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Table of Contents
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2019


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2019
Or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from__________to__________                            
Commission File No. 0-20570
 
iaclogo2019331a01.jpg
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
 (State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
59-2712887
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 555 West 18th Street, New York, New York 10011
 (Address of registrant's principal executive offices)
 (212) 314-7300
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý    No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ý
 
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer o
 
Smaller reporting
 company o
 
Emerging growth
company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o    No ý
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol
 
Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001
 
IAC
 
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
As of May 3, 2019, the following shares of the registrant's common stock were outstanding:
Common Stock
78,308,663

Class B Common Stock
5,789,499

Total outstanding Common Stock
84,098,162


The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of May 3, 2019 was $17,697,229,465. For the purpose of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the registrant are assumed to be affiliates of the registrant.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page
Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2

Table of Contents

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.    Consolidated Financial Statements
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Unaudited)
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(In thousands, except par value amounts)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
2,217,337

 
$
2,131,632

Marketable securities
40,401

 
123,665

Accounts receivable, net of allowance and reserves of $19,913 and $18,860, respectively
345,686

 
279,189

Other current assets
226,474

 
228,253

Total current assets
2,829,898

 
2,762,739

 
 
 
 
Right of use assets
172,558

 

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $295,917 and $286,798, respectively
325,888

 
318,800

Goodwill
2,745,788

 
2,726,859

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $155,945 and $136,405, respectively
608,109

 
631,422

Long-term investments
234,596

 
235,055

Deferred income taxes
129,304

 
64,786

Other non-current assets
113,761

 
134,924

TOTAL ASSETS
$
7,159,902

 
$
6,874,585

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
LIABILITIES:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
13,750

 
$
13,750

Accounts payable, trade
83,535

 
74,907

Deferred revenue
386,943

 
360,015

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
423,592

 
434,886

Total current liabilities
907,820

 
883,558

 
 
 
 
Long-term debt, net
2,332,234

 
2,245,548

Income taxes payable
36,176

 
37,584

Deferred income taxes
22,903

 
23,600

Other long-term liabilities
217,519

 
66,807

 
 
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
71,914

 
65,687

 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies

 

 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
 
 
 
Common stock $.001 par value; authorized 1,600,000 shares; issued 262,629 and 262,303 shares, respectively, and outstanding 78,289 and 77,963 shares, respectively
263

 
262

Class B convertible common stock $.001 par value; authorized 400,000 shares; issued 16,157 shares and outstanding 5,789 shares
16

 
16

Additional paid-in capital
11,868,424

 
12,022,387

Retained earnings
1,347,489

 
1,258,794

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(126,719
)
 
(128,722
)
Treasury stock 194,708 shares, respectively
(10,309,612
)
 
(10,309,612
)
Total IAC shareholders' equity
2,779,861

 
2,843,125

Noncontrolling interests
791,475

 
708,676

Total shareholders' equity
3,571,336

 
3,551,801

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
$
7,159,902

 
$
6,874,585


The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

3

Table of Contents


IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenue
$
1,105,843

 
$
995,075

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation shown separately below)
260,071

 
201,962

Selling and marketing expense
421,860

 
402,832

General and administrative expense
213,616

 
184,184

Product development expense
88,700

 
76,937

Depreciation
18,971

 
19,257

Amortization of intangibles
22,752

 
19,953

Total operating costs and expenses
1,025,970

 
905,125

Operating income
79,873

 
89,950

Interest expense
(31,143
)
 
(26,505
)
Other income (expense), net
651

 
(4,619
)
Earnings before income taxes
49,381

 
58,826

Income tax benefit
63,604

 
29,013

Net earnings
112,985

 
87,839

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24,290
)
 
(16,757
)
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
88,695

 
$
71,082

 
 
 
 
Per share information attributable to IAC shareholders:
 
 
Basic earnings per share
$
1.06

 
$
0.86

Diluted earnings per share
$
0.91

 
$
0.71

 
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation expense by function:
 
 
 
Cost of revenue
$
1,289

 
$
710

Selling and marketing expense
2,717

 
1,765

General and administrative expense
45,010

 
45,626

Product development expense
18,428

 
10,981

Total stock-based compensation expense
$
67,444

 
$
59,082

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

4

Table of Contents


IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Net earnings
$
112,985

 
$
87,839

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
 
 
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment
1,309

 
35,393

Change in unrealized gains and losses of available-for-sale debt securities
1

 

Total other comprehensive income
1,310

 
35,393

Comprehensive income, net of tax
114,295

 
123,232

Components of comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24,290
)
 
(16,757
)
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment attributable to noncontrolling interests
(316
)
 
(7,036
)
Change in unrealized gains and losses of available-for-sale debt securities attributable to noncontrolling interests
1

 

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24,605
)
 
(23,793
)
Comprehensive income attributable to IAC shareholders
$
89,690

 
$
99,439




The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

5

Table of Contents


IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
IAC Shareholders' Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class B
Convertible
Common
Stock $.001
Par Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common
Stock $.001
Par Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
 
 
Total IAC
Shareholders'
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
Redeemable
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock
 
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
 
$
 
Shares
 
$
 
Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
65,687

 
 
$
262

 
262,303

 
$
16

 
16,157

 
$
12,022,387

 
$
1,258,794

 
$
(128,722
)
 
$
(10,309,612
)
 
$
2,843,125

 
$
708,676

 
$
3,551,801

Net (loss) earnings
(1,051
)
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
88,695

 

 

 
88,695

 
25,341

 
114,036

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
186

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
995

 

 
995

 
129

 
1,124

Stock-based compensation expense
42

 
 

 

 

 

 
20,165

 

 

 

 
20,165

 
47,237

 
67,402

Issuance of common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes

 
 
1

 
326

 

 

 
(4,911
)
 

 

 

 
(4,910
)
 

 
(4,910
)
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
(3,182
)
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interests to fair value
10,242

 
 

 

 

 

 
(10,242
)
 

 

 

 
(10,242
)
 

 
(10,242
)
Issuance of Match Group common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes, and impact to noncontrolling interests in Match Group

 
 

 

 

 

 
(133,861
)
 

 
1,001

 

 
(132,860
)
 
984

 
(131,876
)
Issuance of ANGI Homeservices common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes, and impact to noncontrolling interests in ANGI Homeservices

 
 

 

 

 

 
(25,097
)
 

 
7

 

 
(25,090
)
 
9,108

 
(15,982
)
Other
(10
)
 
 

 

 

 

 
(17
)
 

 

 

 
(17
)
 

 
(17
)
Balance at March 31, 2019
$
71,914

 
 
$
263

 
262,629

 
$
16

 
16,157

 
$
11,868,424

 
$
1,347,489

 
$
(126,719
)
 
$
(10,309,612
)
 
$
2,779,861

 
$
791,475

 
$
3,571,336

Balance at December 31, 2017
$
42,867

 
 
$
261

 
260,624

 
$
16

 
16,157

 
$
12,165,002

 
$
595,038

 
$
(103,568
)
 
(10,226,721
)
 
$
2,430,028

 
$
516,795

 
$
2,946,823

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU No. 2014-09

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
36,795

 

 

 
36,795

 
3,410

 
40,205

Net (loss) earnings
(959
)
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
71,082

 

 

 
71,082

 
17,716

 
88,798

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
579

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
28,357

 

 
28,357

 
6,457

 
34,814

Stock-based compensation expense
410

 
 

 

 

 

 
17,214

 

 

 

 
17,214

 
41,458

 
58,672

Issuance of common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes

 
 

 
772

 

 

 
25,275

 

 

 

 
25,275

 

 
25,275

Purchase of noncontrolling interests

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(269
)
 
(269
)
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interests to fair value
3,403

 
 

 

 

 

 
(3,403
)
 

 

 

 
(3,403
)
 

 
(3,403
)
Issuance of Match Group common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes, and impact to noncontrolling interests in Match Group

 
 

 

 

 

 
(111,721
)
 

 
264

 

 
(111,457
)
 
1,414

 
(110,043
)
Issuance of ANGI Homeservices common stock pursuant to stock-based awards, net of withholding taxes, and impact to noncontrolling interests in ANGI Homeservices

 
 

 

 

 

 
(1,938
)
 

 
(3
)
 

 
(1,941
)
 
798

 
(1,143
)
Noncontrolling interests created in acquisitions
787

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other
12

 
 

 

 

 

 
2,577

 

 

 

 
2,577

 
85

 
2,662

Balance at March 31, 2018
$
47,099

 
 
$
261

 
$
261,396

 
$
16

 
$
16,157

 
$
12,093,006

 
$
702,915

 
$
(74,950
)
 
$
(10,226,721
)
 
$
2,494,527

 
$
587,864

 
$
3,082,391


The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net earnings
$
112,985

 
$
87,839

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation expense
67,444

 
59,082

Amortization of intangibles
22,752

 
19,953

Depreciation
18,971

 
19,257

Bad debt expense
15,005

 
9,528

Deferred income taxes
(65,107
)
 
(31,895
)
Other adjustments, net
18,741

 
13,726

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions:


 
 
Accounts receivable
(88,367
)
 
(29,901
)
Other assets
6,730

 
(22,680
)
Accounts payable and other liabilities
(26,829
)
 
(7,592
)
Income taxes payable and receivable
(6,154
)
 
(7,034
)
Deferred revenue
26,770

 
41,725

Net cash provided by operating activities
102,941

 
152,008

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(21,555
)
 
(21,295
)
Capital expenditures
(25,855
)
 
(14,801
)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable debt securities
123,500

 
5,000

Purchases of marketable debt securities
(39,740
)
 
(4,975
)
Net proceeds from the sale of businesses and investments
20,472

 
15

Purchases of investments

 
(18,180
)
Other, net
(1,215
)
 
9,347

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
55,607

 
(44,889
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Borrowings under Match Group Credit Facility
40,000

 

Proceeds from Match Group 2019 Senior Notes offering
350,000

 

Principal payments on Match Group Credit Facility
(300,000
)
 

Principal payments on ANGI Homeservices Term Loan
(3,438
)
 
(3,438
)
Debt issuance costs
(5,542
)
 
(193
)
Purchase of Match Group treasury stock
(24,186
)
 
(32,465
)
Proceeds from the exercise of IAC stock options
9,298

 
24,254

Proceeds from the exercise of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices stock options
573

 
1,752

Withholding taxes paid on behalf of IAC employees on net settled stock-based awards
(14,062
)
 
(282
)
Withholding taxes paid on behalf of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices employees on net settled stock-based awards
(123,148
)
 
(75,028
)
 Purchase of noncontrolling interests
(3,182
)
 
(234
)
Acquisition-related contingent consideration payments

 
(185
)
Other, net
27

 
2,669

Net cash used in financing activities
(73,660
)
 
(83,150
)
Total cash provided
84,888

 
23,969

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
815

 
2,746

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
85,703

 
26,715

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period
2,133,685

 
1,633,682

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period
$
2,219,388

 
$
1,660,397


The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

7

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


NOTE 1—THE COMPANY AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Operations
IAC has majority ownership of both Match Group, which includes Tinder, Match, PlentyOfFish and OkCupid, and ANGI Homeservices, which includes HomeAdvisor, Angie’s List and Handy, and also operates Vimeo and Dotdash, among many other online businesses.
As used herein, "IAC," the "Company," "we," "our" or "us" and similar terms refer to IAC/InterActiveCorp and its subsidiaries (unless the context requires otherwise).
As of March 31, 2019, IAC’s economic and voting interest in:
Match Group were 80.4%, and 97.5%, respectively. All references to "Match Group" or "MTCH" in this report are to Match Group, Inc.
ANGI Homeservices were 83.3%, and 98.0%, respectively. All reference to "ANGI Homeservices" or "ANGI" in this report are to ANGI Homeservices Inc.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, all entities that are wholly-owned by the Company and all entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.
In management's opinion, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Accounting for Investments and Equity Securities
Investments in equity securities, other than those of our consolidated subsidiaries and those accounted for under the equity method, are accounted for at fair value or under the measurement alternative of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, following its adoption on January 1, 2018, with any changes to fair value recognized within other income (expense), net each reporting period. Under the measurement alternative, equity investments without readily determinable fair values are carried at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer; value is generally determined based on a market approach as of the transaction date. An investment will be considered identical or similar if it has identical or similar rights to the equity investments held by the Company. The Company reviews its equity securities for impairment each reporting period when there are qualitative factors or events that indicate possible impairment. Factors we consider in making this determination include negative changes in industry and market conditions, financial performance, business prospects, and other relevant events and factors. When indicators of impairment exist, the Company prepares quantitative assessments of the fair value of our equity securities, which require judgment and the use of estimates. When our assessment indicates that the fair value of the security is below the carrying value, the Company writes down the security to its fair value and records the corresponding charge within other income (expense), net.
Investments in the common stock or in-substance common stock of entities in which the Company has the ability to

8

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

exercise significant influence over the operating and financial matters of the investee, but does not have a controlling financial interest, are accounted for using the equity method and are included in "Long-term investments" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any investments accounted for using the equity method.
Accounting Estimates
Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions during the preparation of its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates, judgments and assumptions impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to: contingencies; the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets; the useful lives and recoverability of definite-lived intangible assets and property and equipment; the fair values of cash equivalents and marketable debt securities; equity securities without readily determinable fair values; the carrying value of accounts receivable, including the determination of the allowance for doubtful accounts; the determination of revenue reserves; the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration arrangements; unrecognized tax benefits; the valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets; and the fair value of and forfeiture rates for stock-based awards, among others. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience, its forecasts and budgets and other factors that the Company considers relevant.
Certain Risks and Concentrations
A meaningful portion of the Company's revenue is derived from online advertising, the market for which is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant changes in this industry or changes in advertising spending behavior or in customer buying behavior could adversely affect our operating results. Most of the Company's online advertising revenue is attributable to a services agreement with Google Inc. ("Google").
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, consolidated revenue earned from Google was $195.8 million and $211.3 million, representing 18% and 21%, respectively, of the Company's consolidated revenue. A meaningful portion of this revenue is attributable to the services agreement with Google and earned by the Desktop business within the Applications segment and the Ask Media Group within the Emerging & Other segment. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, revenue from Google of $88.1 million and $108.6 million was earned within the Applications segment and $96.3 million and $92.8 million within the Emerging & Other segment, respectively. Accounts receivable related to revenue earned from Google totaled $71.6 million and $69.1 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The services agreement became effective on April 1, 2016, following the expiration of the previous services agreement, and expires on March 31, 2020. The services agreement requires that the Company comply with certain guidelines promulgated by Google. Google may generally unilaterally update its policies and guidelines without advance notice, which could in turn require modifications to, or prohibit and/or render obsolete certain of our products, services and/or business practices, which could be costly to address or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. On February 11, 2019, the Company and Google amended the services agreement, effective as of April 1, 2020.  The amendment extends the expiration date of the agreement to March 31, 2023; provided, that beginning September 2020 and each September thereafter, either party may, after discussion with the other party, terminate the services agreement, effective on September 30 of the year following the year such notice is given.  The Company believes that the amended agreement, taken as a whole, is comparable to the Company’s previously existing agreement with Google.
Adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)
The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASC 842") effective January 1, 2019. ASC 842 superseded previously existing guidance on accounting for leases and generally requires all leases to be recognized in the statement of financial position.
The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of $154.7 million of right of use assets ("ROU assets") and related lease liabilities as of January 1, 2019, with no cumulative effect adjustment. The adoption of ASC 842 had no impact on the Company’s

