nv148c
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 5, 2012
1933 Act File No. [_________]
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-14
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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Pre-Effective Amendment No. ____
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Post-Effective Amendment No. ____
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(Check appropriate box or boxes)
INVESCO QUALITY MUNICIPAL INCOME TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(713) 626-1919
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
John M. Zerr, Esq.
11 Greenway Plaza
Suite 2500
Houston, Texas 77046
(713) 626-1919
(Name and Address of Agent for Service of Process)
Copies to:
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Stephen R. Rimes, Esquire
Invesco Advisers, Inc.
11 Greenway Plaza, Suite 2500
Houston, Texas 77046-1173
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Matthew R. DiClemente, Esquire
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP
2600 One Commerce Square
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 |
Approximate date of proposed public offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of
this Registration Statement.
The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary
to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically
states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with
Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
Calculation of Registration Fee under the Securities Act of 1933:
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Proposed |
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Proposed |
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Maximum |
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Title of Securities |
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Amount Being |
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Maximum Offering |
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Aggregate Offering |
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Amount of |
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Being Registered |
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Registered |
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Price per Unit |
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Price(1) |
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Registration Fee |
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Common Shares of
Beneficial Interest |
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$393,779,144 |
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$45,127 |
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(1) |
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Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee. Based on average high and
low reported price for Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust Common Shares on April 2, 2012
and average of high and low reported price for Invesco Quality Municipal Securities Common Shares
on April 2, 2012, in accordance with Rule 457(f)(1) under the Securities Act of 1933. |
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities
Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust
1555 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, GA 30309
(800) 341-2929
NOTICE OF JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
To Be Held on July 17, 2012
Notice is hereby given to holders of common shares of beneficial interest (Common Shares) of
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust (IQT), Invesco Quality Municipal Securities (IQM,
and together with IQT, the Target Funds), and Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust (the
Acquiring Fund or IQI) that the Funds will hold a joint annual meeting of shareholders (the
Meeting) on July 17, 2012, at [2:00] p.m., Eastern time, at 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta,
Georgia 30309. The Target Funds and the Acquiring Fund collectively are referred to as the Funds
and each is referred to individually as a Fund. At the Meeting, holders of Common Shares
(Common Shareholders) will be asked to vote on the following proposals:
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For each Fund, approval of an Agreement and Plan of Redomestication that provides for
the reorganization of such Fund as a Delaware statutory trust. |
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Approval of the merger of each Target Fund into the Acquiring Fund, which shall require
the following shareholder actions: |
(a) For each Target Fund, approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for such
Target Fund to merge with and into the Acquiring Fund.
(b) For the Acquiring Fund, approval of the following sub-proposals:
(i) Approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for IQM to merge with and
into the Acquiring Fund.
(ii) Approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for IQT to merge with and
into the Acquiring Fund.
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For the Acquiring Fund, approval of an amendment to the Funds advisory agreement that
increases the Funds advisory fee. |
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For each Fund, the election of a class of Trustees to its Board of Trustees. |
Each Fund may also transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting or any
adjournment or postponement thereof.
Common Shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 23, 2012, are entitled to
notice of, and to vote at, the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Holders of the
Funds preferred shares of beneficial interest, whose voting instructions are being separately
solicited, will also vote on certain matters at the Meeting.
The Board of Trustees of each Fund requests that you vote your shares by either (i)
completing the enclosed proxy card and returning it in the enclosed postage paid return envelope,
or (ii) voting by telephone or via the internet using the instructions on the proxy card. Please
vote your shares promptly regardless of the number of shares you own.
Each Target Fund does not believe that its shareholders are entitled to appraisal rights in
connection with its merger. However, the availability of dissenters appraisal rights in
connection with such a transaction involving a Massachusetts business trust has not been judicially
determined, and, accordingly, depending on such determination, Target Fund shareholders may be
entitled to appraisal rights under Massachusetts law. Any shareholder seeking to assert appraisal
rights with respect to a merger will be required to give written notice, before the shareholders
vote on whether to approve the merger, of the shareholders intent to demand payment pursuant to
appraisal rights, and to comply with the requirement to not vote to approve the merger.
Each Funds Board recommends that you cast your vote FOR
the above proposals and FOR ALL the Trustee nominees as described in the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus.
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President and Principal Executive Officer |
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June [ ], 2012 |
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IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF
SHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD JULY 17, 2012:
The proxy statement and annual report to shareholders are available at www.invesco.com/us.
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities
Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust
1555 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, GA 30309
(800) 341-2929
JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
June [ ], 2012
Introduction
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus (the Proxy Statement) contains information that
holders of common shares of beneficial interest (Common Shares) of Invesco Quality Municipal
Investment Trust (IQT), Invesco Quality Municipal Securities (IQM, and together with IQT, the
Target Funds), and Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust (the Acquiring Fund or IQI) should
know before voting on the proposals that are described herein. The Target Funds and the Acquiring
Fund collectively are referred to as the Funds and each is referred to individually as a Fund.
A joint annual meeting of the shareholders of the Funds (the Meeting) will be held at 1555
Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309 on July 17, 2012,
at [2:00] p.m., Eastern time. The
following describes the proposals to be voted on by holders of Common Shares (Common
Shareholders) at the Meeting:
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For each Fund, approval of an Agreement and Plan of Redomestication that provides for
the reorganization of such Fund as a Delaware statutory trust. |
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Approval of the merger of each Target Fund into the Acquiring Fund, which shall require
the following shareholder actions: |
(a) For each Target Fund, approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for such
Target Fund to merge with and into the Acquiring Fund.
(b) For the Acquiring Fund, approval of the following sub-proposals:
(i) Approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for IQM to merge with and
into the Acquiring Fund.
(ii) Approval of an Agreement and Plan of Merger that provides for IQT to merge with and
into the Acquiring Fund.
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For the Acquiring Fund, approval of an amendment to the Funds advisory agreement that
increases the Funds advisory fee. |
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For each Fund, the election of a class of Trustees to its Board of Trustees. |
Each Fund may also transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting or any
adjournment or postponement thereof.
The redomestications contemplated by Proposal 1 are referred to herein each individually as a
Redomestication and together as the Redomestications. The mergers contemplated by Proposal 2
are referred to herein each individually as a Merger and together as the Mergers.
The Boards of Trustees of the Funds (the Boards) have fixed the close of business on May 23,
2012, as the record date (Record Date) for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice
of and to vote at the Meeting and at any adjournment or postponement thereof. Shareholders will be
entitled to one vote for each share held (and a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional
share). Holders of the preferred shares of beneficial interest (Preferred Shares) of the Funds,
whose voting instructions are being separately solicited, will also vote on certain matters at the
Meeting.
This Proxy Statement, the enclosed Notice of Joint Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and the
enclosed proxy card will be mailed on or about [June 21], 2012, to all Common Shareholders eligible
to vote at the Meeting. Each Fund is a closed-end management investment company registered under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The Common Shares of each Fund
are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange). This document is both a proxy
statement for Common Shares of each Fund and also a prospectus for Common Shares of the Acquiring
Fund.
The Meeting is scheduled as a joint meeting of the shareholders of the Funds and certain
affiliated funds, whose votes on proposals applicable to such funds are being solicited separately,
because the shareholders of the funds are expected to consider and vote on similar matters. In the
event that a shareholder of a Fund present at the Meeting objects to the holding of a joint meeting
and moves for an adjournment of the meeting of such Fund to a time immediately after the joint
meeting so that such Funds meeting may be held separately, the persons named as proxies will vote
in favor of the adjournment.
A joint Proxy Statement is being used in order to reduce the preparation, printing, handling
and postage expenses that would result from the use of separate proxy materials for each Fund. You
should retain this Proxy Statement for future reference, as it sets forth concisely information
about the Funds that you should know before voting on the proposals and because it will be the only
prospectus you receive for your Acquiring Fund Common Shares. Additional information about each
Fund is available in the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders of such Fund. These
documents are on file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). The statement
of additional information to this Proxy Statement (the SAI), dated the same date as this Proxy
Statement, includes additional information about the Funds that is incorporated herein by reference
and is deemed to be part of this Proxy Statement. Each Funds most recent annual report to
shareholders, which contains audited financial statements for the Funds most recently completed
fiscal year, and each Funds most recent semi-annual report to shareholders have been previously
mailed to shareholders and are available on the Funds website at www.invesco.com/us. Copies of
all of these documents are available upon request without charge by writing to the Funds at 11
Greenway Plaza, Suite 2500, Houston, Texas 77046, or by calling (800) 341-2929.
You also may view or obtain these documents from the SECs Public Reference Room, which is
located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, or from the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
Information on the operation of the SECs Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC
at (202) 551-8090. You can also request copies of these materials, upon payment at the prescribed
rates of the duplicating fee, by electronic request to the SECs e-mail address
(publicinfo@sec.gov) or by writing to the Public Reference Branch, Office of Consumer Affairs and
Information Services, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520. You
may also inspect reports, proxy material and other information concerning each of the Funds at the
Exchange.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the SEC nor has the SEC passed upon the
accuracy or adequacy of this Proxy Statement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense. An investment in the Funds is not a deposit with a bank and is not insured or guaranteed
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency. You may lose
money by investing in the Funds.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PROPOSAL 1: APPROVAL OF REDOMESTICATION |
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On what am I being asked to vote? |
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Has my Funds Board of Trustees approved the Redomestication? |
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What are the reasons for the proposed Redomestications? |
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What effect will a Redomestication have on me as a shareholder? |
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Will there be any tax consequences resulting from a Redomestication? |
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When are the Redomestications expected to occur? |
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What will happen if shareholders of a Fund do not approve Proposal 1? |
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PROPOSAL 2: APPROVAL OF MERGERS |
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On what am I being asked to vote? |
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Has my Funds Board of Trustees approved the Merger(s)? |
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What are the reasons for the proposed Mergers? |
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What effect will a Merger have on me as a shareholder? |
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How do the Funds investment objectives and principal investment strategies compare? |
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How do the Funds principal risks compare? |
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How do the Funds expenses compare? |
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How do the after tax performance records of the Funds compare? |
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How do the management, investment adviser and other service providers of the Funds compare? |
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Does the Acquiring Fund have the same portfolio managers as the Target Funds? |
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How do the distribution policies of the Funds compare? |
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Will there be any tax consequences resulting from the Mergers? |
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When are the Mergers expected to occur? |
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What will happen if shareholders of a Fund do not approve a Merger? |
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What if I do not wish to participate in the Merger? |
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Where can I find more information about the Funds and the Mergers? |
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS AND THE MERGERS |
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Principal Investment Strategies |
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Principal Risks of an Investment in the Funds |
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Portfolio Managers |
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Trading of Common Shares |
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Capital Structures of the Funds |
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Description of Securities to be Issued |
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Pending Litigation |
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Share Price Data |
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Portfolio Turnover |
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Portfolio Guidelines of Rating Agencies for Preferred Shares |
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Terms and Conditions of the Mergers |
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Additional Information About the Funds |
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Federal Income Tax Matters Associated with Investment in the Funds |
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Board Considerations in Approving the Mergers |
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Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Mergers |
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Costs of the Mergers |
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Capitalization |
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Where to Find More Information |
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PROPOSAL 3: APPROVAL OF AN AMENDMENT TO THE ADVISORY AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUIRING FUND |
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Background |
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Changes to Investment Advisory Fee Rate |
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Description of the Advisory Agreement |
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Additional Information about the Adviser |
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Board Considerations in Approving the Advisory Agreement and the Amendment |
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PROPOSAL 4: ELECTION OF TRUSTEES BY EACH FUND |
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VOTING INFORMATION |
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How to Vote Your Shares |
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Why are you sending me the Proxy Statement? |
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About the Proxy Statement and the Meeting |
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Quorum Requirement and Adjournment |
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Votes Necessary to Approve the Proposals |
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Proxy Solicitation |
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OTHER MATTERS |
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Share Ownership by Large Shareholders, Management and Trustees |
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Annual Meetings of the Funds |
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Dissenters Rights |
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Shareholder Proposals |
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Shareholder Communications |
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Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance |
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Other Meeting Matters |
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WHERE TO FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
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Exhibits |
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EXHIBIT A Outstanding Shares of the Funds |
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EXHIBIT B Ownership of the Funds |
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EXHIBIT C Comparison of Governing Documents |
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EXHIBIT D Comparison of State Laws |
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EXHIBIT E Form of Agreement and Plan of Redomestication |
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EXHIBIT F Form of Agreement and Plan of Merger |
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EXHIBIT G Information Regarding the Trustees |
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EXHIBIT H Trustee Qualifications and Experience |
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EXHIBIT I Board Leadership Structure, Role in Risk Oversight and Committees and Meetings |
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EXHIBIT J Remuneration of Trustees |
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EXHIBIT K Executive Officers of the Funds |
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EXHIBIT L Independent Auditor Information |
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EXHIBIT M MBCA Dissenters Rights |
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No dealer, salesperson or any other person has been authorized to give any information or to
make any representations other than those contained in this Proxy Statement or related solicitation
materials on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and you should not rely on such
other information or representations.
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PROPOSAL 1: APPROVAL OF REDOMESTICATION
On what am I being asked to vote?
Each Funds shareholders are being asked to approve an Agreement and Plan of Redomestication
(a Plan of Redomestication) providing for the reorganization of the Fund as a Delaware statutory
trust. Each Fund is currently a Massachusetts business trust. Each Funds Plan of Redomestication
provides for the Fund to transfer all of its assets and liabilities to a newly formed Delaware
statutory trust whose capital structure will be substantially the same as the Funds current
structure, after which Fund shareholders will own shares of the Delaware statutory trust and the
Massachusetts business trust will be liquidated and terminated. The Redomestication is only a
change to your Funds legal form of organization and there will be no change to the Funds
investments, management, fee levels, or federal income tax status as a result of the
Redomestication.
Each Funds Redomestication may proceed even if other Redomestications are not approved by
shareholders or are for any other reason not completed. A form of the Plan of Redomestication is
available in Exhibit E.
By voting for this Proposal 1, you will be voting to become a shareholder of a fund organized
as a Delaware statutory trust with portfolio characteristics, investment objectives, strategies,
risks, trustees, advisory agreements, and subadvisory arrangements and other arrangements that are
substantially the same as those currently in place for your Fund.
Has my Funds Board of Trustees approved the Redomestication?
Yes. Each Funds Board has reviewed and unanimously approved the Plan of Redomestication and
this Proposal 1. The Board of each Fund recommends that shareholders vote FOR Proposal 1.
What are the reasons for the proposed Redomestications?
The Redomestications will serve to standardize the governing documents and certain agreements
of the Funds with each other and with other funds managed by Invesco Advisers, Inc. (the
Adviser). This standardization is expected to streamline the administration of the Funds, which
may result in cost savings and more effective administration by eliminating differences in
governing documents or controlling law. In addition, the legal requirements governing business
trusts under Massachusetts law are less certain and less developed than those under Delaware law,
which sometimes necessitates the Funds bearing the cost to engage counsel to advise on the
interpretation of such law.
The Redomestications are also a necessary step for the completion of the Mergers described in
Proposal 2 because, as Delaware statutory trusts, the Funds may merge with no delay in transactions
that are expected to qualify as tax-free reorganizations. However, the Redomestication may proceed
even if the Mergers described in Proposal 2 are not approved.
What effect will a Redomestication have on me as a shareholder?
A Redomestication will have no direct effect on Fund shareholders investments. Each
redomesticated Fund will have investment advisory agreements, subadvisory arrangements,
administration agreements, custodian agreements, transfer agency agreements, and other service
provider arrangements that are identical in all material respects to those in place immediately
before the Redomestication, with certain non-substantive revisions to standardize such agreements
across the Funds. For example, after the Redomestication, the investment advisory agreements of
the Funds will contain standardized language describing how investment advisory fees are
calculated, but there will be no change to the actual calculation methodology. Each Fund will
continue to be served by the same individuals as trustees and officers, and each Fund will continue
to retain the same independent registered public accounting firm. The portfolio characteristics,
investment objectives, strategies and risks of each Fund will not change as a result of the
Redomestications.
Shareholder approval of a Redomestication will be deemed to constitute approval of the
advisory and subadvisory agreements, as well as a vote for the election of the trustees, of the
Delaware statutory trust. Accordingly, the Plan of Redomestication provides that the sole initial
shareholder of each Delaware statutory trust will vote to approve the advisory and subadvisory
agreements (which, as noted above, will be identical in all
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material respects to the Funds current agreements) and to elect the trustees of the Delaware
statutory trust (which, as noted above, will be the same as the Funds current Trustees) after
shareholder approval of the Redomestication but prior to the closing of each Redomestication.
After the Redomestications, each Fund will be a Delaware statutory trust whose capital
structure is substantially the same as its current structure. The Common Shares of each Fund will
continue to have equal rights to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets upon
liquidation, and each Fund may not declare distributions on Common Shares unless all accrued
dividends on the Funds Preferred Shares have been paid, and unless asset coverage with respect to
the Funds Preferred Shares would be at least 200% after giving effect to the distributions.
The governing documents of the Funds before and after the Redomestications will be similar,
but will contain certain material differences. Unlike the current governing documents, the new
governing documents will not provide shareholders the ability to remove Trustees or to call special
meetings of shareholders. The new governing documents will also contain a different shareholder
voting standard with respect to each Funds merger, consolidation, or conversion to an open-end
company that, in certain circumstances, may be a lower voting standard than under the current
governing documents. The new governing documents permit termination of each Fund without
shareholder approval, provided that at least 75% of the Trustees have approved such termination.
The current governing documents require shareholder approval to terminate each Fund regardless of
whether the Trustees have approved such termination. The new governing documents impose certain
obligations on shareholders seeking to initiate a derivative action on behalf of each Fund that are
not imposed under the current governing documents. A comparison of the current and proposed
governing documents of the Funds is available in Exhibit C.
The applicable Delaware statute, as applied to the Funds, will have a similar effect as the
currently applicable Massachusetts statute, although the Delaware statute generally has
significantly greater detail compared to the Massachusetts statute with respect to shareholder
rights, voting, indemnification, and other provisions. Delaware law also limits the liability of
shareholders of statutory trusts more clearly than the applicable statutes do with respect to
Massachusetts business trusts. A brief comparison of the laws governing Massachusetts business
trusts and Delaware statutory trusts is available in Exhibit D.
Will there be any tax consequences resulting from a Redomestication?
The following is a general summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations of
the Redomestications and is based upon the current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended (the Code), the existing U.S. Treasury Regulations thereunder, current administrative
rulings of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and published judicial decisions, all of which are
subject to change. These considerations are general in nature and individual shareholders should
consult their own tax advisors as to the federal, state, local, and foreign tax considerations
applicable to them and their individual circumstances. These same considerations generally do not
apply to shareholders who hold their shares in a tax-deferred account.
Each Redomestication is intended to be a tax-free reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a) of
the Code. Each Fund is currently a Massachusetts business trust. Each Redomestication will be
completed pursuant to a Plan of Redomestication that provides for the applicable Fund to transfer
all of its assets and liabilities to a newly formed Delaware statutory trust (DE-Fund), after
which Fund shareholders will own shares of the Delaware statutory trust and the Massachusetts
business trust will be liquidated. Even though the Redomestication of a Fund is part of an overall
plan to effect the Merger of each Target Fund with the Acquiring Fund, the Redomestications will be
treated as separate transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The principal federal
income tax considerations that are expected to result from the Redomestication of an applicable
Fund are as follows:
no gain or loss will be recognized by the Fund or the shareholders of the Fund as a result of the
Redomestication;
no gain or loss will be recognized by the DE-Fund as a result of the Redomestication;
the aggregate tax basis of the shares of the DE-Fund to be received by a shareholder of the Fund
will be the same as the shareholders aggregate tax basis of the shares of the Fund; and
the holding period of the shares of the DE-Fund received by a shareholder of the Fund will
include the period that a shareholder held the shares of the Fund (provided that such shares of the
Fund are capital assets in the hands of such shareholder as of the Closing (as defined herein)).
2
Neither the Funds nor the DE-Funds have requested or will request an advance ruling from the
IRS as to the federal tax consequences of the Redomestications. As a condition to Closing, Stradley
Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP will render a favorable opinion to each Fund and DE-Fund as to the
foregoing federal income tax consequences of each Redomestication, which opinion will be
conditioned upon, among other things, the accuracy, as of the Closing Date (as defined herein), of
certain representations of each Fund and DE-Fund upon which Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP
will rely in rendering its opinion. A copy of the opinion will be filed with the SEC and will be
available for public inspection. See Where to Find Additional Information. Opinions of counsel
are not binding upon the IRS or the courts. If a Redomestication is consummated but the IRS or the
courts determine that the Redomestication does not qualify as a tax-free reorganization under the
Code, and thus is taxable, each Fund would recognize gain or loss on the transfer of its assets to
its corresponding DE-Fund and each shareholder of the Fund would recognize a taxable gain or loss
equal to the difference between its tax basis in its Fund shares and the fair market value of the
shares of the DE-Fund it receives. The failure of one Redomestication to qualify as a tax-free
reorganization would not adversely affect any other Redomestication.
When are the Redomestications expected to occur?
If shareholders of a Fund approve Proposal 1, it is anticipated that such Funds
Redomestication will occur in the third quarter of 2012.
What will happen if shareholders of a Fund do not approve Proposal 1?
If Proposal 1 is not approved by a Funds shareholders or if a Redomestication is for other
reasons not able to be completed, that Fund would not be redomesticated. In addition, that Fund
would not participate in a Merger, even if that Funds shareholders approve the Merger under
Proposal 2. If Acquiring Fund Shareholders do not approve Proposal 1 or if the Acquiring Funds
Redomestication is for any other reason not completed, no Mergers would be completed. If Proposal
1 is not approved by shareholders, the applicable Funds Board will consider other possible courses
of action for that Fund.
THE BOARDS RECOMMEND THAT YOU VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF PROPOSAL 1.
PROPOSAL 2: APPROVAL OF MERGERS
On what am I being asked to vote?
Shareholders of each Target Fund are being asked to consider and approve a Merger of their
Target Fund with and into the Acquiring Fund, as summarized below. Shareholders of the Acquiring
Fund are also being asked to consider and approve each such Merger, which involves the issuance of
new Common and Preferred Shares by the Acquiring Fund. If a Merger is approved, Common Shares of
the Target Fund will be exchanged for newly issued Acquiring Fund Common Shares of equal aggregate
net asset value. Preferred Shares of a Target Fund will be exchanged for newly issued Acquiring
Fund Preferred Shares with substantially identical terms, including equal aggregate liquidation
preferences.
Each Merger will be completed pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement)
that provides for the applicable Target Fund to merge with and into the Acquiring Fund pursuant to
the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. A form of the Merger Agreement is included as Exhibit F. Each
Merger Agreement is substantially the same. The merger of one Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund
may proceed even if the merger of the other Target Fund is not approved by shareholders or is for
any other reason not completed. A Merger can proceed only if both the Target Fund and the
Acquiring Fund have also approved their respective Redomestications.
SUMMARY OF KEY INFORMATION REGARDING THE MERGERS
The following is a summary of certain information contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement
and in the Merger Agreement. Shareholders should read the entire Proxy Statement carefully for
more complete information.
Has my Funds Board of Trustees approved the Merger(s)?
Yes. Each Funds Board has reviewed and unanimously approved the Merger Agreement and this
Proposal 2. Each Funds Board determined that the Mergers are in the best interest of each Fund
and will not dilute the
3
interests of the existing shareholders of any Fund. Each Funds Board recommends that shareholders
vote FOR Proposal 2.
What are the reasons for the proposed Mergers?
The Mergers proposed in this Proxy Statement are part of a larger group of transactions across
the Advisers fund platform that began in early 2011. The Mergers are being proposed to reduce the
number of closed-end funds with similar investment processes and investment philosophies managed by
the Adviser.
Fund shareholders may benefit from the Mergers by becoming shareholders of a larger Fund that
may have a more diversified portfolio, [lower expense ratios, which could increase yields], greater
market liquidity, more analyst coverage, and smaller spreads and trading discounts, although there
is no guarantee that this will occur.
In considering the Mergers and the Merger Agreement, the Board of each Fund considered these
and other factors in concluding that the Mergers would be in the best interest of the Funds and
would not dilute the interests of the existing shareholders of any Fund. The Boards
considerations are described in more detail below in the section entitled Additional Information
About the Funds and the Mergers Board Considerations in Approving the Mergers.
What effect will a Merger have on me as a shareholder?
If you own Target Fund Common Shares, you will, after the Merger, own Common Shares of the
Acquiring Fund with an aggregate net asset value equal to the Target Fund Common Shares you held
immediately before the Merger. It is likely, however, that the market value of such Common Shares
will differ because market value reflects trading activity on the Exchange and tends to vary from
net asset value.
If you are a Common Shareholder of the Acquiring Fund, your Common Shares of the Acquiring
Fund will not be changed by a Merger, but will represent a smaller percentage interest in a larger
fund.
The principal differences between the Target Funds and the Acquiring Fund are described in the
following sections.
How do the Funds investment objectives and principal investment strategies compare?
The Funds have the same investment objective. Each Funds investment objective is to provide
current income which is exempt from federal income tax. For each Fund, the investment objective
may be changed only with shareholder approval.
The principal investment strategies of the Acquiring Fund are substantially the same as the
principal investment strategies of the Target Funds, except that when market conditions dictate a
more defensive investment strategy, the Acquiring Fund and IQT may, in certain circumstances,
invest in money market funds (including money market funds affiliated with the Adviser). When
market conditions dictate a more defensive investment strategy, IQM may not invest in money market
funds (including money market funds affiliated with the Adviser).
The section below entitled Additional Information About the Funds and the Mergers Principal
Investment Strategies provides more information on the principal investment strategies of the
Target Funds and the Acquiring Fund and highlights certain key differences.
How do the Funds principal risks compare?
The principal risks that may affect each Funds investment portfolio are identical.
Investment in any of the Funds involves risks, including the risk that shareholders may
receive little or no return on their investment, and the risk that shareholders may lose part or
all of the money they invest. There can be no guarantee against losses resulting from an
investment in a Fund, nor can there be any assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment
objective. Whether a Fund achieves its investment objective depends on market conditions generally
and on the Advisers analytical and portfolio management skills. As with any managed fund, the
Adviser may not be successful in selecting the best-performing securities or investment techniques,
and a Funds performance may lag behind that of similar funds. The risks associated with an
investment in a Fund can increase during times of significant market volatility. An investment in
a Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or
4
guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. Before
investing in a Fund, potential shareholders should carefully evaluate the risks.
Additional information on the principal risks of each Fund is included below under Additional
Information About the Funds and the Mergers Principal Risks of an Investment in the Funds and in
the SAI.
How do the Funds expenses compare?
The table below provides a summary comparison of the expenses of the Funds. The table also
shows estimated expenses on a pro forma basis giving effect to the proposed Merger with [Target
Fund] and giving effect to both Mergers. The pro forma expense ratios show projected estimated
expenses, but actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. Note that pro forma total
expenses of the Acquiring Fund are expected to be higher than the current total expenses of
each Target Fund.
It is anticipated that the lowest expense ratio will be achieved for the Acquiring Fund if all
of the Mergers are completed and that the highest expense ratio will result if [target fund] is the
only Target Fund that participates in a Merger with the Acquiring Fund. The range of impact to
Fund expenses is reflected in the following expense table, which provides the highest and lowest
projected expense ratios for the Acquiring Fund.
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Current* |
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Pro Forma* |
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Pro Forma* |
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Target Fund |
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Target Funds |
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+ |
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+ |
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Acquiring Fund |
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Acquiring Fund |
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(assumes only |
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(assumes both |
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Merger with [target |
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Mergers are |
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IQT |
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IQM |
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(IQI) |
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fund] is completed) |
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completed) |
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Shareholder Fees (Fees paid directly from your investment) |
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Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) |
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None |
(a) |
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None |
(a) |
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None |
(a) |
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None |
(a) |
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None |
(a) |
Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
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None |
(b) |
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None |
(b) |
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None |
(b) |
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None |
(b) |
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None |
(b) |
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Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
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Management Fees (d) |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% (d) |
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[__] |
% (d) |
[Interest and Related Expenses] (g) |
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Other Expenses |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% (f) |
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[__] |
% (f) |
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[__] |
% (f) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
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[__] |
% (c) |
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[__] |
% (c) |
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[__] |
% (c) |
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[__] |
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[__] |
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Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement |
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[0.00] |
% |
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[0.00] |
% |
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[0.00] |
% |
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[0.00] |
% (e) |
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[0.00] |
% (e) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses after Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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[__] |
% |
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* |
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[Expense ratios reflect annual fund operating expenses for the most recent fiscal year of the
Funds, restated, for the Acquiring Fund, to reflect the advisory fee increase described in
Proposal 3]. Preferred Shares do not bear any transaction or operating expenses of the Funds.
Pro forma numbers are estimated as if the Merger(s) had been completed as of March 1, 2011 and
do not include the estimated costs of the Merger. The estimated Merger costs that each Target
Fund will bear are [$100,000]. The Adviser estimates that shareholders will recoup these
costs through reduced expenses in [10] months or less.] For more information on the costs of
the Merger to be borne by the Funds, see Costs of the Mergers below. |
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(a) |
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Common Shares of each Fund purchased on the secondary market are not subject to sales
charges, but may be subject to brokerage commissions or other charges. |
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(b) |
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Each participant in a Funds dividend reinvestment plan pays a proportionate share of the
brokerage commissions incurred with respect to open market purchases in connection with such
plan. For each Funds last fiscal year, participants in the plan incurred brokerage
commissions representing $[0.03] per Common Share. |
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(c) |
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Based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. |
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(d) |
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[Assumes that Proposal 3 is approved and the increased advisory fee is implemented.]
[Although the management fee rates will not change in connection with the merger, the pro
forma combined fund would have proportionately more leverage through Preferred Shares than is
currently the case for either Target Fund.] |
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(e) |
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[Effective upon the closing of the Merger, the Adviser has contractually agreed, through at
least June 30, 2014, to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse expenses to the extent necessary
to limit the Acquiring Funds Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or
Expense Reimbursement (which excludes certain items discussed below) to [__]% of average daily
net assets. In determining the Advisers obligation to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse
expenses, the following expenses are not taken into |
5
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account, and could cause Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement to exceed the limit
reflected above: (i) interest; (ii) taxes; (iii) dividend expense on short sales; (iv)
extraordinary or non-routine items, such as litigation, reorganizations and mergers; and (v)
expenses that the Fund has incurred but did not actually pay because of an expense offset
arrangement. Unless the Board and the Adviser mutually agree to amend or continue the fee
waiver agreement, it will terminate on June 30, 2014.] |
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(f) |
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Unless otherwise indicated, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are less than 0.01%. |
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(g) |
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[Interest and Related Expenses arises because accounting rules require the Funds to treat
interest paid by trusts issuing certain inverse floating rate investments held by the Funds as
having been paid (indirectly) by the Funds. Because the Funds also recognize corresponding
amounts of interest income (also indirectly), each Funds Common Share net asset value, net
investment income and total return are not affected by this accounting treatment. The actual
Interest and Related Expenses incurred in the future may be higher or lower.] [Dividends
paid on each Funds currently outstanding Preferred Shares are recognized as interest expense
for financial reporting purposes.] [The dividend payment rate vary based on ___.] |
Expense Example
This example compares the cost of investing in Acquiring Fund Common Shares with the cost of
investing in Target Fund Common Shares based on the expense table set out above. The example also
provides information on a pro forma basis giving effect to the proposed Merger with [Target Fund]
and giving effect to both Mergers, and it assumes that Proposal 3 has been approved. It also
assumes an investment at net asset value (NAV) of $1,000 for the periods shown; a 5% investment
return each year; the Funds operating expenses remain the same each year; that any contractual
fee limits or waivers are terminated after their current terms expire; and that all dividends and
distributions are reinvested at NAV. Based on these assumptions, the costs would be:
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1 Year |
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3 Years |
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5 Years |
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10 Years |
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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IQT |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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IQM |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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Pro Forma (Target Fund +
Acquiring Fund, assuming
only Merger with [target
fund] is completed) |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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Pro Forma (Target Funds +
Acquiring Fund, assuming
both Mergers are completed) |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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$ |
[__] |
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The Example is not a representation of past or future expenses. Each Funds actual expenses,
and an investors direct and indirect expenses, may be more or less than those shown. The table
and the assumption in the Example of a 5% annual return are required by regulations of the SEC
applicable to all registered funds. The 5% annual return is not a prediction of and does not
represent the Funds projected or actual performance.
For further discussion regarding the Boards consideration of the fees and expenses of the
Funds in approving the Mergers, see the section entitled Additional Information About the Funds
and the Mergers Board Considerations in Approving the Mergers in this Proxy Statement.
How do the after tax performance records of the Funds compare?
The total after-tax return figures at NAV for each Funds Common Shares as of [ ], 2012
are shown below. The returns below are not indicative of a Funds future performance. Additional
performance information and a discussion of performance are included in each Funds most recent
report to shareholders.
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1 Year |
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3 Years |
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5 Years |
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10 Years |
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
IQT |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
IQM |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
Barclays Capital Municipal Bond Index |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
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[___] |
% |
As of [_____], 2012, IQT had a monthly distribution yield of [___]% per share, IQM had a
monthly distribution yield of [___]% per share, and the Acquiring Fund had a monthly distribution
yield of [___]% per share.
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal
income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns
depend on an investors tax situation and
6
may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns shown
are not relevant to investors who hold their Common Shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such
as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
How do the management, investment adviser and other service providers of the Funds compare?
Each Fund is overseen by a Board composed of the same individuals and each Funds affairs are
managed by the same officers. The Adviser, a registered investment adviser, serves as investment
adviser for each Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement that contains substantially
identical terms (except for fees in the event that Proposal 3 is approved) for each Fund. The
Adviser oversees the management of each Funds portfolio, manages each Funds business affairs and
provides certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative services. The Adviser has acted as
an investment adviser since its organization in 1976. As of [___], 2012, the Adviser had $[300.3]
billion under management. The Adviser is located at 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia
30309.
The Adviser is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Invesco Ltd. (Invesco). Invesco is a
leading independent global investment management company, dedicated to helping people worldwide
build their financial security. Invesco provides a comprehensive array of enduring solutions for
retail, institutional and high-net-worth clients around the world. Operating in [20] countries,
Invesco had $[418.8] billion in assets under management as of [___], 2012. Invesco is organized
under the laws of Bermuda, and its common shares are listed and traded on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol IVZ. Invesco is located at 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta,
Georgia 30309.
All of the ordinary business expenses incurred in the operations of a Fund are borne by the
Fund unless specifically provided otherwise in the advisory agreement. Expenses borne by the Funds
include but are not limited to brokerage commissions, taxes, legal, accounting, auditing, or
governmental fees, the cost of preparing share certificates, custodian, transfer and shareholder
service agent costs, expenses of registering and qualifying shares for sale, expenses relating to
Trustee and shareholder meetings, the cost of preparing and distributing reports and notices to
shareholders, and the fees and other expenses incurred by the Funds in connection with membership
in investment company organizations.
A discussion of the basis for the Boards most recent approval of each Funds investment
advisory agreements is included in the Funds semiannual report for the six months ended August 31,
2011.
The contractual advisory fee rate of the Acquiring Fund will, if Proposal 3 is approved by
shareholders, be higher than the advisory fee rate of either Target Fund. The following table
compares the contractual advisory fee rates of the Funds.
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IQT |
|
IQM |
|
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
[0.27%] |
|
[0.27%] |
|
[0.55%*] |
|
|
|
* |
|
Assumes approval and implementation of the Amendment discussed in Proposal 3. |
Each of the Funds calculates its advisory fee as a percentage of its managed assets, which
for this purpose means the Funds net assets, plus assets attributable to outstanding Preferred
Shares and the amount of any borrowings incurred for the purpose of leverage (whether or not such
borrowed amounts are reflected in the Funds financial statements for purposes of generally
accepted accounting principles). As a result, the actual amount paid by each Fund, as a percentage
of NAV, will typically exceed the contractual rate set out above. For more information, see the
table above under How do the Funds expenses compare?
Contingent on the completion of the Mergers, the Adviser has contractually agreed through [
] to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse expenses to the extent necessary to limit total annual
operating expenses of the Acquiring Fund to [0.70%], subject to certain exceptions.
Each Funds advisory agreement provides that the Adviser may delegate any and all of its
rights, duties, and obligations to one or more wholly owned affiliates of Invesco as sub-advisers
(the Invesco Sub-Advisers). Pursuant to the Funds Master Intergroup Sub-Advisory Contract, the
Invesco Sub-Advisers may be appointed by the Adviser from time to time to provide discretionary
investment management services, investment advice, and/or order execution services to a Fund. Each
Invesco Sub-Adviser is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser.
Other key service providers to the Target Funds, including the administrator, transfer agent,
custodian, and auditor, provide substantially the same services to the Acquiring Fund. Each Fund
has entered into a master administrative services agreement with the Adviser, pursuant to which the
Adviser performs or arranges for the
7
provision of accounting and other administrative services to
the Funds which are not required to be performed by the Adviser under its investment advisory
agreements with the Funds. The custodian for the Funds is State Street Bank and Trust Company, One
Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. The transfer agent and dividend paying
agent for the Funds is Computershare Trust Company, N.A., P.O. Box 43078, Providence, Rhode Island
02940-3078.
Does the Acquiring Fund have the same portfolio managers as the Target Funds?
Yes. The portfolio management team for the Target Funds is the same as the portfolio
management team for the Acquiring Fund. Information on the portfolio managers of the Funds is
included below under Additional Information About the Funds and the Mergers Portfolio Managers
and in the SAI.
How do the distribution policies of the Funds compare?
Each Fund declares and pays monthly dividends from net investment income to Common
Shareholders. Each Fund declares daily and pays monthly dividends from net investment income to
Preferred Shareholders. Distributions from net realized capital gain, if any, are generally paid
annually and are distributed on a pro rata basis to Common and Preferred Shareholders. Each Fund
may also declare and pay capital gains distributions more frequently, if necessary, in order to
reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. Each Fund offers a dividend
reinvestment plan for Common Shareholders, which is fully described in the Funds shareholder
reports.
Will there be any tax consequences resulting from the Mergers?
Each Merger is designed to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for federal income tax
purposes and each Fund anticipates receiving a legal opinion to that effect (although there can be
no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will adopt a similar position). This means that the
shareholders of each Target Fund will recognize no gain or loss for federal income tax purposes
upon the exchange of all of their shares in such Target Fund for shares in the Acquiring Fund.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisor about state and local tax consequences of the
Mergers, if any, because the information about tax consequences in this Proxy Statement relates
only to the federal income tax consequences of the Mergers.
Prior to the closing of each Merger, each Target Fund will declare one or more dividends, and
the Acquiring Fund may, but is not required to, declare a dividend, payable at or near the time of
closing to their respective shareholders to the extent necessary to avoid entity level tax or as
otherwise deemed desirable. Such distributions, if made, are anticipated to be made in the 2012
calendar year and, to the extent a distribution is not an exempt-interest dividend (as defined in
the Code), the distribution may be taxable to shareholders in such year for federal income tax
purposes. It is anticipated that Fund distributions will be primarily dividends that are exempt
from regular federal income tax, although a portion of such dividends may be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Any such final distribution paid to Common
Shareholders by a Target Fund will be made in cash and not reinvested in additional Common Shares
of the Target Fund. See the discussion under Description of Securities to be Issued Dividend
Reinvestment Plan for further information.
When are the Mergers expected to occur?
If shareholders of a Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund approve the Merger and the
Redomestication (Proposal 1), it is anticipated that the Merger will occur in the third quarter of
2012.
What will happen if shareholders of a Fund do not approve a Merger?
If a Merger is not approved by shareholders or is for other reasons unable to be completed,
the applicable Fund will continue to operate and the Funds Board will consider other possible
courses of action for the Fund.
What if I do not wish to participate in the Merger?
If you are a Target Fund Common Shareholder and you do not wish to have your Target Fund
Common Shares exchanged for Common Shares of the Acquiring Fund, you may sell your Target Fund
Common Shares on the Exchange prior to the consummation of the Merger. Acquiring Fund Common
Shareholders may also sell their Common Shares if they do not want to continue to own Common Shares
in the combined Fund following a Merger. If you sell your Common Shares, you will incur any
applicable brokerage charges, and if you hold Common Shares
8
in a taxable account, you will
recognize a taxable gain or loss based on the difference between your tax basis in the Common
Shares and the amount you receive for them. After the Merger, you may sell your Common Shares of
the Acquiring Fund on the Exchange.
Each Target Funds governing documents provide that shareholders do not have the right to
dissent and obtain payment of the fair value of their shares, and each Target Fund believes that
its Common Shareholders will not have such rights. However, because certain contrary
interpretations of applicable Massachusetts law could apply to the Target Funds, information with
respect to dissenters rights under Massachusetts law is provided under Other Matters
Dissenters Rights.
Where can I find more information about the Funds and the Mergers?
The remainder of this Proxy Statement contains additional information about the Funds and the
Mergers, as well as information on the other proposals to be voted on at the Meeting. You are
encouraged to read the entire document. Additional information about the Fund can be found in the
SAI and in the Funds shareholder reports. If you need any assistance, or have any questions
regarding the Mergers or how to vote, please call Invesco Client Services at (800) 341-2929.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS AND THE MERGERS
Principal Investment Strategies
The following section compares the principal investment strategies of the Target Funds with
the principal investment strategies of the Acquiring Fund and highlights any key differences. In
addition to the principal investment strategies described below, each Fund may use other investment
strategies and is also subject to certain additional investment policies and limitations, which are
described in the SAI and in each Funds shareholder reports. Page [ ] of this Proxy Statement
describes how you can obtain copies of these documents.
Investment Strategies. The principal investment strategies of the Acquiring Fund are
substantially similar to the principal investment strategies of the Target Funds, except that when
market conditions dictate a more defensive investment strategy, the Acquiring Fund and IQT may, in
certain circumstances, invest in money market funds (including money market funds affiliated with
the Adviser). When market conditions dictate a more defensive investment strategy, IQM may not
invest in money market funds (including money market funds affiliated with the Adviser).
Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of each Funds total assets will be invested in
municipal securities. For each Fund, the policy stated in the foregoing sentence is a
nonfundamental policy. For each Fund, under normal market conditions, the Funds investment
adviser, Adviser seeks to achieve each Funds investment objective by investing at least 80% of its
total assets in investment grade municipal securities. Investment grade securities are: (i)
securities rated BBB- or higher by Standard & Poors Financial Services LLC, a subsidiary of The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (S&P) or Baa3 or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc.
(Moodys) or an equivalent rating by another nationally recognized statistical rating
organization (NRSRO); (ii) comparably rated short-term securities; or (iii) unrated municipal
securities determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality at the time of purchase. Under
normal market conditions, each Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in municipal
securities rated below investment grade or that are unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of
comparable quality at the time of purchase. Lower-grade securities are commonly referred to as
junk bonds and involve greater risks than investments in higher-grade securities. Each Fund does
not purchase securities that are in default or rated in categories lower than B- by S&P or B3 by
Moodys or unrated securities of comparable quality.
The foregoing percentage and rating limitations apply at the time of acquisition of a security
based on the last previous determination of each Funds net asset value. Any subsequent change in
any rating by a rating service or change in percentages resulting from market fluctuations or other
changes in a Funds total assets will not require elimination of any security from the Funds
portfolio.
Each Fund may invest all or a substantial portion of its total assets in municipal securities
that may subject certain investors to the federal alternative minimum tax and, therefore, a
substantial portion of the income produced by each Fund may be taxable for such investors under the
federal alternative minimum tax. Accordingly, a Fund
9
may not be a suitable investment for
investors who are already subject to the federal alternative minimum tax or could become subject to
the federal alternative minimum tax as a result of an investment in the Fund.
The Adviser buys and sells securities for each Fund with a view towards seeking a high level
of current income exempt from federal income taxes, subject to reasonable credit risk. As a
result, each Fund will not
necessarily invest in the highest yielding municipal securities permitted by its investment
policies if the Adviser determines that market risks or credit risks associated with such
investments would subject a Funds portfolio to undue risk. The potential realization of capital
gains or losses resulting from possible changes in interest rates will not be a major consideration
and frequency of portfolio turnover generally will not be a limiting factor if the Adviser
considers it advantageous to purchase or sell securities.
The Adviser employs a bottom-up, research-driven approach to identify securities that have
attractive risk/reward characteristics for the sectors in which each Fund invests. The Adviser
also integrates macroeconomic analysis and forecasting into its evaluation and ranking of various
sectors and individual securities. Finally, each Fund employs leverage in an effort to enhance
each Funds income and total return. Sell decisions are based on: (i) a deterioration or likely
deterioration of an individual issuers capacity to meet its debt obligations on a timely basis;
(ii) a deterioration or likely deterioration of the broader fundamentals of a particular industry
or sector; and (iii) opportunities in the secondary or primary market to purchase a security with
better relative value.
Municipal Securities. Municipal securities are obligations issued by or on behalf of states,
territories or possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia and their cities,
counties, political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, the interest on which, in the
opinion of bond counsel or other counsel to the issuers of such securities, is, at the time of
issuance, exempt from federal income tax. The Adviser does not conduct its own analysis of the tax
status of the interest paid by municipal securities held by each Fund, but will rely on the opinion
of counsel to the issuer of each such instrument.
The issuers of municipal securities obtain funds for various public purposes, including the
construction of a wide range of public facilities, such as airports, highways, bridges, schools,
hospitals, housing, mass transportation, streets and water and sewer works. Other public purposes
for which municipal securities may be issued include refunding outstanding obligations, obtaining
funds for general operating expenses and obtaining funds to lend to other public institutions and
facilities. Certain types of municipal securities are issued to obtain funding for privately
operated facilities.
The yields of municipal securities depend on, among other things, general money market
conditions, general conditions of the municipal securities market, size of a particular offering,
the maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. There is no limitation as to the maturity
of the municipal securities in which a Fund may invest. The ratings of S&P and Moodys represent
their opinions of the quality of the municipal securities they undertake to rate. These ratings
are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal securities with the
same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields, while municipal securities of the same
maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield.
The two principal classifications of municipal securities are general obligation and revenue
or special delegation securities. General obligation securities are secured by the issuers pledge
of its faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. Revenue securities
are usually payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of
facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue
source. Industrial development bonds are usually revenue securities, the credit quality of which
is normally directly related to the credit standing of the industrial user involved.
Within these principal classifications of municipal securities, there are a variety of types
of municipal securities, including:
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Variable rate securities, which bear rates of interest that are adjusted periodically
according to formulae intended to reflect market rates of interest. |
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Municipal notes, including tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity,
generally less than three years, which are issued to obtain temporary funds for various public
purposes. |
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Variable rate demand notes, which are obligations that contain a floating or variable
interest rate adjustment formula and which are subject to a right of demand for payment of the
principal balance plus accrued interest either at any time or at specified intervals. The
interest rate on a variable rate demand note may be based on a known lending rate, such as a
banks prime rate, and may be adjusted when such rate changes, or the interest
rate may be a market rate that is adjusted at specified intervals. The adjustment formula
maintains the value of the variable rate demand note at approximately the par value of such note
at the adjustment date. |
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Municipal leases, which are obligations issued by state and local governments or
authorities to finance the acquisition of equipment and facilities. Certain municipal lease
obligations may include non-appropriation clauses which provide that the municipality has no
obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is
appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. |
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Private activity bonds, which are issued by, or on behalf of, public authorities to finance
privately operated facilities. |
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Participation certificates, which are obligations issued by state or local governments or
authorities to finance the acquisition of equipment and facilities. They may represent
participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract. |
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Municipal securities that may not be backed by the faith, credit and taxing power of the
issuer. |
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Municipal securities that are privately placed and that may have restrictions on each
Funds ability to resell, such as timing restrictions or requirements that the securities only
be sold to qualified institutional investors. |
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Municipal securities that are insured by financial insurance companies. |
Derivatives. Each Fund may use derivative instruments for a variety of purposes, including
hedging, risk management, portfolio management or to earn income. Derivatives are financial
instruments whose value is based on the value of another underlying asset, interest rate, index or
financial instrument. Derivative instruments and techniques that a Fund may use include:
Futures. A futures contract is a standardized agreement between two parties to buy or
sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the
underlying instrument. Futures contracts are bilateral agreements, with both the purchaser and the
seller equally obligated to complete the transaction. Depending on the terms of the particular
contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying
instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date.
Swaps. A swap contract is an agreement between two parties pursuant to which the
parties exchange payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount, with the
payments calculated by reference to specified securities, indexes, reference rates, currencies or
other instruments. Most swap agreements provide that when the period payment dates for both
parties are the same, the payments are made on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are
netted out, with only the net amount paid by one party to the other). Each Funds obligations or
rights under a swap contract entered into on a net basis will generally be equal only to the net
amount to be paid or received under the agreement, based on the relative values of the positions
held by each counterparty.
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations. Each Fund may invest in inverse floating rate obligations.
Inverse floating rate obligations are variable debt instruments that pay interest at rates that
move in the opposite direction of prevailing interest rates. Because the interest rate paid to
holders of such obligations is generally determined by subtracting a variable or floating rate from
a predetermined amount, the interest rate paid to holders of such obligations will decrease as such
variable or floating rate increases and increase as such variable or floating rate decreases. The
inverse floating rate obligations in which each Fund may invest include derivative instruments such
as residual interest bonds (RIBs) or tender option bonds (TOBs). Such instruments are
typically created by a special purpose trust that holds long-term fixed rate bonds and sells two
classes of beneficial interests: short-term floating rate interests, which are sold to third party
investors, and inverse floating residual interests, which are purchased by each Fund. The
short-term floating rate interests have first priority on the cash flow from the bond held by the
special purpose trust and each Fund (as holder of the inverse floating residual interests) is paid
the residual cash flow from the bond held by the special purpose trust.
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions. Each Fund may purchase and sell securities on a
when-issued and delayed delivery basis, which means that a Fund buys or sells a security with
payment and delivery
taking place in the future. The payment obligation and the interest rate are fixed at the time a
Fund enters into the commitment. No income accrues on such securities until the date the Fund
actually takes delivery of the securities.
Preferred Shares. Each Fund uses leverage in the form of Preferred Shares. Dividends on the
Preferred Shares will typically be comparable to the yields on investment grade short-term
municipal securities, although the assets attributable to the Preferred Shares will generally be
invested in longer-term municipal securities, which typically have higher yields than short-term
municipal securities. Assuming such a yield differential, this leveraged capital structure enables
each Fund to pay a potentially higher yield on the Common Shares than similar investment companies
that do not use leverage.
Each Fund will generally maintain an asset coverage of the value of the Funds total assets,
less all liabilities and indebtedness of the Fund not represented by the Preferred Shares, of 200%
of the aggregate liquidation value of the Preferred Shares. The liquidation value of the Preferred
Shares is their aggregate original purchase price, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.
Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund may sell securities without regard to the length of time they
have been held to take advantage of new investment opportunities, yield differentials, or for other
reasons. Each Funds portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year. A high portfolio turnover
rate (100% or more) would increase a Funds transaction costs (including brokerage commissions and
dealer costs), which would adversely impact the Funds performance. High portfolio turnover may
result in the realization of more short-term capital gains than if the Fund had lower portfolio
turnover. Additionally, in a declining market, portfolio turnover may create realized capital
losses. The turnover rate will not be a limiting factor, however, if the Adviser considers
portfolio changes appropriate.
Temporary Defensive Strategy. When market conditions dictate a more defensive investment
strategy, each Fund may, on a temporary basis, hold cash or invest a portion or all of its assets
in high-quality, short-term municipal securities. If such municipal securities are not available
or, in the judgment of the Adviser, do not afford sufficient protection against adverse market
conditions, each Fund may invest in taxable instruments. Such taxable securities may include
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, other
investment grade quality fixed income securities, prime commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
bankers acceptances and other obligations of domestic banks, repurchase agreements and in the case
of the Acquiring Fund and IQT, money market funds (including money market funds affiliated with the
Adviser). In taking a defensive position, a Fund would temporarily not be pursuing its principal
investment strategies and may not achieve its investment objective.
Zero Coupon/PIK Bonds. Each Fund may invest in securities not producing immediate cash
income, including zero coupon securities or pay-in-kind (PIK) securities, when their effective
yield over comparable instruments producing cash income makes these investments attractive. PIK
securities are debt securities that pay interest through the issuance of additional securities.
Zero coupon securities are debt securities that do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment
of interest prior to maturity or a specified date when the securities begin paying current
interest. They are issued and traded at a discount from their face amounts or par value, which
discount varies depending on the time remaining until cash payments begin, prevailing interest
rates, liquidity of the security and the perceived credit quality of the issuer. The securities do
not entitle the holder to any periodic payments of interest prior to maturity, which prevents any
reinvestment of interest payments at prevailing interest rates if prevailing interest rates rise.
On the other hand, because there are no periodic interest payments to be reinvested prior to
maturity, zero coupon securities eliminate the reinvestment risk and may lock in a favorable rate
of return to maturity if interest rates drop. In addition, each Fund would be required to
distribute the income on these instruments as it accrues, even though the Fund will not receive all
of the income on a current basis or in cash. Thus, the Fund may have to sell other investments,
including when it may not be advisable to do so, to make income distributions to the Common
Shareholders.
More information on these and other investment strategies of the Funds is available in the
SAI.
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Principal Risks of an Investment in the Funds
A comparison of the principal risks associated with the Funds investment strategies is
included above under How do the Funds principal risks compare? The following table provides
further information on the principal risks of an investment in the Funds.
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
Municipal Securities Risk. Under normal market
conditions, longer-term municipal securities
generally provide a higher yield than shorter-term
municipal securities. Each Fund has no limitation
as to the maturity of municipal securities in which
it may invest. The Adviser may adjust the average
maturity of each Funds portfolio from time to time
depending on its assessment of the relative yields
available on securities of different maturities and
its expectations of future changes in interest
rates. The yields of municipal securities may move
differently and adversely compared to the yields of
the overall debt securities markets. Certain kinds
of municipal securities are subject to specific
risks that could cause a decline in the value of
those securities:
Lease Obligations. Certain lease obligations contain
non-appropriation clauses that provide that the
governmental issuer has no obligation to make future
payments under the lease or contract unless money is
appropriated for that purpose by the appropriate
legislative body on an annual or other periodic
basis. Consequently, continued lease payments on
those lease obligations containing non-appropriation
clauses are dependent on future legislative actions.
If these legislative actions do not occur, the
holders of the lease obligation may experience
difficulty in exercising their rights, including
disposition of the property.
Private Activity Bonds. The issuers of private
activity bonds in which each Fund may invest may be
negatively impacted by conditions affecting either
the general credit of the user of the private
activity project or the project itself. Conditions
such as regulatory and environmental restrictions
and economic downturns may lower the need for these
facilities and the ability of users of the project
to pay for the facilities. Private activity bonds
may also pay interest subject to the alternative
minimum tax.
In 2011, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit
rating on the U.S. to AA+ from AAA with a
negative outlook. Following S&Ps downgrade of the
long-term sovereign credit rating on the U.S., the
major rating agencies have also placed many
municipalities on review for potential downgrades,
which could impact the market price, liquidity and
volatility of the municipal securities held by each
Fund in its portfolio. If the universe of municipal
securities meeting a Funds ratings and credit
quality requirements shrinks, it may be more
difficult for the Fund to meet its investment
objective and the Funds investments may become more
concentrated in fewer issues. Future downgrades by
other rating agencies could have significant adverse
effects on the economy generally and could result in
significant adverse impacts on municipal issuers and
each Fund.
Many state and municipal governments that issue
securities are under significant economic and
financial stress and may not be able to satisfy
their obligations. In response to the national
economic downturn, governmental cost burdens have
been and may continue to be reallocated among
federal, state and local governments. The ability
of municipal issuers to make timely payments of
interest and principal may be diminished during
general economic downturns and as governmental cost
burdens are reallocated among federal, state and
local governments. Also, as a result of the
downturn and related unemployment, declining income
and loss of property values, many state and local
governments have experienced significant reductions
in revenues and consequently difficulties meeting
ongoing expenses. As a result, certain of these
state and local governments may have difficulty
paying or default in the payment of principal or
interest on their outstanding debt, may experience
ratings downgrades of their debt. The taxing power
of any governmental entity may be limited by
provisions of state constitutions or laws and an
entitys credit will depend on many factors,
including the entitys tax base, the extent to which
the entity relies on federal or state aid, and other
factors which are beyond the entitys control. In
addition, laws enacted in the future by Congress or
state legislatures or referenda could extend the
time for payment of principal and/or interest, or
impose other constraints on enforcement of
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All Funds |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
such
obligations or on the ability of municipalities to
levy taxes.
In addition, municipalities might seek protection
under the bankruptcy laws, thereby affecting the
repayment of their outstanding debt. Issuers of
municipal securities might seek protection under the
bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such
an issuer, holders of municipal securities could
experience delays in collecting principal and
interest and such holders may not be able to collect
all principal and interest to which they are
entitled. Certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy
Code governing such bankruptcies are unclear.
Further, the application of state law to municipal
securities issuers could produce varying results
among the states or among municipal securities
issuers within a state. These uncertainties could
have a significant impact on the prices of the
municipal securities in which each Fund invests.
The value of municipal securities generally may be
affected by uncertainties in the municipal markets
as a result of legislation or litigation, including
legislation or litigation that changes the taxation
of municipal securities or the rights of municipal
securities holders in the event of a bankruptcy. To
enforce its rights in the event of a default in the
payment of interest or repayment of principal, or
both, each Fund may take possession of and manage
the assets securing the issuers obligations on such
securities, which may increase the Funds operating
expenses. Any income derived from a Funds
ownership or operation of such assets may not be
tax-exempt and could jeopardize the Funds status as
a regulated investment company under the Code.
The U.S. economy may be in the process of
deleveraging, with individuals, companies and
municipalities reducing expenditures and paying down
borrowings. In such event, the number of municipal
borrowers and the amount of outstanding municipal
securities may contract, potentially without
corresponding reductions in investor demand for
municipal securities. As a result, each Fund may
have fewer investment alternatives, may invest in
securities that it previously would have declined
and may concentrate its investments in a smaller
number of issuers. |
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Insurance Risk. Financial insurance guarantees that
interest payments on a bond will be made on time and
that principal will be repaid when the bond matures.
Insured municipal obligations would generally be
assigned a lower rating if the rating were based
primarily on the credit quality of the issuer
without regard to the insurance feature. If the
claims-paying ability of the insurer were
downgraded, the ratings on the municipal obligations
it insures may also be downgraded. Insurance does
not protect each Fund against losses caused by
declines in a bonds value due to a change in market
conditions.
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All Funds |
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Market Risk. Market risk is the possibility that the
market values of securities owned by each Fund will
decline. The net asset value of a Fund will change
with changes in the value of its portfolio
securities, and the value of the Funds investments
can be expected to fluctuate over time. The
financial markets in general are subject to
volatility and may at times experience extreme
volatility and uncertainty, which may affect all
investment securities, including debt securities and
derivative instruments. Volatility may be greater
during periods of general economic uncertainty.
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All Funds |
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Interest Rate Risk. Because each Fund invests
primarily in fixed income municipal securities, the
net asset value of a Fund can be expected to change
as general levels of interest rates fluctuate. When
interest rates decline, the value of a portfolio
invested in fixed income securities generally can be
expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates
rise, the value of a portfolio invested in fixed
income securities generally can be expected to
decline. The prices of longer-term municipal
securities generally are more volatile with respect
to changes in interest rates than the prices of
shorter-term municipal securities. These risks may
be greater in the current market environment because
certain interest rates are near historically low
levels.
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All Funds |
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Credit Risk. Credit risk refers to an issuers
ability to make timely payments of interest and
principal when due. Municipal securities, like
other debt obligations, are subject to the credit
risk of nonpayment. The ability of issuers of
municipal securities to make timely payments of
interest and principal may be adversely affected by
general economic downturns and as relative
governmental cost burdens are allocated and
reallocated among
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All Funds |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
federal, state and local
governmental units. Private activity bonds used to
finance projects, such as industrial development and
pollution control, may also be negatively impacted
by the general credit of the user of the project.
Nonpayment would result in a reduction of income to
a Fund, and a potential decrease in the net asset
value of the Fund. The Adviser continuously
monitors the issuers of securities held in each
Fund.
Each Fund will rely on the Advisers judgment,
analysis and experience in evaluating the
creditworthiness of an issuer. In its analysis, the
Adviser may consider the credit ratings of NRSROs in
evaluating securities, although the Adviser does not
rely primarily on these ratings. Credit ratings of
NRSROs evaluate only the safety of principal and
interest payments, not the market risk. In
addition, ratings are general and not absolute
standards of quality, and the creditworthiness of an
issuer may decline significantly before an NRSRO
lowers the issuers rating. A rating downgrade does
not require a Fund to dispose of a security.
Medium-grade obligations (for example, bonds rated
BBB by S&P) possess speculative characteristics, so
that changes in economic conditions or other
circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened
capacity of the issuer to make principal and
interest payments than in the case of higher-rated
securities. Securities rated below investment grade
are considered speculative by NRSROs with respect to
the issuers continuing ability to pay interest and
principal. |
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Income Risk. The income received from each Fund is
based primarily on prevailing interest rates, which
can vary widely over the short and long term. If
interest rates decrease, income from a Fund may
decrease as well.
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All Funds |
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Call Risk. If interest rates fall, it is possible
that issuers of securities with high interest rates
will prepay or call their securities before their
maturity dates. In this event, the proceeds from
the called securities would likely be reinvested by
each Fund in securities bearing the new, lower
interest rates, resulting in a possible decline in a
Funds income and distributions to shareholders.
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All Funds |
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Market Segment Risk. Each Fund generally considers
investments in municipal securities issued by
governments or political subdivisions not to be
subject to industry concentration policies (because
such issuers are not in any industry). Each Fund
may, however, invest in municipal securities issued
by entities having similar characteristics. For
example, the issuers may be located in the same
geographic area or may pay their interest
obligations from revenue of similar projects, such
as hospitals, airports, utility systems and housing
finance agencies. This may make a Funds
investments more susceptible to similar economic,
political or regulatory occurrences, which could
increase the volatility of the Funds net asset
value. Each Fund may invest more than 25% of its
total assets in a segment of the municipal
securities market with similar characteristics if
the Adviser determines that the yields available
from obligations in a particular segment justify the
additional risks of a larger investment in that
segment. Each Fund may not, however, invest more
than 25% of its total assets in municipal
securities, such as many private activity bonds or
industrial development revenue bonds, issued for
non-governmental entities that are in the same
industry.
Each Fund does not have a policy limiting its
investments in municipal securities whose issuers
are located in the same state. If a Fund were to
invest a significant portion of its total assets in
issuers located in the same state, the Fund would be
more susceptible to adverse economic, business or
regulatory conditions in that state.
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All Funds |
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Tax Risk. To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal
income tax treatment generally accorded to regulated
investment companies, among other things, each Fund
must derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its
gross income from certain prescribed sources. If for
any taxable year a Fund does not qualify as a
regulated investment company, all of its taxable
income (including its net capital gain) would be
subject to federal income tax at regular corporate
rates without any deduction for distributions to
shareholders, and all distributions from the Fund
(including underlying distributions attributable to
tax-exempt interest income) would be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary dividends to the extent of
the Funds
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All Funds |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
current and accumulated earnings and
profits.
The value of each Funds investments and its net
asset value may be adversely affected by changes in
tax rates and policies. Because interest income from
municipal securities is normally not subject to
regular federal income taxation, the attractiveness
of municipal securities in relation to other
investment alternatives is affected by changes in
federal income tax rates or changes in the
tax-exempt status of interest income from municipal
securities. Any proposed or actual changes in such
rates or exempt status, therefore, can significantly
affect the demand for and supply, liquidity and
marketability of municipal securities. This could,
in turn, affect a Funds net asset value and ability
to acquire and dispose of municipal securities at
desirable yield and price levels. Additionally, each
Fund may not be a suitable investment for individual
retirement accounts, for other tax-exempt or
tax-deferred accounts or for investors who are not
sensitive to the federal income tax consequences of
their investments.
Each Fund may invest all or a substantial portion of
its total assets in municipal securities subject to
the federal alternative minimum tax. Accordingly,
an investment in a Fund could cause shareholders to
be subject to (or result in an increased liability
under) the federal alternative minimum tax. As a
result, each Fund may not be a suitable investment
for investors who are already subject to the federal
alternative minimum tax or who could become subject
to the federal alternative minimum tax as a result
of an investment in a Fund.
Subsequent to a Funds acquisition of a municipal
security, the security may be determined to pay, or
to have paid, taxable income. As a result, the
treatment of dividends previously paid or to be paid
by a Fund as exempt-interest dividends could be
adversely affected, subjecting the Funds
shareholders to increased federal income tax
liabilities.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of
ordinary taxable income (including any net
short-term capital gain) will be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income (and not eligible
for favorable taxation as qualified dividend
income), and capital gain dividends will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates. In certain
circumstances, each Fund will make payments to
holders of Preferred Shares to offset the tax
effects of a taxable distribution.
Generally, to the extent each Funds distributions
are derived from interest on municipal securities of
a particular state (and, in some cases qualifying
obligations of U.S. territories and possessions),
its distributions are exempt from the personal
income tax of that state. In some cases, each
Funds shares may (to the extent applicable) also be
exempt from personal property taxes of such state.
However, some states require that a Fund meet
certain thresholds with respect to the portion of
its portfolio consisting of municipal securities of
such state in order for such exemption to apply. |
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Risks of Using Derivative Instruments. A derivative
instrument often has risks similar to its underlying
instrument and may have additional risks, including
imperfect correlation between the value of the
derivative and the underlying instrument or
instrument being hedged, risks of default by the
other party to certain transactions, magnification
of losses incurred due to changes in the market
value of the securities, instruments, indices or
interest rates to which they relate, and risks that
the derivatives may not be liquid. The use of
derivatives involves risks that are different from,
and potentially greater than, the risks associated
with other portfolio investments. Derivatives may
involve the use of highly specialized instruments
that require investment techniques and risk analyses
different from those associated with other portfolio
investments. Certain derivative transactions may
give rise to a form of leverage. Leverage
associated with derivative transactions may cause a
Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may
not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its
obligations or to meet earmarking or segregation
requirements, pursuant to applicable SEC rules and
regulations, or may cause the Fund to be more
volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged.
Each Fund could suffer losses related to its
derivative positions as a result of unanticipated
market movements, which losses may potentially be
unlimited. Although the Adviser may seek to use
derivatives to further a Funds investment
objective, the Fund is not required to do so and
there is no assurance that the use of derivatives
will achieve this result. |
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All Funds |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
Counterparty Risk. Each Fund will be subject to
credit risk with respect to the counterparties to
the derivative transactions entered into by the
Fund. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or
otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a
derivative contract due to financial difficulties, a
Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining
any recovery under the derivative contract in
bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. A
Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may
obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
Futures Risk. A decision as to whether, when and how
to use futures involves the exercise of skill and
judgment and even a well-conceived futures
transaction may be unsuccessful because of market
behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the
derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of
futures can be highly volatile, using futures can
lower total return, and the potential loss from
futures can exceed a Funds initial investment in
such contracts.
Swaps Risk. Swap agreements are not entered into or
traded on exchanges and there is no central clearing
or guaranty function for swaps. Therefore, swaps
are subject to credit risk or the risk of default or
non-performance by the counterparty. Swaps could
result in losses if interest rate or credit quality
changes are not correctly anticipated by a Fund or
if the reference index, security or investments do
not perform as expected.
Tax Risk. The use of derivatives may generate
taxable income. In addition, each Funds use of
derivatives may be limited by the requirements for
taxation as a regulated investment company or a
Funds intention to pay dividends that are exempt
from federal income taxes. The tax treatment of
derivatives may be adversely affected by changes in
legislation, regulations or other legal authority,
subjecting a Funds shareholders to increased
federal income tax liabilities.
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations Risk. Like most
other fixed-income securities, the value of inverse
floating rate obligations will decrease as interest
rates increase. They are more volatile, however,
than most other fixed-income securities because the
coupon rate on an inverse floating rate obligation
typically changes at a multiple of the change in the
relevant index rate. Thus, any rise in the index
rate (as a consequence of an increase in interest
rates) causes a correspondingly greater drop in the
coupon rate of an inverse floating rate obligation
while a drop in the index rate causes a
correspondingly greater increase in the coupon of an
inverse floating rate obligation. Some inverse
floating rate obligations may also increase or
decrease substantially because of changes in the
rate of prepayments. Inverse floating rate
obligations tend to underperform the market for
fixed rate bonds in a rising interest rate
environment, but tend to outperform the market for
fixed rate bonds when interest rates decline or
remain relatively stable. Inverse floating rate
obligations have varying degrees of liquidity.
Each Fund generally invests in inverse floating rate
obligations that include embedded leverage, thus
exposing the Fund to greater risks and increased
costs. The market value of a leveraged inverse
floating rate obligation generally will fluctuate in
response to changes in market rates of interest to a
greater extent than the value of an unleveraged
investment. The extent of increases and decreases
in the value of inverse floating rate obligations
generally will be larger than changes in an equal
principal amount of a fixed rate security having
similar credit quality, redemption provisions and
maturity, which may cause the Funds net asset value
to be more volatile than if it had not invested in
inverse floating rate obligations.
