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Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Activity In The Non-Covered Allowance For Loan And Lease Losses
The following tables summarize activity related to the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateCommercialResidentialConsumer & OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases
Balance, beginning of period$77,813 $167,135 $50,329 $5,858 $301,135 
Initial ACL on PCD loans acquired during the period8,736 17,204 454 98 26,492 
Provision for credit losses for loans and leases (1)
24,483 70,997 9,955 1,063 106,498 
Charge-offs— (19,248)(248)(773)(20,269)
Recoveries58 3,058 123 369 3,608 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)58 (16,190)(125)(404)(16,661)
Balance, end of period$111,090 $239,146 $60,613 $6,615 $417,464 
Reserve for unfunded commitments
Balance, beginning of period$7,207 $3,049 $3,196 $769 $14,221 
Initial ACL recorded for unfunded commitments acquired during the period2,257 3,066 268 176 5,767 
(Recapture) provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments(1,059)266 (144)(22)(959)
Balance, end of period8,405 6,381 3,320 923 19,029 
Total allowance for credit losses$119,495 $245,527 $63,933 $7,538 $436,493 
(1) Includes $88.4 million initial provision related to non-PCD loans acquired during the period.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateCommercialResidentialConsumer & OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases
Balance, beginning of period$99,075 $117,573 $29,068 $2,696 $248,412 
(Recapture) provision for credit losses for loans and leases(7,462)8,812 2,872 1,474 5,696 
Charge-offs— (7,858)(167)(885)(8,910)
Recoveries25 2,545 173 623 3,366 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)25 (5,313)6 (262)(5,544)
Balance, end of period$91,638 $121,072 $31,946 $3,908 $248,564 
Reserve for unfunded commitments
Balance, beginning of period$8,461 $2,028 $1,957 $321 $12,767 
Provision (recapture) for credit losses on unfunded commitments277 (408)236 46 151 
Balance, end of period8,738 1,620 2,193 367 12,918 
Total allowance for credit losses$100,376 $122,692 $34,139 $4,275 $261,482 
Loans and Leases Past Due and Non-Accrual Loans and Leases
The following tables present the carrying value of the loans and leases past due, by loan and lease class, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
March 31, 2023
(in thousands)Greater than 30 to 59 Days Past Due60 to 89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More and AccruingTotal Past Due
Non-Accrual (1)
CurrentTotal Loans and Leases
Commercial real estate
Non-owner occupied term, net$2,929 $683 $— $3,612 $4,016 $6,345,922 $6,353,550 
Owner occupied term, net1,190 738 1 1,929 11,596 5,143,323 5,156,848 
Multifamily, net— — — — — 5,590,587 5,590,587 
Construction & development, net— — — — — 1,467,561 1,467,561 
Residential development, net— — — — — 440,667 440,667 
Commercial
Term, net3,451 1,550 93 5,094 9,640 5,892,040 5,906,774 
Lines of credit & other, net1,996 1,213 58 3,267 1,681 2,179,814 2,184,762 
Leases & equipment finance, net28,956 16,253 — 45,209 30,980 1,670,078 1,746,267 
Residential
Mortgage, net (2)
7,993 5,112 20,867 33,972 — 6,153,992 6,187,964 
Home equity loans & lines, net3,843 2,024 1,958 7,825 — 1,862,177 1,870,002 
Consumer & other, net470 240 140 850 — 185,448 186,298 
Total, net of deferred fees and costs$50,828 $27,813 $23,117 $101,758 $57,913 $36,931,609 $37,091,280 
(1) Loans and leases on non-accrual with an amortized cost basis of $57.9 million had a related allowance for credit losses of $30.4 million at March 31, 2023.
(2) Includes government guaranteed mortgage loans that Columbia has the right but not the obligation to repurchase that are past due 90 days or more, totaling $5.4 million at March 31, 2023.
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Greater than 30 to 59 Days Past Due60 to 89 Days Past Due90 Days or More and AccruingTotal Past Due
Non-Accrual (1)
Current and OtherTotal Loans and Leases
Commercial real estate
Non-owner occupied term, net$811 $538 $— $1,349 $2,963 $3,890,528 $3,894,840 
Owner occupied term, net168 50 1 219 2,048 2,565,494 2,567,761 
Multifamily, net— — — — — 5,285,791 5,285,791 
Construction & development, net— — — — — 1,077,346 1,077,346 
Residential development, net— — — — — 200,838 200,838 
Commercial
Term, net1,241 1,489 19 2,749 5,303 3,021,495 3,029,547 
Lines of credit & other, net514 419 4 937 — 959,117 960,054 
Leases & equipment finance, net19,929 23,288 7,886 51,103 20,388 1,634,681 1,706,172 
Residential
Mortgage, net (2)
847 10,619 24,943 36,409 — 5,610,626 5,647,035 
Home equity loans & lines, net2,808 1,526 1,569 5,903 — 1,626,062 1,631,965 
Consumer & other, net446 200 134 780 — 153,852 154,632 
Total, net of deferred fees and costs$26,764 $38,129 $34,556 $99,449 $30,702 $26,025,830 $26,155,981 
(1) Loans and leases on non-accrual with an amortized cost basis of $30.7 million had a related allowance for credit losses of $17.5 million at December 31, 2022.
