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Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

As used herein, “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to (i) prior to February 2, 2021 (the “Emergence Date”), SESI Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Energy Services, Inc.) and its subsidiaries (“Predecessor”) and (ii) after the Emergence Date, Superior Energy Services, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Newco, Inc.) and its subsidiaries (“Successor”).

As used herein, the following terms refer to our operations:


"Predecessor Period"	January 1, 2021 through February 2, 2021
"Successor Period"	February 3, 2021 through December 31, 2021

Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Certain previously reported amounts, specifically related to assets held for sale and discontinued operations, have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

Due to the lack of comparability with historical financials, our consolidated financial statements and related footnotes are presented with a “black line” division to emphasize the lack of comparability between amounts presented as of, and after, February 2, 2021 and amounts presented for all prior periods. Our financial results for future periods following the application of fresh start accounting will be different from historical trends and the differences may be material.

Business

We serve major, national and independent oil and natural gas exploration and production companies around the world and offer products and services with respect to the various phases of a well’s economic life cycle.

Historically, we provided a wide variety of services and products to many markets within the energy industry. Our core businesses focus on products and services that we believe meet the criteria of:

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being critical to our customers’ oil and gas operations;

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limiting competition from the three largest global oilfield service companies;

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requiring deep technical expertise through the design or use of our products or services, such as premium drill pipe and drilling bottom hole assembly accessory rentals;

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unlikely to become a commoditized product or service to our customers; and

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providing strong cash flow generation capacity and opportunities.

The result of this approach is a portfolio of business lines grounded in our core mission of providing high quality products and services while maintaining the trust and serving the needs of our customers, with an emphasis on free cash flow generation and capital efficiency.

Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11

On December 7, 2020, certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries (the “Affiliate Debtors”) filed petitions for reorganization under the provisions of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and, in connection therewith, filed the proposed Joint Prepackaged Plan of Reorganization (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Plan”). On the Emergence Date, the conditions to the effectiveness of the Plan were satisfied and we emerged from Chapter 11.

On the Emergence Date, we qualified for and adopted fresh start accounting in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic No. 852 – Reorganizations, which specifies the accounting and financial reporting requirements for entities reorganizing through Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. The application of fresh start accounting resulted in a new basis of accounting and we became a new entity for financial reporting purposes. As a result of the implementation of the Plan and the application of fresh start accounting, our historical financial statements on or before the Emergence Date are not a reliable indicator of our results of operations for any period after our adoption of fresh start accounting.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the accompanying financial statements, we make various estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities reported as of the dates of the balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for the periods shown in the income statements and statements of cash flows. All estimates, assumptions, valuations and financial projections related to fresh start accounting, including the fair value adjustments, the enterprise value and equity value projections, are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and the resolution of contingencies beyond our control.

Major Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk

The majority of our business is conducted with major and independent oil and gas companies. We evaluate the financial strength of our customers and provide allowances for probable credit losses when deemed necessary.

The market for our services and products is the oil and gas industry in the U.S. land and Gulf of Mexico areas and select international market areas. Oil and gas companies make capital expenditures on exploration, development and production operations. The level of these expenditures historically has been characterized by significant volatility.

We derive a large amount of revenue from a small number of major and independent oil and gas companies. There were no customers that exceeded 10% of our total revenues in 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Our assets that are potentially exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. The financial institutions with which we transact business are large, investment grade financial institutions which are “well capitalized” under applicable regulatory capital adequacy guidelines, thereby minimizing our exposure to credit risks for deposits in excess of federally insured amounts.