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

consolidated statement of operations and consolidated statement of cash flows. In addition, the adoption of ASC 842 did not impact the leverage calculations set forth in the agreements governing the outstanding debt or credit agreements of the Company or its subsidiaries, because, in each circumstance, the leverage calculations are not affected by the lease liabilities that were recorded upon adoption of ASC 842.
The Company adopted ASC 842 prospectively and, therefore, did not revise comparative period information or disclosure. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under ASC 842.
See "Note 3—Leases" for additional information on the adoption of ASC 842.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
NOTE 2—REVENUE RECOGNITION
General Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services or goods is transferred to our customers, and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods.
The Company's disaggregated revenue disclosures are presented in "Note 9—Segment Information."
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue consists of advance payments that are received or are contractually due in advance of the Company's performance. The Company’s deferred revenue is reported on a contract by contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company classifies deferred revenue as current when the term of the applicable subscription period or expected completion of our performance obligation is one year or less. The current and non-current deferred revenue balances at December 31, 2018 are $360.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized $234.8 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2018. The current and non-current deferred revenue balances at March 31, 2019 are $386.9 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Non-current deferred revenue is included in “Other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
As permitted under the practical expedient available under ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, (ii) contracts with variable consideration that is allocated entirely to unsatisfied performance obligations or to a wholly unsatisfied promise accounted for under the series guidance, and (iii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount which we have the right to invoice for services performed.
For sales incentive programs where the customer relationship period is one year or less, the Company has elected the practical expedient to expense the costs as incurred. The amount of capitalized sales commissions where the customer relationship period is greater than one year is $42.3 million and $40.5 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

NOTE 3—LEASES
The Company leases land, office space, data center facilities and equipment used in connection with its operations under various operating leases, the majority of which contain escalation clauses. The Company does not have any financing leases.
ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use the underlying assets for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the present value of the Company’s obligation to make payments arising from leases. ROU assets and related lease liabilities are based on the present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term using the Company's and its publicly traded subsidiaries'

10

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

respective incremental borrowing rates on the lease commencement date or January 1, 2019 for leases that commenced prior to that date. The Company combines the lease and non-lease components of lease payments in determining ROU assets and related lease liabilities. If the lease includes one or more options to extend the term of the lease, the renewal option is considered in the lease term if it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the option. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less ("short-term leases") are not recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Variable lease payments consist primarily of common area maintenance, utilities and taxes, which are not included in the recognition of ROU assets and related lease liabilities. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
Leases
 
Balance Sheet Classification
 
March 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
Right of use assets
 
Right of use assets
 
$
172,558


 
 
 

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Current lease liabilities
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
 
31,215

Long-term lease liabilities
 
Other long-term liabilities
 
185,752

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
216,967


Lease Cost
 
Income Statement Classification
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Fixed lease cost
 
Cost of revenue
 
$
1,075

Fixed lease cost
 
Selling and marketing expense
 
1,909

Fixed lease cost
 
General and administrative expense
 
7,190

Fixed lease cost
 
Product development expense
 
318

Total fixed lease cost (a)
 
 
 
10,492

Variable lease cost
 
Cost of revenue
 
157

Variable lease cost
 
Selling and marketing expense
 
304

Variable lease cost
 
General and administrative expense
 
1,804

Variable lease cost
 
Product development expense
 
54

Total variable lease cost
 
 
 
2,319

Net lease cost
 
 
 
$
12,811

_____________________
(a) Includes approximately $1.3 million of short-term lease cost and $0.5 million of sublease income.

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Maturities of lease liabilities(b):
 
 
March 31, 2019
 
 
(In thousands)
2019
 
30,727

2020
 
41,238

2021
 
35,037

2022
 
28,211

2023
 
25,022

After 2023
 
230,683

Total
 
390,918

     Less: Interest
 
173,951

Present value of lease liabilities
 
$
216,967

_____________________
(b) 
Lease payments exclude $54.5 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

The following are the weighted average assumptions used for lease term and discount rate:
 
 
March 31, 2019
Remaining lease term
 
15.8 years

Discount rate
 
5.99
%

 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
 
(In thousands)
Other Information:
 
 
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities
 
$
28,270

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
 
$
13,175


NOTE 4—INCOME TAXES
At the end of each interim period, the Company makes its best estimate of the annual expected effective income tax rate and applies that rate to its ordinary year-to-date earnings or loss. The income tax provision or benefit related to significant, unusual, or extraordinary items, if applicable, that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effects are individually computed and recognized in the interim period in which they occur. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates, tax status, judgment on the realizability of a beginning-of-the-year deferred tax asset in future years or unrecognized tax benefits is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.
The computation of the annual expected effective income tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, projections of the proportion of income (and/or loss) earned and taxed in foreign jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences, and the likelihood of the realization of deferred tax assets generated in the current year. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision or benefit for income taxes may change as new events occur, more experience is acquired, additional information is obtained or our tax environment changes. To the extent that the expected annual effective income tax rate changes during a quarter, the effect of the change on prior quarters is included in income tax provision in the quarter in which the change occurs.
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded an income tax benefit, despite pre-tax income, of $63.6 million and $29.0 million, respectively, due primarily to excess tax benefits generated by the exercise and vesting of stock-based awards.

12

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

The Company recognizes interest and, if applicable, penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax provision. Accruals for interest and penalties are not material.
The Company is routinely under audit by federal, state, local and foreign authorities in the area of income tax. These audits include questioning the timing and the amount of income and deductions and the allocation of income and deductions among various tax jurisdictions. The Internal Revenue Service is currently auditing the Company’s federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2010 through 2016. The statute of limitations for the years 2010 through 2015 has been extended to December 31, 2019. Returns filed in various other jurisdictions are open to examination for tax years beginning with 2009. Income taxes payable include unrecognized tax benefits considered sufficient to pay assessments that may result from examination of prior year tax returns. We consider many factors when evaluating and estimating our tax positions and tax benefits, which may not accurately anticipate actual outcomes and, therefore, may require periodic adjustment. Although management currently believes changes in unrecognized tax benefits from period to period and differences between amounts paid, if any, upon resolution of issues raised in audits and amounts previously provided will not have a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of the Company, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management’s view of these matters may change in the future.
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, are $51.3 million and $52.3 million, respectively. If unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2019 are subsequently recognized, $48.0 million, net of related deferred tax assets and interest, would reduce income tax expense. The comparable amount as of December 31, 2018 was $49.1 million. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that its unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by $24.0 million by March 31, 2019, due to expirations of statutes of limitations or other settlements; $23.5 million of which would reduce the income tax provision.
NOTE 5—FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Marketable Securities
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of marketable securities are as follows:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(In thousands)
Available-for-sale marketable debt securities
$
39,954

 
$
123,246

Marketable equity security
447

 
419

     Total marketable securities
$
40,401

 
$
123,665


At March 31, 2019, current available-for-sale marketable debt securities are as follows:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(In thousands)
Treasury discount notes
$
24,983

 
$

 
$

 
$
24,983

Commercial paper
14,971

 

 

 
14,971

     Total available-for-sale marketable debt securities
$
39,954

 
$

 
$

 
$
39,954


The contractual maturities of debt securities classified as current available-for-sale at March 31, 2019 are within one year. There are no investments in available-for-sale marketable debt securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for longer than twelve months as of March 31, 2019.
At December 31, 2018, current available-for-sale marketable debt securities were as follows:

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(In thousands)
Treasury discount notes
$
112,291

 
$
3

 
$
(3
)
 
$
112,291

Commercial paper
10,955

 

 

 
10,955

Total available-for-sale marketable debt securities
$
123,246

 
$
3

 
$
(3
)
 
$
123,246


The following table presents the proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale marketable debt securities:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale marketable debt securities
$
123,500

 
$
5,000


The specific-identification method is used to determine the cost of available-for-sale marketable debt securities sold and the amount of unrealized gains and losses reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings. There were no gross realized gains or losses from the maturities of available-for-sale marketable debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying values of the Company's investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values totaled $234.6 million and $235.1 million, respectively, and are included in "Long-term investments" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. All gains and losses on equity securities without readily determinable fair values, realized and unrealized, are recognized in "other income (expense), net" in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
The following table presents a summary of realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in other income (expense), net, as adjustments to the carrying value of equity securities without readily determinable fair values held as of March 31, 2019 and 2018.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Upward adjustments (gross unrealized gains)
$

 
$

Downward adjustments including impairment (gross unrealized losses)
(150
)
 
(192
)
Total
$
(150
)
 
$
(192
)
The cumulative upward and downward adjustments (including impairments) to the carrying value of equity securities without readily determinable fair values since the adoption of ASU 2016-01, on January 1, 2018, through March 31, 2019 were $129.0 million and $(2.6) million, respectively.
Realized and unrealized gains and losses for the Company's marketable equity security and investments without readily determinable fair values for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Realized gains (losses), net, for equity securities sold
$
78

 
$
(103
)
Unrealized (losses) gains, net, on equity securities held
(122
)
 
145

Total (losses) gains recognized, net, in other income (expense), net
$
(44
)
 
$
42


Fair Value Measurements
The Company categorizes its financial instruments measured at fair value into a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:
Level 1: Observable inputs obtained from independent sources, such as quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2: Other inputs, which are observable directly or indirectly, such as quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. The fair values of the Company's Level 2 financial assets are primarily obtained from observable market prices for identical underlying securities that may not be actively traded. Certain of these securities may have different market prices from multiple market data sources, in which case an average market price is used.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and require the Company to develop its own assumptions, based on the best information available in the circumstances, about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.
The following tables present the Company's financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
March 31, 2019
 
Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Fair Value
Measurements
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
733,882

 
$

 
$

 
$
733,882

Treasury discount notes

 
771,604

 

 
771,604

Commercial paper

 
118,740

 

 
118,740

Time deposits

 
110,036

 

 
110,036

Marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Treasury discount notes

 
24,983

 

 
24,983

  Commercial paper

 
14,971

 

 
14,971

Marketable equity security
447

 

 

 
447

Total
$
734,329

 
$
1,040,334

 
$

 
$
1,774,663

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration arrangement
$

 
$

 
$
(28,186
)
 
$
(28,186
)

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
December 31, 2018
 
Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Fair Value
Measurements
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
880,815

 
$

 
$

 
$
880,815

Treasury discount notes

 
561,733

 

 
561,733

Commercial paper

 
162,417

 

 
162,417

Time deposits

 
90,036

 

 
90,036

Marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Treasury discount notes

 
112,291

 

 
112,291

  Commercial paper

 
10,955

 

 
10,955

Marketable equity security
419

 

 

 
419

Total
$
881,234

 
$
937,432

 
$

 
$
1,818,666

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration arrangements
$

 
$

 
$
(28,631
)
 
$
(28,631
)

The Company's financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are its contingent consideration arrangements.
 
Contingent Consideration Arrangements
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Balance at January 1
$
(28,631
)
 
$
(2,647
)
Total net losses:
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
Fair value adjustments
(1,529
)
 
(156
)
Included in other comprehensive loss
(14
)
 
(110
)
Settlements
1,988

 
948

Balance at March 31
$
(28,186
)
 
$
(1,965
)

Contingent Consideration Arrangements
At March 31, 2019, the Company has one contingent consideration arrangement outstanding related to a business acquisition.  The arrangement has a total maximum contingent payment of $45.0 million.  At March 31, 2019, the gross fair value of this arrangement, before unamortized discount, is $44.0 million. During the first quarter of 2019, the Company paid $2.0 million to settle a contingent consideration arrangement that was outstanding at December 31, 2018.
The contingent consideration arrangements are based upon earnings performance and/or operating metrics. The Company generally determines the fair value of the contingent consideration arrangements by using probability-weighted analyses to determine the amounts of the gross liability, and, because the arrangements were initially long-term in nature, applying a discount rate that appropriately captures the risks associated with the obligation to determine the net amount reflected in the consolidated financial statements. The fair values of the contingent consideration arrangement at March 31, 2019 reflect a

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

discount rate of 25%. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangements at December 31, 2018 reflect discount rates ranging from 12% to 25%.
The fair value of contingent consideration arrangements is sensitive to changes in the forecasts of earnings and/or the relevant operating metrics and changes in discount rates. The Company remeasures the fair value of the contingent consideration arrangements each reporting period, including the accretion of the discount, if applicable, and changes are recognized in "General and administrative expense" in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The contingent consideration arrangement liability at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 includes a non-current portion of $28.2 million and $26.6 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2018 a current portion of $2.0 million. At March 31, 2019, there is no current portion of the contingent consideration arrangement liability. Current and non-current portions of the contingent consideration liability are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and “Other long-term liabilities,” respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
The Company's non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized. The Company's financial assets, comprising equity securities without readily determinable fair values, are adjusted to fair value when observable price changes are identified or an impairment is recognized. Such fair value measurements are based predominantly on Level 3 inputs.
Financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes
The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
(In thousands)
Current portion of long-term debt
$
(13,750
)
 
$
(13,243
)
 
$
(13,750
)
 
$
(12,753
)
Long-term debt, net(a)
(2,332,234
)
 
(2,683,980
)
 
(2,245,548
)
 
(2,460,204
)

_____________________
(a) 
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying value of long-term debt, net includes unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $88.8 million and $88.9 million, respectively.
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of long-term debt, including the current portion, is estimated using observable market prices or indices for similar liabilities, which are Level 2 inputs. At December 31, 2018, the Company considered the outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, which has a variable interest rate, to have a fair value equal to its carrying value. The outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility were repaid with a portion of the net proceeds from the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes issued on February 15, 2019. See "Note 6—Long-term Debt" for additional information on the repayment of the MTCH Credit Facility.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 6—LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consists of:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(In thousands)
MTCH Debt:
 
 
 
MTCH Term Loan due November 16, 2022
$
425,000

 
$
425,000

MTCH Credit Facility due December 7, 2023

 
260,000

6.375% Senior Notes due June 1, 2024 (the "6.375% MTCH Senior Notes"); interest payable each June 1 and December 1
400,000

 
400,000

5.00% Senior Notes due December 15, 2027 (the "5.00% MTCH Senior Notes"); interest payable each June 15 and December 15
450,000

 
450,000

5.625% Senior Notes due February 15, 2029 (the "5.625% MTCH Senior Notes"); interest payable each February 15 and August 15, commencing on August 15, 2019
350,000

 

Total MTCH long-term debt
1,625,000

 
1,535,000

Less: unamortized original issue discount
7,023

 
7,352

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
16,321

 
11,737

Total MTCH debt, net
1,601,656

 
1,515,911

 
 
 
 
ANGI Debt:
 
 
 
ANGI Term Loan due November 5, 2023
257,813

 
261,250

Less: current portion of ANGI Term Loan
13,750

 
13,750

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
2,399

 
2,529

Total ANGI debt, net
241,664

 
244,971

 
 
 
 
IAC Debt:
 
 
 
0.875% Exchangeable Senior Notes due October 1, 2022 (the "Exchangeable Notes"); interest payable each April 1 and October 1
517,500

 
517,500

4.75% Senior Notes due December 15, 2022 (the "4.75% Senior Notes"); interest payable each June 15 and December 15
34,489

 
34,489

Total IAC long-term debt
551,989

 
551,989

Less: unamortized original issue discount
50,661

 
54,025

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
12,414

 
13,298

Total IAC debt, net
488,914

 
484,666

 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt, net
$
2,332,234

 
$
2,245,548


MTCH Senior Notes
The 6.375% MTCH Senior Notes were issued on June 1, 2016. At any time prior to June 1, 2019, these notes may be redeemed at a redemption price equal to the sum of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a make-whole premium set forth in the indenture governing the notes. Thereafter, these notes may be redeemed at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

