Property, Plant and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2021

Property, Plant and Equipment.

Property Plant and Equipment

Note 8. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment as of October 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):

					Estimated
	2021		2020		Useful Life
Land	$	524	$	524	—
Building and improvements		20,865		20,395	10‑26 years
Machinery, equipment and software		109,449		107,732	3‑8 years
Furniture and fixtures		4,325		4,319	10 years
Construction in progress		6,424		402	—
		141,587		133,372
Accumulated depreciation		(102,171)		(97,041)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	39,416	$	36,331

During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company recorded a $2.8 million impairment of construction in process assets related to automation equipment for use in manufacturing which was recorded in Cost of product sales in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. There were no impairments of property, plant and equipment for the years ended October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020.

Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment was $4.9 million, $5.1 million and $4.9 million for the years ended October 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.