In certain instances, the short-term floating rate
interests created by a special purpose trust may not
be able to be sold to third parties or, in the case
of holders tendering (or putting) such interests for
repayment of principal, may not be able to be
remarketed to third parties. In such cases, the
special purpose trust holding the long-term fixed
rate bonds may be collapsed. In the case of inverse
floating rate obligations created by a Fund, the
Fund would then be required to repay the principal
amount of the tendered securities. During times of
market volatility, illiquidity or uncertainty, the
Fund could be required to sell other portfolio
holdings at a disadvantageous time to raise cash to
meet that obligation. |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
The use of short-term floating rate obligations may
require a Fund to segregate or earmark cash or
liquid assets to cover its obligations. Securities
so segregated or earmarked will be unavailable for
sale by a Fund (unless replaced by other securities
qualifying for segregation requirements), which may
limit the Funds flexibility and may require that
the Fund sell other portfolio investments at a time
when it may be disadvantageous to sell such assets. |
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Risks of Investing in Lower-Grade Securities.
Securities that are in the lower-grade categories
generally offer higher yields than are offered by
higher-grade securities of similar maturities, but
they also generally involve greater risks, such as
greater credit risk, market risk, volatility and
liquidity risk. In addition, the amount of
available information about the financial condition
of certain lower-grade issuers may be less extensive
than other issuers, making each Fund more dependent
on the Advisers credit analysis than a fund
investing only in higher-grade securities. To
minimize the risks involved in investing in
lower-grade securities, each Fund does not purchase
securities that are in default or rated in
categories lower than B- by S&P or B3 by Moodys or
unrated securities of comparable quality.
Secondary market prices of lower-grade securities
generally are less sensitive than higher-grade
securities to changes in interest rates and are more
sensitive to general adverse economic changes or
specific developments with respect to the particular
issuers. A significant increase in interest rates or
a general economic downturn may significantly affect
the ability of municipal issuers of lower-grade
securities to pay interest and to repay principal,
or to obtain additional financing, any of which
could severely disrupt the market for lower-grade
municipal securities and adversely affect the market
value of such securities. Such events also could
lead to a higher incidence of default by issuers of
lower-grade securities. In addition, changes in
credit risks, interest rates, the credit markets or
periods of general economic uncertainty can be
expected to result in increased volatility in the
price of the lower-grade securities and the net
asset value of a Fund. Adverse publicity and
investor perceptions, whether or not based on
rational analysis, may affect the value, volatility
and liquidity of lower-grade securities.
In the event that an issuer of securities held by a
Fund experiences difficulties in the timely payment
of principal and interest and such issuer seeks to
restructure the terms of its borrowings, the Fund
may incur additional expenses and may determine to
invest additional assets with respect to such issuer
or the project or projects to which the Funds
securities relate. Further, each Fund may incur
additional expenses to the extent that it is
required to seek recovery upon a default in the
payment of interest or the repayment of principal on
its portfolio holdings and the Fund may be unable to
obtain full recovery on such amounts.
Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of
or in default present special tax issues for each
Fund. Federal income tax rules are not entirely
clear about issues such as when a Fund may cease to
accrue interest, original issue discount or market
discount, when and to what extent deductions may be
taken for bad debts or worthless securities, how
payments received on obligations in default should
be allocated between principal and interest and
whether certain exchanges of debt obligations in a
workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by a Fund, in the event it invests
in or holds such securities, in order to seek to
ensure that it distributes sufficient income to
preserve its status as a regulated investment
company.
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Liquidity Risk. Liquidity relates to the ability of
each Fund to sell a security in a timely manner at a
price which reflects the value of that security.
The amount of available information about the
financial condition of municipal securities issuers
is generally less extensive than that for corporate
issuers with publicly traded securities, and the
market for municipal securities is generally
considered to be less liquid than the market for
corporate debt obligations. Certain municipal
securities in which a Fund may invest, such as
special obligation bonds, lease obligations,
participation certificates and variable rate
instruments, may be particularly less liquid. To
the extent a Fund owns or may acquire illiquid or
restricted securities, these securities may involve
special registration requirements,
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All Funds |
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
liabilities and
costs, and liquidity and valuation difficulties.
The effects of adverse publicity and investor
perceptions may be more pronounced for securities
for which no established retail market exists as
compared with the effects on securities for which
such a market does exist. An economic downturn or
an increase in interest rates could severely disrupt
the market for such securities and adversely affect
the value of outstanding securities or the ability
of the issuers to repay principal and interest.
Further, a Fund may have more difficulty selling
such securities in a timely manner and at their
stated value than would be the case for securities
for which an established retail market does exist.
The markets for lower-grade securities may be less
liquid than the markets for higher-grade securities.
To the extent that there is no established retail
market for some of the lower-grade securities in
which a Fund may invest, trading in such securities
may be relatively inactive. Prices of lower-grade
securities may decline rapidly in the event a
significant number of holders decide to sell.
Changes in expectations regarding an individual
issuer of lower-grade securities generally could
reduce market liquidity for such securities and make
their sale by a Fund at their current valuation more
difficult.
From time to time, each Funds investments may
include securities as to which the Fund, by itself
or together with other funds or accounts managed by
the Adviser, holds a major portion or all of an
issue of municipal securities. Because there may be
relatively few potential purchasers for such
investments and, in some cases, there may be
contractual restrictions on resales, the Fund may
find it more difficult to sell such securities at a
time when the Adviser believes it is advisable to do
so. |
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Preferred Shares Risk. Each Funds use of leverage
through Preferred Shares may result in higher
volatility of the net asset value of the Common
Shares, and fluctuations in the dividend rates on
the Funds Preferred Shares (which are expected to
reflect yields on short term municipal securities)
may affect the yield to the Common Shareholders. So
long as a Fund is able to realize a higher net
return on its investment portfolio than the then
current dividend rate of the Preferred Shares, the
effect of the leverage provided by the Preferred
Shares will be to cause the Common Shareholders to
realize a higher current rate of return than if the
Fund were not so leveraged. On the other hand, to
the extent that the then current dividend rate on
the Preferred Shares approaches the net return on a
Funds investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage
to the Common Shareholders will be reduced, and if
the then current dividend rate on the Preferred
Shares were to exceed the net return on the Funds
portfolio, the Funds leveraged capital structure
would result in a lower rate of return to the Common
Shareholders than if the Fund were not so
structured.
Similarly, because any decline in the net asset
value of a Funds investments will be borne entirely
by the Common Shareholders, the effect of leverage
in a declining market would result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to the Common
Shareholders than if the Fund were not so leveraged.
Any such decrease would likely be reflected in a
decline in the market price for Common Shares. If a
Funds current investment income were not sufficient
to meet dividend requirements on the Preferred
Shares, the Fund might have to liquidate certain of
its investments in order to meet required dividend
payments, thereby reducing the net asset value
attributable to the Funds Common Shares.
The amount of Preferred Shares outstanding from time
to time may vary, depending on the Advisers
analysis of conditions in the municipal securities
market and interest rate movements. Management of
the amount of outstanding Preferred Shares places
greater reliance on the ability of the Adviser to
predict trends in interest rates than if a Fund did
not use leverage. In the event the Adviser later
determines that all or a portion of such Preferred
Shares should be reissued so as to increase the
amount of leverage, no assurance can be given that a
Fund will subsequently be able to reissue Preferred
Shares on terms and/or with dividend rates that are
beneficial to the Common Shareholders. Further,
redemption and reissuance of the Preferred Shares,
and any related trading of a Funds portfolio
securities, results in increased transaction costs
to the Fund and its Common Shareholders. Because
the Common Shareholders bear these expenses, changes
to the
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Principal Risk |
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Funds Subject to Risk |
Funds outstanding leverage and any losses
resulting from related portfolio trading will have a
proportionately larger impact on the Common Shares
net asset value and market price.
In addition, a Fund is not permitted to declare any
cash dividend or other distribution on its Common
Shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the
Fund has an asset coverage of at least 200%
(determined after deducting the amount of such
dividend or distribution). This prohibition on the
payment of dividends or other distributions might
impair the ability of a Fund to maintain its
qualification as a regulated investment company for
federal income tax purposes. Each Fund intends,
however, to the extent possible, to purchase or
redeem Preferred Shares from time to time to
maintain an asset coverage of the Preferred Shares
of at least 200%.
If a determination were made by the IRS to treat the
Preferred Shares as debt rather than equity for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, the Common Shareholders
might be subject to increased federal income tax
liabilities. |
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Unrated Securities Risk. Many lower-grade securities
are not listed for trading on any national
securities exchange, and many issuers of lower-grade
securities choose not to have a rating assigned to
their obligations by any NRSRO. As a result, each
Funds portfolio may consist of a higher portion of
unlisted or unrated securities as compared with an
investment company that invests solely in
higher-grade, listed securities. Unrated securities
are usually not as attractive to as many buyers as
are rated securities, a factor which may make
unrated securities less marketable. These factors
may limit the ability of a Fund to sell such
securities at their fair value. Each Fund may be
more reliant on the Advisers judgment and analysis
in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issuer of
unrated securities.
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Risks. When-issued
and delayed delivery transactions are subject to
market risk, as the value or yield of a security at
delivery may be more or less than the purchase price
or the yield generally available on securities when
delivery occurs. In addition, each Fund is subject
to counterparty risk because it relies on the buyer
or seller, as the case may be, to consummate the
transaction, and failure by the other party to
complete the transaction may result in a Fund
missing the opportunity of obtaining a price or
yield considered to be advantageous.
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Zero Coupon/PIK Bond Risk. Prices on
non-cash-paying instruments may be more sensitive to
changes in the issuers financial condition,
fluctuations in interest rates and market
demand/supply imbalances than cash-paying securities
with similar credit ratings, and thus may be more
speculative than are securities that pay interest
periodically in cash. These securities may subject
the Fund to greater market risk than a fund that
does not own these types of securities. Special
tax considerations are associated with investing in
non-cash-paying instruments, such as zero coupon or
pay-in-kind securities. The Adviser will weigh
these concerns against the expected total returns
from such instruments.
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Additional information on these and other risks is available in the SAI.
Portfolio Managers
Thomas Byron, Robert Stryker and Robert Wimmel are the portfolio managers for the Funds.
Mr. Byron joined Invesco in 2010. Mr. Byron was associated with the Funds previous investment
adviser or its investment advisory affiliates in an investment management capacity from 1981 to
2010 and began managing the Funds in 2009. Mr. Byron earned a B.S. in finance from Marquette
University and an M.B.A. in finance from DePaul University.
Mr. Stryker, Chartered Financial Analyst, joined Invesco in 2010. Mr. Stryker was associated
with the Funds previous investment adviser or its investment advisory affiliates in an investment
management capacity from 1994 to 2010 and began managing the Funds in 2009. Mr. Stryker earned a
B.S. in finance from the University of Illinois, Chicago.
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Mr. Wimmel joined Invesco in 2010. Mr. Wimmel was associated with the Funds previous
investment adviser or its investment advisory affiliates in an investment management capacity from
1996 to 2010 and began managing the Funds in 2009. Mr. Wimmel earned a B.A. in anthropology from
the University of Cincinnati and an M.A. in economics from the University of Illinois, Chicago.
The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers compensation, other
accounts managed by the portfolio managers, and the portfolio managers ownership of securities in
each Fund.
Trading of Common Shares
Each Funds Common Shares trade on the Exchange. Generally, an investor purchasing a Funds
Common Shares enters into a purchase transaction on the Exchange through a broker-dealer and, thus,
indirectly purchases the Common Shares from a selling Fund shareholder. A shareholder who sells a
Funds Common Shares generally sells them on the Exchange through a broker-dealer, and indirectly
to another investor. Unlike a mutual fund (also called an open-end fund), holders of Common
Shares of a Fund generally do not purchase and sell such Common Shares from and to the Fund, either
directly or through an intermediary such as a broker-dealer. No brokerage charges will be imposed
on any Funds shareholders in connection with the Mergers.
Capital Structures of the Funds
Each Fund is currently organized as a Massachusetts business trust. The Acquiring Fund was
organized on March 12, 1992, IQT was organized on June 28, 1991, and IQM was organized on March 3,
1993. As discussed under Proposal 1, before the closing of the Mergers, the Funds will be
reorganized as Delaware statutory trusts, which will all have identical governing documents and
capital structures. (Proposal 1 discusses the material differences between each Funds current
Massachusetts business trust structure and its proposed Delaware statutory trust structure.) The
Funds governing documents will therefore be substantially identical immediately prior to the
Mergers. Because each such Delaware statutory trust will have the same structure, each Funds
capital structure will not be affected by the Merger except that after the Merger each Funds
shareholders will hold shares of a single, larger fund.
Description of Securities to be Issued
Before any Merger can be completed, the Funds must have completed a redomestication to a
Delaware statutory trust, as discussed in Proposal 1. Accordingly, the following discussion
reflects that each Fund would be a Delaware statutory trust as of the time of its Merger. A
discussion of the changes a Fund would undergo as part of a Redomestication is included under
Proposal 1.
Each Common Share represents an equal proportionate interest with each other Common Share of
the Fund, with each such share entitled to equal dividend, liquidation, redemption and voting
rights. Each Fund also has outstanding Preferred Shares that vote separately from Common Shares in
some circumstances. Each Funds Common Shares have no preemptive, conversion or exchange rights,
nor any right to cumulative voting.
As of the closing of a Merger, the Acquiring Fund will be authorized by its Amended and
Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust to issue an unlimited number of Acquiring Fund Common
Shares, with no par value, and an unlimited number of Acquiring Fund Preferred Shares, with no par
value.
Dividends and Distributions. The dividend and distribution policies of each Target Fund are
identical to those of the Acquiring Fund. The Acquiring Fund intends to make regular monthly
distributions of all or a portion of its net investment income after payment of dividends on the
Acquiring Funds Preferred Shares outstanding to holders of the Acquiring Funds Common Shares. The
Acquiring Funds net investment income consists of all interest income accrued on portfolio assets
less all expenses of the Acquiring Fund. The Acquiring Fund is required to allocate net capital
gains and other taxable income, if any, received by the Acquiring Fund among its shareholders on a
pro rata basis in the year for which such capital gains and other income is realized. In certain
circumstances, the Acquiring Fund will make additional payments to Preferred Shareholders to offset
the tax effects of such taxable distributions.
While there are any Preferred Shares of the Acquiring Fund outstanding, the Acquiring Fund may
not declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its Common Shares, unless at the time of
such declaration, (i) all
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accrued Preferred Shares dividends have been paid, (ii) to the extent necessary, the Fund has
redeemed all of the Preferred Shares subject to mandatory redemption under the terms of the
Preferred Shares, and (iii) the value of the Acquiring Funds total assets (determined after
deducting the amount of such dividend or other distribution), less all liabilities and indebtedness
of the Fund, is at least 200% (as required by the 1940 Act) of the liquidation preference of the
outstanding Preferred Shares (expected to equal the aggregate original purchase price of the
outstanding Preferred Shares plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon, whether or not earned
or declared on a cumulative basis). In addition to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Acquiring
Fund may be required to comply with other asset coverage requirements as a condition of the
Acquiring Fund obtaining a rating of its Preferred Shares from an NRSRO. These requirements may
include an asset coverage test more stringent than that under the 1940 Act. This limitation on the
Acquiring Funds ability to make distributions on its Common Shares could in certain circumstances
impair the ability of the Acquiring Fund to maintain its qualification for taxation as a regulated
investment company under the Code. The Acquiring Fund intends, however, to the extent possible, to
purchase or redeem Preferred Shares from time to time to maintain compliance with such asset
coverage requirements and may pay special dividends to the holders of the Preferred Shares in
certain circumstances in connection with any such impairment of the Acquiring Funds status as a
regulated investment company under the Code.
The tax treatment and characterization of the Acquiring Funds distributions may vary
significantly from time to time because of the varied nature of its investments. The Acquiring Fund
will indicate the proportion of its capital gains distributions that constitute long-term and
short-term gains annually. The ultimate tax characterization of the Acquiring Funds distributions
made in a calendar or fiscal year cannot finally be determined until after the end of that fiscal
year. As a result, there is a possibility that the Acquiring Fund may make total distributions
during a calendar or fiscal year in an amount that exceeds the Acquiring Funds net investment
income and net capital gains for the relevant fiscal year and its previously undistributed earnings
and profits from prior years. In such situations, the amount by which the Acquiring Funds total
distributions exceed its net investment income and net capital gains generally will be treated as a
tax-free return of capital reducing the amount of a shareholders tax basis in such shareholders
shares, with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as gain from the sale of shares.
Various factors will affect the level of the Acquiring Funds net investment income, such as
the rate at which dividends are payable on outstanding Preferred Shares, the Acquiring Funds asset
mix, its level of retained earnings, the amount of leverage utilized by it and the effects thereof
and the movement of interest rates for municipal bonds. These factors, among others, may result in
the Acquiring Funds level of net investment income being different from the level of net
investment income for a Target Fund if the Mergers were not completed. To permit the Acquiring Fund
to maintain more stable monthly distributions, it may from time to time distribute less than the
entire amount earned in a particular period. The income would be available to supplement future
distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Acquiring Fund for any particular month
may be more or less than the amount actually earned by the Fund during that month. Undistributed
earnings will add to the Acquiring Funds net asset value and, correspondingly, distributions from
undistributed earnings and from capital, if any, will deduct from the Funds net asset value.
Although it does not now intend to do so, the Board may change the Acquiring Funds dividend policy
and the amount or timing of the distributions based on a number of factors, including the amount of
the Funds undistributed net investment income and historical and projected investment income and
the amount of the expenses and dividend rates on the outstanding Preferred Shares.
Holders of the Acquiring Funds Common Shares will automatically have all dividends and
distributions reinvested in Common Shares issued by the Fund or Common Shares of the Fund purchased
in the open market in accordance with the Funds Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan, unless an
election is made to receive cash. For information concerning the manner in which dividends and
distributions to holders of a Funds common shares may be reinvested automatically in such Funds
Common Shares, see Dividend Reinvestment Plan below.
Target Fund Common Shareholders who own certificated shares will not receive their Acquiring
Fund Common Shares or any dividend payments from the Acquiring Fund until their certificates are
tendered. Target Fund Common Shareholders will, shortly after the closing of their Funds Merger,
receive instructions on how to tender any outstanding share certificates.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Each Fund offers a substantially identical dividend reinvestment
plan for Common Shareholders. Each Funds dividend reinvestment plan is fully described in the
Funds shareholder reports. Any final distribution preceding a Merger made by a Target Fund or the
Acquiring Fund will be made in cash, notwithstanding any shareholders enrollment in the Funds
dividend reinvestment plan. Each Fund expects to
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amend its dividend reinvestment plan to provide for distributions to be made in cash in the event
of transactions such as a Merger.
Provisions for Delaying or Preventing Changes in Control. Each Funds governing documents
contain provisions designed to prevent or delay changes in control of that Fund. Each Funds Board
of Trustees may cause the Fund to merge or consolidate with or into other entities; cause the Fund
to sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund; cause the Fund to
convert to a different type of entity; or cause the Fund convert from a closed-end fund to an
open-end fund, each only so long as such action has previously received the approval of either (i)
the Board, followed by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 75% of the outstanding
shares entitled to vote; or (ii) the affirmative vote of at least two thirds (66 2/3%) of the Board
and an affirmative Majority Shareholder Vote (which generally means the vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities as defined in the 1940 Act of the Fund, with each class and series
of shares voting together as a single class, except to the extent otherwise required by the 1940
Act). Under each Funds governing documents that will be applicable as of the time of the Merger,
shareholders will have no right to call special meetings of shareholders or to remove Trustees. In
addition, each Funds Board is divided into three classes, each of which stands for election only
once in three years. As a result of this system, only those Trustees in any one class may be
changed in any one year, and it would require two years or more to change a majority of the
Trustees.
Pending Litigation
IQT received a shareholder demand letter dated September 1, 2010, from one of IQTs
shareholders alleging that the former board and the officers of IQT breached their fiduciary duty
and duty of loyalty and wasted IQT assets by causing IQT to redeem Auction Rate Preferred
Securities (ARPS) at their liquidation value. Specifically, the shareholders claim that IQTs Board
and officers had no obligation to provide liquidity to the ARPS shareholders, the redemptions were
improperly motivated to benefit the prior adviser by preserving business relationships with the
ARPS holders, i.e., institutional investors, and the market value and fair value of the ARPS were
less than par at the time they were redeemed. The letter alleges that the redemption of the ARPS
occurred at the expense of IQT and its Common Shareholders. The letter demands that: 1) the Board
take action against the prior adviser and trustees/officers to recover damages; 2) the Board
refrain from authorizing further redemptions or repurchases of ARPS by IQT at prices in excess of
fair value or market value at the time of the transaction; and 3) if IQT does not commence
appropriate action, the shareholder will commence a shareholder derivative action on behalf of IQT.
The Board formed a Special Litigation Committee (SLC) to investigate these claims and to make a
recommendation to the Board regarding whether pursuit of these claims is in the best interests of
IQT. Upon completion of its evaluation, the SLC recommended that the Board reject the demands
specified in the shareholder demand letter, after which the Board announced on July 12, 2011, that
it had adopted the SLCs recommendation and voted to reject the demands.
The Acquiring Fund received a shareholder demand letter dated July 16, 2010, from one of the
Acquiring Funds shareholders, alleging that the former board and the officers of the Acquiring
Fund breached their fiduciary duty and duty of loyalty and wasted Acquiring Fund assets by causing
the Acquiring Fund to redeem Auction Rate Preferred Securities (ARPS) at their liquidation value.
The Acquiring Fund also received a shareholder demand letter dated March 25, 2011 alleging that the
current board and officers of the Acquiring Fund breached their fiduciary duty and duty of loyalty
and wasted Acquiring Fund assets by causing the Acquiring Fund to redeem ARPS at their liquidation
value, although the actions complained of occurred prior to the election of the current Board and
appointment of current officers and prior to the tenure of the Adviser. The shareholders in both
letters claim that the board and officers had no obligation to provide liquidity to the ARPS
shareholders, the redemptions were improperly motivated to benefit the adviser by preserving
business relationships with the ARPS holders, i.e., institutional investors, and the market value
and fair value of the ARPS were less than par at the time they were redeemed. The letter alleges
that the redemption of the ARPS occurred at the expense of the Acquiring Fund and its common
shareholders. The letter demands that: 1) the Board take action against the adviser and
trustees/officers to recover damages; 2) the Board refrain from authorizing further redemptions or
repurchases of ARPS by the Acquiring Fund at prices in excess of fair value or market value at the
time of the transaction; and 3) if the Acquiring Fund does not commence appropriate action, the
shareholder will commence a shareholder derivative action on behalf of the Acquiring Fund. The
Board formed a Special Litigation Committee to investigate these claims and make a recommendation
to the Board regarding whether pursuit of these claims is in the best interests of the Acquiring
Fund. Upon completion of its evaluation, the SLC recommended that the Board reject the demands
23
specified in the shareholder demand letters, after which the Board announced on July 12, 2011, that
it had adopted the SLCs recommendation and voted to reject the demands.
Management of the Adviser and each of the Funds believe that the outcome of the proceedings
described above will have no material adverse effect on the Funds or on the ability of the Adviser
to provide ongoing services to the Funds.
Share Price Data
The New York Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for each Funds Common Shares.
The following tables set forth the high and low sales prices and maximum premium/discount for each
Funds Common Shares for the periods indicated. [Common Shares of each Fund have historically
traded at both a premium and discount to net asset value.]
Acquiring Fund (IQI)
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Price |
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Net Asset Value |
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Premium/Discount |
Quarterly Period Ending |
|
High |
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Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
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|
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% |
|
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|
% |
|
IQT
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Price |
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Net Asset Value |
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Premium/Discount |
Quarterly Period Ending |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
|
% |
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|
|
% |
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24
IQM
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Price |
|
Net Asset Value |
|
Premium/Discount |
Quarterly Period Ending |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
The following table shows, as of [recent date], the NAV, market price, and premium or
discount for Common Shares of each Fund.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAV |
|
Market Price |
|
Premium (Discount) |
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
% |
IQT |
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
% |
IQM |
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
% |
Common Shares of each Fund trade at a market price that is determined by current supply
and demand conditions. The market price of a Funds Common Shares may or may not be the same as
the Funds NAV that is, the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund less its
liabilities. When the market price of a Funds Common Shares exceeds its NAV, such shares are said
to be trading at a premium. When the market price of a Funds Common Shares is lower than its
NAV, they are said to be trading at a discount. It is very difficult to identify all of the
factors that may cause a closed-end funds common shares to trade at a discount. It is often
difficult to reduce or eliminate a closed-end funds discount over the long term. Some short-term
measures, such as share repurchases and tender offers, tend to reduce a closed-end funds assets
(and thereby potentially increase expense ratios), but do not typically have a long-term effect on
the discount. Other measures, such as managed dividend programs, may not have a consistent
long-term effect on discounts.
While the Board of each Fund has determined that the Merger is in the best interests of each
Fund, there is no guarantee that the Mergers will have any long-term effect or influence on whether
the Acquiring Fund Common Shares trade at a discount or a premium after the Mergers. Whether
Common Shares had been trading at a premium or discount was not a significant factor in each
Boards approval of the Merger Agreement and recommendation for approval to Fund shareholders. The
Acquiring Funds Board will continue to monitor any discount or premium at which the Acquiring Fund
Common Shares trade after the Mergers and will evaluate what (if any) further action is appropriate
at that time to address any discount or premium.
Portfolio Turnover
The Funds historical portfolio turnover rates are similar. Because the Funds have similar
investment policies, management does not expect to dispose of a material amount of portfolio
securities of any Fund in connection with the Mergers. No securities of the Target Funds need be
sold in order for the Acquiring Fund to comply with its investment restrictions or policies. The
Funds will continue to buy and sell securities in the normal course of their operations.
25
Portfolio Guidelines of Rating Agencies for Preferred Shares
Each Fund has issued and outstanding Preferred Shares that are rated by one or more rating
agencies. In order to maintain attractive credit quality ratings for Preferred Shares, a Fund must
meet certain investment quality, diversification, asset coverage, liquidity, and other criteria
established by such ratings agencies. These guidelines, which may vary between rating agencies and
may be modified by a rating agency, could affect portfolio decisions and may be more stringent than
those imposed by the 1940 Act or otherwise by a Funds investment policies. A rating agency may
change or withdraw its rating at any time.
Terms and Conditions of the Mergers
The terms and conditions under which a Merger may be consummated are set forth in the Merger
Agreement. Significant provisions of the Merger Agreement are summarized below; however, this
summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, a form of which is
attached as Exhibit F.
In each Merger, a Target Fund will merge with and into the Acquiring Fund pursuant to the
Merger Agreement and in accordance with the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. As a result of each
Merger, all of the assets and liabilities of the merging Target Fund will become assets and
liabilities of the Acquiring Fund, and the Target Funds shareholders will become shareholders of
the Acquiring Fund.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Acquiring Fund will issue new Acquiring Fund
Common Shares to be distributed to the holders of Target Fund Common Shares. The number of
Acquiring Fund Common Shares issued will be based on the relative NAVs and shares outstanding of
the Acquiring Fund and the applicable Target Fund as of the business day immediately preceding the
Mergers closing date. All Acquiring Fund Common Shares issued pursuant to the Agreement will be
fully paid and non-assessable, and will be listed for trading on the Exchange. The terms of the
Acquiring Fund Common Shares to be issued in each Merger will be identical to the terms of the
Acquiring Fund Common Shares already outstanding.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Acquiring Fund will also issue new Acquiring Fund
Preferred Shares to be distributed to the Target Fund Preferred Shareholders. The number of
additional Acquiring Fund Preferred Shares issued for each Merger will equal the number of
outstanding Target Fund Preferred Shares, and such Acquiring Fund Preferred Shares will have
liquidation preferences, rights, and privileges substantially identical to those of the then
outstanding Preferred Shares for the merging Target Fund.
Prior to the closing of each Merger, each Target Fund will declare one or more dividends, and
the Acquiring Fund may, but is not required to, declare a dividend, payable at or near the time of
closing to their respective shareholders to the extent necessary to avoid entity level tax or as
otherwise deemed desirable. Such distributions, if made, are anticipated to be made in the 2012
calendar year and, to the extent a distribution is not an exempt-interest dividend (as defined in
the Code), the distribution may be taxable to shareholders in such year for federal income tax
purposes. It is anticipated that Fund distributions will be primarily dividends that are exempt
from regular federal income tax, although a portion of such dividends may be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Any such final distribution paid to Common
Shareholders by a Target Fund will be made in cash and not reinvested in additional Common Shares
of the Target Fund. See the discussion under Description of Securities to be Issued Dividend
Reinvestment Plan for further information.
If shareholders approve the Mergers and if all of the closing conditions set forth in the
Merger Agreement are satisfied or waived, including the condition that each Fund complete its
Redomestication (Proposal 1), consummation of the Mergers (the Closing) is expected to occur in
the third quarter of 2012 on a date mutually agreed upon by the Funds (the Closing Date). The
passage of Proposal 3 is not a condition to the Mergers.
At the Closing, Acquiring Fund Common Shares will be credited to Target Fund Common
Shareholders on a book-entry basis only. The Acquiring Fund will not issue certificates
representing Common Shares in connection with the Mergers, irrespective of whether Target Fund
shareholders currently hold such shares in certificated form. At the Closing, all outstanding
certificates representing Common Shares of the merging Target Fund will be cancelled. Target Fund
shareholders who own certificated Common Shares will not receive their Acquiring Fund Common Shares
or dividend payments from the Acquiring Fund until their certificates are tendered to the Acquiring
26
Fund. Target Fund Common Shareholders will, shortly after the closing of their Funds Merger,
receive instructions on how to tender any outstanding share certificates.
Each Fund will be required to make representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement that
are customary in matters such as the Mergers.
If shareholders of a Fund do not approve a Merger or if a Merger does not otherwise close, the
Board will consider what additional action to take, including allowing the Fund to continue
operating as it currently does. The Merger Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be
abandoned at any time by mutual agreement of the parties. The Merger Agreement may be amended or
modified in a writing signed by the parties.
Additional Information About the Funds
As of the time of the Mergers, each Fund will be a newly organized Delaware statutory trust,
as discussed in Proposal 1. Each Fund is registered under the 1940 Act, as a diversified,
closed-end management investment company. Diversified means that the Fund is limited in the
amount it can invest in a single issuer. A closed-end fund (unlike an open-end or mutual fund)
does not continuously sell and redeem its shares; in the case of the Funds, Common Shares are
bought and sold on the Exchange. A management investment company is managed by an investment
adviser the Adviser in the case of the Funds that buys and sells portfolio securities on
behalf of the investment company.
Federal Income Tax Matters Associated with Investment in the Funds
The following information is meant as a general summary of certain federal income tax matters
for U.S. shareholders. Please see the SAI for additional information. Investors should rely on
their own tax advisor for advice about the particular federal, state and local tax consequences to
them of investing in the Funds (for purposes of this section, the Fund).
The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year (including the taxable
year in which the Merger occurs) as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of
the Code. In order to qualify as a RIC, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements regarding the
sources of its income, the diversification of its assets and the distribution of its income. As a
RIC, the Fund is not expected to be subject to federal income tax on the income and gains it
distributes to its shareholders. If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify for taxation
as a RIC, it will be treated as a U.S. corporation subject to U.S. federal income tax, thereby
subjecting any income earned by the Fund to tax at the corporate level and to a further tax at the
shareholder level when such income is distributed. In lieu of losing its status as a RIC, the Fund
is permitted to pay a tax for certain failures to satisfy the asset diversification test or income
requirement, which, in general, are limited to those due to reasonable cause and not willful
neglect, for taxable years of the Fund with respect to which the extended due date of the return is
after December 22, 2010.
The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to the extent it does not
distribute by the end of any calendar year at least the sum of (i) 98% of its taxable ordinary
income for that year, and (ii) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term)
for the one-year period ending, as a general rule, on October 31 of that year. For this purpose,
however, any ordinary income or capital gain net income retained by the Fund that is subject to
corporate income tax will be considered to have been distributed by year-end. In addition, the
minimum amounts that must be distributed in any year to avoid the excise tax will be increased or
decreased to reflect any underdistribution or overdistribution, as the case may be, from the
previous year. The Fund anticipates that it will pay such dividends and will make such
distributions as are necessary in order to avoid or minimize the application of this excise tax.
The Fund primarily invests in municipal securities. Thus, substantially all of the Funds
dividends paid to you from net investment income should qualify as exempt-interest dividends. A
shareholder treats an exempt-interest dividend as interest on state and local bonds exempt from
regular federal income tax. Exempt-interest dividends from interest earned on municipal securities
of a state, or its political subdivisions, generally are exempt from that states personal income
tax. Most states, however, do not grant tax-free treatment to interest from municipal securities
of other states.
27
Federal income tax law imposes an alternative minimum tax with respect to corporations,
individuals, trusts and estates. Interest on certain municipal obligations, such as certain private
activity bonds, is included as an item of tax preference in determining the amount of a taxpayers
alternative minimum taxable income. To the extent that the Fund receives income from such municipal
obligations, a portion of the dividends paid by the Fund, although exempt from regular federal
income tax, will be taxable to shareholders to the extent that their tax liability is determined
under the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund will annually provide a report indicating the
percentage of the Funds income attributable to municipal obligations subject to the federal
alternative minimum tax. Corporations are subject to special rules in calculating their federal
alternative minimum taxable income with respect to interest from such municipal obligations.
In addition to exempt-interest dividends, the Fund may also distribute to its shareholders
amounts that are treated as long-term capital gain or ordinary income (which may include short-term
capital gains). These distributions may be subject to federal, state and local taxation, depending
on a shareholders situation. If so, they are taxable whether or not such distributions are
reinvested. Net capital gain distributions (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net
short-term capital loss) are generally taxable at rates applicable to long-term capital gains
regardless of how long a shareholder has held its shares. Long-term capital gains are currently
taxable to noncorporate shareholders at a maximum federal income tax rate of 15%. Absent further
legislation, the maximum 15% rate on long-term capital gains will cease to apply to taxable years
beginning after December 31, 2012. The Fund does not expect that any part of its distributions to
shareholders from its investments will qualify for the dividends-received deduction available to
corporate shareholders or as qualified dividend income available to noncorporate shareholders.
Distributions by the Fund in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits
will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholders tax basis in its shares
and will reduce such basis. Any such amount in excess of that basis will be treated as gain from
the sale of shares, as discussed below.
As a RIC, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax in any taxable year on the income
and gains it distributes to shareholders provided that it meets certain distribution requirements.
The Fund may retain for investment some (or all) of its net capital gain. If the Fund retains any
net capital gain or investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular
corporate rates on the amount retained. If the Fund retains any net capital gain, it may designate
the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who, if subject
to federal income tax on long-term capital gains, (i) will be required to include in income for
federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their share of such undistributed amount;
(ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the federal income tax paid by the
Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any; and (iii)
may claim refunds to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax
purposes, the basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount
equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the
shareholders gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the
preceding sentence.
The IRS currently requires that a RIC that has two or more classes of stock allocate to each
such class proportionate amounts of each type of its income (such as exempt interest, ordinary
income and capital gains). Accordingly, the Fund designates dividends made with respect to the
Common Shares and the Preferred Shares as consisting of particular types of income (e.g., exempt
interest, net capital gain and ordinary income) in accordance with each class proportionate share
of the total dividends paid by the Fund during the year. A classs proportionate share of a
particular type of income is determined according to the percentage of total dividends paid by the
regulated investment company to such class.
Dividends declared by the Fund to shareholders of record in October, November or December and
paid during the following January may be treated as having been received by shareholders in the
year the distributions were declared.
At the time of an investors purchase of Fund shares, a portion of the purchase price may be
attributable to realized or unrealized appreciation in the Funds portfolio or to undistributed
ordinary income or capital gains of the Fund. Consequently, subsequent distributions by the Fund
with respect to these shares from such appreciation, income or gains may be taxable to such
investor even if the net asset value of the investors shares is, as a result of
28
the distributions, reduced below the investors cost for such shares and the distributions
economically represent a return of a portion of the investment.
Each shareholder will receive an annual statement summarizing the shareholders dividend and
capital gains distributions.
The redemption, sale or exchange of shares normally will result in capital gain or loss to
shareholders who hold their shares as capital assets. Generally, a shareholders gain or loss will
be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. The gain or
loss on shares held for one year or less will generally be treated as short-term capital gain or
loss. Present law taxes both long-term and short-term capital gains of corporations at the same
rates applicable to ordinary income. Long-term capital gains are currently taxable to noncorporate
shareholders at a maximum federal income tax rate of 15%. As noted above, absent further
legislation, the maximum 15% rate on long-term capital gains will cease to apply to taxable years
beginning after December 31, 2012. Any loss on the sale of shares that have been held for six
months or less will be disallowed to the extent of any distribution of exempt-interest dividends
received with respect to such shares and any remaining loss will be treated as a long-term capital
loss to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributed to you by the Fund on those shares.
Any loss realized on a sale or exchange of shares of a Fund will be disallowed to the extent those
shares of the Fund are replaced by other substantially identical shares of the Fund or other
substantially identical stock or securities (including through reinvestment of dividends) within a
period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date of disposition of the
original shares. In that event, the basis of the replacement shares of the Fund will be adjusted to
reflect the disallowed loss.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Fund shares of
$2 million or more for an individual shareholder, or $10 million or more for a corporate
shareholder, in any single taxable year (or of certain greater amounts over a combination of
years), generally the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886.
Shareholders that are exempt from U.S. federal income tax, such as retirement plans that are
qualified under Section 401 of the Code, generally are not subject to U.S. federal income tax on
otherwise-taxable Fund dividends or distributions, or on sales or exchanges of Fund shares unless
the Fund shares are debt-financed property within the meaning of the Code.
Any interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry the Funds shares to
which exempt-interest dividends are allocated is not deductible. Under certain applicable rules,
the purchase or ownership of shares may be considered to have been made with borrowed funds even
though such funds are not directly used for the purchase or ownership of the shares. In addition,
if you receive Social Security or certain railroad retirement benefits, you may be subject to U.S.
federal income tax on a portion of such benefits as a result of receiving investment income,
including exempt-interest dividends and other distributions paid by the Fund.
Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues
for the Fund. Federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund
may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities, how payments received on obligations
in default should be allocated between principal and interest and whether certain exchanges of debt
obligations in a workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund,
in the event it invests in or holds such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes
sufficient income to preserve its status as a RIC.
If the Fund invests in certain pay-in-kind securities, zero coupon securities, deferred
interest securities or, in general, any other securities with original issue discount (or with
market discount if the Fund elects to include market discount in income currently), the Fund must
accrue income on such investments for each taxable year, which generally will be prior to the
receipt of the corresponding cash payments. However, the Fund must distribute to shareholders, at
least annually, all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (determined
without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), including such accrued income, to qualify as a
RIC and to avoid federal income and excise taxes. Therefore, the Fund may have to dispose of its
portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to generate cash, or may have to leverage
itself by borrowing the cash, to satisfy these distribution requirements.
29
The Fund may hold or acquire municipal obligations that are market discount bonds. A market
discount bond is a security acquired in the secondary market at a price below its redemption value
(or its adjusted issue price if it is also an original issue discount bond). If the Fund invests in
a market discount bond, it will be required to treat any gain recognized on the disposition of such
market discount bond as ordinary taxable income to the extent of the accrued market discount.
By law, if you do not provide the Fund with your proper taxpayer identification number and
certain required certifications, you may be subject to backup withholding on any distributions of
income, capital gains, or proceeds from the sale of your shares. The Fund also must withhold if the
IRS instructs it to do so. When withholding is required, the amount will be 28% of any
distributions or proceeds paid, including exempt interest dividends (for distributions and proceeds
paid after December 31, 2012, the rate is scheduled to rise to 31% unless the 28% rate is extended
or made permanent).
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax will be
imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain
distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions
of Fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such persons modified
adjusted gross income (in the case of an individual) or adjusted gross income (in the case of an
estate or trust) exceeds a threshold amount.
The description of certain federal tax provisions above relates only to U.S. federal income
tax consequences for shareholders who are U.S. persons, i.e., generally, U.S. citizens or residents
or U.S. corporations, partnerships, trusts or estates, and who are subject to U.S. federal income
tax and hold their shares as capital assets. Except as otherwise provided, this description does
not address the special tax rules that may be applicable to particular types of investors, such as
financial institutions, insurance companies, securities dealers, other regulated investment
companies, or tax-exempt or tax-deferred plans, accounts or entities. Investors other than U.S.
persons may be subject to different U.S. federal income tax treatment, including a non-resident
alien U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% or any lower applicable treaty rate on amounts
treated as ordinary dividends from the Fund, special certification requirements to avoid U.S.
backup withholding and claim any treaty benefits and U.S. estate tax. Shareholders should consult
their own tax advisors on these matters and on state, local, foreign and other applicable tax laws.
Under recently enacted legislation and administrative guidance, the relevant withholding agent
may be required to withhold 30% of any (a) income dividends paid after December 31, 2013 and (b)
certain capital gains distributions and the proceeds of a sale of shares paid after December 31,
2014 to (i) a foreign financial institution unless such foreign financial institution agrees to
verify, report and disclose certain of its U.S. accountholders and meets certain other specified
requirements or (ii) a non-financial foreign entity that is the beneficial owner of the payment
unless such entity certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or provides the
name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner and such entity
meets certain other specified requirements.
Board Considerations in Approving the Mergers
On June 1, 2010, Invesco acquired the retail fund management business of Morgan Stanley, which
included 32 Morgan Stanley and Van Kampen branded closed-end funds. This transaction filled gaps
in Invescos product line and has enabled Invesco to expand its investment offerings to retail
customers. The transaction also resulted in product overlap. The Mergers proposed in this Proxy
Statement are part of a larger group of mergers across Invescos fund platform that began in early
2011. The larger group of mergers is designed to put forth Invescos most compelling investment
processes and strategies, reduce product overlap and create scale in the resulting funds.
Considerations of the Board of each of the Target Funds
Each Target Funds Board created an ad hoc committee (the Ad Hoc Merger Committee) to
consider each Merger and to assist the Board in its consideration of such Merger. The Ad Hoc
Merger Committee met separately two times, on October 17, 2011 and November 18, 2011 to discuss
each proposed Merger. Two separate meetings of each Target Funds Board were also held to review
and consider each Merger, including presentations by the Ad Hoc Merger Committee on its
deliberations and, ultimately, recommendations. The trustees who are not interested persons, as
that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Funds (the Independent Trustees) held a
30
separate meeting in conjunction with the November 29-30, 2011 meeting of the full Boards to
consider these matters. The Independent Trustees have been advised on this matter by independent
legal counsel to the Independent Trustees. The Target Fund Boards requested and received from the
Adviser written materials containing relevant information about the Funds and the proposed Mergers,
including fee and expense information on an actual and pro forma estimated basis, and comparative
portfolio composition and performance data.
The Target Fund Boards reviewed, among other information they deemed relevant, information
comparing the following for each Fund: (1) investment objectives, policies and restrictions; (2)
portfolio management; (3) portfolio composition; (4) comparative short-term and long-term
investment performance and distribution yields; (5) current expense ratios and expense structures,
including contractual investment advisory fees on a net asset basis and on a managed assets basis;
(6) expected federal income tax consequences to the Funds, including any impact on capital loss
carry forwards; (7) relative asset size; and (8) trading information such as trading
premiums/discounts and bid/ask spreads. The Target Fund Boards considered the benefits to each
Fund of (i) combining with a similar fund to create a larger fund, [(ii) the Advisers paying [some
of] the Merger costs], and (iii) the expected tax free nature of the Merger for each Fund and its
shareholders for federal income tax purposes. In addition, each Target Funds Board considered the
Acquiring Funds contractual advisory fee rate in light of the benefits of retaining the Adviser as
the Acquiring Funds investment adviser, the services provided, and those expected to be provided,
to the Acquiring Fund by the Adviser, and the terms and conditions of the Acquiring Funds advisory
agreement.
The Target Fund Boards also considered the Mergers in the context of the larger group of
mergers, which were designed to rationalize the Invesco funds in a way that can enhance visibility
in the market place. The Target Fund Boards also considered the possible benefits that might
accrue to a single, larger closed-end fund, including increased market liquidity and increased
analyst coverage. The Target Fund Boards discussed with the Adviser the possible alternatives to
the Mergers, including liquidation and maintaining the status quo, among other alternatives.
The Target Fund Boards further considered that (i) the investment objective, strategies and
related risks of each Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund are substantially the same; (ii) the Funds
have the same portfolio management team; (iii) shareholders would become shareholders of a single
larger Fund; (iv) the Advisers agreement to limit the Acquiring Funds total expenses if a Merger
is completed, as disclosed above on a pro forma basis, through June 30, 2014; and (v) the Advisers
representation that, because of the similarity between the Funds investment objectives and
strategies, the costs associated with repositioning each Funds investment portfolio in connection
with a Merger would be minimal.
Based upon the information and considerations described above, the Target Fund Boards
concluded that the Mergers are in the best interests of the Funds and that no dilution of net asset
value would result to the shareholders of the Funds from the Mergers. Consequently, the Target
Fund Boards unanimously approved the Merger Agreement and each Merger on November 29, 2011.
Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Mergers
The following is a general summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations of
the Mergers and is based upon the current provisions of the Code, the existing U.S. Treasury
Regulations thereunder, current administrative rulings of the IRS and published judicial decisions,
all of which are subject to change. These considerations are general in nature and individual
shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to the federal, state, local, and foreign tax
considerations applicable to them and their individual circumstances. These same considerations
generally do not apply to shareholders who hold their shares in a tax-deferred account.
Each Merger is intended to be a tax-free reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a) of the
Code. As described above, the Mergers will occur following the Redomestication of each Target Fund
and the Acquiring Fund. The principal federal income tax considerations that are expected to
result from the Merger of each Target Fund into the Acquiring Fund are as follows:
|
|
|
no gain or loss will be recognized by the Target Fund or the shareholders of the
Target Fund as a result of the Merger; |
|
|
|
|
no gain or loss will be recognized by the Acquiring Fund as a result of the
Merger; |
31
|
|
|
the aggregate tax basis of the shares of the Acquiring Fund to be received by a
shareholder of the Target Fund will be the same as the shareholders aggregate tax
basis of the shares of the Target Fund; and |
|
|
|
|
the holding period of the shares of the Acquiring Fund received by a
shareholder of the Target Fund will include the period that a shareholder held the shares of the Target Fund (provided that such shares of the Target Fund are
capital assets in the hands of such shareholder as of the Closing). |
Neither the Target Funds nor the Acquiring Fund have requested or will request an advance
ruling from the IRS as to the federal tax consequences of the Mergers. As a condition to Closing,
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP will render a favorable opinion to each Target Fund and the
Acquiring Fund as to the foregoing federal income tax consequences of each Merger, which opinion
will be conditioned upon, among other things, the accuracy, as of the Closing Date, of certain
representations of each Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund upon which Stradley Ronon Stevens &
Young, LLP will rely in rendering its opinion. Such opinion of counsel may state that no opinion
is expressed as to the effect of the Mergers on the Target Funds, Acquiring Fund or any Target Fund
shareholder with respect to any transferred asset as to which any unrealized gain or loss is
required to be recognized for federal income tax purposes at the end of a taxable year (or on the
termination or transfer thereof) under a mark-to-market system of accounting. A copy of the
opinion will be filed with the SEC and will be available for public inspection. See Where to Find
Additional Information.
Opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or the courts. If a Merger is consummated
but the IRS or the courts determine that the Merger does not qualify as a tax-free reorganization
under the Code, and thus is taxable, the Target Fund would recognize gain or loss on the transfer
of its assets to the Acquiring Fund and each shareholder of the Target Fund would recognize a
taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between its tax basis in its Target Fund shares and
the fair market value of the shares of the Acquiring Fund it receives. The failure of one Merger to
qualify as a tax-free reorganization would not adversely affect any other Merger.
Prior to the closing of each Merger, each Target Fund will declare one or more dividends, and
the Acquiring Fund may, but is not required to, declare a dividend, payable at or near the time of
closing to their respective shareholders to the extent necessary to avoid entity level tax or as
otherwise deemed desirable. Such distributions, if made, are anticipated to be made in the 2012
calendar year and, to the extent a distribution is not an exempt-interest dividend (as defined in
the Code), the distribution may be taxable to shareholders in such year for federal income tax
purposes. It is anticipated that Fund distributions will be primarily dividends that are exempt
from regular federal income tax, although a portion of such dividends may be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Any such final distribution paid to Common
Shareholders by a Target Fund will be made in cash and not reinvested in additional Common Shares
of the Target Fund. See the discussion under Description of Securities to be Issued Dividend
Reinvestment Plan for further information.
The tax attributes, including capital loss carryovers, of the Target Funds move to the
Acquiring Fund in the Mergers. The capital loss carryovers of the Target Funds and the Acquiring
Fund are available to offset future gains recognized by the combined Fund, subject to limitations
under the Code. Where these limitations apply, all or a portion of a Funds capital loss
carryovers may become unavailable the effect of which may be to accelerate the recognition of
taxable gain to the combined Fund and its shareholders post-Closing. First, the capital loss
carryovers of each Fund that experiences a more than 50% ownership change in a Merger (e.g., in a
reorganization of two Funds, the smaller Fund), increased by any current year loss or decreased by
any current year gain, together with any net unrealized depreciation in the value of its portfolio
investments (collectively, its aggregate capital loss carryovers), are expected to become subject
to an annual limitation. Losses in excess of that limitation may be carried forward to succeeding
tax years, subject, in the case of net capital losses that arise in taxable years beginning on or
before December 22, 2010 as discussed below, to an overall eight-year carryover period. The annual
limitation will generally equal the net asset value of a Fund on the Closing Date multiplied by the
long-term tax-exempt rate published by the IRS. In the case of a Fund with net unrealized
built-in gains at the time of Closing of a Merger (i.e., unrealized appreciation in value of the
Funds investments), the annual limitation for a taxable year will be increased by the amount of
such built-in gains that are recognized in the taxable year. Second, if a Fund has built-in gains
at the time of Closing that are realized by the combined Fund in the five-year period following a
Merger, such built-in gains, when realized, may not be offset by the losses (including any capital
loss carryovers and built in losses) of another Fund. Third, the capital losses of a Target Fund that may be used by
the Acquiring
32
Fund (including to offset any built-in gains of a Target Fund itself) for the first
taxable year ending after the Closing Date will be limited to an amount equal to the capital gain
net income of the Acquiring Fund for such taxable year (excluding capital loss carryovers) treated
as realized post-Closing based on the number of days remaining in such year. Fourth, a Merger may
result in an earlier expiration of a Funds capital loss carryovers because a Merger may cause a
Target Funds tax year to close early in the year of the Merger.
The Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010 eliminated the eight-year carryover
period for capital losses that arise in taxable years beginning after its enactment date (December
22, 2010) for regulated investment companies regardless of whether such regulated investment
company is a party to a reorganization. Consequently, these capital losses can be carried forward
indefinitely. However, capital losses incurred in pre-enactment taxable years may not be used to
offset capital gains until all net capital losses arising in post-enactment taxable years have been
utilized. As a result, some net capital loss carryovers incurred in pre-enactment taxable years
which otherwise would have been utilized under prior law may expire.
The aggregate capital loss carryovers of the Funds and the approximate annual limitation on
the use by the Acquiring Fund, post-Closing, of each Funds aggregate capital loss carryovers
following the Mergers are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IQT |
|
IQM |
|
IQI |
|
|
[Target Fund] |
|
[Target Fund] |
|
[Acquiring Fund] |
|
|
(000,000s) |
|
(000,000s) |
|
(000,000s) |
|
|
at 8/31/2011 |
|
at 8/31/2011 |
|
at 8/31/2011 |
Aggregate Capital Loss
Carryovers on a Tax
Basis (1) |
|
$ |
(19.1 |
) |
|
$ |
(17.9 |
) |
|
$ |
(43.0 |
) |
Unrealized Net
Appreciation
(Depreciation) in
Investments on a Tax
Basis |
|
$ |
9.4 |
|
|
$ |
9.9 |
|
|
$ |
14.0 |
|
Aggregate Net Asset Value |
|
$ |
188.1 |
|
|
$ |
194.7 |
|
|
$ |
304.7 |
|
Approximate Annual
Limitation (2)
|
|
$ |
6.7 |
|
|
$ |
6.9 |
|
|
$ |
10.8 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Based on capital loss carryovers at February 28, 2011; includes realized gain or loss
for the current fiscal year determined on the basis of generally accepted accounting principles. |
|
(2) |
|
Based on the long-term tax-exempt rate for ownership changes during December 2011 of 3.55%. |
Based upon each Funds capital loss position at February 28, 2011, the annual limitations
on the use of each Funds aggregate capital loss carryovers may not prevent the combined Fund from
utilizing such losses, albeit over a period of time. However, the effect of these annual
limitations may be to cause the combined Fund, post-Closing, to distribute more capital gains in a
taxable year than might otherwise have been the case if no such limitation had applied. The
ability of the Acquiring Fund to absorb its own aggregate capital loss carryovers and those of the
Target Funds post-Closing depends upon a variety of factors that cannot be known in advance. For
more information with respect to each Funds capital loss carryovers, please refer to the Funds
shareholder report.
Shareholders of a Target Fund will receive a proportionate share of any taxable income and
gains realized by the Acquiring Fund and not distributed to its shareholders prior to the Merger
when such income and gains are eventually distributed by the Acquiring Fund. As a result,
shareholders of a Target Fund may receive a greater amount of taxable distributions than they would
have had the Merger not occurred. In addition, if the Acquiring Fund following the Mergers has
proportionately greater unrealized appreciation in its portfolio investments as a percentage of its
net asset value than a Target Fund, shareholders of the Target Fund, post-Closing, may receive
greater amounts of taxable gain as such portfolio investments are sold than they otherwise might
have if the Mergers had not occurred. At August 31, 2011, the unrealized appreciation
(depreciation) in value of the portfolio investments of each Target Fund on a tax basis as a
percentage of its net asset value is 5% for IQT and 5% for IQM compared to that of the Acquiring
Fund of 5%, and 5% on a combined basis.
After the Mergers, shareholders will continue to be responsible for tracking the adjusted tax
basis and holding period of their shares for federal income tax purposes.
33
Costs of the Mergers
[The estimated total costs of the Merger for each Fund, as well as the estimated proxy
solicitation costs for each Target Fund (which are part of the total Merger costs), are set forth
in the table below.]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Portion of Total |
|
|
Estimated Proxy |
|
Estimated Total |
|
Merger Costs to be Paid by the |
|
|
Solicitation Costs |
|
Merger Costs |
|
Funds |
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
|
$[ ] |
|
IQT |
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
|
$[ ] |
|
IQM |
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
$ |
[ ] |
|
|
|
$[ ] |
|
[The Adviser will bear the Merger costs of ____ Fund.] The costs of the Merger include legal
counsel fees, independent accountant fees, expenses related to the printing and mailing of this
Proxy Statement, listing fees for additional shares on the Exchange, and fees associated with the
proxy solicitation.
Capitalization
The following table shows the number of shares of beneficial interest outstanding for each
class of securities of the Acquiring Fund as of February 29, 2012. As of the time of the Merger
(by which time each Fund will have been reorganized as a Delaware statutory trust, as discussed in
Proposal 1), each Fund will be authorized to issue an unlimited number of preferred shares of
beneficial interest and an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, and no Fund
will hold any of its shares for its own account.
|
|
|
|
|
Title of Class |
|
Amount Outstanding |
Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest |
|
|
[_____] |
|
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest |
|
|
[_____] |
|
The following table sets forth as of February 29, 2012 the total net assets, number of
shares outstanding and net asset value per share of each class of each Fund. This information is
generally referred to as the capitalization of a Fund. The term pro forma capitalization means
the expected capitalization of the Acquiring Fund after the Mergers. The table shows pro forma
capitalization giving effect to the proposed Merger with [target fund] and giving effect to both
Mergers. The capitalizations of each Target Fund, the Acquiring Fund and their classes are likely
to be different on the Closing Date as a result of daily market activity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquiring Fund |
|
Acquiring Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(assumes only |
|
pro forma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Merger with |
|
(assumes both |
|
|
Target Fund |
|
Target Fund |
|
Acquiring |
|
Pro Forma |
|
[Target Fund] is |
|
Mergers are |
|
|
(IQT) |
|
(IQM) |
|
Fund (IQI) |
|
Adjustments |
|
completed) |
|
completed) |
Net assets (all classes) |
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
1 |
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
Common Shares Outstanding |
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
Common Share NAV Per Share |
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[___] |
1 |
|
$ |
[____] |
|
|
$ |
[____] |
|
Preferred Shares Outstanding |
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
[___] |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
[Pro forma net assets have been adjusted for the allocated portion of the Funds
expenses to be incurred in connection with the Merger.] |
|
2 |
|
Pro forma shares outstanding have been adjusted for the accumulated change in the
number of shares of each Target Funds shareholder accounts based on the relative net asset
value per Common Share of each Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund. |
34
Where to Find More Information
The SAI contains further information on the Funds, including their investment policies,
strategies and risks. Additional information is available in each Funds shareholder reports.
THE BOARDS RECOMMEND THAT YOU VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF PROPOSAL 2.
PROPOSAL 3: APPROVAL OF AN AMENDMENT TO THE ADVISORY AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUIRING FUND
Background
Shareholders of the Acquiring Fund are being asked to approve an amendment (the Amendment)
to the Acquiring Funds investment advisory agreement (the Advisory Agreement) with the Adviser.
Under the Amendment, the investment advisory fee rate payable by the Acquiring Fund to the Adviser
would increase, as described further below. No other amendment is proposed to be made to the
Advisory Agreement. The Acquiring Funds operations and the manner in which the Adviser manages
the Acquiring Fund will not change as a result of the Amendment. The Board of the Acquiring Fund
has unanimously approved the Amendment. The SEC website at www.sec.gov contains the Acquiring
Funds filings with SEC, including the Advisory Agreement, which was included as an exhibit to the
Acquiring Funds Form N-SAR filed December 30, 2010.
Under the 1940 Act, shareholder approval is required before the Acquiring Fund can amend the
Advisory Agreement to increase advisory fees. If shareholders of the Acquiring Fund do not approve
the Amendment, the Acquiring Fund will continue operating pursuant to the Advisory Agreement as
currently in effect. If shareholders of the Acquiring Fund approve the Amendment and the Merger of
a Target Fund into the Acquiring Fund is completed, shareholders of the merged Target Fund will be
subject to the amended Advisory Agreement after the Merger. The Mergers are not contingent on
approval of this Proposal 3, and this Proposal 3 is not contingent on the approval of the Mergers.
The increase in fee rate reflects the increase in the nature and quality of services provided
to the Acquiring Fund following its migration from Morgan Stanley to the Invesco platform. During
the time that the Acquiring Fund was managed by Morgan Stanley, the Acquiring Fund was supported by
a small number of portfolio managers and trader/analysts, in contrast to the five lead portfolio
managers, 13 municipal bond portfolio managers, 13 municipal analysts, and three traders/assistants
that Invesco currently dedicates to support the Acquiring Fund and similarly managed funds within
the Invesco fund complex. In contrast, the Acquiring Funds prior investment adviser, which
launched the Acquiring Fund, dedicated portfolio managers were not necessarily provided to manage
the Acquiring Fund, and all trading and servicing was provided by a broker-dealer entity affiliated
with the Funds prior investment adviser. Through the Adviser, the Acquiring Fund has access to a
wider range of proprietary and external fee-based software and research services, which resources
provide support to the Acquiring Fund. The Acquiring Funds Board believes that the proposed
advisory fee is reflective of the additional services provided to the Acquiring Fund through the
Adviser, as compared to (i) funds managed by other investment managers, (ii) similar funds managed
by the Adviser, and (iii) the fee that the Adviser would propose for the Acquiring Fund if it were
to be launched today. The Amendment would also lead to greater consistency of fee structures
across the closed-end funds that are part of the Invesco fund complex and to resolve disparate
pricing between the legacy Morgan Stanley and Van Kampen closed-end funds and standard Invesco
pricing. As discussed further below, the Acquiring Funds Board has determined that the Acquiring
Funds fee under the Amendment would be reasonable relative to the level of services provided to
the Acquiring Fund.
Changes to Investment Advisory Fee Rate
The Amendment would increase the investment advisory fee rate payable by the Acquiring Fund to
the Adviser. The current investment advisory fee rate for the Acquiring Fund is 0.27% as a
percentage of average weekly net assets, and the proposed investment advisory fee rate is 0.55% as
a percentage of average weekly net assets. When calculating net assets for purposes of calculating
investment advisory fees, assets attributable to outstanding Preferred Shares issued by the
Acquiring Fund are not deducted and an amount up to the aggregate amount of any other borrowings
incurred for the purpose of leverage is included. This method of calculating the
Acquiring Funds assets, which will not be changed by the Amendment, is sometimes referred to
as managed assets.
35
The aggregate amounts actually paid by the Acquiring Fund to the Adviser under the Advisory
Agreement for the Acquiring Funds last fiscal year, the amounts that would have been paid if the
Amendment had been in effect, and the difference between the aggregate advisory fees paid and pro
forma advisory fees paid, are set forth below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Difference Between Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
Advisory Fees Paid and Pro |
Aggregate Advisory Fees Paid |
|
Pro Forma Advisory Fees Paid |
|
Forma Advisory Fees Paid |
[____] |
|
[____] |
|
[____] |
During its most recent fiscal year, the Acquiring Fund paid administrative fees in the amount
of [____] under its administration agreement with the Adviser. During its most recent fiscal year,
the Acquiring Fund paid [___] to the Adviser and its affiliated persons.
The table below provides a summary of the current expenses of the Acquiring Fund and also
shows estimated expenses on a pro forma basis giving effect to the Amendment. The pro forma
expense ratios show projected estimated expenses, but actual expenses could be greater or less than
those shown.
Expense Tables and Expense Examples for the Acquiring Funds Common Shares*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro Forma* |
|
|
Current* |
|
(assumes Amendment is approved) |
Shareholder Fees (Fees paid directly from your investment) |
|
|
|
|
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a
percentage of offering price) |
|
None (a) |
|
None (a) |
Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
|
None (b) |
|
None (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you
pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment) |
|
|
|
|
Management Fees |
|
[__]% |
|
[__]% |
[Interest and Related Expenses] (f) |
|
[__]% |
|
[__]% |
Other Expenses |
|
[__]% |
|
[__]% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses |
|
[__]% |
|
[__]% (e) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
|
[__]% (c) |
|
1.74% |
Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement |
|
[0.00]% |
|
[0.00]% (d) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses after Fee Waiver
and/or Expense Reimbursement |
|
[__]% |
|
[__]% |
|
|
|
* |
|
[Expense ratios reflect annual fund operating expenses for the most recent fiscal year of the
Acquiring Fund. Pro forma numbers are estimated as if the Amendment had been approved by
shareholders and effective as of March 1, 2011. |
|
(a) |
|
Shares of the Acquiring Fund purchased on the secondary market are not subject to sales
charges, but may be subject to brokerage commissions or other charges. |
|
(b) |
|
Each participant in the Acquiring Funds dividend reinvestment plan pays a proportionate
share of the brokerage commissions incurred with respect to open market purchases in
connection with such plan. For the Acquiring Funds last fiscal year, participants in the
plan incurred brokerage commissions representing $[0.03] per share. |
|
(c) |
|
Based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. |
|
(d) |
|
[Effective upon the closing of the Merger, the Adviser has contractually agreed, through at
least [June 30, 2014], to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse expenses of all shares to the
extent necessary to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense
Reimbursement (excluding certain items discussed below) to [__]% of average daily net assets.
In determining the Advisers obligation to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse expenses, the
following expenses are not taken into account, and could cause the Total Annual Fund Operating
Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement to exceed the limit reflected above:
(i) interest; (ii) taxes; (iii) dividend expense on short sales; (iv) extraordinary or
non-routine items, such as litigation, reorganizations and mergers; and (v) expenses that the
Fund has incurred but did not actually pay because of an expense offset arrangement. Unless
the Board and the Adviser mutually agree to amend or continue the fee waiver agreement, it
will terminate on [June 30, 2014].] |
36
|
|
|
(e) |
|
Unless otherwise indicated, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are less than 0.01%. |
|
(f) |
|
[Interest and Related Expenses arises because accounting rules require the Funds to treat
interest paid by trusts issuing certain inverse floating rate investments held by the Funds as
having been paid (indirectly) by the Funds. Because the Funds also recognize corresponding
amounts of interest income (also indirectly), each Funds Common Share net asset value, net
investment income and total return are not affected by this accounting treatment. The actual
Interest and Related Expenses incurred in the future may be higher or lower.] [Dividends
paid on each Funds currently outstanding Preferred Shares are recognized as interest expense
for financial reporting purposes.] |
Expense Example
This example shows the cost of investing in Acquiring Fund Common Shares. The example also
provides information on a pro forma basis giving effect to the Amendment. It assumes an investment
at NAV of $1,000 for the periods shown; a 5% investment return each year; the Funds operating
expenses remain the same each year; and that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at NAV.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year |
|
3 Years |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
Acquiring Fund (IQI) |
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
Pro Forma (Acquiring Fund,
assuming the Amendment is
approved) |
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
|
$ |
[__] |
|
The Example is not a representation of past or future expenses. The Funds actual expenses,
and an investors direct and indirect expenses, may be more or less than those shown. The table
and the assumption in the Example of a 5% annual return are required by regulations of the SEC
applicable to all registered funds. The 5% annual return is not a prediction of and does not
represent the Funds projected or actual performance.
Description of the Advisory Agreement
The Advisory Agreement is dated as of June 1, 2010 and was last approved by shareholders of
the Acquiring Fund at a joint special meeting of such shareholders that was held on April 16, 2010,
as adjourned, in connection with the acquisition of the retail fund business of Morgan Stanley,
which resulted in the termination of the Acquiring Funds prior investment advisory agreement with
the Acquiring Funds prior investment adviser. At a meeting held on June 15, 2011, the Board,
including a majority of the independent Trustees, reviewed and approved the continuation of the
Advisory Agreement. None of the provisions of the Advisory Agreement summarized below will be
affected by the Amendment. Additional information about the Adviser is provided in Proposal 2,
under [How do the management, investment adviser and other services providers of the Funds
compare?]
Duties and Obligations. The Advisory Agreement provides that, subject to the direction and
control of the Board, the Adviser shall (i) act as investment adviser for and supervise and manage
the investment and reinvestment of the Acquiring Funds assets, (ii) supervise the investment
program of the Acquiring Fund and the composition of its investment portfolio, and (iii) decide on
and arrange for the purchase and sale of securities and other assets held in the investment
portfolio of the Acquiring Fund. In addition, the Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser
shall take, on behalf of the Acquiring Fund, all actions that appear to the Adviser to be necessary
to carry into effect such purchase and sale programs and supervisory functions.
Delegation to Sub-Advisers. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser may
delegate any or all of its rights, duties or obligations under the Advisory Agreement to several
affiliated subadvisers, in accordance with Master Intergroup Sub-Advisory Contracts and applicable
law.
Term and Termination. Assuming approval by the Acquiring Funds Shareholders, the amended
Advisory Agreement shall continue in force and effect for an initial term of one year. The
Advisory Agreement shall continue from year to year only if approved annually (i) by the Board or
the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Acquiring Fund, and (ii) by a
majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of any party to the Advisory Agreement,
by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Advisory Agreement may be terminated (i) at any time by vote of the Board or by vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Acquiring Fund upon giving 60 days notice to
the Adviser (which notice may be waived by the Adviser), or (ii) by the Adviser on 60 days written
notice to the Acquiring Fund (which notice
37
may be waived by the Acquiring Fund). The Advisory Agreement also immediately terminates in
the event of its assignment, as defined in the 1940 Act.
Limitation of Liability. The Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will not be liable
for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Adviser or by the
Acquiring Fund in connection with the performance of the Advisory Agreement, except a loss
resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services
or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
obligations or duties under the Advisory Agreement on the part of the Adviser.
Additional Information about the Adviser
Principal Executive Officer and Board of Directors. Martin L. Flanagan serves as an advisor
to the board of directors of the Adviser. The current members of the board of directors of the
Adviser are:
|
|
|
Name |
|
Title |
Mark Armour
|
|
Co-Chairman, Co-President & Co-Chief Executive of Invesco Advisers |
Philip A. Taylor
|
|
Co-Chairman, Co-President & Co-Chief Executive of Invesco Advisers |
John M. Zerr
|
|
Senior Vice President, of Invesco Advisers |
Kevin M. Carome
|
|
Secretary of Invesco Advisers |
Karen Dunn Kelley
|
|
Senior Vice President of Invesco Advisers |
Lance A. Rejsek
|
|
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer of Invesco Advisers |
Todd L. Spillane
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer and Senior Vice President of Invesco Advisers |
David A. Hartley
|
|
Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer |
The address of each member of the board of directors of the Adviser is 1555 Peachtree Street,
N.E., Atlanta Georgia 30309.
Relationship with the Funds. Martin L. Flanagan, Chief Executive Officer of Invesco and an
advisor to the directors of the Adviser, and Philip A. Taylor, Director, Co-President & Co-Chief
Executive Officer of the Adviser, each serve as a Trustee of the Acquiring Fund. No other Trustee
of a Fund is an officer, employee, director, general partner or shareholder of Invesco Advisers or
has any material direct or indirect interest in Invesco Advisers or any other person controlling,
controlled by or under common control with Invesco Advisers. As a result of Mr. Flanagans and Mr.
Taylors position with the Adviser, Messrs. Flanagan and Taylor each have a material interest in
the Amendment.
