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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Level 1 (Notes)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Service Corporation International (SCI) and all subsidiaries in which we hold a controlling financial interest. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of the merchandise and service trusts and cemetery perpetual care trusts in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. We have retained the specialized industry accounting principles when consolidating the trusts. Our trusts are variable interest entities, for which we have determined that we are the primary beneficiary as we absorb a majority of the losses and returns associated with these trusts. Although we consolidate the trusts, it does not change the legal relationships among the trusts, us, or our customers. The customers are the legal beneficiaries of these trusts; therefore, their interests in these trusts represent a liability to us.
Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited but include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals and any other adjustments, which management considers necessary for a fair statement of our results for these periods. Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in a manner consistent with the accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, unless otherwise disclosed herein, and should be read in conjunction therewith. The accompanying year-end Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year period.
Reclassifications to Prior Period Financial Statements and Adjustments
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period financial statement presentation with no effect on our previously reported results of operations, consolidated financial position, or cash flows except as described below under "Accounting Standards Adopted in 2020".
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. As a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
The components of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
176,261

 
$
186,276

Restricted cash (1):
 
 
 
Included in Other current assets
56,308

 
54,293

Included in Deferred charges and other assets, net
2,046

 
2,051

Total restricted cash
58,354

 
56,344

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
$
234,615

 
$
242,620

(1) 
Restricted cash in both periods primarily consists of proceeds from divestitures deposited into escrow accounts under IRS code section 1031 and collateralized obligations under certain insurance policies.
Receivables, net
The components of Receivables, net in our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
Atneed Funeral
 
Atneed Cemetery
 
Miscellaneous
 
Current Portion of Notes
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Receivables
$
40,644

 
$
20,601

 
$
17,478

 
$
1,826

 
$
80,549

Reserve for credit losses
(2,877
)
 
(1,617
)
 
(367
)
 
(624
)
 
(5,485
)
Receivables, net
$
37,767

 
$
18,984

 
$
17,111

 
$
1,202

 
$
75,064

 
December 31, 2019
 
Atneed Funeral
 
Atneed Cemetery
 
Miscellaneous
 
Current Portion of Notes
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Receivables
$
41,370

 
$
20,855

 
$
19,943

 
$
1,765

 
$
83,933

Allowance for doubtful accounts
(1,899
)
 
(363
)
 

 

 
(2,262
)
Receivables, net
$
39,471

 
$
20,492

 
$
19,943

 
$
1,765

 
$
81,671

Additionally, included in Deferred charges and other assets, net were long-term miscellaneous receivables, net and notes receivable, net as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
(In thousands)
Notes receivable
$
14,203

 
$
14,997

Reserve for credit losses
(7,926
)
 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 
(8,374
)
Notes receivable, net
$
6,277

 
$
6,623

 
 
 
 
Long-term miscellaneous receivables
$
7,560

 
$
7,287

Reserve for credit losses
(941
)
 

Long-term miscellaneous receivables, net
$
6,619

 
$
7,287

Our atneed trade receivables primarily consist of amounts due for funeral and cemetery services already performed. We provide reserves for credit losses for our receivables. These reserves are based on an analysis of historical trends of collection activity adjusted for current conditions and forecasts. These estimates are impacted by a number of factors, including changes in the economy and demographic or competitive changes in our areas of operation. In the first quarter of 2020, we increased our reserve for credit losses on trade and miscellaneous receivables as a result of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19). Cemetery preneed receivables are collateralized by cemetery property to the extent of the fair value of the property. Prior to adoption of the guidance on credit losses for financial instruments on January 1, 2020, we provided allowances for doubtful accounts on our receivables based on an analysis of historical trends of collection activity.
Payment on atneed contracts is generally due at the time the merchandise is delivered or the services are performed.  We also have preneed receivables, as disclosed in Note 3, for which payment generally occurs prior to our fulfillment of the performance obligations. Our preneed contracts may also have extended payment terms with associated financing charges. We do not accrue interest on preneed receivables if they are not paid in accordance with the contractual payment terms given the nature of our merchandise and services, the nature of our contracts with customers, and the timing of the delivery of our services. Generally, receivables are considered past due after thirty days. We do not consider preneed funeral receivables to be past due until the contract converts into an atneed contract at which time the preneed receivable is paid or reclassified as a trade receivable with payment terms of less than thirty days. Collections are generally managed by the locations or third party agencies acting on behalf of the locations, until a receivable is one hundred eighty days delinquent, at which time trade receivables are fully reserved.
The following table summarizes the activity in our reserve for credit losses by portfolio segment, excluding preneed receivables which are presented in Note 3, for the three months ended March 31, 2020:
 