Cash Equivalents

We consider all short-term investments with a maturity of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount or the earned amount but not yet invoiced and do not bear interest. We maintain our allowance for doubtful accounts at net realizable value. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our best estimate of probable uncollectible amounts in existing accounts receivable. We assess individual customers and overall receivables balances to identify amounts that are believed to be uncertain of collection. The aging of the receivable balance as well as economic factors concerning the customer factor into the judgment and estimation of allowances, which often involve significant dollar amounts. Adjustments to the allowance in future periods may be made based on changing customer conditions. Our allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $6.1 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

As part of the adoption of fresh start accounting and effective upon emergence from bankruptcy, we have adopted new presentations for certain items within our consolidated balance sheets and statement of operations. Prior to emergence from bankruptcy, we recognized bad debt expense within general and administrative expenses. These expenses are now recognized within cost of revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "Current Period"), we recognized $2.2 million in bad debt expense. During the Successor Period and Predecessor Period, we recognized $4.9 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in bad debt recoveries. Additionally, in the year ended December 31, 2020 (the "Prior Period"), we recognized bad debt expense of $11.9 million.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with contractual terms, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for services rendered, rentals provided or products sold. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities and revenues are reported on a net basis.

A performance obligation arises under contracts with customers and is the unit of account under Topic 606. We account for services rendered and rentals provided separately if they are distinct and the service or rental is separately identifiable from other items provided to a customer and if a customer can benefit from the services rendered or rentals provided on their own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. A contract’s standalone selling prices are determined based on the prices charged for services rendered, rentals provided or products sold. Our payment terms vary by the type of products or services offered. The term between invoicing and when the payment is due is typically 30 days.

Services revenue: primarily represents amounts charged to customers for the completion of services rendered, including labor, products and supplies necessary to perform the service. Rates for these services vary depending on the type of services provided and are primarily based on a per hour or per day basis.

Rentals revenue: primarily priced on a per day, per man hour or similar basis and consists of fees charged to customers for use of rental equipment over the term of the rental period, which is generally less than twelve months.

Product sales: products are generally sold based upon purchase orders or contracts with our customers that include fixed or determinable prices but do not include right of return provisions or other significant post-delivery obligations. We recognize revenue from product sales when title passes to the customer, the customer assumes risks and rewards of ownership, collectability is reasonably assured and delivery occurs as directed by the customer.

We expense sales commissions when incurred as the amortization period would have been one year or less.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, except for assets for which reduction in value is recorded during the period and assets acquired using purchase accounting, which are recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:


Machinery and equipment		3-12 years
Buildings, improvements and leasehold improvements		10-30 years
Automobiles, trucks, tractors and trailers		4-7 years
Furniture and fixtures		3-10 years

Reduction In Value Of Long-Lived Assets

Reduction in Value of Long-Lived Assets

We review long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of any such asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of an asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. We record impairment losses on long-lived assets to be held and used in operations when the fair value of those assets is less than their respective carrying amount. Impairment losses are recorded in the amount by which the carrying amount of such assets exceeds the fair value. Fair value is measured, in part, by the estimated cash flows to be generated by those assets. Our cash flow estimates are based upon, among other things, historical results adjusted to reflect our best estimate of future market rates, utilization levels and operating performance. Our estimates of cash flows may differ from actual cash flows due to, among other things, changes in economic conditions or changes in an asset’s operating performance. Assets are generally grouped by subsidiary or division for the impairment testing, which represent the lowest level of identifiable cash flows. Assets held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Our estimate of fair value represents our best estimate based on industry trends and reference to market transactions and is subject to variability. The oil and gas industry is cyclical and our estimates of the period over which future cash flows will be generated, as well as the predictability of these cash flows, can have a significant impact on the carrying value of these assets and, in periods of prolonged down cycles, may result in impairment charges.

Prior to emergence from bankruptcy, we recognized the reduction in value assets separately on the consolidated statement of operations. Reduction in value of assets are now recognized within other (gains) and losses, net as a component of operating income.

Other (Gains) and Losses, Net

Other (gains) and losses, net

Other (gains) and losses, net primarily relate to charges recorded as part of our strategic disposal of low margin assets in line with our efforts to reconfigure our organization both operationally and financially (the “Transformation Project”) and includes gains and losses on the disposal of assets, as well as impairments related to long-lived assets.