(2) Includes government guaranteed mortgage loans that Columbia has the right but not the obligation to repurchase that are past due 90 days or more, totaling $6.6 million at December 31, 2022.
Collateral Dependent Loans and Leases The following table summarizes the amortized cost basis of the collateral dependent loans and leases by the type of collateral securing the assets as of March 31, 2023:
(in thousands)Residential Real EstateCommercial Real Estate General Business AssetsOtherTotal
Commercial real estate
  Non-owner occupied term, net$— $3,639 $— $— $3,639 
  Owner occupied term, net— 11,168 — — 11,168 
Commercial
   Term, net2,324 687 3,737 316 7,064 
   Line of credit & other, net— 447 760 88 1,295 
   Leases & equipment finance, net— — 30,980 — 30,980 
Residential
   Mortgage, net41,133 — — — 41,133 
   Home equity loans & lines, net3,057 — — — 3,057 
Total, net of deferred fees and costs$46,514 $15,941 $35,477 $404 $98,336 
Schedule Of Troubled Debt Restructurings
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at March 31, 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended March 31, 2023, by class and type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below.
(in thousands)Term ExtensionOther -Than-Insignificant Payment DelayCombination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term ExtensionCombination - Term Extension and Principal ForgivenessCombination - Principal forgiveness and other than insignificant payment delay% of total class of financing receivable
Commercial
  Lines of credit & other, net$1,355 $— $— $— $— 0.06 %
  Leases & equipment finance, net— 429 — — — 0.02 %
Residential
  Mortgage, net— — — 1,938 8,987 0.18 %
  Home equity loans & lines, net— — 207 — — 0.01 %
Total loans and leases experiencing financial difficulty$1,355 $429 $207 $1,938 $8,987 0.03 %

Type of ModificationLoan TypeFinancial Effect
Term extensionLines of credit & other, net
Added a weighted average 10 months to the life of the loans, which reduced monthly payments for the borrowers
Other-than-insignificant payment delayLeases & equipment finance, net
Delayed payment for 9 months
Combination - term extension and principal forgivenessHome equity loans & lines, net
Added a weighted average 7.1 years to the life of the loan and decreased the weighted average interest rate by 3.24%.
Combination - term extension and principal forgivenessMortgage, net
Added a weighted average 13.3 years to the life of the loan and deferred $179,000 of principal payments at the maturity of the loan.
Combination - principal forgiveness and other-than-insignificant payment delayMortgage, net
Deferred $320,000 of principal payments at the maturity of the loan.
Internal Risk Rating By Loan Class The following tables represent the amortized costs basis of the loans and leases by credit classification and vintage year by loan and lease class of financing receivable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
March 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
Commercial real estate:
Non-owner occupied term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$124,614 $1,285,216 $1,161,873 $675,468 $818,898 $2,053,533 $57,328 $21,308 $6,198,238 
Special mention— 1,176 3,276 1,449 10,506 17,329 — 1,431 35,167 
Substandard— 451 — 1,599 19,446 93,831 — 4,608 119,935 
Doubtful— — — — — 197 — — 197 
Loss— — — — — 13 — — 13 
Total non-owner occupied term, net$124,614 $1,286,843 $1,165,149 $678,516 $848,850 $2,164,903 $57,328 $27,347 $6,353,550 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Owner occupied term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$114,598 $1,193,947 $1,054,672 $481,430 $592,964 $1,502,448 $56,923 $31,581 $5,028,563 
Special mention296 462 21,989 3,991 11,299 22,274 — — 60,311 
Substandard— 2,091 5,245 17,714 19,496 22,201 71 — 66,818 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — 1,052 104 — — 1,156 
Total owner occupied term, net$114,894 $1,196,500 $1,081,906 $503,135 $624,811 $1,547,027 $56,994 $31,581 $5,156,848 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Multifamily, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$13,039 $2,034,323 $1,617,754 $412,892 $616,116 $841,765 $42,973 $8,852 $5,587,714 
Special mention— — 1,297 — — — — — 1,297 
Substandard— — — — — 1,576 — — 1,576 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total multifamily, net$13,039 $2,034,323 $1,619,051 $412,892 $616,116 $843,341 $42,973 $8,852 $5,590,587 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Construction & development, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$36,112 $430,366 $669,754 $183,298 $94,147 $36,895 $13,685 $1,586 $1,465,843 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 1,718 — — 1,718 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total construction & development, net$36,112 $430,366 $669,754 $183,298 $94,147 $38,613 $13,685 $1,586 $1,467,561 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
