20-F 1 chainata20f.htm FORM 20-F ANNUAL REPORT YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.   20549


FORM 20-F


     

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) or (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

 X  

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 Or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

OR

     

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE OF 1934

OR

     

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE OF 1934

 

Date of event requiring this shell company report …………………..

 

For the transition period from ____________to ________________

 

Commission file number 0-20386

CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

NOT APPLICABLE

(Translation of Registrant’s Name into English)

 

BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

UNIT 100 – 12051 HORSESHOE WAY, RICHMOND, BRITISH COLUMBIA   V7A 4V4

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

NONE

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

COMMON STOCK, WITHOUT PAR VALUE

(Title of Class)

 

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the

period covered by the annual report.

Common     34,698,157

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasonal issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes__ No xx

 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13

or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Yes__ No xx

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 12 or 15 (d) of the Securities and (2)

Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports)

has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes xx No__

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.

Large accelerated filer ___

Accelerated filer ___

Non-accelerated filer _xx_

 

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

Item 17 xx Item 18 __

 

If this is an annual report, indicated by check mark whether the registrants is a shell company

Yes__ No xx

 



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Chai-Na-Ta Corp.

FORM 20-F ANNUAL REPORT

FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006


TABLE OF CONTENTS


Part I

.

 3

ITEM 1

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

 3

ITEM 2

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 3

ITEM 3

KEY INFORMATION

 3

ITEM 4

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

 9

ITEM 5

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

17

ITEM 6

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

28

ITEM 7

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

32

ITEM 8

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

34

ITEM 9

THE OFFER AND LISTING

35

ITEM 10

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

37

ITEM 11

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

44

ITEM 12

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

44

 

 

 

PART II

 

44

ITEM 13

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

44

ITEM 14

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS


44

ITEM 15

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

45

ITEM 16

RESERVED

45

 

 

 

PART III

 

46

ITEM 17

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

46

ITEM 18

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

47

ITEM 19

EXHIBITS

47

SIGNATURE PAGE

49

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

50







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PART I


ITEM 1

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS


Not applicable.



ITEM 2

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE


Not applicable.



ITEM 3

KEY INFORMATION


SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA


The selected financial data of the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are derived from the consolidated financial statements of the Company which have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered Chartered Accountants as indicated in their report which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report.  The selected financial data set forth for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements.


The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, related notes thereto and other financial information included elsewhere in this report.


Table No. 1 is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company, which have been prepared in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the application of which, in the case of the Company, conforms in all material respects for the periods presented with United States GAAP, except as referred to in the footnotes to the audited consolidated financial statements.  The value of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Canadian Dollar was approximately 1.17 as of December 31, 2006.










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Table No. 1

 

 

 

Selected Financial Data

(CDN$ in 000, except Earnings/Loss per Share and Share Data)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

            

 

Year Ended

Year Ended

Year Ended

Year Ended

Year Ended

 

12/31/06

12/31/05

12/31/04

12/31/03

12/31/02

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canadian GAAP

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

5,928

5,826

7,425

16,581

16,017

Gross Profit (2)

98

338

2,571

6,368

1,674

Operating Profit (Loss) (5)

(7,462)

(11,738)

103

3,698

(31)

Net Income (Loss) (5)

(9,461)

(8,131)

80

2,551

334

Earnings (Loss) per Share – basic (5 & 6)

(0.27)

(0.23)

0.00

0.07

0.01

Earnings (Loss) per Share – diluted (5 & 6)

(0.27)

(0.23)

0.00

0.07

0.01

Weighted Average Number of Common Shares (3 & 6)


34,698

    

34,698


34,690


34,664


34,664

Diluted Number of Common Shares (4 & 6)

34,698

34,698

34,789

34,664

34,664

Dividends declared per Share

0

0

0

0

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

Working Capital

8,640

4,917

11,437

14,761

12,117

Ginseng Crops (1)

14,519

19,349

20,869

16,648

18,500

Capital Assets

5,793

6,589

9,171

6,950

6,649

Total Assets

29,693

36,751

41,341

36,119

36,212

Net Assets

14,258

23,714

31,272

31,172

28,532

Term Debt – Non Current

8,366

2,450

279

86

26

Capital Stock

38,246

38,246

38,246

38,200

38,200

 

 

 

 

 

 

US GAAP

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

5,928

5,826

7,425

16,581

16,017

Gross Profit (Loss) (2)

(5,496)

(9,082)

2,480

6,182

3,424

Operating Profit (Loss) (5)

(6,715)

(10,751)

723

4,531

1,728

Net Income (Loss)

(9,439)

(7,770)

318

3,166

1,229

Earnings (Loss) per Share- basic (5 & 6)

(0.27)

(0.22)

0.01

0.09

0.04

Earnings (Loss) per Share – diluted (5 & 6)

(0.27)

(0.22)

0.01

0.09

0.04

Dividends declared per Share

0

0

0

0

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

Working Capital

7,511

4,877

10,873

13,857

10,594

Ginseng Crops (2)

14,497

19,276

20,582

16,194

17,222

Capital Assets

5,793

6,589

9,171

6,950

6,649

Total Assets

29,669

36,706

40,709

34,951

34,210

Net Assets

14,235

23,668

30,866

30,527

27,273

Term Debt – Non Current

8,366

2,450

279

86

26

Capital Stock

39,288

39,288

39,288

39,262

39,262


1.

Ginseng plants reach maturity and can be harvested at the end of their third year of growth. Total acreage under cultivation, is 966 acres at December 31, 2006.  The Company values these plants and the acreage at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

2.

Under US GAAP, the interest capitalised into Ginseng Crops would not be eligible for capitalisation.  These amounts would be expensed in the period incurred.  For US GAAP, the write-down of inventory and certain crop costs would be included as part of cost of goods sold and therefore, the reclassification would impact reported gross profit for the period. (see audited financial statement note 20).

3.

Figures in thousands. In 2006, 10,399,149 preferred shares have been converted into common shares on a 1:1 basis. In 2003, 10,000,000 preferred shares have been converted into common shares on a 1:1 basis. In 2004, 34,500 shares were issued for stock options exercised.

4.

Options to purchase 403,300, and 437,000 shares of common stock were outstanding in 2006 and 2005 respectively but were not included in the computation of diluted number of common shares because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

5.

During 2006 and 2005, the Company incurred write-downs of $5,639,421 and $9,978,902 respectively on inventory and crop costs which caused a significant decrease in net earnings (loss) in total and on a per share basis compared to prior years.

6.

During 2006, the Company restated its weighted average number of common shares to include the common shares issuable upon the conversion of the preferred shares. Because of this, the Company also restated its basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share amounts.




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In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars (CDN$). The Government of Canada permits a floating exchange rate to determine the value of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar (US$).


Table No. 2 sets forth the rate of exchange for the Canadian Dollar for the last five years and the most recent six months.


For purposes of this table, the rate of exchange means the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.  The table sets forth the number of Canadian Dollars required under that formula to buy one U.S. Dollar.  The average rate means the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.


Table No. 2

U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar

 

Fiscal Year Ended

Average

High

Low

Close

 

12/31/06

1.13

1.19

1.10

1.17

12/31/05

1.21

1.27

1.14

1.16

12/31/04

1.30

1.39

1.20

1.20

12/31/03

1.40

1.57

1.29

1.30

12/31/02

1.57

1.61

1.51

1.58

 

Month Ended

High

Low

Close

 

02/28/07

1.18

1.16

1.17

01/31/07

1.18

1.17

1.18

12/31/06

1.17

1.14

1.17

11/30/06

1.15

1.13

1.14

10/31/06

1.14

1.11

1.12

09/30/06

1.13

1.11

1.12


The closing rate of exchange was 1.17 on February 28, 2007.


RISK FACTORS


The Company may from time to time make written or oral forward-looking statements.  Written forward-looking statements may appear in this document and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, in reports to shareholders, on the Company’s website, and other documents.  While these forward-looking statements, and any assumptions upon which they are based, are made in good faith and reflect our current judgment regarding the direction of our business, actual results will almost always vary, sometimes materially, from any estimates, predictions, projections, assumptions or other future performance suggested herein.


Such estimates, projections or other forward looking estimates involve various risks and uncertainties as outlined below.  We caution the reader that important factors in some cases have affected and could materially affect actual results in the future, and cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in any estimates, projections or other forward-looking statements.  Prospective investors should consider carefully the risk factors set out below.

Chai-Na-Ta is subject to a number of business and financial risks including: agricultural risk such as weather and disease, commodity price risk for ginseng bulk root, exchange risk (predominantly Hong Kong dollar related), the lengthy growing cycle for ginseng, interest rate risk, credit risk and the concentration of customers, and future need for financing.




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Going Concern


The Company has experienced a significant loss for the year ended December 31, 2006, due to a low selling price of ginseng and has an accumulated deficit of $24,916,111 as at December 31, 2006. The Company is closely monitoring cash resources and has received significant financing from a Canadian chartered bank and a company formerly under common control. The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependant on achieving ongoing profitable operations and the continued financial support of its creditors.


Agricultural Risks


The Company’s primary business is the cultivation and marketing of North American ginseng. Ginseng farming is subject to agricultural risks such as weather and disease and risks of low yields, poor crop quality, and crop failure. Insurance is available to cover such risks but the relatively high costs have resulted in the Company electing to self-insure.


Although the Company believes that its Integrated Crop Management System and diversification of farming operations will help mitigate risks, there can be no assurance that such policies or procedures will be effective in reducing such risks and accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows may be materially affected.


Product Pricing


The marketing of bulk and graded North American ginseng in world markets is subject to pricing risks. The price of North American ginseng may be affected by factors such as the size, shape, color, taste, and quality of the harvest for the Company and the industry at large, as well as other factors in any given year. These are factors that the Company may not be able to control in the short term. The Company’s long-term strategy is to expand the level of vertical integration throughout its operations, potentially reducing the exposure to bulk North American ginseng price fluctuations as more bulk root is sold into the value-added consumer products market.  In addition, the Company maintains economies of scale in its operations which are designed to give it a competitive advantage relative to other producers when prices decline.


North American ginseng root prices increased significantly at the beginning of the selling season in late 2003 but trended downwards in 2004 due to market adjustments and the persistent strong Canadian dollar relative to the United States and Hong Kong dollars. Management believes that this led buyers in China and Hong Kong to be cautious on subsequent purchasing decisions. In 2006, ginseng prices remained stable throughout with slight increase towards the end of the year. Although the Company believes that prices will further improve towards the end of 2007, significant changes in the supply of or demand for North American ginseng may adversely impact the price of ginseng roots and have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.


The Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China announced an order to stop the import of cultivated North American ginseng to China for the purpose of contract processing in China and then re-export. The announcement was effective on November 1, 2004. As a result, the Company believes there could be an impact on the demand for and the prices of North American ginseng; however, based on information available to date the Company does not believe that there has been a significant impact attributable to this announcement.

On July 21, 2005, the People’s Bank of China announced an increase of 2.1% in the value of the Chinese renminbi in relation to the US dollar.  The bank also announced that it will no longer fix the renminbi to the US dollar but instead will fix it to a market basket of currencies.  However, the Company is not aware of any significant impact on the demand for and the prices of North American ginseng as a result of this.





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Lengthy Growing Cycle for Ginseng


As the cycle for growing ginseng takes several years from the time of planting to the time of harvesting, our future profitability is also impacted by our ability to accurately predict demand for our products in future years.  Unanticipated decreases in demand or excess supplies in world markets could adversely affect profitability due in part to the limitation in our inability to make adjustments to the size of our crops in reaction to short term swings in supply and demand.  Consequently, if the expected yields and quality of future harvests are not realized, the Company may not be able to harvest additional ginseng in sufficient quantities or quality to compensate for the shortfall.  Lower than expected yields and quality could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.


Availability of Suitable Land


The Company leases approximately 1,076 acres and owns 270 acres of farm land in Canada of which 966 acres are currently under ginseng cultivation.  Generally, the Company uses farm land only for one ginseng crop as it is generally believed that ginseng depletes the soil of nutrients necessary for a second successful ginseng crop.  In 2005 the Company announced that it will no longer plant in British Columbia due to the continued province-wide rust problem and the downward price pressure on ginseng grown in that region.  Although the Company believes that the southern region of Ontario will continue to have available farm land that could be used for ginseng farming, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure leases on terms similar to existing leases or acquire suitable farm land at reasonable prices.  The inability to secure suitable farm land through leases or through acquisitions could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.


Credit Risk and the Concentration of Customers


The Company is exposed to credit risk on accounts receivable from customers. In order to manage its credit risk, the Company carefully monitors credit terms, and investigates credit history. Payments or deposits are usually received before shipments of inventory to the customer and credit is typically granted only to customers with established relationships or those customers which have been subject to a credit review and approval by management. When such relationships have not been established or credit reviews have not been acceptable, letters of credit may be used to secure such payment or revenues may not be recognized until collection.


The Company’s product is typically sold to major ginseng brokers in Hong Kong and a limited number of smaller customers. During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company had sales of approximately 90%, 79%, and 79% to its top four customers in each year, respectively. The Company believes that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a significant portion of its total revenue. Although the Company does not consider itself economically dependent upon any single customer or combination of customers due to the existence of other potential brokers capable of purchasing the Company’s supply, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to maintain its current significant customers or secure significant new customers on similar terms and this may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.






- 7 -



During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company had sales of approximately 79%, 79% and 83% to markets in the Far East, primarily China. The Company expects sales to markets in the Far East to continue to represent the majority, if not substantially all, of the Company’s sales. Any adverse change in the demand for ginseng from Far East markets may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.


Risks Associated with International Operations


The Company operates in international markets and conducts business in Canada (bulk root farming operations and certain bulk root sales), US (minimal sales of herbal products), and Hong Kong (bulk root sales centre in Asia). There are a number of risks inherent in the Company’s international business activities, including changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, costs and risks associated with foreign markets, differing culture and business practices, potentially adverse tax consequences, the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, war, insurrection, terrorism and other political risks and factors beyond the Company’s control.  Exchange risks are also present as currencies may fluctuate at different rates depending on economic, political and other factors. The Company mitigates its exposure to foreign currency by managing working capital and through incurring expenditures in local currencies.  To further minimize exposure to the Hong Kong dollar the Company maintains low capital investment in the region, and repatriates all surplus cash balances.  There can be no assurance, however, that adverse changes in the above noted factors will not materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.


Market for Common Shares; Potential Volatility of Stock Price


The trading prices of the Common Shares have been subject to wide fluctuations in recent years. There can be no assurance that the market price of the Common Shares will not significantly fluctuate from its current level. Furthermore, the low average trading volumes for the Company’s Common Shares may impact the liquidity of the shares or the ultimate price at which they can be sold.


The Company was advised by the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) on December 7, 2005 that the TSX was reviewing the Company’s eligibility for continued listing on TSX of the common shares of the Company. The Company was being reviewed under the Remedial Review Process and was granted 120 days to comply with all requirements for continued listing. On March 30, 2006, the Company was informed by the Toronto Stock Exchange that its shares would be suspended from trading at the close of trading on March 31, 2006, and that the shares would be delisted on April 28, 2006 as the Company had not met the continued listing requirements of the Exchange. The Company’s common shares were delisted from the Toronto Stock Exchange on March 31, 2006, which limits the Company’s ability to raise capital through the issuance of equity in the future.


Financing of Current Operations


The Company relies on the sale of inventory to fund the planting, maintenance and harvesting of ginseng crops that will be harvested in future years.  Due to the instability of the price of ginseng in 2005, the Company did not sell its usual volume of inventory as the Company could not agree on a selling price that was favorable to the Company.  To fund current operations the Company will first try and sell inventory but if the Company cannot reach acceptable selling terms the Company will attempt to fund current operations with additional financing.  There can be no assurance that capital markets will be conducive to such financing at all or on acceptable terms.  This could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.







- 8 -



Long-Term Financing


The Company has historically used term debt financing to finance capital asset acquisitions and short-term borrowings and operating lines to finance crops and working capital needs. In 2006, the Company established a four year term loan facility to refinance existing loan facilities and to finance the general working capital requirements of the Company. Interest rate risk is managed by arranging most term debt financing with fixed rates for the life of the obligations.


The Company will continue to focus on its farming and marketing initiatives and will also move forward to explore other business opportunities as resources permit.


In order to fund the financial requirements of the Company, including capital for debt repayment and funding for expansion and other activities, additional external sources of financing may be required. The amount of such funding depends on the future profitability of the Company, as well as the pricing of its products in world markets and the scale of any future expansion. The ability of the Company to issue additional equity may be impacted by the limited liquidity in the stock due to low historical trading volumes and significant percentages held by a limited number of shareholders. Further, if the Company decides to and is able to issue additional funds through public or private debt or equity financings to fund operations, new equity securities may have priority rights over existing equity security holders and the percentage ownership of current stockholders may be reduced.  Although future funding may require issues of additional debt or equity; there can be no assurance that capital markets will be conducive to such financing at all or on acceptable terms.


ITEM 4

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY


HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY


The Company and Operations


Chai-Na-Ta Corp. (“Chai-Na-Ta” and the “Registrant” or the “Company”) was incorporated on August 12, 1981, under the Canada Business Corporations Act.  The Company originally was named Chai-Na-Ta Ginseng Products Limited.  During 1994, the name was changed to Chai-Na-Ta Corp.  Chai-Na-Ta, together with its subsidiaries, is engaged in the growing, processing and marketing of North American ginseng. Ginseng, a woodland plant with species native to both China and North America, is prized for its root which has been the most valuable herb in Oriental medicine for over 2,000 years.  The vast proportion of North American ginseng is farm grown.  Based on discussion with customers, suppliers and review of available farming industry literature, the Company believes that with 966 acres currently under cultivation it is the world’s largest producer of North American ginseng.


In January 2006, the Company moved its corporate head office to: Unit 100 - 12051 Horseshoe Way, Richmond, British Columbia, V7A 4V4, the current contact person is Peter Leung, C.E.O.; and the telephone number is (604) 272-4118. The head office operations include corporate administration, corporate finance, human resources, sales and marketing, research and development and investor relations.  The Company maintains farms near Lillooet, Kamloops, and Ashcroft in British Columbia, Otterville in Ontario, and has a rented storage facility in Hong Kong.


The Company listed its common stock on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") in October 1989; the stock symbol is CC.  On March 30, 2006, the Company was informed by the Toronto Stock Exchange that its shares would be suspended from trading at the close of trading on March 31, 2006, and that the shares would be delisted on April 28, 2006 as the Company had not met the continued listing requirements of the Exchange. The Company listed its common stock on the North American Stock Dealers Automatic Quotation (“NASDAQ”) Stock Market in October 1992; the stock symbol is CCCFF. The Company’s stock was delisted from NASDAQ in April 1999 for not meeting the listing requirements.



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The Company commenced trading on the NASDAQ’s OTC Bulletin Board in April 1999.


The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd. (“CNT Farms”) is headquartered in Richmond, British Columbia and carries out the planting, growing and harvesting of the Company’s ginseng crops.  CNT Farms also handles the storage of the Company’s root inventory and manages the distribution of inventory directly to local customers or to customers in the Far East through CNT Trading (Hong Kong) Limited.  CNT Farms also carries out crop research through its agricultural staff.


