Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Title of each class: | Trading symbol: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | ||||||
☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐ | ||||||||||||
Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ||||||||||||
Emerging Growth Company |
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||||||||
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | ||||||||
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS | |||||
Abbreviation | Definition | ||||
2018 Annual Report | Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2019 | ||||
2019 Notes | $245.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior unsecured notes due 2019 | ||||
2023 Notes | $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior unsecured notes due 2023 | ||||
Ab Initio | Ab Initio Biotherapeutics, Inc. | ||||
Abvivo | Abvivo, LLC | ||||
Amgen | Amgen, Inc. | ||||
ANDA | Abbreviated New Drug Application | ||||
ASC | Accounting Standards Codification | ||||
ASU | Accounting Standards Update | ||||
Aziyo | Aziyo Med, LLC | ||||
BeiGene | BeiGene Switzerland GmbH | ||||
BendaRx | BendaRx Corp. | ||||
CE | Captisol-enabled | ||||
CEO | Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Company | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, including subsidiaries | ||||
COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | ||||
CorMatrix | CorMatrix Cardiovascular, Inc. | ||||
CVR | Contingent value right | ||||
Crystal | Crystal Bioscience, Inc. | ||||
CStone Pharmaceuticals | CStone Pharmaceuticals (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. | ||||
CyDex | CyDex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||||
Dianomi Therapeutics | Dianomi Therapeutics, Inc. | ||||
ESPP | Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended and restated | ||||
FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board | ||||
FDA | Food and Drug Administration | ||||
GAAP | Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States | ||||
GigaGen | GigaGen, Inc. | ||||
GPCR | G-protein coupled receptor | ||||
GRA | Glucagon receptor antagonist | ||||
Hikma | Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC | ||||
IPR&D | In-process Research and Development | ||||
Kira Pharma | Kira Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | ||||
Ligand | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, including subsidiaries | ||||
Marinus Pharmaceuticals | Marinus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||||
Metabasis | Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc. | ||||
Metavant | Metavant Sciences | ||||
Millennium | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||||
NDA | New Drug Application | ||||
Novan | Novan, Inc. | ||||
Novartis | Novartis AG | ||||
Nucorion Pharmaceuticals | Nucorion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||||
Opthea | Opthea Limited | ||||
OTTI | Other-than-temporary impairment | ||||
PFS | Progression-free Survival | ||||
Pfizer | Pfizer Inc. | ||||
Q3 2018 | The Company's fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2018 | ||||
Q3 2019 | The Company's fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 | ||||
Quadriga Bio | Quadriga Biosciences, Inc. | ||||
Retrophin | Retrophin, Inc. | ||||
Roivant | Roivant Sciences GMBH |
Sage Therapeutics | Sage Therapeutics, Inc. | ||||
SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission | ||||
Seelos Therapeutics | Seelos Therapeutics, Inc. | ||||
Selexis | Selexis, SA | ||||
Sermonix Pharmaceuticals | Sermonix Pharmaceuticals, LLC | ||||
sNDA | Supplemental New Drug Application | ||||
SQ Innovation | SQ Innovation, Inc. | ||||
Takeda | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company | ||||
Talem Therapeutics | Talem Therapeutics LLC | ||||
Teva | Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Actavis, LLC, collectively | ||||
Vernalis | Vernalis plc | ||||
VDP | Vernalis Design Platform | ||||
Verona Pharma | Verona Pharma plc | ||||
Viking | Viking Therapeutics, Inc. | ||||
WuXi | WuXi Biologics Ireland Limited | ||||
YTD | Year-to-date |
September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Short-term investments | |||||||||||
Investment in Viking | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||||
Inventory | |||||||||||
Derivative asset | |||||||||||
Other current assets | |||||||||||
Total current assets | |||||||||||
Deferred income taxes, net | |||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
Goodwill | |||||||||||
Commercial license and other economic rights, net | |||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
Operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
Other assets | |||||||||||
Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
Income tax payable | |||||||||||
Current contingent liabilities | |||||||||||
Deferred revenue | |||||||||||
2019 convertible senior notes, net | |||||||||||
Derivative liability | |||||||||||
Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
2023 convertible senior notes, net | |||||||||||
Long-term contingent liabilities | |||||||||||
Deferred income taxes, net | |||||||||||
Long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||
Total liabilities | |||||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||
Stockholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 60,000 shares authorized; 17,563 and 20,766 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively | |||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | ( | ||||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | |||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | $ |
Three months ended | Nine months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Material sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
License fees, milestones and other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of material sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development | |||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from sale of Promacta license | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from Viking | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Other expense, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (loss), net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares used in basic per share calculations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted net income (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares used in diluted per share calculations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended | Nine months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss): | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized net gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Additional paid in capital | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Retain earnings (Accumulated deficit) | Total stockholders' equity | ||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized net gain on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Other tax adjustments | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized net gain on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other tax adjustments | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized net loss on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other tax adjustments | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ |
Common Stock | Additional paid in capital | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Accumulated deficit | Total stockholders' equity | ||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of equity component of currently redeemable convertible notes | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized net loss on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2016-01 | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASU 2014-09, net of tax | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of equity component of currently redeemable convertible notes | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized net loss on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Derivative associated with 2019 Notes and Bond Hedge | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Loss on settlement of 2019 Notes | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Tax effect on 2019 Notes transactions | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative associated with 2023 Notes and Bond Hedge | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Warrant derivative in connection with 2023 Notes | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Tax effect for 2023 Notes transactions | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other tax adjustments | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock compensation plans, net | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Other tax adjustments | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2018 | ( | ( |
Nine months ended | |||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Gain from sale of Promacta license | ( | ||||||||||
Non-cash change in estimated fair value of contingent liabilities | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
Amortization of discount on investments, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
Amortization of debt discount and issuance fees | |||||||||||
Amortization of other economic rights | |||||||||||
Share-based compensation | |||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | |||||||||||
Loss (gain) from investment in Viking | ( | ||||||||||
Other | ( | ( | |||||||||
Royalties recorded in retained earnings upon adoption of ASC 606 | |||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisition: | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | ( | ||||||||||
Inventory | ( | ( | |||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
Income tax payable | |||||||||||
Other economic rights | ( | ||||||||||
Other | ( | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of Promacta license | |||||||||||
Purchase of short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments | |||||||||||
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments | |||||||||||
Cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired | ( | ||||||||||
Cash paid for equity method investment | ( | ||||||||||
Other | ( | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
Repayment of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
Gross proceeds from issuance of 2023 Notes | |||||||||||
Payment of debt issuance costs | ( | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of warrants | |||||||||||
Purchase of convertible bond hedge | ( | ||||||||||
Proceeds from convertible bond hedge settlement | |||||||||||
Payments to convert holders for bond conversion | ( | ||||||||||
Net proceeds from stock option exercises and ESPP | |||||||||||
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | ( | ( | |||||||||
Share repurchase | ( | ( | |||||||||
Payments to CVR Holders | ( | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | ( | ||||||||||
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | |||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||||
Interest paid | $ | $ | |||||||||
Taxes paid | $ | $ | |||||||||
Restricted cash in other current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
Supplemental schedule of non-cash activity: | |||||||||||
Accrued fixed asset purchases | $ | $ | |||||||||
Unrealized gain on AFS investments | $ | $ | |||||||||
Excess of conversion value over the principal amount of 2019 Notes paid in shares | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Value of shares reacquired under convertible bond hedge transaction entered into with 2019 Notes | $ | $ |
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Promacta | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Kyprolis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Evomela | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Material Sales | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Captisol | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
License fees, milestones and other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Fees | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Milestone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ |
September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized cost | Gross unrealized gains | Gross unrealized losses | Estimated fair value | Amortized cost | Gross unrealized gains | Gross unrealized losses | Estimated fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank deposits | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate bonds | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government bonds | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal bonds | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate equity securities(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ |
September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Goodwill | $ | $ | |||||||||
Definite lived intangible assets | |||||||||||
Complete technology | |||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||
Trade name | |||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
Customer relationships | |||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
Total goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
(1) accumulated amortization for complete technology includes immaterial amount of foreign currency translation adjustments for the complete technology acquired from the Vernalis acquisition. |
September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Aziyo and CorMatrix | $ | $ | |||||||||
Novan | |||||||||||
Palvella | |||||||||||
Selexis | |||||||||||
Dianomi | |||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization attributed to principal or research and development | ( | ( | |||||||||
Total commercial license and other economic rights, net | $ | $ |
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||
Compensation | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Professional fees | ||||||||||||||
Amounts owed to former licensees | ||||||||||||||
Royalties owed to third parties | ||||||||||||||
Payments due to broker for share repurchases | ||||||||||||||
Return reserve | ||||||||||||||
Restructuring | ||||||||||||||
Current operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||
Total accrued liabilities | $ | $ |
Three months ended | Nine months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense as a component of: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | $ |
Three months ended | Nine months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend yield | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected volatility | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected term | N/A |
Three months ended | Nine months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dilutive potential common shares: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 Convertible Senior Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares used to compute diluted income per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Potentially dilutive shares excluded from calculation due to anti-dilutive effect | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in Viking common stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in Viking warrants(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crystal contingent liabilities(3) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CyDex contingent liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Metabasis contingent liabilities(4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts owed to former licensor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ |
September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||