Other Funds Managed. The Adviser also acts as investment adviser to other registered
investment companies that have similar investment objectives to the Acquiring Fund. The table
below sets forth certain information with respect to such investment companies. The Adviser has
waived, reduced, or otherwise agreed to reduce its compensation under the advisory agreement
applicable to each fund listed below. The funds listed below are, like the Acquiring Fund, part of
a larger group of proposed mergers and fee increases. If all of such mergers and fee increases are
approved and completed, none of the funds listed below would have an advisory fee less than the fee
proposed for the Acquiring Fund.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Rate of |
Name of Fund |
|
Net Assets |
|
Advisory Fees |
Invesco Value Municipal Income Trust (IIM) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%** |
Invesco Value Municipal Bond Trust (IMC) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%** |
Invesco Value Municipal Securities (IMS) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%* |
Invesco Value Municipal Trust (IMT) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%** |
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust (IQT) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%** |
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities (IQM) |
|
[___] |
|
0.27%** |
|
|
|
* |
|
As a percent of average weekly net assets. |
|
** |
|
As a percent of average weekly net assets. For the purpose of calculating the advisory
fee, the liquidation preference of any Preferred Shares issued by the fund will not be deducted
from the funds total assets. In addition, an amount up to the aggregate amount of any other
borrowings may be included in the funds advisory fee calculation. |
38
Board Considerations in Approving the Advisory Agreement and the Amendment
At in-person meetings on June 14-15, 2011, the Acquiring Funds Board unanimously approved the
Advisory Agreement. At a meeting on November 30, 2011, the Board unanimously approved the
Amendment. The Board held various meetings and discussions with management of the Adviser and
reviewed and considered materials regarding the Acquiring Fund, the Adviser, and other matters
considered by the Board to be material in connection with the approval of the Advisory Agreement
and the Amendment.
In considering the Amendment, the Board considered, among other things, that except for the
investment advisory fee rates payable, the Amendment will make no changes to the Advisory
Agreement. The Adviser stated its belief that, although the current management fees may have been
adequate for the services provided by the Acquiring Funds prior adviser at the time the Acquiring
Fund was launched, such fees do not fairly compensate the Adviser for the services it currently
provides in supporting the Acquiring Fund. The Adviser noted that during the time that the
Acquiring Fund was managed by its previous investment adviser, the Acquiring Fund was supported by
a small number of portfolio managers and trader/analysts, in contrast to the five lead portfolio
managers, 13 municipal bond portfolio managers, 13 municipal analysts and three traders/assistants
that Invesco has dedicated to support the Acquiring Fund and similarly managed funds within the
Invesco fund complex. The Adviser explained to the Board that the Acquiring Fund was created and
launched by the Acquiring Funds prior investment adviser through its proprietary broker-dealer and
was used as a method to provide the prior investment advisers smaller clients, who did not
otherwise have access to the municipal bond market in their individual accounts, with access to a
diversified portfolio of municipal bonds. At the prior investment adviser, dedicated portfolio
managers were not necessarily provided to manage the Acquiring Fund, and all trading and servicing
was provided by the prior advisers affiliated broker-dealer entity. In contrast, Invesco utilizes
a wide range of proprietary and external fee-based software and research services in managing the
Acquiring Fund. The Board considered managements assertion that the proposed advisory fee is
reflective of the additional services provided to the Acquiring Fund by or through Invesco. The
Adviser also provided the Board with materials in support of the view that the proposed advisory
fee is consistent with the Acquiring Funds Lipper peer group and universe averages, with other
similar funds managed by Invesco and with the fee Invesco would propose for the Acquiring Fund if
it were to be launched today. The Adviser noted that the Amendment is designed to achieve
consistent fee structures across the closed-end funds in the Invesco fund complex and to resolve
disparate pricing between the legacy Morgan Stanley and Van Kampen closed-end funds. The Board
determined that the Acquiring Funds fee under the Amendment is fair and reasonable.
The Board, including the Independent Trustees, requested and evaluated materials from, and was
provided materials and information regarding the Amendment by, the Adviser. The Board, at meetings
held on October 25, 2011 and November 29, 2011, reviewed the materials provided in connection with
their consideration of the Amendment and discussed them with representatives of the Adviser. The
Board also considered information that they had previously received in connection with their most
recent consideration and approval of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser on June 14-15, 2011.
The Board also consulted with the Independent Trustees independent legal counsel. The Board,
including the Independent Trustees, unanimously approved the Amendment as being fair and reasonable
and recommended its approval by shareholders.
The factors considered by the Board in approving the Advisory Agreement and the Amendment and
recommending approval of the Amendment included, among others, the following:
|
|
|
The expected benefits of continuing to retain the Adviser as the Acquiring
Funds investment adviser; |
|
|
|
|
The services provided, and those expected to be provided, to the Acquiring Fund
by the Adviser; |
|
|
|
|
The terms and conditions of the Advisory Agreement remaining the same except
for the fee rate being changed by the Amendment; |
|
|
|
|
The impact of the proposed change in investment advisory fee rate on the
Acquiring Funds total expense ratio; |
|
|
|
|
The willingness of the Adviser to agree to contractually limit or cap total
operating expenses for the Acquiring Fund for two years if the Amendment is
approved; and |
|
|
|
|
That the Adviser, and not the Acquiring Fund, would bear the costs of
obtaining shareholder approval of the Amendment. |
39
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services. The Board reviewed the advisory services provided to
the Acquiring Fund by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, the performance of the Adviser in
providing these services, and the credentials and experience of the officers and employees of the
Adviser who provide these services, including the Acquiring Funds portfolio manager or managers.
The Boards review of the qualifications of the Adviser to provide advisory services included the
Boards consideration of the Advisers performance and investment process oversight, independent
credit analysis and investment risk management.
The Board also considered the prior relationship between the Adviser and the Acquiring Fund,
as well as the Boards knowledge of the Advisers operations, and concluded that it is beneficial
to maintain the current relationship, in part, because of such prior relationship and knowledge.
The Board also considered services that the Adviser and its affiliates provide to the Invesco Funds
such as various back office support functions, equity and fixed income trading operations, internal
audit, and legal and compliance. The Board also considered that the nature, extent and quality of
services proposed to be provided after the Amendment were not expected to change.
Investment Performance. The Board considered the Acquiring Funds performance. The Board
compared the Acquiring Funds performance during the past one, three and five calendar years to the
performance of funds in the Lipper performance universe and against the Lipper Closed-End
General Municipal Debt Funds (Leveraged) Index. The Board noted that the Acquiring Funds
performance was in the [second] quintile of its performance universe for the one year period
(during which the Adviser managed the Acquiring Fund) and the [fourth] quintile for the three and
five year periods (the first quintile being the best performing funds and the fifth quintile being
the worst performing funds). The Board noted that the Acquiring Funds performance was [above] the
performance of the Index for the one year period and [below] the Index for the three and five year
periods. The Trustees also reviewed more recent performance and this review did not change their
conclusions.
Investment Advisory Fee Rates and Other Expenses. The Board considered that the contractual
investment advisory fee rates payable by the Acquiring Fund would increase under the Amendment.
The Board noted that the Funds contractual advisory fee rate under the Advisory Agreement was
below the median contractual advisory fee rate of funds in its expense group. The Board considered
that the advisory fee under the Amendment is consistent with those of the Acquiring Funds Lipper
peer group and universe averages and with other similar funds managed by the Adviser. The Board
noted that the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive fees and/or limit expenses of the
Acquiring Fund through at least June 30, 2014 in an amount necessary to limit total annual
operating expenses to a specified percentage of average daily net assets for the Acquiring Fund.
Economies of Scale. The Board noted that the Acquiring Fund shares directly in economies of
scale through lower fees charged by third party service providers based on the combined size of the
Invesco Funds and other clients advised by the Adviser. The Board noted that the Acquiring Funds
advisory fee schedule has no breakpoints, but that breakpoints are uncommon for closed-end funds.
Profitability and Financial Resources. The Board reviewed information from the Adviser
concerning the costs of the advisory and other services that the Adviser and its affiliates provide
to the Acquiring Fund and the profitability of the Adviser and its affiliates in providing these
services. The Board reviewed with the Adviser the methodology used to prepare the profitability
information. The Board considered the profitability of the Adviser in connection with managing the
Acquiring Fund and the Invesco funds. The Board noted that the Adviser continues to operate at a
net profit from services the Adviser and its subsidiaries provide to the Acquiring Fund and the
Invesco funds. The Board concluded that the level of profits realized by the Adviser and its
affiliates from providing services to the Acquiring Fund were not excessive and would not be
excessive under the Amendment given the nature, quality and extent of the services provided to the
Acquiring Fund. The Board received and accepted information from the Adviser demonstrating that it
is financially sound and has the resources necessary to perform its obligations under the Advisory
Agreement.
Collateral Benefits to the Adviser and its Affiliates. The Board considered various other
benefits received by the Adviser and its affiliates from the relationship with the Acquiring Fund,
including the fees received for their provision of administrative and transfer agency services to
the Acquiring Fund. The Board considered the performance of the Adviser and its affiliates in
providing these services and the organizational structure employed to provide these services. The
Board also considered that these services are provided to the Acquiring Fund pursuant to written
contracts that are reviewed and approved on an annual basis by the Board; that the services are
required for the operation of the Acquiring Fund; that the Adviser and its affiliates can provide
services, the nature and
40
quality of which are at least equal to those provided by others offering the same or similar
services; that the fees for such services are fair and reasonable in light of the usual and
customary charges by others for services of the same nature and quality; and that the Amendment
would have no effect on the foregoing factors.
The Board concluded, within the context of its overall conclusions regarding the Amendment,
that the factors described above were sufficient to warrant the approval of the Amendment. In
their deliberations, the Trustees did not identify any single item that was paramount or
controlling and individual trustees may have attributed different weights to various factors.
Based on the foregoing, the Trustees approved the Amendment and concluded that the proposed
investment advisory fee rate thereunder is fair and reasonable. Accordingly, the Board approved
the Amendment and recommends that shareholders of the Acquiring Fund vote FOR the approval of
Proposal 3.
THE ACQUIRING FUND BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF PROPOSAL 3.
PROPOSAL 4: ELECTION OF TRUSTEES BY EACH FUND
At the Meeting, Common Shareholders of the Acquiring Fund, IQT and IQM will vote on the
election of the following six nominees for election as Trustees: James T. Bunch, Bruce L. Crockett,
Rodney F. Dammeyer, Jack M. Fields, Martin L. Flanagan and Carl Frischling. All nominees have
consented to being named in this Proxy Statement and have agreed to serve if elected.
The group of Trustees standing for election in any given year is the same for each Fund. The
following table indicates the Trustees in each such group and the period for which each group
currently serves:
|
|
|
|
|
Group I* |
|
Group II** |
|
Group III*** |
Albert R. Dowden
|
|
David C. Arch
|
|
James T. Bunch |
Prema Mathai-Davis
|
|
Frank S. Bayley
|
|
Bruce L. Crockett |
Hugo F. Sonnenschein
|
|
Larry Soll
|
|
Rodney F. Dammeyer |
Raymond Stickel, Jr.
|
|
Philip A. Taylor
|
|
Jack M. Fields |
|
|
Wayne W. Whalen
|
|
Martin L. Flanagan |
|
|
|
|
Carl Frischling |
|
|
|
* |
|
Currently serving until the year 2013 Annual Meeting or until their successors have been
duly elected and qualified. |
|
** |
|
Currently serving until the year 2014 Annual Meeting or until their successors have been duly
elected and qualified. |
|
*** |
|
If elected, to serve until the year 2015 Annual Meeting or until their successors have been
duly elected and qualified. |
If elected, each nominee will serve until the later of the Funds annual meeting of
shareholders in 2015 or until his or her successor has been duly elected and qualified, or his or
her earlier retirement, resignation or removal. As in the past, only one class of Trustees is
being submitted to shareholders of each Fund for election at the Meeting. The Declaration of Trust
of each Fund provides that the Board shall be divided into three classes, which must be as nearly
equal in number as possible. For each Fund, the Trustees of only one class are elected at each
annual meeting, so that the regular term of only one class of Trustees will expire annually and any
particular Trustee stands for election only once in each three-year period. This type of
classification may prevent replacement of a majority of Trustees of a Fund for up to a two-year
period. The foregoing is subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable state law, each
Funds Declaration of Trust and each Funds Bylaws.
The business and affairs of the Funds are managed under the direction of their Boards of
Trustees. Biographical information regarding the Trustees can be found in Exhibit G. Information
on the Trustees qualifications and experience can be found in Exhibit H. Information on the
Boards leadership structure, role in risk oversight, and committees and meetings can be found in
Exhibit I. Information on the remuneration of Trustees can be found in Exhibit J. Information on
the executive officers of the Funds is available in Exhibit K. Information on the Funds
independent registered public accounting firm is available in Exhibit L.
41
Prema Mathai-Davis and Frank S. Bayley have been designated to be elected by the holders of
the Preferred Shares of the applicable Fund. Preferred Shares of each Fund are also expected to
vote on the election of the Trustee nominees, and their votes will be counted together as a single
class with the Common Shares.
THE BOARD OF EACH FUND RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR ALL OF THE NOMINEES.
VOTING INFORMATION
How to Vote Your Shares
There are several ways you can vote your shares, including in person at the Meeting, by mail,
by telephone, or via the Internet. The proxy card that accompanies this Proxy Statement provides
detailed instructions on how you may vote your shares.
If you properly fill in and sign your proxy card and send it to us in time to vote at the
Meeting, your proxy (the individuals named on your proxy card) will vote your shares as you have
directed. If you sign your proxy card but do not make specific choices, your proxy will vote your
shares FOR each Proposal and FOR ALL of the Trustee nominees, in accordance with the
recommendations of the Board of your Fund, and in the proxys best judgment on other matters.
Why are you sending me the Proxy Statement?
You are receiving this Proxy Statement because you own Common Shares of a Fund as of the
Record Date and have the right to vote on the very important proposals described herein concerning
your Fund. This Proxy Statement contains information that shareholders of the Funds should know
before voting on the proposals. This document is both a proxy statement of each Fund and also a
prospectus for Common Shares of the Acquiring Fund.
About the Proxy Statement and the Meeting
We are sending you this Proxy Statement and the enclosed proxy card because the Board is
soliciting your proxy to vote at the Meeting and at any adjournments or postponements of the
Meeting. This Proxy Statement gives you information about the business to be conducted at the
Meeting. Fund shareholders may vote by appearing in person at the Meeting and following the
instructions below. You do not need to attend the Meeting to vote, however. Instead, you may
simply complete, sign, and return the enclosed proxy card or vote by following the instructions on
the enclosed proxy card to vote via telephone or the Internet.
Shareholders of record of the Funds as of the close of business on the Record Date are
entitled to vote at the Meeting. The number of outstanding shares of each class of each Fund on
[April 20], 2012 can be found at Exhibit A. Each shareholder is entitled to one vote for each full
share held and a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional share held. The Funds expect
that Preferred Shares will also be voted at the Meeting. This Proxy Statement is not a
solicitation for any votes of the Preferred Shares of any Fund.
Attendance at the Meeting is generally limited to shareholders and their authorized
representatives. All shareholders must bring an acceptable form of identification, such as a
drivers license, in order to attend the Meeting in person. If your shares are held through a
broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, you will need to obtain a legal proxy from them in
order to attend or vote your shares at the Meeting.
Proxies will have the authority to vote and act on behalf of shareholders at any adjournment
of the Meeting. It is the intention of the persons named in the enclosed proxy card to vote the
shares represented by them for each proposal and for all of the Trustee nominees, unless the proxy
card is marked otherwise. If a shareholder gives a proxy, the shareholder may revoke the
authorization at any time before it is exercised by sending in another proxy card with a later date
or by notifying the Secretary of the Fund in writing at the address of the Fund set forth on the
cover page of this Proxy Statement before the Meeting that the shareholder has revoked its proxy.
In addition,
42
although merely attending the Meeting will not revoke your proxy, if a shareholder is present
at the Meeting, the shareholder may withdraw the proxy and vote in person.
Quorum Requirement and Adjournment
A quorum of shareholders is necessary to hold a valid shareholder meeting of each Fund. Under
the governing documents of the Funds, the holders of a majority of each Funds shares issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall be
requisite and shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
If a quorum is not present at the Meeting, it may be adjourned, with the vote of the majority
of the votes present or represented by proxy, to allow additional solicitations of proxies in order
to attain a quorum. The shareholders present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to
vote at the Meeting will also have the power to adjourn the Meeting from time to time if the vote
required to approve or reject any proposal described herein is not obtained, with proxies,
including abstentions and broker non-votes, being voted for or against adjournment consistent with
the votes for or against the proposal for which the required vote has not been obtained.
In the event that a shareholder of a Fund present at the Meeting objects to the holding of a
joint meeting and moves for an adjournment of the meeting of such Fund to a time immediately after
the Meeting so that such Funds meeting may be held separately, the persons named as proxies will
vote in favor of such adjournment.
Abstentions and broker non-votes (described below) are counted as present and will be included
for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present for each Fund at the Meeting, but are not
considered votes cast at the Meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes will have the same effect as
a vote against Proposal 1, 2, 3, or 4, because their approval requires the affirmative vote of a
percentage of the outstanding shares of the applicable Fund or of a certain proportion of the
shares present at the Meeting, as opposed to a percentage of votes cast. A proxy card marked
withhold with respect to election of Trustees would have the same effect as an abstention.
Broker non-votes occur when a proposal that is routine (such as the election of trustees) is
voted on at a meeting alongside a proposal that is non-routine (such as the Redomestication or
Merger proposals). Under New York Stock Exchange rules, brokers may generally vote in their
discretion on routine proposals, but are generally not able to vote on a non-routine proposal in
the absence of express voting instructions from beneficial owners. As a result, where both routine
and non-routine proposals are voted on at the same meeting, proxies voted by brokers on the routine
proposals are considered votes present but are not votes on any non-routine proposals. Because
both routine and non-routine proposals will be voted on at the Meeting, the Funds anticipate
receiving broker non-votes with respect to Proposals 1, 2, and 3. No broker non-votes are
anticipated with respect to Proposal 4 because it is considered a routine proposal on which brokers
typically may vote in their discretion.
Broker-dealers who are not members of the New York Stock Exchange may be subject to other
rules, which may or may not permit them to vote your Common Shares without instruction. Therefore,
you are encouraged to contact your broker and record your voting instructions.
Votes Necessary to Approve the Proposals
Common Shares and Preferred Shares of each Fund are entitled to vote at the Meeting. This
Proxy Statement is not a solicitation for any votes of the Preferred Shares of any Fund. The vote
of Preferred Shares of each Fund (if any) on the Proposals on which holders of such Preferred
Shares are entitled to vote will be solicited by a separate proxy statement.
Each Funds Board has unanimously approved the Funds Plan of Redomestication discussed in
Proposal 1. Shareholder approval of each Funds Plan of Redomestication requires the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the Common Shares and the Preferred Shares outstanding and
entitled to vote, voting as separate classes, of such Fund. Proposal 1 may be implemented for a
Fund regardless of whether shareholders approve any other Proposals applicable to the Fund.
Each Funds Board has unanimously approved the Funds Plan of Merger discussed in Proposal 2.
Shareholder approval of the Plan of Merger for each Merger requires the affirmative vote of a
majority of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares of the Target Fund outstanding and entitled to
vote, voting as separate classes, of the applicable Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund. Proposal
2 may be implemented for a Target Fund only if
43
Proposal 1 is also approved by both such Target Fund and the Acquiring Fund and regardless of
whether shareholders approve any other Proposal applicable to such Funds.
The Acquiring Funds Board has unanimously approved the amendment to the advisory agreement
discussed in Proposal 3, subject to shareholder approval. Proposal 3 must be approved by holders
of the lesser of (1) 67% of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares of the Acquiring Fund (voting
together) represented at the Meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Common
Shares and Preferred Shares of the Acquiring Fund are present or represented by proxy at the
Meeting, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding Common Shares and Preferred Shares of the
Acquiring Fund (voting together). Proposal 3 may be implemented regardless of whether shareholders
approve any other Proposal applicable to the Acquiring Fund.
With respect to Proposal 4, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of a Fund (with
Common Shares and Preferred Shares voting as a single class) represented in person or by proxy and
entitled to vote at the Meeting is required to elect each nominee for Trustee of such Fund.
Proposal 4 may be implemented for a Fund regardless of whether shareholders approve any of the
other Proposals applicable to the Fund.
Proxy Solicitation
The Funds have engaged the services of Computershare Fund Services (the Solicitor) to assist
in the solicitation of proxies for the Meeting. The Solicitors costs are described under the
Costs of the Merger section of this Proxy Statement. Proxies are expected to be solicited
principally by mail, but the Funds or the Solicitor may also solicit proxies by telephone,
facsimile or personal interview. The Funds officers may also solicit proxies but will not receive
any additional or special compensation for any such solicitation.
Under the agreement with the Solicitor, the Solicitor will be paid a project management fee as
well as telephone solicitation expenses incurred for reminder calls, outbound telephone voting,
confirmation of telephone votes, inbound telephone contact, obtaining shareholders telephone
numbers, and providing additional materials upon shareholder request. The agreement also provides
that the Solicitor shall be indemnified against certain liabilities and expenses, including
liabilities under the federal securities laws.
OTHER MATTERS
Share Ownership by Large Shareholders, Management and Trustees
Information on each person who as of [April 20], 2012, to the knowledge of each Fund, owned 5%
or more of the outstanding shares of a class of such Fund can be found at Exhibit B. Information
regarding ownership by Trustees of the Funds of shares of such Funds and of shares of all
registered investment companies overseen by such Board member in the Fund Complex can be found at
Exhibit B. To the best knowledge of each Fund, the ownership of shares of such Fund by executive
officers and Trustees of such Fund as a group constituted less than 1% of each outstanding class of
shares of such Fund as of [April 20], 2012.
Annual Meetings of the Funds
If a Merger is completed, the merged Target Fund will not hold an annual meeting in 2013. If
a Merger does not take place, that Target Funds Board will announce the date of the 2013 annual
meeting for such Target Fund. The Acquiring Fund will hold an annual meeting in 2013 regardless of
whether a Merger is consummated.
Dissenters Rights
Each Target Fund is a Massachusetts business trust whose Declaration of Trust provides that
its shares of beneficial interest shall not entitle a holder to appraisal rights. Accordingly,
each Target Fund does not believe that its shareholders are entitled to appraisal rights in
connection with the Mergers. However, the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act (MBCA)
generally provides that the shareholders of a Massachusetts corporation are entitled to appraisal
rights in the event of a sale or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of a
corporation, as provided in Sections 13.01 through 13.31 of Part 13 of the MBCA, and in certain
circumstances courts have applied Massachusetts corporate statutes to Massachusetts business
trusts. The availability of appraisal rights in connection with a transaction such as the Mergers
involving a Massachusetts business trust has not been judicially
44
determined. Accordingly, depending on such determination, Target Fund shareholders may be
entitled to assert appraisal rights in respect of a Merger under Massachusetts law. Each Target
Fund reserves the right to challenge any purported exercise of appraisal rights in respect of a
Merger.
If a Target Fund shareholder believes he or she is entitled to appraisal rights under
Massachusetts law, in order to exercise these rights the shareholder must: (i) deliver to the
Target Fund, before the vote to approve the Merger Agreement is taken, written notice of his or her
intent to demand payment for his or her shares in an amount to be determined pursuant to the
prescribed appraisal procedure; (ii) not vote his or her shares in favor of the proposal to approve
the Merger Agreement; and (iii) comply with the other procedures specified in Part 13 of the MBCA.
Because proxies received prior to the Meeting on which no vote is indicated will be voted for the
Merger Agreement as described above, the submission of a proxy card on which no vote is indicated
will result in the waiver of any available appraisal rights. If a shareholder holds shares in the
name of a broker or other nominee and wants to attempt to assert appraisal rights, the shareholder
must instruct his or her nominee to take the steps necessary to enable the shareholder to assert
appraisal rights. See Assertion of Rights by Nominees and Beneficial Owners in Exhibit M. If
the shareholder or nominee fails to follow all of the steps specified in the statute, the
shareholder will lose his or her right of appraisal (to the extent such right otherwise would be
available).
Any Target Fund shareholder who believes he or she is entitled to appraisal rights and who
wishes to preserve those rights should carefully review Sections 13.01 through 13.31 of Part 13 of
the MBCA, attached as Exhibit M hereto, which set forth the procedures to be complied with in
perfecting any such rights. Failure to strictly comply with the procedures specified in Part 13 of
the MBCA will result in the loss of any appraisal rights to which such shareholder may be entitled.
For federal income tax purposes, dissenting shareholders obtaining payment for their Common
Shares will recognize gain or loss measured by the difference between any such payment and the tax
basis for their Common Shares. Shareholders are advised to consult their personal tax advisors as
to the tax consequences of dissenting.
Shareholder Proposals
Shareholder proposals intended to be presented at the year 2013 annual meeting of shareholders
for a Fund pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
Exchange Act), must be received by the Funds Secretary at the Funds principal executive offices
by [February 8], 2013 in order to be considered for inclusion in the Funds proxy statement and
proxy card relating to that meeting. Timely submission of a proposal does not necessarily mean
that such proposal will be included in the Funds proxy statement. Pursuant to each Funds
governing documents as anticipated to be in effect before the 2013 annual meeting, if a shareholder
wishes to make a proposal at the year 2013 annual meeting of shareholders without having the
proposal included in a Funds proxy statement, then such proposal must be received by the Funds
Secretary at the Funds principal executive offices not earlier than March 19, 2013 and not later
than April 18, 2013. If a shareholder fails to provide timely notice, then the persons named as
proxies in the proxies solicited by the Board for the 2013 annual meeting of shareholders may
exercise discretionary voting power with respect to any such proposal. Any shareholder who wishes
to submit a proposal for consideration at a meeting of such shareholders Fund should send such
proposal to the Funds Secretary at 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309, Attn:
Secretary.
Shareholder Communications
Shareholders may send communications to each Funds Board. Shareholders should send
communications intended for a Board or for a Trustee by addressing the communication directly to
the Board or individual Trustee and/or otherwise clearly indicating that the communication is for
the Board or individual Trustee and by sending the communication to either the office of the
Secretary of the applicable Fund or directly to such Trustee at the address specified for such
Trustee in Exhibit G. Other shareholder communications received by any Fund not directly addressed
and sent to the Board will be reviewed and generally responded to by management, and will be
forwarded to the Board only at managements discretion based on the matters contained therein.
45
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 30(h) of the 1940 Act and Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, require each of the
Funds Trustees, officers, and investment advisers, affiliated persons of the investment advisers,
and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of a Funds equity securities to file forms
with the SEC and the Exchange reporting their affiliation with the Fund and reports of ownership
and changes in ownership of such securities. These persons and entities are required by SEC
regulations to furnish such Fund with copies of all such forms they file. Based on a review of
these forms furnished to each Fund, each Fund believes that during its last fiscal year, its
Trustees, its officers, the Adviser and affiliated persons of the Adviser complied with the
applicable filing requirements.
Other Meeting Matters
Management of each Fund does not intend to present, and does not have reason to believe that
others will present, any other items of business at the Meeting. The Funds know of no business
other than the proposals described in this Proxy Statement that will, or are proposed to, be
presented for consideration at the Meeting. If any other matters are properly presented, the
persons named on the enclosed proxy cards shall vote proxies in accordance with their best
judgment.
WHERE TO FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This Proxy Statement and the SAI do not contain all the information set forth in the annual
and semi-annual reports filed by the Funds as such documents have been filed with the SEC. The
financial highlights of each Fund for the year ended February 29, 2012 and the description of the
Funds automatic dividend reinvestment plans are incorporated by reference into this Proxy
Statement from the Funds annual report for the year ended February 29, 2012 on Form N-CSR. Such
financial highlights and financial statements have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated
herein by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given
upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. The SEC file number of each Fund,
which contains the Funds shareholder reports and other filings with the SEC, is 811-06591 for the
Acquiring Fund, 811-06346 for IQT, and 811-07560 for IQM.
Each Fund is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, and the 1940 Act and in accordance therewith, each Fund files reports and other
information with the SEC. Reports, proxy material, registration statements and other information
filed (including the Registration Statement relating to the Funds on Form N-14 of which this Proxy
Statement is a part) may be inspected without charge and copied at the public reference facilities
maintained by the SEC at Room 1580, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of such
material may also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, at the prescribed rates. The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that
contains information regarding the Funds and other registrants that file electronically with the
SEC. Reports, proxy materials and other information concerning the Funds can also be inspected at
the Exchange.
46
EXHIBIT A
Outstanding Shares of the Funds
As of [April 20], 2012, there were the following number of shares outstanding of each Fund:
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Fund/Share Class
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Number of Shares Outstanding |
A-1
EXHIBIT B
Ownership of the Funds
Significant Holders
Listed below are the name, address and percent ownership of each person who as of [April 20],
2012, to the best knowledge of the Funds owned 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a class of a
Fund. [A shareholder who owns beneficially 25% or more of the outstanding securities of a Fund is
presumed to control the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Such control may affect the voting
rights of other shareholders.]
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Number of |
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Shares Owned of |
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Percent Owned of |
Name and Address |
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Fund |
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Class of Shares |
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Record |
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Record* |
[Name and Address] |
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[ ] |
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_____ |
% |
[Name and Address] |
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[Preferred] |
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[ ] |
** |
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* |
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Each Fund has no knowledge of whether all or any portion of the shares owned of record are also
owned beneficially. |
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[** |
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Preferred Shares are subject to a voting trust requiring that certain voting rights of the
Preferred Shares must be exercised as directed by an unaffiliated third party. |
B-1
EXHIBIT C
Comparison of governing documents
The Acquiring Fund, IQM and IQT are each a Massachusetts business trust (each a MA Trust and
together, the MA Trusts). Under Proposal 1, if approved, each MA Trust will reorganize into a
newly formed Delaware statutory trust (a DE Trust). The following is a discussion of certain
provisions of the governing instruments and governing laws of each MA Trust and its corresponding
DE Trust, but is not a complete description thereof. Further information about each Funds
governance structure is contained in the Funds shareholder reports and its governing documents.
Shares. The Trustees of the MA Trusts have the power to issue shares, including preferred
shares, without shareholder approval. The governing documents of the MA Trusts indicate that the
amount of common shares that a MA Trust may issue is unlimited. Preferred shares are limited to
the amount set forth in the Declarations (defined below). Shares of the MA Trusts have no
preemptive rights.
The Trustees of the DE Trusts have the power to issue shares, including preferred shares,
without shareholder approval. The governing documents of the DE Trusts indicate that the amount of
common and preferred shares that a DE Trust may issue is unlimited. Shares of the DE Trusts have
no preemptive rights.
Organization. The MA Trusts are organized as Massachusetts business trusts, under the laws of
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Each MA Trust is governed by its Declaration of Trust (a
Declaration) and its By-Laws, each as may be amended, and its business and affairs are managed
under the supervision of its Board of Trustees.
Each DE Trust is organized as a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the Delaware Statutory
Trust Act (Delaware Act). Each DE Trust is governed by its Amended and Restated Agreement and
Declaration of Trust (also, a Declaration and together with the Declaration of each MA Trust, the
Declarations) and its By-Laws, and its business and affairs are managed under the supervision of
its Board of Trustees.
Composition of the Board of Trustees. The Boards of Trustees of both the MA Trusts and the DE
Trusts are divided into three classes, with the election of each class staggered so that each class
is only up for election once every three years. Any Trustee of a DE Trust that is standing for
reelection, but who fails to receive a quorum or sufficient votes, may continue to serve for
successive one-year terms until such Trustee is duly elected.
Shareholder Meetings and Rights of Shareholders to Call a Meeting. The MA Trusts are required
to hold annual shareholder meetings under their governing documents. Similarly, the DE Trusts are
required to hold annual shareholder meetings to elect trustees under their Declaration. In
addition, the stock exchange on which a MA Trust and DE Trusts shares are currently listed
requires annual meetings to elect trustees.
The governing instruments for each MA Trust provide that special meetings of shareholders may
be called by the Chair or a majority of the Trustees. In addition, special meetings of
shareholders may also be called by the Secretary of a MA Trust upon written request of shareholders
holding and entitled to vote not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such
meeting for matters that do not require a separate vote by each class of shares.
The By-Laws of the DE Trusts authorize the Trustees to call a meeting of the shareholders for
the election of Trustees. The By-Laws of the DE Trusts also authorize a meeting of shareholders
held for any purpose determined by the Trustees. The By-Laws of the DE Trusts state that
shareholders have no power to call a special meeting of shareholders.
Submission of Shareholder Proposals. The federal securities laws, which apply to all of the
MA Trusts and the DE Trusts, require that certain conditions be met to present any proposal at a
shareholder meeting. The matters to be considered and brought before an annual or special meeting
of shareholders of the MA Trusts and the DE Trusts are limited to only those matters, including the
nomination and election of Trustees, that are properly brought
C-1
before the meeting. For proposals submitted by shareholders, the By-Laws of the MA Trusts and the
DE Trusts contain provisions which require that notice be given to the DE Trust or MA Trust,
respectively, by an otherwise eligible shareholder in advance of the annual or special shareholder
meeting in order for the shareholder to present a proposal at any such meeting. Failure to satisfy
the requirements of these advance notice provisions means that a shareholder may not be able to
present a proposal at the annual or special shareholder meeting.
In general, for nominations and any other proposals to be properly brought before an annual
meeting of shareholders by a shareholder of a MA Trust, written notice must be delivered to the
Secretary of the MA Trust not less than 60 days, nor more than 90 days, prior to the first
anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting. If the annual meeting is not scheduled to be
held within a period that commences 30 days before such anniversary and ends 30 days after such
anniversary, the written notice must be delivered by the later of the 60th day prior to
the meeting or the 10th day following the public announcement or disclosure of the
meeting date. If the number of Trustees to be elected to the Board is increased and either all of
the nominees for Trustee or the size of the increased Board are not publicly announced or disclosed
at least 70 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting, written
notice will be considered timely if delivered to the Secretary of the MA Trust no later than the
10th date of such public announcement or disclosure. With respect to the nomination of
individuals for election to the Board of Trustees at a special shareholder meeting, written notice
must be delivered by a shareholder of the MA Trust to the Secretary of the MA Trust no later than
the 10th date after such meeting is publicly announced or disclosed.
For nominations and any other proposals to be properly brought before an annual meeting of
shareholders by a shareholder of a DE Trust, written notice must be delivered to the Secretary of
the DE Trust not less than 90 days, nor more than 120 days, prior to the first anniversary of the
preceding years annual meeting. If the annual meeting is not scheduled to be held within a period
that commences 30 days before such anniversary and ends 30 days after such anniversary, the written
notice must be delivered by the later of the 90th day prior to the meeting or the
10th day following the public announcement or disclosure of the meeting date. If the
number of Trustees to be elected to the Board is increased and either all of the nominees for
Trustee or the size of the increased Board are not publicly announced or disclosed at least 70 days
prior the first anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting, written notice will be
considered timely if delivered to the Secretary of the DE Trust no later than the 10th
date of such public announcement or disclosure. With respect to the nomination of individuals for
election to the Board of Trustees at a special shareholder meeting, written notice must be
delivered by a shareholder of the DE Trust to the Secretary of the DE Trust no later than the
10th date after such meeting is publicly announced or disclosed. Specific information,
as set forth in the By-Laws, about the nominee or proposal must also be delivered, and updated as
necessary if proposed at an annual meeting, by the shareholder of the DE Trust. The shareholder or
a qualified representative must also appear at the annual or special meeting of shareholders to
present about the nomination or proposed business.
Quorum. The governing instruments of the MA Trusts provide that a quorum will exist if
shareholders representing a majority of the issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote at a
shareholder meeting are present in person or represented by proxy.
The By-Laws of each DE Trust provide that a quorum will exist if shareholders representing a
majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote are present or represented by proxy, except
when a larger quorum is required by applicable law or the requirements of any securities exchange
on which shares are listed for trading, in which case the quorum must comply with such
requirements.
Number of Votes; Aggregate Voting. The governing instruments of the MA Trusts and the
Declaration and By-Laws of the DE Trusts provide that each shareholder is entitled to one vote for
each whole share held as to any matter on which the shareholder is entitled to vote, and a
proportionate fractional vote for each fractional share held. The MA Trusts and the DE Trusts do
not provide for cumulative voting for the election or removal of Trustees.
The governing instruments of the MA Trusts generally provide that all share classes vote by
class or series of the MA Trust, except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the governing
instruments or resolution of the Trustees.
C-2
The Declarations for the DE Trusts generally provide that all shares are voted as a single
class, except when required by applicable law, the governing instruments, or when the Trustees have
determined that the matter affects the interests of one or more classes, in which case only the
shareholders of all such affected classes are entitled to vote on the matter.
Derivative Actions. Shareholders of each MA Trust have the power to vote as to whether or not
a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained derivatively or
as a class action on behalf of the MA Trust or its shareholders.
The Declarations for the DE Trusts state that a shareholder may bring a derivative action on
behalf of a DE Trust only if several conditions are met. These conditions include, among other
things, a pre-suit demand upon the Board of Trustees and, unless a demand is not required,
shareholders who hold a majority of the outstanding shares must join in the request for the Board
of Trustees to commence an action, and the Board of Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount
of time to consider such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of the claim.
Right to Vote. The 1940 Act provides that shareholders of a fund have the power to vote with
respect to certain matters: specifically, for the election of trustees, the selection of auditors
(under certain circumstances), approval of investment advisory agreements and plans of
distribution, and amendments to policies, goals or restrictions deemed to be fundamental.
Shareholders also have the right to vote on certain matters affecting a fund or a particular share
class thereof under their respective governing instruments and applicable state law. The following
summarizes the matters on which shareholders have the right to vote as well as the minimum
shareholder vote required to approve the matter. For matters on which shareholders of a MA Trust
or DE Trust do not have the right to vote, the Trustees may nonetheless determine to submit the
matter to shareholders for approval. Where referenced below, the phrase Majority Shareholder
Vote means the vote required by the 1940 Act, which is the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares
present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of a funds outstanding shares are present
or represented by proxy; or (b) more than 50% of a funds outstanding shares.
Election and Removal of Trustees. The shareholders of the MA Trusts are entitled to
vote, under certain circumstances, for the election and the removal of the Trustees. Subject to
the rights of the preferred shareholders, if any, the Trustees of the MA Trusts are elected by an
affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares present in person or represented by proxy.
However, the preferred shareholders, if any, voting as a class elect at least two Trustees at all
times. Preferred shareholders, if any, may also elect a majority of Trustees if dividends on the
preferred shares have been unpaid for an amount equal to two full years of dividends. Any Trustees
of the MA Trusts may be removed at any meeting of shareholders by a vote of 80% of the outstanding
shares of the class or classes of shares of beneficial interest that elected such Trustee.
With regard to the DE Trusts, Trustees are elected by the affirmative vote of a majority of
the shares of the DE Trust present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at a meeting of the
shareholders at which a quorum is present. Preferred shareholders, voting as a separate class,
solely elect at least two Trustees. Under certain circumstances, including non-payment of
dividends equal to two full years dividends on preferred shares, holders of preferred shares may
elect at least a majority of the Boards Trustees. The Declaration and By-Laws of the DE Trusts do
not provide shareholders with the ability to remove Trustees.
Amendment of Governing Instruments. Except as described below, the Trustees of the MA
Trusts and DE Trusts have the right to amend, from time to time, the governing instruments. For
the MA Trusts, the Trustees have the power to alter, amend or repeal the By-Laws or adopt new
By-Laws provided that By-Laws adopted by shareholders may only be altered, amended or repealed by
the shareholders, or by a majority of shares represented in person or by proxy. For the DE Trusts,
the By-Laws may be altered, amended, or repealed by the Trustees, without the vote or approval of
shareholders.
For the MA Trusts, the shareholders must vote with respect to any amendment of the Declaration
to the extent provided by the Declaration. The vote required is a majority of the shares present
or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting, except as otherwise provided by
applicable law, the Declaration or resolution of the Trustees specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement for the transaction of any item of business at any meeting of shareholders. For any
matter required to be voted on separately by class of shares the matter shall be decided by a
majority of the shares present or represented and entitled to vote on the subject matter.
C-3
For the DE Trusts, any amendment to the Declaration approved by the Board that would reduce
the shareholders rights to indemnification requires the vote of shareholders owning at least 75%
of the outstanding shares. Any amendments to the Declaration that would change shareholder voting
rights require the affirmative vote or consent by the Board of Trustees followed by the affirmative
vote or consent of shareholders owning at least 75% of the outstanding shares, unless such
amendments have been previously approved, adopted or authorized by the affirmative vote of at least
66 2/3% of the Board of Trustees, in which case an affirmative Majority Shareholder Vote is
required (the DE Trusts Voting Standard).
Mergers, Reorganizations, and Conversions. The governing instruments of the MA Trusts
provide that a merger, consolidation, conversion to an open-end company, or sale of assets requires
the affirmative vote of not less than 80% of the common shares and preferred shares, if any,
outstanding and entitled to vote, voting as separate classes. Reorganization or incorporation
requires the approval of the holders of a majority of each of the common shares and preferred
shares, if any, outstanding and entitled to vote, voting as separate classes. If the merger,
consolidation, sale, lease or exchange is recommended by the Trustees, the vote or written consent
of the holders of a majority of the common shares and preferred shares, if any, outstanding and
entitled to vote, voting as separate classes, is sufficient authorization.
For the DE Trusts, any such merger, consolidation, conversion, reorganization, or
reclassification requires approval pursuant to the DE Trusts Voting Standard. The vote required
is in addition to the vote or consent of shareholders otherwise required by law or by the terms of
any class of preferred shares or any agreement between the Trust and any national securities
exchange.
Principal Shareholder Transactions. The MA Trusts require a vote or consent of 80% of
the common shares or preferred shares, if any, outstanding and entitled to vote, voting as separate
classes, where a principal shareholder of a fund (i.e., any corporation, person or other entity
which is the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 5% of the funds outstanding
shares) is the party to certain transactions.
The DE Trusts require a vote pursuant to the DE Trusts Voting Standard for certain principal
shareholder transactions. The vote required is in addition to the vote or consent of shareholders
otherwise required by law or by the terms of any class of preferred shares or any agreement between
the Trust and any national securities exchange.
Termination of the Trust. For IQM, termination requires the affirmative vote of not
less than 80% of the common shares and preferred shares, if any, outstanding and entitled to vote,
voting as separate classes, at any meeting of shareholders, or an instrument in writing, without a
meeting, signed by a majority of the Trustees and consented to by an affirmative vote of a majority
of the outstanding shares of IQM.
For each of the Acquiring Fund and IQT, the termination requires the affirmative vote of not
less than 80% of the common shares and preferred shares, if any, outstanding and entitled to vote,
voting as separate classes, at any meeting of shareholders, or an instrument in writing, without a
meeting, signed by a majority of the Trustees and consented to by affirmative vote of not less than
two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each of the Acquiring Fund and IQT.
The DE Trusts may be dissolved upon a vote pursuant to the DE Trusts Voting Standard. The
vote required is in addition to the vote or consent of shareholders otherwise required by law or by
the terms of any class of preferred shares or any agreement between a DE Trust and any national
securities exchange. In addition, if the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the Board approves
the dissolution, shareholder approval is not required.
Liability of Shareholders. The Massachusetts statute governing business trusts does not
include an express provision relating to the limitation of liability of the shareholders of a
Massachusetts business trust. However, the Declarations for the MA Trusts provide that no
shareholder will be personally liable in connection with the acts, obligations or affairs of the
Target Trusts. Consistent with Section 3803 of the Delaware Act, the Declarations of the DE Trusts
generally provide that shareholders will not be subject to personal liability for the acts or
obligations of the DE Trust.
C-4
Liability of Trustees and Officers. Consistent with the 1940 Act, the governing instruments
for both the DE Trusts and the MA Trusts generally provide that no Trustee or officer of a DE Trust
and no Trustee, officer, employee or agent of a MA Trust is subject to any personal liability in
connection with the assets or affairs of the DE Trust and the MA Trust, respectively, except for
liability arising from his or her own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office (Disabling Conduct).
Indemnification. The MA Trusts generally indemnify every person who is or has been a Trustee
or officer of the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against all liability and against
all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by them in connection with any claim, action, suit or
proceeding in which they becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of their being or
having been a Trustee or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by them in the settlement
thereof.
The Trustees, officers, employees or agents of a DE Trust (Covered Persons) are indemnified
by the DE Trust to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware Act, the By-Laws and other
applicable law. The By-Laws provide that every Covered Person is indemnified by the DE Trust for
expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in any
proceeding to which such Covered Person is made a party or is threatened to be made a party, or is
involved as a witness, by reason of the fact that such person is a Covered Person. For proceedings
not by or in the right of the DE Trust (i.e., derivative lawsuits), every Covered Person is
indemnified by the DE Trust for expenses actually and reasonably incurred in the investigation,
defense or settlement in any proceeding to which such Covered Person is made a party or is
threatened to be made a party, or is involved as a witness, by reason of the fact that such person
is a Covered Person. No Covered Person is indemnified for any expenses, judgments, fines, amounts
paid in settlement, or other liability or loss arising by reason of disabling conduct or for any
proceedings by such Covered Person against the Trust. The termination of any proceeding by
conviction, or a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of an order of probation
prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the person engaged in Disabling Conduct.
In addition, a DE Trust is indemnified by a shareholder for all costs, expenses, penalties,
fines or other amounts arising from that shareholders breach or failure to fully comply with the
governing instruments of the DE Trust. A DE Trust is further indemnified for such costs to the
extent that the shareholder is not the prevailing party in any action against the DE Trust. The DE
Trust is permitted to redeem shares of and set off against any distributions to the shareholder for
such amounts liable by the shareholder to the DE Trust.
C-5
EXHIBIT D
Comparison Of State Laws
The laws governing Massachusetts business trusts and Delaware statutory trusts have similar
effect, but they differ in certain respects. Both the Massachusetts business trust law (MA
Statute) and the Delaware statutory trust act (DE Statute) permit a trusts governing instrument
to contain provisions relating to shareholder rights and removal of trustees, and provide trusts
with the ability to amend or restate the trusts governing instruments. However, the MA Statute is
silent on many of the salient features of a Massachusetts business trust (a MA Trust) whereas the
DE Statute provides guidance and offers a significant amount of operational flexibility to Delaware
statutory trusts (a DE Trust). The DE Statute provides explicitly that the shareholders and
trustees of a Delaware Trust are not liable for obligations of the trust to the same extent as
under corporate law, while under the MA Statute, shareholders and trustees could potentially be
liable for trust obligations. The DE Statute authorizes the trustees to take various actions
without requiring shareholder approval if permitted by a Funds governing instruments. For
example, trustees may have the power to amend the Delaware trust instrument, merge or consolidate a
Fund with another entity, and to change the Delaware trusts domicile, in each case without a
shareholder vote.
The following is a discussion of only certain material differences between the DE Statute and
MA Statute, as applicable, and is not a complete description of them. Further information about
each Funds current trust structure is contained in such Funds organizational documents and in
relevant state law.
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Delaware Statutory Trust |
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Massachusetts Business Trust |
Governing Documents/ Governing
Body
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A DE Trust is formed by the filing of a
certificate of trust with the Delaware
Secretary of State. A DE Trust is an
unincorporated association organized
under the DE Statute whose operations are
governed by its governing document (which
may consist of one or more documents).
Its business and affairs are managed by
or under the direction of one or more
trustees. As described in this chart, DE
Trusts are granted a significant amount
of organizational and operational
flexibility. Delaware law makes it easy
to obtain needed shareholder approvals,
and also permits the management of a DE
Trust to take various actions without
being required to make state filings or
obtain shareholder approval.
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A MA Trust is created by the trustees
execution of a written declaration of
trust. A MA Trust is required to file
the declaration of trust with the
Secretary of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts and with the clerk of every
city or town in Massachusetts where the
trust has a usual place of business. A
MA Trust is a voluntary association with
transferable shares of beneficial
interests, organized under the MA
Statute. A MA Trust is considered to be
a hybrid, having characteristics of both
corporations and common law trusts. A MA
Trusts operations are governed by a
trust document and bylaws. The business
and affairs of a MA Trust are managed by
or under the direction of a board of
trustees.
MA Trusts are also granted a significant
amount of organizational and operational
flexibility. The MA Statute is silent on
most of the salient features of MA
Trusts, thereby allowing trustees to
freely structure the MA Trust. The MA
Statute does not specify what information
must be contained in the declaration of
trust, nor does it require a registered
officer or agent for service of process. |
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership Shares of
Interest |
|
Under both the DE Statute and the MA Statute, the ownership interests in a DE Trust and
MA Trust are denominated as beneficial interests and are held by beneficial owners. |
|
|
|
|
|
Series and Classes
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
document may provide for classes, groups
or series of shares,
|
|
The MA Statute is silent as to any
requirements for the creation of such series or |
D-1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delaware Statutory Trust |
|
Massachusetts Business Trust |
|
|
having such relative
rights, powers and duties as shareholders
set forth in the governing document.
Such classes, groups or series may be
described in a DE Trusts governing
document or in resolutions adopted by its
trustees. |
|
classes. |
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Voting Rights
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
document may set forth any provision
relating to trustee and shareholder
voting rights, including the withholding
of such rights from certain trustees or
shareholders. If voting rights are
granted, the governing document may
contain any provision relating to the
exercise of voting rights.
|
|
There is no provision in the MA Statute
addressing voting by the shareholders of
a MA Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
Quorum
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
document may set forth any provision
relating to quorum requirements at
meetings of shareholders.
|
|
There is no provision in the MA Statute
addressing quorum requirements at
meetings of shareholders of a MA Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Meetings |
|
Neither the DE Statute nor the MA Statute mandates an annual shareholders meeting. |
|
|
|
|
|
Organization of
Meetings |
|
Neither the DE Statute nor the MA Statute contain provisions relating to the organization
of shareholder meetings. |
|
|
|
|
|
Record Date
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
document may provide for record dates.
|
|
There is no record date provision in the
MA Statute. |
|
|
|
|
|
Qualification and
Election of
Trustees
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
documents may set forth the manner in
which trustees are elected and qualified.
|
|
The MA Statute does not contain
provisions relating to the election and
qualification of trustees of a MA Trust.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Removal of Trustees
|
|
Under the DE Statute, the governing
documents of a DE Trust or MA Trust may
contain any provision relating to the
removal of trustees; provided, however,
that there shall at all times be at least
one trustee of a DE Trust.
|
|
The MA Statute does not contain
provisions relating to the removal of
trustees. |
|
|
|
|
|
Restrictions on Transfer |
|
Neither the DE Statute nor the MA Statute contain provisions relating to the ability of a
DE Trust or MA Trust, as applicable, to restrict transfers of beneficial interests. |
|
|
|
|
|
Preemptive Rights
and Redemption of
Shares |
|
Under each of the DE Statute and the MA Statute, a governing document may contain any
provision relating to the rights, duties and obligations of the shareholders. |
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidation Upon
Dissolution or
Termination
Events
|
|
Under the DE Statute, a DE Trust that has
dissolved shall first pay or make
reasonable provision to pay all known
claims and obligations, including those
that are contingent, conditional and
unmatured, and all known claims and
obligations for which the claimant is
unknown. Any remaining assets shall be
distributed to the shareholders or as
otherwise provided in the governing
document.
|
|
The MA Statute has no provisions
pertaining to the liquidation of a MA
Trust. |
D-2
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|
|
|
|
|
Delaware Statutory Trust |
|
Massachusetts Business Trust |
Shareholder
Liability
|
|
Under the DE Statute, except to the
extent otherwise provided in the
governing document of a DE Trust,
shareholders of a DE Trust are entitled
to the same limitation of personal
liability extended to shareholders of a
private corporation organized for profit
under the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware.
|
|
The MA Statute does not include an
express provision relating to the
limitation of liability of the
shareholders of a MA Trust. The
shareholders of a MA Trust could
potentially be held personally liable for
the obligations of the trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee/Director
Liability
|
|
Subject to the provisions in the
governing document, the DE Statute
provides that a trustee or any other
person managing the DE Trust, when acting
in such capacity, will not be personally
liable to any person other than the DE
Trust or a shareholder of the DE Trust
for any act, omission or obligation of
the DE Trust or any trustee. To the
extent that at law or in equity a trustee
has duties (including fiduciary duties)
and liabilities to the DE Trust and its
shareholders, such duties and liabilities
may be expanded or restricted by the
governing document.
|
|
The MA Statute does not include an
express provision limiting the liability
of the trustee of a MA Trust. The
trustees of a MA Trust could potentially
be held personally liable for the
obligations of the trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
Indemnification
|
|
Subject to such standards and
restrictions as may be contained in the
governing document of a DE Trust, the DE
Statute authorizes a DE Trust to
indemnify and hold harmless any trustee,
shareholder or other person from and
against any and all claims and demands.
|
|
The MA Statute is silent as to the
indemnification of trustees, officers and
shareholders. |
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance |
|
Neither the DE Statute nor the MA Statute contain provisions regarding insurance. |
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Right
of Inspection
|
|
Under the DE Statute, except to the
extent otherwise provided in the
governing document of a DE Trust and
subject to reasonable standards
established by the trustees, each
shareholder has the right, upon
reasonable demand for any purpose
reasonably related to the shareholders
interest as a shareholder, to obtain from
the DE Trust certain information
regarding the governance and affairs of
the DE Trust, including a current list of
the name and last known address of each
beneficial owner and trustee. In
addition, the DE Statute permits the
trustees of a DE Trust to keep
confidential from shareholders for such
period of time as deemed reasonable any
information that the trustees in good
faith believe would not be in the best
interest of the DE Trust to disclose or
that could damage the DE Trust or that
the DE Trust is required by law or by
agreement with a third party to keep
confidential.
|
|
There is no provision in the MA Statute
relating to shareholder inspection
rights. |
D-3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delaware Statutory Trust |
|
Massachusetts Business Trust |
Derivative Actions
|
|
Under the DE Statute, a shareholder may
bring a derivative action if trustees
with authority to do so have refused to
bring the action or if a demand upon the
trustees to bring the action is not
likely to succeed. A shareholder may
bring a derivative action only if the
shareholder is a shareholder at the time
the action is brought and: (a) was a
shareholder at the time of the
transaction complained about or (b)
acquired the status of shareholder by
operation of law or pursuant to the
governing document from a person who was
a shareholder at the time of the
transaction. A shareholders right to
bring a derivative action may be subject
to such additional standards and
restrictions, if any, as are set forth in
the governing document.
|
|
There is no provision under the MA
Statute regarding derivative actions. |
|
|
|
|
|
Arbitration of
Claims
|
|
The DE Statute provides flexibility as to
providing for arbitration pursuant to the
governing documents of a DE Trust.
|
|
There is no provision under the MA
Statute regarding arbitration. |
|
|
|
|
|
Amendments to
Governing Documents
|
|
The DE Statute provides broad flexibility
as to the manner of amending and/or
restating the governing document of a DE
Trust. Amendments to the declaration
that do not change the information in the
DE Trusts certificate of trust are not
required to be filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State.
|
|
The MA Statute provides broad flexibility
as to the manner of amending and/or
restating the governing document of a MA
Trust. The MA Statute provides that the
trustees shall, within thirty days after
the adoption of any amendment to the
declaration of trust, file a copy with
the Secretary of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts and with the clerk of every
city or town in Massachusetts where the
trust has a usual place of business. |
D-4
EXHIBIT E
Form of Agreement and Plan of Redomestication
E-1
EXHIBIT F
Form of Agreement and Plan of Merger
F-1
EXHIBIT G
Information Regarding the Trustees
The business and affairs of the Funds are managed under the direction of the Board. The tables
below list the incumbent Trustees and nominees for Trustee, their principal occupations, other
directorships held by them during the past five years, and any affiliations with the Adviser or its
affiliates. The term Fund Complex includes each of the investment companies advised by the
Adviser as of the Record Date. Trustees of the Funds generally serve three-year terms or until
their successors are duly elected and qualified. The address of each Trustee is 1555 Peachtree
Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in |
|
|
Name, Year of Birth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex |
|
|
and Position(s) Held |
|
Trustee |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
|
Overseen by |
|
Other Trusteeship(s) |
with the Funds |
|
Since |
|
5 Years |
|
Trustee |
|
Held by Trustee |
Interested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Martin L.
Flanagan(1)
1960
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Executive Director, Chief
Executive Officer and President,
Invesco Ltd. (ultimate parent of
Invesco and a global investment
management firm); Advisor to the
Board , Invesco Advisers, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco
Institutional (N.A.), Inc.);
Trustee, The Invesco Funds; Vice
Chair, Investment Company
Institute; and Member of Executive
Board, SMU Cox School of Business.
Formerly: Chairman, Invesco
Advisers, Inc. (registered
investment adviser); Director,
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer
and President, IVZ Inc. (holding
company), INVESCO Group Services,
Inc. (service provider) and
Invesco North American Holdings,
Inc. (holding company); Director,
Chief Executive Officer and
President, Invesco Holding Company
Limited (parent of Invesco and a
global investment management
firm); Director, Invesco Ltd.;
Chairman, Investment Company
Institute and President, Co-Chief
Executive Officer, Co-President,
Chief Operating Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, Franklin
Resources, Inc. (global investment
management organization).
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Philip A.
Taylor(2)
1954
Trustee, President and
Principal Executive
Officer
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Head of North American Retail and
Senior Managing Director, Invesco
Ltd.; Director, Co-Chairman,
Co-President and Co-Chief
Executive Officer, Invesco
Advisers, Inc. (formerly known as
Invesco Institutional (N.A.),
Inc.) (registered investment
adviser); Director, Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer and
President, Invesco Management
Group, Inc. (formerly Invesco Aim
Management Group, Inc.) (financial
services holding company);
Director and President, INVESCO
Funds Group, Inc. (registered
investment
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
None. |
G-1
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in |
|
|
Name, Year of Birth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex |
|
|
and Position(s) Held |
|
Trustee |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
|
Overseen by |
|
Other Trusteeship(s) |
with the Funds |
|
Since |
|
5 Years |
|
Trustee |
|
Held by Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
adviser and registered
transfer agent); Director and
Chairman, Invesco Investment
Services, Inc. (formerly known as
Invesco Aim Investment Services,
Inc.) (registered transfer agent)
and IVZ Distributors, Inc.
(formerly known as INVESCO
Distributors, Inc.) (registered
broker dealer); Director,
President and Chairman, Invesco
Inc. (holding company) and Invesco
Canada Holdings Inc. (holding
company); Chief Executive Officer,
Invesco Corporate Class Inc.
(corporate mutual fund company)
and Invesco Canada Fund Inc.
(corporate mutual fund company);
Director, Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer, Invesco Canada
Ltd. (formerly known as Invesco
Trimark Ltd./Invesco Trimark Ltèe)
(registered investment adviser and
registered transfer agent);
Trustee, President and Principal
Executive Officer, The Invesco
Funds (other than AIM Treasurers
Series Trust (Invesco Treasurers
Series Trust) and Short-Term
Investments Trust); Trustee and
Executive Vice President, The
Invesco Funds (AIM Treasurers
Series Trust (Invesco Treasurers
Series Trust) and Short-Term
Investments Trust only); Director,
Invesco Investment Advisers LLC
(formerly known as Van Kampen
Asset Management); Director, Chief
Executive Officer and President,
Van Kampen Exchange Corp.
Formerly: Director and Chairman,
Van Kampen Investor Services Inc.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director, Chief Executive Officer
and President, 1371 Preferred Inc.
(holding company); and Van Kampen
Investments Inc.; Director and
President, AIM GP Canada Inc.
(general partner for limited
partnerships); and Van Kampen
Advisors, Inc.; Director and Chief
Executive Officer, Invesco Trimark
Dealer Inc. (registered broker
dealer); Director, Invesco
Distributors, Inc. (formerly known
as Invesco Aim Distributors, Inc.)
(registered broker dealer);
Manager, Invesco PowerShares
Capital Management LLC; Director,
Chief Executive Officer and
President, Invesco Advisers, Inc.;
Director, Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer and President,
Invesco Aim Capital Management,
Inc.; President, Invesco Trimark
Dealer Inc. and Invesco Trimark
Ltd./Invesco Trimark Ltèe;
Director and President, AIM
Trimark Corporate Class Inc. and
AIM Trimark Canada Fund Inc.;
Senior Managing Director, Invesco
Holding Company Limited; Trustee
and Executive Vice President,
Tax-Free Investments Trust;
Director and Chairman, Fund
Management Company (former
registered broker dealer);
President and Principal Executive
Officer, The Invesco Funds (AIM
Treasurers Series Trust (Invesco
Treasurers Series Trust),
Short-Term Investments Trust and
Tax-Free Investments Trust only);
President, AIM Trimark Global Fund
Inc. and AIM Trimark Canada Fund
Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
G-2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in |
|
|
Name, Year of Birth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex |
|
|
and Position(s) Held |
|
Trustee |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
|
Overseen by |
|
Other Trusteeship(s) |
with the Funds |
|
Since |
|
5 Years |
|
Trustee |
|
Held by Trustee |
Wayne W.
Whalen(3)
1939
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Of Counsel, and prior to 2010,
partner in the law firm of
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
Flom LLP, legal counsel to certain
funds in the Fund Complex.
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
Director of the
Abraham Lincoln
Presidential
Library Foundation. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Independent Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bruce L. Crockett
1944
Trustee and Chair
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Chairman, Crockett Technology
Associates (technology consulting
company).
Formerly: Director, Captaris
(unified messaging provider);
Director, President and Chief
Executive Officer COMSAT
Corporation; and Chairman, Board
of Governors of INTELSAT
(international communications
company).
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
ACE Limited
(insurance
company); and
Investment Company
Institute. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David C. Arch 1945
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Blistex Inc., a
consumer health care products
manufacturer.
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
Member of the
Heartland Alliance
Advisory Board, a
nonprofit
organization
serving human needs
based in Chicago.
Board member of the
Illinois
Manufacturers
Association. Member
of the Board of
Visitors, Institute
for the Humanities,
University of
Michigan. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frank S. Bayley 1939
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Retired.
Formerly: Director, Badgley Funds,
Inc. (registered investment
company) (2 portfolios) and
Partner, law firm of Baker &
McKenzie.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Director and
Chairman, C.D.
Stimson Company (a
real estate
investment
company). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James T. Bunch 1942
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Managing Member, Grumman Hill
Group LLC (family office private
equity management).
Formerly: Founder, Green, Manning
& Bunch Ltd. (investment banking
firm) (1988-2010); Executive
Committee, United States Golf
Association; and Director, Policy
Studies, Inc. and Van Gilder
Insurance Corporation.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Vice Chairman,
Board of Governors,
Western Golf
Association/Evans
Scholars Foundation
and Director,
Denver Film
Society. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rodney F. Dammeyer
1940
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
President of CAC, LLC, a private
company offering capital
investment and management advisory
services.
Formerly: Prior to January 2004,
Director of TeleTech Holdings
Inc.; Prior to 2002, Director of
Arris Group, Inc.; Prior to 2001,
Managing Partner at Equity Group
Corporate Investments. Prior to
1995, Vice Chairman of Anixter
International. Prior to 1985,
experience includes Senior Vice
President and
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
Director of Quidel
Corporation and
Stericycle, Inc.
Prior to May 2008,
Trustee of The
Scripps Research
Institute. Prior to
February 2008,
Director of Ventana
Medical Systems,
Inc. Prior to April
2007, Director of
GATX Corporation. |
G-3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in |
|
|
Name, Year of Birth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex |
|
|
and Position(s) Held |
|
Trustee |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
|
Overseen by |
|
Other Trusteeship(s) |
with the Funds |
|
Since |
|
5 Years |
|
Trustee |
|
Held by Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chief Financial
Officer of Household
International, Inc, Executive Vice
President and Chief Financial
Officer of Northwest Industries,
Inc. and Partner of Arthur
Andersen & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prior to April
2004, Director of
TheraSense, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albert R. Dowden
1941
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Director of a number of public and
private business corporations,
including the Boss Group, Ltd.
(private investment and
management); Reich & Tang Funds (5
portfolios) (registered investment
company); and Homeowners of
America Holding Corporation/Homeowners
of America Insurance
Company (property casualty
company).
Formerly: Director, Continental
Energy Services, LLC (oil and gas
pipeline service); Director,
CompuDyne Corporation (provider of
product and services to the public
security market) and Director,
Annuity and Life Re (Holdings),
Ltd. (reinsurance company);
Director, President and Chief
Executive Officer, Volvo Group
North America, Inc.; Senior Vice
President, AB Volvo; Director of
various public and private
corporations; Chairman, DHJ Media,
Inc.; Director Magellan Insurance
Company; and Director, The Hertz
Corporation, Genmar Corporation
(boat manufacturer), National
Media Corporation; Advisory Board
of Rotary Power International
(designer, manufacturer, and
seller of rotary power engines);
and Chairman, Cortland Trust, Inc.
(registered investment company).
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Board of Natures
Sunshine Products,
Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jack M. Fields 1952
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, Twenty
First Century Group, Inc.
(government affairs company); and
Owner and Chief Executive Officer,
Dos Angelos Ranch, L.P. (cattle,
hunting, corporate entertainment),
Discovery Global Education Fund
(non-profit) and Cross Timbers
Quail Research Ranch (non-profit).
Formerly: Chief Executive Officer,
Texana Timber LP (sustainable
forestry company) and member of
the U.S. House of Representatives.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Administaff. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carl Frischling 1937
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Partner, law firm of Kramer Levin
Naftalis and Frankel LLP.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Director, Reich &
Tang Funds (6
portfolios). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prema Mathai-Davis
1950
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Retired.
Formerly: Chief Executive Officer,
YWCA of the U.S.A.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Larry Soll
1942
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Retired.
Formerly, Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer and President,
Synergen Corp. (a biotechnology
company).
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
None. |
G-4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in |
|
|
Name, Year of Birth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex |
|
|
and Position(s) Held |
|
Trustee |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
|
Overseen by |
|
Other Trusteeship(s) |
with the Funds |
|
Since |
|
5 Years |
|
Trustee |
|
Held by Trustee |
Hugo F. Sonnenschein
1940
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
President Emeritus and Honorary
Trustee of the University of
Chicago and the Adam Smith
Distinguished Service Professor in
the Department of Economics at the
University of Chicago. Prior to
July 2000, President of the
University of Chicago.
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
Trustee of the
University of
Rochester and a
member of its
investment
committee. Member
of the National
Academy of
Sciences, the
American
Philosophical
Society and a
fellow of the
American Academy of
Arts and Sciences. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Raymond Stickel, Jr.
1944
Trustee
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Retired.
Formerly, Director, Mainstay VP
Series Funds, Inc. (25 portfolios)
and Partner, Deloitte & Touche.
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Mr. Flanagan is considered an interested person of the Funds because he is an adviser to
the board of directors of the Adviser, and an officer and a director of Invesco Ltd., the
ultimate parent company of the Adviser. |
|
(2) |
|
Mr. Taylor is considered an interested person of the Funds because he is an officer and a
director of the Adviser. |
|
(3) |
|
Mr. Whalen is considered an interested person of the Funds because he is Of Counsel at the
law firm that serves as legal counsel to the Invesco Van Kampen closed-end funds, for which
the Adviser also serves as investment adviser. |
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares
The following table shows each Board members ownership of shares of the Funds and of shares
of all registered investment companies overseen by such Board member in the Fund Complex as of
February 29, 2012.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All |
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity |
|
Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Board |
Name |
|
Securities in the Funds |
|
Member in Family of Investment Companies |
Interested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
Martin L. Flanagan |
|
|
|
|
Philip A. Taylor |
|
|
|
|
Wayne W. Whalen |
|
|
|
|
Independent Trustees |
|
|
|
|
Bruce L. Crockett |
|
|
|
|
David C. Arch |
|
|
|
|
Bob R. Baker |
|
|
|
|
Frank S. Bayley |
|
|
|
|
James T. Bunch |
|
|
|
|
Rodney Dammeyer |
|
|
|
|
Albert R. Dowden |
|
|
|
|
Jack M. Fields |
|
|
|
|
Carl Frischling |
|
|
|
|
Larry Soll |
|
|
|
|
Hugo F. Sonnenschein |
|
|
|
|
Raymond Stickel, Jr. |
|
|
|
|
G-5
EXHIBIT H
Trustee Qualifications and Experience
Interested Trustees.
Martin L. Flanagan, Trustee. Mr. Flanagan is president and chief executive officer of Invesco
Ltd., a position he has held since August 2005. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of
Invesco Ltd. Mr. Flanagan joined Invesco Ltd. from Franklin Resources, Inc., where he was president
and co-chief executive officer from January 2004 to July 2005. Previously he had been Franklins
co-president from May 2003 to January 2004, chief operating officer and chief financial officer
from November 1999 to May 2003, and senior vice president and chief financial officer from 1993
until November 1999. Mr. Flanagan served as director, executive vice president and chief operating
officer of Templeton, Galbraith & Hansberger, Ltd. before its acquisition by Franklin in 1992.
Before joining Templeton in 1983, he worked with Arthur Anderson & Co. Mr. Flanagan is a chartered
financial analyst and a certified public accountant. He serves as vice chairman of the Investment
Company Institute and is a member of the executive board at the SMU Cox School of Business. The
Board believes that Mr. Flanagans long experience as an executive in the investment management
area benefits the Funds.
Philip A. Taylor, Trustee. Mr. Taylor has been the head of Invescos North American retail
business as Senior Managing Director since April 2006. He previously served as chief executive
officer of Invesco Trimark Investments since January 2002. Mr. Taylor joined Invesco in 1999 as
senior vice president of operations and client services and later became executive vice president
and chief operating officer. Mr. Taylor was president of Canadian retail broker Investors Group
Securities from 1994 to 1997 and managing partner of Meridian Securities, an execution and clearing
broker, from 1989 to 1994. He held various management positions with Royal Trust, now part of Royal
Bank of Canada, from 1982 to 1989. He began his career in consumer brand management in the U.S. and
Canada with Richardson-Vicks, now part of Procter & Gamble. The Board believes that Mr. Taylors
long experience in the investment management business benefits the Funds.