March 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
Residential development, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$13,358 $129,916 $56,067 $3,334 $— $1,842 $234,748 $1,402 $440,667 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total residential development, net$13,358 $129,916 $56,067 $3,334 $— $1,842 $234,748 $1,402 $440,667 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial real estate$302,017 $5,077,948 $4,591,927 $1,781,175 $2,183,924 $4,595,726 $405,728 $70,768 $19,009,213 
Commercial:
Term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$148,566 $1,329,643 $1,113,593 $449,838 $337,845 $755,284 $1,323,569 $188,984 $5,647,322 
Special mention— 38,165 47,723 331 4,457 10,658 — 887 102,221 
Substandard— 5,006 9,425 4,464 17,472 39,141 60,731 18,752 154,991 
Doubtful— — 120 700 — 317 — 47 1,184 
Loss— — 18 — — 1,006 — 32 1,056 
Total term, net$148,566 $1,372,814 $1,170,879 $455,333 $359,774 $806,406 $1,384,300 $208,702 $5,906,774 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— 13 — — — 22 — — 35 
Lines of credit & other, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$54,159 $112,845 $49,633 $13,090 $34,820 $12,208 $1,740,319 $52,498 $2,069,572 
Special mention1,673 1,969 — — — — 72,892 481 77,015 
Substandard— — — — — 8,079 20,114 9,640 37,833 
Doubtful— — — — — — 99 210 309 
Loss— — — — — — — 33 33 
Total lines of credit & other, net$55,832 $114,814 $49,633 $13,090 $34,820 $20,287 $1,833,424 $62,862 $2,184,762 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — 193 286 479 
Leases & equipment finance, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$245,504 $709,291 $317,866 $161,083 $127,018 $86,193 $— $— $1,646,955 
Special mention173 16,040 9,755 3,545 2,356 838 — — 32,707 
Substandard584 13,072 6,508 2,445 2,047 962 — — 25,618 
Doubtful12 16,080 12,945 4,107 2,554 825 — — 36,523 
Loss— 2,192 1,196 541 390 145 — — 4,464 
Total leases & equipment finance, net$246,273 $756,675 $348,270 $171,721 $134,365 $88,963 $— $— $1,746,267 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs2 6,326 7,058 2,228 1,788 1,332 — — 18,734 
Total commercial$450,671 $2,244,303 $1,568,782 $640,144 $528,959 $915,656 $3,217,724 $271,564 $9,837,803 
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
March 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
Residential:
Mortgage, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$17,122 $1,689,103 $2,623,063 $538,990 $472,233 $818,883 $— $— $6,159,394 
Special mention— 688 2,158 1,624 2,132 6,503 — — 13,105 
Substandard— — 1,001 918 1,328 9,456 — — 12,703 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — 329 863 154 1,416 — — 2,762 
Total mortgage, net$17,122 $1,689,791 $2,626,551 $542,395 $475,847 $836,258 $— $— $6,187,964 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Home equity loans & lines, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$238 $1,087 $762 $— $32 $9,486 $1,811,602 $39,164 $1,862,371 
Special mention— — — — — 97 4,193 1,577 5,867 
Substandard— — — — — 60 360 304 724 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — 32 650 358 1,040 
Total home equity loans & lines, net$238 $1,087 $762 $— $32 $9,675 $1,816,805 $41,403 $1,870,002 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — 248 — 248 
Total residential$17,360 $1,690,878 $2,627,313 $542,395 $475,879 $845,933 $1,816,805 $41,403 $8,057,966 
Consumer & other, net:
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$18,382 $21,474 $9,523 $6,931 $5,812 $7,741 $113,244 $2,343 $185,450 
Special mention— 51 11 53 37 69 371 117 709 
Substandard— 5 — — — 28 87 9 129 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — 7 3 — 10 
Total consumer & other, net$18,382 $21,530 $9,534 $6,984 $5,849 $7,845 $113,705 $2,469 $186,298 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs507 4 9 1 17 18 124 93 773 
Grand total$788,430 $9,034,659 $8,797,556 $2,970,698 $3,194,611 $6,365,160 $5,553,962 $386,204 $37,091,280 
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
Commercial real estate:
Non-owner occupied term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$726,865 $746,833 $389,476 $590,571 $404,905 $968,254 $4,327 $4,442 $3,835,673 
Special mention1,185 — 1,482 4,597 4,002 4,603 — — 15,869 
Substandard452 — — 311 34,393 8,129 — — 43,285 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — 13 — — 13 