On December 4, 2017, MTCH issued $450 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% Senior Notes. At any time prior to December 15, 2022, the 5.00% MTCH Senior Notes may be redeemed at a redemption price equal to the sum of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a make-whole premium set forth in the indenture governing the notes. Thereafter, these notes may be redeemed at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date.
On February 15, 2019, MTCH issued $350 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes. The proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, to pay expenses associated with the offering, and for general corporate purposes. At any time prior to February 15, 2024, these notes may be redeemed at a redemption price equal to the sum of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a make-whole premium set forth in the indenture governing the notes. Thereafter, these notes may be redeemed at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date.
The indentures governing the 6.375% and 5.00% MTCH Senior Notes contain covenants that would limit MTCH's ability to pay dividends, make distributions or repurchase MTCH stock in the event a default has occurred or MTCH's consolidated leverage ratio (as defined in the indentures) exceeds 5.0 to 1.0. At March 31, 2019, there were no limitations pursuant thereto. There are additional covenants in those indentures that limit MTCH's ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things, (i) incur indebtedness, make investments, or sell assets in the event MTCH is not in compliance with certain ratios set forth in the indentures, and (ii) incur liens, enter into agreements restricting MTCH subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends, enter into transactions with affiliates and consolidate, merge or sell substantially all of their assets. The indenture governing the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes is less restrictive than the indentures governing the 6.375% and 5.00% MTCH Senior Notes and generally only limits MTCH's ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things, create liens on assets and limits MTCH's ability to consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets.
All of MTCH's Senior Notes are ranked equally with each other.
MTCH Term Loan and MTCH Credit Facility
At both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding balance on the MTCH Term Loan was $425 million. The MTCH Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.50%, and was 5.08% and 5.09% at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The MTCH Term Loan provides for annual principal payments as part of an excess cash flow sweep provision, the amount of which, if any, is governed by the secured net leverage ratio contained in the credit agreement. Interest payments are due at least quarterly through the term of the loan.
As of March 31, 2019, MTCH has a $500 million revolving credit facility (the "MTCH Credit Facility") that expires on December 7, 2023. At March 31, 2019, there were no outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility. At December 31, 2018, the outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility were $260.0 million, which bore interest at LIBOR plus 1.50%, or approximately 4.00%, and were repaid with a portion of the net proceeds from the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes, described above. The annual commitment fee on undrawn funds based on the current consolidated net leverage ratio is 25 basis points at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility bear interest, at MTCH's option, at a base rate or LIBOR, in each case plus an applicable margin, which is based on MTCH's consolidated net leverage ratio. The terms of the MTCH Credit Facility require MTCH to maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio of not more than 5.0 to 1.0 and a minimum interest coverage ratio of not less than 2.0 to 1.0 (in each case as defined in the agreement).
The MTCH Term Loan and MTCH Credit Facility contain covenants that would limit MTCH’s ability to pay dividends, make distributions or repurchase MTCH stock in the event MTCH’s secured net leverage ratio exceeds 2.0 to 1.0, while the MTCH Term Loan remains outstanding and, thereafter, if the consolidated net leverage ratio exceeds 4.0 to 1.0, or in the event a default has occurred. There are additional covenants under these MTCH debt agreements that limit the ability of MTCH and its subsidiaries to, among other things, incur indebtedness, pay dividends or make distributions. Obligations under the MTCH Credit Facility and MTCH Term Loan are unconditionally guaranteed by certain MTCH wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries and are secured by the stock of certain MTCH domestic and foreign subsidiaries. The MTCH Term Loan and outstanding borrowings, if any, under the MTCH Credit Facility rank equally with each other, and have priority over the 6.375%, 5.00% and 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes to the extent of the value of the assets securing the borrowings under the MTCH credit agreement.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

ANGI Term Loan and ANGI Credit Facility
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding balance on the ANGI Term Loan was $257.8 million and $261.3 million, respectively. At both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the ANGI Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.50%. The spread over LIBOR is subject to change in future periods based on ANGI's consolidated net leverage ratio. The interest rate was approximately 4.00% at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Interest payments are due at least quarterly through the term of the loan. Additionally, there are quarterly principal payments of $3.4 million through December 31, 2021, $6.9 million for the one year period ending December 31, 2022 and $10.3 million through maturity of the loan when the final amount of $161.6 million is due.
The terms of the ANGI Term Loan require ANGI to maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio of not more than 4.5 to 1.0 and a minimum interest coverage ratio of not less than 2.0 to 1.0 (in each case as defined in the credit agreement). The ANGI Term Loan also contains covenants that would limit ANGI’s ability to pay dividends, make distributions or repurchase ANGI stock in the event a default has occurred or ANGI’s consolidated net leverage ratio exceeds 4.25 to 1.0. There are additional covenants under the ANGI Term Loan that limit the ability of ANGI and its subsidiaries to, among other things, incur indebtedness, pay dividends or make distributions.
On November 5, 2018, ANGI entered into a five-year $250 million revolving credit facility (the "ANGI Credit Facility").
At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no outstanding borrowings under the ANGI Credit Facility. The annual commitment fee on undrawn funds is based on ANGI's consolidated net leverage ratio most recently reported, and is 25 basis points at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Borrowings under the ANGI Credit Facility bear interest, at ANGI's option, at either a base rate or LIBOR, in each case plus an applicable margin, which is determined based on ANGI's consolidated net leverage ratio. The financial and other covenants are the same as those for the ANGI Term Loan.

The ANGI Term Loan and ANGI Credit Facility are guaranteed by ANGI's wholly-owned material domestic subsidiaries
and are secured by substantially all assets of ANGI and the guarantors, subject to certain exceptions.

IAC Exchangeable Notes

On October 2, 2017, IAC FinanceCo, Inc., a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, issued $517.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 0.875% Exchangeable Senior Notes (the “Exchangeable Notes”). The Exchangeable Notes are guaranteed by the Company. Each $1,000 of principal of the Exchangeable Notes is exchangeable for 6.5713 shares of the Company's common stock, which is equivalent to an exchange price of approximately $152.18 per share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events. Upon exchange, the Company has the right to settle the principal amount of Exchangeable Notes with any of the three following alternatives: (1) shares of our common stock, (2) cash or (3) a combination of cash and shares of our common stock.
The Exchangeable Notes are exchangeable at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2022 only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days during the period of 30 consecutive trading days during the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the exchange price on each applicable trading day, which occurred in the third quarter of 2018 and in the first quarter of 2019; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the exchange rate on each such trading day; (3) if the issuer calls the notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as further described under the indenture governing the Exchangeable Notes. On or after July 1, 2022 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may exchange all or any portion of their Exchangeable Notes regardless of the foregoing conditions.
We separately account for the debt and the equity components of the Exchangeable Notes, and therefore, the Company recorded an original issue discount and corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital of $70.4 million, which is the fair value attributed to the exchange feature of the debt upon issuance. The Company is amortizing the original issue discount utilizing the effective interest method over the life of the Exchangeable Notes, which increases the effective interest rate from its coupon rate of 0.875% to 3.88%. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred interest

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

expense of $5.4 million and $5.2 million, which includes amortization of original issue discount of $3.4 million and $3.2 million, and debt issuance costs of $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the unamortized original issue discount is $50.7 million and $54.0 million, resulting in a net carrying value of the liability component of $466.8 million and $463.5 million, respectively.
In connection with the debt offering, the Company purchased call options allowing the Company to purchase initially (subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events) the entire 3.4 million shares that would be issuable upon the exchange of the Exchangeable Notes at approximately $152.18 per share (the "Exchangeable Note Hedge"), and sold warrants allowing the holder to purchase initially (subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events) 3.4 million shares at $229.70 per share (the "Warrants"). The if-converted value of the Exchangeable Notes exceeded its principal amount by $197.0 million and $105.0 million based on the Company's stock price on March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Exchangeable Note Hedge is expected to reduce the potential dilutive effect on the Company's common stock upon any exchange of notes and/or offset any cash payment IAC FinanceCo, Inc. is required to make in excess of the principal amount of the exchanged notes. The Warrants have a dilutive effect on the Company's common stock to the extent that the market price per share of the Company common stock exceeds the strike price of the Warrants.

IAC Senior Notes
The 4.75% Senior Notes were issued by IAC on December 21, 2012. These Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by certain of our wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries, which are designated as guarantor subsidiaries. See "Note 12—Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Financial Information" for financial information relating to guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries. The 4.75% Senior Notes may be redeemed at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date.
IAC Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2019, IAC has a $250 million revolving credit facility (the "IAC Credit Facility"), under which IAC Group, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, is the borrower ("Borrower"), that expires on November 5, 2023. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no outstanding borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility. The annual commitment fee on undrawn funds is based on the consolidated net leverage ratio (as defined in the agreement) most recently reported, and is 20 basis points at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility bear interest, at the Borrower's option, at a base rate or LIBOR, in each case, plus an applicable margin, which is determined by reference to a pricing grid based on the Borrower's consolidated net leverage ratio. The terms of the IAC Credit Facility require that the Borrower maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio of not more than 3.25 to 1.0 before the date on which the Borrower no longer holds majority of the outstanding voting stock of each of ANGI and MTCH ("Trigger Date") and no greater than 2.75 to 1.0 on or after the Trigger Date. The terms of the IAC Credit Facility also restrict the Borrower's ability to incur additional indebtedness. Borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility are unconditionally guaranteed by substantially the same domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the 4.75% Senior Notes and are also secured by the stock of certain of our domestic and foreign subsidiaries, including the shares of MTCH and ANGI owned by the Borrower. The 4.75% Senior Notes are subordinate to the outstanding borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility to the extent of the value of the assets securing such borrowings.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 7—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following tables present the components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income and items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Unrealized Gains On Available-For-Sale Debt Securities
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
 
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 1
$
(128,726
)
 
$
4

 
$
(128,722
)
Other comprehensive income
993

 
2

 
995

Net current period other comprehensive income
993

 
2

 
995

Allocation of accumulated other comprehensive income related to the noncontrolling interests
1,008

 

 
1,008

Balance as of March 31
$
(126,725
)
 
$
6

 
$
(126,719
)

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
 
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 1
$
(103,568
)
 
$
(103,568
)
    Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
28,218

 
28,218

Amounts reclassified to earnings
139

 
139

Net current period other comprehensive income
28,357

 
28,357

Allocation of accumulated other comprehensive income related to the noncontrolling interests
261

 
261

Balance as of March 31
$
(74,950
)
 
$
(74,950
)
The amount reclassified out of foreign currency translation adjustment into earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2018 relates to the liquidation of an international subsidiary.
At both March 31, 2019 and 2018, there was no tax benefit or provision on the accumulated other comprehensive loss.
NOTE 8—EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to IAC shareholders:

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Basic
 
Diluted
 
Basic
 
Diluted
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings
$
112,985

 
$
112,985

 
$
87,839

 
$
87,839

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24,290
)
 
(24,290
)
 
(16,757
)
 
(16,757
)
Impact from public subsidiaries' dilutive securities(a) 

 
(6,696
)
 

 
(7,442
)
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
88,695

 
$
81,999

 
$
71,082

 
$
63,640

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average basic shares outstanding
83,905

 
83,905

 
82,983

 
82,983

Dilutive securities(a) (b) (c) (d)

 
6,435

 

 
6,086

Denominator for earnings per share—weighted average shares(a) (b) (c) (d)
83,905

 
90,340

 
82,983

 
89,069

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per share attributable to IAC shareholders:
Earnings per share
$
1.06

 
$
0.91

 
$
0.86

 
$
0.71


_____________________
(a) 
IAC has the option to settle certain MTCH and ANGI stock-based awards in its shares. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, it is more dilutive for IAC to settle certain ANGI equity awards and MTCH to settle certain MTCH equity awards.
(b) 
If the effect is dilutive, weighted average common shares outstanding include the incremental shares that would be issued upon the assumed exercise of stock options, warrants and subsidiary denominated equity, exchange of the Company's Exchangeable Notes and vesting of restricted stock units. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, 3.4 million and 6.8 million potentially dilutive securities, respectively, are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
(c) 
Market-based awards and performance-based stock units ("PSUs") are considered contingently issuable shares. Shares issuable upon exercise or vesting of market-based awards and PSUs are included in the denominator for earnings per share if (i) the applicable market or performance condition(s) has been met and (ii) the inclusion of the market-based awards and PSUs is dilutive for the respective reporting periods. For three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, 0.3 million and 0.2 million shares, respectively, underlying market-based awards and PSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the market or performance conditions had not been met.
(d) 
It is the Company's intention to settle the Exchangeable Notes through a combination of cash, equal to the face amount of the notes, and shares; therefore, the Exchangeable Notes are only dilutive for periods during which the average price of IAC common stock exceeds the approximate$152.18 per share exchange price per $1,000 principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the average price of IAC common stock exceeded $152.18 and the dilutive impact of the Exchangeable Notes was 0.9 million shares. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Exchangeable Notes were anti-dilutive.
NOTE 9—SEGMENT INFORMATION
The overall concept that the Company employs in determining its operating segments is to present the financial information in a manner consistent with: how the chief operating decision maker views the businesses; how the businesses are organized as to segment management; and the focus of the businesses with regards to the types of services or products offered or the target market. Operating segments are combined for reporting purposes if they meet certain aggregation criteria, which principally relate to the similarity of their economic characteristics or, in the case of the Emerging & Other reportable segment, do not meet the quantitative thresholds that require presentation as separate reportable segments.

The following table presents revenue by reportable segment:

23

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Revenue:
 
 
 
Match Group
$
464,625

 
$
407,367

ANGI Homeservices
303,443

 
255,311

Vimeo
43,581

 
35,568

Dotdash
33,961

 
30,031

Applications
143,549

 
131,987

Emerging & Other
116,748

 
134,885

Inter-segment eliminations
(64
)
 
(74
)
Total
$
1,105,843

 
$
995,075


The following table presents the revenue of the Company's segments disaggregated by type of service:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Match Group
 
 
 
Direct revenue:
 
 
 
North America
$
237,773

 
$
211,357

International
216,189

 
181,380

Total Direct revenue
453,962

 
392,737

Indirect revenue (principally advertising revenue)
10,663

 
14,630

  Total Match Group revenue
$
464,625

 
$
407,367

 
 
 
 
ANGI Homeservices
 
 
 
Marketplace:
 
 
 
Consumer connection revenue
$
201,582

 
$
149,060

Membership subscription revenue
16,517

 
15,627

Other revenue
1,826

 
921

Marketplace revenue
219,925

 
165,608

Advertising and other revenue
62,069

 
70,418

Total North America
281,994

 
236,026

Consumer connection revenue
17,123

 
14,367

Membership subscription revenue
3,742

 
4,671

Advertising and other revenue
584

 
247

Total Europe
21,449

 
19,285

 Total ANGI Homeservices revenue
$
303,443

 
$
255,311

 
 
 
 
Vimeo
 
 
 
Platform revenue
$
41,302

 
$
32,932

Hardware revenue
2,279

 
2,636

 Total Vimeo revenue
$
43,581

 
$
35,568

 
 
 
 
Dotdash
 
 
 
Advertising revenue
$
28,919

 
$
25,744

Affiliate commerce commission and other revenue
5,042

 
4,287



24

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
 Total Dotdash revenue
$
33,961

 
$
30,031

 
 
 
 
Applications
 
 
 
Desktop
 
 
 
Advertising revenue:
 
 
 
Google advertising revenue
$
88,050

 
$
108,577

Other
3,348

 
1,695

Advertising revenue
91,398

 
110,272

Subscription and other revenue
4,588

 
7,316

 Total Desktop
95,986

 
117,588

Mosaic Group
 
 
 
Subscription and other revenue
45,148

 
9,009

Advertising revenue
2,415

 
5,390

 Total Mosaic Group
47,563

 
14,399

 Total Applications revenue
$
143,549

 
$
131,987

 
 
 
 
Emerging & Other
 
 
 
Advertising revenue:
 
 
 