The Company also has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Unique Formulations Inc. (“Unique”) which previously operated out of Portland, Oregon as a wholesaler of ginseng and non-ginseng based herbal products to the U.S. market.  As part of the Company’s efforts to reduce operating costs, the Portland office was closed in November 1999 and the operations were then administered from the head office in British Columbia, Canada. The company has been inactive since 2003.


The Company incorporated its wholly-owned subsidiary, CNT Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“CNT HK”), on October 13, 1999 to carry out direct marketing, sales and distribution functions for North American ginseng in Hong Kong for distribution through Asia. CNT HK sells ginseng roots directly to brokers, distributors and certain customers in the Far East, primarily China, who use the bulk ginseng root for a variety of purposes.


The Company incorporated its wholly-owned subsidiary, CNT Nutraceuticals Ltd. (“CNTN”) on February 3, 2004 to operate a showroom in Richmond, British Columbia and carry out direct marketing and sales of graded roots and ginseng-based value-added products to customers in Canada. The direct marketing and operation of the showroom were scaled down in 2005 due to cash flow restraints. The operations of CNTN in the short-term will be limited to selling existing inventory and to creating custom-made ginseng products for wholesale distribution.


The Company’s principal capital expenditures incurred during 2006, 2005 and 2004 were $231,588, $373,108, and $3,717,752, respectively, which primarily related to purchases of property, plant and equipment located in Canada.


Financing


In 2000, a short-term revolving loan of $5 million was established with a company under control of the Company’s principal shareholder, Road King Infrastructure Limited (“Road King”), a Hong Kong-based publicly listed company. The loan was unsecured and bore interest at prime plus 2.5% per annum.  The outstanding balance of the loan was repaid in full on March 14, 2003.


On April 4, 2005, the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$10,000,000 from a company formerly under common control. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The Company has fully drawn this loan facility which is due April 4, 2006. The loan was refinanced on August 18, 2006 for a four year term loan facility as detailed below.


On October 13, 2005, the Company established another revolving loan facility of HK$13,200,000 from the same company formerly under common control with similar terms as noted above. The Company has fully drawn this loan facility which is due April 13, 2007. The loan was refinanced on August 18, 2006 for a four year term loan facility as detailed below.







- 10 -



On August 18, 2006, the Company established a four year term loan facility of HK$54,700,000 (approximately $8,000,000) from the same company formerly under common control. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate) or LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was used to refinance the above two existing shorter-term loan facilities and to finance the general working capital requirements of the Company.


On May 16, 2005, the Company secured a $1,500,000 non-revolving term loan bearing interest at prime plus 1.5% per annum for three years from a Canadian chartered bank. The loan is repayable in monthly instalments of $41,700 plus interest and is secured by specific property of the Company. In 2006, two lump sum payments totaling $865,000 were made on the loan from the proceeds of assets held for sale. The loan is now repayable in monthly installments of $10,000 plus interest and is secured by specific property of the Company. As at December 31, 2006, $159,700 is outstanding of which $120,000 will become due within the next twelve months.


As at December 31, 2006, subject to limitations based on the value of inventory, certain receivables and the estimated value of qualifying ginseng crops, the Company has available a $5,000,000 revolving demand operating loan with a Canadian chartered bank that bears interest at bank prime rate plus 1.25% per annum.  As at December 31, 2006, $4,310,000 (2005 - $6,400,000) had been drawn under the operating loan.


BUSINESS OVERVIEW


Ginseng Farming


There are two main types of ginseng recognised in the world.  Asian or Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), is a herb indigenous to the mountainous forests of eastern Asia.  North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a woodland plant native to North America.  Wild woodland ginseng has been harvested nearly to extinction in both the Orient and North America and this has stimulated the demand for farm grown ginseng.


Cultivated North American ginseng is grown under artificial shade with a heavy mulch of straw to replicate the conditions found on the forest floor in the hardwood forests of its native habitat.  In the late summer and early fall, the ginseng seeds are planted in raised beds, which provide the necessary drainage and solar warming of the soil during the spring.  After the straw mulch is applied to conserve moisture and to protect the plants from hard frosts, the shade structure is erected over the plants.  The shade cloth is left off the gardens in the spring to allow the soil to warm in the sun.  As the plants emerge and the sun gets stronger, the shade cloth is put in place to provide the optimum growing environment for a healthy crop.  The shade cloth is removed in the winter months to allow snow cover so that the root remains dormant over the winter.  This annual cycle is repeated until the third or fourth year when the root is harvested, typically using mechanical methods.


Historically, the Company has chosen to farm in two areas, British Columbia and Ontario. The arid interior of southern British Columbia is characterised by extremely dry air and frequent breezes that keep humidity in the gardens low and the leaves dry. This reduces the risk of leaf blights and root rots. Although southern Ontario has higher humidity and rainfall than southern British Columbia, the sandy tobacco land allows good drainage, resulting in exceptional growth rates and high quality root. Careful selection of farm sites and scrupulous attention to garden drainage and ventilation substantially reduces the Company's farming risks, while taking advantage of the excellent growing conditions. As described below, the Company’s ongoing problem in British Columbia with rusty roots, an aesthetic problem that decreases the perceived value of the root but does not affect its medicinal properties, led to the decision in 2005 to permanently discontinue planting in British Columbia.






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The Company conducts an extensive battery of tests on each garden to determine water retention characteristics, pH and plant nutrient levels. The Company then adjusts soil fertility and pH to optimum levels for ginseng growth.  Once the crop is seeded, the Company's "Integrated Crop Management" program operates seven days a week to monitor and adjust the following factors that are critical to optimum root growth: plant nutrients, soil moisture and temperature. As the root crop is harvested, the condition and yield of each garden is measured, to permit re-evaluation of the production system.


As at December 31, 2006, the Company has under lease 1,076 acres and owns 270 acres of farmland of which 966 are under ginseng cultivation. The southern region of Ontario has abundant farm land that could be used for ginseng farming and lease costs are relatively low. In British Columbia land suitable for ginseng cultivation is scarce and leases are expensive. This availability is important because farm land is usually used for only one ginseng crop, the growing of which is generally believed to deplete the soil of nutrients necessary for a second successful ginseng crop.


With 966 acres currently under cultivation, 533 in Ontario and 433 in British Columbia, the Company will continue to plant in the Ontario growing region.  However, due to the continued rusty root problem and the downward price pressure of ginseng grown in British Columbia, the Company decided in the latter half of 2005 to stop planting in British Columbia and to close its British Columbia operations after the projected final harvest in 2008.  The Company planted 40 acres in 2006, significantly less than in prior years, because of its decision to discontinue planting in British Columbia and to reserve its financial resources for maintaining the existing plantings.  The Company does not anticipate significantly increasing its plantings in Ontario therefore the number of acres being harvested will decrease significantly after the British Columbia operation has been closed



Table No. 3

Ginseng Farming Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 



Calendar

New

Acreage Planted

Total

Acres Under Cultivation


Acres Harvested

Harvest

Yield in lbs

Per Acre

Total

Harvest

in lbs

2006

40

966

311

2,576

801,662

2005

188

1,240

352

2,240

787,402

2004

460

1,431

240

2,116

506,626

2003

354

1,211

370

2,096

775,630

2002

304

1,284

359

2,666

956,996

2001

329

1,339

346

2,816

975,577

2000

289

1,356

366

2,612

957,431

1999

358

1,433

404

2,685

1,083,643

1998

413

1,479

402

2,799

1,130,790

1997

367

1,468

369

2,247

829,433



Medicinal Properties


Ginseng is sold in capsule, slice, tablet, tea, powder, extract, whole root form and as additives to various consumer products.  The amount of active ingredients (ginsenosides) varies with each product and each brand.  Though it is not a rule, extracts generally contain the highest concentration of active ingredients, followed by capsules, powders, tablets, slices, whole roots, and teas.


Western medicine does not recognise ginseng's medicinal properties; however scientific study of ginseng began in the early 19th century.  The chemical component of ginseng is very complex and varies in different species and from the different processing methods used.  Asian and North American ginseng are similar in chemical composition.  They both contain ginsenosides, which are recognized as the main active ingredients in ginseng but the amount and quality of the ginsenosides varies between the two species.  In addition to the more than 30 ginsenosides identified by scientists around the world, other



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elements such as fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals have been discovered in different parts of the ginseng plant.  Many of these non-ginsenoside components are believed to have immunity enhancing and hypoglycaemic activities.


While Western medicine remains unconvinced of ginseng's effectiveness, millions of users around the world believe in the plant's therapeutic powers.  Ginseng has been regarded as an important health product in many Asian cultures for over 2,000 years. Some of the perceived benefits of North American ginseng include:

·

Reduced stress/relaxant;

·

Regulated blood sugar;

·

Strengthened immune function;

·

Antioxidant (anti-aging);

·

Hypotensive;

·

Enhanced mental activity; and

·

Synergized activity of anti-cancer drugs.


Competition


The Company produces North American ginseng, which is a distinctly different product from the consumer’s perspective from Asian ginseng grown in Korea and China.  In world markets, North American ginseng represents about 20% of the total ginseng sold.  Based on information obtained through discussion with customers, suppliers and review of available farming industry literature, management estimates that the Company produces approximately 15% of the total North American ginseng supply annually.


Competitors currently producing North American ginseng consist primarily of hundreds of small growers (five to ten acres) located in southern Ontario, central British Columbia and Wisconsin and one large publicly-traded company.


The Company competes through the production of high quality products (including larger four year old root), lower production costs achieved through economies of scale and an extensive marketing and distribution network serving customers in Hong Kong and the Far East.


Marketing and Customers


The Company’s product is typically sold to major ginseng brokers in Hong Kong and a limited number of smaller customers. The marketing efforts to customers in Hong Kong and the Far East, primarily mainland China, are conducted through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary CNT Trading (Hong Kong) Limited.  During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company had sales of approximately 79%, 79%, and 83%, respectively, to its major customers located in Hong Kong. Although the Company believes that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a significant portion of its total revenue, the Company does not consider itself economically dependent upon any single customer or combination of customers due to the existence of other potential brokers capable of purchasing the Company’s supply.


Transfer prices between all the companies in the group are determined based on estimated world market prices at the transaction dates. Market prices are established with reference to various ginseng brokers in Hong Kong and comparable sales to third parties.



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Manufacturing/Processing


Canadian farming and processing operations, conducted through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, CNT Farms., consist of farming, including cultivation, harvesting, washing and drying the root prior to export or sale to the local market.  Substantially, all of the Company’s sales during 2006, 2005 and 2004 involved the sale of bulk root.  


The industry as a whole has a limited supply of seed for new plantings.  The supply of seeds comes from those picked each year from mature plants under cultivation.  The seeds are living embryos that must be planted in the following year. As seed cannot be stored for more than one year, its limited shelf life can cause some barrier for future planting.


Manufacturing and processing of value-added products in North America is contracted out to third party manufacturers through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary CNTN in Canada. Activities in recent years have consisted of a limited amount of sales of herbal health products to distributors in Canada


Canada And Foreign Sales/Assets


During 2006, the Company earned $1.3 million in sales in Canada, and $4.7 million in sales in the Far East.


During 2005, the Company earned $1.2 million in sales in Canada, and $4.6 million in sales in the Far East.


During 2004, the Company earned $1.3 million in sales in Canada, and $6.1 million in sales in the Far East.


As at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, over 99% of the Company’s long lived assets were in Canada.






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Research and Development


The Company has developed, and in 2000 trademarked, CNT 2000Ò, a standardized North American ginseng extract.  Standardization enables the Company to conduct scientific studies on the efficacy of North American ginseng and makes all the studies comparable with each other. The standardization of North American ginseng enables the Company to proprietize its products and facilitate global product registration under different regulatory environments. Finally, standardization puts the Company in the strategic position to further diversify its markets.


The Company had entered into an agreement to contribute funding to a university in Canada to support a rusty root research project but was discontinued in 2005 due to capital constraints of the Company. Total amounts expended on research and development activities during the years ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were $NIL, $46,925 and $61,725 respectively.


Staffing


As at December 31, 2006, the Company employed approximately 21 salaried full-time people in its operations world-wide.  The Company may hire up to 200 persons for seasonal work in the ginseng farms and for production work in its processing facilities.


Seasonality


The Company’s business is highly seasonal, with harvesting and planting activities typically occur during the last two quarters of each year although certain limited harvests may take place in the spring.  Historically, fall harvests were sold primarily during the fourth quarter and the first two quarters of the subsequent year leading to significant seasonal variations in the volume of sales, inventory and crop costs.


ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE


As at December 31, 2005, Road King, through its subsidiary Herb King International Limited, held about 77% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares and 100% of the Company’s issued and outstanding preferred shares. On September 1, 2006, Herb King exercised its right to convert 10,399,149 preferred shares of the Company into an equivalent number of common shares, thereby raising its holdings of the Company’s common shares to 84%. On December 7, 2006, Road King distributed its entire holding of the common shares of the Company to its shareholders by way of a special interim dividend. As a result of the distribution, Wai Kee Holdings Limited (“Wai Kee”) became the largest single shareholder of the Company and holds about 38% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares as at December 31, 2006. Wai Kee is a Hong Kong based publicly traded company, with its core business in investment holdings.


As of December 31, 2006 the Company has the following wholly-owned subsidiaries:


a)

Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd. (“CNT Farms”)
incorporated on February 28, 1994 in British Columbia, Canada

b)

Chai-Na-Ta International Ltd. ("CNTI") (Inactive)
incorporated on January 18, 1994 in Barbados

c)

Chai-Na-Ta (Asia) Ltd. (“CNTA”) (Inactive)
incorporated on October 26, 1992 in Barbados

d)

North American Ginseng Enterprises Limited (“NAGEL”) (Inactive)
incorporated on July 6, 1990 in Hong Kong

e)

CNT Nominees Limited. (Inactive)
incorporated on August 6, 1999 in the British Virgin Islands

f)          CNT Trading (Asia) Limited. (Inactive)
incorporated on October 17, 2000 in the British Virgin Islands

g)         CNT Trading (Hong Kong) Limited (“CNT HK”)
            incorporated on October 13, 1999 in Hong Kong



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h)         Unique Formulations Inc. (“UF”) (Inactive)
            incorporated on April 21, 1993 in Oregon, USA

i)          CNT Nutraceuticals Ltd. (“CNTN”)

Incorporated on February 3, 2004 in British Columbia, Canada


An organisation chart of the Company and its affiliates is included in the exhibit (8.1).


PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


The Company's executive office is located in rented premises of approximately 3,000 square feet at Unit 100 - 12051 Horseshoe Way, Richmond, British Columbia V7A 4V4.  Other office facilities include farm offices located on its farm sites in Cherry Creek, British Columbia, and Otterville, Ontario.  CNT HK's offices and storage are located in rented premises in Hong Kong.


During 2005, the Company entered into two separate agreements to sell both its corporate head office located in Richmond, British Columbia and to sell a parcel of agricultural land near Walhachin, British Columbia to help alleviate cash flow constraints.  Both agreements were completed in January 2006.


The Company holds 1,076 gross acres of farmland under lease in British Columbia and Ontario (Table No. 4) and owns 220 acres of farm land near Kamloops, British Columbia and a 50 acre farm near Otterville, Ontario.  The Kamloops farm cultivates ginseng and is the location of the British Columbia office of CNT Farms.  In 2004, the Company developed a processing facility on the Otterville farm at a total cost of approximately $1.6 million. Beginning in 2004, all Ontario harvested roots have been processed in the new facilities, thereby reducing transportation and handling costs. Currently, 966 acres of the agricultural land held by the Company is under cultivation for the production of ginseng.


The Company will continue to plant in the growing regions in Ontario. However, due to the continued rusty root problem and the downward price pressure of ginseng grown in British Columbia, the Company decided in the latter half of 2005 to stop planting in British Columbia and expects to close its British Columbia operations after the projected final harvest in 2008. New seeding was 40 acres for 2006, 188 acres for 2005, and 460 acres for 2004.  The reduced seeding in 2006 was due to the decision to discontinue planting in British Columbia and to reserve its financial resources for maintaining the existing plantings.  The Company does not anticipate planting additional acreage in Ontario to compensate for the discontinuation of planting in British Columbia. The Company believes that the current levels of leased and owned lands as well as the lands under cultivation are sufficient to meet the Company’s needs.


The Company cultivates ginseng primarily on leased land.  Agricultural land is normally leased for a 5 year period and land rentals are approximately CDN$450 per year per acre.




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Table No. 4

Agricultural Land Leases

 

 

 

 

Name

Location

Gross Acreage

Expiration

 

 

 

 

Adam

Norwich, Ontario

111.0

12/31/2007

Ash

Norwich, Ontario

51.0

12/31/2008

Ash

Norwich, Ontario

5.0

12/31/2010

Deconinck

Norwich, Ontario

19.2

12/31/2008

Farmer

Kamloops, British Columbia

30.5

03/01/2008

Grim

Otterville, Ontario

13.5

04/01/2008

GVRD

Ashcroft, British Columbia

51.8

04/13/2008

Halfway

Lillooet, British Columbia

41.6

12/31/2007

Halfway

Lillooet, British Columbia

90.0

12/31/2008

Harper Ranch

Kamloops, British Columbia

91.7

12/31/2007

Harper Ranch

Kamloops, British Columbia

91.3

12/31/2008

Konigshofer

Otterville, Ontario

86.0

12/31/2007

Maitz

Norwich, Ontario

41.0

12/31/2009

Maitz

Norwich, Ontario

35.0

12/31/2010

Pathy

Otterville, Ontario

67.0

12/31/2007

Pierssens

Norwich, Ontario

67.0

12/31/2008

River Ridge

Norwich, Ontario

85.0

12/31/2009

Stewart

Kamloops, British Columbia

39.2

12/31/2007

Talach

Norwich, Ontario

59.2

12/31/2008

 

 

1,076.0

 

 

 

 

 


ITEM 5

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS


Forward-looking statements


The Statements contained in this report which are not historical facts, including, but not limited to, certain statements found under this section, are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties.  The actual results of the future events described in such forward-looking statements could differ materially from those stated in such forward-looking statements.  Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the risks and uncertainties discussed in this report, and the uncertainties set forth from time to time in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the other public statements.  Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, seasonality, interest in the Company’s products, general economic conditions, consumer trends, competition, the effect of governmental regulation, prices, yields, availability of new working capital, quality of the Company’s harvest, and successful implementation of new products.  This section should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included as item 17 of this report.  These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (Canadian GAAP), which in the case of these financial statements, conform in all material respects with those in the United States (US GAAP), except as disclosed in note 18 to the consolidated financial statements.