Other gains, net for the Current Period were $29.1 million, and are primarily comprised of gains of $23.6 million related to our Well Services segment, including a gain of $17.4 million from revisions in estimates related to our decommissioning liability, and $5.2 million related to net gains on the disposal of assets in our Rentals segment.

Other losses, net in the Successor Period were $16.7 million, and are comprised of $13.1 million related to our Well Services segment, including approximately $11.7 million from exit activities related to SES Energy Services India Pvt. Ltd, and $3.6 million related to our Rentals segment.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2022 includes approximately $77.3 million held in a collateral account for the payment and performance of secured obligations including the reimbursement of letters of credit. Additionally, we hold approximately $2.8 million in escrow to secure the future decommissioning obligations related to the oil and gas property.

Income Taxes

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method considers the differences between financial statement treatment and tax treatment of certain transactions. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Our deferred tax calculation requires us to make certain estimates about our future operations. Changes in state, federal and foreign tax laws, as well as changes in our financial condition or the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities, could affect these estimates. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that the rate is enacted.

We recognize deferred tax assets ("DTAs") to the extent that we believe that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, carryback potential if permitted under the tax law, and results of recent operations. If we determine that we would be able to realize our DTAs in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we would make an adjustment to the DTA valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.

We record uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of our international subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Financial statements of our international subsidiaries are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the historical exchange rate for affected the long-term assets and liabilities and the balance sheet date exchange rate for affected current assets and liabilities. An average exchange rate is used for each period for revenues and expenses. These transaction gains and losses, as well as any other transactions in a currency other than the functional currency, are included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the currency exchange rates change. During the Current Period, the Successor Period, the Predecessor Period and the Prior Period, we recorded foreign currency losses of $12.6 million, $8.8 million, $2.1 million and $8.9 million, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

We record compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions and include such costs in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The cost is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity award).

Self-Insurance Reserves

We are self-insured, through deductibles and retentions, up to certain levels for losses under our insurance programs. We accrue for these liabilities based on estimates of the ultimate cost of claims incurred as of the balance sheet date. We regularly review the estimates of asserted and unasserted claims and provide for losses through reserves. We obtain actuarial reviews to evaluate the reasonableness of internal estimates for losses related to workers’ compensation, auto liability and group medical on an annual basis.

Restructuring expenses

Restructuring expenses in our consolidated statement of operations during the Current Period, Successor Period and Predecessor Period were $6.4 million, $23.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Restructuring expenses in the Current Period represent costs associated with our Transformation Project, as well as legal and other professional expenses primarily related to certain tax and shareholder distribution matters. Restructuring expenses in the Successor Period and Predecessor Period primarily relate to professional fees and separation costs related to former executives and personnel. Additionally, during the Successor Period, we incurred shut down costs of $8.9 million at certain locations in our Well Services segment. These shut down costs include the write-down of inventory of $6.5 million which is reflected in cost of sales and the severance of personnel and other shut down costs of $2.4 million which is primarily reflected in cost of services.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). This update improves financial reporting by requiring earlier recognition of credit losses on financing receivables and other financial assets in scope by using the Current Expected Credit Losses (the “CECL”) model. The CECL model utilizes a lifetime expected credit loss measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses on financial instruments at the time the asset is originated or acquired. This update will apply to receivables arising from revenue transactions. The new standard is effective for us beginning on January 1, 2023. We have concluded that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform — Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (Topic 848). This update provides an optional expedient and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In response to the concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates (“IBORs”) and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), regulators in several jurisdictions around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction-based and less susceptible to manipulation. The ASU provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, which clarifies that certain provisions in Topic 848, if elected by an entity, apply to derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment that is modified as a result of reference rate reform. The amendments in these ASUs are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. As our credit agreement allows for alternative benchmark rates to be applied to any borrowings, we do not expect the cessation of LIBOR to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.