Google advertising revenue
$
96,273

 
$
92,751

Other
6,977

 
13,269

Advertising revenue
103,250

 
106,020

Other revenue
13,498

 
28,865

 Total Emerging & Other revenue
$
116,748

 
$
134,885


Revenue by geography is based on where the customer is located. Geographic information about revenue and long-lived assets is presented below:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Revenue:
 
 
 
United States
$
712,381

 
$
657,580

All other countries
393,462

 
337,495

Total
$
1,105,843

 
$
995,075

 
March 31,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(In thousands)
Long-lived assets (excluding goodwill and intangible assets):
 
 
 
United States
$
298,534

 
$
289,756

All other countries
27,354

 
29,044

   Total
$
325,888

 
$
318,800


The following tables present operating income (loss) and Adjusted EBTIDA by reportable segment:

25

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Operating Income (Loss):
 
 
 
Match Group
$
118,828

 
$
112,233

ANGI Homeservices
(3,641
)
 
(10,756
)
Vimeo
(17,784
)
 
(9,748
)
Dotdash
3,047

 
3,191

Applications
25,356

 
25,461

Emerging & Other
(2,520
)
 
6,493

Corporate
(43,413
)
 
(36,924
)
Total
$
79,873

 
$
89,950


 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA(a):
 
 
 
Match Group
$
155,067

 
$
137,741

ANGI Homeservices
$
37,179

 
$
36,640

Vimeo
$
(16,200
)
 
$
(7,784
)
Dotdash
$
7,150

 
$
3,849

Applications
$
29,688

 
$
26,752

Emerging & Other
$
(2,095
)
 
$
8,208

Corporate
$
(20,220
)
 
$
(17,008
)

_____________________
(a) 
The Company's primary financial measure is Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as operating income excluding: (1) stock-based compensation expense; (2) depreciation; and (3) acquisition-related items consisting of (i) amortization of intangible assets and impairments of goodwill and intangible assets, if applicable, and (ii) gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements. The Company believes this measure is useful for analysts and investors as this measure allows a more meaningful comparison between our performance and that of our competitors. Moreover, our management uses this measure internally to evaluate the performance of our businesses, and this measure is one of the primary metrics on which our internal budgets are based and by which management is compensated. The above items are excluded from our Adjusted EBITDA measure because these items are non-cash in nature. Adjusted EBITDA has certain limitations because it excludes the impact of these expenses.
The following tables reconcile operating income (loss) for the Company's reportable segments and net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA:

26

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
Operating
Income
(Loss)
 
Stock-Based
Compensation
Expense
 
Depreciation
 
Amortization
of Intangibles
 
Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Fair Value Adjustments
 

Adjusted
EBITDA
 
(In thousands)
Match Group
$
118,828

 
$
27,997

 
$
7,831

 
$
411

 
$

 
$
155,067

ANGI Homeservices
(3,641
)
 
$
19,282

 
$
6,999

 
$
14,539

 
$

 
$
37,179

Vimeo
(17,784
)
 
$

 
$
193

 
$
1,391

 
$

 
$
(16,200
)
Dotdash
3,047

 
$

 
$
226

 
$
3,877

 
$

 
$
7,150

Applications
25,356

 
$

 
$
419

 
$
2,384

 
$
1,529

 
$
29,688

Emerging & Other
(2,520
)
 
$

 
$
275

 
$
150

 
$

 
$
(2,095
)
Corporate
(43,413
)
 
$
20,165

 
$
3,028

 
$

 
$

 
$
(20,220
)
Operating income
79,873

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
(31,143
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income, net
651

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings before income taxes
49,381

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax benefit
63,604

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings
112,985

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24,290
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
88,695

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

27

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
Operating
Income
(Loss)
 
Stock-Based
Compensation
Expense
 
Depreciation
 
Amortization
of Intangibles
 
Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Fair Value Adjustments
 

Adjusted
EBITDA
 
(In thousands)
Match Group
$
112,233

 
$
16,963

 
$
8,147

 
$
242

 
$
156

 
$
137,741

ANGI Homeservices
(10,756
)
 
$
24,906

 
$
6,184

 
$
16,306

 
$

 
$
36,640

Vimeo
(9,748
)
 
$

 
$
335

 
$
1,629

 
$

 
$
(7,784
)
Dotdash
3,191

 
$

 
$
249

 
$
409

 
$

 
$
3,849

Applications
25,461

 
$

 
$
755

 
$
536

 
$

 
$
26,752

Emerging & Other
6,493

 
$
131

 
$
753

 
$
831

 
$

 
$
8,208

Corporate
(36,924
)
 
$
17,082

 
$
2,834

 
$

 
$

 
$
(17,008
)
Operating income
89,950

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
(26,505
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other expense, net
(4,619
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings before income taxes
58,826

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax benefit
29,013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings
87,839

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,757
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
71,082

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

NOTE 10—CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS
Restricted Cash
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheet to the total amounts shown in the consolidated statement of cash flows:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
March 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
2,217,337

 
$
2,131,632

 
$
1,657,537

 
$
1,630,809

Restricted cash included in other current assets
1,635

 
1,633

 
2,860

 
2,873

Restricted cash included in other assets
416

 
420

 

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as shown on the consolidated statement of cash flows
$
2,219,388

 
$
2,133,685

 
$
1,660,397

 
$
1,633,682


Restricted cash at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 primarily consist of a cash collateralized letter of credit and a deposit related to corporate credit cards.
Restricted cash at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 primarily supports a letter of credit to a supplier, which was released to the Company in the second quarter of 2018.
Other income (expense), net

28

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Other income (expense), net
$651
 
$(4,619)

Other income, net in 2019 includes: $12.4 million of interest income; $8.1 million loss related to the sale of a business; and $1.9 million in net foreign currency exchange losses due primarily to the weakening of the U.S. dollar and the Euro relative to the British Pound during the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Other expense, net in 2018 includes: $7.9 million in net foreign currency exchange losses due primarily to the weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the British Pound and Euro during the three months ended March 31, 2018; and $5.2 million of interest income.
NOTE 11—CONTINGENCIES
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to various lawsuits. The Company establishes reserves for specific legal matters when it determines that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management has also identified certain other legal matters where we believe an unfavorable outcome is not probable and, therefore, no reserve is established. Although management currently believes that resolving claims against us, including claims where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible, will not have a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of the Company, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the future. The Company also evaluates other contingent matters, including income and non-income tax contingencies, to assess the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and estimated extent of potential loss. It is possible that an unfavorable outcome of one or more of these lawsuits or other contingencies could have a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of the Company. See "Note 4—Income Taxes" for additional information related to income tax contingencies.
On August 14, 2018, ten then-current and former employees of Match Group, LLC or Tinder, Inc. ("Tinder"), an operating business of Match Group, filed a lawsuit in New York state court against IAC and Match Group. See Sean Rad et al. v. IAC/InterActiveCorp and Match Group, Inc., No. 654038/2018 (Supreme Court, New York County). The complaint alleges that in 2017, the defendants: (i) wrongfully interfered with a contractually established process for the independent valuation of Tinder by certain investment banks, resulting in a substantial undervaluation of Tinder and a consequent underpayment to the plaintiffs upon exercise of their Tinder stock options, and (ii) then wrongfully merged Tinder into Match Group, thereby depriving one of the plaintiffs (Mr. Rad) of his contractual right to later valuations of Tinder on a stand-alone basis. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unjust enrichment, interference with contractual relations (as against Match Group only), and interference with prospective economic advantage, and seeks compensatory damages in the amount of at least $2 billion, as well as punitive damages. IAC and Match Group believe that the allegations in this lawsuit are without merit and will continue to defend vigorously against it.
NOTE 12—GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The 4.75% Senior Notes are unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain domestic subsidiaries which are 100% owned by the Company. The following tables present condensed consolidating financial information at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 for: IAC, on a stand-alone basis; the combined guarantor subsidiaries of IAC; the combined non-guarantor subsidiaries of IAC; and IAC on a consolidated basis.

29

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Balance sheet at March 31, 2019:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,113,281

 
$

 
$
1,104,056

 
$

 
$
2,217,337

Marketable securities
39,954

 

 
447

 

 
40,401

Accounts receivable, net of allowance and reserves

 
89,587

 
256,099

 

 
345,686

Other current assets
27,074

 
32,254

 
167,891

 
(745
)
 
226,474

Intercompany receivables

 
1,445,130

 

 
(1,445,130
)
 

Right of use assets
561

 
41,185

 
147,816

 
(17,004
)
 
172,558

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization
6,598

 
160,419

 
158,871

 

 
325,888

Goodwill

 
412,009

 
2,333,779

 

 
2,745,788

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization

 
40,037

 
568,072

 

 
608,109

Investment in subsidiaries
1,753,945

 
231,897

 

 
(1,985,842
)
 

Other non-current assets
285,842

 
94,691

 
233,400

 
(136,272
)
 
477,661

Total assets
$
3,227,255

 
$
2,547,209

 
$
4,970,431

 
$
(3,584,993
)
 
$
7,159,902

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$

 
$

 
$
13,750

 
$

 
$
13,750

Accounts payable, trade
790

 
33,600

 
49,145

 

 
83,535

Other current liabilities
22,158

 
83,816

 
709,213

 
(4,652
)
 
810,535

Long-term debt, net
34,277

 

 
2,297,957

 

 
2,332,234

Income taxes payable

 
1,660

 
34,516

 

 
36,176

Intercompany liabilities
389,873

 

 
1,055,257

 
(1,445,130
)
 

Other long-term liabilities
296

 
55,644

 
333,851

 
(149,369
)
 
240,422

Redeemable noncontrolling interests

 

 
71,914

 

 
71,914

Shareholders' equity (deficit)
2,779,861

 
2,372,489

 
(386,647
)
 
(1,985,842
)
 
2,779,861

Noncontrolling interests

 

 
791,475

 

 
791,475

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
3,227,255

 
$
2,547,209

 
$
4,970,431

 
$
(3,584,993
)
 
$
7,159,902



30

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Balance sheet at December 31, 2018:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,018,082

 
$

 
$
1,113,550

 
$

 
$
2,131,632

Marketable securities
98,299

 

 
25,366

 

 
123,665

Accounts receivable, net of allowance and reserves

 
99,970

 
179,219

 

 
279,189

Other current assets
39,449

 
29,222

 
171,682

 
(12,100
)
 
228,253

Intercompany receivables

 
1,423,456

 

 
(1,423,456
)
 

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization
6,526

 
163,281

 
148,993

 

 
318,800

Goodwill

 
412,009

 
2,314,850

 

 
2,726,859

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization

 
43,914

 
587,508

 

 
631,422

Investment in subsidiaries
1,897,699

 
214,519

 

 
(2,112,218
)
 

Other non-current assets
274,789

 
94,290

 
251,315

 
(185,629
)
 
434,765

Total assets
$
3,334,844

 
$
2,480,661

 
$
4,792,483

 
$
(3,733,403
)
 
$
6,874,585

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$

 
$

 
$
13,750

 
$

 
$
13,750

Accounts payable, trade
1,304

 
36,293

 
37,310

 

 
74,907

Other current liabilities
41,721

 
95,405

 
669,875

 
(12,100
)
 
794,901

Long-term debt, net
34,262

 

 
2,211,286

 

 
2,245,548

Income taxes payable
15

 
1,707

 
35,862

 

 
37,584

Intercompany liabilities
414,156

 

 
1,009,300

 
(1,423,456
)
 

Other long-term liabilities
261

 
18,181

 
257,594

 
(185,629
)
 
90,407

Redeemable noncontrolling interests

 

 
65,687

 

 
65,687

Shareholders' equity (deficit)
2,843,125

 
2,329,075

 
(216,857
)
 
(2,112,218
)
 
2,843,125

Noncontrolling interests

 

 
708,676

 

 
708,676

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
3,334,844

 
$
2,480,661

 
$
4,792,483

 
$
(3,733,403
)
 
$
6,874,585


31

Table of Contents
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Revenue
$

 
$
198,930

 
$
906,978

 
$
(65
)
 
$
1,105,843

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation shown separately below)
24

 
82,146

 
177,966

 
(65
)
 
260,071

Selling and marketing expense
362

 
57,966

 
363,562

 
(30
)
 
421,860

General and administrative expense
38,259

 
10,534

 
164,793

 
30

 
213,616

Product development expense
647

 
12,037

 
76,016

 

 
88,700

Depreciation
378

 
2,922

 
15,671

 

 
18,971

Amortization of intangibles

 
3,877

 
18,875

 

 
22,752

Total operating costs and expenses
39,670

 
169,482

 
816,883

 
(65
)
 
1,025,970

Operating (loss) income
(39,670
)
 
29,448

 
90,095

 

 
79,873

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
115,440

 
1,068

 

 
(116,508
)
 

Interest expense
(424
)
 

 
(30,719
)
 

 
(31,143
)
Other (expense) income, net
(1,897
)
 
13,851

 
420

 
(11,723
)
 
651

Earnings before income taxes
73,449

 
44,367

 
59,796

 
(128,231
)
 
49,381

Income tax benefit (provision)
15,246

 
(5,123
)
 
53,481

 

 
63,604

Net earnings
88,695

 
39,244

 
113,277

 
(128,231
)
 
112,985

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

 
(24,290
)
 

 
(24,290
)
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
88,695

 
$
39,244

 
$
88,987

 
$
(128,231
)
 
$
88,695

Comprehensive income attributable to IAC shareholders
$
89,690

 
$
39,455

 
$
90,100

 
$
(129,555
)
 
$
89,690



32

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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Revenue
$

 
$
212,889

 
$
782,260

 
$
(74
)
 
$
995,075

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation shown separately below)
76

 
56,224

 
145,712

 
(50
)
 
201,962

Selling and marketing expense
213

 
90,138

 
312,526

 
(45
)
 
402,832

General and administrative expense
31,409

 
15,381

 
137,373

 
21

 
184,184

Product development expense
652

 
14,269

 
62,016

 

 
76,937

Depreciation
266

 
3,340

 
15,651

 

 
19,257

Amortization of intangibles

 
509

 
19,444

 

 
19,953

Total operating costs and expenses
32,616

 
179,861

 
692,722

 
(74
)
 
905,125

Operating (loss) income
(32,616
)
 
33,028

 
89,538

 

 
89,950

Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates
102,750

 
(327
)
 

 
(102,423
)
 

Interest expense
(429
)
 

 
(26,076
)
 

 
(26,505
)
Other (expense) income, net(a)
(16,847
)
 
286,883

 
2,190

 
(276,845
)
 
(4,619
)
Earnings before income taxes
52,858

 
319,584

 
65,652

 
(379,268
)
 
58,826

Income tax benefit (provision)
18,224

 
(10,966
)
 
21,755

 

 
29,013

Net earnings
71,082

 
308,618

 
87,407

 
(379,268
)
 
87,839

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

 
(16,757
)
 

 
(16,757
)
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
71,082

 
$
308,618

 
$
70,650

 
$
(379,268
)
 
$
71,082

Comprehensive income attributable to IAC shareholders
$
99,439

 
$
308,961

 
$
105,327

 
$
(414,288
)
 
$
99,439


_____________________
(a) 
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, foreign cash of $276.0 million was repatriated to the U.S.