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OPERATING RESULTS


Fiscal year ended 12/31/06 compared with year ended 12/31/05


Revenue rose 2% to $5,972,755 in 2006 from $5,825,946 in 2005. The Company’s average selling price decreased to $6 per pound in 2006 compared to about $10 per pound in 2005 but revenue increased due to an 82% increase in the volume of ginseng roots sold during the year. The lower sales price per pound was due to a larger percentage of lower quality roots being sold while the higher volume of sales is the result of a larger 2005 harvest compared to 2004. Ginseng prices have fallen over the last three years due to the strength of the Canadian dollar compared to the Hong Kong and Chinese currencies, the high amount of rusty root and the normal volatility within the ginseng industry. However, prices did remained stable throughout the last half of 2006 and have strengthened slightly in 2007.


Cost of goods sold was 98% of sales revenue in 2006 compared to 94% in 2005. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenue was about the same as the prior year due to the ginseng root sales in both years were made after the inventory had been written down to their net realizable value. The Company harvested 801,662 pounds of root in 2006, an increase of 2% from 787,402 pounds in 2005. The Company harvested 311 acres in British Columbia and Ontario, with an average yield of 2,576 pounds per acre. In 2005, the Company harvested 352 acres with an average yield of 2,240 pounds per acre. The higher yield in 2005 was due to fewer acres of three-year-old root being harvested in 2006 compared to 2005 and due to improved farming techniques enacted by management. The Company’s production cost per pound was $13 per pound in 2006 compared to $14 in 2005 which is a result of the increase in yield in 2006 compared to 2005.


Gross margin was 2% of sales revenue in 2006 compared to 6% in 2005. The low gross margins in 2006 and 2005 were due to the ginseng root sales in both years being made after the inventory had been written down to its net realizable value.


Selling, general and administrative expenses totalled $1,219,618 in 2006, a 14 % decrease from the $1,422,323 in expenses in 2005. The decrease was primarily due to the overhead cost saving measures enacted by management.


Interest on short-term debt increased to $383,781 in 2006 from $362,722 in 2005. The increase in interest on short-term debt in 2006 is due to higher interest rates on bank borrowings.


Interest on long-term debt increased to $317,095 in 2006 from $65,276 in 2005. The increase in interest on long-term debt in 2006 is due to a new $8,000,000 four year non-revolving term loan facility from More Growth Finance Limited (“More Growth”), a company formerly under common control. The new loan facility was used to fund working capital requirements and to repay $3,500,000 in borrowings that had been established over shorter terms during 2005.


Due to the continued low selling price of low grade ginseng, the Company recorded a write-down of inventory of $2,901,483 for the year ended December 31, 2006 to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its estimated net realizable value. This amount includes a $235,200 write-down of 2005 inventory realized in the second quarter of 2006 and a $2,666,283 write-down on 2006 inventory that was realized upon the completion of the 2006 harvest. The net realizable value of the inventory was estimated based on purchase commitments received for inventory on hand.


The Company recorded a write-down of $2,700,000 on ginseng crops for the year ended December 31, 2006 to reduce their carrying value to their net realizable value. This amount includes a $1,550,000 write-down on the expected 2007 harvest and a write-down of $1,150,000 on the expected 2008 harvest. The net realizable value of the ginseng crops was estimated based on the estimated yield and quality of the crops upon harvest, accumulated costs, estimated additional costs required to bring the crops to harvest and current and projected selling prices.



- 18 -




The Company also recorded a write-down of inventory, raw materials and supplies for its value-added products of $37,938 during the year ended December 31, 2006.


In 2005, the Company recorded write-downs on inventory and crop costs of $9,978,902. These write-downs reduced the carrying value of inventory and crop costs to their estimated net realizable value. The write-downs consisted of $9,736,863 on inventory which includes $2,500,000 on crop costs that were subsequently harvested in 2005, $213,127 on cancelled planting sites and $28,912 on raw materials and supplies used to produce value-added products.


In 2004, the Company recorded a $599,717 write-down on low grade ginseng roots to their estimated net realizable value. This was due to the downward trend of ginseng root prices after the winter of 2004.


In 2005, the Company recorded write-downs on assets held for sale of $246,498 include $136,210 for the Company’s head office located in Richmond, British Columbia and $110,288 for land used for planting ginseng near Walhachin, British Columbia. Both properties identified as being assets held for sale were written-down to their estimated net realizable value less costs to sell and were disposed of in January 2006.


The Company recorded other losses of $143,651 for the year ended December 31, 2006. This amount includes $154,319 in foreign exchange losses as well as $10,668 of interest and miscellaneous income. In 2005, the other losses of $481,042 included foreign exchange losses of $490,748 as well as $9,706 of interest and miscellaneous income. The foreign exchange losses realized in 2005 are mainly the result of a previously deferred exchange loss of $508,721 included in a separate component of shareholders’ equity that was realized when a long-term investment in a foreign subsidiary was repaid during the year.


The Company recorded a valuation allowance against future income tax assets of $1,855,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006 as a result of the loss incurred in 2006 and an increase in future interest expense from additional borrowings. This caused the future income tax assets to no longer be more likely than not to be recovered by the Company.


In 2006, the Company incurred a net loss of $9,460,716, or $0.27 basic and diluted loss per share, compared to the 2005 net loss of $8,131,069, or $0.23 basic and diluted loss per share. The net loss in 2006 was largely a result of low ginseng prices, the write-downs on inventory and crop costs and the provision against the Company’s future income tax assets.


In order to conform Canadian GAAP to U.S. GAAP, cost of goods sold and hence gross margins would be adjusted for differences in accounting for interest capitalized to crop costs and the presentation of the write-down of inventory and crop costs as a component of cost of sales.  Accordingly, cost of goods sold would be increased and gross margins decreased by $5,593,548 for the year ended December 31, 2006 and cost of goods sold would be increased and gross margins decreased by $9,419,508 for the year ended December 31, 2005.  In addition, the net loss would be decreased by $22,143 for the year ended December 31, 2006 and net loss decreased by $360,797 for the year ended December 31, 2005 reflecting the differences in the accounting for interest, financial instruments and write-down of inventory and related future income taxes. As a result of these adjustments, the net loss under U.S. GAAP would have been $9,438,573 for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the net loss would have been $7,770,272 for the year ended December 31, 2005. Basic and diluted loss per share under U.S.GAAP would have been $0.27 for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to basic and diluted loss per share of $0.22 for the year ended December 31, 2005.






- 19 -




Fiscal year ended 12/31/05 compared with year ended 12/31/04


Revenue fell 22% to $5,825,946 in 2005 from $7,425,037 in 2004.  The decrease in revenue was due to the price of ginseng falling throughout 2005 causing the Company’s average selling price in 2005 to decrease to about $10 per pound compared to about $21 per pound in 2004. The high average selling price in 2004 was mainly due to sales of inventory from contracts that were finalized in late 2003 or early 2004 when prices was high. The reasons for the industry-wide decrease in the price of ginseng since the beginning of 2004 include the strength of the Canadian dollar compared to the Hong Kong and Chinese currencies and the high amount of rusty root and the normal volatility within the ginseng industry. The Company increased its volume of sales by 52% in 2005 compared to 2004.


Cost of goods sold was 94% of sales revenue in 2005 compared to 65% in 2004. The increase in cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenue was due to the lower average sales price in 2005. The Company harvested 787,402 pounds of root in 2005, an increase of 55% from 506,626 pounds in 2004. The Company harvested 352 acres in British Columbia and Ontario, with an average yield of 2,240 pounds per acre. In 2004, the Company harvested 240 acres with an average yield of 2,111 pounds per acre.  The lower yield in 2004 was due to 109 acres being harvested as three-year-old root, one year less than is generally favorable for growth. The Company’s production cost per pound was $14 per pound in 2005 compared to $13 in 2004. The increased cost per pound was due to the additional costs to bring 93 acres of five-year-old root to harvest.


Gross margin was 6% of sales revenue in 2005 compared to 35% in 2004. The low gross margin in 2005 was due to the low average selling price. The margin realized on the sales in 2005 was mostly from the sale of seeds harvested in the third quarter of 2005. The higher gross margin in 2004 was largely attributable to sales of the 2003 harvest at a higher average price which were agreed to at the end of 2003 and the beginning of 2004 prior to the current observed decline in ginseng prices.


Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1,422,323 in 2005, compared to $1,757,134 in 2004. The decrease was primarily due to the reduction in the selling costs associated with the valued-added products and cost saving measures enacted by the management.


Interest on short-term debt increased to $362,722 in 2005 compared to $111,875 in 2004. The increase was due to higher bank borrowings and a loan from a company under common control as a result of the reduction in cash flow from reduced sales.


Interest on long-term debt of $65,276 was incurred on the non-revolving term loan from a Canadian chartered bank and on a loan facility from a company under common control.


In 2005, the Company recorded write-downs on inventory and crop costs of $9,978,902. These write-downs reduced the carrying value of inventory and crop costs to their estimated net realizable value. The write-downs consisted of $9,736,863 on inventory, which includes $2,500,000 on crop costs that were subsequently harvested in 2005, $213,127 on cancelled planting sites and $28,912 on raw materials and supplies used to produce discontinued value-added products.


The write-downs on assets held for sale of $246,498 include $136,210 for the Company head office located in Richmond, British Columbia and $110,288 for land used for planting ginseng near Walhachin, British Columbia. Both properties identified as being held for sale were written-down to their estimated net realizable value less costs to sell and were disposed of in January 2006.


The other loss of $481,042 included foreign exchange losses of $490,748 as well as $9,706 of interest and miscellaneous income. These foreign exchange losses realized in 2005 are mainly the result of a previously deferred exchange loss of $508,721 included in a separate component of shareholders’ equity that was realized when a long-term investment in a foreign subsidiary was repaid during the year.

The Company incurred a net loss of $8,131,069, or $0.23 basic and diluted loss per share in 2005, compared to net earnings of $80,279, or $0.00 basic and diluted earnings per share, in 2004.  The increase in net loss resulted primarily from the reduction of the gross margin on bulk root sales due to low ginseng prices and the write-downs on inventory, crop costs and assets held for sale.



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In order to conform Canadian GAAP to U.S. GAAP, cost of goods sold and hence gross margins would be adjusted for differences in accounting for interest capitalized to crop costs and the presentation of the write-down of inventory and crop costs as a component of cost of sales.  Accordingly, cost of goods sold would be increased and gross margins decreased by $9,419,508 for the year ended December 31, 2005 and cost of goods sold would be increased and gross margins decreased by $90,846 for the year ended December 31, 2004.  In addition, the net loss would be decreased by $360,797 for the year ended December 31, 2005 and net earnings increased by $237,855 for the year ended December 31, 2004 reflecting the differences in the accounting for interest, financial instruments and write-down of inventory and related future income taxes. As a result of these adjustments, the net loss under U.S. GAAP would have been $7,770,272 for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the net earnings would have been $318,134 for the year ended December 31, 2004. Basic and diluted loss per share under U.S.GAAP would have been $0.22 for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.00 for the year ended December 31, 2004.



LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES


Fiscal year ended 12/31/06 compared with year ended 12/31/05


In 2006, the cash deficit from operations was $2,112,848 compared to $4,017,939 in 2005. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2006 was $484,466 compared to a balance of $42,551 at December 31, 2005, an increase of $441,915. The increase in cash from operations in 2006 was mainly due to a decrease in the amount spent on current and long-term ginseng crops as a result of fewer acres being maintained.


The working capital position of the Company at December 31, 2006 was a surplus of $7,525,729 compared to a surplus of $4,917,442 at December 31, 2005. This increase was due to the new long-term loan facility which the Company obtained during the year from More Growth which was used in part to repay short-term borrowings.


Current and non-current crop cost expenditures before depreciation and interest totalled $7,079,231 for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $9,002,827 in 2005. The decrease in expenditures was due to savings from reduced plantings in 2006 compared to 2005 and cost saving measures enacted by management.


The Company had drawn $4,310,000 of the available $5,000,000 revolving demand operating loan with a Canadian chartered bank as of December 31, 2006. The Company incurred interest of $325,690 on the demand loan for the year which has been included in interest on short-term debt on the statement of operations.


On May 16, 2005, the Company secured a $1,500,000 non-revolving term loan for three years from the same Canadian chartered bank with an interest rate of prime plus 1.5% per annum. During 2006, two lump sum payments totaling $865,000 were made on the loan from the proceeds of assets held for sale as at December 31, 2005. The loan is repayable in monthly installments of $10,000 plus interest and is secured by specific property of the Company. As at December 31, 2006, $159,700 is outstanding of which $120,000 will become due within the next twelve months. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $18,310 of interest which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations.


On August 18, 2006, the Company established a four year term loan facility of HK$54,700,000 (approximately $8,000,000) from More Growth. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate) or LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was used to refinance already existing shorter-term loan facilities with More Growth and to finance the general working capital requirements of the Company.



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The Company has fully drawn the loan facility. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $219,878 of interest which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations and which remains accrued as at December 31, 2006.


On April 4, 2005, the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$10,000,000 (approximately $1,600,000) from More Growth. The loan was unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was refinanced on August 18, 2006 as detailed above. The Company incurred $58,091 of interest for the year which has been included in interest on short-term debt on the statement of operations.


On October 13, 2005, the Company secured an additional HK$13,200,000 (approximately $2,000,000) loan facility from More Growth. The loan was unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was refinanced on August 18, 2006 as detailed above. The Company incurred $78,907 of interest for the year which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations.


Capital expenditures of $212,488 during 2006 were mainly for the purchase of equipment and additional dryers in Ontario. The Company also acquired vehicle under purchase loan during 2006 for $19,100.


During 2006, the Company received $1,555,461 as proceeds from the disposition of assets that had been classified as held for sale as at December 31, 2005.


On March 30, 2006, the Company was informed by the Toronto Stock Exchange that its shares would be suspended from trading at the close of trading on March 31, 2006, and that the shares would be delisted on April 28, 2006 as the Company had not met the continued listing requirements of the Exchange. The Company’s common shares still trade on the NASDAQ Over the Counter Bulletin Board. The delisting of the Company’s common shares from the Toronto Stock Exchange on March 31, 2006 limits the Company’s ability to raise capital through the issuance of equity in the future.


The Company believes that its existing cash resources, together with the cash generated from future sales of inventory, available bank borrowings and the current related party borrowings, will be sufficient to meet its working capital and operating requirements for the next twelve months. If the Company cannot generate sufficient cash from its existing resources, it will become necessary to secure additional financing; however there is no assurance that additional financing will be available on terms favourable to the Company. If the Company cannot generate sufficient cash and if it cannot secure additional financing, the Company's ability to continue as a going concern will be dependant on the continuing support of the company formerly under common control and its creditors.


As at December 31, 2006 the Company had the following contractual obligations and commercial commitments:





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Table No. 5

Contractual Obligations

 

Contractual Obligations

Payments Due by Period

Total

Less Than One Year

1-3 Years

4-5 Years

After 5 Years

Long-term Debt (1)

$8,665,102

$   299,437

$   183,395

$8,182,270

$       0

Operating Leases (2)

$   252,886

$   107,743

$   128,777

$    16,366

$       0

Agricultural Land Leases (3)

$   879,135

$   511,894

$   349,063

$    18,178

$       0

Total Contractual Obligations

$9,797,123

$   919,074

$   661,235

$8,216,814

$       0


(1)

Long-term debt includes the term loan from a Canadian chartered bank at an interest rate of prime plus 1.5% per annum, the loan from More Growth at an interest rate of 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate) or LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) and various equipment purchase loans at interest rates up to 7.75% per annum. Interest payments are excluded from the contractual obligations disclosed.


(2)

Operating leases comprise of the Company’s long-term leases of equipment and vehicles.


(3)

Agricultural land leases comprise of the Company’s land rentals in British Columbia and Ontario for the cultivation of ginseng.


The following commitments are not included in the Contractual Obligations table above:


The Company has agreed to indemnify a landlord with respect to any environmental contamination for certain premises. As the Company does not expect to incur any costs in connection with this indemnification, no amounts have been accrued as of December 31, 2006.


The Company is committed to maintaining its ginseng crops from the time of initial planting to the time of harvesting which usually takes three to four years. The cost to maintain these crops is financed through the sale of inventory and available bank borrowings.


The Company has become involved in a legal proceeding as a result of an automobile accident.  The Company believes that existing insurance will be sufficient to cover any claim from this matter. While the outcome of this proceeding cannot be determined at this time, no provision has been recorded as the Company believes that the resolution of this proceeding will not have a material impact on the financial condition, earnings or cash flows of the Company.


The Company has became involved in a legal proceeding with a landlord as a result of the return of land that had been leased by the Company. The amount of the claim is not material and the Company does not expect the outcome to materially impact the financial condition, earnings or cash flows of the Company.


The Company does not have any off balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 5(e) of Form 20-F.


The Company has no significant purchase obligations as at December 31, 2006.





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Fiscal year ended 12/31/05 compared with year ended 12/31/04


The cash deficit from operations was $4,017,939 compared to $2,189,547 in 2004. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2005 was $42,551 compared to a balance of $88,627 at December 31, 2004, a decrease of $46,076.  The significant decrease in cash from operations in 2005 was mainly due to the decrease in sales net of amounts uncollected at the end of the respective years.


The working capital position of the Company at December 31, 2005 was a surplus of $4,917,442 compared to a surplus of $11,436,819 at December 31, 2004. This decrease came about mainly because of the $9,789,902 in write-downs on the inventory and crop costs and because of the increase in short-term borrowings, accounts payable and the current portion of long-term debt needed to maintain current plantings. Both the write-down of inventory and the increase in various current liabilities were due to the decrease in the selling price of ginseng.


Current and non-current crop cost expenditures before depreciation and interest totaled $9,002,827 as compared to $9,490,092 in 2004. The decrease in expenditures was due to savings from reduced plantings in 2005 compared to 2004 and cost savings measured enacted by management.


The Company had drawn $6,400,000 of the available $6,500,000 revolving demand operating loan with a Canadian chartered bank, as of December 31, 2005.  The Company has secured another $1,500,000 non-revolving term loan bearing interest at prime plus 0.5% per annum for three years from the same Canadian chartered bank with $1,208,100 outstanding as at December 31, 2005. The term loan is secured by specific properties of the Company including the two pieces of properties that are classified as assets held for sale at December 31, 2005.


On April 4, 2005 the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$10,000,000 (approximately $1.6 million) from More Growth Finance Limited, a fellow subsidiary of the Company's parent company Road King Infrastructure Limited.  The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate).  The Company has fully drawn the loan facility which is due April 4, 2006.  


On October 13, 2005, the Company secured an additional HK$13,200,000 (approximately $2.0 million) from More Growth Finance Limited.  The terms of the additional loan facility are similar to the existing loan facility with the exception of the due date which is April 13, 2007.


Capital expenditures of $163,922 during the 2005 period were mainly for the purchase of equipment and sunshade for the farms operations. The Company also acquired equipment under purchase loans during 2005 for $209,200.



CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES


The significant accounting policies are outlined within Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.  Some of those accounting policies require the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported by the Company.  The following items require the most significant judgement and involve complex estimation.






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Inventory


The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of inventory to determine if write-downs are required to state the inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value.  The determination of net realizable value reflects management’s best estimate of the expected selling price of the roots as well as consideration of qualitative factors such as size, shape, colour and taste.  The carrying value of inventory also reflects management’s expectation that the inventory will eventually be sold.  Although management does not believe that additional provisions are required to align the carrying value of certain inventory with market values, future events may indicate that the inventory is not saleable or that such inventory is not saleable at prices above carrying value.  