Wayne W. Whalen, Trustee. Mr. Whalen is Of Counsel and, prior to 2010, was a partner in the law
firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP. Mr. Whalen is a Director of the Abraham Lincoln
Presidential Library Foundation. From 1995 to 2010, Mr. Whalen served as Director and Trustee of
investment companies in the Van Kampen Funds complex. The Board believes that Mr. Whalens
experience as a law firm partner and his experience as a director of investment companies benefits
the Funds.
Independent Trustees.
David C. Arch, Trustee. Currently, Mr. Arch is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
Blistex, Inc., a consumer health care products manufacturer. Mr. Arch is a member of the Heartland
Alliance Advisory Board, a nonprofit organization serving human needs based in Chicago and member
of the Board of the Illinois Manufacturers Association. Mr. Arch is also a member of the Board of
Visitors, Institute for the Humanities, University of Michigan. From 1984 to 2010, Mr. Arch served
as Director or Trustee of investment companies in the Van Kampen Funds complex. The Board believes
that Mr. Archs experience as the CEO of a public company and his experience with investment
companies benefits the Funds.
Frank S. Bayley, Trustee. Mr. Bayley is a business consultant in San Francisco. He is Chairman and
a Director of the C. D. Stimson Company, a private investment company in Seattle. Mr. Bayley serves
as a Trustee of the Seattle Art Museum, a Trustee of San Francisco Performances, and a Trustee and
Overseer of The Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. He also serves on the East Asian Art
Committee of the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Visiting Committee for Art of Asia, Oceana and
Africa of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Mr. Bayley is a retired partner of the international law
firm of Baker & McKenzie LLP, where his practice focused on business acquisitions and venture
capital transactions. Prior to joining Baker & McKenzie LLP in 1986, he was a partner of the San
Francisco law firm of Chickering & Gregory. He received his A.B. from Harvard College in 1961, his
LL.B. from Harvard
H-1
Law School in 1964, and his LL.M. from Boalt Hall at the University of California, Berkeley, in
1965. Mr. Bayley served as a Trustee of the Badgley Funds from inception in 1998 until dissolution
in 2007. The Board believes that Mr. Bayleys experience as a business consultant and a lawyer
benefits the Funds.
James T. Bunch, Trustee. From 1988 to 2010, Mr. Bunch was Founding Partner of Green Manning &
Bunch, Ltd., a leading investment banking firm located in Denver, Colorado. Green Manning & Bunch
is a FINRA-registered investment bank specializing in mergers and acquisitions, private financing
of middle-market companies and corporate finance advisory services. Immediately prior to forming
Green Manning & Bunch, Mr. Bunch was Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and a Director of
Boettcher & Company, then the leading investment banking firm in the Rocky Mountain region. Mr.
Bunch began his professional career as a practicing attorney. He joined the prominent Denver-based
law firm of Davis Graham & Stubbs in 1970 and later rose to the position of Chairman and Managing
Partner of the firm. At various other times during his career, Mr. Bunch has served as Chair of the
NASD Business District Conduct Committee, and Chair of the Colorado Bar Association Ethics
Committee. In June 2010, Mr. Bunch became the Managing Member of Grumman Hill Group LLC, a family
office private equity investment manager. The Board believes that Mr. Bunchs experience as an
investment banker and investment management lawyer benefits the Funds.
Bruce L. Crockett, Trustee and Chair. Mr. Crockett has more than 30 years of experience in finance
and general management in the banking, aerospace and telecommunications industries. From 1992 to
1996, he served as president, chief executive officer and a director of COMSAT Corporation, an
international satellite and wireless telecommunications company. Mr. Crockett has also served,
since 1996, as chairman of Crockett Technologies Associates, a strategic consulting firm that
provides services to the information technology and communications industries. Mr. Crockett also
serves on the Board of Directors of ACE Limited, a Zurich-based insurance company. He is a life
trustee of the University of Rochester Board of Directors. The Board elected Mr. Crockett to serve
as its Independent Chair because of his extensive experience in managing public companies and
familiarity with investment companies.
Rodney F. Dammeyer, Trustee. Since 2001, Mr. Dammeyer has been President of CAC, LLC, a private
company offering capital investment and management advisory services. Previously, Mr. Dammeyer
served as Managing Partner at Equity Group Corporate Investments; Chief Executive Officer of
Anixter International; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Household
International, Inc.; and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Northwest
Industries, Inc. Mr. Dammeyer was a Partner of Arthur Andersen & Co., an international accounting
firm. Mr. Dammeyer currently serves as a Director of Quidel Corporation and Stericycle, Inc.
Previously, Mr. Dammeyer served as a Trustee of The Scripps Research Institute; and a Director of
Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.; GATX Corporation; TheraSense, Inc.; TeleTech Holdings Inc.; and
Arris Group, Inc. From 1987 to 2010, Mr. Dammeyer served as Director or Trustee of investment
companies in the Van Kampen Funds complex. The Board believes that Mr. Dammeyers experience in
executive positions at a number of public companies, his accounting experience and his experience
serving as a director of investment companies benefits the Funds.
Albert R. Dowden, Trustee. Mr. Dowden retired at the end of 1998 after a 24-year career with Volvo
Group North America, Inc. and Volvo Cars of North America, Inc. Mr. Dowden joined Volvo as general
counsel in 1974 and was promoted to increasingly senior positions until 1991 when he was appointed
president, chief executive officer and director of Volvo Group North America and senior vice
president of Swedish parent company AB Volvo. Since retiring, Mr. Dowden continues to serve on the
board of the Reich & Tang Funds and also serves on the boards of Homeowners of America Insurance
Company and its parent company, as well as Natures Sunshine Products, Inc. and The Boss Group. Mr.
Dowdens charitable endeavors currently focus on Boys & Girls Clubs where he has been active for
many years, as well as several other not-for-profit organizations. Mr. Dowden began his career as
an attorney with a major international law firm, Rogers & Wells (1967-1976), which is now Clifford
Chance. The Board believes that Mr. Dowdens extensive experience as a corporate executive
benefits the Funds.
Jack M. Fields, Trustee. Mr. Fields served as a member of Congress, representing the 8th
Congressional District of Texas from 1980 to 1997. As a member of Congress, Mr. Fields served as
Chairman of the House Telecommunications and Finance Subcommittee, which has jurisdiction and
oversight of the Federal Communications Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission. Mr.
Fields co-sponsored the National Securities Markets Improvements Act of 1996, and played a
leadership role in enactment of the Private Securities
H-2
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Mr. Fields currently serves as Chief Executive Officer of the
Twenty-First Century Group in Washington, D.C., a bipartisan Washington consulting firm
specializing in Federal government affairs. Mr. Fields also serves as a Director of Administaff
(NYSE: ASF), a premier professional employer organization with clients nationwide. In addition, Mr.
Fields sits on the Board of the Discovery Channel Global Education Fund, a nonprofit organization
dedicated to providing educational resources to people in need around the world through the use of
technology. The Board believes that Mr. Fields experience in the House of Representatives,
especially concerning regulation of the securities markets, benefits the Funds.
Carl Frischling, Trustee. Mr. Frischling is senior partner of the Financial Services Group of
Kramer Levin. He is a pioneer in the field of bank-related mutual funds and has counseled clients
in developing and structuring comprehensive mutual fund complexes. Mr. Frischling also advises
mutual funds and their independent trustees/directors on their fiduciary obligations under federal
securities laws. Prior to his practicing law, he was chief administrative officer and general
counsel of a large mutual fund complex that included a retail and institutional sales force,
investment counseling and an internal transfer agent. During his ten years with the organization,
he developed business expertise in a number of areas within the financial services complex. He
served on the Investment Company Institute board and was involved in ongoing matters with all of
the regulatory areas overseeing this industry. Mr. Frischling is a board member of the Mutual Fund
Directors Forum. He also serves as a Trustee of the Reich & Tang Funds, a registered investment
company. Mr. Frischling serves as a Trustee of the Yorkville Youth Athletic Association and is a
member of the Advisory Board of Columbia University Medical Center. The Board believes that Mr.
Frischlings experience as an investment management lawyer and his long involvement with investment
companies benefits the Funds.
Dr. Prema Mathai-Davis, Trustee. Prior to her retirement in 2000, Dr. Mathai-Davis served as Chief
Executive Officer of the YWCA of the USA. Prior to joining the YWCA, Dr. Mathai-Davis served as the
Commissioner of the New York City Department for the Aging. She was a Commissioner of the New York
Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York, the largest regional transportation network in
the U.S. Dr. Mathai-Davis also serves as a Trustee of the YWCA Retirement Fund, the first and
oldest pension fund for women, and on the advisory board of the Johns Hopkins Bioethics Institute.
Dr. Mathai-Davis was the president and chief executive officer of the Community Agency for Senior
Citizens, a non-profit social service agency that she established in 1981. She also directed the
Mt. Sinai School of Medicine-Hunter College Long-Term Care Gerontology Center, one of the first of
its kind. The Board believes that Dr. Mathai-Davis extensive experience in running public and
charitable institutions benefits the Funds.
Dr. Larry Soll, Trustee. Formerly, Dr. Soll was chairman of the board (1987 to 1994), chief
executive officer (1982 to 1989; 1993 to 1994), and president (1982 to 1989) of Synergen Corp., a
biotechnology company, in Boulder, Colorado. He was also a faculty member at the University of
Colorado (1974-1980). The Board believes that Dr. Solls experience as a chairman of a public
company and in academia benefits the Funds.
Hugo F. Sonnenschein, Trustee. Mr. Sonnenschein is the President Emeritus and Honorary Trustee of
the University of Chicago and the Adam Smith Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of
Economics at the University of Chicago. Until July 2000, Mr. Sonnenschein served as President of
the University of Chicago. Mr. Sonnenschein is a Trustee of the University of Rochester and a
member of its investment committee. He is also a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the
American Philosophical Society, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. From
1994 to 2010, Mr. Sonnenschein served as Director or Trustee of investment companies in the Van
Kampen Funds complex. The Board believes that Mr. Sonnenscheins experiences in academia and in
running a university, and his experience as a director of investment companies benefits the Funds.
Raymond Stickel, Jr., Trustee. Mr. Stickel retired after a 35-year career with Deloitte & Touche.
For the last five years of his career, he was the managing partner of the investment management
practice for the New York, New Jersey and Connecticut region. In addition to his management role,
he directed audit and tax services to several mutual fund clients. Mr. Stickel began his career
with Touche Ross & Co. in Dayton, Ohio, became a partner in 1976 and managing partner of the office
in 1985. He also started and developed an investment management practice in the Dayton office that
grew to become a significant source of investment management talent for Touche Ross & Co. In Ohio,
he served as the audit partner on numerous mutual funds and on public and privately held companies
in other industries. Mr. Stickel has also served on Touche Ross & Co.s Accounting and Auditing
Executive Committee. The Board believes that Mr. Stickels experience as a partner in a large
accounting firm working with investment managers and investment companies, and his status as an Audit Committee Financial
Expert, benefits the Funds.
H-3
EXHIBIT I
Board Leadership Structure, Role in Risk Oversight, and Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership Structure
The Board will be composed of fifteen Trustees, including twelve Trustees who are not
interested persons of the Funds, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (collectively, the
Independent Trustees and each an Independent Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled
meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss
specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. The Board met [___]
times during the twelve months ended February 29, 2012. As discussed below, the Board has
established committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed an Independent Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The
Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the
Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board and matters to be acted
upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison
with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The
Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time.
Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to a Funds charter documents, the designation
of Chairman does not impose on such Independent Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that
is greater than the duties, obligations or liability otherwise imposed on such person as a member
of the Board.
The Board believes that its leadership structure, which includes an Independent Trustee as
Chairman, allows for effective communication between the Trustees and fund management, among the
Boards Trustees and among its Independent Trustees. The existing Board structure, including its
committee structure, provides the Independent Trustees with effective control over Board governance
while also providing insight from the two non-Independent Trustees who are active officers of the
Funds investment adviser. The Boards leadership structure promotes dialogue and debate, which
the Board believes will allow for the proper consideration of matters deemed important to the Funds
and their shareholders and result in effective decision-making.
Board Role in Risk Oversight
The Board considers risk management issues as part of its general oversight responsibilities
throughout the year at regular meetings of the Investments Committee, Audit Committee, Compliance
Committee, and Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee (each as defined and further
described below). These committees in turn report to the full Board and recommend actions and
approvals for the full Board to take.
Invesco prepares regular reports that address certain investment, valuation and compliance
matters, and the Board as a whole or the committees may also receive special written reports or
presentations on a variety of risk issues at the request of the Board, a committee or the Senior
Officer. In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board meets regularly with Invesco Ltd.s internal
audit group to review reports on their examinations of functions and processes within the Adviser
that affect the Funds.
The Investments Committee and its sub-committees receive regular written reports describing
and analyzing the investment performance of the Funds. In addition, the portfolio managers of the
Funds meet regularly with the sub-committees of the Investments Committee to discuss portfolio
performance, including investment risk, such as the impact on the Funds of the investment in
particular securities or instruments, such as derivatives. To the extent that a Fund changes a
particular investment strategy that could have a material impact on the Funds risk profile, the
Board generally is consulted in advance with respect to such change.
The Adviser provides regular written reports to the Valuation, Distribution and Proxy
Oversight Committee that enable the Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee to
monitor the number of fair valued securities in a particular portfolio, the reasons for the fair
valuation and the methodology used to arrive at the fair value. Such reports also include
information concerning illiquid securities within a Funds portfolio. In addition, the
I-1
Audit Committee reviews valuation procedures and pricing results with the Funds independent
auditors in connection with the Audit Committees review of the results of the audit of the Funds
year-end financial statement.
The Compliance Committee receives regular compliance reports prepared by the Advisers
compliance group and meets regularly with the Funds Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) to discuss
compliance issues, including compliance risks. As required under U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) rules, the Independent Trustees meet at least quarterly in executive session with
the CCO, and the Funds CCO prepares and presents an annual written compliance report to the Board.
The Compliance Committee recommends and the Board adopts compliance policies and procedures for the
Funds and approves such procedures for the Funds service providers. The compliance policies and
procedures are specifically designed to detect, prevent and correct violations of the federal
securities laws.
Board Committees and Meetings
The standing committees of the Board are the Audit Committee, the Compliance Committee, the
Governance Committee, the Investments Committee, and the Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Voting
Oversight Committee (the Committees).
The members of the Audit Committee are Messrs. David C. Arch, Frank S. Bayley, James T. Bunch,
Bruce L. Crockett, Rodney Dammeyer (Vice Chair), Raymond Stickel, Jr. (Chair) and Dr. Larry Soll.
The Audit Committees primary purposes are to: (i) oversee qualifications, independence and
performance of the independent registered public accountants; (ii) appoint independent registered
public accountants for the Funds; (iii) pre-approve all permissible audit and non-audit services
that are provided to Funds by their independent registered public accountants to the extent
required by Section 10A(h) and (i) of the Exchange Act; (iv) pre-approve, in accordance with Rule
2-01(c)(7)(ii) of Regulation S-X, certain non-audit services provided by the Funds independent
registered public accountants to the Adviser and certain affiliates of the Adviser; (v) review the
audit and tax plans prepared by the independent registered public accountants; (vi) review the
Funds audited financial statements; (vii) review the process that management uses to evaluate and
certify disclosure controls and procedures in Form N-CSR; (viii) review the process for preparation
and review of the Funds shareholder reports; (ix) review certain tax procedures maintained by the
Funds; (x) review modified or omitted officer certifications and disclosures; (xi) review any
internal audits of the Funds; (xii) establish procedures regarding questionable accounting or
auditing matters and other alleged violations; (xiii) set hiring policies for employees and
proposed employees of the Funds who are employees or former employees of the independent registered
public accountants; and (xiv) remain informed of (a) the Funds accounting systems and controls,
(b) regulatory changes and new accounting pronouncements that affect the Funds net asset value
calculations and financial statement reporting requirements, and (c) communications with regulators
regarding accounting and financial reporting matters that pertain to the Funds. Each member of the
Audit Committee is an Independent Trustee and each meets the additional independence requirements
for audit committee members as defined by the New York Stock Exchange listing standards. The Audit
Committee held [_____] meetings during the twelve months ended February 29, 2012.
The members of the Compliance Committee are Messrs. Bayley, Bunch, Dammeyer (Vice Chair),
Stickel and Dr. Soll (Chair). The Compliance Committee is responsible for: (i) recommending to the
Board and the Independent Trustees the appointment, compensation and removal of the Funds CCO;
(ii) recommending to the Independent Trustees the appointment, compensation and removal of the
Funds Senior Officer appointed pursuant to the terms of the Assurances of Discontinuance entered
into by the New York Attorney General, Invesco and INVESCO Funds Group, Inc.; (iii) reviewing any
report prepared by a third party who is not an interested person of the Adviser, upon the
conclusion by such third party of a compliance review of the Adviser; (iv) reviewing all reports on
compliance matters from the Funds CCO, (v) reviewing all recommendations made by the Senior
Officer regarding the Advisers compliance procedures, (vi) reviewing all reports from the Senior
Officer of any violations of state and federal securities laws, the Colorado Consumer Protection
Act, or breaches of the Advisers fiduciary duties to Fund shareholders and of the Advisers Code
of Ethics; (vii) overseeing all of the compliance policies and procedures of the Funds and their
service providers adopted pursuant to Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act; (viii) from time to time,
reviewing certain matters related to redemption fee waivers and recommending to the Board whether
or not to approve such matters; (ix) receiving and reviewing quarterly reports on the activities of
the Advisers Internal Compliance Controls Committee; (x) reviewing all reports made by the
Advisers CCO; (xi) reviewing and recommending to the Independent Trustees whether to approve
procedures to investigate matters brought to the
I-2
attention of the Advisers ombudsman; (xii) risk management oversight with respect to the Funds
and, in connection therewith, receiving and overseeing risk management reports from Invesco Ltd.
that are applicable to the Funds or their service providers; and (xiii) overseeing potential
conflicts of interest that are reported to the Compliance Committee by the Adviser, the CCO, the
Senior Officer and/or the Compliance Consultant. The Compliance Committee held [____] meetings
during the twelve months ended February 29, 2012.
The members of the Governance Committee are Messrs. Arch, Crockett, Albert R. Dowden (Chair),
Jack M. Fields (Vice Chair), Carl Frischling, Hugo F. Sonnenschein and Dr. Prema Mathai-Davis. The
Governance Committee is responsible for: (i) nominating persons who will qualify as Independent
Trustees for (a) election as Trustees in connection with meetings of shareholders of the Funds that
are called to vote on the election of Trustees, (b) appointment by the Board as Trustees in
connection with filling vacancies that arise in between meetings of shareholders; (ii) reviewing
the size of the Board, and recommending to the Board whether the size of the Board shall be
increased or decreased; (iii) nominating the Chair of the Board; (iv) monitoring the composition of
the Board and each committee of the Board, and monitoring the qualifications of all Trustees; (v)
recommending persons to serve as members of each committee of the Board (other than the Compliance
Committee), as well as persons who shall serve as the chair and vice chair of each such committee;
(vi) reviewing and recommending the amount of compensation payable to the Independent Trustees;
(vii) overseeing the selection of independent legal counsel to the Independent Trustees; (viii)
reviewing and approving the compensation paid to independent legal counsel to the Independent
Trustees; (ix) reviewing and approving the compensation paid to counsel and other advisers, if any,
to the Committees of the Board; and (x) reviewing as they deem appropriate administrative and/or
logistical matters pertaining to the operations of the Board. Each member of the Governance
Committee is an Independent Trustee and each meets the additional independence requirements for
nominating committee members as defined by the New York Stock Exchange listing standards. The
Governance Committees charter is available at www.invesco.com/us.
The Governance Committee will consider nominees recommended by a shareholder to serve as
Trustee, provided: (i) that such person is a shareholder of record at the time he or she submits
such names and is entitled to vote at the meeting of shareholders at which Trustees will be
elected; and (ii) that the Governance Committee or the Board, as applicable, shall make the final
determination of persons to be nominated. Notice procedures set forth in each Funds bylaws require
that any shareholder of a Fund desiring to nominate a Trustee for election at a shareholder meeting
must submit to the Funds Secretary the nomination in writing not later than the close of business
on the later of the 60th day prior to such shareholder meeting or the tenth day following the day
on which public announcement is made of the shareholder meeting and not earlier than the close of
business on the 90th day prior to the shareholder meeting. The Governance Committee held [____]
meetings during the twelve months ended February 29, 2012.
The members of the Investments Committee are Messrs. Arch, Bayley (Chair), Bunch (Vice Chair),
Crockett, Dammeyer, Dowden, Fields, Martin L. Flanagan, Frischling, Sonnenschein (Vice Chair),
Stickel, Philip A. Taylor, Wayne W. Whalen, and Drs. Mathai-Davis (Vice Chair) and Soll. The
Investments Committees primary purposes are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the
investment management services provided by the Adviser and the Sub-Advisers; and (ii) review all
proposed and existing advisory and sub-advisory arrangements for the Funds, and to recommend what
action the full Boards and the Independent Trustees take regarding the approval of all such
proposed arrangements and the continuance of all such existing arrangements.
The Investments Committee has established three sub-committees (the Sub-Committees). The
Sub-Committees are responsible for: (i) reviewing the performance, fees and expenses of the Funds
that have been assigned to a particular Sub-Committee (for each Sub-Committee, the Designated
Funds), unless the Investments Committee takes such action directly; (ii) reviewing with the
applicable portfolio managers from time to time the investment objective(s), policies, strategies
and limitations of the Designated Funds; (iii) evaluating the investment advisory, sub-advisory and
distribution arrangements in effect or proposed for the Designated Funds, unless the Investments
Committee takes such action directly; (iv) being familiar with the registration statements and
periodic shareholder reports applicable to their Designated Funds; and (v) such other
investment-related matters as the Investments Committee may delegate to the Sub-Committees from
time to time. The Investments Committee held [____] meetings during the twelve months ended
February 29, 2012.
I-3
The members of the Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee are Messrs. Dowden,
Fields, Frischling (Chair), Sonnenschein (Vice Chair), Whalen and Dr. Mathai-Davis. The primary
purposes of the Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee are: (a) to address issues
requiring action or oversight by the Board (i) in the valuation of the Funds portfolio securities
consistent with the Pricing Procedures, (ii) in oversight of the creation and maintenance by the
principal underwriters of the Funds of an effective distribution and marketing system to build and
maintain an adequate asset base and to create and maintain economies of scale for the Funds, (iii)
in the review of existing distribution arrangements for the Funds under Rule 12b-1 and Section 15
of the 1940 Act, and (iv) in the oversight of proxy voting on portfolio securities of the Funds;
and (b) to make regular reports to the full Board.
The Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee is responsible for: (a) with regard
to valuation, (i) developing an understanding of the valuation process and the Pricing Procedures,
(ii) reviewing the Pricing Procedures and making recommendations to the full Board with respect
thereto, (iii) reviewing the reports described in the Pricing Procedures and other information from
the Adviser regarding fair value determinations made pursuant to the Pricing Procedures by the
Advisers internal valuation committee and making reports and recommendations to the full Board
with respect thereto, (iv) receiving the reports of the Advisers internal valuation committee
requesting approval of any changes to pricing vendors or pricing methodologies as required by the
Pricing Procedures and the annual report of the Adviser evaluating the pricing vendors, approving
changes to pricing vendors and pricing methodologies as provided in the Pricing Procedures, and
recommending annually the pricing vendors for approval by the full Board; (v) upon request of the
Adviser, assisting the Advisers internal valuation committee or the full Board in resolving
particular fair valuation issues; (vi) reviewing the reports described in the Procedures for
Determining the Liquidity of Securities (the Liquidity Procedures) and other information from the
Adviser regarding liquidity determinations made pursuant to the Liquidity Procedures by the Adviser
and making reports and recommendations to the full Board with respect thereto, and (vii) overseeing
actual or potential conflicts of interest by investment personnel or others that could affect their
input or recommendations regarding pricing or liquidity issues; (b) with regard to distribution and
marketing, (i) developing an understanding of mutual fund distribution and marketing channels and
legal, regulatory and market developments regarding distribution, (ii) reviewing periodic
distribution and marketing determinations and annual approval of distribution arrangements and
making reports and recommendations to the full Board with respect thereto, and (iii) reviewing
other information from the principal underwriters to the Funds regarding distribution and marketing
of the Funds and making recommendations to the full Board with respect thereto; and (c) with regard
to proxy voting, (i) overseeing the implementation of the Proxy Voting Guidelines (the
Guidelines) and the Proxy Policies and Procedures (the Proxy Procedures) by the Adviser and the
Sub-Advisers, reviewing the Quarterly Proxy Voting Report and making recommendations to the full
Board with respect thereto, (ii) reviewing the Guidelines and the Proxy Procedures and information
provided by the Adviser and the Sub-Advisers regarding industry developments and best practices in
connection with proxy voting and making recommendations to the full Board with respect thereto, and
(iii) in implementing its responsibilities in this area, assisting the Adviser in resolving
particular proxy voting issues. The Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee was
formed effective January 1, 2008. It succeeded the Valuation Committee, which existed prior to
2008. The Valuation, Distribution and Proxy Oversight Committee held [____] meetings during the
twelve months ended February 29, 2012.
Trustees are encouraged to attend shareholder meetings, but the Board has no set policy
requiring Board member attendance at meetings. During each Funds last fiscal year, each of the
Trustees during the period such Trustee served as a Trustee attended at least 75% of the meetings
of the Board and all committee meetings thereof of which such Trustee was a member.
I-4
EXHIBIT J
Remuneration of Trustees
Each Trustee who is not affiliated with the Adviser is compensated for his or her services
according to a fee schedule that recognizes the fact that such Trustee also serves as a Trustee of
other Invesco Funds. Each such Trustee receives a fee, allocated among the Invesco Funds for which
he or she serves as a Trustee, that consists of an annual retainer component and a meeting fee
component. The Chair of the Board and Chairs and Vice Chairs of certain committees receive
additional compensation for their services.
The Trustees have adopted a retirement plan funded by the Funds for the Trustees who are not
affiliated with the Adviser. The Trustees also have adopted a retirement policy that permits each
non-Invesco-affiliated Trustee to serve until December 31 of the year in which the Trustee turns
75. A majority of the Trustees may extend from time to time the retirement date of a Trustee.
Annual retirement benefits are available from the Funds and/or the other Invesco Funds for
which a Trustee serves (each, a Covered Fund), for each Trustee who is not an employee or officer
of the Adviser, who either (a) became a Trustee prior to December 1, 2008, and who has at least
five years of credited service as a Trustee (including service to a predecessor fund) of a Covered
Fund, or (b) was a member of the Board of Trustees of a Van Kampen Fund immediately prior to June
1, 2010 (Former Van Kampen Trustee), and has at least one year of credited service as a Trustee
of a Covered Fund after June 1, 2010.
For Trustees other than Former Van Kampen Trustees, effective January 1, 2006, for
retirements after December 31, 2005, the retirement benefits will equal 75% of the Trustees annual
retainer paid to or accrued by any Covered Fund with respect to such Trustee during the
twelve-month period prior to retirement, including the amount of any retainer deferred under a
separate deferred compensation agreement between the Covered Fund and the Trustee. The amount of
the annual retirement benefit does not include additional compensation paid for Board meeting fees
or compensation paid to the Chair of the Board and the Chairs and Vice Chairs of certain Board
committees, whether such amounts are paid directly to the Trustee or deferred. The annual
retirement benefit is payable in quarterly installments for a number of years equal to the lesser
of (i) sixteen years or (ii) the number of such Trustees credited years of service. If a Trustee
dies prior to receiving the full amount of retirement benefits, the remaining payments will be made
to the deceased Trustees designated beneficiary for the same length of time that the Trustee would
have received the payments based on his or her service or, if the Trustee has elected, in a
discounted lump sum payment. A Trustee must have attained the age of 65 (60 in the event of death
or disability) to receive any retirement benefit. A Trustee may make an irrevocable election to
commence payment of retirement benefits upon retirement from the Board before age 72; in such a
case, the annual retirement benefit is subject to a reduction for early payment.
If the Former Van Kampen Trustee completes at least 10 years of credited service after June 1,
2010, the retirement benefit will equal 75% of the Former Van Kampen Trustees annual retainer paid
to or accrued by any Covered Fund with respect to such Trustee during the twelve-month period prior
to retirement, including the amount of any retainer deferred under a separate deferred compensation
agreement between the Covered Fund and such Trustee. The amount of the annual retirement benefit
does not include additional compensation paid for Board meeting fees or compensation paid to the
Chair of the Board and the Chairs and Vice Chairs of certain Board committees, whether such amounts
are paid directly to the Trustee or deferred. The annual retirement benefit is payable in quarterly
installments for 10 years beginning after the later of the Former Van Kampen Trustees termination
of service or attainment of age 72 (or age 60 in the event of disability or immediately in the
event of death). If a Former Van Kampen Trustee dies prior to receiving the full amount of
retirement benefits, the remaining payments will be made to the deceased Trustees designated
beneficiary or, if the Trustee has elected, in a discounted lump sum payment.
If the Former Van Kampen Trustee completes less than 10 years of credited service after June
1, 2010, the retirement benefit will be payable at the applicable time described in the preceding
paragraph, but will be paid in two components successively. For the period of time equal to the
Former Van Kampen Trustees years of credited
J-1
service after June 1, 2010, the first component of the annual retirement benefit will equal 75% of
the compensation amount described in the preceding paragraph. Thereafter, for the period of time
equal to the Former Van Kampen Trustees years of credited service after June 1, 2010, the second
component of the annual retirement benefit will equal the excess of (x) 75% of the compensation
amount described in the preceding paragraph, over (y) $68,041 plus an interest factor of 4% per
year compounded annually measured from June 1, 2010 through the first day of each year for which
payments under this second component are to be made. In no event, however, will the retirement
benefits under the two components be made for a period of time greater than 10 years. For example,
if the Former Van Kampen Trustee completes 7 years of credited service after June 1, 2010, he or
she will receive 7 years of payments under the first component and thereafter 3 years of payments
under the second component, and if the Former Van Kampen Trustee completes 4 years of credited
service after June 1, 2010, he or she will receive 4 years of payments under the first component
and thereafter 4 years of payments under the second component.
Deferred Compensation Agreements. Edward K. Dunn (a former Trustee of funds in the Invesco Funds
complex), Messrs. Crockett, Fields and Frischling, and Drs. Mathai-Davis and Soll (for purposes of
this paragraph only, the Deferring Trustees) have each executed a Deferred Compensation Agreement
(collectively, the Compensation Agreements). Pursuant to the Compensation Agreements, the
Deferring Trustees have the option to elect to defer receipt of up to 100% of their compensation
payable by the Funds, and such amounts are placed into a deferral account and deemed to be invested
in one or more Invesco Funds selected by the Deferring Trustees.
Distributions from these deferral accounts will be paid in cash, generally in equal quarterly
installments over a period of up to ten (10) years (depending on the Compensation Agreement)
beginning on the date selected under the Compensation Agreement. If a Deferring Trustee dies prior
to the distribution of amounts in his or her deferral account, the balance of the deferral account
will be distributed to his or her designated beneficiary. The Compensation Agreements are not
funded and, with respect to the payments of amounts held in the deferral accounts, the Deferring
Trustees have the status of unsecured creditors of the Funds and of each other Invesco Fund from
which they are deferring compensation.
Set forth below is information regarding compensation paid or accrued for each Trustee of the
Funds during the fiscal year ended February 29, 2012.
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Pension or |
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Estimated |
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Total |
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Retirement |
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Annual |
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Compensation |
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Benefits |
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Benefits from |
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Before Deferral |
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Aggregate |
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Aggregate |
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Aggregate |
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Accrued by |
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Invesco Funds |
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from Invesco |
Name of |
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Compensation |
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Compensation |
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Compensation |
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All Invesco |
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Upon |
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Funds Paid to |
Trustee |
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from IQI |
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from IQM |
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from IQT |
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Funds(2) |
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Retirement(3) |
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Trustee(4) |
Interested Trustees |
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Martin L. Flanagan
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None
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None
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None
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None
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None
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None |
Philip A. Taylor
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None
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None
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None
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None
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None
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None |
Wayne W. Whalen |
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Independent Trustees |
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David C. Arch |
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Frank S. Bayley |
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James T. Bunch |
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Bruce L. Crockett |
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Rodney F. Dammeyer |
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Albert R. Dowden |
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Jack M. Fields |
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J-2
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Pension or |
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Estimated |
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Total |
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Retirement |
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Annual |
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Compensation |
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Benefits |
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Benefits from |
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Before Deferral |
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Aggregate |
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Aggregate |
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Aggregate |
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Accrued by |
|
Invesco Funds |
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from Invesco |
Name of |
|
Compensation |
|
Compensation |
|
Compensation |
|
All Invesco |
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Upon |
|
Funds Paid to |
Trustee |
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from IQI |
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from IQM |
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from IQT |
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Funds(2) |
|
Retirement(3) |
|
Trustee(4) |
Carl
Frischling(5) |
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Prema Mathai-Davis |
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Larry Soll |
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Hugo F. Sonnenschein |
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Raymond Stickel, Jr. |
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(1) |
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The total amount of compensation deferred by all Trustees of the Funds during
the fiscal year ended February 29, 2012, including earnings, was $[_____]. |
|
(2) |
|
During the fiscal year ended February 29, 2012, the total amount of expenses
allocated to the Funds in respect of such retirement benefits was $[_____]. |
|
(3) |
|
These amounts represent the estimated annual benefits payable by the Funds upon the
Trustees retirement and assumes each Trustee serves until his or her normal retirement date. |
|
(4) |
|
All Trustees, except Messrs. Arch, Dammeyer, Sonnenschein and Whalen, currently
serve as Trustees of 140 registered investment companies advised by the Adviser. Messrs.
Arch, Dammeyer, Sonnenschein and Whalen currently serve as Trustees of 158 registered
investment companies advised by the Adviser. |
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(5) |
|
During the fiscal year ended February 29, 2012, the Funds paid $[_____] in legal
fees to Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP for services rendered by such firm as counsel to
the Independent Trustees of the Funds. Mr. Frischling is a partner of such firm. |
J-3
EXHIBIT K
Executive Officers of the Funds
The following information relates to the executive officers of the Funds. Each officer also
serves in the same capacity for all or a number of the other investment companies advised by the
Adviser or affiliates of the Adviser. The officers of the Funds are appointed annually by the
Trustees and serve for one year or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified. The
address of each officer is 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309.
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Name, Year of Birth and |
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Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
Officer Since |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Russell C. Burk 1958
Senior Vice President and
Senior Officer
|
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|
2010 |
|
|
Senior Vice President and Senior Officer, The Invesco Funds. |
|
|
|
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John M. Zerr 1962
Senior Vice President,
Chief Legal Officer and
Secretary
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Director, Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel,
Invesco Management Group, Inc. (formerly known as Invesco Aim
Management Group, Inc.) and Van Kampen Exchange Corp.; Senior
Vice President, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (formerly known as Invesco
Institutional (N.A.), Inc.) (registered investment adviser);
Senior Vice President and Secretary, Invesco Distributors, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco Aim Distributors, Inc.); Director,
Vice President and Secretary, Invesco Investment Services, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco Aim Investment Services, Inc.) and IVZ
Distributors, Inc. (formerly known as INVESCO Distributors,
Inc.); Director and Vice President, INVESCO Funds Group, Inc.;
Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary, The
Invesco Funds; Manager, Invesco PowerShares Capital Management
LLC; Director, Secretary and General Counsel, Invesco Investment
Advisers LLC (formerly known as Van Kampen Asset Management);
Secretary and General Counsel, Van Kampen Funds Inc. and Chief
Legal Officer, PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust,
PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, PowerShares India
Exchange-Traded Fund Trust and PowerShares Actively Managed
Exchange-Traded Fund Trust.
Formerly: Director and Secretary, Van Kampen Advisors Inc.;
Director Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel Van Kampen
Investor Services Inc.; Director, Invesco Distributors, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco Aim Distributors, Inc.); Director,
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Invesco
Advisers, Inc.; and Van Kampen Investments Inc.; Director, Vice
President and Secretary, Fund Management Company; Director,
Senior Vice President, Secretary, General Counsel and Vice
President, Invesco Aim Capital Management, Inc.; Chief Operating
Officer and General Counsel, Liberty Ridge Capital, Inc. (an
investment adviser); Vice President and Secretary, PBHG Funds (an
investment company) and PBHG Insurance Series Fund (an investment
company); Chief Operating Officer, General Counsel and Secretary,
Old Mutual Investment Partners (a broker-dealer); General Counsel
and Secretary, Old Mutual Fund Services (an administrator) and
Old Mutual Shareholder Services (a shareholder servicing center);
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Old
Mutual Capital, Inc. (an investment adviser); and Vice President
and Secretary, Old Mutual Advisors Funds (an investment company). |
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Sheri Morris 1964
Vice President, Treasurer
and Principal Financial
Officer
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Vice President, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer, The
Invesco Funds; Vice President, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (formerly
known as Invesco Institutional (N.A.), Inc.) (registered
investment adviser). |
K-1
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Name, Year of Birth and |
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|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
Officer Since |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
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|
Formerly: Treasurer, PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust,
PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, PowerShares India
Exchange-Traded Fund Trust and PowerShares Actively Managed
Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Vice President, Invesco Advisers,
Inc., Invesco Aim Capital Management, Inc. and Invesco Aim
Private Asset Management, Inc.; Assistant Vice President and
Assistant Treasurer, The Invesco Funds and Assistant Vice
President, Invesco Advisers, Inc., Invesco Aim Capital
Management, Inc. and Invesco Aim Private Asset Management, Inc. |
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|
Karen Dunn Kelley 1960
Vice President
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Head of Invescos World Wide
Fixed Income and Cash
Management Group; Senior Vice
President, Invesco Management
Group, Inc. (formerly known
as Invesco Aim Management
Group, Inc.) and Invesco
Advisers, Inc. (formerly
known as Invesco
Institutional (N.A.), Inc.)
(registered investment
adviser); Executive Vice
President, Invesco
Distributors, Inc. (formerly
known as Invesco Aim
Distributors, Inc.);
Director, Invesco Mortgage
Capital Inc.; Vice President,
The Invesco Funds (other than
AIM Treasurers Series Trust
(Invesco Treasurers Series
Trust) and Short-Term |
|
|
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|
Investments Trust); and
President and Principal
Executive Officer, The
Invesco Funds (AIM
Treasurers Series Trust
(Invesco Treasurers Series
Trust) and Short-Term
Investments Trust only).
Formerly: Senior Vice
President, Van Kampen
Investments Inc.; Vice
President, Invesco Advisers,
Inc. (formerly known as
Invesco Institutional (N.A.),
Inc.); Director of Cash
Management and Senior Vice
President, Invesco Advisers,
Inc. and Invesco Aim Capital
Management, Inc.; President
and Principal Executive
Officer, Tax-Free Investments
Trust; Director and
President, Fund Management
Company; Chief Cash
Management Officer, Director
of Cash Management, Senior
Vice President, and Managing
Director, Invesco Aim Capital
Management, Inc.; Director of
Cash Management, Senior Vice
President, and Vice
President, Invesco Advisers,
Inc. and The Invesco Funds
(AIM Treasurers Series Trust
(Invesco Treasurers Series
Trust), Short-Term
Investments Trust and
Tax-Free Investments Trust
only). |
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Yinka Akinsola 1977
Anti-Money Laundering
Compliance Officer
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer, Invesco Advisers, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco Institutional (N.A.), Inc.)
(registered investment adviser); Invesco Distributors, Inc.
(formerly known as Invesco Aim Distributors, Inc.), Invesco
Investment Services, Inc. (formerly known as Invesco Aim
Investment Services, Inc.), Invesco Management Group, Inc., The
Invesco Funds, Invesco Van Kampen Closed-End Funds, Van Kampen
Exchange Corp. and Van Kampen Funds Inc.
Formerly: Regulatory Analyst III, Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority (FINRA). |
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Todd L. Spillane 1958
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Senior Vice President, Invesco Management Group, Inc. (formerly
known as Invesco Aim Management Group, Inc.) and Van Kampen
Exchange Corp.; Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance
Officer, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (registered investment adviser)
(formerly known as Invesco Institutional (N.A.), Inc.); Chief
Compliance Officer, The Invesco Funds, INVESCO Private Capital
Investments, Inc. (holding company) and Invesco Private Capital,
Inc. (registered investment adviser); Vice President, Invesco
Distributors, Inc. (formerly known as Invesco Aim Distributors,
Inc.) and Invesco Investment Services, Inc. (formerly known as
Invesco Aim Investment Services, Inc.).
Formerly: Chief Compliance Officer, Invesco Van Kampen Closed-End
Funds, PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, PowerShares
Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, PowerShares India Exchange-Traded
Fund Trust, and PowerShares Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund |
K-2
|
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|
|
Name, Year of Birth and |
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|
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
Officer Since |
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
|
|
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|
|
|
Trust; Senior Vice President, Van Kampen Investments Inc.; Senior
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, Invesco Advisers,
Inc. and Invesco Aim Capital Management, Inc.; Chief Compliance
Officer, Invesco Global Asset Management (N.A.), Inc., Invesco
Senior Secured Management, Inc. (registered investment adviser)
and Van Kampen Investor Services Inc.; Vice President, Invesco
Aim Capital Management, Inc. and Fund Management Company. |
K-3
EXHIBIT L
Independent Auditor Information
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Audit Committee of the Board of Trustees of each Fund appointed, and the Board of Trustees
ratified and approved, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) as the independent registered public
accounting firm of the Fund for fiscal years ending after May 31, 2010. Prior to May 31, 2010, each
Fund was audited by a different independent registered public accounting firm (the Prior
Auditor). The Board of Trustees selected a new independent auditor in connection with the
appointment of Invesco Advisers as investment adviser to the Fund (New Advisory Agreement).
Effective June 1, 2010, the Prior Auditor resigned as the independent registered public accounting
firm of the Fund.
The Prior Auditors report on the financial statements of each Fund for the prior two years
did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and was not qualified or modified as
to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. During the period the Prior Auditor was
engaged, there were no disagreements with the Prior Auditor on any matter of accounting principles
or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures which, if not
resolved to the Prior Auditors satisfaction, would have caused it to make reference to that matter
in connection with its report.
Audit and Other Fees
The Funds and Covered Entities (the Adviser, excluding sub-advisers unaffiliated with the
Adviser, and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Adviser that
provides ongoing services to the Funds) were billed the amounts listed below by PwC and the Prior
Auditor during each Funds fiscal year ended February 29, 2012, stub fiscal year ended February 28,
2011, and the prior fiscal year. Effective February 28, 2011, the fiscal year end of each Fund was
changed to February 28.
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|
|
Non-Audit Fees |
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
Audit Related |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Non- |
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|
|
|
Fund |
|
Fiscal Year End |
|
Audit Fees |
|
Fees(1) |
|
Tax Fees(2) |
|
All Other |
|
Audit |
|
Total |
|
IQI |
|
02/29/12 |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
IQI |
|
11/01/10 to 02/28/11 |
|
$ |
19,250 |
|
|
$ |
4,000 |
|
|
$ |
2,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
6,300 |
|
|
$ |
25,550 |
|
IQI |
|
10/31/10 |
|
|
$ |
35,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
39,300 |
|
IQM |
|
02/29/12 |
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IQM |
|
11/01/10 to 02/28/11 |
|
$ |
19,250 |
|
|
$ |
4,000 |
|
|
$ |
2,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
6,300 |
|
|
$ |
25,550 |
|
IQM |
|
10/31/10 |
|
|
$ |
35,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
39,300 |
|
IQT |
|
02/29/12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IQT |
|
11/01/10 to 02/28/11 |
|
$ |
19,250 |
|
|
$ |
4,000 |
|
|
$ |
2,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2,300 |
|
|
$ |
25,550 |
|
IQT |
|
10/31/10 |
|
|
$ |
35,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
39,300 |
|
Covered Entities |
|
02/29/12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Covered Entities |
|
11/01/10 to 02/28/11 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Covered Entities |
|
10/31/10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Audit-Related Fees represent assurance and related services that are reasonably related to
the performance of the audit of the financial statements of the Covered Entities and funds
advised by the Adviser or its affiliates, specifically data verification and agreed-upon
procedures related to asset securitizations and agreed-upon procedures engagements. |
|
(2) |
|
Tax Fees represent tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice services provided in
connection with the preparation and review of the tax returns of the Fund, or, with respect to
the information for Covered Entities, the tax returns of Covered Entities. |
L-1
The Audit Committee of each Board has considered whether the provision of non-audit services
performed by PwC to such Funds and Covered Entities is compatible with maintaining PwCs
independence in performing audit services. Each Funds Audit Committee also is required to
pre-approve services to Covered Entities to the extent that the services are determined to have a
direct impact on the operations or financial reporting of such Fund and 100% of such services were
pre-approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to the Audit Committees pre-approval policies and
procedures. Each Boards pre-approval policies and procedures are included as part of the Boards
Audit Committee charter, which is available at www.invesco.com/us. The members of the Audit
Committee are David C. Arch, Frank S. Bayley, James T. Bunch, Bruce L. Crockett, Rodney Dammeyer,
Raymond Stickel, Jr., and Dr. Larry Soll.
The Audit Committee of each Fund reviewed and discussed the last audited financial statements
of each Fund with management and with PwC. In the course of its discussions, each Funds Audit
Committee has discussed with PwC its judgments as to the quality, not just the acceptability, of
such Funds accounting principles and such other matters as are required to be discussed with the
Audit Committee by Statement on Auditing Standards No. 114 (The Auditors Communication With Those
Charged With Governance). Each Funds Audit Committee received the written disclosures and the
letter from PwC required under Public Company Accounting Oversight Boards Ethics & Independence
Rule 3526 and has discussed with PwC its independence with respect to such Fund. Each Fund knows
of no direct financial or material indirect financial interest of PwC in such Fund. Based on this
review, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of each Fund that such Funds audited
financial statements be included in such Funds Annual Report to Shareholders for the most recent
fiscal year for filing with the SEC.
It is not expected that representatives of PwC will attend the Meeting. In the event
representatives of PwC do attend the Meeting, they will have the opportunity to make a statement if
they desire to do so and will be available to answer appropriate questions.
L-2
EXHIBIT M
MBCA Dissenters Rights
BUSINESS CORPORATION ACT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
PART 13
SUBDIVISION A: RIGHT TO DISSENT AND OBTAIN PAYMENT FOR SHARES
Section 13.01. DEFINITIONS
In this PART the following words shall have the following meanings unless the context requires
otherwise:
Affiliate, any person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is
controlled by, or is under common control of or with another person.
Beneficial shareholder, the person who is a beneficial owner of shares held in a voting trust or
by a nominee as the record shareholder.
Corporation, the issuer of the shares held by a shareholder demanding appraisal and, for matters
covered in sections 13.22 to 13.31, inclusive, includes the surviving entity in a merger.
Fair value, with respect to shares being appraised, the value of the shares immediately before
the effective date of the corporate action to which the shareholder demanding appraisal objects,
excluding any element of value arising from the expectation or accomplishment of the proposed
corporate action unless exclusion would be inequitable.
Interest, interest from the effective date of the corporate action until the date of payment, at
the average rate currently paid by the corporation on its principal bank loans or, if none, at a
rate that is fair and equitable under all the circumstances.
Marketable securities, securities held of record by, or by financial intermediaries or
depositories on behalf of, at least 1,000 persons and which were (a) listed on a national
securities exchange, (b) designated as a national market system security on an interdealer
quotation system by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or (c) listed on a
regional securities exchange or traded in an interdealer quotation system or other trading system
and had at least 250,000 outstanding shares, exclusive of shares held by officers, directors and
affiliates, which have a market value of at least $5,000,000.
Officer, the chief executive officer, president, chief operating officer, chief financial
officer, and any vice president in charge of a principal business unit or function of the issuer.
Person, any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity.
Record shareholder, the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of a
corporation or the beneficial owner of shares to the extent of the rights granted by a nominee
certificate on file with a corporation.
Shareholder, the record shareholder or the beneficial shareholder.
Section 13.02. RIGHT TO APPRAISAL
(a) A shareholder is entitled to appraisal rights, and obtain payment of the fair value of his
shares in the event of, any of the following corporate or other actions:
(1) consummation of a plan of merger to which the corporation is a party if shareholder approval is
required for the merger by section 11.04 or the articles of organization or if the corporation is a
subsidiary that is merged with its parent under section 11.05, unless, in either case, (A) all
shareholders are to receive only cash for their shares in
M-1
amounts equal to what they would receive upon a dissolution of the corporation or, in the case of
shareholders already holding marketable securities in the merging corporation, only marketable
securities of the surviving corporation and/or cash and (B) no director, officer or controlling
shareholder has a direct or indirect material financial interest in the merger other than in his
capacity as (i) a shareholder of the corporation, (ii) a director, officer, employee or consultant
of either the merging or the surviving corporation or of any affiliate of the surviving corporation
if his financial interest is pursuant to bona fide arrangements with either corporation or any such
affiliate, or (iii) in any other capacity so long as the shareholder owns not more than five
percent of the voting shares of all classes and series of the corporation in the aggregate;
(2) consummation of a plan of share exchange in which his shares are included unless: (A) both his
existing shares and the shares, obligations or other securities to be acquired are marketable
securities; and (B) no director, officer or controlling shareholder has a direct or indirect
material financial interest in the share exchange other than in his capacity as (i) a shareholder
of the corporation whose shares are to be exchanged, (ii) a director, officer, employee or
consultant of either the corporation whose shares are to be exchanged or the acquiring corporation
or of any affiliate of the acquiring corporation if his financial interest is pursuant to bona fide
arrangements with either corporation or any such affiliate, or (iii) in any other capacity so long
as the shareholder owns not more than five percent of the voting shares of all classes and series
of the corporation whose shares are to be exchanged in the aggregate;
(3) consummation of a sale or exchange of all, or substantially all, of the property of the
corporation if the sale or exchange is subject to section 12.02, or a sale or exchange of all, or
substantially all, of the property of a corporation in dissolution, unless:
(i) his shares are then redeemable by the corporation at a price not greater than the cash to be
received in exchange for his shares; or
(ii) the sale or exchange is pursuant to court order; or
(iii) in the case of a sale or exchange of all or substantially all the property of the corporation
subject to section 12.02, approval of shareholders for the sale or exchange is conditioned upon the
dissolution of the corporation and the distribution in cash or, if his shares are marketable
securities, in marketable securities and/or cash, of substantially all of its net assets, in excess
of a reasonable amount reserved to meet unknown claims under section 14.07, to the shareholders in
accordance with their respective interests within one year after the sale or exchange and no
director, officer or controlling shareholder has a direct or indirect material financial interest
in the sale or exchange other than in his capacity as (i) a shareholder of the corporation, (ii) a
director, officer, employee or consultant of either the corporation or the acquiring corporation or
of any affiliate of the acquiring corporation if his financial interest is pursuant to bona fide
arrangements with either corporation or any such affiliate, or (iii) in any other capacity so long
as the shareholder owns not more than five percent of the voting shares of all classes and series
of the corporation in the aggregate;
(4) an amendment of the articles of organization that materially and adversely affects rights in
respect of a shareholders shares because it: (i) creates, alters or abolishes the stated rights
or preferences of the shares with respect to distributions or to dissolution, including making
non-cumulative in whole or in part a dividend theretofore stated as cumulative; (ii) creates,
alters or abolishes a stated right in respect of conversion or redemption, including any provision
relating to any sinking fund or purchase, of the shares; (iii) alters or abolishes a preemptive
right of the holder of the shares to acquire shares or other securities; (iv) excludes or limits
the right of the holder of the shares to vote on any matter, or to cumulate votes, except as such
right may be limited by voting rights given to new shares then being authorized of an existing or
new class; or (v) reduces the number of shares owned by the shareholder to a fraction of a share
if the fractional share so created is to be acquired for cash under section 6.04;
(5) an amendment of the articles of organization or of the bylaws or the entering into by the
corporation of any agreement to which the shareholder is not a party that adds restrictions on the
transfer or registration or any outstanding shares held by the shareholder or amends any
pre-existing restrictions on the transfer or registration of his shares in a manner which is
materially adverse to the ability of the shareholder to transfer his shares;
M-2
(6) any corporate action taken pursuant to a shareholder vote to the extent the articles of
organization, bylaws or a resolution of the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting
shareholders are entitled to appraisal;
(7) consummation of a conversion of the corporation to nonprofit status pursuant to subdivision B
of PART 9; or
(8) consummation of a conversion of the corporation into a form of other entity pursuant to
subdivision D of PART 9.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (a) of section 13.03, in the event of corporate
action specified in clauses (1), (2), (3), (7) or (8) of subsection (a), a shareholder may assert
appraisal rights only if he seeks them with respect to all of his shares of whatever class or
series.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (a) of section 13.03, in the event of an amendment
to the articles of organization specified in clause (4) of subsection (a) or in the event of an
amendment of the articles of organization or the bylaws or an agreement to which the shareholder is
not a party specified in clause (5) of subsection (a), a shareholder may assert appraisal rights
with respect to those shares adversely affected by the amendment or agreement only if he seeks them
as to all of such shares and, in the case of an amendment to the articles of organization or the
bylaws, has not voted any of his shares of any class or series in favor of the proposed amendment.
(d) The shareholders right to obtain payment of the fair value of his shares shall terminate upon
the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the proposed action is abandoned or rescinded;
or (ii) a court having jurisdiction permanently enjoins or sets aside the action; or (iii) the
shareholders demand for payment is withdrawn with the written consent of the corporation.
(e) A shareholder entitled to appraisal rights under this chapter may not challenge the action
creating his entitlement unless the action is unlawful or fraudulent with respect to the
shareholder or the corporation.
Section 13.03. ASSERTION OF RIGHTS BY NOMINEES AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS
(a) A record shareholder may assert appraisal rights as to fewer than all the shares registered in
the record shareholders name but owned by a beneficial shareholder only if the record shareholder
objects with respect to all shares of the class or series owned by the beneficial shareholder and
notifies the corporation in writing of the name and address of each beneficial shareholder on whose
behalf appraisal rights are being asserted. The rights of a record shareholder who asserts
appraisal rights for only part of the shares held of record in the record shareholders name under
this subsection shall be determined as if the shares as to which the record shareholder objects and
the record shareholders other shares were registered in the names of different record
shareholders.
(b) A beneficial shareholder may assert appraisal rights as to shares of any class or series held
on behalf of the shareholder only if such shareholder: (1) submits to the corporation the record
shareholders written consent to the assertion of such rights no later than the date referred to in
subclause (ii) of clause (2) of subsection (b) of section 13.22; and (2) does so with respect to
all shares of the class or series that are beneficially owned by the beneficial shareholder.
SUBDIVISION B: PROCEDURE FOR EXERCISE OF APPRAISAL RIGHTS
Section 13.20. NOTICE OF APPRAISAL RIGHTS
(a) If proposed corporate action described in subsection (a) of section 13.02 is to be submitted to
a vote at a shareholders meeting or through the solicitation of written consents, the meeting
notice or solicitation of consents shall state that the corporation has concluded that shareholders
are, are not or may be entitled to assert appraisal rights under this Part and refer to the
necessity of the shareholder delivering, before the vote is taken, written notice of his intent to
demand payment and to the requirement that he not vote his shares in favor of the proposed action.
If the corporation concludes that appraisal rights are or may be available, a copy of this Part
shall accompany the meeting notice sent to those record shareholders entitled to exercise appraisal
rights.
M-3
(b) In a merger pursuant to section 11.05, the parent corporation shall notify in writing all
record shareholders of the subsidiary who are entitled to assert appraisal rights that the
corporate action became effective. Such notice shall be sent within 10 days after the corporate
action became effective and include the materials described in section 13.22.
Section 13.21. NOTICE OF INTENT TO DEMAND PAYMENT
(a) If proposed corporate action requiring appraisal rights under section 13.02 is submitted to
vote at a shareholders meeting, a shareholder who wishes to assert appraisal rights with respect
to any class or series of shares: (1) shall deliver to the corporation before the vote is taken
written notice of the shareholders intent to demand payment if the proposed action is effectuated;
and (2) shall not vote, or cause or permit to be voted, any shares of such class or series in
favor of the proposed action.
(b) A shareholder who does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (a) is not entitled to
payment under this chapter.
Section 13.22. APPRAISAL NOTICE AND FORM
(a) If proposed corporate action requiring appraisal rights under subsection (a) of section 13.02
becomes effective, the corporation shall deliver a written appraisal notice and form required by
clause (1) of subsection (b) to all shareholders who satisfied the requirements of section 13.21
or, if the action was taken by written consent, did not consent. In the case of a merger under
section 11.05, the parent shall deliver a written appraisal notice and form to all record
shareholders who may be entitled to assert appraisal rights.
(b) The appraisal notice shall be sent no earlier than the date the corporate action became
effective and no later than 10 days after such date and must:
(1) supply a form that specifies the date of the first announcement to shareholders of the
principal terms of the proposed corporate action and requires the shareholder asserting appraisal
rights to certify (A) whether or not beneficial ownership of those shares for which appraisal
rights are asserted was acquired before that date and (B) that the shareholder did not vote for the
transaction;
(2) state: (i) where the form shall be sent and where certificates for certificated shares shall
be deposited and the date by which those certificates shall be deposited, which date may not be
earlier than the date for receiving the required form under subclause (ii); (ii) a date by which
the corporation shall receive the form which date may not be fewer than 40 nor more than 60 days
after the date the subsection (a) appraisal notice and form are sent, and state that the
shareholder shall have waived the right to demand appraisal with respect to the shares unless the
form is received by the corporation by such specified date; (iii) the corporations estimate of
the fair value of the shares; (iv) that, if requested in writing, the corporation will provide, to
the shareholder so requesting, within 10 days after the date specified in clause (ii) the number of
shareholders who return the forms by the specified date and the total number of shares owned by
them; and (v) the date by which the notice to withdraw under section 13.23 shall be received,
which date shall be within 20 days after the date specified in subclause (ii) of this subsection;
and
(3) be accompanied by a copy of this chapter.
Section 13.23. PERFECTION OF RIGHTS; RIGHT TO WITHDRAW
(a) A shareholder who receives notice pursuant to section 13.22 and who wishes to exercise
appraisal rights shall certify on the form sent by the corporation whether the beneficial owner of
the shares acquired beneficial ownership of the shares before the date required to be set forth in
the notice pursuant to clause (1) of subsection (b) of section 13.22. If a shareholder fails to
make this certification, the corporation may elect to treat the shareholders shares as
after-acquired shares under section 13.25. In addition, a shareholder who wishes to exercise
appraisal rights shall execute and return the form and, in the case of certificated shares, deposit
the shareholders certificates in accordance with the terms of the notice by the date referred to
in the notice pursuant to subclause (ii) of clause (2) of subsection (b) of section 13.22. Once a
shareholder deposits that shareholders certificates or, in the case of uncertificated shares,
returns the executed forms, that shareholder loses all rights as a shareholder, unless the
shareholder withdraws pursuant to said subsection (b).
M-4
(b) A shareholder who has complied with subsection (a) may nevertheless decline to exercise
appraisal rights and withdraw from the appraisal process by so notifying the corporation in writing
by the date set forth in the appraisal notice pursuant to subclause (v) of clause (2) of subsection
(b) of section 13.22. A shareholder who fails to so withdraw from the appraisal process may not
thereafter withdraw without the corporations written consent.
(c) A shareholder who does not execute and return the form and, in the case of certificated shares,
deposit that shareholders share certificates where required, each by the date set forth in the
notice described in subsection (b) of section 13.22, shall not be entitled to payment under this
chapter.
Section 13.24. PAYMENT
(a) Except as provided in section 13.25, within 30 days after the form required by subclause (ii)
of clause (2) of subsection (b) of section 13.22 is due, the corporation shall pay in cash to those
shareholders who complied with subsection (a) of section 13.23 the amount the corporation estimates
to be the fair value of their shares, plus interest.
(b) The payment to each shareholder pursuant to subsection (a) shall be accompanied by:
(1) financial statements of the corporation that issued the shares to be appraised, consisting of a
balance sheet as of the end of a fiscal year ending not more than 16 months before the date of
payment, an income statement for that year, a statement of changes in shareholders equity for that
year, and the latest available interim financial statements, if any;
(2) a statement of the corporations estimate of the fair value of the shares, which estimate shall
equal or exceed the corporations estimate given pursuant to subclause (iii) of clause (2) of
subsection (b) of section 13.22; and
(3) a statement that shareholders described in subsection (a) have the right to demand further
payment under section 13.26 and that if any such shareholder does not do so within the time period
specified therein, such shareholder shall be deemed to have accepted the payment in full
satisfaction of the corporations obligations under this chapter.
Section 13.25. AFTER-ACQUIRED SHARES
(a) A corporation may elect to withhold payment required by section 13.24 from any shareholder who
did not certify that beneficial ownership of all of the shareholders shares for which appraisal
rights are asserted was acquired before the date set forth in the appraisal notice sent pursuant to
clause (1) of subsection (b) of section 13.22.
(b) If the corporation elected to withhold payment under subsection (a), it must, within 30 days
after the form required by subclause (ii) of clause (2) of subsection (b) of section 13.22 is due,
notify all shareholders who are described in subsection (a): (1) of the information required by
clause (1) of subsection (b) of section 13.24; (2) of the corporations estimate of fair value
pursuant to clause (2) of subsection (b) of said section 13.24; (3) that they may accept the
corporations estimate of fair value, plus interest, in full satisfaction of their demands or
demand appraisal under section 13.26; (4) that those shareholders who wish to accept the offer
shall so notify the corporation of their acceptance of the corporations offer within 30 days after
receiving the offer; and (5) that those shareholders who do not satisfy the requirements for
demanding appraisal under section 13.26 shall be deemed to have accepted the corporations offer.
(c) Within 10 days after receiving the shareholders acceptance pursuant to subsection (b), the
corporation shall pay in cash the amount it offered under clause (2) of subsection (b) to each
shareholder who agreed to accept the corporations offer in full satisfaction of the shareholders
demand.
(d) Within 40 days after sending the notice described in subsection (b), the corporation must pay
in cash the amount if offered to pay under clause (2) of subsection (b) to each shareholder [sic:
described] in clause (5) of subsection (b).
M-5
Section 13.26. PROCEDURE IF SHAREHOLDER DISSATISFIED WITH PAYMENT OR OFFER
(a) A shareholder paid pursuant to section 13.24 who is dissatisfied with the amount of the payment
shall notify the corporation in writing of that shareholders estimate of the fair value of the
shares and demand payment of that estimate plus interest, less any payment under section 13.24. A
shareholder offered payment under section 13.25 who is dissatisfied with that offer shall reject
the offer and demand payment of the shareholders stated estimate of the fair value of the shares
plus interest.
(b) A shareholder who fails to notify the corporation in writing of that shareholders demand to be
paid the shareholders stated estimate of the fair value plus interest under subsection (a) within
30 days after receiving the corporations payment or offer of payment under section 13.24 or
section 13.25, respectively, waives the right to demand payment under this section and shall be
entitled only to the payment made or offered pursuant to those respective sections.
SUBDIVISION C: JUDICIAL APPRAISAL OF SHARES
Section 13.30. COURT ACTION
(a) If a shareholder makes demand for payment under section 13.26 which remains unsettled, the
corporation shall commence an equitable proceeding within 60 days after receiving the payment
demand and petition the court to determine the fair value of the shares and accrued interest. If
the corporation does not commence the proceeding within the 60-day period, it shall pay in cash to
each shareholder the amount the shareholder demanded pursuant to section 13.26 plus interest.
(b) The corporation shall commence the proceeding in the appropriate court of the county where the
corporations principal office, or, if none, its registered office, in the commonwealth is located.
If the corporation is a foreign corporation without a registered office in the commonwealth, it
shall commence the proceeding in the county in the commonwealth where the principal office or
registered office of the domestic corporation merged with the foreign corporation was located at
the time of the transaction.
(c) The corporation shall make all shareholders, whether or not residents of the commonwealth,
whose demands remain unsettled parties to the proceeding as an action against their shares, and all
parties shall be served with a copy of the petition. Nonresidents may be served by registered or
certified mail or by publication as provided by law or otherwise as ordered by the court.
(d) The jurisdiction of the court in which the proceeding is commenced under subsection (b) is
plenary and exclusive. The court may appoint 1 or more persons as appraisers to receive evidence
and recommend a decision on the question of fair value. The appraisers shall have the powers
described in the order appointing them, or in any amendment to it. The shareholders demanding
appraisal rights are entitled to the same discovery rights as parties in other civil proceedings.
(e) Each shareholder made a party to the proceeding is entitled to judgment (i) for the amount, if
any, by which the court finds the fair value of the shareholders shares, plus interest, exceeds
the amount paid by the corporation to the shareholder for such shares or (ii) for the fair value,
plus interest, of the shareholders shares for which the corporation elected to withhold payment
under section 13.25.
Section 13.31. COURT COSTS AND COUNSEL FEES
(a) The court in an appraisal proceeding commenced under section 13.30 shall determine all costs of
the proceeding, including the reasonable compensation and expenses of appraisers appointed by the
court. The court shall assess the costs against the corporation, except that the court may assess
cost against all or some of the shareholders demanding appraisal, in amounts the court finds
equitable, to the extent the court finds such shareholders acted arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not
in good faith with respect to the rights provided by this chapter.
(b) The court in an appraisal proceeding may also assess the fees and expenses of counsel and
experts for the respective parties, in amounts the court finds equitable: (1) against the
corporation and in favor of any or all shareholders demanding appraisal if the court finds the
corporation did not substantially comply with the requirements of sections 13.20, 13.22, 13.24 or
13.25; or (2) against either the corporation or a shareholder
M-6
demanding appraisal, in favor of any other party, if the court finds that the party against whom
the fees and expenses are assessed acted arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not in good faith with
respect to the rights provided by this chapter.
(c) If the court in an appraisal proceeding finds that the services of counsel for any shareholder
were of substantial benefit to other shareholders similarly situated, and that the fees for those
services should not be assessed against the corporation, the court may award to such counsel
reasonable fees to be paid out of the amounts awarded the shareholders who were benefited.
(d) To the extent the corporation fails to make a required payment pursuant to sections 13.24,
13.25, or 13.26, the shareholder may sue directly for the amount owed and, to the extent
successful, shall be entitled to recover from the corporation all costs and expenses of the suit,
including counsel fees.
M-7
The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be
changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not
an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any
state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated April [__], 2012
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
___________, 2012
to the
Registration Statement on Form N-14 Filed By the following (Acquiring Funds):
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
NYSE: IIM |
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust
|
|
NYSE: OIA |
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust
|
|
NYSE: IQI |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
NYSE: VCV |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II
|
|
NYSE: VLT |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Opportunity Trust
|
|
NYSE: VMO |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New York Municipals
|
|
NYSE: VTN |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Trust
|
|
NYSE: VKQ |
Relating to the July 17, 2012 Joint Annual Meeting of Shareholders of the Above-Listed Funds and the
Following Funds (Target Funds):
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Bond Trust
|
|
NYSE: IMC |
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Securities
|
|
NYSE: IMS |
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Trust
|
|
NYSE: IMT |
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II
|
|
NYSE: OIB |
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust III
|
|
NYSE: OIC |
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust
|
|
NYSE: IQT |
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
NYSE: IQM |
|
|
|
Invesco California Municipal Income Trust
|
|
NYSE: IIC |
|
|
|
Invesco California Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
NYSE: IQC |
|
|
|
Invesco California Municipal Securities
|
|
NYSE: ICS |
|
|
|
Invesco High Yield Investments Fund, Inc.
|
|
NYSE: MSY |
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Premium Income Trust
|
|
NYSE: PIA |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Select Sector Municipal Trust
|
|
NYSE Amex: VKL |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Value Municipals
|
|
NYSE: VIM |
|
|
|
Invesco New York Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
NYSE: IQN |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
NYSE Amex: VMV |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust
|
|
NYSE: VOQ |
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New Jersey Municipals
|
|
NYSE: VTJ |
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI), which is not a prospectus, supplements and
should be read in conjunction with the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus for each Acquiring Fund
(each, a Proxy Statement and together, the Proxy Statements) dated June [__], 2012, relating
specifically to the Joint Annual Meetings of Shareholders of the above listed funds (collectively,
the Funds) to be held on July 17, 2012. Copies of the Proxy Statements may be obtained at no
charge by writing to Invesco Investment Services, Inc., 1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta,
Georgia 30309, or by calling (800) 341-2929. You can also access this information at
http://www.invesco.com/us.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or
determined if this SAI is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
-2-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
Incorporation by Reference of Certain Documents |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
General Information |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Strategies and Risks |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Policies and Restrictions |
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Funds |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership of Securities |
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Advisory and Other Services |
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Adviser |
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Sub-Advisers |
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Managers |
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading Practices and Brokerage |
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Matters |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Statements and Pro Forma Financial Statements |
|
|
91 |
|
|
|
|
Appendix A
|
|
Special State-Specific Investment Considerations |
|
|
|
Appendix B
|
|
Ratings of Debt Securities |
|
|
|
Appendix C
|
|
Strategic Transactions; Options and Futures |
|
|
|
Appendix D
|
|
Proxy Voting Policies |
|
|
|
Appendix E
|
|
Management Fees |
|
|
|
Appendix F
|
|
Administrative Services Fees |
|
|
|
Appendix G
|
|
Portfolio Managers |
|
|
|
Appendix H
|
|
Brokerage Commissions |
|
|
|
Appendix I
|
|
Directed Brokerage (Research Services) and Purchases of Securities of Regular Brokers or
Dealers |
Incorporation by Reference of Certain Documents
This SAI incorporates by reference each Funds annual report for the fiscal period ended
February 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR on _______, 2012. The accession numbers for these documents are
listed below. These documents will be provided to any shareholder who requests this SAI and which
are legally considered to be a part of this SAI. These Annual Reports can also be obtained,
without charge, by calling (800) 341-2929.
|
|
|
Fund |
|
Annual Report Accession No. |
IIM |
|
|
|
|
|
IMC |
|
|
|
|
|
IMS |
|
|
|
|
|
IMT |
|
|
|
|
|
OIA |
|
|
|
|
|
OIB |
|
|
|
|
|
OIC |
|
|
|
|
|
IQI |
|
|
|
|
|
IQT |
|
|
|
|
|
IQM |
|
|
|
|
|
VCV |
|
|
|
|
|
IIC |
|
|
|
|
|
IQC |
|
|
|
|
|
ICS |
|
|
|
|
|
VLT |
|
|
|
|
|
MSY |
|
|
|
|
|
VMO |
|
|
|
|
|
PIA |
|
|
|
|
|
VKL |
|
|
|
|
|
VIM |
|
|
|
|
|
VTN |
|
|
|
|
|
IQN |
|
|
|
|
|
VKQ |
|
|
|
|
|
VMV |
|
|
|
|
|
VOQ |
|
|
|
|
|
VTJ |
|
|
General Information
This SAI relates to the proposed reorganization of each Target Fund, as identified below, into
the corresponding Acquiring Fund, as identified below. The table also reflects the former names of
the Funds during the past five years.