Total non-owner occupied term, net$728,502 $746,833 $390,958 $595,479 $443,300 $980,999 $4,327 $4,442 $3,894,840 
Owner occupied term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$660,479 $544,011 $183,996 $307,944 $211,539 $585,740 $4,552 $117 $2,498,378 
Special mention2,091 20,328 239 3,279 9,527 19,562 — — 55,026 
Substandard— — 404 660 1,356 11,833 — — 14,253 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — 104 — — 104 
Total owner occupied term, net$662,570 $564,339 $184,639 $311,883 $222,422 $617,239 $4,552 $117 $2,567,761 
Multifamily, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$1,944,714 $1,556,986 $364,306 $618,523 $219,260 $496,628 $82,467 $2,907 $5,285,791 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total multifamily, net$1,944,714 $1,556,986 $364,306 $618,523 $219,260 $496,628 $82,467 $2,907 $5,285,791 
Construction & development, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$248,437 $505,680 $205,577 $83,808 $— $18,183 $2,393 $— $1,064,078 
Special mention— 13,268 — — — — — — 13,268 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total construction & development, net$248,437 $518,948 $205,577 $83,808 $— $18,183 $2,393 $— $1,077,346 
Residential development, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$38,662 $20,609 $417 $— $— $— $141,150 $— $200,838 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total residential development, net$38,662 $20,609 $417 $— $— $— $141,150 $— $200,838 
Total commercial real estate$3,622,885 $3,407,715 $1,145,897 $1,609,693 $884,982 $2,113,049 $234,889 $7,466 $13,026,576 
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
Commercial:
Term, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$792,764 $643,930 $174,188 $156,068 $130,309 $278,695 $744,193 $44,033 $2,964,180 
Special mention— 1,138 3 100 1,488 935 — 411 4,075 
Substandard16,424 1,403 1,362 1,358 10,619 2,211 27,240 — 60,617 
Doubtful— — 675 — — — — — 675 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total term, net$809,188 $646,471 $176,228 $157,526 $142,416 $281,841 $771,433 $44,444 $3,029,547 
Lines of credit & other, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$57,715 $6,271 $4,660 $13,304 $8,653 $1,257 $813,110 $36,573 $941,543 
Special mention— — — — — — 5,833 1,933 7,766 
Substandard— 314 — — — 1,102 6,031 3,294 10,741 
Doubtful— — — — — — — 1 1 
Loss— — — — — — 3 — 3 
Total lines of credit & other, net$57,715 $6,585 $4,660 $13,304 $8,653 $2,359 $824,977 $41,801 $960,054 
Leases & equipment finance, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$812,537 $362,612 $190,507 $149,667 $62,292 $40,328 $— $— $1,617,943 
Special mention9,840 8,403 2,902 2,423 665 182 — — 24,415 
Substandard11,531 8,165 3,452 2,697 1,477 177 — — 27,499 
Doubtful11,822 13,034 4,326 3,419 1,211 197 — — 34,009 
Loss1,243 505 275 236 28 19 — — 2,306 
Total leases & equipment finance, net$846,973 $392,719 $201,462 $158,442 $65,673 $40,903 $— $— $1,706,172 
Total commercial$1,713,876 $1,045,775 $382,350 $329,272 $216,742 $325,103 $1,596,410 $86,245 $5,695,773 
Residential:
Mortgage, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$1,465,067 $2,389,861 $485,576 $471,416 $143,611 $661,715 $— $— $5,617,246 
Special mention307 1,351 1,203 2,365 752 5,487 — — 11,465 
Substandard— 1,664 1,041 2,693 2,015 9,907 — — 17,320 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— 561 — 193 193 57 — — 1,004 
Total mortgage, net$1,465,374 $2,393,437 $487,820 $476,667 $146,571 $677,166 $— $— $5,647,035 
Home equity loans & lines, net
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$1,117 $630 $— $— $16 $7,320 $1,584,200 $32,778 $1,626,061 
Special mention— — — — — 79 3,208 1,047 4,334 
Substandard— — — — — 53 557 154 764 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — 357 449 806 
Total home equity loans & lines, net$1,117 $630 $— $— $16 $7,452 $1,588,322 $34,428 $1,631,965 
Total residential$1,466,491 $2,394,067 $487,820 $476,667 $146,587 $684,618 $1,588,322 $34,428 $7,279,000 
(in thousands)Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving to Non-Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
Consumer & other, net:
Credit quality indicator:
Pass/Watch$22,959 $7,990 $6,701 $6,232 $2,626 $4,436 $102,465 $442 $153,851 
Special mention6 — 27 14 42 66 371 122 648 
Substandard— 9 1 9 — 32 47 25 123 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — 7 3 — 10 
Total consumer & other, net$22,965 $7,999 $6,729 $6,255 $2,668 $4,541 $102,886 $589 $154,632 
Grand total$6,826,217 $6,855,556 $2,022,796 $2,421,887 $1,250,979 $3,127,311 $3,522,507 $128,728 $26,155,981