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Stock Ownership Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Stock Ownership Plans [Abstract]  
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Activity [Table Text Block]
Information related to shares issued or to be issued in connection with the employee stock purchase plan based on employee contributions and the range of purchase prices is as follows:
 (shares in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Shares issued or to be issued
 
2,491

 
2,337

 
2,529

Range of purchase prices
 
$18.60 - $21.07

 
$15.29 - $18.39

 
$11.24 - $15.13
Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Cost, Nonvested Awards [Table Text Block]
We expect to recognize the following future expense for awards outstanding as of December 31, 2017:
 
 
 Unrecognized
 Compensation  Cost
(in millions) (1)
 
Weighted Average
Remaining
Vesting Period
(in years)
Stock options
 
$
32

 
 
Non-vested stock awards
 
144

 
 
 
 
$
176

 
1.3
(1)
Amounts presented represent compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures.
Market-based awards, valuation assumptions [Table Text Block]
We determined the fair value of the market-based DSU awards to be approximately $8 million for 2017, $6 million for 2016 and $7 million for 2015. We determined these fair values based on Monte Carlo simulations as of the date of grant, utilizing the following assumptions:
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
Awards
 
Awards
 
Awards
Stock price on date of grant
 
$
24.55

 
$
17.26

 
$
16.31

Measurement period (in years)
 
2.8

 
2.9

 
3.0

Risk-free rate
 
1.45
%
 
0.90
%
 
0.98
%
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock Units Award Activity [Table Text Block]
Information related to non-vested stock awards is as follows:
 
 
Non-Vested
Stock Award Units
(in thousands)
 
Weighted Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Balance as of December 31, 2014
 
30,535

 
$
9

Granted
 
6,606

 
16

Vested (1)
 
(11,607
)
 
8

Forfeited
 
(1,770
)
 
10

Balance as of December 31, 2015
 
23,764

 
$
11

Granted
 
6,132

 
17

Vested (1)
 
(10,045
)
 
10

Forfeited
 
(1,054
)
 
13

Balance as of December 31, 2016
 
18,797

 
$
14

Granted
 
4,798

 
24

Vested (1)
 
(7,663
)
 
11

Forfeited
 
(683
)
 
17

Balance as of December 31, 2017
 
15,250

 
$
18

(1)
The number of restricted stock units vested includes shares withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy statutory tax withholding
Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Table Text Block]
The following presents the impact of stock-based compensation on our consolidated statements of operations:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per share data)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Cost of products sold
 
$
7

 
$
6

 
$
7

Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
98

 
90

 
81

Research and development expenses
 
23

 
20

 
19

 
 
127

 
116

 
107

Income tax (benefit) expense
 
(32
)
 
(29
)
 
(28
)
 
 
$
96

 
$
87

 
$
79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net impact per common share - basic
 
$
0.07

 
$
0.06

 
$
0.06

Net impact per common share - assuming dilution
 
$
0.07

 
$
0.06

 
$
0.06
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]
We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of stock options granted to employees under our stock incentive plans. We calculated the fair value for options granted using the following estimated weighted-average assumptions:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Options granted (in thousands)
 
4,439

 
4,186

 
4,441

Weighted-average exercise price
 
$
24.70

 
$
17.46

 
$
16.49

Weighted-average grant-date fair value
 
$
7.16

 
$
5.60

 
$
5.54

Black-Scholes Assumptions
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected volatility
 
25
%
 
30
%
 
31
%
Expected term (in years, weighted)
 
6.1

 
6.0

 
6.0

Risk-free interest rate
 
2.03% - 2.21%

 
1.14% - 2.08%

 
1.49% - 1.92%
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]
Information related to stock options under stock incentive plans is as follows:
 
 
Stock Options
(in thousands)
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life 
(in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2014
 
39,508

 
$
11

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
4,441

 
16

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(9,040
)
 
9

 
 
 
 
Cancelled/forfeited
 
(3,820
)
 
25

 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2015
 
31,089

 
$
11

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
4,186

 
17

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(6,612
)
 
12

 
 
 
 
Cancelled/forfeited
 
(2,019
)
 
21

 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016
 
26,644

 
$
11

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
4,439

 
25

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(3,922
)
 
10

 
 
 
 
Cancelled/forfeited
 
(445
)
 
17

 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017
 
26,716

 
$
13

 
5.7
 
$
305

Exercisable as of December 31, 2017
 
16,806

 
$
10

 
4.1
 
$
257

Expected to vest as of December 31, 2017
 
9,253

 
20

 
8.2
 
46

Total vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2017
 
26,059

 
$
13

 
5.6
 
$
302