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Target Funds |
|
|
Acquiring Funds |
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Bond Trust (NYSE: IMC)
Formerly: Invesco Insured Municipal Bond Trust
(through 1/23/2012); Morgan Stanley Insured Municipal
Bond Trust (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Securities (NYSE: IMS)
Formerly: Invesco Insured Municipal Securities
(through 12/1/2011); Morgan Stanley Insured Municipal
Securities (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Income Trust (NYSE: IIM)
Formerly: Invesco Insured Municipal Income Trust
(through 1/6/2012); Morgan Stanley Insured
Municipal Income Trust (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Value Municipal Trust (NYSE: IMT)
Formerly: Invesco Insured Municipal Trust (through
1/19/2012); Morgan Stanley Insured Municipal Trust
(through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II (NYSE: OIB)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II (through 5/7/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust
(NYSE: OIA)
|
|
|
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust III
(NYSE: OIC)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Municipal Income
Opportunities Trust III (through 5/7/2010)
|
|
|
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Municipal Income
Opportunities Trust (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust (NYSE: IQT)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Quality Municipal Investment
Trust (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Income
Trust (NYSE: IQI)
|
|
|
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities (NYSE: IQM)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Quality Municipal Securities
(through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Quality Municipal Income
Trust (through 5/10/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco California Municipal Income Trust (NYSE: IIC)
Formerly: Invesco California Insured Municipal Income
Trust (through 1/23/2012); Morgan Stanley California
Insured Municipal Income Trust (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco California Quality Municipal Securities
(NYSE: IQC)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley California Quality Municipal
Securities (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal
Income Trust (NYSE: VCV)
Formerly: Van Kampen California Value Municipal
Income Trust (through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco California Municipal Securities (NYSE: ICS)
Formerly: Invesco Insured California Municipal
Securities (through 1/23/2012); Morgan Stanley
Insured California Municipal Securities (through
5/6/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco High Yield Investments Fund, Inc. (NYSE: MSY)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley High Yield Fund, Inc.
(through 5/27/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II (NYSE: VLT)
Formerly: Van Kampen High Income Trust II
(through 5/26/2010)
|
|
|
- 2 -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Target Funds |
|
|
Acquiring Funds |
|
|
Invesco Municipal Premium Income Trust (NYSE: PIA)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley Municipal Premium Income
Trust (through 5/10/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Select Sector Municipal Trust (NYSE Amex: VKL)
Formerly: Van Kampen Select Sector Municipal Trust
(through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Opportunity Trust
(NYSE: VMO)
Formerly: Van Kampen Municipal Opportunity Trust
(through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Value Municipals
(NYSE: VIM)
Formerly: Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Insured
Municipals (through 12/16/2011); Van Kampen Trust for
Insured Municipals (through 5/10/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco New York Quality Municipal Securities
(NYSE: IQN)
Formerly: Morgan Stanley New York Quality Municipal
Securities (through 5/6/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New
York Municipals (NYSE: VTN)
Formerly: Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade
New York Municipals (through 4/12/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal
Income Trust (NYSE Amex: VMV)
Formerly: Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal
Income Trust (through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust
(NYSE: VOQ)
Formerly: Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust
(through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Trust (NYSE: VKQ)
Formerly: Van Kampen Municipal Trust (through
4/21/2010)
|
|
|
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New
Jersey Municipals (NYSE: VTJ)
Formerly: Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New
Jersey Municipals (through 3/31/2010)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Strategies and Risks
The table on the following pages identifies various securities and investment techniques that
Invesco Advisers, Inc. (Invesco or the Adviser) and/or the Sub-Advisers (as defined herein) may
use in managing the Funds, including as part of a temporary defensive strategy, as well as the
risks associated with those types of securities and investment techniques. The table has been
marked to indicate those securities and investment techniques that Invesco and/or a Sub-Adviser
may, but is not required to, use to manage a Fund, including as part of a temporary defensive
strategy. A Fund may choose not to use any or all of these techniques and may use different
techniques at different times. Invesco and/or the Sub-Advisers may invest in other securities and
may use other investment techniques in managing the Funds, including those described below for
Funds not specifically mentioned as investing in the security or using the investment technique, as
well as securities and techniques not described. Each Funds transactions in a particular security
or use of a particular technique is subject to the limitations imposed by a Funds investment
objective, principal investment strategies, and fundamental and non-fundamental investment
restrictions (and appendices thereto) described in that Funds Proxy Statement and/or this SAI, as
well as federal securities laws. Each Funds investment policies, strategies and practices
described below are non-fundamental and may be changed without approval of the holders of the
Funds voting securities unless otherwise indicated below,
- 3 -
elsewhere in this SAI or in the Funds Proxy Statement. The descriptions of the securities
and investment techniques in this section supplement the discussion of principal investment
strategies contained in each Funds Proxy Statement and shareholder reports; where a particular
type of security or investment technique is not discussed in a Funds Proxy Statement or
shareholder reports, that security or investment technique is not a principal investment strategy.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IIM |
|
OIA |
|
IQI |
|
VCV |
|
VLT |
|
VMO |
|
VTN |
|
VKQ |
Debt Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Government Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Temporary Investments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs) |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Linked Notes (CLNs) |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Commercial Instruments |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Synthetic Municipal Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Lease Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Investment Grade Debt Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Non-Investment Grade Debt Obligations (Junk Bonds) |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Loans, Loan Participations and Assignments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Public Bank Loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structured Notes and Indexed Securities |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Corporate Debt Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Government Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Exchange Transactions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating Rate Corporate Loans and Corporate Debt Securities of Non-U.S. Borrowers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Investment Companies |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Limited Partnerships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Defaulted Securities |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipal Forward Contracts |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Variable or Floating Rate Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Zero Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Premium Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Participation Notes |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
- 4 -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IIM |
|
OIA |
|
IQI |
|
VCV |
|
VLT |
|
VMO |
|
VTN |
|
VKQ |
Investment Techniques: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forward Commitments, When-Issued and Delayed Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Borrowing |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Lending Portfolio Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Restricted and Illiquid Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standby Commitments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swap Agreements |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Interest Rate Locks |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Options |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rights |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Futures Contracts |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Forward Currency Contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IMC |
|
IMS |
|
IMT |
|
OIB |
|
OIC |
|
IQT |
|
IQM |
|
IIC |
|
IQC |
Debt Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Government Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Temporary Investments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Linked Notes (CLNs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Commercial Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Synthetic Municipal Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Lease Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Investment Grade Debt Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Non-Investment Grade Debt Obligations (Junk Bonds) |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Loans, Loan Participations and Assignments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Public Bank Loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structured Notes and Indexed Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Corporate Debt Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Government Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Exchange Transactions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating Rate Corporate Loans and Corporate Debt
Securities of Non-U.S. Borrowers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 5 -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IMC |
|
IMS |
|
IMT |
|
OIB |
|
OIC |
|
IQT |
|
IQM |
|
IIC |
|
IQC |
Other Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Investment Companies |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
Limited Partnerships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Defaulted Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipal Forward Contracts |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Variable or Floating Rate Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Zero Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Premium Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Participation Notes |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Investment Techniques: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forward Commitments, When-Issued and Delayed Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Borrowing |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Lending Portfolio Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Restricted and Illiquid Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standby Commitments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swap Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
Interest Rate Locks |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Options |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rights |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Futures Contracts |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Forward Currency Contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ICS |
|
MSY |
|
PIA |
|
VKL |
|
VIM |
|
IQN |
|
VMV |
|
VOQ |
|
VTJ |
Debt Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Government Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Temporary Investments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Linked Notes (CLNs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Commercial Instruments |
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Synthetic Municipal Instruments |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Securities |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Municipal Lease Obligations |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Investment Grade Debt Obligations |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Non-Investment Grade Debt Obligations (Junk Bonds) |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Loans, Loan Participations and Assignments |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 6 -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ICS |
|
MSY |
|
PIA |
|
VKL |
|
VIM |
|
IQN |
|
VMV |
|
VOQ |
|
VTJ |
Public Bank Loans |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structured Notes and Indexed Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Corporate Debt Obligations |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred Stock |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible Securities |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Securities |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Government Obligations |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign Exchange Transactions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating Rate Corporate Loans and Corporate Debt
Securities of Non-U.S. Borrowers |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Investment Companies |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Limited Partnerships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Defaulted Securities |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipal Forward Contracts |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Variable or Floating Rate Instruments |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Zero Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Premium Securities |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Participation Notes |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Investment Techniques: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forward Commitments, When-Issued and Delayed Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Borrowing |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Lending Portfolio Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Restricted and Illiquid Securities |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standby Commitments |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swap Agreements |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Interest Rate Locks |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Options |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Warrants |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rights |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Futures Contracts |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Forward Currency Contracts |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt Investments
U.S. Government Obligations. U.S. Government obligations are obligations issued or guaranteed
by the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities, and include, among other obligations,
bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, as well as stripped or zero coupon U.S.
Treasury obligations.
- 7 -
U.S. Government obligations may be (i) supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
Treasury, (ii) supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, (iii)
supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agencys
obligations, or (iv) supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. There is a risk that the
U.S. Government may choose not to provide financial support to U.S. Government-sponsored agencies
or instrumentalities if it is not legally obligated to do so. In that case, if the issuer were to
default, a portfolio holding securities of such issuer might not be able to recover its investment
from the U.S. Government. For example, while the U.S. Government has recently provided financial
support to Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation (Freddie Mac), no assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will always do so,
since the U.S. Government is not so obligated by law. There also is no guarantee that the
government would support Federal Home Loan Banks. Accordingly, securities of Fannie Mae, Freddie
Mac and Federal Home Loan Banks, and other agencies, may involve a risk of non-payment of principal
and interest.
Temporary Investments. A Fund may invest a portion of its assets in money market funds
(including affiliated money market funds affiliated with Invesco) and in the types of money market
instruments in which money market funds would invest or other short-term U.S. Government securities
for cash management purposes. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in investments that may
be inconsistent with the Funds principal investment strategies for temporary defensive purposes in
anticipation of or in response to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, or other
atypical circumstances. As a result, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs). A CDO is a security backed by a pool of bonds,
loans and other debt obligations. CDOs are not limited to investing in one type of debt and
accordingly, a CDO may own corporate bonds, commercial loans, asset-backed securities, residential
mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and emerging market debt. The
CDOs securities are typically divided into several classes, or bond tranches, that have differing
levels of investment grade or credit tolerances. Most CDO issues are structured in a way that
enables the senior bond classes and mezzanine classes to receive investment-grade credit ratings.
Credit risk is shifted to the most junior class of securities. If any defaults occur in the assets
backing a CDO, the senior bond classes are first in line to receive principal and interest
payments, followed by the mezzanine classes and finally by the lowest rated (or non-rated) class,
which is known as the equity tranche. Similar in structure to a collateralized mortgage obligation
(described above) CDOs are unique in that they represent different types of debt and credit risk.
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs). CLOs are debt instruments backed solely by a pool
of other debt securities. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the type of the
collateral securities and the class of the CLO in which a Fund invests. Some CLOs have credit
ratings, but are typically issued in various classes with various priorities. Normally, CLOs are
privately offered and sold (that is, they are not registered under the securities laws) and may be
characterized as illiquid securities; however, an active dealer market may exist for CLOs that
qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal interest rate, default and other
risks of fixed income securities, CLOs carry additional risks, including the possibility that
distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments,
the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default, a Fund may invest in CLOs that are
subordinate to other classes , values may be volatile, and disputes with the issuer may produce
unexpected investment results.
Credit Linked Notes (CLNs). A CLN is a security with an embedded credit default swap
allowing the issuer to transfer a specific credit risk to credit investors.
CLNs are created through a Special Purpose Company (SPC), or trust, which is collateralized
with AAA-rated securities. The CLNs price or coupon is linked to the performance of the reference
asset of the second party. Generally, the CLN holder receives either fixed or floating coupon rate
during the life of the CLN and par at maturity. The cash flows are dependent on specified
credit-related events. Should the second party default or declare bankruptcy, the CLN holder will
receive an amount equivalent to the recovery rate. In return for these risks, the CLN holder
receives a higher yield. The Fund bears the risk of default by the second party and any unforeseen
movements in the reference asset, which could lead to loss of principal and receipt of interest
payments. As with most derivative instruments, valuation of a CLN may be difficult due to the
complexity of the security.
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Bank Instruments. Bank instruments are unsecured interest bearing bank deposits. Bank
instruments include, but are not limited to, certificates of deposits, time deposits, and bankers
acceptances from U.S. or foreign banks as well as Eurodollar certificates of deposit (Eurodollar
CDs) and Eurodollar time deposits (Eurodollar time deposits) of foreign branches of domestic
banks. Some certificates of deposit are negotiable interest-bearing instruments with a specific
maturity issued by banks and savings and loan institutions in exchange for the deposit of funds,
and can typically be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Other certificates of
deposit, like time deposits, are non-negotiable receipts issued by a bank in exchange for the
deposit of funds which earns a specified rate of interest over a definite period of time; however,
it cannot be traded in the secondary market. A bankers acceptance is a bill of exchange or time
draft drawn on and accepted by a commercial bank.
An investment in Eurodollar CDs or Eurodollar time deposits may involve some of the same risks
that are described for Foreign Securities.
Commercial Instruments. Commercial instruments include commercial paper, master notes and
other short-term corporate instruments, that are denominated in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies.
Commercial instruments are a type of instrument issued by large banks and corporations to
raise money to meet their short term debt obligations, and are only backed by the issuing bank or
corporations promise to pay the face amount on the maturity date specified on the note.
Commercial paper consists of short-term promissory notes issued by corporations. Commercial paper
may be traded in the secondary market after its issuance. Master notes are demand notes that
permit the investment of fluctuating amounts of money at varying rates of interest pursuant to
arrangements with issuers who meet the credit quality criteria of the Funds. The interest rate on
a master note may fluctuate based on changes in specified interest rates or may be reset
periodically according to a prescribed formula or may be a set rate. Although there is no
secondary market in master demand notes, if such notes have a demand feature, the payee may demand
payment of the principal amount of the note upon relatively short notice. Master notes are
generally illiquid and therefore subject to any applicable restrictions on investment in illiquid
securities. Commercial instruments may not be registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC).
Synthetic Municipal Instruments. Synthetic municipal instruments are instruments, the value
of and return on which are derived from underlying securities. Synthetic municipal instruments
include tender option bonds and variable rate trust certificates. Both types of instruments
involve the deposit into a trust or custodial account of one or more long-term tax-exempt bonds or
notes (Underlying Bonds), and the sale of certificates evidencing interests in the trust or
custodial account to investors such as the Fund. The trustee or custodian receives the long-term
fixed rate interest payments on the Underlying Bonds, and pays certificate holders short-term
floating or variable interest rates which are reset periodically. A tender option bond provides
a certificate holder with the conditional right to sell its certificate to the sponsor or some
designated third party at specified intervals and receive the par value of the certificate plus
accrued interest (a demand feature). A variable rate trust certificate evidences an interest in
a trust entitling the certificate holder to receive variable rate interest based on prevailing
short-term interest rates and also typically provides the certificate holder with the conditional
demand feature the right to tender its certificate at par value plus accrued interest.
Typically, a certificate holder cannot exercise the demand feature until the occurrence of
certain conditions, such as where the issuer of the Underlying Bond defaults on interest payments.
Moreover, because synthetic municipal instruments involve a trust or custodial account and a third
party conditional demand feature, they involve complexities and potential risks that may not be
present where a municipal security is owned directly.
The tax-exempt character of the interest paid to certificate holders is based on the
assumption that the holders have an ownership interest in the Underlying Bonds; however, the IRS
has not issued a ruling addressing this issue. In the event the IRS issues an adverse ruling or
successfully litigates this issue, it is possible that the interest paid to the Fund on certain
synthetic municipal instruments would be deemed to be taxable. The Fund relies on opinions of
special tax counsel on this ownership question and opinions of bond counsel regarding the
tax-exempt character of interest paid on the Underlying Bonds.
Municipal Securities. Municipal securities generally include, among other things, debt
obligations of states, territories or possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia
and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, issued to obtain funds for
various public purposes, including the construction of a
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wide range of public facilities such as airports, bridges, highways, housing, hospitals, mass
transportation, schools, streets and water and sewer works. Other public purposes for which
municipal securities may be issued include the refunding of outstanding obligations, obtaining
funds for general operating expenses and lending such funds to other public institutions and
facilities.
The principal and interest payments for industrial development bonds or pollution control
bonds are often the sole responsibility of the industrial user and therefore may not be backed by
the taxing power of the issuing municipality. The interest paid on such bonds may be exempt from
federal income tax, although current federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the purposes
and size of such issues. Such obligations are considered to be municipal securities provided that
the interest paid thereon, in the opinion of bond counsel, qualifies as exempt from federal income
tax. However, interest on municipal securities may give rise to a federal alternative minimum tax
(AMT) liability and may have other collateral federal income tax consequences. There is a risk
that some or all of the interest received by the Fund from tax-exempt municipal securities might
become taxable as a result of tax law changes or determinations of the Internal Revenue Service
(IRS). See Tax Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds).
The two major classifications of municipal securities are bonds and notes. Bonds may be
further classified as general obligation or revenue issues. General obligation bonds are
secured by the issuers pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of
principal and interest. Revenue bonds are payable from the revenues derived from a particular
facility or class of facilities, and in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other
specific revenue source, but not from the general taxing power. Tax-exempt industrial development
bonds are in most cases revenue bonds and do not generally carry the pledge of the credit of the
issuing municipality. Notes are short-term instruments which usually mature in less than two
years. Most notes are general obligations of the issuing municipalities or agencies and are sold
in anticipation of a bond sale, collection of taxes or receipt of other revenues.
Municipal securities also include the following securities, among others:
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Bond Anticipation Notes usually are general obligations of state and local governmental
issuers which are sold to obtain interim financing for projects that will eventually be
funded through the sale of long-term debt obligations or bonds. |
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Tax Anticipation Notes are issued by state and local governments to finance the current
operations of such governments. Repayment is generally to be derived from specific future
tax revenues. Tax anticipation notes are usually general obligations of the issuer. |
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Revenue Anticipation Notes are issued by governments or governmental bodies with the
expectation that future revenues from a designated source will be used to repay the notes.
In general, they also constitute general obligations of the issuer. |
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Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper (Municipal Paper) is similar to taxable
commercial paper, except that tax-exempt commercial paper is issued by states,
municipalities and their agencies. |
Certain Funds also may purchase participation interests or custodial receipts from financial
institutions. These participation interests give the purchaser an undivided interest in one or
more underlying municipal securities.
After purchase by a Fund, an issue of municipal securities may cease to be rated by Moodys
Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) or Standard and Poors Financial Services LLC, a subsidiary of
the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (S&P), or another nationally recognized statistical rating
organization (NRSRO), or the rating of such a security may be reduced below the minimum credit
quality rating required for purchase by the Fund. Neither event would require the Fund to dispose
of the security.
The Funds may invest in municipal securities that are insured by financial insurance
companies. Such insurance guarantees that interest payments on a bond will be made on time and
that principal will be repaid when the bond matures. Insured municipal obligations would generally
be assigned a lower rating if the rating were based primarily on the credit quality of the issuer
without regard to the insurance feature. If the claims-paying ability of the insurer were
downgraded, the ratings on the municipal obligations it insures may also be downgraded. Insurance
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does not protect the Fund against losses caused by declines in a bonds value due to a change
in market conditions. Since a limited number of entities provide such insurance, a Fund may invest
more than 25% of its assets in securities insured by the same insurance company. If a Fund invests
in municipal securities backed by insurance companies and other financial institutions, changes in
the financial condition of these institutions could cause losses to the Fund and affect share
price.
Taxable municipal securities are debt securities issued by or on behalf of states and their
political subdivisions, the District of Columbia, and possessions of the United States, the
interest on which is not exempt from federal income tax.
The yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including general
economic and monetary conditions, money market factors, conditions of the municipal securities
market, size of a particular offering, and maturity and rating of the obligation. Because many
municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, especially those related to education,
health care, transportation and various utilities, conditions in those sectors and the financial
condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market. The market
values of the municipal securities held by a Fund will be affected by changes in the yields
available on similar securities. If yields increase following the purchase of a municipal
security, the market value of such municipal security will generally decrease. Conversely, if
yields decrease, the market value of a municipal security will generally increase.
Municipal Lease Obligations. Municipal lease obligations, a type of municipal security, may
take the form of a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract.
Municipal lease obligations are issued by state and local governments and authorities to acquire
land, equipment and facilities such as state and municipal vehicles, telecommunications and
computer equipment, and other capital assets. Interest payments on qualifying municipal lease
obligations are generally exempt from federal income taxes.
Municipal lease obligations are generally subject to greater risks than general obligation or
revenue bonds. State laws set forth requirements that states or municipalities must meet in order
to issue municipal obligations, and such obligations may contain a covenant by the issuer to budget
for, appropriate, and make payments due under the obligation. However, certain municipal lease
obligations may contain non-appropriation clauses which provide that the issuer is not obligated
to make payments on the obligation in future years unless funds have been appropriated for this
purpose each year. If not enough money is appropriated to make the lease payments, the leased
property may be repossessed as security for holders of the municipal lease obligation. In such an
event, there is no assurance that the propertys private sector or re-leasing value will be enough
to make all outstanding payments on the municipal lease obligation or that the payments will
continue to be tax-free. Additionally, it may be difficult to dispose of the underlying capital
asset in the event of non-appropriation or other default. Direct investments by the Fund in
municipal lease obligations may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to any applicable
percentage limitations for investments in illiquid securities and the risks of holding illiquid
securities.
For a discussion of the state-specific investment considerations regarding various states in
which certain Funds invest a substantial portion of their assets, see Appendix A to this SAI,
Special State-Specific Investment Considerations.
Investment Grade Debt Obligations. Debt obligations include, among others, bonds, notes,
debentures and variable rate demand notes. They may be U.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations
issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or U.S. commercial banks, U.S. dollar-denominated
obligations of foreign issuers and debt obligations of foreign issuers denominated in foreign
currencies.
These obligations must meet minimum ratings criteria set forth for the Fund as described in
its prospectus or, if unrated, be of comparable quality. Bonds rated Baa3 or higher by Moodys
and/or BBB or higher by S&P or Fitch Ratings, Ltd. are typically considered investment grade debt
obligations. The description of debt securities ratings may be found in Appendix B.
In choosing corporate debt securities on behalf of a Fund, portfolio managers may consider:
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general economic and financial conditions; |
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the specific issuers (a) business and management, (b) cash flow, (c) earnings
coverage of interest and dividends, (d) ability to operate under adverse economic
conditions, (e) fair market value of assets, and (f) in the case of foreign issuers,
unique political, economic or social conditions applicable to such issuers country;
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other considerations deemed appropriate. |
Debt securities are subject to a variety of risks, such as interest rate risk, income risk,
prepayment risk, inflation risk, credit risk, currency risk and default risk.
Non-Investment Grade Debt Obligations (Junk Bonds). Bonds rated Ba or below by Moodys
and/or BB or below by S&P or Fitch Ratings, Ltd. are typically considered non-investment grade or
junk bonds. Analysis of the creditworthiness of junk bond issuers is more complex than that of
investment-grade issuers and the success of the Adviser in managing these decisions is more
dependent upon its own credit analysis than is the case with investment-grade bonds. Description
of debt securities ratings are found in Appendix B.
The capacity of junk bonds to pay interest and repay principal is considered speculative.
While junk bonds may provide an opportunity for greater income and gains, they are subject to
greater risks than higher-rated debt securities. The prices of and yields on junk bonds may
fluctuate to a greater extent than those of higher-rated debt securities. Junk bonds are generally
more sensitive to individual issuer developments, economic conditions and regulatory changes than
higher-rated bonds. Issuers of junk bonds are often issued by smaller, less-seasoned companies or
companies that are highly leveraged with more traditional methods of financing unavailable to them.
Junk bonds are generally at a higher risk of default because such issues are often unsecured or
otherwise subordinated to claims of the issuers other creditors. If a junk bond issuer defaults,
a Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery. The secondary markets in which junk bonds
are traded may be thin and less liquid than the market for higher-rated debt securities and a Fund
may have difficulty selling certain junk bonds at the desired time and price. Less liquidity in
secondary trading markets could adversely affect the price at which a Fund could sell a particular
junk bond, and could cause large fluctuations in the net asset value of that Funds shares. The
lack of a liquid secondary market may also make it more difficult for a Fund to obtain accurate
market quotations in valuing junk bond assets and elements of judgment may play a greater role in
the valuation.
Loans, Loan Participations and Assignments. Loans and loan participations are interests in
amounts owed by a corporate, governmental or other borrowers to another party. They may represent
amounts owed to lenders or lending syndicates, to suppliers of goods or services, or to other
parties. The Fund will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to
which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by the
lender of the payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing participations, the Fund
generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan
agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may
not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the
participation. As a result, the Fund will be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and
the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling
a participation, a Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from
any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
When the Fund purchases assignments from lenders, it acquires direct rights against the
borrower on the loan. However, because assignments are arranged through private negotiations
between potential assignees and potential assignors, the rights and obligations acquired by a Fund
as the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the
assigning lender. In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could be part owner of any
collateral and could bear the costs and liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral.
Investments in loans, loan participations and assignments present the possibility that the
Fund could be held liable as a co-lender under emerging legal theories of lender liability. The
Fund anticipates that loans, loan participations and assignments could be sold only to a limited
number of institutional investors. If there is no active secondary market for a loan, it may be
more difficult to sell the interests in such a loan at a price that is acceptable or
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to even obtain pricing information. In addition, some loans, loan participations and
assignments may not be rated by major rating agencies and may not be protected by the securities
laws.
Public Bank Loans. Public bank loans are privately negotiated loans for which information
about the issuer has been made publicly available. Public loans are made by banks or other
financial institutions, and may be rated investment grade (Baa or higher by Moodys, BBB or higher
by S&P) or below investment grade (below Baa by Moodys or below BBB by S&P). However, public bank
loans are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), and are not
publicly traded. They usually are second lien loans normally lower in priority of payment to
senior loans, but have seniority in a companys capital structure to other claims, such as
subordinated corporate bonds or publicly-issued equity so that in the event of bankruptcy or
liquidation, the company is required to pay down these second lien loans prior to such other
lower-ranked claims on their assets. Bank loans normally pay floating rates that reset frequently,
and as a result, protect investors from increases in interest rates.
Bank loans generally are negotiated between a borrower and several financial institutional
lenders represented by one or more lenders acting as agent of all the lenders. The agent is
responsible for negotiating the loan agreement that establishes the terms and conditions of the
loan and the rights of the borrower and the lenders, monitoring any collateral, and collecting
principal and interest on the loan. By investing in a loan, a Fund becomes a member of a syndicate
of lenders. Certain bank loans are illiquid, meaning the Fund may not be able to sell them quickly
at a fair price. Illiquid securities are also difficult to value. To the extent a bank loan has
been deemed illiquid, it will be subject to any applicable restrictions on investment in illiquid
securities. The secondary market for bank loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide
bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Bank loans are subject to the risk of default. Default in the payment of interest or
principal on a loan will result in a reduction of income to a Fund, a reduction in the value of the
loan, and a potential decrease in the Funds net asset value. The risk of default will increase in
the event of an economic downturn or a substantial increase in interest rates. Bank loans are
subject to the risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if
any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments. As discussed above, however, because bank
loans reside higher in the capital structure than high yield bonds, default losses have been
historically lower in the bank loan market. Bank loans that are rated below investment grade share
the same risks of other below investment grade securities.
Structured Notes and Indexed Securities. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments,
the interest rate or principal of which is linked to currencies, interest rates, commodities,
indices or other financial indicators (reference instruments). Indexed securities may include
structured notes and other securities wherein the interest rate or principal are determined by a
reference instrument.
Most structured notes and indexed securities are fixed income securities that have maturities
of three years or less. The interest rate or the principal amount payable at maturity of an
indexed security may vary based on changes in one or more specified reference instruments, such as
a floating interest rate compared with a fixed interest rate. The reference instrument need not be
related to the terms of the indexed security. Structured notes and indexed securities may be
positively or negatively indexed (i.e., their principal value or interest rates may increase or
decrease if the underlying reference instrument appreciates), and may have return characteristics
similar to direct investments in the underlying reference instrument or to one or more options on
the underlying reference instrument.
Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other
types of debt securities because the investor bears the risk of the reference instrument.
Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult
to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt
securities. In addition to the credit risk of the structured note or indexed securitys issuer and
the normal risks of price changes in response to changes in interest rates, the principal amount of
structured notes or indexed securities may decrease as a result of changes in the value of the
underlying reference instruments. Further, in the case of certain structured notes or indexed
securities in which the interest rate, or exchange rate in the case of currency, is linked to a
referenced instrument, the rate may be increased or decreased or the terms may provide that, under
certain circumstances, the principal amount payable on maturity may be reduced to zero resulting in
a loss to the Fund.
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U.S. Corporate Debt Obligations. Corporate debt obligations are debt obligations issued or
guaranteed by corporations that are denominated in U.S. dollars. Such investments may include,
among others, commercial paper, bonds, notes, debentures, variable rate demand notes, master notes,
funding agreements and other short-term corporate instruments. Commercial Paper consists of
short-term promissory notes issued by corporations. Commercial paper may be traded in the
secondary market after its issuance. Variable rate demand notes are securities with a variable
interest which is readjusted on pre-established dates. Variable rate demand notes are subject to
payment of principal and accrued interest (usually within seven days) on a Funds demand. Master
notes are negotiated notes that permit the investment of fluctuating amounts of money at varying
rates of interest pursuant to arrangements with issuers who meet the credit quality criteria of the
Fund. The interest rate on a master note may fluctuate based upon changes in specified interest
rates or be reset periodically according to a prescribed formula or may be a set rate. Although
there is no secondary market in master notes, if such notes have a demand feature, the payee may
demand payment of the principal amount of the note upon relatively short notice. Funding
agreements are agreements between an insurance company and a Fund covering underlying demand notes.
Although there is no secondary market in funding agreements, if the underlying notes have a demand
feature, the payee may demand payment of the principal amount of the note upon relatively short
notice. Master notes and funding agreements are generally illiquid and therefore subject to any
applicable restrictions on investment in illiquid securities.
Equity Investments
Common Stock. Common stock is issued by a company principally to raise cash for business
purposes and represents an equity or ownership interest in the issuing company. Common
stockholders are typically entitled to vote on important matters of the issuing company, including
the selection of directors, and may receive dividends on their holdings. A Fund participates in
the success or failure of any company in which it holds common stock. In the event a company is
liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of bondholders, other debt holders, owners of
preferred stock and general creditors take precedence over the claims of those who own common
stock.
The prices of common stocks change in response to many factors including the historical and
prospective earnings of the issuing company, the value of its assets, general economic conditions,
interest rates, investor perceptions and market liquidity.
Preferred Stock. Preferred stock, unlike common stock, often offers a specified dividend rate
payable from a companys earnings. Preferred stock also generally has a preference over common
stock on the distribution of a companys assets in the event the company is liquidated or declares
bankruptcy; however, the rights of preferred stockholders on the distribution of a companys assets
in the event of a liquidation or bankruptcy are generally subordinate to the rights of the
companys debt holders and general creditors. If interest rates rise, the fixed dividend on
preferred stocks may be less attractive, causing the price of preferred stocks to decline.
Some fixed rate preferred stock may have mandatory sinking fund provisions which provide for
the stock to be retired or redeemed on a predetermined schedule, as well as call/redemption
provisions prior to maturity, which can limit the benefit of any decline in interest rates that
might positively affect the price of preferred stocks. Preferred stock dividends may be
cumulative, requiring all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends to be paid before dividends are
paid on the issuers common stock. Preferred stock may be participating, which means that it may
be entitled to a dividend exceeding the stated dividend in certain cases. In some cases an issuer
may offer auction rate preferred stock, which means that the interest to be paid is set by auction
and will often be reset at stated intervals.
Convertible Securities. Convertible securities are generally bonds, debentures, notes,
preferred stocks or other securities or investments that may be converted or exchanged (by the
holder or by the issuer) into shares of the underlying common stock (or cash or securities of
equivalent value) at a stated exchange ratio or predetermined price (the conversion price). A
convertible security is designed to provide current income and also the potential for capital
appreciation through the conversion feature, which enables the holder to benefit from increases in
the market price of the underlying common stock. A convertible security may be called for
redemption or conversion by the issuer after a particular date and under certain circumstances
(including a specified price) established upon issue. If a convertible security held by a Fund is
called for redemption or conversion, the Fund could be required to tender it for redemption,
convert it into the underlying common stock, or sell it to a third party, which may have an adverse
- 14 -
effect on the Funds ability to achieve its investment objectives. Convertible securities
have general characteristics similar to both debt and equity securities.
A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued until
the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion,
convertible securities have characteristics similar to non-convertible debt obligations and are
designed to provide for a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than common stocks.
However, there can be no assurance of current income because the issuers of the convertible
securities may default on their obligations. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in
a corporations capital structure and, therefore, generally entail less risk than the corporations
common stock. Convertible securities are subordinate in rank to any senior debt obligations of the
issuer, and, therefore, an issuers convertible securities entail more risk than its debt
obligations. Moreover, convertible securities are often rated below investment grade or not rated
because they fall below debt obligations and just above common stock in order of preference or
priority on an issuers balance sheet. To the extent that a Fund invests in convertible securities
with credit ratings below investment grade, such securities may have a higher likelihood of
default, although this may be somewhat offset by the convertibility feature.
Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible
debt securities of similar credit quality because of the potential for capital appreciation. The
common stock underlying convertible securities may be issued by a different entity than the issuer
of the convertible securities.
The value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield of non-convertible
securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a
convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis
of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its investment value. The investment value of the
convertible security typically will fluctuate based on the credit quality of the issuer and will
fluctuate inversely with changes in prevailing interest rates. However, at the same time, the
convertible security will be influenced by its conversion value, which is the market value of the
underlying common stock that would be obtained if the convertible security were converted.
Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying common stock, and will
therefore be subject to risks relating to the activities of the issuer and general market and
economic conditions. Depending upon the relationship of the conversion price to the market value
of the underlying security, a convertible security may trade more like an equity security than a
debt instrument.
If, because of a low price of the common stock, the conversion value is substantially below
the investment value of the convertible security, the price of the convertible security is governed
principally by its investment value. Generally, if the conversion value of a convertible security
increases to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the value of the security
will be principally influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security will sell at a
premium over its conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the
underlying common stock while holding an income-producing security.
While a Fund uses the same criteria to rate a convertible debt security that it uses to rate a
more conventional debt security, a convertible preferred stock is treated like a preferred stock
for the Funds financial reporting, credit rating and investment limitation purposes.
Enhanced Convertible Securities. Enhanced convertible securities are equity-linked hybrid
securities that automatically convert to equity securities on a specified date. Enhanced
convertibles have been designed with a variety of payoff structures, and are known by a variety of
different names. Three features common to enhanced convertible securities are (i) conversion to
equity securities at the maturity of the convertible (as opposed to conversion at the option of the
security holder in the case of ordinary convertibles); (ii) capped or limited appreciation
potential relative to the underlying common stock; and (iii) dividend yields that are typically
higher than that on the underlying common stock. Thus, enhanced convertible securities offer
holders the opportunity to obtain higher current income than would be available from a traditional
equity security issued by the same company in return for reduced participation in the appreciation
potential of the underlying common stock. Other forms of enhanced convertible securities may
involve arrangements with no interest or dividend payments made until maturity of the security or
an enhanced principal amount received at maturity based on the yield and value of the underlying
equity security during the securitys term or at maturity.
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Foreign Investments
Foreign Securities. Foreign securities are equity or debt securities issued by issuers
outside the United States, and include securities in the form of American Depositary Receipts
(ADRs), European Depositary Receipts (EDRs), or other securities representing underlying securities
of foreign issuers (foreign securities). ADRs are receipts, issued by U.S. banks, for the shares
of foreign corporations, held by the bank issuing the receipt. ADRs are typically issued in
registered form, denominated in U.S. dollars and designed for use in the U.S. securities markets.
EDRs are similar to ADRs, except they are typically issued by European banks or trust companies,
denominated in foreign currencies and designed for use outside the U.S. securities markets. ADRs
and EDRs entitle the holder to all dividends and capital gains on the underlying foreign
securities, less any fees paid to the bank. Purchasing ADRs or EDRs gives a Fund the ability to
purchase the functional equivalent of foreign securities without going to the foreign securities
markets to do so. ADRs or EDRs that are sponsored means that the foreign corporation whose
shares are represented by the ADR or EDR is actively involved in the issuance of the ADR or EDR,
and generally provides material information about the corporation to the U.S. market. An
unsponsored ADR or EDR program means that the foreign corporation whose shares are held by the
bank is not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, the
market value of the ADR or EDR may not reflect important facts known only to the foreign company.
Foreign debt securities include corporate debt securities of foreign issuers, certain foreign
bank obligations (see Debt Investments Bank Instruments) and U.S. dollar or foreign currency
denominated obligations of foreign governments or their subdivisions, agencies and
instrumentalities (see Foreign Investments Foreign Government Obligations), international
agencies and supranational entities.
A Fund considers various factors when determining whether a company is in a particular
country, including whether: (1) it is organized under the laws of a country; (2) it has a principal
office in a country; (3) it derives 50% or more of its total revenues from businesses in a country;
and/or (4) its securities are traded principally on a stock exchange, or in an over-the-counter
market, in a particular country.
Investments by a Fund in foreign securities, including ADRs and EDRs, whether denominated in
U.S. dollars or foreign currencies, may entail all of the risks set forth below in addition to
those accompanying an investment in issuers in the United States.
Currency Risk. The value in U.S. dollars of any non-dollar-denominated foreign investments
will be affected by changes in currency exchange rates. The U.S. dollar value of a foreign
security decreases when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the foreign currency in which
the security is denominated and increases when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such
currency.
Political and Economic Risk. The economies of many countries in which the Funds may invest may
not be as developed as the United States economy and may be subject to significantly different
forces. Political, economic or social instability and development, expropriation or confiscatory
taxation, and limitations on the removal of funds or other assets could also adversely affect the
value of the Funds investments.
Regulatory Risk. Foreign companies are generally not subject to the regulatory controls
imposed on U.S. issuers and, as a consequence, there is generally less publicly available
information about foreign securities than is available about domestic securities. Foreign
companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards,
corporate governance practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to domestic
companies. Therefore, financial information about foreign companies may be incomplete, or may not
be comparable to the information available on U.S. companies. Income from foreign securities owned
by the Funds may be reduced by a withholding tax at the source, which tax would reduce dividend
income payable to the Funds shareholders.
There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges,
brokers, dealers, and listed companies in foreign countries than in the United States, thus
increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for
portfolio securities. Foreign markets may also have different clearance and settlement procedures.
If a Fund experiences settlement problems it may result in temporary periods when a portion of the
Funds assets are uninvested and could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment
- 16 -
opportunities or a potential liability to the Fund arising out of the Funds inability to
fulfill a contract to sell such securities.
Market Risk. Investing in foreign markets generally involves certain risks not typically
associated with investing in the United States. The securities markets in many foreign countries
will have substantially less trading volume than the U.S. markets. As a result, the securities of
some foreign companies may be less liquid and experience more price volatility than comparable
domestic securities. Obtaining and/or enforcing judgments in foreign countries may be more
difficult, which may make it more difficult to enforce contractual obligations. Increased
custodian costs as well as administrative costs (such as the need to use foreign custodians) may
also be associated with the maintenance of assets in foreign jurisdictions. In addition,
transaction costs in foreign securities markets are likely to be higher, since brokerage commission
rates in foreign countries are likely to be higher than in the United States.
Risks of Developing/Emerging Market Countries. A Fund may invest in securities of companies
located in developing/emerging market countries. Developing/emerging market countries are those
countries in the world other than developed countries of the European Union, the United States of
America, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, Hong Kong and Singapore.
Developed countries of the European Union are Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom.
Investments in developing and emerging market countries present risks in addition to, or
greater than, those presented by investments in foreign issuers generally, and may include the
following risks:
i. Restriction, to varying degrees, on foreign investment in stocks;
ii. Repatriation of investment income, capital, and the proceeds of sales in foreign countries
may require foreign governmental registration and/or approval;
iii. Greater risk of fluctuation in value of foreign investments due to changes in currency
exchange rates, currency control regulations or currency devaluation;
iv. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates may have negative effects on the
economies and securities markets of certain developing and emerging market countries;
v. Many of the developing and emerging market countries securities markets are relatively
small or less diverse, have low trading volumes, suffer periods of relative illiquidity, and are
characterized by significant price volatility; and
vi. There is a risk in developing and emerging market countries that a future economic or
political crisis could lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation or
confiscatory taxation, seizure, nationalization, or creation of government monopolies.
Foreign Government Obligations. Debt securities issued by foreign governments are often, but
not always, supported by the full faith and credit of the foreign governments, or their
subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities, that issue them. These securities involve the risks
discussed above under Foreign Securities. Additionally, the issuer of the debt or the governmental
authorities that control repayment of the debt may be unwilling or unable to pay interest or repay
principal when due. Political or economic changes or the balance of trade may affect a countrys
willingness or ability to service its debt obligations. Periods of economic uncertainty may result
in the volatility of market prices of sovereign debt obligations, especially debt obligations
issued by the governments of developing countries. Foreign government obligations of developing
countries, and some structures of emerging market debt securities, both of which are generally
below investment grade, are sometimes referred to as Brady Bonds.
Foreign Exchange Transactions. A Fund that may invest in foreign currency-denominated
securities has the authority to purchase and sell foreign currency options, foreign currency
futures contracts and related options,
- 17 -
and may engage in foreign currency transactions either on a spot (i.e., for prompt delivery
and settlement) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market at the time or through
forward currency contracts (referred to also as forward contracts; see also Derivatives Forward
Currency Contracts). Because forward contracts are privately negotiated transactions, there can
be no assurance that a counterparty will honor its obligations.
The Funds will incur any costs in converting assets from one currency to another. Foreign
exchange dealers may charge a fee for conversion. In addition, dealers may realize a profit based
on the difference between the prices at which they buy and sell various currencies in the spot and
forward markets.
A Fund will generally engage in these transactions in order to complete a purchase or sale of
foreign currency denominated securities The Funds may also use foreign currency options and forward
contracts to increase or reduce exposure to a foreign currency or to shift exposure from one
foreign currency to another in a cross currency hedge. Forward contracts are intended to minimize
the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currencies; however, at the same time,
they tend to limit any potential gain which might result should the value of such currencies
increase. Certain Funds may also engage in foreign exchange transactions, such as forward
contracts, for non-hedging purposes to enhance returns. Open positions in forward contracts used
for non-hedging purposes will be covered by the segregation of a sufficient amount of liquid
assets.
A Fund may purchase and sell currency futures and purchase and write currency options to
increase or decrease its exposure to different foreign currencies. A Fund also may purchase and
write currency options in connection with currency futures or forward contracts. Currency futures
contracts are similar to forward currency exchange contracts, except that they are traded on
exchanges and have standard contract sizes and delivery dates. Most currency futures contracts
call for payment or delivery in U.S. dollars. The uses and risks of currency futures are similar
to those of futures relating to securities or indices (see also Derivatives Futures
Contracts). Currency futures values can be expected to correlate with exchange rates but may not
reflect other factors that affect the value of the Funds investments.
Whether or not any hedging strategy will be successful is highly uncertain, and use of hedging
strategies may leave a Fund in a less advantageous position than if a hedge had not been
established. Moreover, it is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio
securities at the expiration of a foreign currency forward contract. Accordingly, a Fund may be
required to buy or sell additional currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such
transaction) if Invescos or the Sub-Advisers predictions regarding the movement of foreign
currency or securities markets prove inaccurate.
Certain Funds may hold a portion of their assets in bank deposits denominated in foreign
currencies, so as to facilitate investment in foreign securities as well as protect against
currency fluctuations and the need to convert such assets into U.S. dollars (thereby also reducing
transaction costs). To the extent these monies are converted back into U.S. dollars, the value of
the assets so maintained will be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency
exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Foreign exchange transactions may involve some of
the risks of investments in foreign securities. For a discussion of tax considerations relating to
foreign currency transactions, see Tax Matters Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions
Foreign currency transactions.
Floating Rate Corporate Loans and Corporate Debt Securities of Non-U.S. Borrowers. Floating
rate loans are made to and floating rate debt securities are issued by non-U.S. borrowers. Such
loans and securities may be U.S. dollar-denominated or otherwise provide for payment in U.S.
dollars or may be denominated in foreign currencies. The borrower will meet the credit quality
standards established by Invesco and the Sub-Advisers for U.S. borrowers. The Funds similarly may
invest in floating rate loans and floating rate debt securities made to U.S. borrowers with
significant non-U.S. dollar-denominated revenues. In some cases where the floating rate loans or
floating rate debt securities are not denominated in U.S. dollars, provisions may be made for
payments to the lenders, including the Funds, in U.S. dollars pursuant to foreign currency swaps.
Other Investments
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs). Most ETFs are registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) as investment companies. Therefore, a Funds purchase of shares
of an ETF may be subject to the restrictions on investments in other investment companies discussed
under Other Investments
- 18 -
Other Investment Companies. ETFs have management fees, which increase their cost. Each
Fund may invest in ETFs advised by unaffiliated advisers as well as ETFs advised by Invesco
PowerShares Capital Management LLC (PowerShares). Invesco, the Sub-Advisers and PowerShares are
affiliates of each other as they are all indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Invesco Ltd.
ETFs hold portfolios of securities, commodities and/or currencies that are designed to
replicate, as closely as possible before expenses, the price and/or yield of (i) a specified market
or other index, (ii) a basket of securities, commodities or currencies, or (iii) a particular
commodity or currency. The performance results of ETFs will not replicate exactly the performance
of the pertinent index, basket, commodity or currency due to transaction and other expenses,
including fees to service providers, borne by ETFs. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that
the portfolio of securities, commodities and/or currencies purchased by an ETF will replicate a
particular index or basket or price of a commodity or currency. ETF shares are sold and redeemed
at net asset value only in large blocks called creation units and redemption units, respectively.
ETF shares also may be purchased and sold in secondary market trading on national securities
exchanges, which allows investors to purchase and sell ETF shares at their market price throughout
the day.
Investments in ETFs generally present the same primary risks as an investment in a
conventional mutual fund that has the same investment objective, strategy and policies.
Investments in ETFs further involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the
commodity or currency, or in the types of securities, commodities and/or currencies included in the
indices or baskets the ETFs are designed to replicate. In addition, shares of an ETF may trade at
a market price that is higher or lower than their net asset value and an active trading market in
such shares may not develop or continue. Moreover, trading of an ETFs shares may be halted if the
listing exchanges officials deem such action to be appropriate, the shares are de-listed from the
exchange, or the activation of market-wide circuit breakers (which are tied to large decreases in
stock prices) halts stock trading generally.
Other Investment Companies. A Fund may purchase shares of other investment companies,
including ETFs. For each Fund, the 1940 Act imposes the following restrictions on investments in
other investment companies: (i) a Fund may not purchase more than 3% of the total outstanding
voting stock of another investment company; (ii) a Fund may not invest more than 5% of its total
assets in securities issued by another investment company; and (iii) a Fund may not invest more
than 10% of its total assets in securities issued by other investment companies. The 1940 Act and
related rules provide certain exemptions from these restrictions. For example, under certain
conditions, a fund may acquire an unlimited amount of shares of mutual funds that are part of the
same group of investment companies as the acquiring fund. In addition, these restrictions do not
apply to investments by the Funds in investment companies that are money market funds, including
money market funds that have Invesco or an affiliate of Invesco as an investment adviser (the
Affiliated Money Market Funds).
When a Fund purchases shares of another investment company, including an Affiliated Money
Market Fund, the Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of the advisory fees and other
operating expenses of such investment company and will be subject to the risks associated with the
portfolio investments of the underlying investment company.
Limited Partnerships. A limited partnership interest entitles the Fund to participate in the
investment return of the partnerships assets as defined by the agreement among the partners. As a
limited partner, the Fund generally is not permitted to participate in the management of the
partnership. However, unlike a general partner whose liability is not limited, a limited partners
liability generally is limited to the amount of its commitment to the partnership.
Defaulted Securities. Defaulted securities are debt securities on which the issuer is not
currently making interest payments. In order to enforce its rights in defaulted securities, the
Fund may be required to participate in legal proceedings or take possession of and manage assets
securing the issuers obligations on the defaulted securities. This could increase the Funds
operating expenses and adversely affect its net asset value. Risks in defaulted securities may be
considerably higher as they are generally unsecured and subordinated to other creditors of the
issuer. Any investments by the Fund in defaulted securities will also be considered illiquid
securities subject to any applicable restrictions on investment in illiquid securities, unless
Invesco and/or the Sub-Advisers determine that such defaulted securities are liquid under
guidelines adopted by the Funds Board of Trustees (Board).
- 19 -
Municipal Forward Contracts. A municipal forward contract is a municipal security which is
purchased on a when-issued basis with longer-than-standard settlement dates, in some cases taking
place up to five years from the date of purchase. The buyer, in this case the Fund, will execute a
receipt evidencing the obligation to purchase the bond on the specified issue date, and must
segregate cash to meet that forward commitment.
Municipal forward contracts typically carry a substantial yield premium to compensate the
buyer for the risks associated with a long when-issued period, including shifts in market interest
rates that could materially impact the principal value of the bond, deterioration in the credit
quality of the issuer, loss of alternative investment options during the when-issued period and
failure of the issuer to complete various steps required to issue the bonds.
Variable or Floating Rate Instruments. Variable or floating rate instruments are securities
that provide for a periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the obligation. The interest
rates for securities with variable interest rates are readjusted on set dates (such as the last day
of the month or calendar quarter) and the interest rates for securities with floating rates are
reset whenever a specified interest rate change occurs. Variable or floating interest rates
generally reduce changes in the market price of securities from their original purchase price
because, upon readjustment, such rates approximate market rates. Accordingly, as market interest
rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less for
variable or floating rate securities than for fixed rate obligations. Many securities with
variable or floating interest rates have a demand feature allowing a Fund to demand payment of
principal and accrued interest prior to its maturity. The terms of such demand instruments require
payment of principal and accrued interest by the issuer, a guarantor, and/or a liquidity provider.
All variable or floating rate instruments will meet the applicable rating standards of the Funds.
For some Funds, the Funds Adviser, or Sub-Adviser, as applicable, may determine that an unrated
floating rate or variable rate demand obligation meets the Funds rating standards by reason of
being backed by a letter of credit or guarantee issued by a bank that meets those rating standards.
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations. The inverse floating rate obligations in which the Fund
may invest are typically created through a division of a fixed-rate municipal obligation into two
separate instruments, a short-term obligation and a long-term obligation. The interest rate on the
short-term obligation is set at periodic auctions. The interest rate on the long-term obligation
which the Fund may purchase is the rate the issuer would have paid on the fixed-income obligation,
(i) plus the difference between such fixed rate and the rate on the short term obligation, if the
short-term rate is lower than the fixed rate or (ii) minus such difference if the interest rate on
the short-term obligation is higher than the fixed rate. These securities have varying degrees of
liquidity and the market value of such securities generally will fluctuate in response to changes
in market rates of interest to a greater extent than the value of an equal principal amount of a
fixed rate security having similar credit quality, redemption provisions and maturity. These
securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising interest rate
environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when interest rates decline or
remain relatively stable. Although volatile, inverse floating rate obligations typically offer the
potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit
quality, coupon, call provisions and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to
convert the floating rate security counterpart to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and
this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at
an opportune time.
Zero Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities. Zero coupon securities do not pay interest or
principal until final maturity unlike debt securities that traditionally provide periodic payments
of interest (referred to as a coupon payment). Investors must wait until maturity to receive
interest and principal, which increases the interest rate and credit risks of a zero coupon
security. Pay-in-kind securities are securities that have interest payable by delivery of
additional securities. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the aggregate par value of
the securities. Zero coupon and pay-in-kind securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in
value and less liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities
paying cash interest at regular interest payment periods. Investors may purchase zero coupon and
pay-in-kind securities at a price below the amount payable at maturity. The difference between the
purchase price and the amount paid at maturity represents original issue discount on the
security.
Premium Securities. Premium securities are securities bearing coupon rates higher than the
then prevailing market rates.
- 20 -
Premium securities are typically purchased at a premium, in other words, at a price greater
than the principal amount payable on maturity. The Fund will not amortize the premium paid for
such securities in calculating its net investment income. As a result, in such cases the purchase
of premium securities provides the Fund a higher level of investment income distributable to
shareholders on a current basis than if the Fund purchased securities bearing current market rates
of interest. However, the yield on these securities would remain at the current market rate. If
securities purchased by the Fund at a premium are called or sold prior to maturity, the Fund will
realize a loss to the extent the call or sale price is less than the purchase price. Additionally,
the Fund will realize a loss of principal if it holds such securities to maturity.
Participation Notes. Participation notes, also known as participation certificates, are
issued by banks or broker-dealers and are designed to replicate the performance of foreign
companies or foreign securities markets and can be used by the Fund as an alternative means to
access the securities market of a country. The performance results of participation notes will not
replicate exactly the performance of the foreign company or foreign securities market that they
seek to replicate due to transaction and other expenses. Investments in participation notes
involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the underlying foreign companies or
foreign securities market that they seek to replicate. Participation notes are generally traded
over-the-counter and are subject to counterparty risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that the
broker-dealer or bank that issues them will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the
transaction with the Fund. Participation notes constitute general unsecured contractual
obligations of the banks or broker-dealers that issue them, and a Fund is relying on the
creditworthiness of such banks or broker-dealers and has no rights under a participation note
against the issuer of the underlying assets.
Investment Techniques
Forward Commitments, When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities. Forward commitments,
when-issued or delayed delivery basis means that delivery and payment take place in the future
after the date of the commitment to purchase or sell the securities at a pre-determined price
and/or yield. Settlement of such transactions normally occurs a month or more after the purchase
or sale commitment is made. Typically, no interest accrues to the purchaser until the security is
delivered. Forward commitments also include To Be Announced (TBA) mortgage-backed securities,
which are contracts for the purchase or sale of mortgage-backed securities to be delivered at a
future agreed upon date, whereby the specific mortgage pool numbers or the number of pools that
will be delivered to fulfill the trade obligation or terms of the contract are unknown at the time
of the trade. A Fund may also enter into buy/sell back transactions (a form of delayed delivery
agreement). In a buy/sell back transaction, a Fund enters a trade to sell securities at one price
and simultaneously enters a trade to buy the same securities at another price for settlement at a
future date. Although a Fund generally intends to acquire or dispose of securities on a forward
commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis, a Fund may sell these securities or its
commitment before the settlement date if deemed advisable.
When purchasing a security on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis, a
Fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership of the security, including the risk of price and
yield fluctuation, and takes such fluctuations into account when determining its net asset value.
Securities purchased on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis are subject to
changes in value based upon the publics perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and
changes, real or anticipated, in the level of interest rates. Accordingly, securities acquired on
such a basis may expose a Fund to risks because they may experience such fluctuations prior to
actual delivery. Purchasing securities on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery
basis may involve the additional risk that the yield available in the market when the delivery
takes place actually may be higher than that obtained in the transaction itself.
Investment in these types of securities may increase the possibility that the Fund will incur
short-term gains subject to federal taxation or short-term losses if the Fund must engage in
portfolio transactions in order to honor its commitment. Until the settlement date, a Fund will
segregate liquid assets of a dollar value sufficient at all times to make payment for the forward
commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery transactions. Such segregated liquid assets will be
marked-to-market daily, and the amount segregated will be increased if necessary to maintain
adequate coverage of the delayed delivery commitments. The delayed delivery securities, which will
not begin to accrue interest or dividends until the settlement date, will be recorded as an asset
of a Fund and will be subject to the risk of market fluctuation. The purchase price of the delayed
delivery securities is a liability of a Fund until settlement.
- 21 -
Borrowing. The Funds may borrow money to the extent permitted under their respective
fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions. Such borrowings may be
utilized: (i) for temporary or emergency purposes; (ii) in anticipation of or in response to
adverse market conditions; or (iii) for cash management purposes. All borrowings are limited to an
amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of a Funds total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings). Any borrowings that exceed this amount will be
reduced within three business days to the extent necessary to comply with the 33
1/3% limitation even if it is not advantageous to sell securities at that
time.
The Funds may borrow from a bank or broker-dealer. Additionally, the Funds are permitted to
temporarily carry a negative or overdrawn balance in their account with their custodian bank. To
compensate the custodian bank for such overdrafts, the Funds may either (i) leave funds as a
compensating balance in their account so the custodian bank can be compensated by earning interest
on such funds; or (ii) compensate the custodian bank by paying it an agreed upon rate. A Fund may
not purchase additional securities when any borrowings from banks or broker-dealers exceed 5% of
the Funds total assets or when any borrowings from a Fund are outstanding.
Lending Portfolio Securities. A Fund may lend its portfolio securities (principally to
broker-dealers) to generate additional income. Such loans are callable at any time and are
continuously secured by segregated collateral equal to no less than the market value, determined
daily, of the loaned securities. Such collateral will be cash, letters of credit, or debt
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies. A Fund will loan
its securities only to parties that Invesco has determined are in good standing and when, in
Invescos judgment, the income earned would justify the risks.
A Fund will not have the right to vote securities while they are on loan, but it can call a
loan in anticipation of an important vote. The Fund would receive income in lieu of dividends on
loaned securities and may, at the same time, generate income on the loan collateral or on the
investment of any cash collateral.
If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the securities loaned because of
insolvency or other reasons, the Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering securities
loaned or gaining access to the collateral. If the Fund is not able to recover the securities
loaned, the Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market.
Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if and to the extent that the market value of
the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly.
Any cash received as collateral for loaned securities will be invested, in accordance with a
Funds investment guidelines, in short-term money market instruments or funds. Investing this cash
subjects that investment to market appreciation or depreciation. For purposes of determining
whether a Fund is complying with its investment policies, strategies and restrictions, the Fund
will consider the loaned securities as assets of the Fund, but will not consider any collateral
received as a Fund asset. The Fund will bear any loss on the investment of cash collateral.
For a discussion of tax considerations relating to lending portfolio securities, see Tax
Matters Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions Securities lending.
Repurchase Agreements. A Fund may engage in repurchase agreement transactions involving the
types of securities in which it is permitted to invest. Repurchase agreements are agreements under
which a Fund acquires ownership of a security from a broker-dealer or bank that agrees to
repurchase the security at a mutually agreed upon time and price (which is higher than the purchase
price), thereby determining the yield during a Funds holding period. A Fund may enter into a
continuing contract or open repurchase agreement under which the seller is under a continuing
obligation to repurchase the underlying securities from the Fund on demand and the effective
interest rate is negotiated on a daily basis. Repurchase agreements may be viewed as loans made by
a Fund which are collateralized by the securities subject to repurchase.
If the seller of a repurchase agreement fails to repurchase the security in accordance with
the terms of the agreement, a Fund might incur expenses in enforcing its rights, and could
experience a loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of the
sale including accrued interest are less than the resale price provided in the agreement, including
interest. In addition, although the Bankruptcy Code and other insolvency laws may provide certain
protections for some types of repurchase agreements, if the seller of a repurchase agreement
- 22 -
should be involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, a Fund may incur delay and costs
in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and interest if the value of
the underlying security declines. The securities underlying a repurchase agreement will be
marked-to-market every business day so that the value of such securities is at least equal to the
investment value of the repurchase agreement, including any accrued interest thereon.
The Funds may invest their cash balances in joint accounts with other Funds for the purpose of
investing in repurchase agreements with maturities not to exceed 60 days, and in certain other
money market instruments with remaining maturities not to exceed 90 days. Repurchase agreements
are considered loans by a Fund under the 1940 Act.
Restricted and Illiquid Securities. Illiquid securities are securities that cannot be
disposed of within seven days in the normal course of business at the price at which they are
valued. Illiquid securities may include a wide variety of investments, such as: (1) repurchase
agreements maturing in more than seven days (unless the agreements have demand/redemption
features); (2) over-the-counter (OTC) options contracts and certain other derivatives (including
certain swap agreements); (3) fixed time deposits that are not subject to prepayment or that
provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits); (4) loan
interests and other direct debt instruments; (5) municipal lease obligations; (6) commercial paper
issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act; and (7) securities that are unregistered, that can
be sold to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, or that
are exempt from registration under the 1933 Act or otherwise restricted under the federal
securities laws.
Limitations on the resale of restricted securities may have an adverse effect on their
marketability, which may prevent a Fund from disposing of them promptly at reasonable prices. The
Fund may have to bear the expense of registering such securities for resale, and the risk of
substantial delays in effecting such registrations. A Funds difficulty valuing and selling
illiquid securities may result in a loss or be costly to the Fund.
If a substantial market develops for a restricted security or other illiquid investment held
by a Fund, it may be treated as a liquid security, in accordance with procedures and guidelines
approved by the Board. While Invesco monitors the liquidity of restricted securities on a daily
basis, the Board oversees and retains ultimate responsibility for Invescos liquidity
determinations. Invesco considers various factors when determining whether a security is liquid,
including the frequency of trades, availability of quotations and number of dealers or qualified
institutional buyers in the market.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements are agreements that involve the
sale of securities held by a Fund to financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers, with
an agreement that the Fund will repurchase the securities at an agreed upon price and date. During
the reverse repurchase agreement period, the Fund continues to receive interest and principal
payments on the securities sold. A Fund may employ reverse repurchase agreements (i) for temporary
emergency purposes; (ii) to cover short-term cash requirements resulting from the timing of trade
settlements; or (iii) to take advantage of market situations where the interest income to be earned
from the investment of the proceeds of the transaction is greater than the interest expense of the
transaction.
Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of securities to be
purchased by the Fund may decline below the price at which the Fund is obligated to repurchase the
securities, or that the other party may default on its obligation, so that the Fund is delayed or
prevented from completing the transaction. At the time the Fund enters into a reverse repurchase
agreement, it will segregate, and maintain, liquid assets having a dollar value equal to the
repurchase price. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files
for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Funds use of the proceeds from the sale of the securities
may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether
to enforce the Funds obligation to repurchase the securities. Reverse repurchase agreements are
considered borrowings by a Fund under the 1940 Act.
Mortgage Dollar Rolls. A mortgage dollar roll (a dollar roll) is a type of transaction that
involves the sale by a Fund of a mortgage-backed security to a financial institution such as a bank
or broker-dealer, with an agreement that the Fund will repurchase a substantially similar (i.e.,
same type, coupon and maturity) security at an agreed upon price and date. The mortgage-backed
securities that are purchased will bear the same interest rate as those sold, but will generally be
collateralized by different pools of mortgages with different prepayment histories.
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During the period between the sale and repurchase a Fund will not be entitled to receive
interest or principal payments on the securities sold but is compensated for the difference between
the current sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. In addition, cash proceeds
of the sale may be invested in short-term instruments and the income from these investments,
together with any additional fee income received on the sale, would generate income for a Fund. A
Fund typically enters into a dollar roll transaction to enhance the Funds return either on an
income or total return basis or to manage pre-payment risk.
Dollar roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities retained by
a Fund may decline below the price of the securities that the Fund has sold but is obligated to
repurchase under the agreement. In the event the buyer of securities under a dollar roll
transaction files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Funds use of the proceeds from the sale
of the securities may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or
receiver, whether to enforce the Funds obligation to repurchase the securities. Dollar rolls are
considered borrowings by a Fund under the 1940 Act. At the time a Fund enters into a dollar roll
transaction, a sufficient amount of assets held by the Fund will be segregated to meet the forward
commitment.
Unless the benefits of the sale exceed the income, capital appreciation or gains on the
securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the investment performance of a Fund will be less than
what the performance would have been without the use of dollar rolls. The benefits of dollar rolls
may depend upon the Adviser or Sub-Advisers ability to predict mortgage repayments and interest
rates. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed.
Standby Commitments. Certain Funds may acquire securities that are subject to standby
commitments from banks or other municipal securities dealers.
Under a standby commitment, a bank or dealer would agree to purchase, at the Funds option,
specified securities at a specified price. Standby commitments generally increase the cost of the
acquisition of the underlying security, thereby reducing the yield. Standby commitments depend
upon the issuers ability to fulfill its obligation upon demand. Although no definitive
creditworthiness criteria are used for this purpose, Invesco reviews the creditworthiness of the
banks and other municipal securities dealers from which the Funds obtain standby commitments in
order to evaluate those risks.
Derivatives
The following discussion regarding derivatives is qualified by each Funds investment policies
and restrictions discussed in the Investment Policies and Restrictions section of this SAI and in
Appendix C to this SAI. A derivative is a financial instrument whose value is dependent upon the
value of other assets, rates or indices, referred to as an underlying reference. These underlying
references may include commodities, stocks, bonds, interest rates, currency exchange rates or
related indices. Derivatives include swaps, options, warrants, futures and forward currency
contracts. Some derivatives, such as futures and certain options, are traded on U.S. commodity or
securities exchanges, while other derivatives, such as swap agreements, are privately negotiated
and entered into in the OTC market.
Derivatives may be used for hedging, which means that they may be used when the portfolio
manager seeks to protect the Funds investments from a decline in value, which could result from
changes in interest rates, market prices, currency fluctuations and other market factors.
Derivatives may also be used when the portfolio manager seeks to increase liquidity, implement a
tax or cash management strategy, invest in a particular stock, bond or segment of the market in a
more efficient or less expensive way, modify the characteristics of the Funds portfolio
investments, for example, duration, and/or to enhance return. However derivatives are used, their
successful use is not assured and will depend upon the portfolio managers ability to predict and
understand relevant market movements.
Because certain derivatives involve leverage, that is, the amount invested may be smaller than
the full economic exposure of the derivative instrument and the Fund could lose more than it
invested, federal securities laws, regulations and guidance may require the Fund to earmark assets
to reduce the risks associated with derivatives or to otherwise hold instruments that offset the
Funds obligations under the derivatives instrument. This process is known as cover. A Fund
will not enter into any derivative transaction unless it can comply with SEC
- 24 -
guidance regarding cover, and, if SEC guidance so requires, a Fund will earmark cash or liquid
assets with a value sufficient to cover its obligations under a derivative transaction or otherwise
cover the transaction in accordance with applicable SEC guidance. If a large portion of a Funds
assets is used for cover, it could affect portfolio management or the Funds ability to meet
current obligations. The leverage involved in certain derivative transactions may result in a
Funds net asset value being more sensitive to changes in the value of the related investment.
General risks associated with derivatives:
The use by the Funds of derivatives may involve certain risks, as described below.
Counterparty Risk: OTC derivatives are generally governed by a single master agreement for
each counterparty. Counterparty risk refers to the risk that the counterparty under the agreement
will not live up to its obligations. An agreement may not contemplate delivery of collateral to
support fully a counterpartys contractual obligation; therefore, a Fund might need to rely on
contractual remedies to satisfy the counterpartys full obligation. As with any contractual
remedy, there is no guarantee that a Fund will be successful in pursuing such remedies,
particularly in the event of the counterpartys bankruptcy. The agreement may allow for netting of
the counterpartys obligations on specific transactions, in which case a Funds obligation or right
will be the net amount owed to or by the counterparty. The Fund will not enter into a derivative
transaction with any counterparty that Invesco and/or the Sub-Advisers believe does not have the
financial resources to honor its obligations under the transaction. Invesco monitors the financial
stability of counterparties. Where the obligations of the counterparty are guaranteed, Invesco
monitors the financial stability of the guarantor instead of the counterparty.
A Fund will not enter into a transaction with any single counterparty if the net amount owed
or to be received under existing transactions under the agreements with that counterparty would
exceed 5% of the Funds net assets determined on the date the transaction is entered into.
Leverage Risk: Leverage exists when a Fund can lose more than it originally invests because
it purchases or sells an instrument or enters into a transaction without investing an amount equal
to the full economic exposure of the instrument or transaction. A Fund mitigates leverage by
segregating or earmarking assets or otherwise covers transactions that may give rise to leverage.
Liquidity Risk: The risk that a particular derivative is difficult to sell or liquidate. If
a derivative transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, it may not be
possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which
may result in significant losses to the Fund.
Pricing Risk: The risk that the value of a particular derivative does not move in tandem or
as otherwise expected relative to the corresponding underlying instruments.
Regulatory Risk: The risk that a change in laws or regulations will materially impact a
security or market.
Tax Risks: For a discussion of the tax considerations relating to derivative transactions,
see Tax Matters Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions.
General risks of hedging strategies using derivatives:
The use by the Funds of hedging strategies involves special considerations and risks, as
described below.
