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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
NOTE D – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The gross carrying amount of goodwill and other intangible assets and the related accumulated amortization for intangible assets subject to amortization and accumulated goodwill impairment charges are as follows:
 As of December 31, 2021As of December 31, 2020
(in millions)Gross Carrying Amount
Accumulated
Amortization/Write-offs(1)
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated
Amortization/Write-offs
Technology-related$11,957 $(6,754)$11,059 $(6,179)
Patents494 (398)511 (407)
Other intangible assets1,900 (1,325)1,775 (1,220)
Amortizable intangible assets$14,351 $(8,476)$13,345 $(7,806)
Goodwill$21,888 $(9,900)$19,924 $(9,973)
IPR&D126 257 
Technology-related120 120 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets$246 $377 

(1)    In the fourth quarter of 2020, we recorded goodwill impairment charges of $73 million related to the Specialty Pharmaceuticals business and classified the remaining assets and liabilities as held for sale as of December 31, 2020. On March 1, 2021, we completed the divestiture of the Specialty Pharmaceuticals business. The goodwill impairment charges of $73 million related to the Specialty Pharmaceuticals business are no longer presented within accumulated write-offs above as of December 31, 2021.

Intangible asset impairment charges were $370 million in 2021, $460 million in 2020 and $105 million in 2019. The impairment charges recorded in 2021 were primarily associated with intangible assets established in connection with our acquisition of Millipede, Inc. and VENITI, Inc. The impairment charges recorded in 2020 were primarily associated with intangible assets established in connection with our acquisitions of Sadra Medical, Inc., Apama Medical Inc. and nVision Medical Corporation (nVision). Each of these impairment charges were recorded following management’s decision to cancel
the programs due to the length of time, and remaining cost to complete and commercialize the technology, the cost to remediate quality issues or, specific to nVision, our understanding of the clinical evidence necessary to commercialize the technology.

The following represents our goodwill balance by global reportable segment and our separately presented Specialty Pharmaceuticals operating segment:
(in millions)MedSurgRhythm and NeuroCardiovascularSpecialty PharmaceuticalsTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2019$2,061 $2,192 $5,676 $247 $10,176 
Foreign currency fluctuations and other changes(2)3 22 — 22 
Goodwill impairment charges— — — (73)(73)
Goodwill reclassified to Current assets held for sale
— — — (175)(175)
Balance as of December 31, 2020$2,059 $2,194 $5,697 $— $9,951 
Foreign currency fluctuations and other changes(5)(1)(21)— (27)
Goodwill acquired544 1,309 210 — 2,064 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$2,598 $3,503 $5,887 $— $11,988 

In 2021, we did not record any Goodwill impairment charges. In 2020, we recorded Goodwill impairment charges of $73 million related to our Specialty Pharmaceuticals business and classified the remaining assets and liabilities as held for sale as of December 31, 2020. We did not record any Goodwill impairment charges in 2019. Refer to Note A – Significant Accounting Policies for further discussion of our goodwill and intangible asset impairment testing.

Estimated Amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years based upon our amortizable intangible asset portfolio as of December 31, 2021 is as follows (in millions):
Fiscal Year
2022$752 
2023738 
2024703 
2025644 
2026620