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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$
(40,242
)
 
$
40,574

 
$
114,332

 
$
(11,723
)
 
$
102,941

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 
(1,214
)
 
(20,341
)
 

 
(21,555
)
Capital expenditures
(531
)
 
(39
)
 
(25,285
)
 

 
(25,855
)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable debt securities
98,500

 

 
25,000

 

 
123,500

Purchases of marketable debt securities
(39,740
)
 

 

 

 
(39,740
)
Net proceeds from the sale of businesses and investments

 
39

 
20,433

 

 
20,472

Other, net

 
(2,034
)
 
819

 

 
(1,215
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
58,229

 
(3,248
)
 
626

 

 
55,607

Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Borrowings under Match Group Credit Facility

 

 
40,000

 

 
40,000

Proceeds from Match Group 2019 Senior Notes offering

 

 
350,000

 

 
350,000

Principal payments on Match Group Credit Facility

 

 
(300,000
)
 

 
(300,000
)
Principal payment on ANGI Homeservices Term Loan

 

 
(3,438
)
 

 
(3,438
)
Debt issuance costs

 

 
(5,542
)
 

 
(5,542
)
Purchase of Match Group treasury stock

 

 
(24,186
)
 

 
(24,186
)
Proceeds from the exercise of IAC stock options
9,298

 

 

 

 
9,298

Proceeds from the exercise of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices stock options

 

 
573

 

 
573

Withholding taxes paid on behalf of IAC employees on net settled stock-based awards
(14,062
)
 

 

 

 
(14,062
)
Withholding taxes paid on behalf of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices employees on net settled stock-based awards

 

 
(123,148
)
 

 
(123,148
)
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
(3,182
)
 

 

 

 
(3,182
)
Distribution to IAC pursuant to the ANGI tax sharing agreement
11,355

 

 
(11,355
)
 

 

Intercompany
73,803

 
(37,326
)
 
(48,200
)
 
11,723

 

Other, net

 

 
27

 

 
27

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
77,212

 
(37,326
)
 
(125,269
)
 
11,723

 
(73,660
)
Total cash provided (used)
95,199

 

 
(10,311
)
 

 
84,888

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

 

 
815

 

 
815

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
95,199

 

 
(9,496
)
 

 
85,703

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period
1,018,082

 

 
1,115,603

 

 
2,133,685

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period
$
1,113,281

 
$

 
$
1,106,107

 
$

 
$
2,219,388



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IAC/INTERACTIVECORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)

Statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 
IAC
 
Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries
 
Eliminations
 
IAC Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
1,562

 
$
319,686

 
$
107,605

 
$
(276,845
)
 
$
152,008

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(4,134
)
 

 
(17,161
)
 

 
(21,295
)
Capital expenditures

 
(570
)
 
(14,231
)
 

 
(14,801
)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable debt securities
5,000

 

 

 

 
5,000

Purchases of marketable debt securities
(4,975
)
 

 

 

 
(4,975
)
Net proceeds from the sale of investments

 

 
15

 

 
15

Purchases of investments
(18,180
)
 

 

 

 
(18,180
)
Other, net
(5,000
)
 
3,884

 
10,463

 

 
9,347

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
(27,289
)
 
3,314

 
(20,914
)
 

 
(44,889
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal payment on ANGI Homeservices Term Loan

 

 
(3,438
)
 

 
(3,438
)
Debt issuance costs

 

 
(193
)
 

 
(193
)
Purchase of Match Group treasury stock

 

 
(32,465
)
 

 
(32,465
)
Proceeds from the exercise of IAC stock options
24,254

 

 

 

 
24,254

Proceeds from the exercise of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices stock options


 

 
1,752

 

 
1,752

Withholding taxes paid on behalf of IAC employees on net settled stock-based awards
(282
)
 

 

 

 
(282
)
Withholding taxes paid on behalf of Match Group and ANGI Homeservices employees on net settled stock-based awards

 

 
(75,028
)
 

 
(75,028
)
 Purchase of noncontrolling interests

 

 
(234
)
 

 
(234
)
Acquisition-related contingent consideration payments

 

 
(185
)
 

 
(185
)
Intercompany
308,822

 
(323,000
)
 
(262,667
)
 
276,845

 

Other, net
2,674

 

 
(5
)
 

 
2,669

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
335,468

 
(323,000
)
 
(372,463
)
 
276,845

 
(83,150
)
Total cash provided (used)
309,741

 

 
(285,772
)
 

 
23,969

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
26

 

 
2,720

 

 
2,746

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
309,767

 

 
(283,052
)
 

 
26,715

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period
585,639

 

 
1,048,043

 

 
1,633,682

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period
$
895,406

 
$

 
$
764,991

 
$

 
$
1,660,397




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Table of Contents

Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

GENERAL

Management Overview
IAC has majority ownership of both Match Group, which includes Tinder, Match, PlentyOfFish and OkCupid, and ANGI Homeservices, which includes HomeAdvisor, Angie’s List and Handy, and also operates Vimeo and Dotdash, among many other online businesses.
For a more detailed description of the Company's operating businesses, see the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Key Terms:
When the following terms appear in this report, they have the meanings indicated below:
Reportable Segments (for additional information see "Note 9—Segment Information" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1—Consolidated Financial Statements"):
Match Group ("MTCH") - is a leading provider of subscription dating products, with a portfolio of dating brands, including Tinder, Match, PlentyOfFish and OkCupid. At March 31, 2019, IAC’s economic and voting interest in MTCH were 80.4% and 97.5%, respectively.
ANGI Homeservices ("ANGI") - connects quality home service pros across 500 different categories, from repairing and remodeling to cleaning and landscaping, with consumers through category-transforming products with brands such as HomeAdvisor®, Angie’s List® and Handy. At March 31, 2019, IAC’s economic and voting interest in ANGI were 83.3% and 98.0%, respectively.
Vimeo - operates a global video platform for creative professionals, marketers and enterprises to connect with their audiences, customers and employees.
Dotdash - is a portfolio of digital brands providing expert information and inspiration in select vertical content categories.
Applications - consists of Desktop, which includes our direct-to-consumer downloadable desktop applications and the business-to-business partnership operations, and Mosaic Group, which is a leading provider of global subscription mobile applications comprised of the following businesses that we own and operate: Apalon, iTranslate, TelTech and Daily Burn, transferred from the Emerging & Other segment effective April 1, 2018.
Emerging & Other - consists of Ask Media Group, BlueCrew, The Daily Beast, College Humor Media, IAC Films and, for periods prior to its transfer to Mosaic Group effective April 1, 2018, Daily Burn. It also includes CityGrid, Dictionary.com and Electus, for periods prior to the sales of these businesses.
Operating Metrics:
In connection with the management of our businesses, we identify, measure and assess a variety of operating metrics. The principal metrics we use in managing our businesses are set forth below:
Match Group
North America - consists of the financial results and metrics associated with users located in the United States and Canada.
International - consists of the financial results and metrics associated with users located outside of the United States and Canada.

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Direct Revenue - is revenue that is received directly from end users of its products and includes both subscription and à la carte revenue.
Subscribers - are users who purchase a subscription to one of MTCH's products. Users who purchase only à la carte features are not included in Subscribers.
Average Subscribers - is the number of Subscribers at the end of each day in the relevant measurement period divided by the number of calendar days in that period.
Average Revenue per Subscriber ("ARPU") - is Direct Revenue from Subscribers in the relevant measurement period (whether in the form of subscription or à la carte revenue from Subscribers) divided by the Average Subscribers in such period and further divided by the number of calendar days in such period. Direct Revenue from users who are not Subscribers and have purchased only à la carte features is not included in ARPU.
ANGI Homeservices
Combination - On September 29, 2017, IAC/InterActiveCorp's ("IAC") HomeAdvisor business and Angie's List, Inc. ("Angie's List") combined under a new publicly traded company called ANGI Homeservices Inc.
Marketplace Revenue - includes revenue from the HomeAdvisor and Handy domestic marketplace, including consumer connection revenue for consumer matches, membership subscription revenue from HomeAdvisor service professionals and revenue from completed jobs sourced through the Handy platform. It excludes revenue from Angie's List, mHelpDesk, HomeStars, Fixd Repair and Felix.
Advertising & Other Revenue - includes Angie’s List revenue (revenue from service professionals under contract for advertising and membership subscription fees from consumers) as well as revenue from mHelpDesk, HomeStars, Fixd Repair (acquired on January 25, 2019) and, for periods prior to its sale on December 31, 2018, Felix.
Marketplace Service Requests - are fully completed and submitted domestic customer service requests to HomeAdvisor and completed jobs sourced through the Handy platform.
Marketplace Paying Service Professionals ("Marketplace Paying SPs") - are the number of HomeAdvisor and Handy domestic service professionals that had an active subscription and/or paid for consumer matches or completed a job sourced through the Handy platform in the last month of the period. An active HomeAdvisor subscription is a subscription for which HomeAdvisor was recognizing revenue on the last day of the relevant period.
Vimeo
Platform Revenue - primarily includes revenue from Software-as-a-Service ("SaaS") subscription fees and other related revenue from Vimeo subscribers.
Hardware Revenue - includes sales of our live streaming accessories.
Vimeo Ending Subscribers - is the number of subscribers to Vimeo's SaaS video tools at the end of the period.
Operating Costs and Expenses:
Cost of revenue - consists primarily of traffic acquisition costs and includes (i) the amortization of in-app purchase fees and (ii) payments made to partners who distribute our business-to-business customized browser-based applications and who integrate our paid listings into their websites. In-app purchase fees are monies paid to Apple and Google in connection with the processing of in-app purchases of subscriptions and product features through the in-app payment systems provided by Apple and Google. Traffic acquisition costs include payment of amounts based on revenue share and other arrangements. Cost of revenue also includes hosting fees, compensation expense (including stock-based compensation expense) and other employee-related costs for personnel engaged in data center operations and MTCH customer service functions, credit card processing fees, production costs related to IAC Films, College Humor Media and, for periods prior to its sale on October 29, 2018, Electus, content costs, expenses associated with the operation of the Company's data centers and costs associated with publishing and distributing the Angie's List Magazine.

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Selling and marketing expense - consists primarily of advertising expenditures, which include online marketing, including fees paid to search engines, social media sites and third parties that distribute our direct-to-consumer downloadable desktop applications, offline marketing, which is primarily television advertising, and partner-related payments to those who direct traffic to the brands within our MTCH and ANGI segments, and compensation expense (including stock-based compensation expense) and other employee-related costs for ANGI's sales force and marketing personnel.
General and administrative expense - consists primarily of compensation expense (including stock-based compensation expense) and other employee-related costs for personnel engaged in executive management, finance, legal, tax, human resources and customer service functions (except for MTCH which includes customer service costs within cost of revenue), fees for professional services (including transaction-related costs related to acquisitions), facilities costs, bad debt expense, software license and maintenance costs and acquisition-related contingent consideration fair value adjustments (described below). The customer service function at ANGI includes personnel who provide support to its service professionals and consumers.
Product development expense - consists primarily of compensation expense (including stock-based compensation expense) and other employee-related costs that are not capitalized for personnel engaged in the design, development, testing and enhancement of product offerings and related technology and software license and maintenance costs.
Acquisition-related contingent consideration fair value adjustments - relate to the portion of the purchase price of certain acquisitions that is contingent upon the future earnings performance and/or operating metrics of the acquired company. The fair value of the liability is estimated at the date of acquisition and adjusted each reporting period until the liability is settled. Significant changes in forecasted earnings and/or operating metrics will result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. The changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration arrangements during each reporting period, including the accretion of the discount if the arrangement is longer than one year, are recognized in "General and administrative expense" in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
Long-term debt (for additional information see "Note 6—Long-term Debt" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1—Consolidated Financial Statements"):
MTCH Term Loan - due November 16, 2022. The outstanding balance of the MTCH Term Loan as of March 31, 2019 is $425.0 million. The MTCH Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.50% and was 5.08% and 5.09% at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
MTCH Credit Facility - The MTCH $500 million revolving credit facility expires on December 7, 2023. At March 31, 2019, there were no outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility. At December 31, 2018, the outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility were $260.0 million, which bore interest at LIBOR plus 1.50%, or approximately 4.00%. The MTCH Credit Facility was repaid with a portion of the net proceeds from the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes issued on February 15, 2019 (described below).
6.375% MTCH Senior Notes - MTCH's 6.375% Senior Notes due June 1, 2024, with interest payable each June 1 and December 1. The outstanding balance of the 6.375% MTCH Senior Notes as of March 31, 2019 is $400.0 million.
5.00% MTCH Senior Notes - MTCH's 5.00% Senior Notes due December 15, 2027, with interest payable each June 15 and December 15. The outstanding balance of the 5.00% MTCH Senior Notes as of March 31, 2019 is $450.0 million.
5.625% MTCH Senior Notes - On February 15, 2019, MTCH issued $350 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes due February 15, 2029. The proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, to pay expenses associated with the offering, and for general corporate purposes. The outstanding balance of the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes as of March 31, 2019 is $350.0 million.
ANGI Term Loan - due November 5, 2023. The outstanding balance of the ANGI Term Loan as of March 31, 2019 is $257.8 million. At both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the ANGI Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.50%, and has quarterly principal payments. The interest rate was approximately 4.00% at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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ANGI Credit Facility - The ANGI $250 million revolving credit facility expires on November 5, 2023. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no outstanding borrowings under the ANGI Credit Facility.
Exchangeable Notes - On October 2, 2017, a finance subsidiary of the Company issued $517.5 million aggregate principal of 0.875% Exchangeable Senior Notes due October 1, 2022, which notes are guaranteed by the Company and are exchangeable into shares of the Company's common stock. Interest is payable each April 1 and October 1. The outstanding balance of the Exchangeable Notes as of March 31, 2019 is $517.5 million. Each $1,000 of principal of the Exchangeable Notes is exchangeable for 6.5713 shares of the Company's common stock, which is equivalent to an exchange price of approximately $152.18 per share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events.
4.75% Senior Notes - IAC's 4.75% Senior Notes due December 15, 2022, with interest payable each June 15 and December 15. The outstanding balance of the 4.75% Senior Notes as of March 31, 2019 is $34.5 million.
IAC Credit Facility - The IAC $250 million revolving credit facility, under which IAC Group, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company is the borrower, expires on November 5, 2023. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no outstanding borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility.
Non-GAAP financial measure:
Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") - is a non-GAAP financial measure. See "Principles of Financial Reporting" for the definition of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders to operating income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
Certain Risks and Concentrations—Online Advertising
A meaningful portion of the Company's revenue is derived from online advertising, the market for which is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant changes in this industry or changes in advertising spending behavior or in customer buying behavior could adversely affect our operating results. Most of the Company's online advertising revenue is attributable to a services agreement with Google Inc. ("Google").
Services Agreement with Google
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, consolidated revenue earned from Google was $195.8 million and $211.3 million, representing 18% and 21%, respectively, of the Company's consolidated revenue. A meaningful portion of this revenue is attributable to the services agreement with Google and earned by the Desktop business within the Applications segment and the Ask Media Group within the Emerging & Other segment. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, revenue from Google of $88.1 million and $108.6 million was earned within the Applications segment and $96.3 million and $92.8 million within the Emerging & Other segment, respectively. Accounts receivable related to revenue earned from Google totaled $71.6 million and $69.1 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The services agreement became effective on April 1, 2016, following the expiration of the previous services agreement, and expires on March 31, 2020. The services agreement requires that the Company comply with certain guidelines promulgated by Google. Google may generally unilaterally update its policies and guidelines without advance notice, which could in turn require modifications to, or prohibit and/or render obsolete certain of our products, services and/or business practices, which could be costly to address or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. On February 11, 2019, the Company and Google amended the services agreement, effective as of April 1, 2020.  The amendment extends the expiration date of the agreement to March 31, 2023; provided, that beginning September 2020 and each September thereafter, either party may, after discussion with the other party, terminate the services agreement, effective on September 30 of the year following the year such notice is given.  The Company believes that the amended agreement, taken as a whole, is comparable to the Company’s previously existing agreement with Google.
2019 Developments
Acquisitions
On April 15, 2019, Vimeo announced its agreement to acquire Magisto, a video creation service enabling businesses to create short-form videos. The acquisition is expected to close by the end of the second quarter of 2019.