Successful use of hedging transactions depends upon Invescos and the Sub-Advisers ability to
predict correctly the direction of changes in the value of the applicable markets and securities,
contracts and/or currencies. While Invesco and the Sub-Advisers are experienced in the use of
derivatives for hedging, there can be no assurance that any particular hedging strategy will
succeed.
In a hedging transaction, there might be imperfect correlation, or even no correlation,
between the price movements of an instrument used for hedging and the price movements of the
investments being hedged. Such a
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lack of correlation might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being
hedged, such as changing interest rates, market liquidity, and speculative or other pressures on
the markets in which the hedging instrument is traded.
Hedging strategies, if successful, can reduce risk of loss by wholly or partially offsetting
the negative effect of unfavorable price movements in the investments being hedged. However,
hedging strategies can also reduce opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of
favorable price movements in the hedged investments.
Types of derivatives:
Swap Agreements. Generally, swap agreements are contracts between a Fund and a brokerage
firm, bank, or other financial institution (the counterparty) for periods ranging from a few days
to multiple years. In a basic swap transaction, the Fund agrees with its counterparty to exchange
the returns (or differentials in returns) earned or realized on a particular asset such as an
equity or debt security, commodity, currency or interest rate, calculated with respect to a
notional amount. The notional amount is the set amount selected by the parties to use as the
basis on which to calculate the obligations that the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to
exchange. The parties typically do not exchange the notional amount. Instead, they agree to
exchange the returns that would be earned or realized if the notional amount were invested in given
investments or at given interest rates. Examples of returns that may be exchanged in a swap
agreement are those of a particular security, a particular fixed or variable interest rate, a
particular foreign currency, or a basket of securities representing a particular index. In some
cases, such as cross currency swaps, the swap agreement may require delivery (exchange) of the
entire notional value of one designated currency for another designated currency.
Numerous proposals have been made by various regulatory entities and rulemaking bodies to
regulate the OTC derivatives markets, including, specifically, credit default swaps. The Fund
cannot predict the outcome or final form of any of these proposals or if or when any of them would
become effective. However, any additional regulation or limitation on the OTC markets for
derivatives could materially and adversely impact the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC
derivatives, including credit default swaps.
Commonly used swap agreements include:
Credit Default Swaps (CDS). An agreement between two parties where the first party agrees
to make one or more payments to the second party, while the second party assumes the risk of
certain defaults, generally a failure to pay or bankruptcy of the issuer on a referenced debt
obligation. CDS transactions are typically individually negotiated and structured. A Fund may
enter into CDS to create long or short exposure to domestic or foreign corporate debt securities,
sovereign debt securities or municipal securities.
A Fund may buy a CDS (buy credit protection). In this transaction the Fund makes a stream of
payments based on a fixed interest rate (the premium) over the life of the swap in exchange for a
counterparty (the seller) taking on the risk of default of a referenced debt obligation (the
Reference Obligation). If a credit event occurs for the Reference Obligation, the Fund would
cease making premium payments and it would deliver defaulted bonds to the seller. In return, the
seller would pay the notional value of the Reference Obligation to the Fund. Alternatively, the
two counterparties may agree to cash settlement in which the seller delivers to the Fund (buyer)
the difference between the market value and the notional value of the Reference Obligation. If no
event of default occurs, the Fund pays the fixed premium to the seller for the life of the
contract, and no other exchange occurs.
Alternatively, a Fund may sell a CDS (sell credit protection). In this transaction the Fund
will receive premium payments from the buyer in exchange for taking the risk of default of the
Reference Obligation. If a credit event occurs for the Reference Obligation, the buyer would cease
to make premium payments to the Fund and deliver the Reference Obligation to the Fund. In return,
the Fund would pay the notional value of the Reference Obligation to the buyer. Alternatively, the
two counterparties may agree to cash settlement in which the Fund would pay the buyer the
difference between the market value and the notional value of the Reference Obligation. If no
event of default occurs, the Fund receives the premium payments over the life of the contract, and
no other exchange occurs.
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Credit Default Index (CDX). A CDX is an index of CDS. CDX allow an investor to manage
credit risk or to take a position on a basket of credit entities (such as CDS or commercial
mortgage-backed securities (CMBS)) in a more efficient manner than transacting in single name
CDS. If a credit event occurs in one of the underlying companies, the protection is paid out via
the delivery of the defaulted bond by the buyer of protection in return for payment of the notional
value of the defaulted bond by the seller of protection or it may be settled through a cash
settlement between the two parties. The underlying company is then removed from the index. New
series of CDX are issued on a regular basis. A Commercial Mortgage-Backed Index (CMBX) is a type
of CDX made up of 25 tranches of commercial mortgage-backed securities rather than CDS. Unlike
other CDX contracts where credit events are intended to capture an event of default CMBX involves a
pay-as-you-go (PAUG) settlement process designed to capture non-default events that affect the
cash flow of the reference obligation. PAUG involves ongoing, two-way payments over the life of a
contract between the buyer and the seller of protection and is designed to closely mirror the cash
flow of a portfolio of cash commercial mortgage-backed securities.
Currency Swap. An agreement between two parties pursuant to which the parties exchange a U.S.
dollar-denominated payment for a payment denominated in a different currency.
Interest Rate Swap. An agreement between two parties pursuant to which the parties exchange a
floating rate payment for a fixed rate payment based on a specified principal or notional amount.
In other words, Party A agrees to pay Party B a fixed interest rate and in return Party B agrees to
pay Party A a variable interest rate.
Total Return Swap. An agreement in which one party makes payments based on a set rate, either
fixed or variable, while the other party makes payments based on the return of an underlying asset,
which includes both the income it generates and any capital gains.
Inflation Swaps. Inflation swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to pay the
cumulative percentage increase in a price index, such as the Consumer Price Index, over the term of
the swap (with some lag on the referenced inflation index), and the other party pays a compounded
fixed rate. Inflation swap agreements may be used to protect the net asset value of a Fund against
an unexpected change in the rate of inflation measured by an inflation index. The value of
inflation swap agreements is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates.
Real interest rates are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of
inflation.
Interest Rate Locks. An interest rate lock is a hedging agreement in which the parties lock
in an interest rate at a future maturity date. A cash settlement payment on that date that
reflects changes in agreed upon interest rates. This settlement payment is designed to offset
changes in the cost of borrowing for the hedged bond transaction. An interest rate lock may be
terminated prior to its stated maturity date by calculating the payment due as of the termination
date.
Options. An option is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for the
premium paid, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the
writer of the option at the exercise price during the term of the option (for American style
options or on a specified date for European style options), the security, currency or other
instrument underlying the option (or in the case of an index option the cash value of the index).
Options on a CDS or a Futures Contract (defined below) give the purchaser the right to enter into a
CDS or assume a position in a Futures Contract.
The Funds may engage in certain strategies involving options to attempt to manage the risk of
their investments or, in certain circumstances, for investment (i.e., as a substitute for investing
in securities). Option transactions present the possibility of large amounts of exposure (or
leverage), which may result in a Funds net asset value being more sensitive to changes in the
value of the option.
The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the current market value of
the underlying investment, the time remaining until expiration, the relationship of the exercise
price to the market price of the underlying investment, the price volatility of the underlying
investment and general market and interest rate conditions.
- 27 -
A Fund may effectively terminate its right or obligation under an option by entering into an
offsetting closing transaction. For example, a Fund may terminate its obligation under a call or
put option that it had written by purchasing an identical call or put option, which is known as a
closing purchase transaction. Conversely, a Fund may terminate a position in a put or call option
it had purchased by writing an identical put or call option, which is known as a closing sale
transaction. Closing transactions permit a Fund to realize profits or limit losses on an option
position prior to its exercise or expiration.
Options may be either listed on an exchange or traded in OTC markets. Listed options are
tri-party contracts (i.e., performance of the obligations of the purchaser and seller are
guaranteed by the exchange or clearing corporation) and have standardized strike prices and
expiration dates. OTC options are two-party contracts with negotiated strike prices and expiration
dates and differ from exchange-traded options in that OTC options are transacted with dealers
directly and not through a clearing corporation (which guarantees performance). In the case of OTC
options, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular
option at any specific time; therefore the Fund may be required to treat some or all OTC options as
illiquid securities. Although a Fund will enter into OTC options only with dealers that are
expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with it , there is no assurance that
the Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option position at a favorable price prior to
exercise or expiration. In the event of insolvency of the dealer, a Fund might be unable to close
out an OTC option position at any time prior to its expiration.
Types of Options:
Put Options on Securities. A put option gives the purchaser the right to sell, to the writer,
the underlying security, contract or foreign currency at the stated exercise price at any time
prior to the expiration date of the option for American style options or on a specified date for
European style options, regardless of the market price or exchange rate of the security, contract
or foreign currency, as the case may be, at the time of exercise. If the purchaser exercises the
put option, the writer of a put option is obligated to buy the underlying security, contract or
foreign currency for the exercise price.
Call Options on Securities. A call option gives the purchaser the right to buy, from the
writer, the underlying security, contract or foreign currency at the stated exercise price at any
time prior to the expiration of the option (for American style options) or on a specified date (for
European style options), regardless of the market price or exchange rate of the security, contract
or foreign currency, as the case may be, at the time of exercise. If the purchaser exercises the
call option, the writer of a call option is obligated to sell to and deliver the underlying
security, contract or foreign currency to the purchaser of the call option for the exercise price.
Index Options. Index options (or options on securities indices) give the holder the right to
receive, upon exercise, cash instead of securities, if the closing level of the securities index
upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of
a put, the exercise price of the option. The amount of cash is equal to the difference between the
closing price of the index and the exercise price of the call or put times a specified multiple
(the multiplier), which determines the total dollar value for each point of such difference.
The risks of investment in index options may be greater than options on securities. Because
index options are settled in cash, when a Fund writes a call on an index it cannot provide in
advance for its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the underlying
securities. A Fund can offset some of the risk of writing a call index option by holding a
diversified portfolio of securities similar to those on which the underlying index is based.
However, the Fund cannot, as a practical matter, acquire and hold a portfolio containing exactly
the same securities that underlie the index and, as a result, bears the risk that the value of the
securities held will not be perfectly correlated with the value of the index.
CDS Option. A CDS option transaction gives the holder the right to enter into a CDS at a
specified future date and under specified terms in exchange for a purchase price or premium. The
writer of the option bears the risk of any unfavorable move in the value of the CDS relative to the
market value on the exercise date, while the purchaser may allow the option to expire unexercised.
- 28 -
Options on Futures Contracts. Options on Futures Contracts give the holder the right to
assume a position in a Futures Contract (to buy the Futures Contract if the option is a call and to
sell the Futures Contract if the option is a put) at a specified exercise price at any time during
the period of the option.
Swaptions. An option on a swap agreement, also called a swaption, is an option that gives
the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a swap on a future date in exchange for
paying a market based premium. A receiver swaption gives the owner the right to receive the total
return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. A payer swaption gives the owner the right
to pay the total return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. Swaptions also include
options that allow an existing swap to be terminated or extended by one of the counterparties.
Option Techniques:
Writing Options. A Fund may write options to generate additional income and to seek to hedge
its portfolio against market or exchange rate movements. As the writer of an option, the Fund may
have no control over when the underlying instruments must be sold (in the case of a call option) or
purchased (in the case of a put option) because the option purchaser may notify the Fund of
exercise at any time prior to the expiration of the option (for American style options). In
general, options are rarely exercised prior to expiration. Whether or not an option expires
unexercised, the writer retains the amount of the premium.
A Fund would write a put option at an exercise price that, reduced by the premium received on
the option, reflects the price it is willing to pay for the underlying security, contract or
currency. In return for the premium received for writing a put option, the Fund assumes the risk
that the price of the underlying security, contract, or foreign currency will decline below the
exercise price, in which case the put would be exercised and the Fund would suffer a loss.
In return for the premium received for writing a call option on a security the Fund holds, the
Fund foregoes the opportunity for profit from a price increase in the underlying security,
contract, or foreign currency above the exercise price so long as the option remains open, but
retains the risk of loss should the price of the security, contract, or foreign currency decline.
If an option that a Fund has written expires, the Fund will realize a gain in the amount of
the premium; however, such gain may be offset by a decline in the market value of the underlying
security, contract or currency, held by the Fund during the option period. If a call option is
exercised, a Fund will realize a gain or loss from the sale of the underlying security, contract or
currency, which will be increased or offset by the premium received. The obligation imposed upon
the writer of an option is terminated upon the expiration of the option, or such earlier time at
which a Fund effects a closing purchase transaction by purchasing an option (put or call as the
case may be) identical to that previously sold.
Purchasing Options. A Fund may only purchase a put option on an underlying security, contract
or currency owned by the Fund in order to protect against an anticipated decline in the value of
the security, contract or currency held by the Fund; or purchase put options on underlying
securities, contracts or currencies against which it has written other put options. The premium
paid for the put option and any transaction costs would reduce any profit realized when the
security, contract or currency is delivered upon the exercise of the put option. Conversely, if
the underlying security, contract or currency does not decline in value, the option may expire
worthless and the premium paid for the protective put would be lost.
A Fund may purchase a call option for the purpose of acquiring the underlying security,
contract or currency for its portfolio, or on underlying securities, contracts or currencies
against which it has written other call options. The Fund is not required to own the underlying
security in order to purchase a call option. If the Fund does not own the underlying position, the
purchase of a call option would enable a Fund to acquire the security, contract or currency at the
exercise price of the call option plus the premium paid. So long as it holds a call option, rather
than the underlying security, contract or currency itself, the Fund is partially protected from any
unexpected increase in the market price of the underlying security, contract or currency. If the
market price does not exceed the exercise price, the Fund could purchase the security on the open
market and could allow the call option to expire, incurring a loss only to the extent of the
premium paid for the option.
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Straddles/Spreads/Collars.
Spread and straddle options transactions. In spread transactions, a Fund buys and writes a
put or buys and writes a call on the same underlying instrument with the options having different
exercise prices, expiration dates, or both. In straddles, a Fund purchases a put option and a
call option or writes a put option and a call option on the same instrument with the same
expiration date and typically the same exercise price. When a Fund engages in spread and straddle
transactions, it seeks to profit from differences in the option premiums paid and received and in
the market prices of the related options positions when they are closed out or sold. Because these
transactions require the Fund to buy and/or write more than one option simultaneously, the Funds
ability to enter into such transactions and to liquidate its positions when necessary or deemed
advisable may be more limited than if the Fund were to buy or sell a single option. Similarly,
costs incurred by the Fund in connection with these transactions will in many cases be greater than
if the Fund were to buy or sell a single option.
Option Collars. A Fund also may use option collars. A collar position combines a put
option purchased by the Fund (the right of the Fund to sell a specific security within a specified
period) with a call option that is written by the Fund (the right of the counterparty to buy the
same security) in a single instrument. The Funds right to sell the security is typically set at a
price that is below the counterpartys right to buy the security. Thus, the combined position
collars the performance of the underlying security, providing protection from depreciation below
the price specified in the put option, and allowing for participation in any appreciation up to the
price specified by the call option.
Warrants. A warrant gives the holder the right to purchase securities from the issuer at a
specific price within a certain time frame and is similar to a call option. The main difference
between warrants and call options is that warrants are issued by the company that will issue the
underlying security, whereas options are not issued by the company. Young, unseasoned companies
often issue warrants to finance their operations.
Rights. Rights are equity securities representing a preemptive right of stockholders to
purchase additional shares of a stock at the time of a new issuance, before the stock is offered to
the general public. A stockholder who purchases rights may be able to retain the same ownership
percentage after the new stock offering. A right usually enables the stockholder to purchase
common stock at a price below the initial offering price. A Fund that purchases a right takes the
risk that the right might expire worthless because the market value of the common stock falls below
the price fixed by the right.
Futures Contracts. A Futures Contract is a two-party agreement to buy or sell a specified
amount of a specified security or currency (or delivery of a cash settlement price, in the case of
certain futures such as an index future or Eurodollar Future) for a specified price at a designated
date, time and place (collectively, Futures Contracts). A sale of a Futures Contract means the
acquisition of a contractual obligation to deliver the underlying instrument or asset called for by
the contract at a specified price on a specified date. A purchase of a Futures Contract means
the acquisition of a contractual obligation to acquire the underlying instrument or asset called
for by the contract at a specified price on a specified date.
The Funds will only enter into Futures Contracts that are traded (either domestically or
internationally) on futures exchanges and are standardized as to maturity date and underlying
financial instrument. Futures exchanges and trading thereon in the United States are regulated
under the Commodity Exchange Act and by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Foreign
futures exchanges and trading thereon are not regulated by the CFTC and are not subject to the same
regulatory controls. Each Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity
pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and, therefore, is not subject to registration or
regulation as a pool operator under the act.
However, in February 2012, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) announced
regulatory amendments to the provisions that permitted the Funds to claim an exclusion from the
definition of commodity pool operator. As amended, the CFTC rules would subject a registered
investment companys investment adviser to regulation by the CFTC if the registered investment
companys investments in commodity futures, commodity options, or swaps exceed prescribed limits,
or if the registered investment company markets itself as trading in or otherwise providing
investment exposure to commodity interests or swaps markets. Upon the effectiveness of these
regulatory amendments, an investment adviser to a Fund that invests in commodity futures, commodity
options or
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swaps may become subject to CFTC regulation and may be required to comply with disclosure and
operations requirements of CFTC and self-regulatory organization regulations. Compliance with
these additional requirements would likely result in increased Fund expenses. Alternatively, a
Fund may need to revise its investment strategies with respect to its investments in commodity
futures, commodity options, or swaps in order to avoid being subject to CFTC regulation, which
could deprive the Fund of the investment benefits that the use of commodity interests and related
instruments may provide.
Brokerage fees are incurred when a Futures Contract is bought or sold, and margin deposits
must be maintained at all times when a Futures Contract is outstanding. Margin for a Futures
Contracts is the amount of funds that must be deposited by a Fund in order to initiate Futures
Contracts trading and maintain its open positions in Futures Contracts. A margin deposit made when
the Futures Contract is entered (initial margin) is intended to ensure the Funds performance
under the Futures Contract. The margin required for a particular Futures Contract is set by the
exchange on which the Futures Contract is traded and may be significantly modified from time to
time by the exchange during the term of the Futures Contract.
Subsequent payments, called variation margin, received from or paid to the futures
commission merchant through which a Fund enters into the Futures Contract will be made on a daily
basis as the futures price fluctuates making the Futures Contract more or less valuable, a process
known as marking-to-market. When the Futures Contract is closed out, if the Fund has a loss equal
to or greater than the margin amount, the margin amount is paid to the futures commission merchant
along with any amount in excess of the margin amount; if the Fund has a loss of less than the
margin amount, the difference is returned to the Fund; or if the Fund has a gain, the margin amount
is paid to the Fund and the futures commission merchant pays the Fund any excess gain over the
margin amount.
Closing out an open Futures Contract is affected by entering into an offsetting Futures
Contract for the same aggregate amount of the identical financial instrument or currency and the
same delivery date. There can be no assurance, however, that a Fund will be able to enter into an
offsetting transaction with respect to a particular Futures Contract at a particular time. If a
Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, it will continue to be required to
maintain the margin deposits on the Futures Contract.
In addition, if a Fund were unable to liquidate a Futures Contract or an option on a Futures
Contract position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price
limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk
with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, the Fund would
continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments.
Types of Futures Contracts:
Currency Futures. A currency Futures Contract is a standardized, exchange-traded contract to
buy or sell a particular currency at a specified price at a future date (commonly three months or
more). Currency Futures Contracts may be highly volatile and thus result in substantial gains or
losses to the Fund.
Index Futures. A stock index Futures Contract is an exchange-traded contract that provides
for the delivery, at a designated date, time and place, of an amount of cash equal to a specified
dollar amount times the difference between the stock index value at the close of trading on the
date specified in the contract and the price agreed upon in the Futures Contract; no physical
delivery of stocks comprising the index is made.
Interest Rate Futures. An interest-rate Futures Contract is an exchange-traded contact in
which the specified underlying security is either an interest-bearing fixed income security or an
inter-bank deposit. Two examples of common interest rate Futures Contracts are U.S. Treasury
futures and Eurodollar Futures Contracts. The specified security for U.S. Treasury futures is a
U.S. Treasury security. The specified security for Eurodollar futures is the London Interbank
Offered Rate (LIBOR) which is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks
offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the London wholesale money market.
Security Futures. A security Futures Contract is an exchange-traded contract to purchase or
sell, in the future, a specified quantity of a security (other than a Treasury security, or a
narrow-based securities index) at a certain price.
- 31 -
Forward Currency Contracts. A forward currency contract is an over-the-counter contract
between two parties to buy or sell a particular currency at a specified price at a future date.
The parties may exchange currency at the maturity of the forward currency contract, or if the
parties agree prior to maturity, enter into a closing transaction involving the purchase or sale of
an offsetting amount of currency. Forward currency contracts are traded over-the-counter, and not
on organized commodities or securities exchanges.
A Fund may enter into forward currency contracts with respect to a specific purchase or sale
of a security, or with respect to its portfolio positions generally.
The cost to a Fund of engaging in forward currency contracts varies with factors such as the
currencies involved, the length of the contract period, interest rate differentials and the
prevailing market conditions. Because forward currency contracts are usually entered into on a
principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. The use of forward currency contracts does
not eliminate fluctuations in the prices of the underlying securities a Fund owns or intends to
acquire, but it does establish a rate of exchange in advance. While forward currency contract
sales limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currencies, they also
limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currencies increase.
Investment Policies and Restrictions
Each Fund is subject to the following restrictions that are fundamental, which means that
they may not be changed without shareholder approval, as provided under the 1940 Act. This section
describes such investment restrictions and policies for each Fund. Capitalized terms not otherwise
defined herein are used as defined in the Funds original prospectus, as amended. References in
the Funds fundamental policies and restrictions to the Prospectus or above sections should be
read as references to the Funds original prospectus, as amended.
Invesco Value Municipal Income Trust (IIM)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a
taxable security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which
does not include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under
Tax Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
As to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the
securities of any one issuer. This limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or
guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of
25% of the Funds total assets. |
2. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
- 32 -
4. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
(iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
(iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
6. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
7. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
8. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
9. |
|
Invest in a manner inconsistent with its classification as a diversified company as
provided by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
Invesco Value Municipal Bond Trust (IMC)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a
taxable security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which
does not include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under
Tax Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer.
This limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds total assets. |
2. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in |
- 33 -
|
|
private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets:
health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue bonds,
industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric utility
obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations, university and
college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and resource recovery
obligations. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
4. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
(iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
(iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
6. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
7. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
8. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
9. |
|
Invest in a manner inconsistent with its classification as a diversified company as
provided by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
Invesco Value Municipal Securities (IMS)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a
taxable security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which
does not include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under
Tax Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
- 34 -
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest in a manner inconsistent with its classification as a diversified company as
provided by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption order relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
2. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
4. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
(iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Borrow money, except the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the Investment
Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulation promulgated by the
SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Investment Company Act, as
amended from time to time. |
6. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
7. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time. |
8. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
Invesco Value Municipal Trust (IMT)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a
taxable security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which
does not include private activity bonds subject to the
- 35 -
alternative minimum tax discussed under Tax Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions
(Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage
limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in
any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of
total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest in a manner inconsistent with its classification as a diversified company as
provided by (i) the Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Act, as amended from time to
time. |
2. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
4. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
SEC under the Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief
applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Borrow money, except the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the Investment
Company Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
SEC under the Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief
applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Act, as amended from time to time. |
6. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by
the SEC under the Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief
applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Act, as amended from time to time. |
7. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the Act, as amended from time to
time. |
8. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
- 36 -
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust (OIA)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under Tax
Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer,
except that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds
total assets. |
2. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the United States
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities). |
3. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
4. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
5. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
6. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or trustee
of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser or Administrator owns more than 1/2 of 1%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who
own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such
issuer. |
7. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
8. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
9. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
10. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets. |
- 37 -
12. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets
(including the amount borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but
including the fair market value at the time of computation of any other senior securities
which are outstanding at the time). |
13. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 12. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
14. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the Act, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed to
have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase agreement; (b)
purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c) purchasing or
selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with restrictions
described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. In interpreting this restriction,
collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral arrangements
with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of assets and neither
such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of futures are deemed to be the issuance of a
senior security. |
15. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 25% of its total assets). |
16. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
17. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
18. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
19. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
20. |
|
Invest over 10% of its total assets in restricted securities. |
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II (OIB)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under Tax
Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer,
except that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds
total assets. |
- 38 -
2. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the United States
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities). |
3. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
4. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
5. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
6. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or trustee
of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser or administrator owns more than 1/2 of 1%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who
own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such
issuer. |
7. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
8. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
9. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
10. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
|
|
|
11. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or, by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commission, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets, taken at market
value, would be invested in such securities. |
12. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets
(including the amount borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but
including the fair market value at the time of computation of any other senior securities
which are outstanding at the time). |
13. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 12. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
- 39 -
14. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the Act, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed to
have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase agreement; (b)
purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c) purchasing or
selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with restrictions
described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. In interpreting this restriction,
collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral arrangements
with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of assets and neither
such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of futures are deemed to be the issuance of a
senior security. |
15. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 25% of its total assets). |
16. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
17. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
18. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
19. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
20. |
|
Invest over 10% of its total assets in restricted securities. |
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust III (OIC)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under Tax
Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer,
except that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds
total assets. |
2. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the United States
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities). |
3. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water |
- 40 -
|
|
and sewer obligations, university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll
road obligations and resource recovery obligations. |
4. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
5. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
6. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or trustee
of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser or administrator owns more than 1/2 of 1%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who
own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such
issuer. |
7. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
8. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
9. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
10. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or, by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commission, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets, taken at market
value, would be invested in such securities. |
12. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets
(including the amount borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but
including the fair market value at the time of computation of any other senior securities
which are outstanding at the time). |
13. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 12. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
14. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the Act, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed to
have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase agreement; (b)
purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c) purchasing or
selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with restrictions
described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. In interpreting this restriction,
collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral arrangements
with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of assets and neither
such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of futures are deemed to be the issuance of a
senior security. |
15. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do |
- 41 -
|
|
not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending its portfolio securities (provided that the
Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in excess of 25% of its total assets). |
16. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
17. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
18. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
19. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
20. |
|
Invest over 10% of its total assets in restricted securities. |
Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust (IQI)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage
limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in
any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of
total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Issue any senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) other than Preferred Shares of
beneficial interest (in accordance with the terms of this Prospectus and the 1940 Act), except
insofar as the Fund may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering
into any repurchase agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed
delivery basis; (c) purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money
in accordance with restriction 3 below; or (e) lending portfolio securities. For the purpose
of this restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and
collateral arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be
pledges of assets and neither such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of futures are deemed
to be the issuance of a senior security. |
2. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities, or write puts, calls or combinations of both,
except for options on futures contracts and options on debt securities. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money from a bank for temporary or emergency
purposes or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the
amount borrowed does not exceed 33 l/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but including the fair market
value at the time of computation of any other senior securities which are outstanding at the
time, including the Preferred Shares). |
4. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities of other issuers except to the extent that, in
connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter for purposes of certain federal securities laws. |
5. |
|
Invest more than 25% of the market value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any
one industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the U. S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In addition,
the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the following
Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total assets in private
activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets: health
facility |
- 42 -
|
|
obligations, housing obligations, single-family mortgage revenue bonds, industrial revenue
obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric utility obligations, airport
facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations, university and college revenue
obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and resource recovery obligations. |
6. |
|
Purchase real estate or interests in real estate except that the Fund may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. The Fund is not prohibited from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
7. |
|
Invest in commodities or commodity contracts, except the Fund may purchase financial futures
contracts and related options and options on debt securities. |
8. |
|
Make loans except (a) by the purchase of debt securities in which the Fund may invest
consistent with its investment objective and policies, (b) by investment in repurchase
agreements, and (c) by lending its portfolio securities. |
9. |
|
Invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management. |
10. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
11. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or trustee
of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser or Administrator owns more than 1/2 of 1%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who
own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such
issuer. |
12. |
|
Purchase the securities of any other investment company, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets, or by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets would be invested in
such securities. |
13. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities of any one issuer, except
that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds total
assets. |
14. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities). |
15. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
16. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
17. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
18. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in restriction 3 above. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
19. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
- 43 -
Municipal Obligations, as used above, consist of municipal bonds, municipal notes and
municipal commercial paper, as well as lease obligations, including such obligations purchased on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis.
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust (IQT)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage
limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in
any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of
total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Issue any senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) other than Preferred Shares of
beneficial interest (in accordance with the terms of this Prospectus and the 1940 Act), except
insofar as the Fund may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering
into any repurchase agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed
delivery basis; (c) purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money
in accordance with restriction 3 below; or (e) lending portfolio securities. For the purpose
of this restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and
collateral arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be
pledges of assets and neither such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of futures are deemed
to be the issuance of a senior security. |
2. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities, or write puts, calls or combinations of both,
except for options on futures contracts and options on debt securities. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money from a bank for temporary or emergency
purposes or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the
amount borrowed does not exceed 33 l/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but including the fair market
value at the time of computation of any other senior securities which are outstanding at the
time, including the Preferred Shares). |
4. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities of other issuers except to the extent that, in
connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter for purposes of certain federal securities laws. |
5. |
|
Invest more than 25% of the market value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any
one industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the U. S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In addition,
the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the following
Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total assets in private
activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets: health
facility obligations, housing obligations, single-family mortgage revenue bonds, industrial
revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric utility obligations,
airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations, university and college
revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and resource recovery
obligations. |
6. |
|
Purchase real estate or interests in real estate except that the Fund may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. The Fund is not prohibited from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
7. |
|
Invest in commodities or commodity contracts, except the Fund may purchase financial futures
contracts and related options and options on debt securities. |
- 44 -
8. |
|
Make loans except (a) by the purchase of debt securities in which the Fund may invest
consistent with its investment objective and policies, (b) by investment in repurchase
agreements, and (c) by lending its portfolio securities. |
9. |
|
Invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management. |
10. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
11. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or trustee
of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser or Administrator owns more than 1/2 of 1%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who
own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such
issuer. |
12. |
|
Purchase the securities of any other investment company, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets, or by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets would be invested in
such securities. |
13. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities of any one issuer, except
that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds total
assets. |
14. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities). |
15. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
16. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
17. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
18. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in restriction 3 above. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
19. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
Municipal Obligations, as used above, consist of municipal bonds, municipal notes and
municipal commercial paper, as well as lease obligations, including such obligations purchased on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis.
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities (IQM)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage
limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in
any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of
total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the portfolio.
- 45 -
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer.
This limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds total assets. |
2. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities). |
3. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the U. S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In addition,
the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the following
Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total assets in private
activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets: health
facility obligations, housing obligations, single-family mortgage revenue bonds, industrial
revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric utility obligations,
airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations, university and college
revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and resource recovery
obligations. |
4. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to obligation of the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
5. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
6. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer, other than securities of the Fund, if to the knowledge of
the Fund, any officer or trustee of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser owns
more than 1/2 of 1% of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees
and directors who own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding
securities of such issuer. |
7. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing,
holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such securities. |
8. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
9. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
10. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets, taken at market
value, would be invested in such securities. |
12. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money from a bank for temporary or emergency
purposes or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the
amount borrowed does not exceed 33 l/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but including the fair market
value at the time of computation of any other senior securities which are outstanding at the
time, including the Preferred Shares). |
- 46 -
13. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in restriction 12. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
14. |
|
Issue senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) other than Preferred Shares of
beneficial interest (in accordance with the terms of the 1940 Act), except insofar as the Fund
may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase
agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c)
purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with
restrictions described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. |
15. |
|
Make loans of money or securities except: (a) by the purchase of debt securities in which the
Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment in
repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 10% of its total assets). |
16. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
17. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
18. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
19. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
Municipal Obligations, as used above, consist of municipal bonds, municipal notes and
municipal commercial paper, as well as lease obligations, including such obligations purchased on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis.
Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal Income Trust (VCV)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than tax exempt
obligations guaranteed by the United States Government or by its agencies or
instrumentalities), if as a result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would then be
invested in securities of a single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more than 10%
of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer, except that the Fund may purchase
securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry, however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund- Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from time
to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (4) below or with respect to Strategic Transactions described in
Appendix C to this SAI. |
- 47 -
4. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing or a Strategic Transaction described in Appendix C to
this SAI. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during any period that such
borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund. Notwithstanding this investment
restriction, the Fund may enter into when-issued and delayed delivery transactions. |
5. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
6. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with Strategic Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI nor short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a
security on margin. |
7. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except in connection with Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
8. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
9. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, except that the Fund
may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940
Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
11. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
12. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI, the Fund may engage in are considered to be
commodities or commodities contracts. |
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual
portfolio turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover
involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate,
which expenses must be borne by the Fund and its Common Shareholders. High portfolio turnover may
also result in the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions
resulting from such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
- 48 -
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single industry;
however, the Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular segment of
the municipal securities market.
Invesco California Municipal Income Trust (IIC)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an
issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and revenues are committed to the payment of
interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a taxable security is any security the
interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not include private activity bonds
subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after
a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting
from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require
elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to municipal
obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of municipal obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
2. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by
the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other
relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to
time. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act,
as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to
the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated
by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other
relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to
time. |
6. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption
or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from
time to time. |
- 49 -
7. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
Invesco California Quality Municipal Securities (IQC)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an
issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and revenues are committed to the payment of
interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a taxable security is any security the
interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not include private activity bonds
subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after
a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting
from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require
elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. For purposes of this investment restriction, Municipal
Obligations consist of Municipal Bonds, Municipal Notes and Municipal Commercial Paper,
including such obligations purchased on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis. Municipal
Bonds and Municipal Notes are debt obligations of states, cities, counties, municipalities
and state and local governmental agencies which generally have maturities, at the time of
their issuance, of either one year or more (Bonds) or from six months to three years (Notes).
Municipal Commercial Paper, as presently constituted, although issued under programs having
a final maturity of more than one year, is generally short-term paper subject to periodic rate
changes and maturities of less than one year selected at the holders option. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
3. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
4. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer, other than securities of the Fund, if, to the knowledge
of the Fund, any officer or trustee of the Fund or any officer or director of the Adviser owns
more than 1/2 of 1% of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees
and directors who own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding
securities of such issuer. |
5. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
6. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
7. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
8. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
- 50 -
9. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or, by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets, taken at market
value, would be invested in such securities. |
10. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets
(including the amount borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but
including the fair market value at the time of computation of any other senior securities
which are outstanding at the time, including the Preferred Shares). |
11. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 10. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
12. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of beneficial
interest (in accordance with the terms of the 1940 Act), except insofar as the Fund may be
deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase
agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c)
purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with
restrictions described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. |
13. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 10% of its total assets). |
14. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
15. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
16. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
17. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
Invesco California Municipal Securities (ICS)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an
issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and revenues are committed to the payment of
interest and principal on that particular security; (b) a taxable security is any security the
interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not include private activity bonds
subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after
a purchase or initial investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting
from market fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require
elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to municipal
obligations issued by governments or |
- 51 -
|
|
political subdivisions of governments, and obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In addition, the Fund reserves the right
to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the following types of municipal obligations,
provided that the percentage of the Funds total assets in private activity bonds in any one
category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets: health facility obligations, housing
obligations, single family mortgage revenue bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including
pollution control obligations), electric utility obligations, airport facility revenue
obligations, water and sewer obligations, university and college revenue obligations, bridge
authority and toll road obligations and resource recovery obligations. |
2. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
3. |
|
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward
contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing
in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by
(i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by
the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other
relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to
time. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act,
as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to
the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time. |
5. |
|
Issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted
by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated
by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other
relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to
time. |
6. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or
interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of
portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be
permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations
promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption
or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from
time to time. |
7. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II (VLT)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than obligations
guaranteed by the United States Government or by its agencies or instrumentalities), if as a
result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would then be invested in securities of a
single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting
securities of any single issuer, except that the Fund may purchase securities of other
investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to
time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission
under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from
the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
- 52 -
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in securities of issuers conducting their principal
business activities in the same industry; provided, that this limitation shall not apply with
respect to investments in U.S. Government securities. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, (including borrowing money or entering into reverse repurchase
agreements) in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the
amount of senior securities issued but excluding any liabilities and indebtedness not
constituting senior securities) except that the Fund may issue senior securities which are
stocks (including preferred shares of beneficial interest) subject to the limitations set
forth in Section 18 of the 1940 Act and except that the Fund may borrow up to an additional 5%
of its total assets for temporary purposes; or pledge its assets other than to secure such
issuance or in connection with hedging transactions, when-issued and delayed delivery
transactions and similar investment strategies. The Funds obligations under interest rate
swaps are not treated as senior securities. |
4. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except (i) to the extent the securities the
Fund may invest are considered to be loans; (ii) through loans of portfolio securities, (iii)
through the acquisition of securities subject to repurchase agreements and (iv) that the
Fund may lend money or property in connection with maintenance of the value of, or the Funds
interest with respect to, the securities owned by the Fund. |
5. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging transactions nor short-term credits as may be necessary for the
clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on margin. |
6. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except as described under Appendix C to this
SAI. |
7. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
8. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to securities
owned by the Fund would be deemed to constitute such control or participation except that
the Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i)
the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
9. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Buy or sell oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, although the Fund
may purchase securities of issuers which deal in, represent interests in or are secured by
interests in such leases, rights or contracts, except to the extent that the Fund may invest
in equity interests generally, as described in the Funds Prospectus. |
11. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate acquired as a
result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent the hedging and risk management
transactions the Fund may engage in are considered to be commodities or commodities contracts. |
Invesco High Yield Investment Fund, Inc. (MSY)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes will not be considered a violation of the
restriction. Also, if the Fund receives
- 53 -
from an issuer of securities held by the Fund subscription rights to purchase securities of
that issuer, and if the Fund exercises such subscription rights at a time when the Funds portfolio
holdings of securities of that issuer would otherwise exceed the limits set forth below, it will
not constitute a violation if, prior to receipt of securities upon exercise of such rights, and
after announcement of such rights, the Fund has sold at least as many securities of the same class
and value as it would receive on exercise of such rights.
As a matter of fundamental policy:
1. |
|
The Fund may not purchase any security (other than obligations of the U.S. government or its
agencies or instrumentalities) if as a result more than 25% of the Funds total assets would
be invested in a particular industry; provided, however, that the foregoing restriction will
not be deemed to prohibit the Fund from purchasing the securities of any issuer pursuant to
the exercise of rights distributed to the Fund by the issuer. |
2. |
|
The Fund may not make any investment for the purpose of exercising control or management. |
3. |
|
The Fund may not buy or sell commodities or commodity contracts or real estate or interests
in real estate, except that it may purchase and sell futures contracts on stock indices and
foreign currencies, securities which are secured by real estate or commodities, and securities
of companies which invest or deal in real estate or commodities. |
4. |
|
The Fund may not make loans, except that the Fund may (i) buy and hold debt instruments in
accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (ii) enter into repurchase
agreements to the extent permitted under applicable law, and (iii) make loans of portfolio
securities. |
5. |
|
The Fund may not act as an underwriter except to the extent that, in connection with the
disposition of portfolio securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under applicable
securities laws. |
6. |
|
The Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow money, except for (a) preferred stock and
other senior securities (including borrowing money, including on margin if margin securities
are owned, entering into reverse repurchase agreements and entering into similar transactions)
not in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets, and (b) borrowings up to
5% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) for temporary or emergency purposes
(including for clearance of transactions, repurchase of its shares or payment of dividends),
without regard to the amount of senior securities outstanding under clause (a) above;
provided, however, that the Funds obligations under when-issued and delayed delivery
transactions and similar transactions and reverse repurchase agreements are not treated as
senior securities if covering assets are appropriately segregated, and the use of hedging
transactions shall not be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security or a
borrowing; for purposes of clauses (a) and (b) above, the term total assets shall be
calculated after giving effect to the net proceeds of senior securities issued by the Fund
reduced by any liabilities and indebtedness not constituting senior securities except for such
liabilities and indebtedness as are excluded from treatment as senior securities by this item
(6). The Funds obligations under interest rate swaps are not treated as senior securities. |
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Opportunity Trust (VMO)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. With respect to the limitations on
borrowings, the percentage limitations apply at the time of purchase and on an ongoing basis.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than obligations
issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the United States Government or by its
agencies or instrumentalities), if as a result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would
then be invested in securities of a single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more
than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer, except that the |
- 54 -
|
|
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risk of Investing in the Fund Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from time
to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (4) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund.
Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may enter into when issued and
delayed delivery transactions. |
5. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
6. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
7. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except in connection with hedging or risk
management transactions. |
8. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
9. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
11. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
12. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that financial
futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities or
commodities contracts. |
- 55 -
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate, which
expenses must be borne by the Fund and the Shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also result
in the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions resulting
from such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single industry;
however, the Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular segment of
the municipal securities market.
Invesco Municipal Premium Income Trust (PIA)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets and
revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security,
provided that the guarantee of a security will be considered a separate security; (b) a taxable
security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax (which does not
include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax discussed under Tax
Matters Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds) Alternative minimum tax private
activity bonds.); and (c) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market
fluctuations or other changes in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of
any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer,
except that this limitation shall not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to the investment of 25% of the Funds
total assets. |
2. |
|
Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding taxable debt securities of any one issuer (other
than obligations issued, or guaranteed as to principal and interest, by the United States
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities). |
3. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
4. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
5. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
6. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer, other than securities of the Fund, if, to the knowledge
of the Fund, any officer or trustee of the Fund or any officer or director of the Investment
Adviser owns more than 1/2 of 1% of the |
- 56 -
|
|
outstanding securities of such issuer, and such officers, trustees and directors who own more
than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such issuer. |
|
|
|
7. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
|
|
|
8. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
|
|
|
9. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
|
|
|
10. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
|
|
|
11. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or, by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than 10% of the Funds total assets would be invested in such securities. |
|
|
|
12. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 331/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed)
less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but including the fair market value at the
time of computation of any other senior securities which are outstanding at the time,
including the Preferred Shares). |
13. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 12. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
14. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the Act, other than preferred shares of beneficial
interest (in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus and the Act), except insofar as the
Fund may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any
repurchase agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery
basis; (c) purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in
accordance with restrictions described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. For the
purpose of this restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to initial margin for
futures are not deemed to be pledges of assets and neither such arrangements nor the purchase
or sales of futures are deemed to be the issuance of a senior security. |
15. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 10% of its total assets) . |
16. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
17. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
18. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
19. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
- 57 -
Whenever any fundamental investment policy states a maximum percentage of Registrants assets
which may be invested, it is intended that if the percentage limitation was adhered to at the time
the investment was made, a later change in percentage resulting from changing values or other
changes in total or net assets will not be considered a violation of such policy.
Invesco Van Kampen Select Sector Municipal Trust (VKL)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund Market Sector Risk, the Fund may from time
to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in one or more particular segments or sectors
of the municipal securities market. |
2. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (3) below or with respect to Strategic Transactions described in
Appendix C to this SAI. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing or a Strategic Transaction described in Appendix C to
this SAI. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during any period that such
borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund. Notwithstanding this investment
restriction, the Fund may enter into when-issued and delayed delivery transactions. |
4. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
5. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with Strategic Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI nor short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a
security on margin. |
6. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except in connection with Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
7. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
8. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, except that the Fund
may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940
Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under
the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from the
provisions of the 1940 Act. |
9. |
|
The Fund may not invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of
a merger, reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC
under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from
the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
- 58 -
11. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI that the Fund may engage in are considered to
be commodities or commodities contracts. |
In addition, to comply with federal tax requirements for qualification as a regulated
investment company, the Funds investments will be limited in a manner such that at the close of
each quarter of each fiscal year, (a) no more than 25% of the Funds total assets are invested in
the securities of a single issuer, and (b) with regard to at least 50% of the Funds total assets,
no more than 5% of its total assets are invested in the securities of a single issuer. These
tax-related limitations may be changed by the Board of Trustees to the extent necessary to comply
with changes to the applicable tax requirements.
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate, which
expenses must be borne by the Fund and its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also result in
the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions resulting from
such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single industry;
however, the Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular segment of
the municipal securities market.
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Value Municipals (VIM)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than tax-exempt
obligations guaranteed by the United States Government or by its agencies or
instrumentalities), if as a result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would then be
invested in securities of a single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more than 10%
of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer, except that the Fund may purchase
securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (4) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options within limits described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% |
- 59 -
|
|
of the total asset value of the Fund. Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may
enter into when-issued and delayed delivery transactions as described above under the
heading Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund in this Prospectus. |
5. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the municipal securities owned by the Fund. |
6. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
7. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except as described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
8. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
9. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies, except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
11. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
12. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
municipal securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate,
commodities, or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under
agreements relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real
estate acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that
financial futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities
or commodities contracts. |
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate, which
expenses must be borne by the Fund and its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also result in
the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions resulting from
such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New York Municipals (VTN)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is
adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from
changing market values will not be considered a
- 60 -
deviation from policy. With respect to the limitations on borrowings, the percentage limitations
apply at the time of purchase and on an ongoing basis. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
2. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (3) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund.
Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may enter into when issued and
delayed delivery transactions. |
4. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
5. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions are considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
6. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell futures or options, except in connection with hedging or risk management
transactions. |
7. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
8. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
9. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that financial
futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities or
commodities contracts. |
In addition, to comply with federal tax requirements for qualifications as a
regulated investment company, the Funds investments will be limited in a manner such that at the
close of each quarter of each fiscal year, (a) no more than 25% of the Funds total assets are
invested in the securities of a single issuer and (b) with regard to at least 50% of the Funds
total assets, no more than 5% of its total assets are invested in the securities of a
- 61 -
single issuer. These tax-related limitations may be changed by the Trustees to the extent
necessary to comply with changes to applicable tax requirements.
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual
portfolio turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover
involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate,
which expenses must be borne by the Fund and the shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also
result in the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions
resulting from such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), each Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single
industry; however, each Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular
segment of the municipal securities market.
Invesco New York Quality Municipal Securities (IQN)
For purposes of the restrictions: (a) an issuer of a security is the entity whose assets
and revenues are committed to the payment of interest and principal on that particular security;
(b) a taxable security is any security the interest on which is subject to federal income tax
(which does not include private activity bonds subject to the alternative minimum tax); and (c)
all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment, and any
subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes
in the amount of total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the
portfolio. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one
industry; provided, however, that such limitations shall not be applicable to Municipal
Obligations issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments, and obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In
addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest 25% or more of its assets in any of the
following types of Municipal Obligations, provided that the percentage of the Funds total
assets in private activity bonds in any one category does not exceed 25% of the Funds total
assets: health facility obligations, housing obligations, single family mortgage revenue
bonds, industrial revenue obligations (including pollution control obligations), electric
utility obligations, airport facility revenue obligations, water and sewer obligations,
university and college revenue obligations, bridge authority and toll road obligations and
resource recovery obligations. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in taxable securities of issuers having
a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years of continuous operation. This
restriction shall not apply to any obligation of the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities. |
3. |
|
Invest in common stock. |
4. |
|
Invest in securities of any issuer, other than securities of the Fund, if, to the knowledge
of the Fund, any officer or trustee of the Fund or any officer or director of the Investment
Adviser owns more than 1/2 of 1% of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such
officers, trustees and directors who own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the aggregate more than 5%
of the outstanding securities of such issuer. |
5. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein, although it may purchase securities
secured by real estate or interests therein. This shall not prohibit the Fund from
purchasing, holding and selling real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of such
securities. |
6. |
|
Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures
contracts and related options thereon. |
- 62 -
7. |
|
Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or exploration or
development programs. |
8. |
|
Write, purchase or sell puts, calls, or combinations thereof, except for options on futures
contracts or options on debt securities. |
9. |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger,
consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets or, by purchase in the open market of
securities of closed-end investment companies where no underwriters or dealers commission or
profit, other than customary brokers commissions, is involved and only if immediately
thereafter not more than (i) 5% of the Funds total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company and (ii) 10% of the Funds total assets, taken at market
value, would be invested in such securities. |
10. |
|
Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes
or for repurchase of its shares provided that immediately after such borrowing the amount
borrowed does not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less its liabilities (not including any borrowings but including the fair market
value at the time of computation of any other senior securities which are outstanding at the
time, including the Preferred Shares). |
11. |
|
Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to secure borrowings effected
within the limitations set forth in Restriction 10. However, for the purpose of this
restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of options and collateral
arrangements with respect to initial margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets. |
12. |
|
Issue senior securities as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of beneficial
interest (in accordance with the terms of the 1940 Act), except insofar as the Fund may be
deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a) entering into any repurchase
agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c)
purchasing or selling any financial futures contracts; (d) borrowing money in accordance with
restrictions described above; or (e) lending portfolio securities. |
13. |
|
Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of debt obligations in which
the Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies; (b) by investment
in repurchase agreements (provided that no more than 10% of the Funds total assets will be
invested in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days); and (c) by lending
its portfolio securities (provided that the Fund may not lend its portfolio securities in
excess of 10% of its total assets). |
14. |
|
Make short sales of securities. |
15. |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for the
clearance of purchases of portfolio securities. |
16. |
|
Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an
underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing of a portfolio security. |
17. |
|
Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other issuer. |
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Trust (VKQ)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. With respect to the limitations on
borrowings, the percentage limitations apply at the time of purchase and on an ongoing basis. The
Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than tax-exempt
obligations guaranteed by the United States Government or by its agencies or
instrumentalities), if as a result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would then be
invested in securities of a single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more than 10%
of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer, except that the Fund may purchase |
- 63 -
|
|
securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (4) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options within limits described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund.
Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may enter into when issued and
delayed delivery transactions as described above under the heading Principal Investment
Strategies of the Fund in this Prospectus. |
5. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the municipal securities owned by the Fund. |
6. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
7. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except as described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
8. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
9. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
11. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
12. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
municipal securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate,
commodities or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under
agreements relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real
estate acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that
financial futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities
or commodities contracts. |
- 64 -
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses than a lower rate, which expenses must be
borne by the Fund and its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also result in the realization
of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions resulting from such gains will
be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), each Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single
industry; however, each Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular
segment of the municipal securities market.
Invesco Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal Income Trust (VMV)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
2. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (3) below or with respect to Strategic Transactions described in
Appendix C to this SAI. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing or a Strategic Transaction described in Appendix C to
this SAI. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during any period that such
borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund. Notwithstanding this investment
restriction, the Fund may enter into when-issued and delayed delivery transactions. |
4. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
5. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with Strategic Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI nor short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a
security on margin. |
6. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except in connection with Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
7. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
8. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, except that the Fund
may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940
Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and |
- 65 -
|
|
regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii)
an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
9. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from the
provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that Strategic
Transactions described in Appendix C to this SAI that the Fund may engage in are considered to
be commodities or commodities contracts. |
In addition, to comply with federal tax requirements for qualification as a regulated
investment company, the Funds investments will be limited in a manner such that at the close of
each quarter of each fiscal year, (a) no more than 25% of the Funds total assets are invested in
the securities of a single issuer and (b) with regard to at least 50% of the Funds total assets,
no more than 5% of its total assets are invested in the securities of a single issuer. These
tax-related limitations may be changed by the Board of Trustees to the extent necessary to comply
with changes to applicable tax requirements.
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate, which
expenses must be borne by the Fund and its Common Shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also
result in the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions
resulting from such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
Invesco Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust (VOQ)
If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is adhered to at
the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market
values will not be considered a deviation from policy. With respect to the limitations on
borrowings, the percentage limitations apply at the time of purchase and on an ongoing basis. The
Fund may not:
1. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, as described above
under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund Market Segment Risk, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
2. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (3) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options within limits described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
3. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% |
- 66 -
|
|
of the total asset value of the Fund. Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may
enter into when issued and delayed delivery transactions as described above under the
heading Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund in this Prospectus. |
4. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the municipal securities owned by the Fund. |
5. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
6. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell financial futures or options, except as described in Appendix C to this SAI. |
7. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
8. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC
under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from
the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
9. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the
1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from the
provisions of the 1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs,
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
11. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
municipal securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate,
commodities or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under
agreements relating to municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that financial
futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities or
commodities contracts. |
In addition, to comply with federal tax requirements for qualification as a regulated
investment company, the Funds investments will be limited in a manner such that, at the close of
each quarter of each fiscal year, (a) no more than 25% of the Funds total assets are invested in
the securities of a single issuer, and (b) with regard to at least 50% of the Funds total assets,
no more than 5% of its total assets are invested in the securities of a single issuer. These
tax-related limitations may be changed by the Trustees to the extent necessary to comply with
changes to applicable tax requirements.
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual portfolio
turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses than a lower rate, which expenses must be
borne by the Fund and its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also result in the realization
of substantial net short-term
- 67 -
capital gains, and any distributions resulting from such gains will be taxable at ordinary
income rates for federal income tax purposes.
As a matter of operating policy (which means it can be changed by the Funds Board of Trustees
without Shareholder vote), each Fund will not invest 25% or more of its assets in a single
industry; however, each Fund may from time to time invest 25% or more of its assets in a particular
segment of the municipal securities market.
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New Jersey Municipals (VTJ)
The Funds investment objective, its investment policy with respect to investing at least 80%
of its total assets in municipal securities and the following investment restrictions are
fundamental and cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Funds
outstanding voting securities as defined in the 1940 Act. All other investment policies or
practices are considered by the Fund not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without
shareholder approval. If a percentage restriction on investment or use of assets set forth below is
adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from
changing market values will not be considered a deviation from policy. The Fund may not:
1. |
|
With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase any securities (other than tax-exempt
obligations guaranteed by the United States Government or by its agencies or
instrumentalities), if as a result more than 5% of the Funds total assets would then be
invested in securities of a single issuer or if as a result the Fund would hold more than 10%
of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer, except that the Fund may purchase
securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
2. |
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single industry; however, the Fund may from
time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular segment of the municipal
securities market. |
3. |
|
Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than preferred shares of
beneficial interest, except to the extent such issuance might be involved with borrowings
described under subparagraph (4) below or with respect to hedging and risk management
transactions or the writing of options. |
4. |
|
Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from banks or for repurchase of the
Funds Shares, and then only in an amount not exceeding one-third of the Funds total assets,
including the amount borrowed. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any assets
except in connection with a borrowing. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities during
any period that such borrowings exceed 5% of the total asset value of the Fund.
Notwithstanding this investment restriction, the Fund may enter into when-issued and
delayed delivery transactions. |
5. |
|
Make loans of money or property to any person, except to the extent the securities in which
the Fund may invest are considered to be loans and except that the Fund may lend money or
property in connection with maintenance of the value of or the Funds interest with respect to
the securities owned by the Fund. |
6. |
|
Buy any securities on margin. Neither the deposit of initial or variation margin in
connection with hedging and risk management transactions nor short-term credits as may be
necessary for the clearance of transactions is considered the purchase of a security on
margin. |
7. |
|
Sell any securities short, write, purchase or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, or
purchase or sell futures or options, except in connection with hedging or risk management
transactions. |
8. |
|
Act as an underwriter of securities, except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter in connection with the sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
9. |
|
Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or participation in management, except
to the extent that exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements related to municipal
securities would be deemed to constitute such control or participation, and except that the
Fund may purchase securities of other investment |
- 68 -
|
|
companies to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the
rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act,
as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief from the provisions of the
1940 Act. |
10. |
|
Invest in securities issued by other investment companies except as part of a merger,
reorganization or other acquisition and except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as
amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or
other relief from the provisions of the 1940 Act. |
11. |
|
Invest in equity interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs
except pursuant to the exercise by the Fund of its rights under agreements relating to
municipal securities. |
12. |
|
Purchase or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent the
securities the Fund may invest in are considered to be interests in real estate, commodities
or commodity contracts or to the extent the Fund exercises its rights under agreements
relating to such municipal securities (in which case the Fund may liquidate real estate
acquired as a result of a default on a mortgage), and except to the extent that financial
futures and related options the Fund may invest in are considered to be commodities or
commodities contracts. |
The Fund generally will not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing
short-term profits, but it will adjust its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or
anticipated market conditions to accomplish the Funds investment objective. For example, the Fund
may sell portfolio securities in anticipation of a movement in interest rates. Other than for tax
purposes, frequency of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor if the Fund considers it
advantageous to purchase or sell securities. The Fund does not anticipate that the annual
portfolio turnover rate of the Fund will be in excess of 100%. A high rate of portfolio turnover
involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission and transaction expenses than a lower rate,
which expenses must be borne by the Fund and the Shareholders. High portfolio turnover may also
result in the realization of substantial net short-term capital gains, and any distributions
resulting from such gains will be taxable at ordinary income rates for federal income tax purposes.
Portfolio Turnover
[To be provided in pre-effective amendment filing.]
Management of the Funds
For additional discussion regarding management of your Fund, see your Funds Proxy Statement.
Biographical information about the executive officers and Trustees of the Funds, as well as
information about Trustee qualifications and experience, remuneration of Trustees and Board
leadership structure, role in risk oversight, and committees and meetings can be found in the
exhibits to your Funds Proxy Statement.
Code of Ethics. Invesco, the Funds, Invesco Distributors and the Sub-Advisers each have
adopted a Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that applies to all Invesco Fund
trustees and officers, and employees of Invesco, the Sub-Advisers and their affiliates, and
governs, among other things, the personal trading activities of all such persons. Unless
specifically noted, each Sub-Advisers Code of Ethics does not materially differ from Invesco Code
of Ethics discussed below. The Code of Ethics is intended to address conflicts of interest with
the Funds that may arise from personal trading, including personal trading in most of the Invesco
Funds. Personal trading, including personal trading involving securities that may be purchased or
held by an Invesco Fund, is permitted under the Code of Ethics subject to certain restrictions;
however, employees are required to pre-clear security transactions with the Compliance Officer or a
designee and to report transactions on a regular basis.
These Codes of Ethics can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by
calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Copies of the Codes of Ethics may alternatively be obtained,
after paying a duplicating fee, by sending an electronic request to publicinfo@sec.gov or by
writing the SECs Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102. The Codes of Ethics are
also available, free of charge, on the EDGAR Database on the SECs Web site at http://www.sec.gov.
- 69 -
Proxy Voting Policies. Invesco is comprised of two business divisions, Invesco Aim and
Invesco Institutional, each of which have adopted their own specific Proxy Voting Policies.
The Board of each Fund has delegated responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for
securities held by each Fund to the following divisions of Invesco:
|
|
|
Fund |
|
Proxy Voting Entity |
Invesco Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Opportunity Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New York
Municipals
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Value Municipal Bond Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Value Municipal Securities
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Value Municipal Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Municipal Income Opportunities Trust III
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Quality Municipal Investment Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco California Municipal Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco California Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco California Municipal Securities
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco High Yield Investments Fund, Inc.
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Municipal Premium Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Select Sector Municipal Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Value Municipals
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco New York Quality Municipal Securities
|
|
Invesco Institutional a division
of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal Income Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New Jersey
Municipals
|
|
Invesco Aim a division of Invesco |
Invesco (the proxy voting entity) will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies
and procedures, which have been reviewed and approved by the Board, and which are found in Appendix
D to this SAI. Any material changes to the proxy policies and procedures will be submitted to the
Board for approval. The Board will be supplied with a summary quarterly report of each Funds
proxy voting record. Information regarding how
- 70 -
the Funds voted proxies related to their portfolio
securities during the twelve months ended June 30, 2011, is
available without charge at our Web site, http://www.invesco.com/us. This information is also
available at the SEC Web site, http://www.sec.gov.
Ownership of Securities
For information about Trustee and officer security ownership in the Funds as well as
information about other significant holders of securities of the Funds, see the exhibit to your
Proxy Statement entitled, Ownership of the Funds. A shareholder who owns beneficially 25% or
more of the outstanding shares of a Fund is presumed to control that Fund. Such a shareholders
vote could have a more significant effect on matters presented at a shareholders meeting than
votes of other shareholders.
Investment Advisory and Other Services
Investment Adviser
Invesco serves as the Funds investment adviser. The Adviser manages the investment
operations of the Funds as well as other investment portfolios that encompass a broad range of
investment objectives, and has agreed to perform or arrange for the performance of the Funds
day-to-day management. The Adviser, as successor in interest to multiple investment advisers, has
been an investment adviser since 1976. Invesco is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Invesco
Ltd. Invesco Ltd. and its subsidiaries are an independent global investment management group.
Certain of the directors and officers of Invesco are also executive officers of the Funds and their
affiliations are shown in Exhibit [__] to the Joint Proxy Statement.
As investment adviser, Invesco supervises all aspects of the Funds operations and provides
investment advisory services to the Funds. Invesco obtains and evaluates economic, statistical and
financial information to formulate and implement investment programs for the Funds. Each Funds
Investment Advisory Agreement (the Advisory Agreement) provides that, in fulfilling its
responsibilities, Invesco may engage the services of other investment managers with respect to the
Funds. The investment advisory services of Invesco are not exclusive and Invesco is free to render
investment advisory services to others, including other investment companies.
Pursuant to an administrative services agreement with the Funds, the Adviser is also
responsible for furnishing to the Funds the services of persons believed to be competent to perform
supervisory and administrative services required by the Funds and that, in the judgment of the
Trustees, are necessary to conduct the business of the Funds effectively, as well as the offices,
equipment and other facilities necessary for their operations. Such functions include the
maintenance of the Funds accounts and records, and the preparation of all requisite corporate
documents such as tax returns and reports to the SEC and shareholders.
The Advisory Agreement provides that each Fund will pay or cause to be paid all expenses of
such Fund not assumed by Invesco, including, without limitation: brokerage commissions, taxes,
legal, accounting, auditing, or governmental fees, the cost of preparing share certificates,
custodian, transfer and shareholder service agent costs, expenses of issue, sale, redemption and
repurchase of shares, expenses of registering and qualifying shares for sale, expenses relating to
trustees and shareholder meetings, the cost of preparing and distributing reports and notices to
shareholders, the fees and other expenses incurred by the Funds in connection with membership in
investment company organizations and the cost of printing copies of prospectuses and statements of
additional information distributed to the Funds shareholders.
Invesco, at its own expense, furnishes to the Funds office space and facilities. Invesco
furnishes to the Funds all personnel for managing the affairs of the Funds. Information about
advisory fees and any applicable fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement for your Fund can be found
in your Funds Proxy Statement in the section entitled, APPROVAL OF MERGERS How do the
management, investment adviser and other service providers of the Funds compare? The management
fees paid during each Funds last three completed fiscal years are found in Appendix E to this SAI.
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Investment Sub-Advisers
Invesco has entered into a Sub-Advisory Agreement with certain affiliates to serve as
sub-advisers to each Fund pursuant to which these affiliated sub-advisers may be appointed by
Invesco from time to time to provide discretionary investment management services, investment
advice, and/or order execution services to the Funds. These affiliated sub-advisers, each of which
is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, are:
Invesco Asset Management Deutschland GmbH (Invesco Deutschland)
Invesco Asset Management Limited (Invesco Asset Management)
Invesco Asset Management (Japan) Limited (Invesco Japan)
Invesco Australia Limited (Invesco Australia)
Invesco Hong Kong Limited (Invesco Hong Kong)
Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc. (Invesco Senior Secured)
Invesco Canada Ltd. (Invesco Canada); (each a Sub-Adviser and collectively, the Sub-Advisers).
Invesco and each Sub-Adviser are indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Invesco Ltd.
The only fees payable to the Sub-Advisers under the Sub-Advisory Agreement are for providing
discretionary investment management services. For such services, Invesco pays each Sub-Adviser a
fee, computed daily and paid monthly, equal to (i) 40% of the monthly compensation that Invesco
receives from each Fund, multiplied by (ii) the fraction equal to the net assets of such Fund as to
which such Sub-Adviser shall have provided discretionary investment management services for that
month divided by the net assets of such Fund for that month. Pursuant to the Sub-Advisory
Agreement, this fee is reduced to reflect contractual or voluntary fee waivers or expense
limitations by Invesco, if any, in effect from time to time. In no event shall the aggregate
monthly fees paid to the Sub-Advisers under the Sub-Advisory Agreement exceed 40% of the monthly
compensation that Invesco receives from a Fund pursuant to its advisory agreement with the Fund, as
reduced to reflect contractual or voluntary fees waivers or expense limitations by Invesco, if any.
Securities Lending Arrangements
If a Fund engages in securities lending, Invesco will provide the Fund related investment
advisory and administrative services. The Advisory Agreement describes the administrative services
to be rendered by Invesco if a Fund engages in securities lending activities, as well as the
compensation Invesco may receive for such administrative services. Services to be provided
include: (a) overseeing participation in the securities lending program to ensure compliance with
all applicable regulatory and investment guidelines; (b) assisting the securities lending agent or
principal (the agent) in determining which specific securities are available for loan; (c)
monitoring the agent to ensure that securities loans are effected in accordance with Invescos
instructions and with procedures adopted by the Board; (d) preparing appropriate periodic reports
for, and seeking appropriate approvals from, the Board with respect to securities lending
activities; (e) responding to agent inquiries; and (f) performing such other duties as may be
necessary.
Invescos compensation for advisory services rendered in connection with securities lending is
included in the advisory fee schedule. As compensation for the related administrative services
Invesco will provide, a lending Fund will pay Invesco a fee equal to 25% of the net monthly
interest or fee income retained or paid to the Fund from such activities. Invesco currently waives
such fee, and has agreed to seek Board approval prior to its receipt of all or a portion of such
fee.
Service Agreements
Administrative Services Agreement. Invesco and each Fund have entered into a Master
Administrative Services Agreement (Administrative Services Agreement) pursuant to which Invesco may
perform or arrange for the provision of certain accounting and other administrative services to the
Fund which are not required to be performed by Invesco under the Advisory Agreement. The
Administrative Services Agreement provides that it will remain in effect and continue from year to
year only if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board, including
the independent trustees, by votes cast in person at a meeting called for such purpose. Under the
Administrative Services Agreement, Invesco is entitled to receive from the Funds reimbursement of
its costs or such
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reasonable compensation as may be approved by the Board. Currently, Invesco is reimbursed for
the services of the Funds principal financial officer and her staff and any expenses related to
fund accounting services.
Administrative services fees paid for the last three fiscal years of each Fund are found in
Appendix F to this SAI.
Other Service Providers
Transfer Agent. Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (Computershare), P.O. Box 43078,
Providence, RI 02940-3078 is the transfer agent for each Fund.
The Transfer Agency and Service Agreement (the TA Agreement) between each Fund and
Computershare provides that Computershare will perform certain services related to the servicing of
shareholders of the Funds. Other such services may be delegated or subcontracted to third party
intermediaries.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (the Custodian), 225 Franklin Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02110, is custodian of all securities and cash of the Funds. The Bank of New
York Mellon, 2 Hanson Place, Brooklyn, New York 11217-1431, also serves as sub-custodian to
facilitate cash management.
The Custodian is authorized to establish separate accounts in foreign countries and to cause
foreign securities owned by the Funds to be held outside the United States in branches of U.S.
banks and, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, in certain foreign banks and
securities depositories. Invesco is responsible for selecting eligible foreign securities
depositories and for assessing the risks associated with investing in foreign countries, including
the risk of using eligible foreign securities depositories in a country. The Custodian is
responsible for monitoring eligible foreign securities depositories.
Under its contract with each Fund, the Custodian maintains the portfolio securities of the
Fund, administers the purchases and sales of portfolio securities, collects interest and dividends
and other distributions made on the securities held in the portfolio of the Fund and performs other
ministerial duties. These services do not include any supervisory function over management or
provide any protection against any possible depreciation of assets.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. The Funds independent registered public
accounting firm is responsible for auditing the financial statements of the Funds. The Audit
Committee of each Funds Board has appointed, and the Board has ratified and approved,
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 1201 Louisiana Street, Suite 2900, Houston, Texas 77002, as the
independent registered public accounting firm to audit the financial statements of the Funds.
Counsel to the Funds. Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, 2600 One Commerce Square,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 serves as counsel to IIM, IMC, IMS, IMT, OIA, OIB, OIC, IQI, IQT,
IQM, IIC, IQC, ICS, MSY, PIA and IQN. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, LLP, 155 West Wacker
Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606 serves as counsel to VCV, VLT, VMO, VKL, VIM, VTN, VKQ, VMV, VOQ and
VTJ.
Portfolio Managers
Appendix G to this SAI contains the following information regarding the portfolio managers
identified in the Joint Proxy/Prospectus:
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The dollar range of the managers investments in each Fund. |
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A description of the managers compensation structure. |
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Information regarding other accounts managed by the manager and potential
conflicts of interest that might arise from the management of multiple accounts. |
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Trading Practices and Brokerage
Invesco has adopted compliance procedures that cover, among other items, brokerage allocation
and other trading practices.
Brokerage Transactions
Placing trades generally involves acting on portfolio manager instructions to buy or sell a
specified amount of portfolio securities, including selecting one or more third-party
broker-dealers to execute the trades, and negotiating commissions and spreads. Various Invesco
Ltd. subsidiaries have created a global equity trading desk. The global equity trading desk has
assigned local traders in three regions to place equity securities trades in their regions. The
Atlanta trading desk of Invesco (the Americas Desk) generally places trades of equity securities
in Canada, the United States, Mexico and Brazil; the Hong Kong desk of Invesco Hong Kong (the Hong
Kong Desk) generally places trades of equity securities in Australia, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia,
Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and other far
Eastern countries; and the London trading desk of Invesco Global Investment Funds Limited (the
London Desk) generally places trades of equity securities in European Economic Area markets,
Egypt, Israel, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland, Turkey, and other European countries. Invesco,
Invesco Japan, Invesco Deutschland, and Invesco Hong Kong and Invesco Asset Management use the
global equity trading desk to place equity trades. Other Sub-Advisers may use the global equity
trading desk in the future. The trading procedures for the Americas Desk, the Hong Kong Desk and
the London Desk are similar in all material respects.