Principal amount of 2019 Notes outstanding | $ | $ | |||||||||
Unamortized discount (including unamortized debt issuance cost) | ( | ||||||||||
Total current portion of notes payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Principal amount of 2023 Notes outstanding | $ | $ | |||||||||
Unamortized discount (including unamortized debt issuance cost) | ( | ( | |||||||||
Total long-term portion of notes payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Carrying value of equity component of 2023 Notes | $ | $ | |||||||||
Fair value of both 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes outstanding (Level 2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Stock Options | Restricted Stock Awards | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Granted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Options exercised/RSUs vested | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2019 | $ | $ |
September 30, 2019 | Balance Sheet Classification | ||||||||||
Lease assets | $ | Operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||
Current lease liabilities | $ | ( | Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
Non-current lease liabilities | ( | Long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||
Total lease liabilities | $ | ( |
Maturity Dates | September 30, 2019 | |||||||
Remaining three months ending December 31, 2019 | $ | |||||||
2020 | ||||||||
2021 | ||||||||
2022 | ||||||||
2023 | ||||||||
Thereafter | ||||||||
Total lease payments | ||||||||
Less imputed interest | ( | |||||||
Present value of lease liabilities | $ |
(Dollars in thousands) | Q3 2019 | Q3 2018 | Change | % Change | YTD 2019 | YTD 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royalties | $ | 9,767 | $ | 36,127 | $ | (26,360) | (73) | % | $ | 35,931 | $ | 88,343 | $ | (52,412) | (59) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Material sales | 6,849 | 7,027 | (178) | (3) | % | 24,357 | 19,030 | 5,327 | 28 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License fees, milestones and other revenue | 8,192 | 2,509 | 5,683 | 227 | % | 32,991 | 84,490 | (51,499) | (61) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 24,808 | $ | 45,663 | $ | (20,855) | (46) | % | $ | 93,279 | $ | 191,863 | $ | (98,584) | (51) | % |
(in millions) | Q3 2019 Estimated Partner Product Sales | Effective Royalty Rate | Q3 2019 Royalty Revenue | Q3 2018 Partner Product Sales | Effective Royalty Rate | Q3 2018 Royalty Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||
Promacta | N/A | N/A | N/A | $ | 295.0 | 9.4 | % | $ | 27.8 | |||||||||||||||||
Kyprolis | $ | 279.0 | 2.7 | % | $ | 7.6 | 243.0 | 2.6 | % | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Evomela | 7.5 | 20.0 | % | 1.5 | 6.8 | 20.0 | % | 1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | 50.7 | 1.2 | % | 0.6 | 45.7 | 1.5 | % | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 337.2 | $ | 9.7 | $ | 590.5 | $ | 36.1 |
(in millions) | YTD 2019 Estimated Partner Product Sales | Effective Royalty Rate | YTD 2019 Royalty Revenue | YTD 2018 Partner Product Sales | Effective Royalty Rate | YTD 2018 Royalty Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
Promacta (1) | $ | 225.1 | 6.3 | % | $ | 14.2 | $ | 844.0 | 8.1 | % | $ | 68.2 | |||||||||||
Kyprolis | 778.0 | 2.1 | % | 16.3 | 752.0 | 1.9 | % | 14.4 | |||||||||||||||
Evomela | 17.7 | 20.0 | % | 3.5 | 20.6 | 20.0 | % | 4.1 | |||||||||||||||
Other | 142.8 | 1.3 | % | 1.9 | 131.1 | 1.2 | % | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,163.6 | $ | 35.9 | $ | 1,747.7 | $ | 88.3 |
(Dollars in thousands) | Q3 2019 | % of Revenue | Q3 2018 | % of Revenue | YTD 2019 | % of Revenue | YTD 2018 | % of Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Costs of material sales | $ | 3,147 | $ | 1,460 | 9,410 | 3,382 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles | 3,552 | 5,725 | 10,560 | 12,309 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development | 13,742 | 5,483 | 37,244 | 19,023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 9,525 | 9,633 | 31,607 | 26,571 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | $ | 29,966 | 121% | $ | 22,301 | 49% | $ | 88,821 | 95% | $ | 61,285 | 32% |
(Dollars in thousands) | Q3 2019 | Q3 2018 | Change | YTD 2019 | YTD 2018 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from Viking | $ | (10,520) | $ | 62,398 | $ | (72,918) | $ | (5,592) | $ | 124,206 | $ | (129,798) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 7,396 | 5,474 | 1,922 | 22,590 | 9,111 | 13,479 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (8,993) | (11,200) | 2,207 | (26,911) | (28,133) | 1,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other expense, net | (2,596) | (808) | (1,788) | (2,528) | (5,643) | 3,115 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (expense), net | $ | (14,713) | $ | 55,864 | $ | (70,577) | $ | (12,441) | $ | 99,541 | $ | (111,982) |
(Dollars in thousands) | Q3 2019 | Q3 2018 | Change | YTD 2019 | YTD 2018 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | (19,871) | $ | 79,226 | $ | (99,097) | $ | 804,814 | $ | 230,119 | $ | 574,695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit (expense) | 4,620 | (11,864) | 16,484 | (168,147) | (44,316) | (123,831) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | $ | (15,251) | $ | 67,362 | $ | (82,613) | $ | 636,667 | $ | 185,803 | $ | 450,864 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effective tax rate | 23.2 | % | 15.0 | % | 20.9 | % | 19.3 | % |
(Dollars in thousands) | YTD 2019 | YTD 2018 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in): | |||||||||||
Operating activities | $ | (21,997) | $ | 161,487 | |||||||
Investing activities | $ | 530,097 | $ | (698,571) | |||||||
Financing activities | $ | (401,479) | $ | 675,670 |
Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in thousands)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
July 1 - July 31, 2019 | 115,296 | $ | 113.42 | 115,296 | $ | 76,870 | ||||||||||||||||||||
August 1 - August 31, 2019 | 822,271 | $ | 93.45 | 822,271 | $ | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 1 - September 30, 2019 | — | N/A | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 937,567 | $ | 95.91 | 937,567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Our prior $350.0 million stock repurchase program was fully utilized and terminated in connection with the approval of the new stock repurchase program on September 11, 2019. |
Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
July 1 - July 31, 2019 | — | N/A | — | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
August 1 - August 31, 2019 | — | N/A | — | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 1 - September 30, 2019 | 896,329 | $ | 101.83 | 896,329 | $ | 408,730 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 896,329 | $ | 101.83 | 896,329 |
Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
Certification by Principal Executive Officer, Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | ||||||||
Certification by Principal Financial Officer, Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | ||||||||
Certifications by Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | ||||||||
101 | The following financial information from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, formatted in iXBRL (inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations, (iii) Consolidated Condensed Statement of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity, (v) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.* | |||||||
104 | The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101. |
Date: | November 8, 2019 | By: | /s/ Matthew Korenberg | |||||||||||
Matthew Korenberg | ||||||||||||||
Executive Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||||||||
Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer |
1 | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated; |
2 | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3 | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4 | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) | designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) | disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5 | The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. |
/s/ John L. Higgins | ||
John L. Higgins | ||
Chief Executive Officer | ||
(Principal Executive Officer) |
1 | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated; |
2 | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3 | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4 | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) | designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) | disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5 | The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. |
/s/ Matthew Korenberg | ||
Matthew Korenberg | ||
Executive Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer | ||
(Principal Financial Officer) |
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. | |||||||||||||
Date: | November 8, 2019 | /s/ John L. Higgins | ||||||||||||
John L. Higgins Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. | |||||||||||||
Date: | November 8, 2019 | /s/ Matthew Korenberg | ||||||||||||
Matthew Korenberg Executive Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
Sale of Promacta License - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) |
2 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 06, 2019 |
Mar. 06, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
|
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||
Revenue and gain from disposition of intangible assets | $ 827,000,000.0 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | $ 216,268,000 | $ 216,268,000 | $ 219,793,000 | ||||
Revenue | 24,808,000 | $ 45,663,000 | 93,279,000 | $ 191,863,000 | |||
Gain from sale of Promacta license | $ 812,800,000 | 0 | 0 | 812,797,000 | 0 | ||
Promacta | |||||||
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||
Revenue | 14,200,000 | $ 0 | $ 27,812,000 | $ 14,193,000 | $ 68,191,000 | ||
In Process Research and Development | Promacta | |||||||
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||
Intangible assets, net | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands |
3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
|
Revenues: | ||||
Total revenues | $ 24,808 | $ 45,663 | $ 93,279 | $ 191,863 |
Operating costs and expenses: | ||||
Cost of material sales | 3,147 | 1,460 | 9,410 | 3,382 |
Amortization of intangibles | 3,552 | 5,725 | 10,560 | 12,309 |
Research and development | 13,742 | 5,483 | 37,244 | 19,023 |
General and administrative | 9,525 | 9,633 | 31,607 | 26,571 |
Total operating costs and expenses | 29,966 | 22,301 | 88,821 | 61,285 |
Gain from sale of Promacta license | 0 | 0 | 812,797 | 0 |
Income (loss) from operations | (5,158) | 23,362 | 817,255 | 130,578 |
Other income (expense): | ||||
Gain (loss) from Viking | (10,520) | 62,398 | (5,592) | 124,206 |
Interest income | 7,396 | 5,474 | 22,590 | 9,111 |
Interest expense | (8,993) | (11,200) | (26,911) | (28,133) |
Other expense, net | (2,596) | (808) | (2,528) | (5,643) |
Total other income (loss), net | (14,713) | 55,864 | (12,441) | 99,541 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (19,871) | 79,226 | 804,814 | 230,119 |
Income tax benefit (expense) | 4,620 | (11,864) | (168,147) | (44,316) |
Net income (loss) | $ (15,251) | $ 67,362 | $ 636,667 | $ 185,803 |
Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted: | ||||
Basic net income (loss) per share (USD per share) | $ (0.81) | $ 3.19 | $ 32.51 | $ 8.77 |
Shares used in basic per share calculations (shares) | 18,770 | 21,148 | 19,586 | 21,189 |
Diluted net income (loss) per share (USD per share) | $ (0.81) | $ 2.80 | $ 31.29 | $ 7.61 |
Shares used in diluted per share calculations (shares) | 18,770 | 24,052 | 20,349 | 24,430 |
Royalties | ||||
Revenues: | ||||
Total revenues | $ 9,767 | $ 36,127 | $ 35,931 | $ 88,343 |
Material sales | ||||
Revenues: | ||||
Total revenues | 6,849 | 7,027 | 24,357 | 19,030 |
License fees, milestones and other revenues | ||||
Revenues: | ||||
Total revenues | $ 8,192 | $ 2,509 | $ 32,991 | $ 84,490 |
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Ligand and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. We have included all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which we considered necessary for a fair presentation of our financial results. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read together with the audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2018 Annual Report. Interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior period consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. Specifically, our investment in Viking warrants was reclassified from “other current assets” to “investment in Viking” in the audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018. Prior Period Immaterial Error During the second quarter of 2019, in connection with the preparation of our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an immaterial error was identified in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 by including a $4.6 million accrued liability for the share repurchase as of December 31, 2018 that was paid during the first quarter of 2019 in the cash flows for operating activities instead of financing activities. Our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 understated cash flows provided by operating activities by $4.6 million and understated cash flows used in financing activities by $4.6 million. We evaluated the materiality of the error considering both quantitative and qualitative factors as required by authoritative guidance and determined the related impact was not material to our previously issued condensed consolidated financial statements. The immaterial error has been corrected in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019. The immaterial error did not impact our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019, nor did it impact our condensed consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income or equity for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Significant Accounting Policies We have described our significant accounting policies in Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Annual Report. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Accounting Standards Recently Adopted Leases - In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This standard requires organizations that lease assets to recognize the assets and liabilities created by those leases. The standard also requires disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In 2018, the FASB issued guidance that provides an optional transition method for adoption of this standard, which allows organizations to initially apply the new requirements at the effective date, recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings, and continue to apply the legacy guidance in ASC 840, Leases (Topic 840), including its disclosure requirements, in the comparative periods presented. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2019 by applying this optional transition method. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, we elected to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities and expense the leases over a straight-line basis for the term of those leases. In addition, we elected the available package of practical expedients upon adoption, which allowed us to carry forward our historical assessment of whether existing agreements contained a lease and the classification of our existing operating leases. We did not elect to use the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease term or evaluate impairment for existing leases. We continue to report our financial position as of December 31, 2018 under Topic 840 in our audited consolidated balance sheet. The adoption of this standards update resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets of approximately $5.2 million and lease liabilities of approximately $5.9 million on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance as of January 1, 2019, with no material impact to our consolidated statement of operations. See Note 9, Leases, for further information regarding the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on our financial statements. Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted Financial Instruments - In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), which amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables and available for sale debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2020, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements. This standard includes our financial instruments, such as accounts receivable, investments that are generally of high credit quality, and commercial license rights. Previously, when credit losses were measured under GAAP, an entity generally only considered past events and current conditions in measuring the incurred loss. The new guidance requires us to identify, analyze, document and support new methodologies for quantifying expected credit loss estimates for our financial instruments, using information such as historical experience and current economic conditions, plus the use of reasonable supportable forecast information. Goodwill Impairment Testing - In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. Under the new standard the goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, although it cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This standard is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2020, with earlier adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Fair Value Measurement - In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2020, with earlier adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements. Collaborative Arrangements - In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements: Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 (Topic 808). The new standard clarifies that certain transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement should be accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, when the counterparty is a customer for a good or service that is a distinct unit of account. The amendments also preclude entities from presenting consideration from transactions with a collaborator that is not a customer together with revenue recognized from contracts with customers. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period for entities that have adopted ASC 606. The standard should be applied retrospectively to the period when we initially adopted ASC 606. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We do not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures. Revenue Our revenue is generated primarily from royalties on sales of products commercialized by our partners, Captisol material sales, license fees and development, regulatory and sales based milestone payments, and other service revenue. Royalties, License Fees and Milestones We receive royalty revenue on sales by our partners of products covered by patents that we own. We do not have future performance obligations under these license arrangements. We generally satisfy our obligation to grant intellectual property rights on the effective date of the contract. However, we apply the royalty recognition constraint required under the guidance for sales-based royalties which requires a sales-based royalty to be recorded no sooner than the underlying sale. Therefore, royalties on sales of products commercialized by our partners are recognized in the quarter the product is sold. Our partners generally report sales information to us on a one quarter lag. Thus, we estimate the expected royalty proceeds based on an analysis of historical experience and interim data provided by our partners including their publicly announced sales. Differences between actual and estimated royalty revenues are adjusted for in the period in which they become known, typically the following quarter. Our contracts with customers often will include future contingent milestone based payments. We include contingent milestone based payments in the estimated transaction price when there is a basis to reasonably estimate the amount of the payment. These estimates are based on historical experience, anticipated results and our best judgment at the time. If the contingent milestone based payment is sales-based, we apply the royalty recognition constraint and record revenue when the underlying sale has taken place. Significant judgments must be made in determining the transaction price for our sales of intellectual property. Because of the risk that products in development with our partners will not reach development based milestones or receive regulatory approval, we generally recognize any contingent payments that would be due to us upon or after the development milestone or regulatory approval. Material Sales We recognize revenue when control of Captisol material is transferred to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive from our customers in exchange for those products. This process involves identifying the contract with a customer, determining the performance obligations in the contract, determining the contract price, allocating the contract price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and recognizing revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. We consider a performance obligation satisfied once we have transferred control of the product, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the Captisol material or intellectual property license right. We recognize revenue for satisfied performance obligations only when we determine there are no uncertainties regarding payment terms or transfer of control. Sales tax and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. We expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that we would have recognized is one year or less or the amount is immaterial. We did not incur any incremental costs of obtaining a contract during the periods reported. Depending on the terms of the arrangement, we may also defer a portion of the consideration received because we have to satisfy a future obligation. We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost plus margin approach when one is not available. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over Captisol material has transferred to the customer as an expense in cost of material sales. The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets), and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) on the consolidated balance sheet. Except for royalty revenue and certain service revenue, we generally receive payment at the point we satisfy our obligation or soon after. Therefore, we do not generally carry a contract asset balance. Any fees billed in advance of being earned are recorded as deferred revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the amount recognized as revenue that was previously deferred was $1.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the amount recognized as revenue that was previously deferred was not material. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table represents disaggregation of Royalties, Material Sales and License fees, milestone and other (in thousands):
Short-term Investments Our investments consist of the following at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):