Ginseng crops


The Company uses the full absorption costing method to value its ginseng crops and periodically reviews the carrying value of ginseng crops for evidence of impairment in value.  Included in the cost of crops are seed, labour, applicable overhead, interest (See Note 3(e) to the consolidated financial statements) and supplies incurred to bring a crop to harvest.  The determination of impairment requires complex calculations and significant management estimates with respect to future costs to bring the crop to harvest, demand for and the market price of ginseng roots upon harvest and expectations as to the yield and quality of ginseng roots harvested.  The estimation process is further complicated by the relatively long growing cycle of three to four years and the fact that roots remain underground.  Although the Company’s assumptions reflect management’s best estimates, future events may result in materially different outcomes with respect to the recoverability of ginseng crop costs and the time required bringing the crops to harvest.


Income Taxes


The Company estimates its income taxes in each of the jurisdictions that it operates. The process involves estimating the current income tax exposure, together with assessing temporary differences from different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in future tax assets and liabilities that are included in the consolidated balance sheet to the extent that a net future income tax asset or liability exists. The valuation of any future income tax assets or liabilities is reviewed quarterly and adjusted, if necessary, by use of a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated realizable amount. The process of determining if a valuation allowance is necessary includes estimates of the recoverability of inventory and ginseng crops as detailed above. As disclosed earlier, management has determined that a valuation allowance against future income tax assets is required at this time and has included this allowance in the provision for income taxes on the statement of operations. Future events may result in a materially different outcomes than is estimated with respect to the recoverability of both inventory and ginseng crops.


Assets Held for Sale


The Company entered into an agreement to sell the corporate head office with a completion date of January 16, 2006 and another agreement to sell a piece of agricultural land located near Walhachin, British Columbia with a completion date of January 31, 2006. Both agreements were subject to the removal of certain conditions which were met and both sales were transacted on their respective completion dates. The Company has recorded these assets as assets held for sale as at December 31, 2005, and has reduced their carrying value to estimated net realizable value less selling costs.






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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS


Pronouncements from the United States


In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 159 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans - An amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)”. This Statement improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan (other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or liability in its statement of financial position and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in unrestricted net assets of a not-for-profit organization. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 158 does not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


In June 2006, the FASB issued Summary of Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - An interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. This Interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. This Interpretation is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of Summary of Interpretation 48 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets - An amendment of FASB Statement No. 140”. This Statement amends FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities, with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 156 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments - An amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This Statement amends FASB Statements No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. This Statement resolves issues addressed in Statement 133 Implementation Issue No. D1, “Application of Statement 133 to Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets.” This Statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 155 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.



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In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections – a replacement of APB Opinion No.20 and FASB Statement No. 3”. This Statement replaces AOB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3. This statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle. It also applies to changes required by an accounting pronouncement in the unusual instance that the pronouncement does not include specific transition provisions. When a pronouncement includes specific transition provisions, those provisions should be followed. This Statement is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 154 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


In September 2006, the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) released Staff Accounting Bulletin 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements”. This Bulletin expresses the views of the SEC in regards to the process of quantifying financial statements misstatements. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 154 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.


Pronouncements from Canada


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (“CICA”) Handbook Section 1530 – Comprehensive Income. This Section establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income. It does not address issues of recognition or measurement for comprehensive income and its components. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 1651 – Foreign Currency Translation which replaces Section 1650. This Section establishes standards for the translation of transactions of a reporting enterprise that are denominated in a foreign currency and financial statements of a foreign operation for incorporation in the financial statements of a reporting enterprise. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 3051 - Investments which replaces Section 3050. This Section establishes standards for accounting for investments subject to significant influence and for measuring and disclosing certain other non-financial instrument investments. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 3251 - Equity which replaces Section 3250. This Section establishes standards for the presentation of equity and changes in equity during the reporting period. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the changes to CICA Handbook Section 3855 – Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement and to adopt Section 3861 – Financial Instruments – Disclosure and Presentation which replaces Section 3250. Section 3855 establishes standards for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives. Section 3861 establishes standards for presentation of financial instruments and non-financial derivatives, and identifies the information that should be disclosed about them. The adoption of these standards is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the changes to CICA Handbook Section 3865 - Hedges. This Section establishes standards for when and how hedge accounting may be applied. The adoption of these standards is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.





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Effective January 1, 2008, the Company will be required to adopt the changes to CICA Handbook Section 1535 – Capital Disclosures. This Section establishes standards for disclosing information about an entity's capital and how it is managed. The adoption of these standards is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


ITEM 6

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES


DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT


Directors


Table No. 6 lists as of February 28, 2007, the names of all the Directors of the Company.  The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles/By-laws of the Company.


Table No. 6

Directors

 

 

Date First

Name

Age

Elected

 

 

 

William Zen

59

May, 2000

Dr. Eric Littley

52

June, 2001

Peter Leung

47

August, 2001

Leslie (Les) Lumsden (1)

61

February, 2002

Steven Hsieh (1)

52

February, 2002

Wilman Wong

51

November, 2005

Derek Zen

54

November, 2006

Brent Lau (1)

46

November, 2006


(1)

Member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors


Mr. William Zen, Director and former Chairman of the Company, is a resident of Hong Kong. Mr. Zen holds a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Business Administration degree. He has extensive experience in civil engineering, construction material and infrastructure development in Hong Kong, Taiwan and China. In addition, he is also Chairman of Road King Infrastructure Limited and Wai Kee Holdings Limited - both companies listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Mr. Zen also serves as a director and officer of numerous other public and private companies. He is the brother of Mr. Derek Zen.


Dr. Eric Littley, Director of the Company, is a resident of British Columbia, Canada. Dr. Littley has a diverse background in the management of crops and plant diseases, and is one of the most experienced researchers working in ginseng today. He holds a Master degree in Pest Management and a Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from the Centre for Pest Management at Simon Fraser University. His background includes 10 years leading the R & D efforts with Chai-Na-Ta Corp. and 5 years as a consultant to specialty crop growers in Canada and the U.S.


Mr. Peter Leung, Director and Officer of the Company, is a resident of Ontario, Canada. Mr. Leung holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Pharmacy and was a former President of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Society in Ontario.



Mr. Leslie (Les) Lumsden, Director of the Company, is a resident of British Columbia, Canada. Mr. Lumsden has retired after working 36 years for a major Canadian bank. His focus was as a senior account manager in the agricultural sector, primarily in ginseng farming.



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Mr. Steven Hsieh, Director of the Company, is a resident of British Columbia, Canada. Mr. Hsieh is a member of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, U.K., and of the Certified Financial Planners of Canada. He is in public practice as a Certified Management Accountant in Vancouver, British Columbia.


Mr. Wilman Wong, Director and Officer of the Company, is a resident of British Columbia, Canada. Mr. Wong is a fellow member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and associate member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Wong has over 20 years experience in auditing, taxation, secretarial and financial management


Mr. Derek Zen, Chairman of the Company, is a resident of Hong Kong. Mr. Zen is the executive director of Road King Infrastructure Limited since its establishment. He is also the Vice Chairman of Wai Kee Holdings Limited and the Chairman of Build King Holdings Limited – both companies listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.  He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering and a Master of Business Administration degree. He is a Chartered Engineer and is a member of the Institution of Civil Engineer and is a fellow member of the Institute of Quarrying, UK. Mr. Zen has over 30 years of experience in civil engineering industry. He is the brother of Mr. William Zen.


Mr. Brent Lau, Director of the Company, is a resident of Hong Kong. Mr. Lau is the Director and Chief Executive Officer of APAC Resources Limited – a company listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. He is also executive director of BH Capitalink Development Limited. He holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree and has over 20 years of experience in corporate administration and operation management, money lending and securities trading business.  


Officers


Table No. 7 lists as of February 28, 2007 the names of all of the Executive Officers of the Company.  The Executive Officers are elected annually by the Directors following the Annual General Meeting and serve until the earlier of their resignation or termination with or without cause by the Directors.  Each Executive Officer has continuously served in his respective position from the date indicated in Table No. 7 unless otherwise indicated in his resume data following Table No.7.


Table No. 7

Executive Officers

 

Name

Age

Title

Date First Affiliated

 

Peter Leung

47

CEO

July, 2006

Wilman Wong

51

CFO & Corporate Secretary

June, 2000


Mr. Peter Leung, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is a resident of Ontario, Canada. Mr. Leung holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Pharmacy and was a former President of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Society in Ontario.


Mr. Wilman Wong, Chief Financial Officer/Corporate Secretary, and an Officer of the Company, is a resident of British Columbia, Canada. Mr. Wong is a fellow member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and associate member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Wong has over 20 years experience in auditing, taxation, secretarial and financial management.


There are no arrangements or understanding between any two or more Directors or Executive Officers.




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COMPENSATION


The Company has a standard arrangement for compensating its Directors for their service in their capacity as Directors. In addition, Directors may be granted stock options.  Directors received compensation during the year ended December 31, 2006, for their services as a Director including committee participation and/or special assignments as described below.


The Company also grants stock options to Executive Officers and employees from time to time.


Table No. 8 lists the compensation during the year ended December 31, 2006, for Executive Officers and Directors.



Table No. 8

Director/Officer Compensation

Year Ended December 31, 2006

 

 

 

Option Exercise

Total

Officer/Director

Salary/Bonus/Other

Net Market Value

Compensation

 

Peter Leung

$67,772

$0

$67,772

Wilman Wong

106,021

$0

106,021

Other Directors/Officers 5

  25,115

  $0

    25,11

Total

$198,908

$0

$198,908


Option Exercise Net Market Value is computed by subtracting the cost of exercising the stock option from the market value of the respective shares of common stock on the date of exercise.  106,300 stock options had been granted to officers/directors as at December 31, 2006.


No funds were set aside or accrued by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2006 to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for Directors or Executive Officers.


The Company has no plans or arrangements in respect of remuneration received or that may be received by Executive Officers of the Company in the year ended December 31, 2006 to compensate such officers in the event of termination of employment (as a result of resignation, retirement, change of control) or a change of responsibilities following a change of control.


BOARD PRACTICES


All directors hold office until the next annual general meeting of shareholders, which generally is in May of each calendar year, or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified or their positions are earlier vacated by resignation or otherwise.  All executive officers are appointed by the Board and serve at the pleasure of the Board.  


The Audit Committee of the board of directors reviews, acts on and reports to the board of directors with respect to various auditing and accounting matters, including the selection of our auditors, the scope of the annual audits, fees to be paid to the auditors, the performance of our independent auditors and our accounting practices.  Our Audit Committee consists of Mr. Steven Hsieh, Mr. Les Lumsden and Mr. Brent Lau.






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The Farm Review Committee of the board of directors reviews and reports to the board with respect to Ontario Farm operations, including land selection recommendation and site inspection, farm policy and plant science techniques recommendation; quarterly review of farm operations to ensure acceptable cultural maintenance practices are maintained. The Committee consists of Mr. Les Lumsden, Mr. Eric Littley and Mr. Peter Leung.


The Company does not currently have a remuneration or compensation committee.


EMPLOYEES


During fiscal 2006, the Company employed 25 persons on a full time basis and 170 persons on an hourly basis.


During fiscal 2005, the Company employed 31 persons on a full time basis and 170 persons on an hourly basis.


During fiscal 2004, the Company employed 31 persons on a full time basis and 213 persons on an hourly basis.


The Company is not a party to any material labour contract or collective bargaining agreement.


SHARE OWNERSHIP


Table No. 9 lists the share ownership in the Company by the Executive Officers and Directors as at February 28, 2007.


Table No. 9

Share Ownership of Directors/Officers as at February 28, 2007

 

Officer/Director

Title

Approximate Number of Shares

William Zen

Director

(1)

Derek Zen

Director

(1) & (2)

Peter Leung

CEO

-

Wilman Wong

CFO/Corporate Secretary

-

Other Directors

2,000


(1) 10,047,236 and 3,168,000 common shares of the Company are owned by ZWP Investments Limited and Groove Trading Limited, respectively, of which William Zen and Derek Zen are Directors.

(2) Derek Zen holds 253,728 common shares of the Company.


STOCK OPTIONS


The Company has a total of 785,000 shares reserved for issue under the Plan. As of February 28, 2007, options to purchase 388,100 shares were outstanding while 159,268 options remain available for issuance under the Plan.


In May 1997, the shareholders approved a stock option plan (“the Plan”), and all outstanding options to directors, officers and service providers were brought within the purview of the Plan.  

Shareholder approval will no longer be required for each grant, as has been the case in the past, but will continue to be required as regards to any amendment to the Plan.






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The Plan has restrictions as follows:


1.

the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to stock options granted to insiders shall not exceed 10% of the outstanding issue;

2.

there shall not be issued to insiders, within a one-year period, a number of shares exceeding 10% of the outstanding issue; or

3.

there shall not be issued to any one insider and such insider’s associated parties, within a one year period, a number of shares exceeding 5% of the outstanding issue.


The names and titles of the Directors and Executive Officers of the Company to whom outstanding stock options have been granted and the number of common shares subject to such options is set forth in Table No. 10 as of February 28, 2007, as well as the number of options granted to employees and all others as a group.  The exercise price of the options is stated in Canadian dollars.


Table No. 10

Share Purchase Options Outstanding at February 28, 2007

 

CDN$

# of Shares of

Exercise

Expiration

Name

Title

Common Stock

Price

Date

 

Wilman Wong

Director/CFO

34,300

0.7300

12/15/2008

Steven Hsieh

Director

18,000

0.7300

12/15/2008

Eric Littley

Director

18,000

0.7300

12/15/2008

Peter Leung

Director/CEO

18,000

0.7300

12/15/2008

Leslie Lumsden

Director

18,000

0.7300

12/15/2008

 

Employees (13 persons)

281,800

0.7300

12/15/2008

 

Total Officers/Directors/Employees/Others

388,100

0.7300


The Company proposed to adopt a new Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) which received approval by the Board of Directors on March 12, 2003. The new Plan was proposed in order to accommodate Road King Infrastructure Limited (“Road King”), a significant shareholder of the Company which held approximately 62% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares at that time. As a listed issuer of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “SEHK”), Road King is required to ensure that any grants of incentive stocks option by the Company comply with the more restrictive requirements of the SEHK. The new Plan did not ultimately assist Road King in complying with SEHK requirements. This being the case, the Company’s management decided not to implement the proposed new Plan and to leave the existing stock option plan of the Company in place and issued the options under the existing plan.


ITEM 7

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS


MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS


The Company is a publicly owned corporation, the shares of which are owned by Canadian residents, US residents, and residents of other countries. As of December 31, 2006 (latest record date), the following persons and/or companies held 5% or more beneficial interest in the Company's outstanding common stock.




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ZWP Investments Limited (1)

10,047,236 (28.96%) common shares

Groove Trading Limited (1)

3,168,000 (9.13%) common shares

Hover Limited

7,011,318 (20.21%) common shares


(1) ZWP Investments Limited and Groove Trading Limited are subsidiaries of Wai Kee.


The authorized capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number of shares of common stock without par value of which 34,698,157 were issued/outstanding as of December 31, 2006 and 21 million Series 1 non-voting, non-cumulative preferred shares convertible into common shares on a 1:1 basis of which none were issued/outstanding at December 31, 2006.


All of the authorized shares of the Company's common stock are of the same class and, once issued, rank equally as to dividends, voting powers, and participation in assets.  Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be acted upon by the shareholders.  Holders of common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors, at its discretion, out of funds legally available therefore.


Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of common stock are entitled to receive on a pro rata basis the assets of the Company, if any, remaining after payments of all debts and liabilities, including settlement of the preferred shares.  No shares have been issued subject to call or assessment.  There are no pre-emptive or conversion rights and no provisions for redemption or purchase for cancellation, surrender, or sinking or purchase funds.


Provisions as to the modification, amendment of variation of such shareholder rights or provisions are contained in the Canada Business Corporation Act.  Unless the Canada Business Corporation Act, or the Company's By-Law’s otherwise provide, any action to be taken by a resolution of the members may be taken by an ordinary resolution or by a vote of a majority or more of the shares represented at the shareholders' meeting.


The Canada Business Corporation Act contains provisions, which require a "special resolution" for effecting certain corporate actions.  Such a "special resolution" requires a two-thirds vote of shareholders rather than a simple majority for passage.  Special resolutions are required to effect a "fundamental change" as provided in Section 173 of the Canada Business Corporation Act; in addition, special resolutions would be required on an amalgamation, on a continuation, and on a voluntary dissolution.


Holders of preferred shares shall not be entitled to attend meetings of the shareholders nor shall they have any voting rights for the election of directors.  Holders shall be entitled to receive a non-cumulative dividend equal to any dividend the Board of Directors of the Company may from time to time declare and pay on each common share.  Holders shall be entitled to exercise their right to convert the preferred shares into common shares on a 1:1 basis at any time, provided a written notice is given to the Registrant. Any issued and outstanding preferred shares will automatically be converted into common shares in 2010.


In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of preferred shares shall be entitled to receive, before any distribution of any part of the assets of the Registrant among the holders of the common stock, for each preferred share the amount of $0.6804 and any dividends declared thereon and unpaid, and following such distribution, the holders of preferred shares shall be entitled to share equally and rateably without preference or distinction on a per share basis with the holders of common stock.





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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS


On April 4, 2005, the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$10,000,000 from More Growth. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The Company has fully drawn this loan facility which is due April 4, 2006. On October 13, 2005, the Company established another revolving loan facility of HK$13,200,000 from More Growth with similar terms except the due date. The Company has fully drawn this loan facility which is due April 13, 2007. Both of these loans were repaid upon the Company receiving the new term loan facility on August 18, 2006.


On August 18, 2006, the Company established a four year term loan facility of HK$54,700,000 (approximately $8,000,000 million) from More Growth. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate) or LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was used to refinance existing loan facilities and to finance the general working capital requirements of the Company.


On December 7, 2006, the major shareholder of the Company distributed its entire holding of the common shares of the Company to its shareholders by way of a special interim dividend. As a result of the distribution, the Company no longer has a single shareholder with a majority of the common shares. Wai Kee Holdings Limited (“Wai Kee”) is now the largest single shareholder of the Company and through its subsidiaries, Wai Kee holds about 38% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares. Wai Kee is a Hong Kong based publicly traded company with a core business of investment holdings. More Growth, the company that provided the term loan facility detailed above, is no longer a company under common control.


ITEM 8

FINANCIAL INFORMATION


 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Financial Statements


The Company's audited consolidated financial statements are set forth under Item 17.


Legal Proceedings


The Company has become involved in a legal proceeding as a result of an automobile accident.  The Company believes that existing insurance will be sufficient to cover any claim from this matter. While the outcome of this proceeding cannot be determined at this time, no provision has been recorded as the Company believes that the resolution of this proceeding will not have a material impact on the financial condition, earnings or cash flows of the Company.