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On January 25, 2019, ANGI completed the acquisition of Fixd Repair, LLC and Fixd Services LLC (collectively, "Fixd Repair"), a home warranty and service company.
Disposition
In the first quarter of 2019, Vimeo sold its Hardware business resulting in a pre-tax loss of $8.1 million.
Financing Transaction
On February 15, 2019, MTCH issued $350 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes due February 15, 2029.
First Quarter 2019 Consolidated Results

Revenue increased $110.8 million, or 11%, to $1.1 billion due primarily to growth from MTCH of $57.3 million and ANGI of $48.1 million, increases of $11.6 million from Applications, $8.0 million from Vimeo and $3.9 million from Dotdash, partially offset by a decrease of $18.1 million from Emerging & Other due, in part, to the sales of Electus, Dictionary.com and CityGrid in the fourth quarter of 2018.
Operating income decreased $10.1 million, or 11%, to $79.9 million, despite an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of $2.2 million, due primarily to increases of $8.4 million in stock-based compensation expense, $2.8 million in amortization of intangibles and a change of $1.4 million in acquisition-related contingent consideration fair value adjustments, partially offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in depreciation. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was due primarily to the issuance of new equity awards since the prior year period and expense of $9.4 million related to the vesting of certain awards for which the market condition was met, partially offset by a decrease of $9.5 million in modification and acceleration charges related to the Combination ($9.6 million in 2019 compared to $19.1 million in 2018). The increase in amortization of intangibles was due primarily to an increase in amortization expense related to recent acquisitions, partially offset by lower expense from the Combination.
Adjusted EBITDA increased $2.2 million, or 1%, to $190.6 million due primarily to growth of $17.3 million from MTCH, $3.3 million from Dotdash and $2.9 million from Applications, partially offset by a loss of $2.1 million in 2019 from Emerging & Other compared to a profit of $8.2 million in 2018, and increased losses of $8.4 million and $3.2 million from Vimeo and Corporate, respectively.
Other events affecting year-over-year comparability include:
(i)acquisitions and dispositions:
Acquisitions:
 
Reportable Segment:
 
Acquisition Date:
BlueCrew - controlling interest
 
Emerging & Other
 
February 26, 2018
Hinge - controlling interest *
 
MTCH
 
Second quarter of 2018
iTranslate
 
Applications
 
March 15, 2018
TelTech
 
Applications
 
October 22, 2018
Handy
 
ANGI
 
October 19, 2018
_____________________
* In the fourth quarter of 2018, MTCH acquired the remaining noncontrolling interests in Hinge.
Dispositions:
 
Reportable Segment:
 
Sale Date:
Electus
 
Emerging & Other
 
October 29, 2018
Dictionary.com
 
Emerging & Other
 
November 13, 2018
Felix
 
ANGI
 
December 31, 2018
CityGrid
 
Emerging & Other
 
December 31, 2018

(ii)
the transfer of Daily Burn from the Emerging & Other segment to the Applications segment (within Mosaic Group) effective April 1, 2018.

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Table of Contents


Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018
Revenue
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Match Group
$
464,625

 
$
57,258

 
14%
 
$
407,367

ANGI Homeservices
303,443

 
48,132

 
19%
 
255,311

Vimeo
43,581

 
8,013

 
23%
 
35,568

Dotdash
33,961

 
3,930

 
13%
 
30,031

Applications
143,549

 
11,562

 
9%
 
131,987

Emerging & Other
116,748

 
(18,137
)
 
(13)%
 
134,885

Inter-segment eliminations
(64
)
 
10

 
12%
 
(74
)
Total
$
1,105,843

 
$
110,768

 
11%
 
$
995,075

MTCH revenue increased 14% to $464.6 million driven by International Direct Revenue growth of $34.8 million, or 19%, and North America Direct Revenue growth of $26.4 million, or 12%. Both International and North America Direct Revenue growth were driven by higher Average Subscribers, up 23% to 4.3 million and 10% to 4.4 million, respectively, due primarily to continued growth in Subscribers at Tinder. Total ARPU was flat driven by a 2% increase in North America ARPU due to Tinder, as Subscribers purchased additional à la carte features, offset by a 3% decrease in International ARPU due primarily to the unfavorable impact from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro, British Pound and certain other currencies.
ANGI revenue increased 19% to $303.4 million driven by the Marketplace growth of $54.3 million, or 33%, and growth of $2.2 million, or 11%, at the European businesses, partially offset by a decrease of $8.3 million, or 12%, in Advertising & Other Revenue driven principally by the sale of Felix on December 31, 2018. Marketplace Revenue growth was driven by a 15% increase in Marketplace Service Requests to 5.8 million and a 14% increase in Marketplace Paying SPs to 221,000. Revenue growth at the European businesses was driven by growth across several regions, partially offset by the unfavorable impact from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro and British Pound.
Vimeo revenue grew 23% to $43.6 million due to Platform Revenue growth of $8.4 million, or 25%, partially offset by lower Hardware Revenue of $0.4 million, or 14%. Platform Revenue growth was driven by a 16% increase in average revenue per subscriber and an 8% increase in Vimeo Ending Subscribers to 973,000.
Dotdash revenue increased 13% to $34.0 million due to 18% higher traffic resulting in strong advertising revenue growth, particularly from Verywell, as well as growth in affiliate commerce commission revenue.
Applications revenue increased 9% to $143.5 million due to an increase of $33.2 million, or 230%, at Mosaic Group, partially offset by a decrease of $21.6 million, or 18%, at Desktop. The increase at Mosaic Group revenue was driven primarily by contributions from iTranslate and TelTech, growth of 69% related to the ongoing transition to subscription products, as well as increased marketing expense and new products, and the transfer of Daily Burn from the Emerging & Other segment effective April 1, 2018. The decrease at Desktop was driven by lower consumer queries and continued loss of existing partners.
Emerging & Other revenue decreased 13% to $116.7 million due primarily to the sales of Electus, Dictionary.com and CityGrid in the fourth quarter of 2018, lower revenue at IAC Films and the transfer of Daily Burn to Mosaic Group, partially offset by higher revenue at Ask Media Group due to growth in paid traffic, primarily in international markets, and the contribution from BlueCrew.


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Cost of revenue
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation shown separately below)
$260,071
 
$58,109
 
29%
 
$201,962
As a percentage of revenue
24%
 
 
 
 
 
20%
Cost of revenue in 2019 increased from 2018 due to increases of $27.5 million from Emerging & Other, $26.3 million from MTCH and $5.8 million from Applications.
The Emerging & Other increase was due primarily to an increase of $32.9 million in traffic acquisition costs, principally driven by higher revenue at Ask Media Group, and $7.8 million of expense from the inclusion of BlueCrew, which was acquired on February 26, 2018, partially offset by a decrease of $10.1 million in production costs, driven primarily by the sale of Electus in 2018 and lower revenue from IAC Films, the transfer of Daily Burn to Mosaic Group and the sale of CityGrid in 2018.
The MTCH increase was due primarily to increases of $21.3 million in in-app purchase fees paid to Apple and Google as MTCH's revenues are increasingly sourced through mobile app stores, $3.6 million in hosting fees and $2.3 million in compensation expense.
The Applications increase was due primarily to an increase of $4.5 million in traffic acquisition costs driven primarily by the inclusion of iTranslate and TelTech, partially offset by a decline in revenue at Desktop.
Selling and marketing expense
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Selling and marketing expense
$421,860
 
$19,028
 
5%
 
$402,832
As a percentage of revenue
38%
 
 
 
 
 
40%
Selling and marketing expense in 2019 increased from 2018 due to increases of $37.4 million from ANGI and $9.5 million from Vimeo, partially offset by a decrease of $29.8 million from Emerging & Other.
The ANGI increase was due primarily to increases in advertising expense of $26.0 million and compensation expense of $5.8 million as well as expense from the inclusion of Handy. The increase in advertising expense was due primarily to increased investments in online marketing and television spend. Compensation expense increased due primarily to growth in the sales force.
The Vimeo increase was due primarily to an increase in marketing of $8.0 million related to the launch of a brand campaign in 2019 and an increase in compensation expense of $1.4 million, due, in part, to growth in the sales force.
The Emerging & Other decrease was due primarily to a decrease in marketing of $20.8 million at Ask Media Group, the transfer of Daily Burn to Mosaic Group, the sale of Electus and a decrease in offline marketing of $2.8 million at IAC Films, partially offset by $1.1 million of expense from the inclusion of BlueCrew.

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General and administrative expense
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
General and administrative expense
$213,616
 
$29,432
 
16%
 
$184,184
As a percentage of revenue
19%
 
 
 
 
 
19%
General and administrative expense in 2019 increased from 2018 due to increases of $11.6 million from MTCH, $8.2 million from ANGI and $6.2 million from Corporate.
The MTCH increase was due primarily to increases of $5.2 million in legal and other professional fees, $3.1 million in compensation expense related to an increase in stock-based compensation expense and higher headcount, and $1.0 million in rent expense due to growth at Tinder. The increase in stock-based compensation expense is primarily due to the issuance of new equity awards since the prior year period.
The ANGI increase was due primarily to $7.5 million of expense from the inclusion of Handy and Fixd Repair, including $2.6 million of stock-based compensation expense related to new awards issued in connection with these acquisitions, an increase of $4.9 million in bad debt expense due, in part, to higher Marketplace Revenue and an increase of $0.7 million in software license and maintenance costs, partially offset by a decrease of $5.7 million in compensation expense and the inclusion in 2018 of $2.5 million in integration-related costs in connection with the Combination. The decrease in compensation expense was due primarily to a decrease of $8.2 million in stock-based compensation expense reflecting a decrease of $8.8 million in expense due to the modification and acceleration charges related to the Combination ($7.9 million in 2019 compared to $16.7 million in 2018).
The Corporate increase was due primarily to higher compensation costs, including an increase in stock-based compensation expense due primarily to the issuance of new equity awards since the prior year period, and higher professional fees.
Product development expense
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Product development expense
$88,700
 
$11,763
 
15%
 
$76,937
As a percentage of revenue
8%
 
 
 
 
 
8%
Product development expense in 2019 increased from 2018 due to an increase of $12.4 million from MTCH.
The MTCH increase was due primarily to an increase of $11.6 million in compensation expense, including an increase of $7.8 million in stock-based compensation expense, due primarily to expense related to the vesting of certain awards for which the market condition was met, and higher headcount at Tinder.
Depreciation
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Depreciation
$18,971
 
$(286)
 
(1)%
 
$19,257
As a percentage of revenue
2%
 
 
 
 
 
2%
Depreciation in 2019 decreased from 2018 due primarily to certain fixed assets becoming fully depreciated, partially offset by increased capital expenditures at ANGI.

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Operating income (loss)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Match Group
$
118,828

 
$
6,595

 
6%
 
$
112,233

ANGI Homeservices
(3,641
)
 
7,115

 
66%
 
(10,756
)
Vimeo
(17,784
)
 
(8,036
)
 
(82)%
 
(9,748
)
Dotdash
3,047

 
(144
)
 
(5)%
 
3,191

Applications
25,356

 
(105
)
 
—%
 
25,461

Emerging & Other
(2,520
)
 
(9,013
)
 
NM
 
6,493

Corporate
(43,413
)
 
(6,489
)
 
(18)%
 
(36,924
)
Total
$
79,873

 
$
(10,077
)
 
(11)%
 
$
89,950

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a percentage of revenue
7%
 
 
 
 
 
9%
_____________________
NM = Not meaningful.
Operating income in 2019 decreased from 2018, despite an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of $2.2 million, due primarily to increases of $8.4 million in stock-based compensation expense, $2.8 million in amortization of intangibles and a change of $1.4 million in acquisition-related contingent consideration fair value adjustments, partially offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in depreciation. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was due primarily to the issuance of new equity awards since the prior year period and expense of $9.4 million related to the vesting of certain awards for which the market condition was met, partially offset by a decrease of $9.5 million in modification and acceleration charges related to the Combination ($9.6 million in 2019 compared to $19.1 million in 2018). The increase in amortization of intangibles was due primarily an increase in amortization expense related to recent acquisitions, partially offset by lower expense from the Combination.
At March 31, 2019, there was $386.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to all equity-based awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.5 years.
Adjusted EBITDA
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Match Group
$
155,067

 
$
17,326

 
13%
 
$
137,741

ANGI Homeservices
37,179

 
539

 
1%
 
36,640

Vimeo
(16,200
)
 
(8,416
)
 
(108)%
 
(7,784
)
Dotdash
7,150

 
3,301

 
86%
 
3,849

Applications
29,688

 
2,936

 
11%
 
26,752

Emerging & Other
(2,095
)
 
(10,303
)
 
NM
 
8,208

Corporate
(20,220
)
 
(3,212
)
 
(19)%
 
(17,008
)
Total
$
190,569

 
$
2,171

 
1%
 
$
188,398

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a percentage of revenue
17%
 
 
 
 
 
19%
For a reconciliation of net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders to operating income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, see "Principles of Financial Reporting." For a reconciliation of operating income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for the Company's reportable segments, see "Note 9—Segment Information" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1—Consolidated Financial Statements."

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MTCH Adjusted EBITDA increased 13% to $155.1 million due primarily to the increase of $57.3 million in revenue due to growth at Tinder, partially offset by higher in-app purchase fees as revenues are increasingly sourced through mobile app stores and higher legal and other professional fees.
ANGI Adjusted EBITDA increased 1% to $37.2 million, growing slower than revenue due primarily to higher selling and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue, investments in Handy and Fixd Repair and an increase of $4.9 million in bad debt expense, partially offset by the inclusion in 2018 of $5.3 million in costs related to the Combination (including deferred revenue write offs, severance, retention and integration-related costs).
Vimeo Adjusted EBITDA loss increased 108% to $16.2 million, despite higher revenue, due primarily to higher marketing expense related to the launch of a brand campaign in 2019.
Dotdash Adjusted EBITDA increased 86% to $7.1 million due primarily to higher revenue.
Applications Adjusted EBITDA increased 11% to $29.7 million due primarily to an increase in revenue primarily at Mosaic Group and lower operating costs at Desktop, partially offset by increased investments in marketing at iTranslate and TelTech.
Emerging & Other Adjusted EBITDA decreased to a loss of $2.1 million in 2019 from a profit of $8.2 million in 2018 due primarily to reduced profits at Ask Media Group, reflecting an increase in traffic acquisition costs, increased investments in BlueCrew and College Humor Media and the sale of Dictionary.com, partially offset by the transfer of Daily Burn to Mosaic Group.
Corporate Adjusted EBITDA loss increased 19% to $20.2 million due primarily to higher compensation costs and professional fees.
Interest expense
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest expense
$31,143
 
$4,638
 
17%
 
$26,505
Interest expense in 2019 increased from 2018 due primarily to the increase in the average outstanding long-term debt balance and higher interest rates on variable rate debt compared to the prior year period.
Other income (expense), net
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Other income (expense), net
$651
 
$5,270
 
NM
 
$(4,619)
Other income, net in 2019 includes: $12.4 million of interest income; $8.1 million in a realized loss related to the sale of a business; and $1.9 million in net foreign currency exchange losses due primarily to the weakening of the U.S. dollar and the Euro relative to the British Pound during the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Other expense, net in 2018 includes: $7.9 million in net foreign currency exchange losses due primarily to the weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the British Pound and Euro during the three months ended March 31, 2018; and $5.2 million of interest income.

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Income tax benefit
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Income tax benefit
$63,604
 
$34,591
 
119%
 
$29,013
Effective income tax rate
NM
 
 
 
 
 
NM
The income tax benefits in 2019 and 2018, despite pre-tax income, were due primarily to excess tax benefits generated by the exercise and vesting of stock-based awards.
For further details of income tax matters, see "Note 4—Income Taxes" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements."
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
Noncontrolling interests represent the noncontrolling holders’ percentage share of earnings or losses from the subsidiaries in which the Company holds a majority, but less than 100%, ownership interest and the results of which are included in our consolidated financial statements.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
$ Change
 
% Change
 
2018
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
$24,290
 
$7,533
 
45%
 
$16,757
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in 2019 primarily represents the publicly-held interest in MTCH's and ANGI's earnings.
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in 2018 primarily represents the publicly-held interest in MTCH's earnings, partially offset by publicly-held interest in ANGI's losses.