(1) The amortized cost for corporate equity securities represents the original purchase cost of the equity securities. Inventory Inventory, which consists of finished goods, is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We determine cost using the first-in, first-out method or the specific identification method. Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
Commercial License and Other Economic Rights Commercial license and other economic rights consist of the following (in thousands):
Commercial license and other economics rights represent a portfolio of future milestone and royalty payment rights acquired from Selexis in April 2013 and April 2015, CorMatrix in May 2016, Palvella in December 2018, Dianomi in January 2019 and Novan in May 2019. Commercial license rights acquired are accounted for as financial assets and other economic rights are accounted for as funded research and developments as further discussed below. In May 2017, we entered into a Royalty Agreement with Aziyo pursuant to which we will receive royalties from certain marketed products that Aziyo acquired from CorMatrix. We account for the Aziyo commercial license right as a financial asset, and in accordance with ASC 310, Receivables, we amortize the commercial license right using the effective interest method whereby we forecast expected cash flows over the term of the arrangement to arrive at an annualized effective interest. The annual effective interest associated with the forecasted cash flows from the Royalty Agreement with Aziyo as of September 30, 2019 is 23%. Revenue is calculated by multiplying the carrying value of the commercial license right by the effective interest. In December 2018, we entered into a development funding and royalties agreement with Palvella. Pursuant to the agreement, we may receive up to $8.0 million of milestone payments upon the achievement by Palvella of certain corporate, financing and regulatory milestones for PTX-022, a product candidate being developed to treat pachyonychia congentia. In addition to the milestone payments, Palvella will pay us tiered royalties from 5.0% to 9.8% based on any aggregate annual worldwide net sales of any PTX-022 products, subject to Palvella’s right to reduce the royalty rates by making payments in certain circumstances. We paid Palvella an upfront payment of $10.0 million, which Palvella is required to use to fund the development of PTX-022. We are not obligated to provide additional funding to Palvella for the development or commercialization of PTX-022. We determined the economic rights related to Palvella should be characterized as a funded research and development arrangement, thus we account for it in accordance with ASC 730-20, Research and Development Arrangements, and will reduce our asset as the funds are expended by Palvella. We will evaluate the remaining asset basis for impairment on an ongoing basis. As it is anticipated, prior to the receipt of any payments from Palvella that the cost basis will be reduced to zero, we will recognize milestones and royalties as revenue when earned. In May 2019, we entered into a development funding and royalties agreement with Novan, pursuant to which we will receive certain payments at specified milestones, as well as royalties on any future net sales of SB206, a product candidate being developed to treat molluscum contagiosum, and any other Novan products used for the treatment of molluscum (“Novan Molluscum Products”). We paid Novan an upfront payment of $12.0 million, which Novan is required to use to fund the development of SB206. We are not obligated to provide additional funding to Novan for the development or commercialization of SB206. Pursuant to the agreement, we will receive up to $20.0 million of milestone payments upon the achievement by Novan of certain regulatory milestones for SB206 or any other Novan Molluscum Product and commercial milestones. In addition to the milestone payments, Novan will pay us tiered royalties from 7.0% to 10.0% based on aggregate annual net sales of SB206 or any other Novan Molluscum Product in North America. We determined the economic rights related to Novan should be characterized as a funded research and development arrangement, thus we account for it in accordance with ASC 730-20 and will reduce our asset as the funds are expended by Novan. We will evaluate the remaining asset basis for impairment on an ongoing basis. See further detail described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Annual Report. Viking Our equity ownership interest in Viking decreased in the first quarter of 2018 to approximately 12.4% due to Viking's financing events in February 2018. As a result, in February 2018, we concluded that we did not exert significant influence over Viking and discontinued accounting for our investment in Viking under the equity method. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we recorded our common stock of Viking at fair value of $41.5 million and $46.2 million, respectively, in "investment in Viking" in our consolidated balance sheets. We also have outstanding warrants to purchase 1.5 million shares of Viking's common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share. We recorded the warrants in “investment in Viking” in our condensed consolidated balance sheet at fair value of $8.3 million at September 30, 2019. Our investment in Viking warrants in the amount of $9.3 million was reclassified from “other current assets” to “investment in Viking” in the audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 to conform to the current period presentation. Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
Share-Based Compensation Share-based compensation expense for awards to employees and non-employee directors is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period until the last tranche vests. The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recorded as components of research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses for the periods indicated (in thousands):
The fair-value for options that were awarded to employees and directors was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Derivatives On May 22, 2018, we amended our 2019 Notes making an irrevocable election to settle the entire note in cash. As a result, we reclassified from equity to derivative liability the fair value of the conversion premium as of May 22, 2018. Amounts paid in excess of the principal amount would be offset by an equal receipt of cash under the corresponding convertible bond hedge. As a result, we reclassified from equity to derivative asset the fair value of the bond hedge as of May 22, 2018. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. In connection with the payoff of the 2019 Notes on August 15, 2019, the bond hedge was settled and accordingly, the derivative asset and derivative liability were settled to zero. See Note 5, Convertible Senior Notes, for further information. Net Income (loss) Per Share Basic net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed based on the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. All of the 0.7 million weighted average shares of outstanding equity awards as of September 30, 2019 were anti-dilutive due to the net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of shares issuable under 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes, stock options and restricted stock. 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes have a dilutive impact when the average market price of our common stock exceeds the applicable conversion price of the respective notes. It is our intent and policy to settle conversions through combination settlement, which involves payment in cash equal to the principal portion and delivery of shares of common stock for the excess of the conversion value over the principal portion. In addition, after May 22, 2018, the 2019 Notes can only be settled in cash and therefore there has been no further impact on income per share of these notes since then. Potentially dilutive common shares from stock options and restricted stock are determined using the average share price for each period under the treasury stock method. In addition, the following amounts are assumed to be used to repurchase shares: proceeds from exercise of stock options and the average amount of unrecognized compensation expense for the awards. The following table presents the calculation of weighted average shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands):