The Company also became involved in a legal proceeding with a landlord as a result of the return of land that had been leased by the Company. The amount of the claim is not material and the Company does not expect the outcome to materially impact the financial condition, earnings or cash flows of the Company.


Other than the above, the Company does not know of any material, active or pending legal proceedings against any companies in the group, nor is the Company involved as a plaintiff in any material proceedings or pending litigation.



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Export Sales


Information regarding our export sales is provided under ‘Segmented Reporting’ in the notes to the Consolidation Financial Statements under Item 17.


Dividend Policy


Holders of our common shares and preferred shares are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors.  There can be no assurance that any dividend will be declared, or if declared, what the amounts of dividend will be or whether such dividends, once declared, will continue for any future period.


ITEM 9

THE OFFER AND LISTING


On December 7, 2005, the Company was notified by the TSX that the eligibility of the Company’s continued listing on the TSX was being reviewed. The Company was granted 120 days to comply with the requirement for continued listing. On March 31, 2006, the Toronto Stock Exchange suspended the Company’s shares from trading and delisted the common shares on April 28, 2006 as the Company had not met the continued listing requirements of the Exchange.


The Company's common stock trades on the NASDAQ Stock Market in the United States, having the trading symbol "CCCFF" (formerly "CJGPF") and CUSIP #15745J-10-6. The Company's common stock commenced trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market in October 1992 and was delisted on April 14, 1999 for not meeting the listing requirements. The Company’s common stocks commenced trading on the NASDAQ OTC Bulletin Board in April 1999 retaining the trading symbol “CCCFF”.


The following tables set forth the high/low prices on the Toronto Stock Exchange for shares of the Company's common stock for each of the last five years, each of the quarters in the two most recently completed fiscal years and monthly for each of the most recent six months.


  Toronto Stock Exchange Stock High/Low Prices

                           (CDN Dollars)

 

Year

Ended

 High

Low

 

12/31/06

N/A

N/A

12/31/05

$0.68

$0.21

12/31/04

1.43

0.50

12/31/03

1.04

0.26

12/31/02

0.49

0.18

 

Quarter

Ended

High

Low

 

12/31/06

N/A

N/A

09/30/06

N/A

N/A

06/30/06

N/A

N/A

03/31/06

0.15

0.13




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12/31/05

0.38

0.21

09/30/05

0.40

0.31

06/30/05

0.49

0.30

03/31/05

0.68

0.45

 

 

Month

Ended

High

Low

 

02/28/07

N/A

N/A

01/31/07

N/A

N/A

 

12/31/06

N/A

N/A

11/30/06

N/A

N/A

10/31/06

N/A

N/A

09/30/06

N/A

N/A



The following tables set forth the high/low prices on NASDAQ OTC Bulletin Board for shares of the Company's common stock for each of the last five years, each of the quarters in the two most recently completed financial years and monthly for each of the most recent six months.


NASDAQ Stock High/Low Prices

 

(US Dollars)

 

 

Year

Ended

High

Low

 

NASDAQ OTCBB:

 

12/31/06

$0.20

$0.03

12/31/05

0.50

0.11

12/31/04

1.24

0.38

12/31/03

0.90

0.10

12/31/02

0.22

0.06

 

 

Quarter

Ended

High

Low

 

NASDAQ OTCBB:

 

12/31/06

0.14

0.03

09/30/06

0.20

0.05

06/30/06

0.20

0.05

03/31/06

0.20

0.08

 

12/31/05

0.28

0.11

09/30/05

0.50

0.23

06/30/05

0.37

0.25

03/31/05

0.41

0.37






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Month

Ended

High

Low

 

02/28/07

0.05

0.05

01/31/07

0.09

0.07

 

12/31/06

0.09

0.08

11/30/06

0.06

0.06

10/31/06

0.03

0.03

09/30/06

0.06

0.06


The Company's common stock is issued in registered form and the following information is taken from the records of Computershare located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, the registrar and transfer agent for the common stock.


On February 28, 2007, the shareholders' list for the Company's common stock showed 1,822 registered shareholders and depositories with 34,698,157 shares outstanding.  11% of these shares are held in Canada, 11% in the United States and 78% are held internationally. Based upon the number of proxy statements and annual reports requested by shareholders and brokers for the Company's last annual shareholders' meeting and other research, the Company believes it has in excess of 3,000 beneficial owners of its common stock.


The Company's common stock is not registered to trade in the United States in the form of American Depository Receipts (ADR's) or similar certificates.

ITEM 10

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION


Directors


(a)

A director who is, in any way, directly or indirectly interested in a proposed contract or transaction with the Company shall disclose the nature and extent of his interest at a meeting of the directors in accordance with the provisions of the Canada Business Corporations Act.  A director shall not vote in respect of any contract or transaction with the Company in which he is interested, and if he shall do so, his vote shall not be counted but he may be counted in the quorum present at the meeting at which such vote is taken.


(b)

Subject to any unanimous shareholder agreement, the directors shall be paid such remuneration for their services as the board may from time to time determine.


(c)

Without limiting the borrowing powers of the Company as set forth in the Canada Business Corporations Act, the board may from time to time in such amounts and on such terms as it deems expedient to borrow money upon the credit of the Company.


(d)

No person shall be qualified for election as a director if he is less than 18 years of age and there are no provisions with respect to the retirement of a director or the non-retirement of directors under an age limit requirement.


(e)

A director need not be a shareholder but a majority of the directors shall be resident Canadians.






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Common Shares and Preferred Shares


The share capital of the Company shall consist of an unlimited number of Common Shares and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares, of which 21,000,000 shares are designated Preferred Shares, Series 1, all without par value, having the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions hereinafter described:


The Common Shares shall confer on the holders thereof and shall be subject to the following rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions:


(a)

Voting – The holders of the Common Shares shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend all meetings of the shareholders of the Company and shall have one vote for each common share held at all meetings of the shareholders of the Company, except for meetings at which only holders of another specified class or series of shares of the Company are entitled to vote separately as a class or series;


(b)

Dividends – Subject to the rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions of the Preferred Shares and any of its series as designated by the directors from time to time, the holders of the Common Shares shall, in the absolute discretion of the directors, be entitled to receive and the Company shall pay out of monies of the Company properly applicable to the payment of dividends, those dividends as may be declared from time to time in respect of the Common Shares; and


(c)

Dissolution – Subject to the rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions of the Preferred Shares and any of its series as designated by the directors from time to time, the holders of the Common Shares shall be entitled to receive the remaining property of the Company on dissolution.


The Preferred Shares shall confer on the holders thereof and shall be subject to the following rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions:


(a)

Series – The directors may issue Preferred Shares in one or more series;


(b)

Designation – The directors may by resolution amend the articles of the Company to fix the number of shares in, and to determine the designation of the shares of, each series of Preferred Shares;


(c)

Directors to Attach Rights – The directors may by resolution amend the articles of the Company to determine the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the shares of each series of Preferred Shares;


(d)

Cumulative Dividends – Where shares of one or more series of Preferred Shares are entitled to cumulative dividends, and where any cumulative dividends in respect of a series of Preferred Shares are not paid in full, the shares of all series of Preferred Shares entitled to cumulative dividends shall participate rateably in respect of accumulated dividends in accordance with the amounts that would be payable on those shares if all the accumulated dividends were paid in full;


(e)

Rateable Participation – Where amounts payable are not paid in full on a winding-up, or on the occurrence of any other event as a result of which the holders of the shares of all series of Preferred Shares are then entitled to a return of capital, the shares of all series of Preferred Shares shall participate rateably in a return of capital in respect of the Preferred Shares in accordance with the amounts that would be payable on the return of capital if all amounts so payable were paid in full;





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(f)

No Priority – No rights, privileges, restrictions or conditions attached to a series of Preferred Shares shall confer on the series priority over another series of Preferred Shares then outstanding respecting:


i.

dividends, or


ii.

a return of capital:


(1)

on a winding-up, or


(2)

on the occurrence of another event that would result in the holders of all series of Preferred Shares being entitled to a return of capital;


(g)

Additions, Changes and Removals – A directors’ resolution pursuant to paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) may only be passed prior to the issue of shares of the series to which the resolution relates, and after the issue of shares of that series, the number of shares in, the designation of and the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attached to, that series may be added to, changed or removed only pursuant to applicable provisions of the Canada Business Corporations Act;  


(h)

No Right to Vote – Except as expressly provided in the rights, privileges, restrictions or conditions which the directors may determine or attach to any series of Preferred Shares, shares of a series of Preferred Shares shall not confer on the holders thereof any right to notice of or to be present at or to vote, either in person or by proxy, at any meeting of the shareholders of the Company other than a separate meeting of the holders of the Preferred Shares, or of the holders of a series of the Preferred Shares, as the case may be.


In addition to the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Preferred Shares of the Company as a class, the Preferred Shares, Series 1 of the Company shall have the following rights and be subject to the following restrictions, conditions and limitations:


(a)

Non-Voting – The holders of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall not, as such, be entitled to receive notice of or to attend meetings of the shareholders of the Company nor shall they have any voting rights for the election of directors or for any other purpose (except where the holders of a specified class are entitled to vote separately as a class as provided in the Canada Business Corporations Act).


(b)

Dividends – The holders of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall be entitled to receive, and the directors of the Company shall declare and the Company shall pay thereon, out of the moneys of the Company properly applicable to the payment of dividends, a non-cumulative dividend on each Preferred Share, Series 1 equal to any dividend the board of directors of the Company may from time to time declare and the Company pay on each Common Share, and such dividends on the Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall be declared and paid at the same time as the declaration and payment of such dividends on the Common Shares.


(c)

Conversion


(i)

A holder of Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall be entitled, at such holder’s option, at any time and from time to time, to have all or any of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 registered in the name of such holder on the books of the Company converted into Common Shares as the same shall be constituted at the time of conversion upon the basis of one Common Share for each Preferred Share, Series 1 so converted; provided that, on conversion of any Preferred Shares, Series 1, the holders thereof shall be entitled to receive any declared and unpaid dividends thereon which are payable to the holders of Preferred Shares, Series 1 of record on a date prior to the date on which such conversion is effective pursuant to Section 3 (c)(ii) below;





- 39 -




(ii)

The conversion right provided for herein may be exercised by notice in writing given to the Company at its registered office accompanied by the certificate or certificates representing the Preferred Shares, Series 1 in respect of which the holder thereof desires to exercise such right of conversion and such notice shall be executed by the person registered on the books of the Company as the holder of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 in respect of which such right is being exercised or by such holder’s duly authorized attorney and shall specify the number of such shares which the holder desires to have converted.  The conversion shall be deemed to take effect upon the date which the said certificate or certificates shall be surrendered to the Company at its registered office accompanied by the said notice unless such date be a Saturday, Sunday or a holiday, in which event it shall take effect on the next business day.  If a part only of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 represented by any certificate is converted, a new certificate for the balance shall be issued without charge by the Company;


(iii)

Any Preferred Shares, Series 1 issued and outstanding as of 5:00 p.m. (Vancouver time) on that date which is 10 years following issuance shall, at such time, automatically be converted into Common Shares on the basis one Common Share for each Preferred Share, Series 1 then issued and outstanding, and after such time, a holder of such automatically converted Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall cease to have any rights as a shareholder in respect of such shares other than the right to receive any declared and unpaid dividends thereon which are payable to the holders of Preferred Shares, Series 1 of record as of a date prior to the date of such automatic conversion.  Such holder shall be entitled to receive from the Corporation, without charge, a certificate representing the Common Shares resulting from such automatic conversion of such Preferred Shares, Series 1;


(iv)

All Common Shares resulting from any conversion provided for herein shall be fully paid and non-assessable; and


(v)

In the event that the Preferred Shares, Series 1 or the Common Shares are at any time subdivided, consolidated or changed into a greater or lesser number of shares of the same or another class, an appropriate adjustment shall be made in the rights and conditions attached to the Preferred Shares, Series 1 so as to maintain the relative rights of the holders of those shares.


(d)

Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding-up – In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall be entitled to receive, before any distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among the holders of the Common Shares or any other shares in the capital of the Corporation ranking junior to the Preferred Shares, Series 1, for each Preferred Share, Series 1, the amount of C$0.6804 and any dividends declared thereon and unpaid, and following such distribution, the holders of the Preferred Shares, Series 1 shall be entitled to share equally and rateably without preference or distinction on a per share basis with the holders of Common Shares or other shares in the capital of the Company in the distribution of the remaining property and assets of the Company.



Change Rights of Shareholders


The directors may by resolution to amend the articles of the Company to change the rights of shareholders. According to Canada Business Corporations Act, such amendment requires approval by a special resolution of shareholders.





- 40 -




Meetings of Shareholders


An Annual General Meeting must be held once every financial year for the purpose of considering the financial statements and reports, electing directors, appointing auditors and for the transaction of other business as may be brought before the meeting.  The board, the chairman of the board or the president shall have power to call a special meeting of shareholders at any time.


Notice of the time and place of each meeting of shareholders must be given no less than 21 days, nor more than 50 days, before the date of each meeting to each director, to the auditors and to each shareholder who at the close of business on the record date, if any, for notice is entered in the securities register as the holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at the meeting.


Rights to Own Securities


There are no limitations on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights.


Except as provided in the Investment Canada Act, there are no limitations under the applicable laws of Canada or by our charter or other constituent documents of our Company on the right of foreigners to hold or vote Common Shares of other securities of our Company.


The Investment Canada Act will prohibit implementation, or if necessary, require divestiture of an investment deemed “reviewable” under the Investment Canada Act by an investor that is not a “Canadian” as defined in the Investment Canada Act (a “non-Canadian”), unless after review the Minister responsible for the Investment Canada Act (“the Minister”) is satisfied that the “reviewable” investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada.  An investment in our Common Shares by a non-Canadian would be reviewable under the Investment Canada Act if it was an investment to acquire control of our Company and the value of our assets was $5 million or more.  A non-Canadian would be deemed to acquire control of our company for the purposes of the Investment Canada Act if the non-Canadian acquired a majority of our outstanding Common Shares (or less than a majority but controlled our company in fact through the ownership of one-third or more of our outstanding common shares) unless it could be established that, on the acquisition, our Company was not controlled in fact by the acquirer through the ownership of such Common Shares.  Certain transactions in relation to our Common Shares would be exempt from review under the Investment Canada Act, including, among other, the following:


1.

Acquisition of Common Shares by a person in the ordinary course of that person’s business as a trader or dealer in securities;

2.

Acquisition of control of our Company in connection with the realization of security granted for a loan or other financial assistance and not for any purpose related to the provisions of the Investment Canada Act; and

3.

Acquisition of control of our Company by reason of an amalgamation, merger, consolidation or corporate reorganization following which the ultimate direct or indirect control of our company, through the ownership of voting interests, remains unchanged.


The Investment Canada Act was amended with the World Trade Organization Agreement to provide for special review thresholds for “WTO Investors” of countries belonging to the World Trade Organization, among others, nationals and permanent residents (including “WTO Investor controlled entities” as defined in the Investment Canada Act).  Under the Investment Canada Act, as amended, an investment in our Common Shares by WTO Investors would be reviewable only if it was an investment to acquire control of our Company and the value of our assets was equal to or greater than a specified amount (the “Review Threshold), which is published by the Minister after its determination for any particular year.





- 41 -




Change in Control


There are no provisions in our Articles that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company, and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving the Company.



MATERIAL CONTRACTS


There is no material contract entered into for the two years immediately preceding publication of this document.



EXCHANGE CONTROL


There are no government laws, decrees or regulations in Canada which restrict the export or import of capital or which affect the remittance of dividend, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of our common shares.  Any remittances of dividends to United States residents and to other non-residents are, however subject to withholding tax.  See “Taxation” below.



TAXATION


The following is a fair summary of the material Canadian federal income tax consequences generally applicable in respect of the common stock. The tax consequences to any particular holder of common stock will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation or member of a partnership, the jurisdiction in which that holder is subject to taxation, the place where that holder is resident and, generally, according to that holder's particular circumstances. This summary is applicable only to holders who are resident in the United States, have never been resident in Canada, deal at arm's length with the Company, hold their common stock as capital property and who will not use or hold the common stock in carrying on business in Canada.


This summary is based upon the provisions of the Income Tax Act of Canada and the regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Tax Act") as at the date of the Annual Report, publicly-announced proposals to amend the Tax Act as at the date of this Annual Report and the current administrative practices of the Canada Revenue Agency . This summary does not take into account provincial income tax consequences.  The summary assumes that the publicly announced proposals will be enacted as proposed with the effective dates set out therein; otherwise, the summary assumes that there will be no other changes in law whether by judicial or legislative action.


This summary is of a general nature only and is not exhaustive of all possible income tax consequences.  It is not intended as legal or tax advice to any particular holder of common stock and should not be so construed.  Each holder is encouraged to consult their own tax advisor with respect to the income tax consequences applicable to him in his own particular circumstances.






- 42 -




Disposition of Common Stock.  Under the Tax Act, a gain from the sale of common stock by a non-resident will not be subject to Canadian tax, provided the shareholder (and/or persons who do not deal at arm's length with the shareholder) have not held a "substantial interest" in the Company (25% or more of the shares of any class of the Company's stock) at any time in the five years preceding the disposition. Generally, the Canada-United States Tax Convention (the "Tax Convention") will exempt from Canadian taxation any capital gain realized by a resident of the United States unless:

their value is derived principally from real property in Canada;

the holder was resident in Canada for 120 months during any period of 20 consecutive years preceding the disposition and the common stocks were owned by him when he ceased to be a resident in Canada; or

they form part of the business property of a permanent establishment that the holder has or had in Canada within the 12 months preceding the disposition.


If a non-resident were to dispose of common stock of the Company to another Canadian corporation which deals or is deemed to deal on a non-arm's length basis with the non-resident and which, immediately after the disposition, is connected with the Company (i.e., which holds shares representing more than 10% of the voting power and more than 10% of the market value of all issued and outstanding shares of the Company), the excess of the proceeds over the paid-up capital of the common stock sold will be deemed to be taxable as a dividend either immediately or eventually by means of a deduction in computing the paid-up capital of any shares issued by the purchasing corporation.


Dividend.  In the case of any dividends paid to non-residents, the Canadian tax is withheld by the Company, which remits only the net amount to the shareholder.  By virtue of Article X of the Tax Convention, the rate of tax on dividends paid to residents of the United States is generally limited to 15% of the gross dividend (or 5% in the case of certain corporate shareholders owning at least 10% of the Company's voting shares). In the absence of the treaty provisions, the rate of Canadian withholding tax imposed on non-residents is 25% of the gross dividend.  Stock dividends received by non-residents from the Company are taxable by Canada as ordinary dividends at the amount by which the paid up capital of the Company is increased for the shares issued as dividends.


The Tax Convention generally exempts from Canadian withholding tax dividends paid to a religious, scientific, literary, educational or charitable organization exclusively administering a pension, retirement or employee benefit fund or plan, if the organization is resident in the United States and is exempt from income tax under the laws of the United States.


DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY


The documents concerning our Company may be viewed at the offices of our corporate solicitor, Stikeman Elliott, at Suite 1700, Park Place, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6C 2X8, during normal office hours.