References in the language below to actions by Invesco or a Sub-Adviser (other than Invesco
Canada or Invesco Japan) making determinations or taking actions related to equity trading include
these entities delegation of these determinations/actions to the Americas Desk, the Hong Kong
Desk, and the London Desk. Even when trading is delegated by Invesco or the Sub-Advisers to the
various arms of the global equity trading desk, Invesco or a Sub-Adviser that delegates trading is
responsible for oversight of this trading activity.
Invesco or a Sub-Adviser makes decisions to buy and sell securities for each Fund, selects
broker-dealers (each, a Broker), effects the Funds investment portfolio transactions, allocates
brokerage fees in such transactions and, where applicable, negotiates commissions and spreads on
transactions. Invescos and the Sub-Advisers primary consideration in effecting a security
transaction is to obtain best execution, which is defined as prompt and efficient execution of the
transaction at the best obtainable price with payment of commissions, mark-ups or mark-downs which
are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the
Broker. While Invesco or the Sub-Advisers seeks reasonably competitive commission rates, the Funds
may not pay the lowest commission or spread available. See Broker Selection below.
Some of the securities in which the Funds invest are traded in over-the-counter markets.
Portfolio transactions in such markets may be effected on a principal basis at net prices without
commissions, but which include compensation to the Broker in the form of a mark-up or mark-down, or
on an agency basis, which involves the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions to the Broker,
including electronic communication networks. Purchases of underwritten issues, which include
initial public offerings and secondary offerings, include a commission or concession paid by the
issuer (not the Funds) to the underwriter. Purchases of money market instruments may be made
directly from issuers without the payment of commissions.
Historically, Invesco and the Sub-Advisers did not negotiate commission rates on stock markets
outside the United States. In recent years many overseas stock markets have adopted a system of
negotiated rates; however, a number of markets maintain an established schedule of minimum
commission rates.
In some cases, Invesco may decide to place trades on a blind principal bid basis, which
involves combining all trades for one or more portfolios into a single basket, and generating a
description of the characteristics of the basket for provision to potential executing brokers.
Based on the trade characteristics information provided by Invesco, these brokers submit bids for
executing all of the required trades at the market close price for a specific commission. Invesco
generally selects the broker with the lowest bid to execute these trades.
Brokerage commissions during each Funds last three fiscal years are found in Appendix H to
this SAI.
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Commissions
[During their past three fiscal years, none of the Funds paid brokerage commissions to Brokers
affiliated with the Funds, Invesco (or Invesco Advisors, Inc., former adviser to the Funds that
merged into Invesco Advisers, Inc. on December 31, 2009), Invesco Distributors, the Sub-Advisers or
any affiliates of such entities.]
A Fund may purchase or sell a security from or to certain other Invesco Funds or other
accounts (and may invest in the Affiliated Money Market Funds) provided the Funds follow procedures
adopted by the Boards of the various Invesco Funds, including the Fund. These inter-fund
transactions do not generate brokerage commissions but may result in custodial fees or taxes or
other related expenses.
Broker Selection
Invescos or the Sub-Advisers primary consideration in selecting Brokers to execute portfolio
transactions for an Invesco Fund is to obtain best execution. In selecting a Broker to execute a
portfolio transaction in equity securities for a Fund, Invesco or the Sub-Advisers consider the
full range and quality of a Brokers services, including the value of research and/or brokerage
services provided, execution capability, commission rate, and willingness to commit capital,
anonymity and responsiveness. Invescos and the Sub-Advisers primary consideration when selecting
a Broker to execute a portfolio transaction in fixed income securities for a Fund is the Brokers
ability to deliver or sell the relevant fixed income securities; however, Invesco and the
Sub-Advisers will also consider the various factors listed above. In each case, the determinative
factor is not the lowest commission or spread available but whether the transaction represents the
best qualitative execution for the Fund. Invesco and the Sub-Advisers will not select Brokers
based upon their promotion or sale of shares of funds advised by Invesco and/or the Sub-Advisers.
In choosing Brokers to execute portfolio transactions for the Funds, Invesco or the
Sub-Advisers may select Brokers that provide brokerage and/or research services (Soft Dollar
Products) to the Funds and/or the other accounts over which Invesco and its affiliates have
investment discretion. Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, provides
that Invesco or the Sub-Advisers, under certain circumstances, lawfully may cause an account to pay
a higher commission than the lowest available. Under Section 28(e)(1), Invesco or the Sub-Advisers
must make a good faith determination that the commissions paid are reasonable in relation to the
value of the brokerage and research services provided ... viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or Invescos or the Sub-Advisers overall responsibilities with respect to
the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion. The services provided by the Broker
also must lawfully and appropriately assist Invesco or the Sub-Adviser in the performance of its
investment decision-making responsibilities. Accordingly, a Fund may pay a Broker commissions
higher than those available from another Broker in recognition of the Brokers provision of Soft
Dollar Products to Invesco or the Sub-Advisers.
Invesco and the Sub-Advisers face a potential conflict of interest when they use client trades
to obtain Soft Dollar Products. This conflict exists because Invesco and the Sub-Advisers are able
to use the Soft Dollar Products to manage client accounts without paying cash for the Soft Dollar
Products, which reduces Invescos or the Sub-Advisers expenses to the extent that Invesco or the
Sub-Advisers would have purchased such products had they not been provided by Brokers. Section
28(e) permits Invesco or the Sub-Advisers to use Soft Dollar Products for the benefit of any
account it manages. Certain Invesco-managed accounts (or accounts managed by the Sub-Advisers) may
generate soft dollars used to purchase Soft Dollar Products that ultimately benefit other Invesco
Advisers, Inc.-managed accounts (or Sub-Adviser-managed accounts), effectively cross subsidizing
the other Invesco-managed accounts (or the other Sub-Adviser-managed accounts) that benefit
directly from the product. Invesco or the Sub-Advisers may not use all of the Soft Dollar Products
provided by Brokers through which a Fund effects securities transactions in connection with
managing the Fund whose trades generated the soft dollars used to purchase such products.
Invesco presently engages in the following instances of cross-subsidization:
Smaller funds that do not generate significant soft dollar commissions may be cross-subsidized
by the larger equity Invesco funds in that the smaller equity funds receive the benefit of Soft
Dollar Products for which
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they do not pay. Certain other accounts managed by Invesco or certain of its affiliates may
benefit from Soft Dollar Products services for which they do not pay.
Invesco and the Sub-Advisers attempt to reduce or eliminate the potential conflicts of
interest concerning the use of Soft Dollar Products by directing client trades for Soft Dollar
Products only if Invesco or the Sub-Adviser concludes that the Broker supplying the product is
capable of providing best execution.
Certain Soft Dollar Products may be available directly from a vendor on a hard dollar basis;
other Soft Dollar Products are available only through Brokers in exchange for soft dollars.
Invesco and the Sub-Adviser use soft dollars to purchase two types of Soft Dollar Products:
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proprietary research created by the Broker executing the trade, and |
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other products created by third parties that are supplied to Invesco or the
Sub-Adviser through the Broker executing the trade. |
Proprietary research consists primarily of traditional research reports, recommendations and
similar materials produced by the in-house research staffs of broker-dealer firms. This research
includes evaluations and recommendations of specific companies or industry groups, as well as
analyses of general economic and market conditions and trends, market data, contacts and other
related information and assistance. Invesco periodically rates the quality of proprietary research
produced by various Brokers. Based on the evaluation of the quality of information that Invesco
receives from each Broker, Invesco develops an estimate of each Brokers share of Invesco clients
commission dollars and attempts to direct trades to these firms to meet these estimates.
Invesco and the Sub-Advisers also use soft dollars to acquire products from third parties that
are supplied to Invesco or the Sub-Advisers through Brokers executing the trades or other Brokers
who step in to a transaction and receive a portion of the brokerage commission for the trade.
Invesco or the Sub-Advisers may from time to time instruct the executing Broker to allocate or
step out a portion of a transaction to another Broker. The Broker to which Invesco or the
Sub-Advisers have stepped out would then settle and complete the designated portion of the
transaction, and the executing Broker would settle and complete the remaining portion of the
transaction that has not been stepped out. Each Broker may receive a commission or brokerage fee
with respect to that portion of the transaction that it settles and completes.
Soft Dollar Products received from Brokers supplement Invescos and or the Sub-Advisers own
research (and the research of certain of its affiliates), and may include the following types of
products and services:
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Database Services comprehensive databases containing current and/or
historical information on companies and industries and indices. Examples include
historical securities prices, earnings estimates and financial data. These services may
include software tools that allow the user to search the database or to prepare value-added
analyses related to the investment process (such as forecasts and models used in the
portfolio management process). |
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Quotation/Trading/News Systems products that provide real time market data
information, such as pricing of individual securities and information on current trading,
as well as a variety of news services. |
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Economic Data/Forecasting Tools various macro-economic forecasting tools,
such as economic data or currency and political forecasts for various countries or regions. |
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Quantitative/Technical Analysis software tools that assist in quantitative
and technical analysis of investment data. |
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Fundamental/Industry Analysis industry specific fundamental investment
research. |
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Other Specialized Tools other specialized products, such as consulting
analyses, access to industry experts, and distinct investment expertise such as forensic
accounting or custom built investment-analysis software. |
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If Invesco or the Sub-Advisers determines that any service or product has a mixed use (i.e.,
it also serves functions that do not assist the investment decision-making or trading process),
Invesco or the Sub-Advisers will allocate the costs of such service or product accordingly in its
reasonable discretion. Invesco or the Sub-Advisers will allocate brokerage commissions to Brokers
only for the portion of the service or product that Invesco or the Sub-Advisers determines assists
it in the investment decision-making or trading process and will pay for the remaining value of the
product or service in cash.
Outside research assistance is useful to Invesco or the Sub-Advisers because the Brokers used
by Invesco or the Sub-Advisers tend to provide more in-depth analysis of a broader universe of
securities and other matters than Invescos or the Sub-Advisers staff follows. In addition, such
services provide Invesco or the Sub-Advisers with a diverse perspective on financial markets. Some
Brokers may indicate that the provision of research services is dependent upon the generation of
certain specified levels of commissions and underwriting concessions by Invescos or the
Sub-Advisers clients, including the Funds. However, the Funds are not under any obligation to
deal with any Broker in the execution of transactions in portfolio securities. In some cases, Soft
Dollar Products are available only from the Broker providing them. In other cases, Soft Dollar
Products may be obtainable from alternative sources in return for cash payments. Invesco and the
Sub-Advisers believe that because Broker research supplements rather than replaces Invescos or the
Sub-Advisers research, the receipt of such research tends to improve the quality of Invescos or
the Sub-Advisers investment advice. The advisory fee paid by the Funds is not reduced because
Invesco or the Sub-Advisers receives such services. To the extent the Funds portfolio
transactions are used to obtain Soft Dollar Products, the brokerage commissions obtained by the
Funds might exceed those that might otherwise have been paid.
Invesco or the Sub-Advisers may determine target levels of brokerage business with various
Brokers on behalf of its clients (including the Funds) over a certain time period. Invesco
determines target levels based upon the following factors, among others: (1) the execution services
provided by the Broker; and (2) the research services provided by the Broker. Portfolio
transactions may be effected through Brokers that recommend the Funds to their clients, or that act
as agent in the purchase of a Funds shares for their clients, provided that Invesco or the
Sub-Advisers believes such Brokers provide best execution and such transactions are executed in
compliance with Invescos policy against using directed brokerage to compensate Brokers for
promoting or selling Invesco Fund shares. Invesco and the Sub-Advisers will not enter into a
binding commitment with Brokers to place trades with such Brokers involving brokerage commissions
in precise amounts.
Directed Brokerage (Research Services)
[Directed brokerage (research services) paid by each Fund during its last fiscal year are
found in Appendix I to this SAI.]
Regular Brokers
[During their last fiscal year, the Funds did not acquire securities of their regular
broker-dealers.]
Allocation of Portfolio Transactions
Invesco and the Sub-Advisers manage numerous Invesco Funds and other accounts. Some of these
accounts may have investment objectives similar to the Funds. Occasionally, identical securities
will be appropriate for investment by one of the Funds and by another Fund or one or more other
accounts. However, the position of each account in the same security and the length of time that
each account may hold its investment in the same security may vary. Invesco and the Sub-Adviser
will also determine the timing and amount of purchases for an account based on its cash position.
If the purchase or sale of securities is consistent with the investment policies of the Fund(s) and
one or more other accounts, and is considered at or about the same time, Invesco or the Sub-Adviser
will allocate transactions in such securities among the Fund(s) and these accounts on a pro rata
basis based on order size or in such other manner believed by Invesco to be fair and equitable.
Invesco or the Sub-Adviser may combine transactions in accordance with applicable laws and
regulations to obtain the most favorable execution. Simultaneous transactions could, however,
adversely affect a Funds ability to obtain or dispose of the full amount of a security which it
seeks to purchase or sell.
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Tax Matters
The following is a general summary of certain additional tax considerations of investing,
holding and disposing of Common Shares of the Funds (for purposes of this section, the Fund). It
is not intended to be a complete discussion of all such federal income tax consequences, nor does
it purport to deal with all categories of investors (including common shareholders with large
positions in the Fund). No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of the tax treatment
of the Fund or its shareholders, and the discussion here and in the Prospectus is not intended as a
substitute for careful tax planning.
This Tax Matters section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code) and applicable regulations in effect on the date of this Statement of Additional
Information. Future legislative, regulatory or administrative changes, including provisions of
current law that sunset and thereafter no longer apply, or court decisions may significantly change
the tax rules applicable to the Fund and its shareholders. Any of these changes or court decisions
may have a retroactive effect.
This is for general information only and not tax advice. All investors should consult their
own tax advisors as to the federal, state, local and foreign tax provisions applicable to them.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund has elected and intends to qualify (or, if newly organized,
intends to elect and qualify) each year as a regulated investment company (sometimes referred to
as a regulated investment company, RIC or fund) under Subchapter M of the Code. If the Fund
qualifies, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of its investment
company taxable income (i.e., generally, taxable interest, dividends, net short-term capital gains
and other taxable ordinary income net of expenses without regard to the deduction for dividends
paid) and net capital gain (i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term
capital losses) that it distributes to shareholders.
Qualification as a regulated investment company. In order to qualify for treatment as a
regulated investment company, the Fund must satisfy the following requirements:
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Distribution Requirement the Fund must distribute at least 90% of its investment
company taxable income and 90% of its net tax-exempt income, if any, for the tax year
(certain distributions made by the Fund after the close of its tax year are considered
distributions attributable to the previous tax year for purposes of satisfying this
requirement). |
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Income Requirement the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income from
dividends, interest, certain payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the
sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income
(including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived
from its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income
derived from qualified publicly traded partnerships (QPTPs). |
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Asset Diversification Test the Fund must satisfy the following asset diversification
test at the close of each quarter of the Funds tax year: (1) at least 50% of the value of
the Funds assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities,
securities of other regulated investment companies, and securities of other issuers (as to
which the Fund has not invested more than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets in
securities of an issuer and as to which the Fund does not hold more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of the issuer); and (2) no more than 25% of the value of the
Funds total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S.
Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies) or of two or
more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or
businesses, or, collectively, in the securities of QPTPs. |
In some circumstances, the character and timing of income realized by the Fund for purposes of
the Income Requirement or the identification of the issuer for purposes of the Asset
Diversification Test is uncertain under current law with respect to a particular investment, and an
adverse determination or future guidance by IRS with respect to such type of investment may
adversely affect the Funds ability to satisfy these requirements. See Tax Treatment of Portfolio
Transactions with respect to the application of these requirements to certain types of
investments. In other circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings in order
to meet the Income
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Requirement, Distribution Requirement, or Asset Diversification Test, which may have a
negative impact on the Funds income and performance. In lieu of potential disqualification, the
Fund is permitted to pay a tax for certain failures to satisfy the Asset Diversification Test or
Income Requirement, which, in general, are limited to those due to reasonable cause and not willful
neglect, for taxable years of the Fund with respect to which the extended due date of the return is
after December 22, 2010.
If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of
its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate
rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders, and the dividends would be taxable
to the shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of
the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits. Failure to qualify as a regulated
investment company thus would have a negative impact on the Funds income and performance. Subject
to savings provisions for certain inadvertent failures to satisfy the Income Requirement or Asset
Diversification Test which, in general, are limited to those due to reasonable cause and not
willful neglect, it is possible that the Fund will not qualify as a regulated investment company in
any given tax year. Even if such savings provisions apply, the Fund may be subject to a monetary
sanction of $50,000 or more. Moreover, the Board reserves the right not to maintain the
qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company if it determines such a course of
action to be beneficial to shareholders.
Portfolio turnover. For investors that hold their Fund shares in a taxable account, a high
portfolio turnover rate (except in a money market fund that maintains a stable net asset value) may
result in higher taxes. This is because a Fund with a high turnover rate may accelerate the
recognition of capital gains and more of such gains are likely to be taxable as short-term rather
than long-term capital gains in contrast to a comparable fund with a low turnover rate. Any such
higher taxes would reduce the Funds after-tax performance. See Taxation of Fund Distributions
(All Funds) Capital gain dividends below. For non-U.S. investors, any such acceleration of the
recognition of capital gains that results in more short-term and less long-term capital gains being
recognized by the Fund may cause such investors to be subject to increased U.S. withholding taxes.
See, Foreign Shareholders U.S. withholding tax at the source below.
Capital loss carryovers. The capital losses of the Fund, if any, do not flow through to
shareholders. Rather, the Fund may use its capital losses, subject to applicable limitations, to
offset its capital gains without being required to pay taxes on or distribute to shareholders such
gains that are offset by the losses. Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of
2010 (RIC Mod Act), if the Fund has a net capital loss (that is, capital losses in excess of
capital gains) for a taxable year beginning after December 22, 2010, the excess (if any) of the
Funds net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a
short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Funds next taxable year, and the excess
(if any) of the Funds net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is
treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Funds next taxable year. Any
such net capital losses of the Fund that are not used to offset capital gains may be carried
forward indefinitely to reduce any future capital gains realized by the Fund in succeeding taxable
years. However, for any net capital losses realized in taxable years of the Fund beginning on or
before December 22, 2010, the Fund is permitted to carry forward such capital losses for eight
years as a short-term capital loss. Under a transition rule, capital losses arising in a taxable
year beginning after December 22, 2010 must be used before capital losses realized in a prior
taxable year. The amount of capital losses that can be carried forward and used in any single year
is subject to an annual limitation if there is a more than 50% change in ownership of the Fund.
An ownership change generally results when shareholders owning 5% or more of the Fund increase
their aggregate holdings by more than 50% over a three-year look-back period. An ownership change
could result in capital loss carryovers being used at a slower rate (or, in the case of those
realized in taxable years of the Fund beginning on or before December 22, 2010, to expire), thereby
reducing the Funds ability to offset capital gains with those losses. An increase in the amount
of taxable gains distributed to the Funds shareholders could result from an ownership change. The
Fund undertakes no obligation to avoid or prevent an ownership change, which can occur in the
normal course of shareholder purchases and redemptions or as a result of engaging in a tax-free
reorganization with another fund. Moreover, because of circumstances beyond the Funds control,
there can be no assurance that the Fund will not experience, or has not already experienced, an
ownership change.
Deferral of late year losses. The Fund may elect to treat part or all of any qualified late
year loss as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Funds
taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The
effect of this election is to treat any such qualified late year
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loss as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year, which may change the timing,
amount, or characterization of Fund distributions (see, Taxation of Fund Distributions (All Funds)
Capital gain dividends below). A qualified late year loss includes:
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any net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital
loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year (post-October losses), and |
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the excess, if any, of (1) the sum of (a) specified losses incurred after
October 31 of the current taxable year, and (b) other ordinary losses incurred after
December 31 of the current taxable year, over (2) the sum of (a) specified gains
incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and (b) other ordinary gains
incurred after December 31 of the current taxable year. |
The terms specified losses and specified gains mean ordinary losses and gains from the
sale, exchange, or other disposition of property (including the termination of a position with
respect to such property), foreign currency losses and gains, and losses and gains resulting from
holding stock in a passive foreign investment company (PFIC) for which a mark-to-market election is
in effect. The terms ordinary losses and ordinary gains mean other ordinary losses and gains
that are not described in the preceding sentence.
Undistributed capital gains. The Fund may retain or distribute to shareholders its net
capital gain for each taxable year. The Fund currently intends to distribute net capital gains.
If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the
extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the highest corporate tax rate (currently 35%).
If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to
have shareholders treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain,
with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on
its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata
share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an
amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Federal excise tax. To avoid a 4% non-deductible excise tax, the Fund must distribute by
December 31 of each year an amount equal to: (1) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year,
(2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (the excess of the gains from sales or exchanges of capital
assets over the losses from such sales or exchanges) for the one-year period ended on October 31 of
such calendar year (or, at the election of a regulated investment company having a taxable year
ending November 30 or December 31, for its taxable year), and (3) any prior year undistributed
ordinary income and capital gain net income. Under the RIC Mod Act, the Fund may elect to defer to
the following year any net ordinary loss incurred for the portion of the calendar year which is
after the beginning of the funds taxable year. Also, the Fund will defer any specified gain or
specified loss which would be properly taken into account for the portion of the calendar after
October 31. Any net ordinary loss, specified gain, or specified loss deferred shall be treated as
arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. Generally, the Fund intends to make
sufficient distributions to avoid any material liability for federal income and excise tax but can
give no assurances that all or a portion of such liability will be avoided. In addition, under
certain circumstances temporary timing or permanent differences in the realization of income and
expense for book and tax purposes can result in the Fund having to pay an excise tax.
Foreign income tax. Investment income received by the Fund from sources within foreign
countries may be subject to foreign income tax withheld at the source, and the amount of tax
withheld generally will be treated as an expense of the Fund. The United States has entered into
tax treaties with many foreign countries that entitle the Fund to a reduced rate of, or exemption
from, tax on such income. Some countries require the filing of a tax reclaim to receive the benefit
of the reduced tax rate; whether or when the Fund will receive the tax reclaim is within the
control of the individual country. Other countries may subject capital gains realized by the Fund
on sale or disposition of securities of that country to taxation. It is impossible to determine the
effective rate of foreign tax in advance since the amount of the Funds assets to be invested in
various countries is not known. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may elect to pass-through
foreign tax credits to shareholders, although it reserves the right not to do so.
Taxation of Fund Distributions (All Funds). The Fund anticipates distributing substantially
all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain for each taxable year.
Distributions by the Fund will be
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treated in the manner described regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or
reinvested in additional shares of the Fund (or of another Fund).
Distributions of ordinary income. The Fund receives income generally in the form of dividends
and/or interest on its investments. The Fund may also recognize ordinary income from other sources,
including, but not limited to, certain gains on foreign currency-related transactions. This income,
less expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, constitutes the Funds net investment income
from which dividends may be paid to you. If you are a taxable investor, distributions of net
investment income generally are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Funds earnings
and profits. None of the dividends paid by the Fund will qualify for the dividends received
deduction in the case of corporate shareholders or as qualified dividend income subject to reduced
rates of taxation in the case of noncorporate shareholders.
Capital gain dividends. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the
Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or
her shares. In general, the Fund will recognize long-term capital gain or loss on the sale or other
disposition of assets it has owned for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss on
investments it has owned for one year or less. Distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net
long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) that are properly reported by the Fund to
shareholders as capital gain dividends generally will be taxable to a shareholder receiving such
distributions as long-term capital gain. Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals are
taxed at the maximum rate of 15% or 25% (through 2012) depending on the nature of the capital gain.
Distributions of net short-term capital gains for a taxable year in excess of net long-term capital
losses for such taxable year generally will be taxable to a shareholder receiving such
distributions as ordinary income.
Return of capital distributions. Distributions by the Fund that are not paid from earnings and
profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of (and in reduction of) the
shareholders tax basis in his shares; any excess will be treated as gain from the sale of his
shares. Thus, the portion of a distribution that constitutes a return of capital will decrease the
shareholders tax basis in his Fund shares (but not below zero), and will result in an increase in
the amount of gain (or decrease in the amount of loss) that will be recognized by the shareholder
for tax purposes on the later sale of such Fund shares. Where one or more distributions occur in
any taxable year, the available current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund will be
allocated, first, to the distributions made to the holders of any outstanding Preferred Shares of
the Fund, and only thereafter to distributions made to common shareholders of such Fund. As a
result, the holders of any outstanding Preferred Shares of the Fund may receive a disproportionate
share of the distributions treated as dividends, and the holders of the Common Shares may receive a
disproportionate share of the distributions treated as a return of capital.
U.S. Government interest. Income earned on certain U.S. Government obligations is exempt from
state and local personal income taxes if earned directly by you. States also grant tax-free status
to dividends paid to you from interest earned on direct obligations of the U.S. Government,
subject in some states to minimum investment or reporting requirements that must be met by the
Fund. Income on investments by the Fund in certain other obligations, such as repurchase agreements
collateralized by U.S. Government obligations, commercial paper and federal agency-backed
obligations (e.g., Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) or Federal National Mortgage
Association (FNMA) obligations), generally does not qualify for tax-free treatment. The rules on
exclusion of this income are different for corporations.
Dividends declared in December and paid in January. Ordinarily, shareholders are required to
take distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made.
However, dividends declared in October, November or December of any year and payable to
shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month will be deemed to have been received by
the shareholders (and made by the Fund) on December 31 of such calendar year if such dividends are
actually paid in January of the following year.
Medicare tax. The recently enacted Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as
amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act of 2010, will impose a
3.8% Medicare tax on net investment income earned by certain individuals, estates and trusts for
taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012. Net investment income, for these purposes, means
investment income, including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the
Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares, reduced by the
deductions properly allocable to such income. In the case of an individual, the tax will
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be imposed on the lesser of (1) the shareholders net investment income or (2) the amount by which
the shareholders modified adjusted gross income exceeds $250,000 (if the shareholder is married
and filing jointly or a surviving spouse), $125,000 (if the shareholder is married and filing
separately) or $200,000 (in any other case).
Reporting to Shareholders. Shareholders will be advised annually as to the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of distributions made (or deemed made) during the year in accordance with
the guidance that has been provided by the IRS. The IRSs position in a published revenue ruling
indicates that the Fund is required to report distributions paid with respect to its Common Shares
and its Preferred Shares as consisting of a portion of each type of income distributed by such
Fund. The portion of each type of income deemed received by the holders of each class of shares
will be equal to the portion of total Fund dividends received by such class. Thus, the Fund intends
to report dividends paid as exempt-interest dividends in a manner that allocates such dividends
between the holders of the Common Shares and the holders of Preferred Shares in proportion to the
total dividends paid to each such class during or with respect to the taxable year, or otherwise as
required by applicable law. Capital gain dividends and ordinary income dividends will similarly be
allocated between the two classes. To the extent permitted under applicable law, the Fund reserves
the right to make special allocations of income, consistent with the objectives of the Fund and any
requirements with respect to any Preferred Shares.
Under certain circumstances such as those described in Dividends and Distributions in the
prospectus, the Fund will not be allowed to declare a cash dividend or other distribution on its
Common Shares. This inability to declare distributions may prevent the Fund from distributing at
least an amount equal to the sum of 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income
(determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and its net tax-exempt interest,
and may therefore jeopardize the Funds qualification for taxation as a RIC or cause the Fund to
incur a tax liability or a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed taxable income
(including net capital gain) (as described above), or both. Although the Fund may redeem Preferred
Shares in order to avoid the adverse consequences to the Fund and its shareholders of failing to
qualify as a RIC, there can be no assurance that any such redemption would achieve such objectives.
Taxation of Fund Distributions (Tax-Free Funds). Each of the Tax-Free Funds intends to qualify
each year to pay exempt-interest dividends by satisfying the requirement that at the close of each
quarter of the Funds taxable year at least 50% of the Funds total assets consists of municipal
securities, which are exempt from federal income tax. For purposes of this discussion, the
Tax-Free Funds include all Funds, except the Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II and the
Invesco High Yield Investments Fund, Inc.
Exempt-interest dividends. Distributions from the Fund will constitute exempt-interest
dividends to the extent of the Funds tax-exempt interest income (net of allocable expenses and
amortized bond premium). Exempt-interest dividends distributed to shareholders of the Fund are
excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes. However, shareholders required to file
a federal income tax return will be required to report the receipt of exempt-interest dividends on
their returns. Moreover, while exempt-interest dividends are excluded from gross income for federal
income tax purposes, they may be subject to alternative minimum tax (AMT) in certain circumstances
and may have other collateral tax consequences as discussed below.
Distributions of ordinary income and capital gains. Any gain or loss from the sale or other
disposition of a tax-exempt security generally is treated as either long-term or short-term capital
gain or loss, depending upon its holding period, and is fully taxable. However, gain recognized
from the sale or other disposition of a tax-exempt security purchased after April 30, 1993, will be
treated as ordinary income to the extent of the accrued market discount on such security.
Distributions by the Fund of ordinary income and capital gains will be taxable to shareholders as
discussed under Taxation of Fund Distributions (All Funds).
Alternative minimum tax private activity bonds. AMT is imposed in addition to, but only to
the extent it exceeds, the regular tax and is computed at a maximum rate of 28% for non-corporate
taxpayers and 20% for corporate taxpayers on the excess of the taxpayers alternative minimum
taxable income (AMTI) over an exemption amount. Exempt-interest dividends derived from certain
private activity municipal securities issued after August 7, 1986 generally will constitute an
item of tax preference includable in AMTI for both corporate and non-corporate taxpayers. However,
tax-exempt interest on private activity bonds issued in 2009 and 2010 is not an item of tax
preference for purposes of the AMT. In addition, exempt-interest dividends derived from all
municipal securities regardless of the date of issue must be included in adjusted current earnings
that are used in computing an additional
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corporate preference item includable in AMTI. Certain small corporations are wholly exempt from the
AMT. Consistent with its stated investment objective, the fund intends to limit its investments in
private activity bonds subject to the AMT to no more than 20% of its total assets in any given
year.
Effect on taxation of social security benefits; denial of interest deduction; substantial
users. Exempt-interest dividends must be taken into account in computing the portion, if any, of
social security or railroad retirement benefits that must be included in an individual
shareholders gross income subject to federal income tax. Further, a shareholder of the Fund is
denied a deduction for interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry shares
of the Fund. Moreover, a shareholder who is (or is related to) a substantial user of a facility
financed by industrial development bonds held by the Fund likely will be subject to tax on
dividends paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on such bonds. Receipt of exempt-interest
dividends may result in other collateral federal income tax consequences to certain taxpayers,
including financial institutions, property and casualty insurance companies and foreign
corporations engaged in a trade or business in the United States.
Exemption from state tax. To the extent that exempt-interest dividends are derived from
interest on obligations of a state or its political subdivisions or from interest on qualifying
U.S. territorial obligations (including qualifying obligations of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin
Islands, and Guam), they also may be exempt from that states personal income taxes. Most states,
however, do not grant tax-free treatment to interest on state and municipal securities of other
states.
Failure of a Municipal Security to qualify to pay exempt-interest. Failure of the issuer of a
tax-exempt security to comply with certain legal or contractual requirements relating to a
municipal security could cause interest on the municipal security, as well as Fund distributions
derived from this interest, to become taxable, perhaps retroactively to the date the municipal
security was issued. In such a case, the Fund may be required to report to the IRS and send to
shareholders amended Forms 1099 for a prior taxable year in order to report additional taxable
income. This in turn could require shareholders to file amended federal and state income tax
returns for such prior year to report and pay tax and interest on their pro rata share of the
additional amount of taxable income.
Effect of changes in tax rates and policies. The value of the Funds investments and its net
asset value may be adversely affected by changes in tax rates and policies. Because interest income
from municipal securities is normally not subject to regular federal income taxation, the
attractiveness of municipal securities in relation to other investment alternatives is affected by
changes in federal income tax rates or changes in the tax-exempt status of interest income from
municipal securities. Any proposed or actual changes in such rates or exempt status, therefore, can
significantly affect the demand for and supply, liquidity and marketability of municipal
securities. This could in turn affect the Funds net asset value and ability to acquire and dispose
of municipal securities at desirable yield and price levels. Additionally, the Fund is not suitable
investments for individual retirement accounts, for other tax-exempt or tax-deferred accounts or
for investors who are not sensitive to the federal income tax consequences of their investments.
Distributions paid by the Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal Income Trust, Invesco
California Municipal Income Trust, Invesco California Quality Municipal Securities, and Invesco
California Municipal Securities. Shareholders of the Fund may exclude any exempt interest dividends
paid to you by the Fund from your California taxable income for purposes of the California personal
income tax if:
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the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code and at the close of
each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50 percent of the value of its total assets
consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from taxation by the State of
California when held by an individual; |
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the dividends are derived from interest on obligations of the State of California and
its political subdivisions or qualifying obligations of U.S. territories and possessions
that are exempt from state taxation under federal law; |
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the dividends paid do not exceed the amount of interest (minus certain non-deductible
expenses) the Fund receives, during its taxable year, on obligations that, when held by an
individual, pay interest exempt from taxation by California; and |
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the Fund properly identifies the dividends as California exempt interest dividends in a
written notice mailed to the investor. |
Any distributions of net short-term and long-term capital gain earned by the Fund and any
gain from the sale of shares of the Fund by a shareholder are included in a shareholders taxable
income for purposes of the California personal income tax. Residents of California may be subject
to backup withholding at 7% on the proceeds from the sale of Fund shares.
Distributions from the Fund, including exempt-interest dividends, may be taxable to
shareholders that are subject to certain provisions of the California Corporation Tax Law.
Distributions paid by the Invesco New York Quality Municipal Securities and the Invesco Van
Kampen Trust for Investment Grade New York Municipals. Shareholders of the Fund may exclude any
exempt interest dividends paid to you by the Fund from your taxable income for purposes of the New
York state income taxes and the New York City income tax, if the dividends can be excluded from
your gross income for federal income tax purposes and if the dividends are attributable to interest
on:
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obligations of the State of New York or its political subdivisions; or |
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qualifying obligations of possessions of the United States. |
Dividends from (or the value of) the Fund, including exempt interest dividends, may be taken into
account in determining the New York State and New York City income and franchise taxes on business
corporations, banking corporations and insurance companies when paid to (or held by) shareholders
subject to such taxes.
Sale or Redemption of Fund Shares. A shareholder will recognize gain or loss on the sale or
redemption of shares of the Fund in an amount equal to the difference between the proceeds of the
sale or redemption and the shareholders adjusted tax basis in the shares. If you owned your
shares as a capital asset, any gain or loss that you realize will be considered capital gain or
loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held for longer than one year.
Any redemption fees you incur on shares redeemed will decrease the amount of any capital gain (or
increase any capital loss) you realize on the sale. Capital losses in any year are deductible only
to the extent of capital gains plus, in the case of a noncorporate taxpayer, $3,000 of ordinary
income.
Tax basis information. The Fund will be required to provide shareholders with cost basis
information on the redemption of any of the shareholders shares in the Fund, subject to certain
exceptions for exempt recipients. This cost basis reporting requirement is effective for shares
purchased in the Fund on or after January 1, 2012 where the cost basis of the shares is known by
the Fund and which are disposed of after that date. If you hold your Fund shares through a broker
(or other nominee), please contact that broker (nominee) with respect to the reporting of cost
basis and available elections for your account. For more information about the cost basis methods
offered by Invesco, please refer to the Tax Center located under the Accounts & Services menu of
our website at http://www.Invesco.com/us.
Wash sale rule. All or a portion of any loss so recognized may be deferred under the wash
sale rules if the shareholder purchases other shares of the Fund within 30 days before or after the
sale or redemption.
Sales at a loss within six months of purchase. Any capital loss arising from the sale or
redemption of shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the
extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received on such shares and any such loss will be
disallowed to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends that were received within the six-month
period.
Tax shelter reporting. Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with
respect to the Funds shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or
more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on
Form 8886.
Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions. Set forth below is a general description of the tax
treatment of certain types of securities, investment techniques and transactions that may apply to
a fund. This section should be
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read in conjunction with the discussion under Investment Strategies and Risks for a detailed
description of the various types of securities and investment techniques that apply to the Fund.
In general. In general, gain or loss recognized by a fund on the sale or other disposition of
portfolio investments will be a capital gain or loss. Such capital gain and loss may be long-term
or short-term depending, in general, upon the length of time a particular investment position is
maintained and, in some cases, upon the nature of the transaction. Property held for more than one
year generally will be eligible for long-term capital gain or loss treatment. The application of
certain rules described below may serve to alter the manner in which the holding period for a
security is determined or may otherwise affect the characterization as long-term or short-term, and
also the timing of the realization and/or character, of certain gains or losses.
Certain fixed-income investments. Gain recognized on the disposition of a debt obligation
purchased by a fund at a market discount (generally, at a price less than its principal amount)
will be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the portion of the market discount that accrued
during the period of time the fund held the debt obligation unless the fund made a current
inclusion election to accrue market discount into income as it accrues. If a fund purchases a debt
obligation (such as a zero coupon security or pay-in-kind security) that was originally issued at a
discount, the fund generally is required to include in gross income each year the portion of the
original issue discount that accrues during such year. Therefore, a funds investment in such
securities may cause the fund to recognize income and make distributions to shareholders before it
receives any cash payments on the securities. To generate cash to satisfy those distribution
requirements, a fund may have to sell portfolio securities that it otherwise might have continued
to hold or to use cash flows from other sources such as the sale of fund shares.
Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present tax issues for a
fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent a fund
should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, when a fund may cease to accrue interest,
original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent a fund may take deductions for
bad debts or worthless securities and how a fund should allocate payments received on obligations
in default between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by a
fund in order to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated
investment company.
Options, futures, forward contracts, swap agreements and hedging transactions. In general,
option premiums received by a fund are not immediately included in the income of the fund. Instead,
the premiums are recognized when the option contract expires, the option is exercised by the
holder, or the fund transfers or otherwise terminates the option (e.g., through a closing
transaction). If an option written by a fund is exercised and the fund sells or delivers the
underlying stock, the fund generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to (a) sum of the
strike price and the option premium received by the fund minus (b) the funds basis in the stock.
Such gain or loss generally will be short-term or long-term depending upon the holding period of
the underlying stock. If securities are purchased by a fund pursuant to the exercise of a put
option written by it, the fund generally will subtract the premium received from its cost basis in
the securities purchased. The gain or loss with respect to any termination of a funds obligation
under an option other than through the exercise of the option and related sale or delivery of the
underlying stock generally will be short-term gain or loss depending on whether the premium income
received by the fund is greater or less than the amount paid by the fund (if any) in terminating
the transaction. Thus, for example, if an option written by a fund expires unexercised, the fund
generally will recognize short-term gain equal to the premium received.
The tax treatment of certain futures contracts entered into by a fund as well as listed
non-equity options written or purchased by the fund on U.S. exchanges (including options on futures
contracts, broad-based equity indices and debt securities) may be governed by section 1256 of the
Code (section 1256 contracts). Gains or losses on section 1256 contracts generally are considered
60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gains or losses (60/40), although certain foreign currency
gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary in character. Also, any section
1256 contracts held by a fund at the end of each taxable year (and, for purposes of the 4% excise
tax, on certain other dates as prescribed under the Code) are marked to market with the result
that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized and the resulting gain or
loss is treated as ordinary or 60/40 gain or loss, as applicable. Section 1256 contracts do not
include any interest rate swap, currency swap, basis swap, interest rate cap, interest rate floor,
commodity swap, equity swap, equity index swap, credit default swap, or similar agreement.
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In addition to the special rules described above in respect of options and futures
transactions, a funds transactions in other derivative instruments (including options, forward
contracts and swap agreements) as well as its other hedging, short sale, or similar transactions,
may be subject to one or more special tax rules (including the constructive sale, notional
principal contract, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules). These rules may affect whether gains
and losses recognized by a fund are treated as ordinary or capital or as short-term or long-term,
accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the fund, defer losses to the fund, and cause
adjustments in the holding periods of the funds securities. These rules, therefore, could affect
the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to shareholders. Moreover, because the tax
rules applicable to derivative financial instruments are in some cases uncertain under current law,
an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which
determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether a fund has made sufficient
distributions and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements to maintain its qualification as a
regulated investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.
Certain of a funds investments in derivatives and foreign currency-denominated instruments,
and the funds transactions in foreign currencies and hedging activities, may produce a difference
between its book income and its taxable income. If a funds book income is less than the sum of its
taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the fund could be required to make distributions
exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company. If a funds book income exceeds
the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the distribution of any such
excess will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the funds remaining earnings and profits
(including current earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income, reduced by related
deductions), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipients basis in the
shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.
Foreign currency transactions. A funds transactions in foreign currencies, foreign
currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and
forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent
such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned. This
treatment could increase or decrease a funds ordinary income distributions to you, and may cause
some or all of the funds previously distributed income to be classified as a return of capital. In
certain cases, a fund may make an election to treat such gain or loss as capital.
PFIC investments. A fund may invest in securities of foreign companies that may be classified
under the Code as PFICs. In general, a foreign company is classified as a PFIC if at least one-half
of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is
investment-type income. When investing in PFIC securities, a fund intends to mark-to-market these
securities under certain provisions of the Code and recognize any unrealized gains as ordinary
income at the end of the funds fiscal and excise tax years. Deductions for losses are allowable
only to the extent of any current or previously recognized gains. These gains (reduced by allowable
losses) are treated as ordinary income that a fund is required to distribute, even though it has
not sold or received dividends from these securities. You should also be aware that the designation
of a foreign security as a PFIC security will cause its income dividends to fall outside of the
definition of qualified foreign corporation dividends. These dividends generally will not qualify
for the reduced rate of taxation on qualified dividends when distributed to you by a fund. Foreign
companies are not required to identify themselves as PFICs. Due to various complexities in
identifying PFICs, a fund can give no assurances that it will be able to identity portfolio
securities in foreign corporations that are PFICs in time for the fund to make a mark-to-market
election. If a fund is unable to identify an investment as a PFIC and thus does not make a
mark-to-market election, the fund may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a portion of any
excess distribution or gain from the disposition of such shares even if such income is
distributed as a taxable dividend by the fund to its shareholders. Additional charges in the nature
of interest may be imposed on a fund in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions
or gains.
Investments in non-U.S. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). While non-U.S. REITs often
use complex acquisition structures that seek to minimize taxation in the source country, an
investment by a fund in a non-U.S. REIT may subject the fund, directly or indirectly, to corporate
taxes, withholding taxes, transfer taxes and other indirect taxes in the country in which the real
estate acquired by the non-U.S. REIT is located. The funds pro rata share of any such taxes will
reduce the funds return on its investment. A funds investment in a non-U.S. REIT may be
considered an investment in a PFIC, as discussed above in Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions
PFIC investments. Additionally, foreign withholding taxes on distributions from the non-U.S.
REIT may be reduced or eliminated under certain tax treaties, as discussed above in Taxation of
the Fund Foreign income
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tax. Also, the fund in certain limited circumstances may be required to file an income tax
return in the source country and pay tax on any gain realized from its investment in the non-U.S.
REIT under rules similar to those in the United States which tax foreign persons on gain realized
from dispositions of interests in U.S. real estate.
Investments in U.S. REITs. A U.S. REIT is not subject to federal income tax on the income and
gains it distributes to shareholders. Dividends paid by a U.S. REIT, other than capital gain
distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the U.S. REITs current and
accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a U.S. REIT to the fund will be
treated as long term capital gains by the fund and, in turn, may be distributed by the fund to its
shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Because of certain noncash expenses, such as property
depreciation, an equity U.S. REITs cash flow may exceed its taxable income. The equity U.S. REIT,
and in turn a fund, may distribute this excess cash to shareholders in the form of a return of
capital distribution. However, if a U.S. REIT is operated in a manner that fails to qualify as a
REIT, an investment in the U.S. REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable
income of the U.S. REIT would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates without
any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders
as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the U.S. REITs
current and accumulated earnings and profits. Also, see Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions
Investment in taxable mortgage pools (excess inclusion income) and Foreign Shareholders U.S.
withholding tax at the source with respect to certain other tax aspects of investing in U.S.
REITs.
Investment in taxable mortgage pools (excess inclusion income). Under a Notice issued by the
IRS, the Code and Treasury regulations to be issued, a portion of a funds income from a U.S. REIT
that is attributable to the REITs residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduits
(REMICs) or equity interests in a taxable mortgage pool (referred to in the Code as an excess
inclusion) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. The excess inclusion income of a
regulated investment company, such as a fund, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated
investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same
consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or, if applicable,
taxable mortgage pool directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i)
cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift
institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) to entities (including
qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts, 401(k) plans, Keogh plans or other
tax-exempt entities) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is
allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to
file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a foreign stockholder, will
not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. In addition, if at any time during
any taxable year a disqualified organization (which generally includes certain cooperatives,
governmental entities, and tax-exempt organizations not subject to UBTI) is a record holder of a
share in a regulated investment company, then the regulated investment company will be subject to a
tax equal to that portion of its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to
the disqualified organization, multiplied by the highest federal income tax rate imposed on
corporations. The Notice imposes certain reporting requirements upon regulated investment companies
that have excess inclusion income. There can be no assurance that a fund will not allocate to
shareholders excess inclusion income.
These rules are potentially applicable to a fund with respect to any income it receives from
the equity interests of certain mortgage pooling vehicles, either directly or, as is more likely,
through an investment in a U.S. REIT. It is unlikely that these rules will apply to a fund that has
a non-REIT strategy.
Investments in partnerships and qualified publicly traded partnerships (QPTP). For purposes of
the Income Requirement, income derived by a fund from a partnership that is not a QPTP will be
treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of
the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by the fund. For purposes of
testing whether the fund satisfies the Asset Diversification Test, the fund generally is treated as
owning a pro rata share of the underlying assets of a partnership. See Taxation of the Fund
Qualification as a regulated investment company. In contrast, different rules apply to a
partnership that is a QPTP. A QPTP is a partnership (a) the interests in which are traded on an
established securities market, (b) that is treated as a partnership for federal income tax
purposes, and (c) that derives less than 90% of its income from sources that satisfy the Income
Requirement (i.e., because it invests in commodities). All of the net income derived by a fund from
an interest in a QPTP will be treated as qualifying income but the fund may not invest more than
25% of its total assets in one or more QPTPs. However, there can be no assurance that a partnership
classified as a QPTP in one year will qualify as a QPTP in the next year. Any such failure to
annually qualify as a QPTP might, in
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turn, cause a fund to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company. Although, in general,
the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules do apply to a fund with respect
to items attributable to an interest in a QPTP. Fund investments in partnerships, including in
QPTPs, may result in the funds being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or
withholding tax liabilities.
Investments in commodities structured notes, corporate subsidiary and certain ETFs. Gains
from the disposition of commodities, including precious metals, will neither be considered
qualifying income for purposes of satisfying the Income Requirement nor qualifying assets for
purposes of satisfying the Asset Diversification Test. See Taxation of the Fund Qualification
as a regulated investment company. Also, the IRS has issued a Revenue Ruling which holds that
income derived from commodity-linked swaps is not qualifying income for purposes of the Income
Requirement. However, in a subsequent Revenue Ruling, as well as in a number of follow-on private
letter rulings, the IRS provides that income from certain alternative investments which create
commodity exposure, such as certain commodity index-linked or structured notes or a corporate
subsidiary that invests in commodities, may be considered qualifying income under the Code.
However, as of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the IRS has suspended the
issuance of any further private letter rulings pending a review of its position. Should the IRS
issue guidance that adversely affects the tax treatment of a funds use of commodity-linked notes,
or a corporate subsidiary, the fund may no longer be able to utilize commodity index-linked notes
or a corporate subsidiary to gain commodity exposure. In addition, a fund may gain exposure to
commodities through investment in QPTPs such as an exchange traded fund or ETF that is classified
as a partnership and which invests in commodities. Accordingly, the extent to which a fund invests
in commodities or commodity-linked derivatives may be limited by the Income Requirement and the
Asset Diversification Test, which the fund must continue to satisfy to maintain its status as a
regulated investment company. A fund also may be limited in its ability to sell its investments in
commodities, commodity-linked derivatives, and certain ETFs or be forced to sell other investments
to generate income due to the Income Requirement. In lieu of potential disqualification, a fund is
permitted to pay a tax for certain failures to satisfy the Asset Diversification Test or Income
Requirement, which, in general, are limited to those due to reasonable cause and not willful
neglect, for taxable years of a fund with respect to which the extended due date of the return is
after December 22, 2010.
Securities lending. While securities are loaned out by a fund, the fund generally will
receive from the borrower amounts equal to any dividends or interest paid on the borrowed
securities. For federal income tax purposes, payments made in lieu of dividends are not
considered dividend income. These distributions will neither qualify for the reduced rate of
taxation for individuals on qualified dividends nor the 70% dividends received deduction for
corporations. Also, any foreign tax withheld on payments made in lieu of dividends or interest
will not qualify for the pass-through of foreign tax credits to shareholders. Additionally, in the
case of a fund with a strategy of investing in tax-exempt securities, any payments made in lieu
of tax-exempt interest will be considered taxable income to the fund, and thus, to the investors,
even though such interest may be tax-exempt when paid to the borrower.
Investments in convertible securities. Convertible debt is ordinarily treated as a single
property consisting of a pure debt interest until conversion, after which the investment becomes
an equity interest. If the security is issued at a premium (i.e., for cash in excess of the face
amount payable on retirement), the creditor-holder may amortize the premium over the life of the
bond. If the security is issued for cash at a price below its face amount, the creditor-holder
must accrue original issue discount in income over the life of the debt. The creditor-holders
exercise of the conversion privilege is treated as a nontaxable event. Mandatorily convertible
debt (e.g., an exchange traded note or ETN issued in the form of an unsecured obligation that pays
a return based on the performance of a specified market index, exchange currency, or commodity) is
often, but not always, treated as a contract to buy or sell the reference property rather than
debt. Similarly, convertible preferred stock with a mandatory conversion feature is ordinarily,
but not always, treated as equity rather than debt. Dividends received generally are qualified
dividend income and eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction. In general,
conversion of preferred stock for common stock of the same corporation is tax-free. Conversion of
preferred stock for cash is a taxable redemption. Any redemption premium for preferred stock that
is redeemable by the issuing company might be required to be amortized under original issue
discount (OID) principles.
Tax Certification and Backup Withholding. Tax certification and backup withholding tax laws
may require that you certify your tax information when you become an investor in the Fund. For
U.S. citizens and
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resident aliens, this certification is made on IRS Form W-9. Under these laws, the Fund must
withhold a portion of your taxable distributions and sales proceeds unless you:
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provide your correct Social Security or taxpayer identification number, |
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certify that this number is correct, |
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certify that you are not subject to backup withholding, and |
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certify that you are a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). |
The Fund also must withhold if the IRS instructs it to do so. When withholding is required,
the amount will be 28% of any distributions or proceeds paid. This rate will expire and the backup
withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012, unless Congress enacts tax
legislation providing otherwise. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts
withheld may be credited against the shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the
appropriate information is furnished to the IRS. Certain payees and payments are exempt from
backup withholding and information reporting.
Non-U.S. investors have special U.S. tax certification requirements. See Foreign
Shareholders Tax certification and backup withholding.
Foreign Shareholders. Shareholders who, as to the United States, are nonresident alien
individuals, foreign trusts or estates, foreign corporations, or foreign partnerships (foreign
shareholder), may be subject to U.S. withholding and estate tax and are subject to special U.S. tax
certification requirements.
Taxation of a foreign shareholder depends on whether the income from the Fund is effectively
connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder.
U.S. withholding tax at the source. If the income from the Fund is not effectively connected
with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder, distributions to such
shareholder will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate) upon
the gross amount of the distribution, subject to certain exemptions including those for dividends
reported by the Fund to shareholders as:
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exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund from its net interest income earned on
municipal securities; |
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capital gain dividends paid by the Fund from its net long-term capital gains (other than
those from disposition of a U.S. real property interest), unless you are a nonresident
alien present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more
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with respect to taxable years of the Fund beginning before January 1, 2012 (unless such
sunset date is extended, possibly retroactively to January 1, 2012, or made permanent),
interest-related dividends paid by the Fund from its qualified net interest income from
U.S. sources and short-term capital gains dividends. After such sunset date, short-term
capital gains are taxable to Non-U.S. investors as ordinary dividends subject to U.S.
withholding tax at a 30% or lower treaty rate. |
However, the Fund does not intend to utilize the exemptions for interest-related dividends
paid and short-term capital gain dividends paid. Moreover, notwithstanding such exemptions from
U.S. withholding at the source, any dividends and distributions of income and capital gains,
including the proceeds from the sale of your Fund shares, will be subject to backup withholding at
a rate of 28% if you fail to properly certify that you are not a U.S. person. This rate will
expire and the backup withholding tax rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012,
unless Congress enacts tax legislation providing otherwise.
Foreign shareholders may be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% on the income
resulting from an election to pass-through foreign tax credits to shareholders, but may not be able
to claim a credit or deduction with respect to the withholding tax for the foreign tax treated as
having been paid by them.
Amounts reported by the Fund to shareholders as capital gain dividends (a) that are
attributable to certain capital gain dividends received from a qualified investment entity (QIE)
(generally defined as either (i) a U.S. REIT
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or (ii) a RIC classified as a U.S. real property
holding corporation or which would be if the exceptions for holding 5% or less of a class of
publicly traded shares or an interest in a domestically controlled QIE did not apply) or (b) that
are realized by the Fund on the sale of a U.S. real property interest (including gain realized on
sale of shares in a QIE other than one that is a domestically controlled), will not be exempt from
U.S. federal income tax and may be subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or lower
treaty rate) if the Fund by reason of having a REIT strategy is classified as a QIE. If the Fund
is so classified, foreign shareholders owning more than 5% of the Funds shares may be treated as
realizing gain from the disposition of a U.S. real property interest, causing Fund distributions to
be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 35%, and requiring the filing of a nonresident U.S.
income tax return. In addition, if the Fund is classified as a QIE, anti-avoidance rules apply to
certain wash sale transactions. Namely, if the Fund is a QIE and a foreign shareholder disposes of
the Funds shares prior to the Fund paying a distribution attributable to the disposition of a U.S.
real property interest and the foreign shareholder later acquires an identical stock interest in a
wash sale transaction, the foreign shareholder may still be required to pay U.S. tax on the Funds
distribution. Also, the sale of shares of the Fund, if classified as a U.S. real property holding
corporation, could also be considered a sale of a U.S. real property interest with any resulting
gain from such sale being subject to U.S. tax as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or
business. These rules generally apply to dividends paid by the Fund before January 1, 2012
(unless such sunset date is extended, possibly retroactively to January 1, 2012, or made
permanent). After such sunset date, Fund distributions from a U.S. REIT (whether or not
domestically controlled) attributable to gain from the disposition of a U.S. real property interest
will continue to be subject to the withholding rules described above provided the Fund is
classified as a QIE.
Income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. If the income from the Fund is
effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder, then
ordinary income dividends, capital gain dividends and any gains realized upon the sale or
redemption of shares of the Fund will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable
to U.S. citizens or domestic corporations and require the filing of a nonresident U.S. income tax
return.
Tax certification and backup withholding. Foreign shareholders may have special U.S. tax
certification requirements to avoid backup withholding (at a rate of 28%, subject to increase to
31% as described above), and if applicable, to obtain the benefit of any income tax treaty between
the foreign shareholders country of residence and the United States. To claim these tax benefits,
the foreign shareholder must provide a properly completed Form W- 8BEN (or other Form W-8, where
applicable, or their substitute forms) to establish his or her status as a non- U.S. investor, to
claim beneficial ownership over the assets in the account, and to claim, if applicable, a reduced
rate of or exemption from withholding tax under the applicable treaty. A Form W-8BEN provided
without a U.S. taxpayer identification number remains in effect for a period of three years
beginning on the date that it is signed and ending on the last day of the third succeeding calendar
year. However, non-U.S. investors must advise the Fund of any changes of circumstances that would
render the information given on the form incorrect, and must then provide a new W-8BEN to avoid the
prospective application of backup withholding. Forms W-8BEN with U.S. taxpayer identification
numbers remain valid indefinitely, or until the investor has a change of circumstances that renders
the form incorrect and necessitates a new form and tax certification. Certain payees and payments
are exempt from backup withholding.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act. Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, the relevant
withholding agent may be required to withhold 30% of: (a) income dividends paid after December 31,
2013 and (b) certain capital gains distributions and the proceeds of a sale of shares paid after
December 31, 2014 to (i) a foreign financial institution unless such foreign financial institution
agrees to verify, report and disclose certain of its U.S. accountholders and meets certain other
specified requirements or (ii) a non-financial foreign entity that is the beneficial owner of the
payment unless such entity certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or provides
the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner and such entity
meets certain other specified requirements. These requirements are different from, and in addition
to, the U.S. tax certification rules described above. The scope of these requirements remains
unclear, and shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of
these requirements to their own situation.
Local Tax Considerations. Rules of state and local taxation of ordinary income, qualified
dividend income and capital gain dividends may differ from the rules for U.S. federal income
taxation described above. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on
each shareholders particular situation.
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Financial Statements and Pro Forma Financial Statements
[To be provided in the pre-effective amendment filing.]
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APPENDIX A
SPECIAL STATE-SPECIFIC INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Special Risk Considerations Regarding California Municipal Securities. Funds that invest in
California municipal securities are susceptible to political, economic, regulatory or other factors
affecting issuers of California municipal securities. The following information constitutes only a
brief summary of a number of the complex factors which may impact issuers of California municipal
securities and does not purport to be a complete or exhaustive description of all adverse
conditions to which issuers of California municipal securities may be subject. Such information is
derived from official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of California municipal
securities, as well as from other publicly available documents. Such information has not been
independently verified by the Funds and the Funds assume no responsibility for the completeness or
accuracy of such information.
The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the economy, budget,
receipts and disbursements of the State that would ordinarily be included in various public
documents, such as an official statement prepared in connection with the issuance of general
obligation bonds of the State. Additionally, many factors, including national, economic, social and
environmental policies and conditions, which are not within the control of such issuers, could have
an adverse impact on the financial condition of such issuers. The creditworthiness of obligations
issued by local California issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued
by the State, and there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payments on such local
obligations. There may be specific factors that are applicable in connection with investment in the
obligations of particular issuers located within California, and it is possible the Fund will
invest in obligations of particular issuers as to which such specific factors are applicable. The
information set forth below is intended only as a general summary and not as a discussion of any
specific factors that may affect any particular issuer of California municipal securities.
Economic condition and outlook. Californias economy, the largest among the 50 states and one
of the largest in the world, has major components in high technology, trade, entertainment,
agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, construction and services. Beginning in the first quarter of
2008 and ending in the second half of 2009, California, as the rest of the nation, experienced the
most significant economic downturn since the Great Depression of the 1930s, marked in California by
high unemployment, steep contraction in housing construction and home values, a drop in statewide
assessed valuation of property for the first time on record, a year-over-year decline in personal
income in the State for the first time in 60 years, and a sharp drop in taxable sales. The
continuing weakness in the State economy has caused State tax revenues to decline precipitously,
resulting in large budget gaps and cash shortfalls. The State is slowly emerging from the
recession, but economic growth is modest and the level of unemployment is still very high.
California is by far the most populous state in the nation, with its April 2010 population
representing over 12 percent of the total United States population.
The unemployment rate in the State reached a high of 12.5 percent in late 2010. The rate
improved thereafter, falling to 11.7 percent in May 2011, but rising to 12.0 percent for July 2011.
The U.S. unemployment rate for July 2011 was 9.1 percent. Personal income increased in the State
for the sixth consecutive quarter in the first quarter of 2011. After falling for six consecutive
quarters, taxable sales grew in the third and fourth quarters of 2009 and continued to improve
through the first quarter of 2011.
Californias housing sector began a meager recovery during 2009 and the early months of 2010.
Existing home sales stabilized around the half-million unit rate and the median sales price rose by
10% in 2010. Unsold inventory trended downward in 2009, as did the number of days needed to sell a
home. However, the housing market indicators worsened during the middle of 2010 after the
expiration of the federal home buyers tax credit. Housing market indicators again appeared to
stabilize during the early months of 2011.
Made-in-California exports grew by 19% in 2010 and 13% during the first half of 2011, led by
strong growth in computer and electronic products, machinery and manufactured commodities.
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Revenues and expenditures. The economic downturn of the last few years adversely affected the
States budget situation. To exacerbate the problem, as California entered the recession, annual
revenues generally were less than annual expenses, resulting in a structural budget deficit.
The States revenue estimates utilized in connection with the 2011 Budget Act assumed slow but
positive economic growth, and the 2011 Budget Act projected that most of Californias major revenue
sources will grow in fiscal 2011-12. The 2011 Budget Act also takes into account the end of
federal stimulus funds which provided $4.2 billion to the State to offset General Fund costs in
fiscal year 2010-11, and the expiration on June 30, 2011 of temporary surcharges on personal income
taxes, sales taxes and vehicle license fees which provided $7.1 billion in the last fiscal year.
The 2011 Budget act closed a projected $26.6 billion budget gap for the two fiscal years 2010-11
and 2011-12 and made substantial progress in addressing the States longterm structural budget
deficit. Despite eliminating a significant portion of the structural deficit in the 2011 Budget
Act, the State continues to face major long-term challenges and must address the remaining
structural budget deficit and the consequences of budget balancing actions taken in the past.
Budget process. The States fiscal year begins on July 1st and ends on June 30th of the
following year. Under the State Constitution, money may be drawn from the Treasury only through an
appropriation made by law. The primary source of the annual expenditure is the annual Budget Act
as approved by the Legislature and signed by the Governor. Appropriations also may be included in
legislation other than the Budget Act.
The Balanced Budget Amendment (Proposition 58) requires the State to enact a balanced
budget, establishes a special reserve in the General Fund, restricts future borrowings to cover
budget deficits, and provides for mid-year budget adjustments in the event that the budget falls
out of balance. The Legislature may not pass a budget bill in which General Fund expenditures
exceed estimated General Fund revenues and fund balances at the time of passage and as set forth in
the budget bill. As a result of the requirements of Proposition 58, the State would, in some
cases, have to take more immediate actions to correct budgetary shortfalls. These restrictions
apply to general obligation bonds, revenue bonds and certain other forms of long-term borrowings,
but do not apply to certain short-term and inter-fund borrowings.
In addition to Proposition 58, a number of other laws and constitutional amendments have been
enacted over the years, often through voter initiatives, which have made it more difficult to raise
State taxes, have restricted the use of State General Fund or special fund revenues, or have
otherwise limited the Legislature and Governors discretion in enacting budgets.
Current State budget. The 2011-12 budget was approved on June 30, 2011. The 2011 Budget Act
was projected to end fiscal year 2011-12 with a $543 million reserve, however, it also included
tiered trigger cuts to take effect if revenues for 2011-12 were forecast to be less than the
amount assumed in the budget package by $1 billion or more.
The California Legislative Analysts Office (LAO), in its November 2011 California Fiscal
Outlook, estimates that 2011-12 will end with a $3 billion General Fund deficit. The outlook
assumes lower projected revenues, the implementation of $2 billion in trigger cuts to various state
programs and the expected inability of the State to achieve about $1.2 billion of other budget
actions.
Obligations of the State of California. The State Treasurer is responsible for the sale of
most debt obligations of the State and its various authorities and agencies. Current State debt
obligations include:
General Obligation Bonds. General obligation bond acts provide that debt service on general
obligation bonds shall be appropriated annually from the General Fund and all debt service on
general obligation bonds is paid from the General Fund. Under the State Constitution, debt service
on general obligation bonds is the second charge to the General Fund after the application of
moneys in the General Fund to the support of the public school system and public institutions of
higher education. As of August 1, 2011, the State had outstanding $71.1 billion aggregate
principal amount of long-term general obligation bonds.
Commercial Paper Notes Program. Voter-approved general obligation indebtedness may, in some
cases, be issued as commercial paper notes. Commercial paper notes may be renewed or refunded by
the issuance of long-
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term bonds. Pursuant to the terms of the bank credit agreement presently in effect, the
general obligation commercial paper program may have up to $1.57 billion in aggregate principal
amount outstanding at any time. The issuance of general obligation bonds on September 28, 2011
provided funds which, together with certain additional funds, have retired all of the $1.29 billion
aggregate principal amount of general obligation commercial paper notes which had been outstanding.
The State plans to terminate its existing bank credit agreement and restructure the commercial
paper notes program.
Lease-Revenue Obligations. The State builds and acquires facilities through the use of lease
revenue borrowing, in addition to general obligation bonds. Under these arrangements, the State
Public Works Board, another State or local agency or a joint powers authority issues bonds to pay
for the construction of facilities, such as office buildings, university buildings or correctional
institutions. These facilities are leased to a State agency, the California State University, the
Judicial Council or the University of California under a long-term lease that provides the source
of payment of the debt service on the lease-purchase bonds. The State had approximately $9.4
billion in lease-revenue obligations outstanding as of August 1, 2011.
Cash Flow Borrowings. As part of its cash management program, the State has regularly issued
short-term obligations to meet cash flow needs. The State has issued revenue anticipation notes
(RANs) in all but one fiscal year since the mid-1980s to partially fund timing differences
between receipts and disbursements. By law, RANs must mature prior to the end of the fiscal year
of issuance. If additional external cash flow borrowings are required, the State has issued
revenue anticipation warrants (RAWs), which can mature in a subsequent fiscal year. RANs and
RAWs are both payable from any Unapplied Money in the General Fund on their maturity date,
subject to the prior application of such money in the General Fund to pay priority payments.
Other issuers of California municipal obligations. There are a number of State agencies,
instrumentalities, and political subdivisions of the State that issue municipal obligations, some
of which may be conduit revenue obligations payable from payments from private borrowers. These
entities are subject to various economic risks and uncertainties, and the credit quality of the
securities issued may vary considerably from the credit quality of the obligations backed by the
full faith and credit of the State. The State of California has no obligation with respect to any
obligations or securities of a county or any of the other participating entities, although under
existing legal precedents, the State may be obligated to ensure that school districts have
sufficient funds to operate. State agencies and authorities had approximately $59 billion
aggregate principal amount of revenue bonds and notes which are non-recourse to the General Fund
outstanding as of June 30, 2011.
Bond ratings. The States general obligation bonds are currently rated A- (with a stable
outlook) by S&P and A1 by Moodys (with a stable outlook) (ratings confirmed as of December 8,
2011). There can be no assurance that such ratings will be maintained in the future. It should be
noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by local California issuers may be unrelated
to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State of California, and that there is no
obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local obligations in the event of
default.
Legal proceedings. The State is a party to numerous legal proceedings, many of which normally
occur in governmental operations. In addition, the State is involved in certain other legal
proceedings (described in the States recent financial statements) that, if decided against the
State might require the State to make significant future expenditures or substantially impair
future revenue sources. Because of the prospective nature of these proceedings, it is not presently
possible to predict the outcome of such litigation, estimate the potential impact on the ability of
the State to pay debt service costs on its obligations, or determine what impact, if any, such
proceedings may have on the Tax-Free California Fund.
Other considerations. Substantially all of California is within an active geologic region
subject to major seismic activity. Northern California, in 1989, and Southern California, in 1994,
experienced major earthquakes causing billions of dollars in damages. The States and any other
municipal issuers outstanding obligations could be affected by an interruption of revenues because
of damaged facilities, or, consequently, income tax deductions for casualty losses or property tax
assessment reductions due to earthquakes. Compensatory financial assistance could be constrained
by the inability of (i) an issuer to have obtained earthquake insurance coverage; (ii) an insurer
to perform on its contracts of insurance in the event of widespread losses; or (iii) the federal or
State government to appropriate sufficient funds within their respective budget limitations.
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The Tax-Free California Fund is susceptible to political, economic or regulatory factors
affecting issuers of California municipal obligations. These include the possible adverse effects
of certain California constitutional amendments, legislative measures, voter initiatives and other
matters. The information provided is only a brief summary of the complex factors affecting the
financial situation in California and is derived from sources that are generally available to
investors and are believed to be accurate. It is based in part on information obtained from
various State and local agencies in California or contained in Official Statements for various
California municipal obligations. No independent verification has been made of the accuracy or
completeness of any of the preceding information.
Special Investment Considerations Regarding Massachusetts Municipal Securities. A Fund that
invests in Massachusetts (referred to herein as the Commonwealth or Massachusetts) municipal
securities are susceptible to political, economic, regulatory or other factors affecting issuers of
Massachusetts municipal securities. The following information constitutes only a brief summary of a
number of the complex factors which may impact issuers of Massachusetts municipal securities and
does not purport to be a complete or exhaustive description of all adverse conditions to which
issuers of Massachusetts municipal securities may be subject. Such information is derived from
official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of Massachusetts municipal securities,
as well as from other publicly available documents. Such information has not been independently
verified by the Fund and the Fund assumes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of
such information.
The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the economy, budget,
receipts and disbursements of the Commonwealth that would ordinarily be included in various public
documents, such as an official statement prepared in connection with the issuance of general
obligation bonds of the Commonwealth. Additionally, many factors, including national, economic,
social and environmental policies and conditions, which are not within the control of such issuers,
could have an adverse impact on the financial condition of such issuers. The creditworthiness of
obligations issued by local Massachusetts issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of
obligations issued by the Commonwealth, and there is no obligation on the part of the Commonwealth
to make payments on such local obligations. There may be specific factors that are applicable in
connection with investment in the obligations of particular issuers located within Massachusetts,
and it is possible the Fund will invest in obligations of particular issuers as to which such
specific factors are applicable. The information set forth below is intended only as a general
summary and not as a discussion of any specific factors that may affect any particular issuer of
Massachusetts municipal securities.