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PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIAL REPORTING

IAC reports Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). This measure is one of the primary metrics by which we evaluate the performance of our businesses, on which our internal budgets are based and by which management is compensated. We believe that investors should have access to, and we are obligated to provide, the same set of tools that we use in analyzing our results. This non-GAAP measure should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP, however, should not be considered a substitute for or superior to GAAP results. IAC endeavors to compensate for the limitations of the non-GAAP measure presented by providing the comparable GAAP measure with equal or greater prominence and descriptions of the reconciling items, including quantifying such items, to derive the non-GAAP measure. We encourage investors to examine the reconciling adjustments between the GAAP and non-GAAP measure, which we discuss below.
Definition of Non-GAAP Measure
Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") is defined as operating income excluding: (1) stock-based compensation expense; (2) depreciation; and (3) acquisition-related items consisting of (i) amortization of intangible assets and impairments of goodwill and intangible assets, if applicable, and (ii) gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements. We believe this measure is useful for analysts and investors as this measure allows a more meaningful comparison between our performance and that of our competitors. The above items are excluded from our Adjusted EBITDA measure because these items are non-cash in nature. Adjusted EBITDA has certain limitations because it excludes the impact of these expenses.
The following table reconciles net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders to operating income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Net earnings attributable to IAC shareholders
$
88,695

 
$
71,082

Add back:
 
 
 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
24,290

 
16,757

Income tax benefit
(63,604
)
 
(29,013
)
Other (income) expense, net
(651
)
 
4,619

Interest expense
31,143

 
26,505

Operating income
79,873

 
89,950

Stock-based compensation expense
67,444

 
59,082

Depreciation
18,971

 
19,257

Amortization of intangibles
22,752

 
19,953

Acquisition-related contingent consideration fair value adjustments
1,529

 
156

Adjusted EBITDA
$
190,569

 
$
188,398

For a reconciliation of operating income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for the Company's reportable segments, see "Note 9—Segment Information" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1—Consolidated Financial Statements."
Non-Cash Expenses That Are Excluded From Our Non-GAAP Measure
        Stock-based compensation expense consists principally of expense associated with the grants, including unvested grants assumed in acquisitions (including the Combination), of stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance-based RSUs and market-based awards. These expenses are not paid in cash, and we include the related shares in our fully diluted shares outstanding using the treasury stock method. Performance-based RSUs and market-based awards are included only to the extent the applicable performance or market condition(s) have been met (assuming the end of the reporting period is the end of the contingency period). To the extent that stock-based awards are settled on a net basis, the Company remits the required tax-withholding amounts from its current funds.

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        Depreciation is a non-cash expense relating to our property and equipment and is computed using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of depreciable assets to operations over their estimated useful lives, or, in the case of leasehold improvements, the lease term, if shorter.
        Amortization of intangible assets and impairments of goodwill and intangible assets are non-cash expenses related primarily to acquisitions (including the Combination). At the time of an acquisition, the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets of the acquired company, such as technology, service professional relationships, customer lists and user base, memberships, trade names and content, are valued and amortized over their estimated lives. Value is also assigned to acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets, which comprise trade names and trademarks, and goodwill that are not subject to amortization. An impairment is recorded when the carrying value of an intangible asset or goodwill exceeds its fair value. We believe that intangible assets represent costs incurred by the acquired company to build value prior to acquisition and the related amortization and impairment charges of intangible assets or goodwill, if applicable, are not ongoing costs of doing business.
Gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements are accounting adjustments to report contingent consideration liabilities at fair value. These adjustments can be highly variable and are excluded from our assessment of performance because they are considered non-operational in nature and, therefore, are not indicative of current or future performance or the ongoing cost of doing business.


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FINANCIAL POSITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Financial Position
 
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
(In thousands)
MTCH, Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
United States
 
$
115,499

 
$
83,851

All other countries
 
109,356

 
103,096

Total MTCH cash and cash equivalents
 
224,855

 
186,947

 
 
 
 
 
ANGI, Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
United States
 
336,655

 
328,795

All other countries
 
8,696

 
8,189

Total cash and cash equivalents
 
345,351

 
336,984

Marketable securities (United States)
 

 
24,947

Total ANGI cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities
 
345,351

 
361,931

 
 
 
 
 
IAC, Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
United States
 
1,579,679

 
1,558,636

All other countries
 
67,452

 
49,065

Total cash and cash equivalents
 
1,647,131

 
1,607,701

Marketable securities (United States)
 
40,401

 
98,718

Total IAC cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities
 
1,687,532

 
1,706,419

 
 
 
 
 
Total cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities
 
$
2,257,738

 
$
2,255,297

MTCH Debt:
 
 
 
 
  MTCH Term Loan
 
$
425,000

 
$
425,000

  MTCH Credit Facility
 

 
260,000

  6.375% MTCH Senior Notes
 
400,000

 
400,000

  5.00% MTCH Senior Notes
 
450,000

 
450,000

  5.625% MTCH Senior Notes
 
350,000

 

  Total MTCH long-term debt
 
1,625,000

 
1,535,000

Less: unamortized original issue discount
 
7,023

 
7,352

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
 
16,321

 
11,737

Total MTCH debt, net
 
1,601,656

 
1,515,911

 
 
 
 
 
ANGI Debt:
 
 
 
 
 ANGI Term Loan
 
257,813

 
261,250

Less: current portion of ANGI Term Loan
 
13,750

 
13,750

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
 
2,399

 
2,529

Total ANGI debt, net
 
241,664

 
244,971

 
 
 
 
 
IAC Debt:
 
 
 
 
  Exchangeable Notes
 
517,500

 
517,500

  4.75% Senior Notes
 
34,489

 
34,489

Total IAC long-term debt
 
551,989

 
551,989

Less: unamortized original issue discount
 
50,661

 
54,025

Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
 
12,414

 
13,298

Total IAC debt, net
 
488,914

 
484,666

 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt, net
 
$
2,332,234

 
$
2,245,548


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IAC, MTCH and ANGI Long-term Debt
For a detailed description of IAC, MTCH and ANGI long-term debt, see "Note 6—Long-term Debt" to the consolidated financial statements included in "Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements."
Cash Flow Information
In summary, the Company's cash flows are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in)
 
 
 
     Operating activities
$
102,941

 
$
152,008

     Investing activities
55,607

 
(44,889
)
     Financing activities
(73,660
)
 
(83,150
)
Net cash provided by operating activities consists of earnings adjusted for non-cash items, the effect of changes in working capital and acquisition-related contingent consideration payments (to the extent greater than the liability initially recognized at the time of acquisition). Non-cash adjustments include stock-based compensation expense, deferred income taxes, amortization of intangibles, depreciation and bad debt expense.
2019
Adjustments to earnings consist primarily of $67.4 million of stock-based compensation expense, $22.8 million of amortization of intangibles, $19.0 million of depreciation and $15.0 million of bad debt expense, partially offset by $65.1 million of deferred income taxes. The deferred income tax benefit primarily relates to the net operating loss created by the exercise and vesting of stock-based awards. The decrease from changes in working capital primarily consists of an increase in accounts receivable of $88.4 million, a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $26.8 million and a decrease in income taxes payable and receivable of $6.2 million, partially offset by an increase in deferred revenue of $26.8 million. The increase in accounts receivable is primarily due to increases at MTCH, ANGI and Applications due to the timing of cash receipts, including cash received in the fourth quarter of 2018 rather than in the first quarter of 2019, as well as revenue growth at ANGI. The decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities is primarily due to a decrease in accrued employee compensation mainly related to the payment of 2018 cash bonuses in 2019, partially offset by an increase in accrued interest primarily related to the MTCH Senior Notes due to the timing of interest payments. The decrease in income taxes payable and receivable is primarily due to income tax payments in excess of tax accruals in foreign jurisdictions. The increase in deferred revenue is due primarily to growth in subscription sales at MTCH, Vimeo, and Applications.
Net cash provided by investing activities includes proceeds from maturities (net of purchases) of marketable debt securities of $83.8 million, net proceeds from the sale of businesses and investments of $20.5 million, principally related to the December 31, 2018 sale of Felix, partially offset by capital expenditures of $25.9 million, primarily related to investments in the development of capitalized software at ANGI and MTCH to support their products and services and cash used for acquisitions of $21.6 million, principally related to the Fixd Repair acquisition.
Net cash used in financing activities includes $300.0 million to repay the outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, $106.6 million and $16.5 million for withholding taxes paid on behalf of MTCH and ANGI employees, respectively, for stock-based awards that were net settled, $24.2 million for the repurchase of 0.4 million shares of MTCH common stock, on a settlement date basis, at an average price of $55.60 per share, $14.1 million for withholding taxes paid on behalf of IAC employees for stock-based awards that were net settled, partially offset by $350.0 million in proceeds from the 5.625% MTCH Senior Notes, $40.0 million in borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, and $9.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of IAC stock options.

2018
Adjustments to earnings consist primarily of $59.1 million of stock-based compensation expense, $20.0 million of amortization of intangibles, $19.3 million of depreciation, $13.7 million of other adjustments, which primarily consist of net foreign currency exchange losses, and $9.5 million of bad debt expense, partially offset by $31.9 million of deferred income

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taxes. The deferred income tax benefit primarily relates to the net operating loss created by the exercise and vesting of stock-based awards. The decrease from changes in working capital primarily consists of an increase in accounts receivable of $29.9 million, an increase in other assets of $22.7 million, a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $7.6 million and a decrease in income taxes payable and receivable of $7.0 million, partially offset by an increase in deferred revenue of $41.7 million. The increase in accounts receivable is primarily due to revenue growth at ANGI, MTCH, and Ask Media Group. The increase in other assets is primarily related to an increase in capitalized sales commissions and prepaid marketing at ANGI and an increase in prepaid hosting service contracts at MTCH. The decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities is primarily due to a decrease in accrued employee compensation mainly related to the payment of certain 2017 cash bonuses in 2018, partially offset by an increase in (i) accrued interest primarily related to the MTCH Senior Notes due to the timing of interest payments, and (ii) accrued advertising at ANGI, IAC Films, and Vimeo, partially offset by a decrease in accrued advertising at Applications. The decrease in income taxes payable and receivable is primarily due to income tax payments in excess of tax accruals in foreign jurisdictions. The increase in deferred revenue is due mainly to growth in subscription sales at MTCH and Vimeo and an increase at Electus mainly due to the timing of cash received related to various production deals.
Net cash used in investing activities includes $39.5 million of cash used for acquisitions and investments, which includes the iTranslate and BlueCrew acquisitions, and capital expenditures of $14.8 million, primarily related to investments in the development of capitalized software at ANGI and MTCH to support their products and services and computer hardware, partially offset by $10.4 million in net proceeds from the sale of Angie's List's campus located in Indianapolis.
Net cash used in financing activities includes $72.1 million and $2.9 million for withholding taxes paid on behalf of MTCH and ANGI employees, respectively, for stock-based awards that were net settled and $32.5 million for the repurchase of 0.7 million shares of MTCH common stock, on a settlement date basis, at an average price of $44.89 per share, partially offset by $24.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of IAC stock options.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company's principal sources of liquidity are its cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, cash flows generated from operations and available borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility. IAC's consolidated cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities at March 31, 2019 were $2.3 billion, of which $345.4 million was held by ANGI and $224.9 million was held by MTCH. The Company generated $102.9 million of operating cash flows for three months ended March 31, 2019, of which $92.5 million was generated by MTCH and $26.7 million was generated by ANGI. Each of MTCH and ANGI is a separate and distinct legal entity with its own public shareholders and board of directors and has no obligation to provide the Company with funds. As a result, the Company cannot freely access the cash of MTCH and ANGI and their respective subsidiaries. In addition, certain agreements governing MTCH and ANGI indebtedness limit the payment of dividends or distributions and loans or advances to stockholders, including the Company, in the event a default has occurred or in the case of MTCH, its secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the MTCH Term Loan) exceeds 2.0 to 1.0 or its consolidated leverage ratio (as defined in certain MTCH indentures) exceeds 5.0 to 1.0 , and in the case of ANGI, its consolidated net leverage ratio (as defined in the ANGI Term Loan) exceeds 4.5 to 1.0. There were no such limitations at March 31, 2019.
There were no outstanding borrowings under the IAC, MTCH and ANGI credit facilities at March 31, 2019.
The Company anticipates that it will need to make capital and other expenditures in connection with the development and expansion of its operations. The Company's 2019 capital expenditures are expected to be higher than 2018 by approximately 55% to 65%, driven by higher capital expenditures at Corporate and higher capital expenditures at ANGI related to the development of capitalized software to support its products and services, as well as leasehold improvements related to the expansion of office space at MTCH's Tinder business. During 2019, the Company will make payments totaling approximately $23.0 million to purchase a 50% ownership interest in an aircraft. A balance of approximately $13.5 million is due upon delivery of the new aircraft, which is expected to occur in late 2020 or early 2021.
At March 31, 2019, IAC has 8.0 million shares remaining in its share repurchase authorization. IAC may purchase shares over an indefinite period of time on the open market and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on those factors IAC management deems relevant at any particular time, including, without limitation, market conditions, share price and future outlook.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, MTCH repurchased 0.5 million shares, on a trade date basis, of its common stock at an average price of $55.62 per share, or $25.3 million in aggregate. From April 1, 2019 through May 3, 2019, MTCH repurchased an additional 0.2 million shares at an average price of $56.99 per share, or $9.6 million in aggregate. MTCH has 2.3 million shares remaining in its share repurchase authorization.