- 43 -




ITEM 11

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK


The Company’s revenue is derived principally from the sale of ginseng roots to a limited number of customers that are concentrated in Asian markets.  In order to manage its credit risk, the Company carefully monitors credit terms, investigates credit history and grants credit to customers with established relationships or an acceptable credit rating. Payments or deposits are usually received before shipments of inventory.  Letters of credit may be used, or inventory may be held as security until payment is received, when such relationships have not been established.  The Company identifies Canada as the primary economic environment in which it operates and uses the Canadian dollar as its functional currency.  A minor portion of the Company’s revenues and receivables are denominated in U.S. dollars and Hong Kong dollars as well as loans from a company under company control which are denominated in Hong Kong dollars.  The Company monitors its exposure to foreign exchange risk and balances its foreign currency holdings to reduce exposures to any one currency by repatriating any excess funds.  The Company may also from time to time utilize foreign exchange contracts to hedge against exchange risks.


The Company’s revenues and earnings are also impacted by the world price of ginseng root which is determined by reference to a number of factors including the supply and demand for North American ginseng root, negotiations between buyer and seller, the quality and aesthetic characteristics of the root and the relative strength of the Canadian dollar to the currency used by the Company’s customers. A percentage change in the market price of ginseng root will tend to have a corresponding impact on the revenues reported by the Company. An increase in the selling price by $1 per pound will increase the Company’s net earnings by approximately $800,000 (based on the 2006 harvest of 801,662 pounds) and a decrease in the selling price by $1 per pound would have an equally negative impact on net earnings.


The interest income from cash and cash equivalents and the interest expense from borrowings under credit facilities are subject to interest rate changes and therefore interest income and interest expense will fluctuate directly with changes in interest rates and the amount of cash and cash equivalents and borrowing outstanding at any given time. A decrease in interest rates of 1% will increase the Company’s net earnings by approximately $130,000 (based on bank indebtedness and long-term debt of approximately $13.0 million as at December 31, 2006) and a decrease in interest rates of 1% would have an equally negative impact on net earnings.


ITEM 12

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES


Not applicable.


PART II

ITEM 13

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES


Not applicable.





- 44 -




ITEM 14

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS


Not applicable.



ITEM 15

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES


Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures


Under the supervision and with the participation of the management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.


Changes in Internal Controls


There are no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal year that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to material affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting..



ITEM 16    RESERVED


ITEM 16A AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT


The Company’s Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Steven Hsieh, Chairman of the Audit Committee and independent director, qualifies as “audit committee financial expert” pursuant to this Item 16A of the Form 20-F.


ITEM 16B CODE OF ETHICS


On May 6, 2005, the Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its employees, including its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions.


The Company undertake to provide to any person without charge, upon request, a copy of such code of ethics in either of the following ways:


By mail to:  Chai Na Ta Corp.

                    Unit 100 – 12051 Horseshoe Way,

                    Richmond, British Columbia V7A 4V4


By e-mail to: info@chainata.com





- 45 -




ITEM 16C PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES


Deloitte & Touche LLP acts as the Company’s principal independent auditor for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.  The following table discloses the aggregate fees for professional services rendered by Deloitte & Touche LLP in 2006 and 2005.




 

 

2006

CDN’000

2005

CDN’000

 

Audit Fees (1)

131

133

 

Audit -related Fees (2)

 -

 13

 

Tax Fees (3)

   -

  -

 

All Other Fees

    -

   -

 

Total

131

146

 

 

 

 



(1)

Audit fees consist of fees billed for the annual audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and fees billed for reviews of interim financial statements as well as fees billed for services relating to the review of documents filed with the SEC.

(2)

Audit-related fees include assistance with compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley requirements.

(3)

Tax fees include fees billed for tax compliance services, tax advice on transfer pricing.


Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures


Consistent with SEC requirements regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has adopted a policy to pre-approve services prior to commencement of the specified service.  Under the policy, the Audit Committee must pre-approve the provision of services by our principal auditor.  Requests or applications to provide services that require specific approval by the Audit Committee are submitted to the Audit Committee, through the Audit Committee Chairman, by both the external auditor and the Chief Financial Officer.


ITEM 16D

EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES  


Not applicable


ITEM 16E

PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS


Not applicable


PART III


ITEM 17

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The Company's consolidated financial statements are stated in Canadian dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the application of which, in the case of the Company, conforms in all material respects for the periods presented with United States GAAP, except as referred to in footnotes to the audited consolidated financial statements.  



- 46 -



The value of the U.S. dollar in relationship to the Canadian dollar was approximately 1.17 as of December 31, 2006.



Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules:


Report of Independent Registered Chartered Accountants, dated March 7, 2007


Consolidated Balance Sheets as at December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005


Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.


Consolidated Statements of Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2006, December 31,     2005 and December 31, 2004.


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.


Consolidated Statements of Crop Costs for the years ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.


Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.



ITEM 18

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The Registrant has elected to provide financial statements pursuant to Item 17.



ITEM 19

EXHIBITS


1.1.

Articles of Incorporation, effective August 12, 1981 (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F and Form 6K )


1.2.

Certificate of Name Change, dated September 7, 1994 (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F and Form 6K)


2.1

Instruments defining the rights of holders of registered equity or debt securities – refer to Exhibit 1.1 above.


4.1

Private Placement Share Subscription Agreement, dated April 20, 2000, by the Company and Road King Infrastructure Limited (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 30, 2001)


4.2

Employment Agreement, dated May 5, 2000, by the Company and Gerald A. Gill. (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 30, 2001)


4.3

Conversion Agreement, dated May 8, 2000, by the Company, Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd., John Hancock Life Insurance Company and Herb King International Limited. (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 30, 2001)



- 47 -





4.4

Partnership Agreement between Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd. and 499599 B.C. Ltd. (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 31, 1996).


4.5

Joint Venture Agreement between Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd. and the Skeetchestn Indian Band (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 31, 1996).


4.6

Share Purchase Agreement between the Company and LTRD Biotech Limited. (incorporated by reference from our Form 20-F Annual Report filed on May 26, 2003)


8.1

Organization chart of the Company and its affiliates.


12.1

Certification of the CEO under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


12.2

Certification of the CFO under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


13.1

Certification of CEO and CFO as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of  2002.




- 48 -




SIGNATURE PAGE





The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorised the undersigned to sign this registration statement (annual report) on its behalf.


Chai-Na-Ta Corp.

Registrant



“WILMAN WONG”

By:  ________________________________

 Wilman Wong, Chief Financial Officer




Dated: March 30, 2007







- 49 -







Report of Independent Registered Chartered Accountants

 and Consolidated Financial Statements



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

(Stated in Canadian dollars)

DECEMBER 31, 2006, 2005 AND 2004









 



- 50 -




[chainata20f001.jpg]

Deloitte & Touche LLP

2800 - 1055 Dunsmuir Street

4 Bentall Centre

P.O. Box 49279

Vancouver BC  V7X 1P4

Canada


Tel: (604) 669-4466

Fax: (604) 685-0395

www.deloitte.ca

 

Report of Independent Registered Chartered Accountants



To the Board of Directors of Chai-Na-Ta Corp.


We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Chai-Na-Ta Corp. as at December 31, 2006 and 2005 and the consolidated statements of operations, deficit, cash flows and crop costs for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2006.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.


We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  These standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Chai-Na-Ta Corp. as at December 31, 2006 and 2005 and the results of its operations, its cash flows and its crop costs for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2006 in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.


As described in Notes 3 (j) and 20, the consolidated financial statements for years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 have been restated.  


The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.


On March 7, 2007, we reported separately to the shareholders of Chai-Na-Ta Corp. on our audits, conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, on financial statements for the same period, prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.


[chainata20f003.gif]


Independent Registered Chartered Accountants

March 7, 2007



- 51 -



Comments by Independent Registered Chartered Accountants on Canada-United States of America reporting differences



The standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) require the addition of an explanatory paragraph when the financial statements are affected by conditions and events that cast substantial doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, such as those described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.  Although we conducted our audits in accordance with both Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), our report to the Shareholders dated March 7, 2007 is expressed in accordance with Canadian reporting standards which do not permit a reference to such conditions and events in the auditors’ report when these are adequately disclosed in the consolidated financial statements.


[chainata20f005.gif]


Independent Registered Chartered Accountants

March 7, 2007



- 52 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)


As at December 31

2006

2005

ASSETS

 

 

Current assets

 

 

Cash

$               484,466

$              42,551

Accounts receivable and other assets

217,615

113,597

Inventory (Note 14)

8,627,699

7,199,091

Ginseng crops (Notes 4 and 14)

5,213,919

6,546,059

Prepaid expenses

50,632

52,538

Assets held for sale (Note 13)

-

1,550,860

 

14,594,331

15,504,696

Ginseng crops (Notes 4 and 14)

9,305,416

12,802,486

Property, plant and equipment (Note 5)

5,792,907

6,589,248

Future income taxes (Note 6)

-

1,855,000

 

$          29,692,654

$       36,751,430

LIABILITIES

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

Bank indebtedness (Note 7)

$            4,310,000

$         6,400,000

Short-term borrowings (Note 8)

-

1,504,000

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

1,066,357

1,447,840

Customer deposits (Note 9)

1,392,808

3,874

Current portion of long-term debt (Note 10)

299,437

1,231,540

 

7,068,602

10,587,254

Long-term debt (Note 10)

8,365,665

2,450,048

 

15,434,267

13,037,302

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

Share capital (Note 11)

38,246,209

38,246,209

Contributed surplus (Note 11)

338,081

338,081

Cumulative translation adjustments (Note 3(h))

590,208

585,233

Deficit

(24,916,111)

(15,455,395)

 

14,258,387

23,714,128

 

$          29,692,654

$       36,751,430

Going concern (Note 1)

Commitments, contingencies and guarantees (Note 16)


See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements


APPROVED BY THE BOARD

“Derek Zen”

 

“Peter Leung”

Derek Zen

 

Peter Leung

Chairman

 

Chief Executive Officer




- 53 -






CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Deficit

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Years ended December 31

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

           2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, beginning of year

 

 

 $ (15,455,395)

 

 $     (7,324,326)

 

 $     (7,045,898)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in accounting policy for stock based

 

 

 

 

 

 

   compensation (Note 3(k))

 

 

                    -   

 

                    -   

 

          (358,707)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) earnings

 

 

      (9,460,716)

 

        (8,131,069)

 

              80,279

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, end of year

 

 

 $ (24,916,111)

 

 $   (15,455,395)

 

 $     (7,324,326)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

 

 

 






- 54 -




CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations

 

 

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Years ended December 31

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

  2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

 $    5,927,755

 

 $       5,825,946

 

 $       7,425,037

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of goods sold

 

 

       5,829,905

 

         5,488,252

 

         4,853,700

 

 

 

            97,850

 

            337,694

 

         2,571,337

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

       1,219,618

 

         1,422,323

 

         1,757,134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest on short-term debt (Notes 7 and 8)

 

          383,781

 

            362,722

 

            111,875

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest on long-term debt (Note 10)

 

 

          317,095

 

              65,276

 

                    -   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Write-down of assets held for sale (Note 13)

 

                    -   

 

            246,498

 

                    -   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Write-down of inventory and ginseng crops (Notes 3(e) and 14)

 

       5,639,421

 

         9,978,902

 

            599,717

 

 

 

       7,559,915

 

        12,075,721

 

         2,468,726

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating (loss) profit

 

 

      (7,462,065)

 

      (11,738,027)

 

            102,611

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other (loss) income (Notes 3(h) and 15)

 

 

         (143,651)

 

          (481,042)

 

              25,668

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Loss) earnings before income taxes

 

 

      (7,605,716)

 

      (12,219,069)

 

            128,279

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for (recovery of) income taxes (Note 6)

 

       1,855,000

 

        (4,088,000)

 

              48,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) earnings

 

 

 $   (9,460,716)

 

 $     (8,131,069)

 

 $           80,279

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic (loss) earnings per share - restated (Note 3(j))

 

 $            (0.27)

 

 $             (0.23)

 

 $              0.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of common shares used

 

 

 

 

 

 

  to calculate basic (loss) earnings per share -   

  restated

 

     34,698,157

 

        34,698,157

 

        34,689,963

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted (loss) earnings per share – restated (Note 3(j))

 

 $            (0.27)

 

 $             (0.23)

 

 $              0.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of common shares used

 

 

 

 

 

 

  to calculate diluted (loss) earnings per share -  

  restated

 

     34,698,157

 

        34,698,157

 

        34,789,122

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

 

 

 





- 55 -





CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

 

 

 

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Years ended December 31

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net inflow (outflow) of cash related to the following activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Net (loss) earnings

 

 

 $   (9,460,716)

 

 $     (8,131,069)

 

 $           80,279

  Items included in net (loss) earnings not

 

 

 

 

 

 

    affecting cash (Note 18(a))

 

 

     13,414,205

 

        11,910,019

 

         5,069,138

  Changes in non-cash operating assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    and liabilities (Note 18(b))

 

 

      (1,869,114)

 

        (2,046,381)

 

                7,302

  Change in non-current crop costs

 

 

      (4,197,223)

 

        (5,750,508)

 

        (7,346,266)

 

 

 

      (2,112,848)

 

        (4,017,939)

 

        (2,189,547)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Bank indebtedness

 

 

      (2,090,000)

 

          (531,634)

 

         5,141,634

  Short-term borrowings

 

 

                    -   

 

         1,565,000

 

                    -   

  Long-term borrowings

 

 

       7,842,560

 

         3,500,000

 

                    -   

  Repayment of long-term debt

 

 

      (4,569,156)

 

          (420,834)

 

            (60,247)

  Issuance of shares for cash

 

 

                    -   

 

                    -   

 

              25,185

 

 

 

       1,183,404

 

         4,112,532

 

         5,106,572

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Purchase of property, plant and equipment

 

         (212,488)

 

          (163,922)

 

        (3,375,669)

  Proceeds from disposition of property, plant and  

    equipment

            28,541

 

              24,181

 

              45,053

  Proceeds from disposition of assets held for

    sale

 

       1,555,461

 

                    -   

 

                    -   

 

 

 

       1,371,514

 

          (139,741)

 

        (3,330,616)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

 

                (155)

 

                (928)

 

              (3,658)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash

 

 

          441,915

 

            (46,076)

 

          (417,249)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, beginning of year

 

 

            42,551

 

              88,627

 

            505,876

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, end of year

 

 

 $       484,466

 

 $           42,551

 

 $           88,627

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplementary information (Note 18(c))

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

 

 

 





- 56 -




CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Crop Costs

 

 

 

 

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Years ended December 31

 

 

2006

 

    2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

 $       980,866

 

 $      1,092,715

 

 $       1,399,859

Farm equipment operating costs

 

 

          575,199

 

            740,025

 

             929,046

Interest on long-term debt

 

 

              9,755

 

                6,557

 

                 4,611

Land rental costs

 

 

          702,403

 

            989,604

 

             951,852

Mulch and fertilizer

 

 

       1,666,070

 

         2,338,314

 

          2,164,422

Other

 

 

          171,654

 

            309,258

 

             279,189

Plant science

 

 

            17,955

 

              23,277

 

               36,570

Salaries and wages

 

 

       3,230,882

 

         4,154,465

 

          4,186,193

Seed

 

 

          150,535

 

                7,309

 

             509,430

Small tools and supplies

 

 

            42,410

 

              72,128

 

             120,400

Warehouse and dryer operations

 

 

          522,123

 

            368,447

 

             312,990

 

 

 

       8,069,852

 

       10,102,099

 

        10,894,562

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, beginning of year

 

 

     19,348,545

 

       20,869,156

 

        16,647,834

 

 

 

     27,418,397

 

       30,971,255

 

        27,542,396

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Write-down of ginseng crops (Note 14)

 

       2,700,000

 

            213,127

 

                    -   

  Cost of seeds sold and available for sale

 

                    -   

 

            363,840

 

                    -   

  Cost of crop harvested

 

 

     10,199,062

 

       11,045,743

 

          6,673,240

Balance, end of year

 

 

     14,519,335

 

       19,348,545

 

        20,869,156

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: current portion

 

 

       5,213,919

 

         6,546,059

 

          7,692,733

 

 

 

 $    9,305,416

 

 $    12,802,486

 

 $     13,176,423

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 






- 57 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




1.

GOING CONCERN


The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has experienced a loss of $9,460,716 for the year ended December 31, 2006 and a loss of $8,131,069 for the year ended December 31, 2005, due to a low selling price of ginseng and has an accumulated deficit of $24,916,111 as at December 31, 2006. The Company is closely monitoring cash resources and has received significant financing from a Canadian chartered bank and a company formerly under common control.


The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependant on achieving ongoing profitable operations and the continued financial support of its creditors. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and reclassification of assets and liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.


2.

NATURE OF OPERATIONS


The Company operates North American ginseng farms in Canada, on which ginseng root is planted, cultivated and harvested. The Company sells ginseng in its primary markets of Hong Kong and China, and to a lesser extent Canada and the United States of America, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company also sells ginseng-based value-added products in Canada although they do not represent a significant percentage of sales.


The Company is publicly traded with no single shareholder holding a majority of the Company’s common shares. The Company was formerly controlled by Road King Infrastructure Limited, a publicly traded Hong Kong based company, through its subsidiary Herb King International Limited which formerly owned 84% of the Company’s common shares. On December 7, 2006, the shares owned by Herb King International Limited were distributed to the shareholders of Road King Infrastructure Limited in the form of a dividend. The largest shareholder of the Company is Wai Kee Holdings Limited, a publicly traded Hong Kong based company, which owns 38% of the shares of the Company. These shares were acquired by Wai Kee Holdings Limited through its wholly-owned subsidiaries as a result of the distribution of the shares formerly owned by Herb King International Limited.



- 58 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES


These consolidated financial statements, expressed in Canadian dollars, have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and reflect the following significant accounting policies:


(a)

Basis of presentation


These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and those of its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.


At December 31, 2006, the Company's effective ownership interests in these companies were as follows:


Subsidiaries


 

Chai-Na-Ta Farms Ltd.

100%

 

Chai-Na-Ta International Ltd. (Inactive)

100%

 

Chai-Na-Ta (Asia) Ltd. (Inactive)

100%

 

CNT Nominees Limited (Inactive)

100%

 

CNT Nutraceuticals Ltd.

100%

 

CNT Trading (Asia) Limited (Inactive)

100%

 

CNT Trading (Hong Kong) Limited

100%

 

North American Ginseng Enterprises Limited (Inactive)

100%

 

Unique Formulations, Inc. (Inactive)

100%



(b)

Revenue recognition


Sales of goods are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, title and risk have passed to the customer, the sales price is fixed and determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured.


The above conditions are generally satisfied when the goods are delivered to the end customers or to the wholesale distributor.  In instances when the above criteria are not satisfied, revenue is deferred until all conditions required for recognition of revenue are met.


(c)

Cash and cash equivalents


Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, deposits in banks and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.


(d)

Inventory


Inventory is valued at the lower of average cost and estimated net realizable value.