January 1, 2020
 
Provision for Expected Credit Losses
 
Write Offs
 
Recoveries
 
Effect of Foreign Currency
 
March 31, 2020
 
(In thousands)
Trade receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funeral
$
(2,690
)
 
$
(679
)
 
$
993

 
$
(523
)
 
$
22

 
$
(2,877
)
Cemetery
(1,424
)
 
(478
)
 
214

 

 
71

 
(1,617
)
Total reserve for credit losses on trade receivables
$
(4,114
)
 
$
(1,157
)
 
$
1,207

 
$
(523
)
 
$
93

 
$
(4,494
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Miscellaneous receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
(203
)
 
$
(203
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
39

 
$
(367
)
Long-term
(715
)
 
(226
)
 

 

 

 
(941
)
Total reserve for credit losses on miscellaneous receivables
$
(918
)
 
$
(429
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
39

 
$
(1,308
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes receivable
$
(9,031
)
 
$
33

 
$
448

 
$

 
$

 
$
(8,550
)
At March 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of our miscellaneous and notes receivables by year of origination was as follows:
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
Prior
 
Revolving Line of Credit
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Miscellaneous receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
15,048

 
$
1,609

 
$
484

 
$
229

 
$
97

 
$
11

 
$

 
$
17,478

Long-term
665

 
3,609

 
1,854

 
974

 
412

 
46

 

 
7,560

Total miscellaneous receivables
$
15,713

 
$
5,218

 
$
2,338

 
$
1,203

 
$
509

 
$
57

 
$

 
$
25,038

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes receivable
$

 
$

 
$
254

 
$

 
$
98

 
$
7,030

 
$
8,647

 
$
16,029

At March 31, 2020, the payment status of our miscellaneous and notes receivables was as follows:
 
Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
<30 Days
 
30-90 Days
 
90-180 Days
 
>180 Days
 
Total
 
Current
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Miscellaneous receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
214

 
$
41

 
$
16

 
$
74

 
$
345

 
$
17,133

 
$
17,478

Long-term

 

 

 

 

 
7,560

 
7,560

Total miscellaneous receivables
$
214

 
$
41

 
$
16

 
$
74

 
$
345

 
$
24,693

 
$
25,038

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes receivable
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,214

