10. Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $131 compared to $187 for the same period in 2018. The expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was due to both domestic and foreign operations. The Company has net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes, however, due to the new tax legislation, there are limitations on the use of certain of the carryforwards and therefore the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset.

The following was the income before income taxes for each jurisdiction in which the Company has operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.



	Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018
United States	$	884	$	852
Singapore		117		248
Indonesia		21		21
United Kingdom		(192)		(236)
Germany		76		71
Income before income taxes	$	906	$	956