- 59 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)


(e)

Ginseng crops


The Company uses the full absorption costing method to value its ginseng crops. Included in crop costs are seeds, labour, applicable overhead, interest and supplies as per the consolidated statement of crop costs. Common costs are allocated in each period based on the total number of acres under cultivation during the period.


The carrying value of ginseng crops is reviewed on a regular basis for any impairment in value, using management’s best estimate as to expected future market values, yields and costs to harvest.


Crop costs related to the acreage harvested and sold have been charged to cost of sales.


(f)

Property, plant and equipment and depreciation


Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over the following periods except as noted below:


 

Buildings

 

20 years

 

Dryers and related works

 

20 years

 

Computer equipment and software

 

4 years

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

10 years

 

Leasehold improvements

 

10 years

 

Machinery and equipment

 

10 years

 

Sunshade

 

10 years

 

Vehicles

 

8 years

 

Pavement

 

12.5 years


Property, plant and equipment are reviewed on a regular basis for impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances which indicate that the net book value of the assets may not be recoverable based on estimated undiscounted future cash flows generated by their use. To the extent not recoverable, impaired assets are written down to their estimated net realizable value.


During 2005, the Company announced that it would no longer plant ginseng crops in British Columbia and that the final harvest of British Columbia ginseng crops currently under cultivation would occur in 2008. As a result of this decision, the Company performed an analysis of all property, plant and equipment located in British Columbia to determine if such assets were impaired. Based on this analysis, the Company determined that while no impairment charge was required to be recognized on the British Columbia assets, changes in the estimated future remaining lives of certain assets were appropriate given the expectation of a final harvest in 2008. The adjustment to depreciation as a result of the changes in the estimated useful lives and salvage values of property, plant and equipment was reflected prospectively effective October 1, 2005.




- 60 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)


(g)

Research and development


Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development costs that meet generally accepted criteria, including reasonable assurance regarding future benefits, are capitalized and amortized to operations. Research costs were $NIL, $46,925, and $61,725 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. There were no development costs capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.


(h)

Foreign currency translation


Financial statements of the Company's self-sustaining foreign operations are translated into Canadian dollars using the current rate method. Adjustments arising from the translation are deferred and recorded as Cumulative Translation Adjustments under the Shareholders' Equity section of the balance sheet and are included in operations only to the extent of any reduction in the investment in these foreign operations that is realized. During the year ended December 31, 2005, one of the Company’s self-sustaining foreign subsidiaries repaid advances which were previously considered part of the Company’s net investment in the foreign operation. As a result of this repayment, $508,721 of foreign exchange losses previously deferred in Cumulative Translation Adjustments as a component of Shareholders’ Equity have been included in other loss for the year ended December 31, 2005.


(i)

Income taxes


The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, future income taxes are recorded for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities, and for losses and other deductions carried forward. Future tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted or substantively enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which such temporary differences or losses and other deductions carried forward are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is recognized to the extent that the recoverability of future income tax assets is not considered likely.




- 61 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)


(j)

(Loss) earnings per common share - restated


Basic (loss) earnings per share is computed by dividing net (loss) earnings available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted (loss) earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of common shares by including other common share equivalents in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for a period, if dilutive. Common share equivalents consist of convertible preferred shares and the incremental number of shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options.


A reconciliation of net (loss) earnings per common share and the weighted average shares used in the earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations for fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004 is as follows:


 

 

 

Net (Loss)

 

Number of

 

(Loss)

 

 

 

Earnings

 

Shares

 

Earnings

 

 

 

(numerator)

 

(denominator)

 

Per Share

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

$(9,460,716)

 

    34,698,157

 

$         (0.27)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted

 

$(8,131,069)

 

    34,698,157

 

$         (0.23)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$      80,279

 

    34,689,963

 

$           0.00

 

Effect of common share equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options

 

                 -   

 

          99,159

 

           (0.00)

 

Diluted

 

$      80,279

 

    34,789,122

 

$           0.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




Certain options to purchase 403,300, (2005 - 437,600, 2004 – NIL) shares of common stock were outstanding as at December 31, 2006, but were not included in the computation of diluted (loss) earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.


For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the number of shares used to calculate basic earnings per share has been restated to include the convertible preferred shares. For 2005, the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share has been restated to 34,698,157 from 24,299,008 and the basic and diluted loss per share has been restated to $0.23 from $0.33. For 2004, the number of shares used to calculate basic earnings per share has been restated to 34,689,963 from 24,290,814.




- 62 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)


(k)

Change in accounting policy for stock–based compensation plans


The Company has a stock-based compensation plan, which is described in Note 12. The Company has adopted the recommendations of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) with respect to stock-based compensation and other stock-based payments effective January 1, 2002. This section establishes standards for recognition, measurement and disclosure of stock-based compensation and other stock-based payments made in exchange for goods and services. The standard requires that all stock-based awards made to non-employees be measured and recognized using a fair value based method. The standard encouraged the use of a fair value based method for all awards granted to employees, but only required application of specified accounting methods to direct awards of stock, stock appreciation rights and awards that call for settlement in cash or other assets.


(l)

Foreign exchange forward contracts


The Company periodically enters into foreign exchange contracts to manage foreign exchange risk associated with future debt repayments denominated in foreign currencies. Realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in the market value of these contracts are recorded as other income unless they meet specified criteria to qualify as a hedging instrument under Canadian GAAP. If these contracts meet the criteria for hedging instruments, any unrealized gains or losses are deferred and recognized in earnings when the related hedge transaction occurs.


(m)

Use of estimates


The presentation of financial statements in conformity with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and other disclosures as at the end of or during the reporting periods. Significant estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for doubtful accounts, net realizable value of inventory, crop costs, depreciation on property, plant and equipment, future income taxes and contingencies. Actual results may differ from these estimates.




- 63 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




4.

GINSENG CROPS


Ginseng plants reach maturity and can be harvested at the end of their third year of growth. However, the Company may allow crops to mature longer to allow for higher yields and additional seed harvests. Costs accumulated relating to the expected harvest in the next year have been classified as current assets. At December 31, 2006, total area under cultivation and management is 966 acres. A breakdown of acreage by year planted is as follows:


 

 

 

 Number

 

Year planted

 

of acres

 

 

 

 

 

2002

 

13

 

2003

 

265

 

2004

 

460

 

2005

 

188

 

2006

 

40

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

966

 

 

 

 



5.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


 

 

 

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

Net Book

 

 

 

Cost

Depreciation

Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Land

 

 $     769,843

 $               -   

 $     769,843

 

Buildings

 

     1,682,122

        377,051

     1,305,071

 

Dryers and related works

 

     2,101,786

     1,248,651

        853,135

 

Computer equipment and software

        195,578

        173,406

          22,172

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

        282,485

        254,369

          28,116

 

Leasehold improvements

 

          75,432

          75,172

               260

 

Machinery and equipment

 

     7,020,638

     5,440,095

     1,580,543

 

Sunshade

 

   14,303,314

   13,397,574

        905,740

 

Vehicles

 

        509,587

        292,846

        216,741

 

Pavement

 

        148,252

          36,966

        111,286

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 $   27,089,037

 $   21,296,130

 $   5,792,907

 

 

 

 

 

 




- 64 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




5.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Continued)


 

 

 

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

Net Book

 

 

 

Cost

Depreciation

Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Land

 

 $       769,843

 $               -   

 $       769,843

 

Buildings

 

        1,683,389

          301,283

        1,382,106

 

Dryers and related works

 

        1,971,902

        1,012,578

          959,324

 

Computer equipment and software

          202,558

          173,645

            28,913

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

          311,921

          265,958

            45,963

 

Leasehold improvements

 

            75,677

            74,954

                723

 

Machinery and equipment

 

        7,005,073

        5,151,263

        1,853,810

 

Sunshade

 

      14,317,746

      13,134,763

        1,182,983

 

Vehicles

 

          499,607

          257,170

          242,437

 

Pavement

 

          148,252

            25,106

          123,146

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 $   26,985,968

 $   20,396,720

 $     6,589,248

 

 

 

 

 

 



6.

FUTURE INCOME TAXES


Temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to future income tax assets and liabilities as at December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:


 

 

 

 

2006

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future income tax assets

 

 

 

 

 

  Property, plant and equipment

 

 

 $        258,000

 $      209,000

 

  Inventory and ginseng crops

 

 

        3,751,000

      1,184,000

 

  Tax loss carryforwards

 

 

           545,000

         462,000

 

 

 

 

        4,554,000

      1,855,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: valuation allowance

 

 

        4,554,000

                  -   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future income tax assets

 

 

 $                  -

 $   1,855,000

 

 

 

 

 

 


The majority of the above differences relate to the Company’s farming operations, which are taxable on a cash basis under Canadian tax law and allow for taxable adjustments of inventory and ginseng crops at the discretion of the Company.




- 65 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




6.

FUTURE INCOME TAXES (Continued)


Due to additional financing costs associated with the new loan facility as detailed in Note 10(b) and the write-down on inventory and ginseng crops as detailed in Note 14, the Company determined that it was less likely than not that the future income tax assets would be recoverable in the short and medium-term. Therefore, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $4,554,000 against its future income tax assets. This valuation allowance is included in the provision for income taxes on the statement of operations.


The provision for (recovery of) income taxes has been calculated as follows:


 

 

2006

2005

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canadian statutory tax rate

35.12%

35.12%

35.72%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes at  

 

 

 

 

  the Canadian statutory rates

 $  (2,671,127)

 $ (4,291,337)

 $       45,821

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

  Foreign tax rate differential

           73,076

          67,274

          24,493

 

  Change in income tax rates

                   -   

        (39,485)

        (42,597)

 

  Other

        (100,949)

        175,548

          20,283

 

  Valuation allowance

      4,554,000

                 -   

                 -   

 

Provision for (recovery of) income taxes

 $   1,855,000

 $ (4,088,000)

 $       48,000


The Company’s foreign subsidiaries have tax losses available for carry forward of approximately $2,048,000 to reduce future taxable income, subject to the approval of the tax authorities, which can be carried forward indefinitely. The Company and domestic subsidiaries have tax losses available for carry forward of approximately $548,000 which can be applied to reduce future taxable income and expire at various times over the next five to ten years.


7.

BANK INDEBTEDNESS


As at December 31, 2006, subject to limitations based on the value of inventory, certain receivables and the estimated value of qualifying ginseng crops, the Company has available a $5,000,000 revolving demand operating loan with a Canadian chartered bank that bears interest at bank prime rate plus 1.25% per annum. As at December 31, 2006, $4,310,000 (2005 - $6,400,000) had been drawn under the operating loan. During the year, the Company incurred $325,690 of interest on this debt which has been included in interest on short-term debt on the statement of operations.


8.

SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS


On April 4, 2005, the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$10,000,000 from a company formerly under common control. The loan was unsecured and bore interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was refinanced on August 21, 2006 as detailed in Note 10(b). During the year, the Company incurred $58,091 (2005 - $61,628) of interest on this debt which has been included in interest on short-term debt on the statement of operations.




- 66 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




9.

CUSTOMER DEPOSITS


Customer deposits represent deposits received from customers to secure inventory purchase commitments prior to the actual delivery of inventory.


10.

LONG-TERM DEBT


 

 

 

2006

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bank term loan

 (a)

 $      159,700

 $   1,208,100

 

Term loan

 (b)

      8,182,270

                 -   

 

Equipment purchase loans

 (c)

         323,132

         488,208

 

Revolving credit facility

 (d)

                 -   

      1,985,280

 

 

 

      8,665,102

      3,681,588

 

Less: current portion

 

         299,437

      1,231,540

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 $   8,365,665

 $   2,450,048


(a)

Bank term loan


On May 16, 2005, the Company secured a $1,500,000 non-revolving term loan for three years from a Canadian chartered bank with an interest rate of prime plus 1.5% per annum. During the year, two lump sum payments totaling $865,000 were made on the loan from the proceeds of assets held for sale as at December 31, 2005. The loan is repayable in monthly installments of $10,000 plus interest and is secured by specific property of the Company. As at December 31, 2006, $159,700 is outstanding of which $120,000 will become due within the next twelve months. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $18,310 (2005 - $44,059) of interest which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations.


(b)

Term loan


On August 18, 2006, the Company established a four year term loan facility of HK$54,700,000 from a company formerly under common control. The loan is unsecured and bears interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate) or LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was used to refinance existing loan facilities (detailed in Notes 8 and 10(d)) and to finance the general working capital requirements of the Company. The Company has fully drawn the loan facility. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $219,878 of interest which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations and which remains accrued as at December 31, 2006.


(c)

Equipment purchase loans


The Company entered into equipment purchase loan agreements at interest rates of up to 7.75% per annum. The loans are repayable in installments maturing in various amounts to September 30, 2009 and are secured by specific assets of the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $9,755 (2005 - $6,557; 2004 - $4,611) of interest which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of crop costs.




- 67 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




10.

LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued)


(d)

Revolving loan facility


On October 13, 2005, the Company established a revolving loan facility of HK$13,200,000 from a company formerly under common control. The loan was unsecured and bore interest at 1.7% per annum over the HIBOR (Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate). The loan was refinanced on August 21, 2006 as detailed in Note 10(b). For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred $78,907 (2005 - $21,217) of interest on this debt which has been included in interest on long-term debt on the statement of operations.


The loans are scheduled to be repaid over the next four years as follows:



 

2007

 $         299,437

 

2008

            152,379

 

2009

              31,016

 

2010

         8,182,270

 

 

 $       8,665,102



11.

SHARE CAPITAL AND CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS


Authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares without nominal or par value and 21 million Series 1 non-voting, non-cumulative preferred shares, convertible into common shares on a 1:1 basis.  Any issued and outstanding preferred shares will automatically be converted into common shares in 2010.


The following changes have occurred in outstanding shares:


 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

 

 

shares

 

Amount

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004 and 2005

 

    24,299,008

 

 $  31,170,628

 

  Preferred shares conversion

 

    10,399,149

 

      7,075,581

 

Balance at December 31, 2006

 

    34,698,157

 

 $  38,246,209

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred shares

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004 and 2005

 

    10,399,149

 

 $    7,075,581

 

  Preferred shares conversion

 

   (10,399,149)

 

     (7,075,581)

 

Balance at December 31, 2006

 

                 -   

 

 $              -   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total share capital at December 31, 2005 and 2006

 

 

 $  38,246,209




- 68 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




11.

SHARE CAPITAL AND CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS (Continued)


 

Contributed Surplus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2005 and 2006

 

 $    338,081



12.

STOCK OPTIONS


The Company maintains a stock option plan and grants options to officers, directors and employees of the Company at market prices.  A total of 785,000 shares were reserved for issue under the plan.  The options are vested at the date of grant and expire five years thereafter.


Options to purchase 403,300 shares are outstanding and exercisable as at December 31, 2006, as follows:


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Number

 

 Number

 

Weighted Average

 Weighted Average

 

 Outstanding as at

 

Exercisable as at

 

Exercise price

 

 Remaining Contractual

 

 December 31, 2006

 

 December 31, 2006

 

($/share)

 

Life in Years

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

403,300

 

403,300

 

$ 0.73

 

1.96



Information regarding the Company's stock options for each of the periods is summarized as follows:


 

 

 

 

 

 Exercise

 

 

 

Number of

 

price range

 

 

 

shares

 

($/share)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as at December 31, 2004

 

      545,100

$

0.68 - 0.73

 

  Expired

 

    (107,500)

 

0.68 - 0.73

 

Outstanding as at December 31, 2005

 

      437,600

 

0.73

 

  Expired

 

      (34,300)

 

0.73

 

Outstanding and exercisable as at December 31, 2006

      403,300

 

$           0.73


There were no options granted or modified during the three years ended December 31, 2006.




- 69 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




13.

WRITE-DOWN OF ASSETS HELD FOR SALE


During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the corporate head office and recorded a write-down of $136,210 to reduce the carrying value of the corporate head office to its estimated net realizable value less selling costs. The land, building and fixtures of the head office were reclassified as assets held for sale and the transaction was completed on January 16, 2006.


During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company also entered into an agreement to sell agricultural land near Walhachin, British Columbia and recorded a write-down of $110,288 to reduce the carrying value of the site to its estimated net realizable value less selling costs.  The land, building and equipment on the site were reclassified as assets held for sale and the transaction was completed on January 31, 2006.


14.

WRITE-DOWN OF INVENTORY AND GINSENG CROPS


Due to the continued low selling price of low grade ginseng, the Company recorded a write-down of inventory of $2,901,483 for the year ended December 31, 2006 to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its estimated net realizable value. This amount includes a $235,200 write-down of 2005 inventory realized in the second quarter of 2006 and a $2,666,283 write-down on 2006 inventory that was realized upon the completion of the 2006 harvest. The net realizable value of the inventory was estimated based on purchase commitments received for inventory on hand.


The Company recorded a write-down of $2,700,000 on ginseng crops for the year ended December 31, 2006 to reduce their carrying value to their net realizable value. This amount includes a $1,550,000 write-down on the expected 2007 harvest, which is included in current assets on the balance sheet, and a write-down of $1,150,000 on the expected 2008 harvest. The net realizable value of the ginseng crops was estimated based on the estimated yield and quality of the crops upon harvest, accumulated costs, estimated additional costs required to bring the crops to harvest and current and projected selling prices.


The Company also recorded a write-down of inventory, raw materials and supplies for its value-added products of $37,938 during the year ended December 31, 2006.


The Company recorded a write-down on inventory of $9,736,863 for the year ended December 31, 2005 to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its estimated net realizable value. This amount includes a $2,500,000 write-down on crop costs that was incurred in the third quarter of 2005 on crops that were harvested in the fourth quarter of 2005 and are then considered inventory. The 2005 cost of crop harvested figure of $11,045,743 on the statement of crop costs includes the $2,500,000 write-down on crop costs that was incurred in the third quarter of 2005. The net realizable value of the inventory was estimated based on prices that were being negotiated with buyers and purchase commitments that had been received. The Company wrote off certain crop costs amounting to $213,127 during the year ended December 31, 2005, for costs incurred on sites in British Columbia which the Company subsequently decided not to plant. The Company also wrote off raw materials and supplies for its value-added products of $28,912 during the year ended December 31, 2005.


During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company recorded a write-down on low grade ginseng roots of $599,717 to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its estimated net realizable value.



- 70 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




15.

OTHER (LOSS) INCOME


Other (loss) income in 2006, 2005 and 2004 includes interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and miscellaneous items.


16.

COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES


(a)

Operating leases and land rentals


The Company has entered into operating leases for vehicles, farming equipment and offices expiring at various times to 2011. Total future minimum payments required under these leases are as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

 $      107,743

 

2008

 

          82,510

 

2009

 

          46,267

 

2010

 

          13,181

 

2011

 

            3,185



The Company is committed to agricultural land rentals for the next four years as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

 $       511,894

 

2008

 

        280,084

 

2009

 

          68,979

 

2010

 

          18,178



The Company has incurred rental costs on operating leases and land rentals of $822,332, $1,023,957 and $995,663 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, of which $766,671, $981,900 and $951,511 was capitalized to crop costs for the respective years.