 
$
1,214

 
$
14,815

 
$
16,029


Funeral and Cemetery Operations
Revenue is recognized when control of the merchandise or services is transferred to the customer. Our performance obligations include the delivery of funeral and cemetery merchandise and services and cemetery property interment rights. Control transfers when merchandise is delivered or services are performed. For cemetery property interment rights, control transfers to the customer when the property is developed and the interment right has been sold and can no longer be marketed or sold to another customer. Sales taxes collected are recognized on a net basis in our consolidated financial statements.
On our atneed contracts, we generally deliver the merchandise and perform the services at the time of need. Due to limitations on gatherings imposed to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, some customers have requested that we delay the memorial service until after the limitations are over. For these customers, we defer the revenue for the memorial service until it is performed. Memorial services frequently include promises to direct the service, provide facilities and motor vehicles, catering, flowers, and stationary products. All other promises on these contracts, including arrangement, removal, preparation, embalming, cremation, internment, and delivery of urns and caskets and related memorialization merchandise are fulfilled at the time of need. Personalized marker merchandise and marker installation services sold on atneed contracts are recognized when control is transferred to the customer, generally when the marker is delivered and installed in the cemetery.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
In addition to our annual review, we assess the impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be greater than the fair value. Factors that could trigger an interim impairment review include, but are not limited to, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results and significant negative industry or economic trends. As a result of economic conditions caused by the response to COVID-19, at March 31, 2020, we performed a qualitative assessment of our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Based on the qualitative assessment, we believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill reporting units exceeds their carrying value and no interim quantitative assessment of impairment is necessary for goodwill. Based on the qualitative assessment, including the amount by which fair value exceeded carrying value in our last annual test, we performed a quantitative assessment on certain of our tradenames. We recorded a $3.0 million impairment charge for certain of our tradenames during the three months ended March 31, 2020. In determining the fair value of the tradenames, we used the relief from royalty method whereby we determine the fair value of the assets by discounting the cash flows that represent a savings over having to pay a royalty fee for use of the tradenames. The discounted cash flow valuation uses projections of future cash flows and includes assumptions concerning future operating performance and economic conditions that may differ from actual future cash flows.
For our interim test, we estimated that the pre-tax savings would range from 2.0% to 5.0% of the revenue associated with the trademark and tradenames, based primarily on our research of intellectual property valuation and licensing databases. We also assumed a terminal growth rate of 1.0% and 2.4% for our funeral and cemetery segments, respectively, and discounted the cash flows at a 6.95% discount rate based on the relative risk of these assets to the overall business.
Accounting Standards Adopted in 2020
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses" to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on debt instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. During November 2018 and April 2019, the FASB made
amendments to the new standard that clarified guidance on several matters, including accrued interest, recoveries, and various codification improvements. The new standard, as amended, replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in the current standard with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to support credit loss estimates.
We adopted the new guidance as of January 1, 2020, applying a modified retrospective approach to credit loss reserves on our atneed, preneed, miscellaneous, and notes receivable and a prospective approach for credit loss reserves on our fixed income investments. As a result of the adoption, we recorded a $17.1 million increase to Retained earnings, which comprises a $26.4 million and a $5.9 million increase in Preneed receivables, net and trust investments and Deferred tax liability, respectively, and a $2.7 million and a $0.7 million decrease to Receivables, net and Deferred charges and other assets, net, respectively. The increase in Preneed receivables, net and trust investments is primarily the result of reducing the reserve for receivables that are collateralized by cemetery property down to the amount at which the amortized cost basis of the receivable exceeds the fair value of the property less costs to re-sell.
Goodwill
In January 2017, the FASB amended "Goodwill" to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. The amended
guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, impairment is defined as the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, up to the total amount of goodwill of the reporting unit. We adopted the new standard as of January 1, 2020 and it had no impact on our consolidated results of operations, consolidated financial position, and cash flows.
Fair Value Measurements
In August 2018, the FASB amended "Fair Value Measurements" to modify the disclosure requirements related to fair
value. The amendment removes requirements to disclose (1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy, (2) our policy related to the timing of transfers between levels, and (3) the valuation processes used in level 3 measurements. It clarifies that, for investments measured at net asset value, disclosure of liquidation timing is only required if the investee has communicated the timing either to us or publicly. It also clarifies that the narrative disclosure of the effect of changes in level 3 inputs should be based on changes that could occur at the reporting date. The amendment adds a requirement to disclose the range and weighted average of the significant unobservable inputs used in level 3 measurements. We adopted the new standard as of January 1, 2020 and it had no impact on our consolidated results of operations, consolidated financial position, and cash flows.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Compensation - Retirement Benefits
In August 2018, the FASB amended "Compensation - Retirement Benefits" to modify the disclosure requirements for defined benefit plans. For us, the amendment requires the disclosure of the weighted average interest crediting rate used for cash balance plans and an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period. It removes the requirement to disclose the approximate amount of future benefits covered by insurance contracts. The guidance is effective for us with our annual filing for the year ended December 31, 2020, and we will make the required disclosure changes in that filing. Adoption will not have an impact on our consolidated results of operations, consolidated financial position, and cash flows.
Reference Rate Reform
In March 2020, the FASB issued "Reference Rate Reform" to provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating our contracts and the optional expedients provided by the new standard.