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On February 6, 2019, the Board of Directors of ANGI authorized ANGI to repurchase up to 15 million shares of its common stock.
The Company has granted stock settled stock appreciation rights denominated in the equity of certain non-publicly traded subsidiaries to employees and management of those subsidiaries. These equity awards are settled on a net basis, with the award holder entitled to receive a payment in IAC shares equal to the intrinsic value of the award at exercise less an amount equal to the required cash tax withholding payment. The number of IAC common shares that would be required to net settle these vested and unvested interests, other than for MTCH, ANGI and their subsidiaries, at current estimated fair values, at May 3, 2019, is 0.1 million shares. In addition, withholding taxes, which will be paid by the Company on behalf of the employees upon exercise, would have been $17.6 million at May 3, 2019, assuming a 50% withholding rate. The number of IAC common shares ultimately needed to settle these awards may vary significantly as a result of both movements in the Company's stock price and the determination of fair value of the relevant subsidiary that is different than the Company's estimate. The Company's RSUs are awards in the form of phantom shares or units denominated in a hypothetical equivalent number of shares of IAC common stock. These equity awards are settled on a net basis. The number of IAC common shares that would be required to net settle these awards at May 3, 2019 is 0.2 million shares. In addition, withholding taxes, which will be paid by the Company on behalf of the employees upon vest, would have been $48.5 million at May 3, 2019, assuming a 50% withholding rate.
During the first quarter of 2019, the Company started to settle stock options on a net basis. Assuming all stock options outstanding on May 3, 2019, were net settled on that date, the Company would have issued 2.0 million common shares (of which 1.6 million is related to vested shares and 0.4 million is related to unvested shares) and would have remitted $456.7 million (of which $354.9 million is related to vested stock options and $101.8 million is related to unvested stock options) in cash for withholding taxes (assuming a 50% withholding rate).
Certain equity awards issued prior to the MTCH initial public offering and the Combination to employees of MTCH and ANGI and denominated in the shares of those subsidiaries may be settled using IAC shares at the Company's election.
MTCH currently settles substantially all equity awards on a net basis. Assuming all MTCH equity awards outstanding on May 3, 2019 were net settled on that date, MTCH would have issued 8.6 million common shares (of which 2.0 million is related to vested shares and 6.6 million is related to unvested shares) and would have remitted $530.0 million (of which $124.0 million is related to vested shares and $406.0 million is related to unvested shares) in cash for withholding taxes (assuming a 50% withholding rate). If MTCH decided to issue a sufficient number of shares to cover the $530.0 million employee withholding tax obligation, 8.6 million additional shares would be issued by MTCH. Certain MTCH stock options ("Tandem Awards") can be settled in MTCH or IAC common stock at the Company's election. Assuming all vested and unvested Tandem Awards outstanding on May 3, 2019 were exercised on that date and settled using IAC stock, 0.4 million IAC common shares would have been issued in settlement and MTCH would have issued $1.3 million shares, which is included in the amount above, to IAC as reimbursement.
In connection with the Combination, previously issued stock appreciation rights related to the common stock of HomeAdvisor (US) were converted into ANGI stock appreciation rights that are settleable, at ANGI's option, on a net basis with ANGI remitting withholding taxes on behalf of the employee or on a gross basis with ANGI issuing a sufficient number of Class A shares to cover the withholding taxes. In addition, at IAC's option, these awards can be settled in either Class A shares of ANGI or shares of IAC common stock. If settled in IAC common stock, ANGI reimburses IAC in either cash or through the issuance of Class A shares to IAC. Assuming all of the stock appreciation rights outstanding on May 3, 2019 were net settled on that date using IAC stock, 0.9 million IAC common shares would have been issued in settlement, IAC would have been issued 10.7 million shares of ANGI Class A stock and ANGI would have remitted $197.3 million in cash for withholding taxes (assuming a 50% withholding rate). If ANGI decided to issue a sufficient number of shares to cover the $197.3 million employee withholding tax obligation, 10.7 million additional Class A shares would be issued by ANGI. ANGI's cash withholding obligation on all other ANGI net settled awards outstanding on May 3, 2019 is $64.4 million (assuming a 50% withholding rate), which is the equivalent of 3.5 million shares.
Prior to the Combination in 2017, the Company issued a number of IAC denominated PSUs to certain ANGI employees. Vesting of the PSUs is contingent upon ANGI's performance. These awards are settled in shares of IAC common stock. ANGI reimburses IAC, at IAC's option, in either cash or through the issuance of Class B shares to IAC. Assuming all of the PSUs outstanding on May 3, 2019 were net settled on that date using IAC stock, 0.1 million IAC common shares would have been issued in settlement, IAC would have been issued 0.7 million shares of ANGI Class B stock and ANGI would have remitted $12.9 million in cash for withholding taxes (assuming a 50% withholding rate).

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As of March 31, 2019, IAC's economic and voting interest in MTCH is 80.4% and 97.5%, respectively, and in ANGI is 83.3% and 98.0%, respectively. As described above, certain MTCH and ANGI equity awards can be settled either in IAC common shares or the common shares of these subsidiaries at IAC's election. The Company currently expects to settle a sufficient number of awards in IAC shares to maintain an economic interest in both MTCH and ANGI of at least 80% and to otherwise take such other steps as necessary to maintain an economic interest in each of MTCH and ANGI of at least 80%.
The Company does not expect to be a full U.S. federal cash income tax payer until 2022. The ultimate timing is dependent primarily on the performance of the Company, other components of pre-tax income (including realized gains and losses) and the amount and timing of tax deductions related to stock-based awards.
At March 31, 2019, all of the Company’s international cash can be repatriated without significant tax consequences.
The Company believes its existing cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, available borrowings under the IAC Credit Facility and expected positive cash flows generated from operations will be sufficient to fund its normal operating requirements, including capital expenditures, debt service, the payment of withholding taxes paid on behalf of employees for net-settled stock-based awards, and investing and other commitments for the foreseeable future. The Company's liquidity could be negatively affected by a decrease in demand for its products and services. The Company’s indebtedness could limit its ability to: (i) obtain additional financing to fund working capital needs, acquisitions, capital expenditures, debt service or other requirements; and (ii) use operating cash flow to make acquisitions or capital expenditures, or invest in other areas, such as developing business opportunities. The Company may need to raise additional capital through future debt or equity financing to make additional acquisitions and investments or to provide for greater financial flexibility. Additional financing may not be available on terms favorable to the Company or at all.


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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no material changes to the Company's contractual obligations, commercial commitments and off-balance sheet arrangements since the disclosure in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, except as noted below.
On February 15, 2019, MTCH issued $350 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes due February 15, 2029. The proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the MTCH Credit Facility, to pay expenses associated with the offering, and for general corporate purposes.




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Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no material changes to the Company's instruments or positions that are sensitive to market risk since the disclosure in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, other than with respect to MTCH's outstanding borrowings, as described in "Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments" included in "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."



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Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
The Company monitors and evaluates on an ongoing basis its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting in order to improve their overall effectiveness. In the course of these evaluations, the Company modifies and refines its internal processes as conditions warrant.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), IAC management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as defined by Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, management has concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report in providing reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There were no changes to the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Overview
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are (or may become) parties to litigation involving property, personal injury, contract, intellectual property and other claims, as well as stockholder derivative actions, class action lawsuits and other matters. The amounts that may be recovered in such matters may be subject to insurance coverage. The litigation matters described below involve issues or claims that may be of particular interest to our stockholders, regardless of whether any of these matters may be material to our financial position or operations based upon the standard set forth in the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Consumer Class Action Challenging Tinder’s Age‑Tiered Pricing
On May 28, 2015, a putative state‑wide class action was filed against Tinder, Inc. ("Tinder") in state court in California. See Allan Candelore v. Tinder, Inc., No. BC583162 (Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles). The complaint principally alleged that Tinder violated California’s Unruh Civil Rights Act (the "Unruh Act") by offering and charging users age 30 and over a higher price than younger users for subscriptions to its premium Tinder Plus service. The complaint sought certification of a class of California Tinder Plus subscribers age 30 and over and damages in an unspecified amount. On September 21, 2015, Tinder filed a demurrer seeking dismissal of the complaint. On October 26, 2015, the court issued an opinion sustaining Tinder’s demurrer to the complaint without leave to amend, ruling that the age‑based pricing differential for Tinder Plus subscriptions did not violate California law in essence because offering a discount to users under age 30 was neither invidious nor unreasonable in light of that age group’s generally more limited financial means. On December 29, 2015, in accordance with its ruling, the court entered judgment dismissing the action. On February 1, 2016, the plaintiff filed a notice of appeal from the judgment, and the parties thereafter briefed the appeal. On January 29, 2018, the California Court of Appeal (Second Appellate District, Division Three) issued an opinion reversing the judgment of dismissal, ruling that the lower court had erred in sustaining Tinder’s demurrer because the complaint, as pleaded, stated a cognizable claim for violation of the Unruh Act. Because we believe that the appellate court’s reasoning was flawed as a matter of law and runs afoul of binding California precedent, on March 12, 2018, Tinder filed a petition with the California Supreme Court seeking interlocutory review of the Court of Appeal’s decision. On May 9, 2018, the California Supreme Court denied the petition. The case has been returned to the trial court for further proceedings and is currently in discovery. We and Match Group believe that the allegations in this lawsuit are without merit and will continue to defend vigorously against it.
Bumble Claims against Match Group, LLC
On March 28, 2018, Bumble and its parent company filed a lawsuit against Match Group, LLC ("Match") in state court in Texas. See Bumble Trading, Inc. and Bumble Holding, Ltd. v. Match Group, LLC, No. DC‑18‑04140 (160th Judicial District Court, County of Dallas). The petition alleged that Match wrongfully obtained confidential information from the plaintiffs in connection with a potential Bumble sale process and filed an intellectual property lawsuit in federal court against Bumble in bad faith to undermine that process. The petition asserted claims for tortious interference with business relationships, fraud, misappropriation of trade secrets, unfair competition, promissory estoppel and disparagement. The petition sought damages in excess of $400 million and an injunction against interference with the plaintiffs’ prospective business relationships or use of their confidential information. Match removed the case to federal court, and the case was later transferred to the federal court where Match's intellectual property lawsuit against Bumble is pending. See Match Group, LLC vs. Bumble Trading Inc., No. 6-18-cv-80 (U.S. District Court, Western District of Texas). On February 28, 2019, Match and Bumble entered into an agreement pursuant to which Bumble dismissed, with prejudice, all allegations in its petition, and Match dismissed, with prejudice, its patent infringement claim based upon its design patent (U.S. Patent D798,314). Under the agreement, Match also dismissed, without prejudice, its remaining claims and counterclaims asserted in response to Bumble's lawsuit. On March 5, 2019, the court entered an agreed dismissal closing the case brought by Bumble.



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On April 10, 2019, Bumble alleged various counterclaims in Match's intellectual property lawsuit, including claims for fraud, negligent misrepresentation, unfair competition, promissory estoppel, and interference with prospective business relations, based upon the allegation that Match and IAC misled Bumble in its sale process by falsely misrepresenting they would make a higher offer to purchase Bumble. On May 1, 2019, Match and IAC filed a motion to dismiss those counterclaims. We believe that Bumble's counterclaims are not material to IAC or Match and are without merit and will continue to vigorously defend against them.
Tinder Optionholder Litigation against IAC and Match Group
On August 14, 2018, ten then-current and former employees of Match or Tinder, an operating business of Match Group, filed a lawsuit in New York state court against IAC and Match Group. See Sean Rad et al. v. IAC/InterActiveCorp and Match Group, Inc., No. 654038/2018 (Supreme Court, New York County). The complaint alleges that in 2017, the defendants: (i) wrongfully interfered with a contractually established process for the independent valuation of Tinder by certain investment banks, resulting in a substantial undervaluation of Tinder and a consequent underpayment to the plaintiffs upon exercise of their Tinder stock options, and (ii) then wrongfully merged Tinder into Match Group, thereby depriving one of the plaintiffs (Mr. Rad) of his contractual right to later valuations of Tinder on a stand‑alone basis. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unjust enrichment, interference with contractual relations (as against Match Group only), and interference with prospective economic advantage, and seeks compensatory damages in the amount of at least $2 billion, as well as punitive damages. On August 31, 2018, four plaintiffs who were still employed by Match Group filed a notice of discontinuance of their claims without prejudice, leaving the six former employees as the remaining plaintiffs. On October 9, 2018, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on various grounds, including that the 2017 valuation of Tinder by the investment banks was an expert determination any challenge to which is both time‑barred under applicable law and available only on narrow substantive grounds that the plaintiffs have not pleaded in their complaint. On December 17, 2018, plaintiffs filed their opposition to the motion to dismiss. On January 15, 2019, the defendants filed their reply brief. On March 6, 2019, the court heard oral arguments on the motion, which remains pending. Discovery in the case is proceeding. IAC and Match Group believe that the allegations in this lawsuit are without merit and will continue to defend vigorously against it.
FTC Investigation of Certain Match.com Business Practices
In March 2017, the Federal Trade Commission (the "FTC") requested information and documents in connection with a civil investigation regarding certain business practices of Match.com. In November 2018, the FTC offered to resolve its potential claims relating to Match.com’s marketing, chargeback and online cancellation practices via a consent judgment mandating certain changes in Match.com’s business practices, as well as a payment in the amount of $60 million. While Match Group is amenable to resolving this matter, it has informed the FTC that its requested payment is grossly excessive. We and Match Group believe that the FTC’s legal challenges to Match.com’s practices, policies and procedures are without merit and are prepared to defend vigorously against them.
Item 1A.    Risk Factors
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The use of words such as "anticipates," "estimates," "expects," "plans" and "believes," among others, generally identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements relating to: IAC's future financial performance, IAC's business prospects and strategy, anticipated trends and prospects in the industries in which IAC's businesses operate and other similar matters. These forward-looking statements are based on IAC management's current expectations and assumptions about future events, which are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict.
Actual results could differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including, among others: our continued ability to successfully market, distribute and monetize our products and services through search engines, social media platforms and digital app stores, the failure or delay of the markets and industries in which our businesses operate to migrate online, our ability to build, maintain and/or enhance our various brands, our ability to develop and monetize versions of our products and services for mobile and other digital devices, adverse economic events or trends, either generally and/or in any of the markets in which our businesses operate, our continued ability to communicate with users

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and consumers via e-mail (or sufficient means), our ability to successfully offset increasing digital app store fees, our ability to establish and maintain relationships with quality service professionals, changes in our relationship with (or policies implemented by) Google, foreign exchange currency rate fluctuations, our ability to protect our systems from cyberattacks and to protect personal and confidential user information, the occurrence of data security breaches, fraud and/or additional regulation involving or impacting credit card payments, the integrity, quality, scalability and redundancy of our systems, technology and infrastructure (and those of third parties with whom we do business), changes in key personnel, our ability to service our outstanding indebtedness and interest rate risk, dilution with respect to our investments in Match Group and ANGI Homeservices, operational and financial risks relating to acquisitions and our continued ability to identify suitable acquisition candidates, our ability to expand successfully into international markets, regulatory changes and our ability to adequately protect our intellectual property rights and not infringe the intellectual property rights of third parties. Certain of these and other risks and uncertainties are discussed in IAC's filings with the SEC, including in Part I-Item 1A-Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. Other unknown or unpredictable factors that could also adversely affect IAC's business, financial condition and operating results may arise from time to time. In light of these risks and uncertainties, the forward-looking statements discussed in this report may not prove to be accurate. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which only reflect the views of IAC management as of the date of this quarterly report. IAC does not undertake to update these forward-looking statements.
Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

The Company did not issue or sell any shares of its common stock or any other equity securities pursuant to unregistered transactions during the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company did not purchase any shares of its common stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2019. As of that date, 8,036,226 shares of IAC common stock remained available for repurchase under the Company's previously announced May 2016 repurchase authorization. IAC may repurchase shares pursuant to this repurchase authorization over an indefinite period of time in the open market and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on those factors IAC management deems relevant at any particular time, including, without limitation, market conditions, share price and future outlook.

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Item 6.    Exhibits
The documents set forth below, numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K, are filed herewith, incorporated by reference to the location indicated or furnished herewith.
Exhibit
Number
Description
Location
3.1
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IAC/InterActiveCorp.
3.2
Certificate of Amendment of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IAC/InterActiveCorp (dated as of August 20, 2008).
3.3
Amended and Restated By-Laws of IAC/InterActiveCorp (amended and restated as of December 1, 2010).
3.4
Certificate of Designations of Series C Cumulative Preferred Stock.
3.5
Certificate of Designations of Series D Cumulative Preferred Stock. (1)

4.1
Indenture for 5.625% Senior Notes due 2029, dated as of February 15, 2019, between Match Group, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.

Amendment No. 3 to Google Services Agreement, dated as of February 11, 2019 (with an effective date of April 1, 2020, between the Registrant and Google LLC (1)(2)
 
Certification of the Chairman and Senior Executive pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (1)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (1)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (1)
 
Certification of the Chairman and Senior Executive pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (2)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (2)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. (2)
 
101.INS
XBRL Instance (1)
The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema (1)
 
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation (1)
 
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition (1)
 
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels (1)
 
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation (1)
 

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_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
Filed herewith.
(2)
Certain information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the Registrant if publicly disclosed.
(3)
Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated:
May 9, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
IAC/INTERACTIVECORP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ GLENN H. SCHIFFMAN
 
 
 
 
Glenn H. Schiffman
 
 
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer




 
 
 
 
Signature
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
 
/s/ GLENN H. SCHIFFMAN
Executive Vice President and
 Chief Financial Officer
 
May 9, 2019
Glenn H. Schiffman
 
 
 

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