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Convertible Senior Notes | Convertible Senior Notes 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 In August 2014, we issued $245.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2019 Notes. The implied estimated effective rate of the liability component of the 2019 Notes was 5.83% and were convertible into common stock at an initial conversion rate of 13.3251 shares per $1,000 principal amount of 2019 Notes, subject to adjustment upon certain events, which was equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $75.05 per share of common stock. The notes accrued cash interest at a rate of 0.75% per year, payable semi-annually. Holders of the 2019 Notes could have converted the notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 15, 2019, under any of the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter (and only during such fiscal quarter) commencing after December 31, 2014, if, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day is greater than 130% of the conversion price on such trading day; (2) during the five business day period immediately following any 10 consecutive trading day period, in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events as specified in the indenture governing the notes. On May 22, 2018, we entered into a supplemental indenture whereby we made an irrevocable election to settle the entire 2019 Notes in cash. As such, we would have been required to deliver cash to settle the principal and any premium due upon conversion. As a result of the requirement to deliver cash to settle any premium due upon conversion, on May 22, 2018, we reclassified from equity to liability the conversion option fair value of $341.6 million. In accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the derivative was adjusted to its fair value as of September 30, 2018 of $563.2 million with the resulting $161.9 million and $221.6 million increase reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. In March and April 2018, we received notices for conversion of $21.8 million of principal amount of the 2019 Notes which were settled in May and June 2018. We paid noteholders the conversion value of the notes in cash, up to the principal amount of the 2019 Notes. The excess of the conversion value over the principal amount, totaling $31.6 million, was paid in shares of common stock. This equity dilution upon conversion of the 2019 Notes was offset by the reacquisition of the shares under the convertible bond hedge transactions entered into in connection with the offering of the 2019 Notes as further discussed below. As a result of the conversions, we recorded a $0.6 million loss on extinguishment of debt calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value of the debt and the carrying value of the 2019 Notes as of the settlement dates. In July and August 2018, we received notices for conversion of $195.9 million of principal amount of the 2019 Notes which were settled in October and November 2018. We paid the noteholders (1) the $195.9 million principal amount, and (2) the excess of conversion value over the principal portion in an amount of $439.6 million in cash. In June 2019, we received notices for conversion of $1.0 million of principal amount of the 2019 Notes, which were settled in cash upon the 2019 Notes' maturity date in August 2019. As a result, we paid the noteholders (1) the $1.0 million principal amount, and (2) the excess of conversion value over the principal portion in an amount of $0.5 million in cash. On August 15, 2019, the 2019 Notes maturity date, we paid the noteholders the remaining $26.3 million principal amount and $11.9 million bond premium, which was classified as a derivative liability, in cash. We recorded the decrease in fair value of the derivative liability of $1.9 million and $11.0 million in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Convertible Bond Hedge and Warrant Transactions In August 2014, we entered into convertible bond hedges and sold warrants covering 3,264,643 shares of our common stock to minimize the impact of potential dilution to our stockholders and/or offset the cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the 2019 Notes. The convertible bond hedges have an exercise price of $75.05 per share and were exercisable when and if the 2019 Notes were converted. If upon conversion of the 2019 Notes, the price of our common stock was above the exercise price of the convertible bond hedges, the counterparties would have delivered shares of common stock and/or cash with an aggregate value equal to the difference between the price of common stock at the conversion date and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares of common stock related to the convertible bond hedge transaction being exercised. The convertible bond hedges and warrants described below are separate transactions entered into by us and are not part of the terms of the 2019 Notes. Holders of the 2019 Notes and warrants do not have any rights with respect to the convertible bond hedges. We paid $48.1 million for these convertible bond hedges and recorded the amount as a reduction to additional paid-in capital. As a result of the irrevocable cash election, conversion notices received relating to the 2019 Notes after May 22, 2018 must be fully settled in cash and amounts paid in excess of the principal amount would be offset by an equal receipt of cash under the convertible bond hedge. We have accounted for the bond hedge as a derivative asset and marked it to market at the end of each reporting period. Upon the 2019 Notes payoff on August 15, 2019, the bond hedge was settled, with the resulting $1.9 million and $10.2 million fair value decrease reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Concurrently with the convertible bond hedge transactions, we entered into warrant transactions whereby we sold warrants to acquire approximately 3,264,643 shares of common stock with an exercise price of approximately $125.08 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The warrants have various expiration dates ranging from November 13, 2019 to April 22, 2020. The warrants will have a dilutive effect to the extent the market price per share of common stock exceeds the applicable exercise price of the warrants, as measured under the terms of the warrant transactions. We received $11.6 million for these warrants and recorded this amount to additional paid-in capital. The common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants will be in unregistered shares, and we do not have the obligation and do not intend to file any registration statement with the SEC registering the issuance of the shares under the warrants. We continue to have the ability to avoid settling the warrants associated with the 2019 Notes in cash after May 22, 2018. Accordingly, the warrants continue to be classified in additional paid in capital. In November 2018, we repurchased a total of 525,000 warrants. As a result, 2,739,643 warrants remained outstanding as of both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 In May 2018, we issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% convertible senior notes. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the initial purchasers' discount and offering expenses, were approximately $733.1 million. The 2023 Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election, based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 4.0244 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the 2023 Notes which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $248.48 per share. Holders of the 2023 Notes may convert the notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 15, 2022, under any of the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter (and only during such fiscal quarter) commencing after September 30, 2018, if, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day is greater than 130% of the conversion price on such trading day; (2) during the five business day period immediately following any 10 consecutive trading day period, in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events as specified in the indenture governing the notes. The notes will have a dilutive effect to the extent the average market price per share of common stock for a given reporting period exceeds the conversion price of $248.48. As of September 30, 2019, the “if-converted value” did not exceed the principal amount of the 2023 Notes. In connection with the issuance of the 2023 Notes, we incurred $16.9 million of issuance costs, which primarily consisted of underwriting, legal and other professional fees. The portion of these costs allocated to the liability component totaling $13.7 million is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the five year expected life of the 2023 Notes. It is our intent and policy to settle conversions through combination settlement, which essentially involves payment in cash equal to the principal portion and delivery of shares of common stock for the excess of the conversion value over the principal portion. Convertible Bond Hedge and Warrant Transactions In conjunction with the 2023 Notes, in May 2018, we entered into convertible bond hedges and sold warrants covering 3,018,327 shares of its common stock to minimize the impact of potential dilution to our common stock and/or offset the cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the 2023 Notes. The convertible bond hedges have an exercise price of $248.48 per share and are exercisable when and if the 2023 Notes are converted. We paid $140.3 million for these convertible bond hedges. If upon conversion of the 2023 Notes, the price of our common stock is above the exercise price of the convertible bond hedges, the counterparties will deliver shares of common stock and/or cash with an aggregate value approximately equal to the difference between the price of common stock at the conversion date and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares of common stock related to the convertible bond hedge transaction being exercised. The convertible bond hedges and warrants described below are separate transactions entered into by us and are not part of the terms of the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2023 Notes and warrants will not have any rights with respect to the convertible bond hedges. Concurrently with the convertible bond hedge transactions, we entered into warrant transactions whereby we sold warrants covering approximately 3,018,327 shares of common stock with an exercise price of approximately $315.38 per share, subject to certain adjustments. We received $90.0 million for these warrants. The warrants have various expiration dates ranging from August 15, 2023 to February 6, 2024. The warrants will have a dilutive effect to the extent the market price per share of common stock exceeds the applicable exercise price of the warrants, as measured under the terms of the warrant transactions. The common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants will be in unregistered shares, and we do not have the obligation and do not intend to file any registration statement with the SEC registering the issuance of the shares under the warrants. The following table summarizes information about the 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes (in thousands):
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Leases |
9 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Leases [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leases | Leases We lease certain office facilities and equipment primarily under various operating leases. Our leases have remaining contractual terms up to years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees, material restrictive covenants, or material termination options. Our operating lease costs are primarily related to facility leases for administration offices and research and development facilities, and our finance leases are immaterial. Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement of an arrangement where it is determined at inception that a lease exists. Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using our incremental borrowing rate generally applicable to the location of the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. Lease assets also include any upfront lease payments made and lease incentives. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised. In addition to base rent, certain of our operating leases require variable payments, such as insurance and common area maintenance. These variable lease costs, other than those dependent upon an index or rate, are expensed when the obligation for those payments is incurred. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the expense for these short-term leases and for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The depreciable life of lease assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Operating Lease Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we entered into several new lease agreements including our San Diego headquarter expansion and a new UK office lease, which resulted an increase in lease assets and liabilities of $6.1 million and $6.0 million, respectively. Maturity of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands):
As of September 30, 2019, our operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 7 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 6%. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $0.5 million and $1.6 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Operating lease expense was $0.5 million (net of sublease income of $0.02 million) and $1.6 million (net of sublease income of $0.7 million) , for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
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Leases - Operating Lease Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
---|---|---|
Leases [Abstract] | ||
Lease assets | $ 10,280 | $ 0 |
Current lease liabilities | (926) | 0 |
Non-current lease liabilities | (9,932) | $ 0 |
Total lease liabilities | $ (10,858) |
Convertible Senior Notes (Tables) |
9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sep. 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Schedule of Carrying Values and Coupon Rates on Financing Arrangements | The following table summarizes information about the 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes (in thousands):
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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Accounting for Share-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2018 |
|
Basis of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Share-based compensation expense | $ 6,297 | $ 5,470 | $ 18,215 | $ 14,837 |
Research and development expenses | ||||
Basis of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Share-based compensation expense | 2,481 | 2,257 | 7,136 | 6,120 |
General and administrative expenses | ||||
Basis of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Share-based compensation expense | $ 3,816 | $ 3,213 | $ 11,079 | $ 8,717 |
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