(b)

Foreign exchange contracts


The Company has entered into a contract with a Canadian bank to purchase US$2,500,000 on June 20, 2007 to partially hedge against the term loan established during the year as detailed in Note 10(b). If the spot Canadian/US dollar exchange rate is less than or equal to $1.1325 on the contract date, the exchange rate of the purchase will be $1.1325. If the exchange rate is greater than or equal to $1.1500 on the contract date, the exchange rate of the purchase will be $1.1500. If the exchange rate is between $1.1325 and $1.1500 on the contract date, the contract will expire and a purchase obligation will not take place. At December 31, 2006, the closing exchange rate of $1.1654 resulted in a fair market value of this contract totaling $38,500 which is included in other income on the statement of operations.



- 71 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




16.

COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES (Continued)


(c)

Other commitments, contingencies and guarantees


The Company has agreed to indemnify a landlord with respect to any environmental contamination for certain leased premises. Although there is no maximum cost specified, the Company does not expect to incur costs in connection with this indemnification and as such no amounts have been accrued as of December 31, 2006.


The Company has become involved in a legal proceeding as a result of an automobile accident.  The Company believes that existing insurance will be sufficient to cover any claim from this matter. The Company has also become involved in a legal proceeding with a landlord as a result of the return of land that had been leased by the Company. While the outcome of each of these proceedings cannot be determined at this time, no provision has been recorded as the Company believes that the resolution of these proceedings will not have a material impact on the financial condition, earnings or cash flows of the Company.



17.

SEGMENTED REPORTING


The Company operates in one industry segment and three geographic regions. Although the Company began operations in the retail industry segment, the effect of these operations on revenue, earnings and long-lived assets of the Company are not significant and therefore are not shown separately. Long-lived assets consist of non-current ginseng crops and property, plant and equipment. Information by geographic region is summarized as follows:


 

Year ended

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2006

 

Canada

 

Far East

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue - external

$

1,272,707

$

4,655,048

$

5,927,755

 

Revenue - intercompany between regions

 

4,996,366

 

-

 

 

 

Total revenue

$

6,269,073

$

4,655,048

 

 

 

Net loss

$

(9,329,260)

$

(131,456)

$

(9,460,716)

 

Long-lived assets

$

15,097,479

$

844

$

15,098,323


Major Customers


For the year ended December 31, 2006, consolidated revenue included sales to four customers, which accounted for $715,905 from the Canadian geographic region and $3,039,738, $989,198 and $610,560, respectively, from the Far East geographic region.





- 72 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




17.

SEGMENTED REPORTING (Continued)


 

Year ended

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2005

Canada

Far East

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue - external

 $          ,205,854

 $         4,620,092

 

 $          5,825,946

 

Revenue - intercompany between regions

            4,358,943

                          -

 

 

 

Total revenue

 $          ,564,797

 $         4,620,092

 

 

 

Net loss

 $     (7,984,716)

 $         (146,353)

 

 $       (8,131,069)

 

Long-lived assets

 $      19,390,238

 $               1,496

 

 $        19,391,734


Major Customers


For the year ended December 31, 2005, consolidated revenue included sales to two customers, which accounted for $2,696,746 and $1,903,578, respectively, from the Far East geographic region.



 

Year ended

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2004

Canada

Far East

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue - external

 $         1,262,674

 $         6,162,363

 

 $          7,425,037

 

Revenue - intercompany between regions

            7,604,979

                          -

 

 

 

Total revenue

 $         8,867,653

 $         6,162,363

 

 

 

Net (loss) earnings

 $         (123,838)

 $            204,117

 

 $              80,279

 

Long-lived assets

 $       22,345,154

 $               2,147

 

 $        22,347,301


Major Customers


For the year ended December 31, 2004, consolidated revenue included sales to four customers, which accounted for $1,157,250 from the Canadian geographic region and $3,026,800, $1,579,200 and $1,266,771, respectively, from the Far East geographic region.




- 73 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




18.

OTHER INFORMATION


(a)

Items included in net (loss) earnings not affecting cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future income taxes

$

1,855,000

$

(4,088,000)

$

48,000

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

18,419

 

47,315

 

50,153

 

Cost of ginseng crops sold

 

5,751,768

 

5,223,214

 

4,369,714

 

Provision for write-down of inventory and crop costs

 

5,639,421

 

9,978,902

 

599,717

 

Provision for write-down of assets held for sale

 

-   

 

246,498

 

-   

 

Non-cash realized foreign exchange losses

 

154,116

 

508,945

 

-   

 

(Gain) loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

 

(4,519)

 

(6,855)

 

1,554

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

13,414,205

$

11,910,019

$

5,069,138

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



(b)

Changes in non-cash operating assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable and other assets

$

(65,518)

$

3,147

$

2,728,380

 

Inventory

 

31,419

 

8,539

 

(185,886)

 

Ginseng crops

 

(2,844,371)

 

(3,135,172)

 

(2,148,437)

 

Prepaid expenses

 

1,906

 

49,912

 

(36,074)

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

 

(381,484)

 

953,319

 

37,675

 

Customer deposits

 

1,388,934

 

3,874

 

(388,356)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(1,869,114)

$

(2,046,381)

$

7,302


(c)

Supplementary cash flow information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other cash flows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Interest paid

$

538,474

$

390,607

$

113,462

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Property, plant and equipment purchases

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    financed through equipment purchase

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    loan agreements

 

19,100

 

209,200

 

342,083




- 74 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




19.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS


(a)

Fair value


Financial instruments of the Company are represented by cash, accounts receivable and other assets, financial instruments, bank indebtedness, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, customer deposits and long-term debt from unrelated parties. The carrying value of these instruments approximates their fair value due to the short-term maturity of such items or their bearing market related rates of interest. The fair values of the loans payable to More Growth Finance Limited, a company formerly under common control, are not readily determinable due to the related party nature of such loans.


(b)

Interest rate risk


Interest on the Company's line of credit, short-term borrowings and term loans are based on variable rates. This exposes the Company to the risk of changing interest rates that may have an effect on its earnings in future periods. The Company does not use derivative instruments to mitigate this risk.


(c)

Credit risk


The Company is exposed to credit risk on accounts receivable from customers. A majority of its sales are made to a small number of customers that are concentrated in Asian markets.  To manage its credit risk, the Company carefully monitors credit terms, investigates credit history and only grants credit to customers with established relationships or acceptable credit ratings. Letters of credit may be used, or inventory may be held as security until payment is received, when such relationships have not been established. As at December 31, 2006, there was $125,000 in accounts receivable related to one major customer (2005 - $NIL).


(d)

Exchange risk


The Company is exposed to currency exchange risk as a result of its international markets and operations and foreign currency denominated debt.


The Company periodically enters into foreign exchange forward purchase contracts to manage foreign exchange risk associated with anticipated future debt and interest payments denominated in foreign currencies. As at December 31, 2006 the Company had a foreign exchange contract of US$2,500,000 outstanding as detailed in Note 16(b). There were no financial or other instruments outstanding that related to hedging or forward purchase foreign exchange contracts as at December 31, 2005.



- 75 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004



20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES


These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) which differ in some respects from US GAAP.


The significant differences between Canadian and US GAAP which affect the Company’s financial statements are summarized below:



a)  Accounting for Capitalization of Interest

Under Canadian GAAP, interest relating to expenditures on ginseng crop costs has been capitalized.  The interest is included in inventory when the ginseng crops are harvested and cost of goods sold when the inventory is sold.

Under US GAAP, the portion of interest relating to expenditures on ginseng crop costs would not be eligible for capitalization to ginseng crop costs.  The amount would be expensed as period costs and accordingly, the carrying value of crop costs and inventory under US GAAP would be different.  Similarly, interest that had been capitalized under Canadian GAAP and included in cost of sales would not have been reported as cost of sales for the period under US GAAP since such costs would have previously have been expensed as period costs.


b) Interest and Finance Charges

Under Canadian GAAP, interest and finance charges are presented as operating expenses and are included in the calculation of operating income.

Under US GAAP, interest and finance charges would be presented as non-operating expenses and would therefore be excluded from the calculation of operating income.


c)   Financial Instruments

Under Canadian GAAP the liability and equity components of convertible debt and warrants are required to be presented separately on the balance sheet.  The equity component is accounted for as a discount to the debt instrument and the discount is amortized over the terms of the debt.

Under US GAAP, the portion of the proceeds of debt securities issued with detachable stock purchase warrants that is allocable to the warrants is accounted for as additional paid-in capital.

There has been no debt securities with convertible warrants outstanding during the three year period ended December 31, 2006.




- 76 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


d)  Accounting for Stock Dividends

Under Canadian GAAP the issuance of a stock dividend did not result in an accounting entry.

Under US GAAP the issuance of a stock dividend would be accounted for as a dividend requiring an amount equal to the fair value of the issued shares to be accounted for by charging retained earnings and crediting contributed surplus.

There have been no stock dividends paid during the three year period ended December 31, 2006.


e)

Write-down of Inventory and Crop Costs

Under Canadian GAAP, the write-down of inventory and crop costs is included in operating expenses.

Under US GAAP the write-down of inventory and crop costs is included in cost of goods sold.

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of goods sold under Canadian GAAP

$

5,829,905

$

5,488,252

$

4,853,700

 

Adjustment for interest capitalized to crop costs (a)

 

(302,063)

 

(360,278)

 

(316,229)

 

Writedown of inventory and crop costs

 

5,895,611

 

9,779,786

 

407,075

 

Cost of goods sold under US GAAP

$

11,423,453

$

14,907,760

$

4,944,546


f)

Stock-Based Compensation

For Canadian GAAP purposes, the Company has adopted the recommendations of the CICA with respect to stock-based compensation and other stock-based payments effective January 1, 2002 and effective January 1, 2004, the Company has adopted the new recommendations of CICA Handbook Section 3870 which requires the use of the fair value based method in accounting for stock based compensation.  This change in accounting policy has been applied on a cumulative retroactive basis without restatement of individual prior periods as described in Note 3(l) to the consolidated financial statements.




- 77 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


f)

Stock-Based Compensation

For US GAAP purposes, prior to 2003, the Company accounts for stock-based compensation to employees and directors, under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB25), using the intrinsic value based method whereby compensation cost is recorded for the excess, if any, of the quoted market price over the exercise price, at the dates the stock options are granted.  As at December 31, 2002, no compensation cost would have been recorded for any period under this method.  The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, which requires the use of the fair value based method of accounting for stock options.  Under this method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the options granted and is recognized over the exercise period. SFAS 123 allows the Company to continue to measure the compensation cost in accordance with APB 25 and to adopt the disclosure-only provision.

During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company began to expense the fair value of stock-based compensation to employees and directors for both Canadian GAAP and US GAAP purposes. The Company adopted the provision of SFAS 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, the compensation cost recognized in 2004 is the same as that which would have been recognized had the recognition provisions of SFAS 123 been applied from its original effective date. Results for prior years have not been restated. During the current year, the Company adopted SFAS 123(R) which had no impact on the Company’s accounting for stock based compensation.


g)

Comprehensive Income

The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, which was required to be adopted on January 1, 1999.  SFAS 130 establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components.  The impact of adopting SFAS 130 on the Company’s financial statement is as follows:


 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) under US GAAP

$

(9,438,573)

$

(7,770,272)

$

318,135

 

Other comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Change in cumulative translation adjustment

 

4,975

 

573,085

 

(5,079)

 

Comprehensive net earnings (loss) under US GAAP

$

(9,433,598)

$

(7,197,187)

$

313,056




- 78 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


h)

Statement of Cash Flows

There is no difference in net cash flows from Operating, Financing, and Investing Activities between US and Canadian GAAP.


i)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Pronouncements from the United States

Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments

In February 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments - An amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This Statement amends FASB Statements No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. This Statement resolves issues addressed in Statement 133 Implementation Issue No. D1, “Application of Statement 133 to Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets.” This Statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 155 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets

In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets - An amendment of FASB Statement No. 140”. This Statement amends FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities, with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities.. This Statement is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 156 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.




- 79 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


i)

Recent Accounting Pronouncement


Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans - An amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)”. This Statement improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan (other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or liability in its statement of financial position and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in unrestricted net assets of a not-for-profit organization. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 158 has not had a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 159 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

In June 2006, the FASB issued Summary of Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - An interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. This Interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of Summary of Interpretation 48 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Pronouncements from Canada

Comprehensive Income


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (“CICA”) Handbook Section 1530 – Comprehensive Income. This Section establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income. It does not address issues of recognition or measurement for comprehensive income and its components. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.



- 80 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


i)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements


Foreign Currency Translation


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 1651 – Foreign Currency Translation which replaces Section 1650. This Section establishes standards for the translation of transactions of a reporting enterprise that are denominated in a foreign currency and financial statements of a foreign operation for incorporation in the financial statements of a reporting enterprise. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Investments


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 3051 - Investments which replaces Section 3050. This Section establishes standards for accounting for investments subject to significant influence and for measuring and disclosing certain other non-financial instrument investments. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Equity


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt CICA Handbook Section 3251 - Equity which replaces Section 3250. This Section establishes standards for the presentation of equity and changes in equity during the reporting period. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Financial Instruments


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the changes to CICA Handbook Section 3855 – Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement and to adopt Section 3861 – Financial Instruments – Disclosure and Presentation which replaces Section 3250. Section 3855 establishes standards for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives. Section 3861 establishes standards for presentation of financial instruments and non-financial derivatives, and identifies the information that should be disclosed about them. The adoption of these standards is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


Hedges


Effective January 1, 2007, the Company will be required to adopt the changes to CICA Handbook Section 3865 - Hedges. This Section establishes standards for when and how hedge accounting may be applied. The adoption of these standards is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.




- 81 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


The difference between Canadian and US GAAP and their effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements are summarized below:


STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS


 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) earnings as reported

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    under Canadian GAAP

 

$ (9,460,716)

 

$ (8,131,069)

 

$         80,279

 

Accounting for interest (a)

 

292,308

 

353,721

 

311,618

 

Financial instruments (c)

 

1,421

 

18,161

 

31,157

 

Write-down of inventory and crop costs

 

(256,190)

 

199,116

 

192,642

 

Deferred income tax adjustment

 

(15,396)

 

(210,201)

 

(297,561)

 

Net earnings (loss) under US GAAP

 

(9,438,573)

 

(7,770,272)

 

318,135

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per share - restated

 

$         (0.27)

 

$         (0.22)

 

$             0.01

 

Weighted average number of common shares – restated

 

34,698,157

 

34,698,157

 

34,689,963

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share - restated

 

$         (0.27)

 

$         (0.22)

 

$             0.01

 

Weighted average number of common shares - restated

 

34,698,157

 

34,698,157

 

34,789,122


As disclosed in Note 3(j), the Company has restated the weighted average number of common shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for 2005 and 2004. The effect on the basic and diluted net loss per share is a decrease of $0.10 from $0.32 to $0.22 for the year ended December 31, 2005. There was no effect on the basic and diluted earnings per share for 2004.



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CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


The difference between Canadian and US GAAP and their effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements are summarized below (continued):


BALANCE SHEET


 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Inventory

- Canadian GAAP

$      8,627,699

 

$         7,199,091

 

 

- Interest capitalized (a)

(133,267)

 

(375,377)

 

 

- Financial instruments (c)

(3,684)

 

(5,108)

 

 

- Write-down of inventory

135,568

 

391,758

 

 

- US GAAP

$      8,626,316

 

$         7,210,364

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ginseng crops current

- Canadian GAAP

$      5,213,919

 

$         6,546,059

 

 

- Interest capitalized (a)

(13,455)

 

(51,899)

 

 

- US GAAP

$      5,200,464

 

$         6,494,160

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ginseng crops

- Canadian GAAP

$      9,305,416

 

$       12,802,486

 

 

- Interest capitalized (a)

(8,754)

 

(20,508)

 

 

- US GAAP

$      9,296,662

 

$       12,781,978

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future income taxes

- Canadian GAAP

$                    -

 

$         1,855,000

 

 

- Interest capitalized (a)

-

 

154,138

 

 

- Write-down of inventory (e)

-

 

(138,742)

 

 

- US GAAP

$                    -

 

$         1,870,396





- 83 -



CHAI-NA-TA CORP.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Stated in Canadian Dollars)

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004




20.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (Continued)


The difference between Canadian and US GAAP and their effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements are summarized below (continued):


BALANCE SHEET (continued)




 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Shareholders' Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Share Capital

- Canadian GAAP

$    38,246,209

 

$   38,246,209

 

 

- Stock options (f)

(20,626)

 

(20,626)

 

 

- US GAAP

$    38,225,583

 

$   38,225,583

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contributed Surplus

- Canadian GAAP

$         338,081

 

$        338,081

 

 

- Financial instruments (c)

1,062,069

 

1,062,069

 

 

- Stock dividend (d)

8,374,397

 

8,374,397

 

 

- Stock options (f)

(338,081)

 

(338,081)

 

 

- US GAAP

$      9,436,466

 

$     9,436,466

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deficit

- Canadian GAAP

$  (24,916,111)

 

$ (15,455,395)

 

 

- Interest capitalized (a)

(159,160)

 

(298,751)

 

 

- Financial instruments (c)

(1,062,069)

 

(1,062,069)

 

 

- Stock dividend (d)

(8,374,397)

 

(8,374,397)

 

 

- Write-down of inventory (e)

135,568

 

253,016

 

 

- Stock options (f)

358,707

 

358,707

 

 

- US GAAP

$  (34,017,462)

 

$ (24,578,889)





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EXHIBIT 8.1

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EXHIBIT 12.1

CERTIFICATION


I, Peter Leung, certify that:


1.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Chai-Na-Ta Corp.(the “Company”);


2.

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;


3.

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;


4.

The Company's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and have:

a.

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

b.

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

c.

Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.

The Company's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company's auditors and the audit committee of Company's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a.

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's internal control over financial reporting.



 

/s/ “PETER LEUNG”

 

 

 

Peter Leung, Chief Executive Officer


Date:  March 30, 2007



- 86 -





EXHIBIT 12.2

CERTIFICATION


I, Wilman Wong, certify that:


1.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Chai-Na-Ta Corp.(the “Company”);


2.

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;


3.

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;


4.

The Company's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and have:

a.

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

b.

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

c.

Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.

The Company's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company's auditors and the audit committee of Company's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a.

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's internal control over financial reporting.



 

/s/ “WILMAN WONG”

 

 

 

Wilman Wong, Chief Financial Officer


Date:  March 30, 2007



- 87 -





EXHIBIT 13.1



Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


In connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F of Chai-Na-Ta Corp (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers of the Company certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of such officer’s knowledge:


(1)

the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


(2)

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of the operations of the Company.


/s/  PETER LEUNG

 

/s/  WILMAN WONG

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:  Peter Leung

 

Name:  Wilman Wong

Title:    Chief Executive Officer

 

Title:    Chief Financial Officer

Date:    March 30, 2007

 

Date:    March 30, 2007





- 88 -