Economic condition and outlook. Massachusetts is a densely populated state with a
well-educated population and comparatively high income levels. The Commonwealths economy remains
diversified, but its strongest component is its knowledge-based technology and service sectors.
The four largest sectors of the economy, real estate and rental and leasing, professional and
technical services, finance and insurance, and health care and social assistance, contributed 47.2%
of the 2010 Massachusetts gross domestic product.
Following significant declines in 2002 and 2003, total non-agricultural employment in the
Commonwealth eventually increased 0.5% in 2005 and continued to increase through 2008. Employment
declined 3.3% in 2009 and grew 0.2% in 2010. Since the beginning of the recession in December 2007
there has been a net loss of approximately 46,000 jobs in Massachusetts. The job losses were not
spread evenly across all sectors. The construction and manufacturing sectors were the hardest hit
with losses of 26.2% and 21.6%, respectively. However, the education and health sector and the
leisure and hospitality sector have seen growth of 7.2% and 8.6%, respectively.
The Commonwealths economy has outperformed the nations economy as a whole during and
following the most recent recession. Home prices in Massachusetts have fallen by less than in the
U.S. as a whole. The Commonwealths unemployment rate rose from 5.2% in July 2008 to a high of
9.5% in February 2011, but has since declined, and in November 2011 was 7.0%. This decline is
greater than in the nation as a whole, where unemployment rose from 5.8% in July 2008 to a high of
10.1% in October 2009, and declined to 8.6% in November 2011.
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Federal government spending contributes significantly to the Massachusetts economy. In fiscal
2010, Massachusetts received almost $82.5 billion, a 1.7% decrease from 2009, and ranked ninth
among the states in per capita distribution of federal funds, with total spending of $12,593 per
person, excluding loans and insurance.
Revenues and expenditures. The Commonwealth collects a variety of taxes and receives revenues
from other non-tax sources, including the federal government and various fees, fines, court
revenues, assessments, reimbursements, interest earnings and transfers from its non-budgeted funds.
Total primary government revenues increased by $2.7 billion in fiscal year 2011 or 5.4% over
fiscal year 2010. Tax revenues increased by $2.0 billion, or 10.7%, primarily as the result of the
growth in individual income tax.
The major components of state tax revenue are the income tax, the sales and use tax, and the
corporations and other business and excise taxes which were projected to account for approximately
55.2%, 24.8%, and 11.3%, respectively, of total tax revenues in fiscal 2011. Dedicated portions of
the Commonwealths sales tax revenues are pledged to provide financial support for the
Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and the Massachusetts School Building Authority.
Municipal revenues consist of taxes on real and personal property, distributions from the
Commonwealth under a variety of programs and formulas, local receipts (including motor vehicle
excise taxes, local options taxes, fines, licenses and permits, charges for utility and other
services and investment income) and appropriations from other available funds (including general
and dedicated reserve funds). Following the enactment in 1980 of the tax limitation initiative
petition commonly known as Proposition 21/2, local governments have become increasingly reliant on
distribution of revenues from the Commonwealth to support local programs and services, although the
amount of aid received varies significantly among municipalities. As a result of comprehensive
education reform legislation enacted in June 1993, a large portion of local aid general revenue
sharing funds is earmarked for public education and distributed through a formula designed to
provide more aid to the Commonwealths poorer communities. There are also several specific local
aid programs, such as public libraries, police education incentives, and property tax abatement for
certain elderly or disabled residents.
Total expenses of the primary government increased by $1.2 billion in fiscal year 2011, or
2.3% over fiscal year 2010. This included a $1.45 billion increase in Medicaid spending and a
decline of $1.05 billion in unemployment insurance compensation expenses.
At the end of fiscal year 2011 the liabilities of the primary government exceeded assets by
almost $18.5 billion, a reduction of $137 million from the fiscal year 2010 deficit.
Fiscal 2011 budgeted fund total revenues and other financing sources exceeded fiscal 2011
budgeted fund total expenditures and other uses by $998 million, and fiscal 2011 ended with a
budgeted fund balance of $1.901 billion. Of that amount, $1.379 billion was reserved in the
Stabilization Fund, $400 million was reserved for continuing appropriations and debt service and
$122 million was undesignated. The Stabilization Fund balance at the end of fiscal 2011 represents
a $709 million increase from the close of fiscal 2010.
Budget process. The House of Representatives generally approves its version of the budget in
late April, and the Senate generally approves its version in late May. The differences are then
reconciled by legislatively conference committee in June, so that a final version can be enacted by
Legislature and sent to the Governor for his approval prior to the start of the new fiscal year on
July 1.
Current Commonwealth budget. Total spending in the final fiscal 2012 budget amounts to
approximately $30.6 billion. The current budget assumes tax revenues of $21.010 billion, enhanced
tax enforcement initiatives (an additional $61.5 million) and the impact of a two-day sales tax
holiday held on August 13-14, 2011 (reduction of $20.6 million).
On November 16, 1991, the Governor approved legislation containing pension reforms, including
increasing the retirement ages, eliminating early retirement subsidies and increasing the period
for average earnings from the highest three years to the highest five years for all new state
employees who join a retirement system on or
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after April 2, 2012. The legislation is expected to generate savings of more than $3 billion
to the Commonwealth and $2 billion for municipalities over the next 30 years.
Obligations of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Commonwealth incorporates the periodic
use of commercial paper borrowing to meet cash flow needs for both capital and operating
expenditures. The Commonwealth periodically makes several cash flow borrowings for operating
purposes. All commercial paper of the Commonwealth issued for operating purposes in a fiscal year
is required by state finance law to be paid not later than June 30 of such year.
The Commonwealth is authorized to issue three types of long-term debt directly general
obligation debt, special obligation debt, and federal grant anticipation notes. General obligation
debt is secured by a pledge of the full faith and credit of the Commonwealth. Special obligation
debt may be secured either with a pledge of receipts credited to the Commonwealth Transportation
Fund or with a pledge of receipts credited to the Convention Center Fund. Federal grant
anticipation notes are secured by a pledge of federal highway construction reimbursements. As of
June 30, 2011, the amount of Commonwealth long-term debt was approximately $20.9 billion,
consisting of approximately $18.5 billion of general obligation debt, $1.6 billion of special
obligation debt, and $767 million of federal grant anticipation notes. Based on the United States
census resident population estimate for Massachusetts for 2011, the per capita amount of such debt
as of the end of fiscal year 2011 was approximately $3,720.
In addition to the long-term liabilities described above, the Commonwealth is also authorized
to pledge its credit in aid of and provide contractual support for certain independent authorities
and political subdivisions within the Commonwealth. These Commonwealth liabilities are classified
as general obligation contract assistance liabilities, budgetary contractual assistance liabilities
or contingent liabilities. General obligation contract assistance liabilities arise from statutory
requirements for payments by the Commonwealth to the Massachusetts Water Pollution Abatement Trust,
the Massachusetts Department of Transportation and the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency
that are used by such entities to pay a portion of the debt service on certain of their outstanding
bonds. Such liabilities constitute a pledge of the Commonwealths credit for which a two-thirds
vote of the Legislature is required. Budgetary contractual assistance liabilities arise from
statutory requirements for payments by the Commonwealth under certain capital leases. Such
liabilities do not constitute a pledge of the Commonwealths credit. Contingent liabilities relate
to debt obligations of independent authorities and agencies of the Commonwealth that are expected
to be paid without Commonwealth assistance, but for which the Commonwealth has some kind of
liability if expected payment sources do not materialize.
Massachusetts statutes limit the Commonwealths ability to issue direct debt. The direct debt
limit for fiscal year 2011 was approximately $18.0 billion. Outstanding debt subject to the limit
at fiscal year end was approximately $16.3 billion. The limit increases by 5% each year. Pursuant
to legislation enacted over the years, certain outstanding Commonwealth debt obligations are not
counted in computing the amount of bonds subject to the limit. The limit for fiscal year 2012 is
approximately $18.9 billion.
Legislation enacted in 1999 also provides that no more than 10% of the appropriations in any
fiscal year may be expended for payment of interest and principal on general obligation debt of the
Commonwealth. Debt service relating to bonds that are excluded from the debt limit on direct debt
is not included in the limit on debt service appropriations.
During the 2009 fiscal year, the Commonwealth announced an administrative policy that sets the
annual borrowing limit at a level designed to keep debt service at a maximum of 8% of budgeted
revenues. The debt management policy also limits future annual growth in the bond cap to not more
than $125 million through fiscal 2012.
Bond ratings. The States general obligation bonds are rated AA+ by S&P and Aa1 by Moodys
(ratings confirmed as of March 1, 2012). There can be no assurance that such ratings will be
maintained in the future. It should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by
local Massachusetts issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the
Commonwealth, and that there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such
local obligations in the event of default.
Legal proceedings. The Commonwealth is a defendant in numerous legal proceedings pertaining
to matters
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incidental to the performance of routine governmental operations. Such litigation includes,
but is not limited to, claims asserted against the Commonwealth arising from alleged torts, alleged
breaches of contracts, condemnation proceedings and other alleged violations of law. For those
cases in which it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the amount of potential judgment can
be reasonably be estimated or a settlement or judgment has been reached but not paid, the Attorney
General estimates fiscal year 2012 liability at $20 million.
Other considerations. The Fund is susceptible to political, economic or regulatory factors
affecting issuers of Massachusetts municipal obligations. The information provided is only a brief
summary of the complex factors affecting the financial situation in Massachusetts and is derived
from sources that are generally available to investors and are believed to be accurate. It is
based in part on information obtained from various State agencies in Massachusetts or contained in
Official Statements for various Massachusetts municipal obligations. No independent verification
has been made of the accuracy or completeness of any of the preceding information.
Special Investment Considerations Regarding New Jersey Municipal Securities. A Fund that
invests in New Jersey (referred to herein as the State or New Jersey) municipal securities is
susceptible to political, economic, regulatory or other factors affecting issuers of New Jersey
municipal securities. The following information constitutes only a brief summary of a number of
the complex factors which may impact issuers of New Jersey municipal securities and does not
purport to be a complete or exhaustive description of all adverse conditions to which issuers of
New Jersey municipal securities may be subject. Such information is derived from official
statements utilized in connection with the issuance of New Jersey municipal securities, as well as
from other publicly available documents. Such information has not been independently verified by
the Fund and the Fund assumes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of such
information.
The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the economy, budget,
receipts and disbursements of the State that would ordinarily be included in various public
documents, such as an official statement prepared in connection with the issuance of general
obligation bonds of the State. Additionally, many factors, including national, economic, social
and environmental policies and conditions, which are not within the control of such issuers, could
have an adverse impact on the financial condition of such issuers. The creditworthiness of
obligations issued by local New Jersey issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of
obligations issued by the State, and there is no obligation on the part of the State to make
payments on such local obligations. There may be specific factors that are applicable in connection
with investment in the obligations of particular issuers located within New Jersey, and it is
possible the Fund will invest in obligations of particular issuers as to which such specific
factors are applicable. The information set forth below is intended only as a general summary and
not as a discussion of any specific factors that may affect any particular issuer of New Jersey
municipal securities.
Economic condition and outlook. New Jersey is the eleventh largest state in population and
the fifth smallest in land area. According to the United States Bureau of the Census, the
population of New Jersey was 8,414,350 in 2000 and 8,791,894 in 2010. With an average of 1,196
persons per square mile, it is the most densely populated of all the states. Centrally located in
the Northeast, New Jersey is near many major cities such as New York, Boston, Washington D.C., and
Philadelphia. The States favorable location is bolstered by an extensive highway system, as well
as other major land, air, and water transportation systems and facilities. The Port of
Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal is the East Coasts largest seaport and handles about one-third of
the nations ocean going trade. Various commercial and industrial businesses have headquarters or
regional offices within New Jerseys borders, including substantial construction, pharmaceutical,
manufacturing, chemical, financial and service industries. Since 1978, casino gambling in Atlantic
City has been an important State tourist attraction.
New Jersey has a diversified economic base, consisting of a variety of manufacturing,
constructions and service industries, supplemented by rural areas with selective commercial
agriculture. The construction, manufacturing and mining sectors experienced the largest job losses
over the recession. Since the beginning of 2010, the greatest employment increases have been in
the other services, education and health services, and professional and business services sectors.
Layoffs of government employees due to the States persistent budget issues and the re-entry of
formerly discouraged jobseekers into the job market have contributed to the States high
unemployment which still exceeded the national average by .7% as of January 2012.
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The States economic indicators (not seasonally adjusted), showed that total private dwelling
units authorized by building permits in January 2012, were 950, up from 922 the prior year, the
unemployment rate for January, 2012 was 9.0%, which is down from 9.4% the prior year and non-farm
payroll employment in January, 2012 was approximately 3,807,300, up from approximately 3,756,300
the prior year. Real per capital personal income in New Jersey was approximately $45,233 in the
third quarter of 2011, up from $45, 232 in the third quarter of 2009. New Jersey unemployment
still exceeds the national average as of January 2012 by .7%.
Revenues and expenditures. The primary governments assets and deferred outflows for fiscal
year 2011 total $36.9 billion, an increase of $925.5 million from the prior fiscal year. As of
June 30, 2011, liabilities exceed assets and deferred outflows by $34.2 billion. The States
unrestricted net assets, which represent net assets that have no statutory commitments and are
available for discretionary use, totaled a negative $45.1 billion. The negative balance was
primarily a result of under funding the annual pension costs to the States retirement system and
the States recognition of other postemployment benefits. Financing activities that have
contributed to the State s negative unrestricted net asst amount include liabilities from pension
bonds, the funding of a portion of local elementary and high school construction, and the
securitization of a major portion of annual tobacco master settlement agreement receipts, with no
corresponding assets.
The economic slowdown caused a falloff in State revenues. During fiscal 2011 the State
implemented tax increases, expenditure reductions (including layoffs of State employees),
expenditure deferrals, and draw-downs of reserves, as well as using federal stimulus money. The
State and its political subdivisions also face increasing financial pressure from costs relating to
pensions and other post-employment benefits for government employees.
Budget process. The State Constitution has a balanced budget measure which provides that no
money shall be drawn from the State Treasury but for appropriations made by law and that no law
appropriating money for any state purpose shall be enacted if the appropriations contained therein,
together with all prior appropriations made for the same fiscal period, shall exceed the total
amount of revenue on hand and anticipated to be available to meet such appropriations during such
fiscal period, as certified by the Governor.
In addition, the State Constitution has a debt limitation clause which provides that the State
Legislature shall not, in any manner, create in any fiscal year a debt or liability of the State,
which, together with any previous debts or liabilities, shall exceed at any time 1% of the total
amount appropriated by the general appropriation law for such year, unless the same shall be
authorized by a law for some single object or work distinctly specified therein, or shall have been
approved by the voters. The debt limitation clause was amended in 2008 and currently prohibits the
State Legislature from enacting any law that creates or authorizes the creation of a debt or
liability of an autonomous State corporate entity, which debt or liability has a pledge of an
annual appropriation as the means to pay the principal of and interest on such debt or liability,
unless approved by the voters.
Current State budget. Total budgeted revenues for fiscal 2012 are $29.6 billion, which is
approximately 4% above fiscal 2011 levels. Total budgeted appropriations for fiscal 2012 are $29.7
billion, which is approximately 1.2% above fiscal 2011 levels.
Obligations of the State of New Jersey. For the year ended June 20, 2011, New Jerseys
long-term debt obligations increased 12.3%, to $65.1 billion, which includes a net increase in
bonded debt of $7.1 billion. During the fiscal year, the State issued $4.9 billion in bonds. New
money issuances represented $1.6 billion, primarily for transportation and education system
improvements, while $3.3 billion represented five refunding transactions that provided the State
with $30.9 million in net present value savings. During fiscal year 2011, the State paid $2.4
billion in debt service on its long-term obligations.
Non-bonded portions of the States long-term debt total $27.0 billion. This amount represents
a $6.0 billion increase from the prior fiscal year and is mainly attributable to increases in net
pension obligations as well as the States other postemployment benefits obligations.
New Jerseys debt burden has increased substantially in the past decade and is high by any
number of measurements, which may reduce financial flexibility in the future. New Jersey now has
the fourth highest per capita debt burden among the states.
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Bond ratings. Bond ratings. The States general obligation bonds are rated AA- by S&P and
Aa3 by Moodys (ratings confirmed as of March 1, 2012. There can be no assurance that such ratings
will be maintained in the future. It should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations
issued by local New Jersey issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued
by the State of New Jersey, and that there is no obligation on the part of the State to make
payment on such local obligations in the event of default.
Other issuers of New Jersey municipal obligations. The New Jersey Local Bond Law (N.J.S.A.
Section 40A:2-1 et seq.) (Local Bond Law) governs the issuance of bonds and notes by local units
(including counties). The statute provides that (i) the power and obligation of a local unit to
pay any and all bonds and notes issued by it pursuant to the Local Bond Law shall be unlimited,
(ii) the county or municipality shall levy ad valorem taxes upon all taxable property therein for
the payment of the principal of and interest on such bonds and notes, without limitation as to rate
or amount, (iii) no local unit shall authorize obligations for any improvement or purpose having a
period of usefulness of less than five years, and (iv) after issuance, all obligations shall be
conclusively presumed to be fully authorized and issued under all of the laws of the State, and any
person shall be estopped from questioning their sale, execution or delivery by the local unit.
No bond ordinance will be finally adopted if it appears from the supplemental debt statement
required by the Local Bond Law that the percentage of net debt as stated therein exceeds 2%, in the
case of a county, or 3 1/2%, in the case of a municipality. The Local Bond Law sets forth certain
exceptions to the foregoing debt limitation.
A local government may seek a waiver from the Local Finance Board from the debt limitation for
a bond ordinance authorizing obligations solely for the exceptions set forth in the Local Bond Law.
Approval of bond and note financing in excess of the debt limit in certain instances require the
applicant to justify and demonstrate the existence of extraordinary conditions. The Local Finance
Board is a functional area within the Division of Local Government Services. It is statutorily
responsible for promulgating rules and regulations on the fiscal obligations, fiscal reporting and
overseeing the fiscal condition of all New Jersey municipalities, counties, local authorities and
special districts.
In 2010, New Jersey enacted a property tax cap that placed a 2% limit on annual property-tax
increases, which may put additional financial pressure local governments. Costs associated with
debt service are not subject to the property tax cap.
Legal proceedings. The State is a party to numerous legal proceedings, many of which normally
occur in governmental operations. In addition, the State is involved in certain other legal
proceedings (described in the States recent financial statements) that, if decided against the
State might require the State to make significant future expenditures or substantially impair
future revenue sources. Because of the prospective nature of these proceedings, it is not presently
possible to predict the outcome of such litigation, estimate the potential impact on the ability of
the State to pay debt service costs on its obligations, or determine what impact, if any, such
proceedings may have on the Fund.
Other considerations. The Fund is susceptible to political, economic or regulatory factors
affecting issuers of New Jersey municipal obligations. The information provided is only a brief
summary of the complex factors affecting the financial situation in New Jersey and is derived from
sources that are generally available to investors and are believed to be accurate. It is based in
part on information obtained from various State agencies in New Jersey or contained in Official
Statements for various New Jersey municipal obligations. No independent verification has been made
of the accuracy or completeness of any of the preceding information.
Special Investment Considerations Regarding New York Municipal Securities. Funds that invest
in New York municipal securities are susceptible to political, economic, regulatory or other
factors affecting issuers of New York municipal securities. The following information constitutes
only a brief summary of a number of the complex factors which may impact issuers of New York
municipal securities and does not purport to be a complete or exhaustive description of all adverse
conditions to which issuers of New York municipal securities may be subject. Such information is
derived from official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of New York municipal
securities, as well as from other publicly available documents. Such information has not been
independently verified by the Funds, and the Funds assume no responsibility for the completeness or
accuracy of such information.
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The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the budget, receipts
and disbursements of the State of New York (New York or the State) that would ordinarily be
included in various public documents issued thereby, such as an official statement prepared in
connection with the issuance of general obligation bonds of the State. Such an official statement,
together with any updates or supplements thereto, may generally be obtained upon request to the
Division of Budget of the State of New York (DOB) of the State. There may be specific factors
that are applicable in connection with investment in the obligations of particular issuers located
within New York, and it is possible a Fund will invest in obligations of particular issuers as to
which such specific factors are applicable. However, the information set forth below is intended
only as a general summary and not as a discussion of any specific factors that may affect any
particular issuer of New York municipal securities.
Economic condition and outlook. New York is the third most populous state in the nation and
has a relatively high level of personal wealth. The States economy is diverse, with a
comparatively large share of the nations financial activities, information, education, and health
services employment, and a very small share of the nations farming and mining activity. The
States location and its air transport facilities and natural harbors have made it an important
link in international commerce. Travel and tourism constitute an important part of the economy.
During 2010, economic conditions began to improve for both the nation and New York State.
Private sector employment slowly started to increase, although gains were partially offset by
rising job losses in government. While the State as a whole outperformed the nation, the recovery
in the State was still slow by historical standards, and not all regions of the State benefitted
equally. At the beginning of 2011, the recovery continued to be weak, with consumers buffeted by
rising energy prices and renewed declines in home values.
Although job growth resumed in 2010, unemployment rates remain high. During the recession,
the unemployment rate more than doubled for the nation (rising from 4.4% in May 2007 to 10.1% in
October 2009) and for New York State (rising from 4.3% in March 2007 to 8.9% in September 2009).
By December 2010 the rate had only eased to 9.4% for the nation and 8.2% for New York.
Personal income rebounded in 2010 following declines in 2009. Nationally, personal income
increased by 3%, while New Yorks gain of 4.1% was the second-highest growth rate among all the
states. Wages, the largest component of personal income, increased in New York in 2010 after
falling by 7.2% in 2009. The rebound in personal income and wages reflects Wall Streets continued
recovery from the financial crisis. During 2010, the broker/dealer operations of New York Stock
Exchange member firms earned $27.6 billion, second only to the record profits of $61.4 billion
earned in 2009 (during the previous two years, the industry had combined losses of $53.8 billion).
The rapid return to profitability was driven by government bailouts, the Federal Reserves low
interest rate polices and other government actions.
Although the securities industry accounted for less than 3% of all jobs in the State it
comprised 12.5% of all wages in 2010 and accounted for more than one-third of the statewide
increase in total wages in 2010.
General government results. An operating surplus of $1.5 billion is reported in the New York
State General Fund for fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. This results in an accumulated General
Fund deficit of $2 billion. The State completed its fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, with a
combined Governmental Funds operating surplus of $1.9 billion as compared to a combined
Governmental Funds operating surplus for the preceding fiscal year of $123 million. The combined
operating surplus of $1.9 billion included an operating surplus in the General Fund of $1.5 billion
as well as in the Federal Special Reserve Fund of $2 million, in the General Debt Service Fund of
$276 million and in the Other Governmental Funds of $94 million.
The States financial position as shown in its Governmental Funds Balance Sheet as of March
31, 2011, includes a fund balance of $5.8 billion comprised of $34 billion of assets available to
liquidate liabilities of $28.2 billion. The Governmental Funds fund balance includes a $2 billion
accumulated deficit in the General Fund.
Budget process. New Yorks budget process begins with the Governors submission of the
Executive Budget to the Legislature each January, in preparation for the start of the fiscal year
on April 1. New Yorks Constitution requires the Governor to submit an Executive Budget that is
balanced on a cash basis in the General Fund the Fund that receives the majority of State taxes,
and all income not earmarked for a particular program or
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activity. In acting on the bills submitted by the Governor, the Legislature has certain
powers to alter the recommended appropriations and proposed changes to existing law. Once the
appropriation bills and other bills become law, the Division of Budget of the State of New York
(DOB) revises the State Financial Plan to reflect the Legislatures actions, and begins the
process of implementing the budget.
State budgetary outlook. The DOB currently projects that the State will end the 2011-12
fiscal year with a General Fund balance of $1.7 billion, which consists of $1.0 billion in the Tax
Stabilization Reserve, $275 million in the Rainy Day Reserve, $275 million in the Contingency
Reserve Fund, and $13 million in undesignated fund balance. The estimated closing balance reflects
the assumption that the estimated current year shortfall of $350 million is closed through
administrative or legislative actions or both..
General Fund disbursements, including transfers to other funds, are expected to total $56.8
billion in 2011-12, an increase of $1.4 billion (2.4%) over preliminary 2010-11 results. General
Fund spending is projected to grow at an average annual rate of 12.8% from 2010-11 through 2013-14.
State Operating Funds disbursements for 2011-12 are estimated to total $86.9 billion, and
increase of $2.4 billion (2.9%) over preliminary 2010-11 results. For both the General Fund and
State Operating Funds, spending growth is driven by Medicaid, education, pension costs, employee
and retiree health benefits, social services programs and debt service.
In the most recent State annual report, it was noted that the enacted 2011-12 budget made
significant progress in addressing the States structural deficit primarily through spending
reductions and without relying heavily on non-recurring or temporary revenue. The State also needs
to do a better job of monitoring its debt levels. Debt service is one of the fastest growing
categories of the budget and much of this debt has been issued by public authorities without voter
approval.
The budget gap for 2012-13, which the Governor must address in his Executive Budget due on
February 1, 2012, is now projected at $3.25 billion. In the General Fund, the projected budget
gaps total approximately $3.25 billion in 2012-13, $3.3 billion in 2013-14 and $4.8 billion in
2013-14.
Debt and other financing activities. The State has obtained long-term financing in the form
of voter-approved general obligation debt (voter-approved debt) and other obligations that are
authorized by legislation but not approved by the voters (non-voterapproved debt), including
lease-purchase contractual obligations where the States legal obligation to make payments is
subject to and paid from annual appropriations made by the Legislature or from assignment of
revenue in the case of Tobacco Settlement Revenue Bonds. The indebtedness of the State may be
classified as State-supported debt and State-related debt.
State-supported debt. State-supported debt includes general obligation debt, to which the
full faith and credit of the State has been pledged, and lease-purchase and contractual obligations
of public authorities and municipalities, where the States legal obligation to make payments to
those public authorities and municipalities is subject to and paid from annual appropriations made
by the Legislature. These include the State Personal Income Tax (PIT) Revenue Bond Program and
the New York Local Government Assistance Program bonds.
The Debt Reform Act of 2000 (the Act) imposes statutory limitations which restrict the
issuance of State-supported debt to capital purposes only and establishes a maximum term of 30
years for such debt. The Act also imposed phased-in caps that ultimately limit the amount of new
State-supported debt (issued on or after April 1, 2000) to 4% of State personal income, and new
State-supported debt service (on debt issued on and after April 1, 2000) to 5% of total
governmental funds receipts. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, the cumulative debt
outstanding and debt service caps were 4.00% and 4.32%, respectively. The Act does not apply to
debt which is not considered State-supported and therefore does not encompass State-guaranteed
debt, moral obligation debt, and contingent-contractual obligations financing such as the bonds
issued by the Tobacco Settlement Financing Corporation.
General obligation debt. General obligation debt is debt to which the full faith and credit
of the State has been pledged. Under New Yorks Constitution, the State may not, with limited
exceptions for emergencies, undertake long-term general obligation borrowing (i.e., borrowing for
more than one year) unless the borrowing is authorized in a specific amount for a single work or
purpose by the Legislature and approved by the voters. Under the State Constitution, the State may
undertake short-term general obligation borrowings without voter approval (i)
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in anticipation of the receipt of taxes and revenues, by issuing general obligation tax and
revenue anticipation notes, and (ii) in anticipation of the receipt of proceeds from the sale of
duly authorized but unissued general obligation bonds, by issuing bond anticipation notes. General
obligation debt is currently authorized for transportation, environment and housing purposes. The
State had $3.625 billion in general obligation bonds outstanding at 2011 fiscal year-end. During
the year the State issued $500 million in general obligation bonds. The total amount of general
obligation bonded debt authorized but not yet issued at 20102011 year-end was $1.7 billion. At
March 31, 2011 the State had $56.1 billion in bonds, notes and other financing agreements
outstanding compared with $55.3 billion last year, an increase of $842 million. New York has never
defaulted on any of its general obligation debt.
State-supported lease-purchase and contractual-obligation financings. Prior to the
commencement of the State PIT Revenue issuances in 2002, public authorities or municipalities
issued other long-term, lease-purchase and contractual-obligation debt. This type of debt, where
debt service is payable from monies received from the State and is subject to annual State
appropriation, not general obligations of the State. Under this financing structure bonds were
issued to finance various capital programs, including those which finance the States highway and
bridge projects, State University of New York and City University of New York educational
facilities, health and mental hygiene facilities, prison construction and rehabilitation, economic
development projects, State buildings and housing programs, and equipment acquisitions. Debt
service payable to certain public authorities from State appropriations for such lease-purchase and
contractual obligation financings may be paid from general resources of the State or from dedicated
tax and other sources (i.e., State personal income taxes, motor vehicle and motor fuel
related-taxes, dormitory facility rentals, and patient charges). Although these financing
arrangements involve a contractual agreement by the State to make payments to a public authority,
municipality or other entity, the States obligation to make such payments is expressly made
subject to appropriation by the Legislature and the actual availability of money to the State for
making the payments. New York has never defaulted on any of its obligations under lease purchase
or contractual obligation financing arrangements. As of March 31, 2011, the State had long-term
debt obligations of $40.4 billion under lease/purchase and other financing arrangements (nonvoter
approved), a decrease from $40.7 billion for fiscal 2010.
State-related debt. State-related debt is a broader measure of State debt that includes the
State-supported debt referenced above, as well as State-guaranteed debt (to which the full faith
and credit of the State has been pledged), moral obligation financings and certain
contingent-contractual obligation financings.
Contingent contractual-obligation financing. New York may also enter into statutorily
authorized contingent contractual-obligation via a service contracts obligating it to pay debt
service on bonds, subject to annual appropriation, in the event there are shortfalls in revenues
from other non-State resources pledged, or otherwise available, to pay the debt service on the
bonds. New York has never been required to make any payments under this financing arrangement, but
the bankruptcy of certain hospitals in the secured hospitals program may require the State to make
payments in the future.
Moral obligation financings. Moral obligation financing generally involves the issuance of
debt by a public authority to finance a revenue-producing project or other activity. The debt is
secured by project revenues and includes statutory provisions requiring the State, subject to
appropriation by the Legislature, to make up any deficiencies which may occur in the issuers debt
service reserve fund. There has never been a payment default on any moral obligation debt of any
public authority. The DOB does not expect the State to increase statutory authorizations for moral
obligation bond programs. The State has not been called upon to make any payments pursuant to any
moral obligations since the 1986-87 fiscal year and no such requirements are anticipated during the
2011-12 fiscal year.
State-guaranteed financings. Pursuant to specific constitutional authorization, New York may
also directly guarantee certain public authority obligations. Payments of debt service on
State-guaranteed bonds and notes are legally enforceable obligations of the State. The only
current authorization provides for the State guarantee of the repayment of certain borrowings for
designated projects of the New York State Job Development Authority. The State has never been
called upon to make any direct payments pursuant to any such guarantees and does not anticipate
that it will be called upon to make any payments pursuant to the State guarantee in the 2011-12
fiscal year.
Public authorities. Public authorities refer to certain public benefit corporations, created
pursuant to State
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law. Public authorities are not subject to the constitutional restrictions on the incurrence
of debt that apply to the State itself and may issue bonds and notes within the amounts and
restrictions set forth in legislative authorization. The States access to the public credit
markets could be impaired and the market price of its outstanding debt may be materially and
adversely affected if any of its public authorities were to default on their respective
obligations, particularly those using State-supported or State-related debt. As of December 31,
2010, there were 17 public authorities that had outstanding debt of $100 million or more, and the
aggregate outstanding debt, including refunding bonds, of these State public authorities was
approximately $161 billion, only a portion of which constitutes State-supported or State-related
debt.
New York City (the City). The fiscal demands on New York may be affected by the fiscal
condition of the City, which relies in part on State aid to balance its budget and meet its cash
requirements. It is also possible that the States finances may be affected by the ability of the
City, and certain entities issuing debt for the benefit of the City, to market securities
successfully in the public credit markets.
Other Localities. Certain localities outside the City have experienced financial problems and
have requested and received additional State assistance during the last several State fiscal years.
Between 2004 and July 2010, the New York Legislature authorized 21 bond issuances to finance local
government operating deficits. Like the State, local governments must respond to changing
political, economic and financial influences over which they have little or no control. Such
changes may adversely affect the financial condition of certain local governments. For example,
the State or federal government may reduce (or in some cases eliminate) funding of some local
programs or disallow certain claims which, in turn, may require local governments to fund these
expenditures from their own resources. It is also possible that localities or local public
authorities may suffer serious financial difficulties that could jeopardize local access to the
public credit markets, which may adversely affect the marketability of notes and bonds issued by
localities within the State. Localities may also face unanticipated problems resulting from
certain pending litigation, judicial decisions and long-range economic trends. Other large-scale
potential problems, such as declining urban populations, increasing expenditures, and the loss of
skilled manufacturing jobs, may also adversely affect localities and necessitate State assistance.
Bond ratings. The States general obligation bonds are rated AA (with a stable outlook) by
S&P and Aa2 (with a stable outlook) by Moodys (ratings confirmed as of December 12, 2011 and
December 8, 2011, respectively). There can be no assurance that such ratings will be maintained in
the future. It should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by local New York
issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State of New York,
and that there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local obligations
in the event of default.
Risk management. New York State does not insure its buildings or their contents against
theft, fire or other risks and does not insure its automobiles against the possibility of bodily
injury and property damages. The State does, however, have fidelity insurance on State employees.
Workers compensation coverage is provided on a self-insurance basis.
Legal proceedings. The State is a defendant in numerous legal proceedings pertaining to
matters incidental to the performance of routine governmental operations. Such litigation
includes, but is not limited to, claims asserted against the State arising from alleged torts,
alleged breaches of contracts, condemnation proceedings and other alleged violations of State and
federal laws.
Included in the States outstanding litigation are a number of cases challenging the legality
or the adequacy of a variety of significant social welfare programs primarily involving the States
Medicaid and mental health programs. Adverse judgments in these matters generally could result in
injunctive relief coupled with prospective changes in patient care that could require substantial
increased financing of the litigated programs in the future.
With respect to pending and threatened litigation, the State has reported liabilities of $538
million for awarded and anticipated unfavorable judgments. In addition, the State is party to
other claims and litigation that its legal counsel has advised may result in possible adverse court
decisions with estimated potential losses of approximately $379 million.
Other considerations. The Tax-Free New York Fund is susceptible to political, economic or
regulatory
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factors affecting issuers of New York municipal obligations. The information provided is only
a brief summary of the complex factors affecting the financial situation in New York and is derived
from sources that are generally available to investors and are believed to be accurate. It is
based in part on information obtained from various State agencies in New York or contained in
Official Statements for various New York municipal obligations. No independent verification has
been made of the accuracy or completeness of any of the preceding information.
Special Investment Considerations Regarding Ohio Municipal Securities. A Fund that invests in
Ohio (referred to herein as the State or New Jersey) municipal securities is susceptible to
political, economic, regulatory or other factors affecting issuers of Ohio municipal securities.
The following information constitutes only a brief summary of a number of the complex factors which
may impact issuers of Ohio municipal securities and does not purport to be a complete or exhaustive
description of all adverse conditions to which issuers of Ohio municipal securities may be subject.
Such information is derived from official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of
Ohio municipal securities, as well as from other publicly available documents. Such information
has not been independently verified by the Fund and the Fund assumes no responsibility for the
completeness or accuracy of such information.
The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the economy, budget,
receipts and disbursements of the State that would ordinarily be included in various public
documents, such as an official statement prepared in connection with the issuance of general
obligation bonds of the State. Additionally, many factors, including national, economic, social
and environmental policies and conditions, which are not within the control of such issuers, could
have an adverse impact on the financial condition of such issuers. The creditworthiness of
obligations issued by local Ohio issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations
issued by the State, and there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payments on such
local obligations. There may be specific factors that are applicable in connection with investment
in the obligations of particular issuers located within Ohio, and it is possible the Fund will
invest in obligations of particular issuers as to which such specific factors are applicable. The
information set forth below is intended only as a general summary and not as a discussion of any
specific factors that may affect any particular issuer of Ohio municipal securities.
Economic condition and outlook. Although manufacturing (including auto-related manufacturing)
in Ohio remains an integral part of the States economy, the greatest growth in recent years has
been in the non-manufacturing sectors. In 2009, Ohios economic output as measured by gross state
product totaled $462.0 billion, 3.30% of the national gross product and eighth largest among the
states. Ohio ranks fifth within the manufacturing sector as a whole ($73.2 billion) and third in
durable goods ($42.0 billion). Ohio is the seventh largest exporting state with 2009 merchandise
exports totaling $34.1 billion.
The States overall unemployment rate is commonly somewhat higher than the national figure.
For example, the reported average monthly State unemployment rates for 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010
were 5.6%, 6.6%, 10.2%, and 10.1%, respectively, compared to national rates of 4.6%, 5.8%, 9.3%,
and 9.6% , respectively. In 2011 the States monthly rates fluctuated above and below the national
rates, and in December 2011, the State unemployment rate was 8.1% compared to the national rate of
8.5%.
Payroll employment in Ohio increased in 2004 through 2006 and decreased in 2007 through 2010.
Employment is shifting toward the service industry, with manufacturing employment decreasing. The
non-manufacturing sector employs approximately 88% of all non-farm payroll workers in the State.
While diversifying more into the service and other non-manufacturing areas, the Ohio economy
continues to rely in part on durable goods manufacturing largely concentrated in motor vehicles and
machinery, including electrical machinery. As a result, general economic activity, as in many
other industrially developed states, tends to be more cyclical than in some other states and in the
nation as a whole. Agriculture is an important segment of the economy, with over half the States
area devoted to farming and a significant portion of total employment in agribusiness.
Ohio is the seventh most populous state. The Census count for 2010 was 11,536,504, up from
11,353,140 in 2000.
Revenues and expenditures. Most State operations are financed through the General Revenue
Fund (GRF). Personal income and sales-use taxes are the major sources of GRF tax revenue.
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The Ohio Office of Budget and Management (OBM) continually monitors and analyzes revenues
and expenditures developments (including pending litigation) affecting both, and prepares a
financial report summarizing its analysis at the end of each month.
The 2010-11 biennial appropriations Act (the 2010-11 Act) was approved on July 17, 2009.
All necessary debt service and lease-rental payments related to State obligations for the entire
2010-11 biennium were fully appropriated for the three week interim period and under the final
2010-11 Act. Reflecting the final implementation of the restructuring of State taxes commenced in
2006-07 and a conservative underlying economic forecast, the 2010-11 Act provided for total GRF
biennial appropriations of approximately $50.5 billion (a 3.8% decrease from the 2008-09 biennial
expenditures) and total GRF biennial revenues of approximately $51.1 billion (a 4.2% decrease from
the 2008-09 biennial revenues). Appropriations for major program categories compared to 2008-09
actual spending reflected increases of 3.4% for Medicaid (excluding American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) funding) and 0.7% for corrections and youth services; and
decreases of 13.8% for mental health and development disabilities, 8.3% for higher education, and
5.15% for elementary and secondary education. The 2010-11 Act also included the restructuring of
$736 million of fiscal years 2010 and 2011 GRF fund debt service into fiscal years 2012 through
2025.
During fiscal year 2011, net assets of the States primary government increased by $2.6
billion and ended fiscal year 2011 with a balance of $22.8 billion. Net assets of the States
component units increased by $1.4 billion and ended fiscal year 2011 with a balance of $13.8
billion.
As of June 30, 2011, the General Funds fund balance was approximately $2.2 billion. The
General Funds fund balance increased by $606.9 million (exclusive of a $3.8 million increase in
inventories) or 37.6% during fiscal year 2011. The General Fund includes the States GRF as well
as other funds, such as the budget stabilization fund and certain reimbursement-supported funds
used for activities administered by State agencies and departments.
Budget process. Consistent with the Ohio Constitution provision that no State appropriation
may be made for a period longer than two years, the State operates on the basis of a fiscal
biennium for its appropriations and expenditures, and is effectively precluded by law from ending
its July 1 to June 30 fiscal year or fiscal biennium in a deficit position. Most State operations
are financed through the GRF, for which the personal income and sales use taxes are the major
sources.
Current State budget. The 2012-13 biennial appropriations Act (the 2012-13 Act) was
approved on June 30, 2011. To address the use of non-recurring funding sources in the 2010-11
biennium including amounts received under ARRA, the 2012-13 Act includes targeted spending cuts
across most State agencies and major new Medicaid reform and cost containment measures. Reflecting
tax law changes and a conservative underlying economic forecast, the 2012-13 Act provides for total
GRF biennial appropriations of approximately $55.78 billion (an 11% increase from 2010-11 GRF
biennial expenditures) and total GRF biennial estimated revenues of approximately $56.07 billion (a
6% increase from 2010-11 GRF revenues). GRF appropriations include a 30% increase for Medicaid
(due in part to the absence of ARRA funding in the current biennium) and 3% for elementary an
secondary educations; decreases of 9% for higher education and 8% for mental health and
developmental disabilities; and flat funding for corrections and youth services. The 2012-13 Act
also reflects the restructuring of $440 million of fiscal year 2012 general revenue fund debt
service into fiscal years 2013 through 2025.
Major new sources of revenues or expenditure savings reflected in the 2012-13 Act include:
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Transfer of the States liquor sales system to JobsOhio, a nonprofit
corporation created to promote economic development, job creation and
retention, job training and the recruitment of business to the State. In
consideration of this transfer, the 2012-13 Act reflects that the State
anticipates receiving a $500 million one-time payment from JobsOhio in fiscal
year 2012. With that transfer, the State will forgo annual deposits to the GRF
from net liquor profits (those deposits totaled $153.0 million in fiscal year
2011). In 2011, a complaint was filed claiming the law authorizing the
creation of JobsOhio, as amended by the 2012-13 Act, is an improper special act
conferring corporate powers and that the State may not lend its aid and credit
to JobsOhio. The |
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court granted the States motions to dismiss the complaint based on lack of
standing. On December 23, 2011, plaintiffs appealed the trial courts
ruling and the parties are awaiting a decision from the Court of Appeals. |
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Sale of a State-owned prison facility to private operators. |
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Reducing local government fund allocations by $111 million in fiscal year
2012 and $340 million in fiscal year 2013. |
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Reducing public library fund allocations resulting in expenditure reductions
of $52.3 million in fiscal year 2012 and $102.8 million in fiscal year 2013. |
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Accelerated phase-out of reimbursement payments to local governments and
school districts in connection with the elimination of the tangible personal
property tax resulting in an increased share of the Commercial Activity Tax
being deposited into the GRF (estimated at $293.5 million in fiscal year 2012
and $597.7 million in fiscal year 2013). |
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Accelerated phase-out of reimbursement payments to local governments and
school districts for electric power generation deregulation and the entire
natural gas deregulation resulting in a larger share of the kilowatt-hour tax
and natural gas consumption tax being relocated to the GRF (estimated at $141.6
million in fiscal year 2012 and $147.4 million in fiscal year 2013). |
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$235 million from transfers to the GRF of unclaimed funds and from other
non-GRF funds and $12 million from a tax amnesty program. |
Obligations of the State of Ohio. The incurrence or assumption of debt by the State without a
popular vote is, with limited exceptions, prohibited by the State Constitution. The State may
incur debt to cover casual deficits or to address failures in revenues or to meet expenses not
otherwise provided for, but limited in amount to $750,000. The Constitution expressly precludes
the State from assuming the debts of any county, city, town or township, or of any corporation.
(An exception in both cases is for debts incurred to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or
defend the State in war.) The Constitution provides that Except the debts above specified . . .
no debt whatever shall hereafter be created by, or on behalf of the state.
By 19 constitutional amendments approved from 1921 to present, Ohio voters have authorized the
incurrence of State general obligation debt and the pledge of taxes or excises to its payment, all
related to the financing of capital facilities, except for four that funded bonuses for veterans,
one that funded coal technology research and development, and one for research and development
activities. Currently, tax supported general obligation debt of the State is authorized to be
incurred for the following purposes: highways, local infrastructure, coal development, natural
resources, higher education, common schools, conservation, research and development, site
development, and veterans compensation. Although supported by the general obligation pledge,
highway debt is also backed by a pledge of and has always been paid from the States motor fuel
taxes and other highway user receipts that are constitutionally restricted in use to highway
related purposes.
A 1999 constitutional amendment provides an annual debt service cap applicable to future
issuances of State direct obligations payable from the GRF or net State lottery proceeds.
Generally, new obligations may not be issued if future fiscal year debt service on those new and
the then outstanding bonds of those categories would exceed 5% of the total estimated GRF revenues
plus net State lottery proceeds during the fiscal year of issuance. Application of the cap may be
waived in a particular instance by a three-fifths vote of each house of the Ohio General Assembly
and may be changed by future constitutional amendments.
In addition to its issuance of highway bonds, the State has financed selected highway
infrastructure projects by issuing bonds and entering into agreements that call for debt service
payments to be made from federal transportation funds allocated to the State, subject to biennial
appropriations by the General Assembly. The highest
annual State payment under those agreements in the current or any future fiscal year is $173.1
million in fiscal year
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2012. In the event of any insufficiency in the anticipated federal
allocations to make payments on State bonds, the payments are to be made from any lawfully
available moneys appropriated to Ohio Department of Transportation for the purpose.
State agencies also have participated in buildings and equipment, information systems and
non-highway transportation projects that have local as well as State use and benefit, in connection
with which the State has entered into lease-purchase agreements with terms ranging from 7 to 20
years. Certificates of Participation (COPs) have been issued in connection with those agreements
that represent fractionalized interests in and are payable from the States anticipated lease
payments. The maximum annual payment from GRF appropriations under those existing agreements is
$30.5 in fiscal year 2013 and the total GRF-supported principal amount outstanding is $186.4
million. Payments by the State are subject to biennial appropriations by the General Assembly with
the lease terms subject to renewal if appropriations are made. The approval of the OBM Director
and either the General Assembly or the state controlling board is required if COPs are to be
publicly-offered in connection with those agreements.
A statewide economic development program assists the financing of facilities and equipment for
industry, commerce, research and distribution, including technology innovation, by providing loans
and loan guarantees. The law authorizes the issuance of State bonds and notes secured by a pledge
of portions of the State profits from liquor sales. The General Assembly has authorized the
issuance of these obligations with a maximum of $630 million to be outstanding at any one time, of
which not more than $84 million may be issued for eligible advanced energy projects and not more
than $100 million may be issued for eligible logistics and distribution projects. The aggregate
amount from the net liquor profit to be used in any fiscal year to pay debt service on these bonds
may not exceed $63 million. Pursuant to constitutional authority, the State has issued $250
million of bonds or notes for revitalization purposes that are also payable from a separate,
subordinate pledge of State liquor profits. The maximum annual debt service on all State bonds
payable from State liquor profits is $51.1 million in fiscal year 2016.
Certain State agencies issue revenue bonds that are payable from revenues from or relating to
revenue producing facilities, such as those issued by the Ohio Turnpike Commission. By judicial
interpretation, such revenue bonds do not constitute debt under the constitutional provisions
described above. The Constitution authorizes State bonds for certain housing purposes (issued by
the Ohio Housing Finance Agency) to which tax moneys may not be obligated or pledged.
As of June 30, 2011, the State had $7.87 billion in general obligation bonds outstanding.
Other issuers of Ohio municipal obligations. Legislation was enacted in 1996 to address
school districts in financial straits. It is similar to similar legislation adopted in 1979 for
municipal fiscal emergencies and fiscal watch, but is particularly tailored to certain school
districts and their then existing or potential fiscal problems. There are currently eight school
districts in fiscal emergency status and five in fiscal watch status. New legislation created a
third, more preliminary, category of fiscal caution.
For those municipalities that have faced significant financial problems, there are statutory
procedures for a commission composed of State and local officials, and private sector members
experienced in business and finance appointed by the Governor to monitor the fiscal affairs of the
municipality. The municipality is required to develop a financial plan, subject to the approval of
the commission, to eliminate deficits and cure any defaults. As of March 2012, twenty-three
municipalities, including one county and two townships, are in fiscal emergency status, three
municipalities are in fiscal watch status and three in fiscal caution status.
At present the State itself does not levy ad valorem taxes on real or tangible personal
property. Those taxes are levied by political subdivisions and local taxing districts. The
Constitution has since 1934 limited the amount of the aggregate levy of ad valorem property taxes
on particular property, without a vote of the electors or municipal charter provision, to 1% of
true value in money, and statutes limit the amount of that aggregate levy without a vote or charter
provision to 10 mills per $1 of assessed valuation commonly referred to in the context of Ohio
local government finance as the ten-mill limitation.
Bond ratings. The States general obligation bonds are rated AA+ by S&P and Aa1 by Moodys
(ratings confirmed as of March 1, 2012. There can be no assurance that such ratings will be
maintained in the future. It
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should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by
local Ohio issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State of
Ohio, and that there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local
obligations in the event of default.
Legal proceedings. The State is a party to numerous legal proceedings, many of which normally
occur in governmental operations. In addition, the State is involved in certain other legal
proceedings affecting the Department of Commerce, the Department of Transportation, and the Bureau
of Workers Compensation. (described in the States recent financial statements). As of June 30,
2011, $26.8 million remains payable to the defendant in the Department of Transportation case and
has been recorded as a liability in the States financial statements. Because of the prospective
nature of the other proceedings, it is not presently possible to predict the outcome of such
litigation, estimate the potential impact on the States financial position, or determine what
impact, if any, such proceedings may have on the Fund.
Other considerations. The Fund is susceptible to political, economic or regulatory factors
affecting issuers of Ohio municipal obligations. The information provided is only a brief summary
of the complex factors affecting the financial situation in Ohio and is derived from sources that
are generally available to investors and are believed to be accurate. It is based in part on
information obtained from various State agencies in Ohio or contained in Official Statements for
various Ohio municipal obligations. No independent verification has been made of the accuracy or
completeness of any of the preceding information.
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APPENDIX B
RATINGS OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following is a description of the factors underlying the debt ratings of Moodys, S&P and
Fitch.
Moodys Long-Term Debt Ratings
Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk. Aa:
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk. A:
Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa: Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered medium-grade
and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some
prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with
little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys applies numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 in each generic rating classification from
Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its
generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates
a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Moodys Short-Term Prime Rating System
P-1
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt
obligations.
P-2
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt
obligations.
P-3
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term
obligations.
NP (Not Prime)
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating
categories.
Note: In addition, in certain countries the prime rating may be modified by the issuers or
guarantors senior unsecured long-term debt rating.
B-1
Moodys MIG/VMIG US Short-Term Ratings
In municipal debt issuance, there are three rating categories for short-term obligations that are
considered investment grade. These ratings are designated as Moodys Investment Grade (MIG) and
are divided into three levels MIG 1 through MIG 3.
In addition, those short-term obligations that are of speculative quality are designated SG, or
speculative grade.
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned. The
first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled
principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of
risk associated with the demand feature, using the MIG rating scale.
The short-term rating assigned to the demand feature of VRDOs is designated as VMIG. When either
the long- or short-term aspect of a VRDO is not rated, that piece is designated NR, e.g., Aaa/NR or
NR/VMIG 1.
MIG ratings expire at note maturity. By contrast, VMIG rating expirations will be a function of
each issues specific structural or credit features.
Gradations of investment quality are indicated by rating symbols, with each symbol representing a
group in which the quality characteristics are broadly the same.
MIG 1/VMIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is
afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based
access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2/VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are
ample although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3/VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash flow
protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this
category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Standard & Poors Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poors analysis of the following
considerations:
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Likelihood of payment capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its
financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation; |
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Nature of and provisions of the obligation; |
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Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event
of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other
laws affecting creditors rights. |
Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative
seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated
lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such
differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and
unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors. The obligors
capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
B-2
AA
An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The
obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A
An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the
obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB
An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic
conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor
to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC and C
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative
characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such
obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed
by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB
An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However,
it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic
conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment
on the obligation.
B
An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the
obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse
business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or
willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC
An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable
business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on
the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor
is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC
An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C
A C rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment,
obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of
an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced
a payment default. Among others, the C rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred
stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the
instruments terms or when preferred stock is the subject of a distressed exchange
B-3
offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by
other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
D
An obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an
obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due even if the
applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will
be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of bankruptcy
petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. An
obligations rating is lowered to D upon completion of distressed exchange offer, whereby some or
all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments
having a total value that is less than par.
Plus (+) or minus (-)
The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to
show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NR
This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which
to base a rating, or that Standard & Poors does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of
policy.
Standard & Poors Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings
A-1
A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poors. The
obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this
category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the
obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2
A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes
in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However,
the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3
A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse
economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead a weakened capacity of the
obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B
A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics.
Ratings of B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B
category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the
obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors
inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B-1
A short-term obligation rated B-1 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics,
but the obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet its financial commitments over the
short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-4
B-2
A short-term obligation rated B-2 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics,
and the obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over
the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-3
A short-term obligation rated B-3 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics,
and the obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the
short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C
A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon
favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial
commitment on the obligation.
D
A short-term obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when
payments on an obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due
even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poors believes that such
payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing
of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are
jeopardized.
Standard & Poors Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings Definitions
A Standard & Poors U.S. municipal note rating reflects Standard & Poors opinion about the
liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less
will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will
most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to
assign, Standard & Poors analysis will review the following considerations:
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Amortization schedule the larger final maturity relative to other
maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and |
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Source of payment the more dependent the issue is on the market for its
refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note. |
Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1
Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong
capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2
Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial
and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3
Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
B-5
Standard & Poors Dual Ratings
Standard & Poors assigns dual ratings to all debt issues that have a put option or demand
feature as part of their structure. The first rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of
principal and interest as due, and the second rating addresses only the demand feature. The
long-term rating symbols are used for bonds to denote the long-term maturity and the short-term
rating symbols for the put option (for example, AAA/A-1+). With U.S. municipal short-term demand
debt, note rating symbols are used with the short-term issue credit rating symbols (for example,
SP-1+/A-1+)
The ratings and other credit related opinions of Standard & Poors and its affiliates are
statements of opinion as of the date they are expressed and not statements of fact or
recommendations to purchase, hold or sell any securities or make any investment decisions.
Standard & Poors assumes no obligation to update any information following publication. Users of
ratings and credit related opinions should not rely on them in making any investment decision.
Standard & Poors opinions and analysis do not address the suitability of any security. Standard &
Poors Financial Services LLC does not act as a fiduciary or an investment advisor. While Standard
& Poors has obtained information from sources it believes to be reliable, Standard & Poors does
not perform an audit and undertakes no duty of due diligence or independent verification of any
information it receives. Ratings and credit related opinions may be changed, suspended, or
withdrawn at any time.
Fitch Credit Rating Scales
Fitch Ratings credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet
financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance
claims or counterparty obligations. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the
likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested.
The agencys credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including
supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance
entities and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance
securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.
The terms investment grade and speculative grade have established themselves over time as
shorthand to describe the categories AAA to BBB (investment grade) and BB to D (speculative
grade). The terms investment grade and speculative grade are market conventions, and do not
imply any recommendation or endorsement of a specific security for investment purposes.
Investment grade categories indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while ratings in the
speculative categories either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already
occurred.
A designation of Not Rated or NR is used to denote securities not rated by Fitch where Fitch
has rated some, but not all, securities comprising an issuance capital structure.
Credit ratings express risk in relative rank order, which is to say they are ordinal measures of
credit risk and are not predictive of a specific frequency of default or loss.
Fitch Ratings credit ratings do not directly address any risk other than credit risk. In
particular, ratings do not deal with the risk of a market value loss on a rated security due to
changes in interest rates, liquidity and other market considerations. However, in terms of payment
obligation on the rated liability, market risk may be considered to the extent that it influences
the ability of an issuer to pay upon a commitment. Ratings nonetheless do not reflect market risk
to the extent that they influence the size or other conditionality of the obligation to pay upon a
commitment (for example, in the case of index-linked bonds).
In the default components of ratings assigned to individual obligations or instruments, the agency
typically rates to the likelihood of non-payment or default in accordance with the terms of that
instruments documentation. In limited cases, Fitch Ratings may include additional considerations
(i.e. rate to a higher or lower standard than that implied in the obligations documentation). In
such cases, the agency will make clear the assumptions underlying the agencys opinion in the
accompanying rating commentary.
B-6
Fitch Long-Term Rating Scales
Issuer Credit Rating Scales
Rated entities in a number of sectors, including financial and non-financial corporations,
sovereigns and insurance companies, are generally assigned Issuer Default Ratings (IDRs). IDRs
opine on an entitys relative vulnerability to default on financial obligations. The threshold
default risk addressed by the IDR is generally that of the financial obligations whose non-payment
would best reflect the uncured failure of that entity. As such, IDRs also address relative
vulnerability to bankruptcy, administrative receivership or similar concepts, although the agency
recognizes that issuers may also make pre-emptive and therefore voluntary use of such mechanisms.
In aggregate, IDRs provide an ordinal ranking of issuers based on the agencys view of their
relative vulnerability to default, rather than a prediction of a specific percentage likelihood of
default. For historical information on the default experience of Fitch-rated issuers, please
consult the transition and default performance studies available from the Fitch Ratings website.
AAA: Highest credit quality.
AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of
exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly
unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality.
AA ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for
payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable
events.
A: High credit quality.
A ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial
commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse
business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB: Good credit quality.
BBB ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for
payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions
are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative.
BB ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of
adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial
flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B: Highly speculative.
B ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains.
Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is
vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC: Substantial credit risk.
Default is a real possibility.
B-7
CC: Very high levels of credit risk.
Default of some kind appears probable.
C: Exceptionally high levels of credit risk
Default is imminent or inevitable, or the issuer is in standstill. Conditions that are indicative
of a C category rating for an issuer include:
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the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a
material financial obligation; |
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the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill
agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; or |
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Fitch Ratings otherwise believes a condition of RD or D to be imminent or
inevitable, including through the formal announcement of a coercive debt exchange. |
RD: Restricted default.
RD ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings opinion has experienced an uncured payment
default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into
bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure,
and which has not otherwise ceased business. This would include:
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the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt; |
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the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default
forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security
or other material financial obligation; |
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the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default
on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; or |
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execution of a coercive debt exchange on one or more material financial
obligations. |
D: Default.
D ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings,
administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has
otherwise ceased business.
Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this
context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will
generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period,
unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a coercive
debt exchange.
Imminent default typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by
the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a
scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment
default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a coercive debt
exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future.
In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agencys opinion as to the most
appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ
from the definition of default under the terms of an issuers financial obligations or local
commercial practice.
B-8
Note:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating
categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-Term IDR category, or to Long-Term IDR
categories below B.
Fitch Short-Term Rating Scales
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to
default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial
obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term
Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as short term based on
market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured
obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1: Highest short-term credit quality.
Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an
added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2: Good short-term credit quality.
Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3: Fair short-term credit quality.
The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B: Speculative short-term credit quality.
Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near
term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C: High short-term default risk.
Default is a real possibility.
RD: Restricted default.
Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it
continues to meet other financial obligations. Applicable to entity ratings only.
D: Default.
Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
B-9
APPENDIX C
STRATEGIC TRANSACTIONS; OPTIONS AND FUTURES
This appendix provides additional information about the investment policies and restrictions
for some of the Funds. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein are used as defined in the
Funds original prospectus, as amended. References herein to the Prospectus should be read as
references to the Funds original prospectus, as amended.
Invesco Van Kampen California Value Municipal Income Trust (VCV), Invesco Van Kampen Select
Sector Municipal Trust (VKL) and Invesco Van Kampen Massachusetts Value Municipal Income Trust
(VMV)
Strategic Transactions
The Fund may purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on
securities, financial futures, fixed-income indices and other financial instruments, purchase and
sell financial futures contracts and enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps,
caps, floors or collars. Collectively, all the above are referred to as Strategic Transactions.
Strategic Transactions may be used to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market
value of securities held in or to be purchased for the Funds portfolio resulting from securities
markets fluctuations, to protect the Funds unrealized gains in the value of its portfolio
securities, to facilitate the sale of such securities for investment purposes, to manage the
effective maturity or duration of the Funds portfolio, or to establish a position in the
derivatives markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities.
Strategic Transactions, other than Strategic Transactions involving financial futures and options
thereon, may also be used to enhance potential gain. Any or all of these investment techniques may
be used at any time and there is no particular strategy that dictates the use of one technique
rather than another, as use of any Strategic Transaction is a function of numerous variables
including market conditions. The ability of the Fund to utilize these Strategic Transactions
successfully will depend on the Advisers ability to predict pertinent market movements, which
cannot be assured. The Fund will comply with applicable regulatory requirements when implementing
these strategies, techniques and instruments. Strategic Transactions involving financial futures
and options thereon will be purchased, sold or entered into only for bona fide hedging, risk
management or portfolio management purposes and not for speculative purposes.
Strategic Transactions have risks associated with them including possible default by the other
party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisers view as to certain market
movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of such Strategic Transactions could result in losses
greater than if they had not been used. Use of put and call options may result in losses to the
Fund, force the sale of portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than at
current market values, limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on its investments or
cause the Fund to hold a security it might otherwise sell. The use of options and futures
transactions entails certain other risks. In particular, the variable degree of correlation
between price movements of futures contracts and price movements in the related portfolio position
of the Fund creates the possibility that losses on the hedging instrument may be greater than gains
in the value of the Funds position. In addition, futures and options markets may not be liquid in
all circumstances and certain over-the-counter options may have no markets. As a result, in certain
markets, the Fund might not be able to close out a transaction without incurring substantial
losses, if at all. Although the contemplated use of these futures contracts and options thereon
should tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged position, at
the same time they tend to limit any potential gain which might result from an increase in value of
such position. Finally, the daily variation margin requirements for futures contracts and the sale
of options thereon would create a greater ongoing potential financial risk than would purchases of
options, where the exposure is limited to the cost of the initial premium. Losses resulting from
the use of Strategic Transactions would reduce net asset value, and possibly income, and such
losses can be greater than if the Strategic Transactions had not been utilized. Income earned or
gains realized or deemed to be earned or realized, if any, by the Fund from engaging in Strategic
Transactions generally will be taxable income of the Fund. Such income will be allocated to both
the Common Shares and the Preferred Shares on a pro rata basis. The Strategic Transactions that the
Fund may use and some of their risks are described more fully below.
The Fund may, but is not required to, utilize various other investment strategies as described
below to hedge various market risks (such as interest rates), to manage the effective maturity or
duration of securities or
C-1
portfolios or to enhance potential gain. Such strategies are generally accepted by modern
portfolio managers and are regularly utilized by many mutual funds and other institutional
investors. Techniques and instruments may change over time as new instruments and strategies are
developed or regulatory changes occur.
Strategic Transactions. In the course of pursuing these investment strategies, the Fund may
purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on securities,
financial futures, interest rate indices and other financial instruments, purchase and sell
financial futures contracts and enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps,
floors or collars (collectively, all the above are called Strategic Transactions). Presently,
options on municipal securities are traded exclusively over-the-counter, although if options on
municipal securities were to be listed for trading on a national securities exchange the Fund might
trade in such exchange-listed options. Strategic Transactions may be used to attempt to protect
against possible changes in the market value of securities held in or to be purchased for the
Funds portfolio resulting from securities markets fluctuations, to protect the Funds unrealized
gains in the value of its portfolio securities, to facilitate the sale of such securities for
investment purposes, to manage the effective maturity or duration of the Funds portfolio, or to
establish a position as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities.
Some Strategic Transactions may also be used to enhance potential gain although no more than 5% of
the Funds assets will be committed to Strategic Transactions entered into for non-hedging or risk
management purposes. Any or all of these investment techniques may be used at any time and there
is no particular strategy that dictates the use of one technique rather than another, as the use of
any Strategic Transaction is a function of numerous variables including market conditions. The
ability of the Fund to utilize these Strategic Transactions successfully will depend on the
Advisers ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. The Fund will
comply with applicable regulatory requirements when implementing these strategies, techniques and
instruments. Strategic Transactions involving financial futures and options thereon will be
purchased, sold or entered into only for bona fide hedging, risk management or portfolio management
purposes and not for speculative purposes.
Strategic Transactions have risks associated with them including possible default by the other
party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisers view as to certain market
movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of such Strategic Transactions could result in losses
greater than if they had not been used. Use of put and call options may result in losses to the
Fund, force the sale of portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current
market values, limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on its investments or cause
the Fund to hold a security it might otherwise sell. The use of options and futures transactions
entails certain other risks. In particular, the variable degree of correlation between price
movements of futures contracts and price movements in the related portfolio position of the Fund
creates the possibility that losses on the hedging instrument may be greater than gains in the
value of the Funds position. In addition, futures and options markets may not be liquid in all
circumstances and certain over-the-counter options may have no markets. As a result, in certain
markets, the Fund might not be able to close out a transaction without incurring substantial
losses, if at all. Although the contemplated use of these futures contracts and options thereon
should tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged position, at
the same time they tend to limit any potential gain which might result from an increase in value of
such position. Finally, the daily variation margin requirements for futures contracts and the sale
of options thereon would create a greater ongoing potential financial risk than would purchases of
options, where the exposure is limited to the cost of the initial premium. Losses resulting from
the use of Strategic Transactions would reduce net asset value, and possibly income, and such
losses can be greater than if the Strategic Transactions had not been utilized. Income earned or
gains realized or deemed to be earned or realized, if any, by the Fund from engaging in Strategic
Transactions generally will be taxable income of the Fund. Such income will be allocated to both
the Common Shares and the Preferred Shares on a pro rata basis.
General Characteristics of Options. Put options and call options typically have similar
structural characteristics and operational mechanics regardless of the underlying instrument on
which they are purchased or sold. Thus, the following general discussion relates to each of the
particular types of options discussed in greater detail below. In addition, many Strategic
Transactions involving options require segregation of Fund assets in special accounts, as described
below under Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts.
A put option gives the purchaser of the option, upon payment of a premium, the right to sell,
and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying security, commodity, index or other instrument
at the exercise price. For instance, the Funds purchase of a put option on a security might be
designed to protect its holdings in the underlying instrument (or, in some cases, a similar
instrument) against a substantial decline in the market value by
C-2
giving the Fund the right to sell such instrument at the option exercise price. A call option,
upon payment of a premium, gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the seller the
obligation to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price. The Funds purchase of a call
option on a security, financial future, index or other instrument might be intended to protect the
Fund against an increase in the price of the underlying instrument that it intends to purchase in
the future by fixing the price at which it may purchase such instrument. An American style put or
call option may be exercised at any time during the option period while a European style put or
call option may be exercised only upon expiration or during a fixed period prior thereto. The Fund
is authorized to purchase and sell exchange listed options and over-the-counter options (OTC
options). Exchange listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary such as the Options
Clearing Corporation (OCC), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to
such options. The discussion below uses the OCC as a paradigm, but is also applicable to other
financial intermediaries.
With certain exceptions, OCC issued and exchange listed options generally settle by physical
delivery of the underlying security, although in the future cash settlement may become available.
Index options and Eurodollar instruments are cash settled for the net amount, if any, to the extent
the option is in-the-money (i.e., where the value of the underlying instrument exceeds in the
case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price of the
option) at the time the option is exercised. Frequently, rather than taking or making delivery of
the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are closed
by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of the
new option.
The Funds ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC or exchange
listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the option market. Among
the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid option market on an exchange are: (i) insufficient
trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions on transactions imposed by an exchange;
(iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to the particular
classes or series of options or underlying securities including reaching daily price limits; (iv)
interruption of the normal operations of the OCC or an exchange; (v) inadequacy of the facilities
of an exchange or OCC to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by one or more exchanges
to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event
the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although outstanding
options on that exchange would generally continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
The hours of trading for listed options may not coincide with the hours during which the
underlying financial instruments are traded. To the extent that the option markets close before
the markets for the underlying financial instruments, significant price movements can take place in
the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the option markets.
OTC options are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial institutions or other
parties (Counterparties) through direct bilateral agreements with the Counterparty. In contrast
to exchange listed options, which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, all
the terms of an OTC option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price,
premium, guaranties and security, are set by negotiation of the parties. The Fund will only enter
into OTC options that have a buy-back provision permitting the Fund to require the Counterparty to
buy back the option at a formula price within seven days. The Fund expects generally to enter into
OTC options that have cash settlement provisions, although it is not required to do so.
Unless the parties provide for it, there is no central clearing or guaranty function in an OTC
option. As a result, if the Counterparty fails to make or take delivery of the security or other
instrument underlying an OTC option it has entered into with the Fund or fails to make a cash
settlement payment due in accordance with the terms of the option, the Fund will lose any premium
it paid for the option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. Accordingly, the
Adviser must access the creditworthiness of each such Counterparty or any guarantor or credit
enhancement of the Counterpartys credit to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC
option will be satisfied. The Fund will engage in OTC option transactions only with United States
government securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank in New York as primary
dealers, broker-dealers, domestic or foreign banks or other financial institutions which have
received a short-term credit rating of A-l from S&P or P-l from Moodys Investor Services
(Moodys) or any equivalent rating from any other nationally recognized statistical rating
organization (NRSRO). The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission currently takes the
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position that assets used as cover or segregated in connection with the amount of the Funds
obligation pursuant to certain OTC options are illiquid.
If the Fund sells a call option, the premium that it receives may serve as a partial hedge, to
the extent of the option premium, against a decrease in the value of the underlying securities or
instruments in its portfolio or will increase the Funds income. The sale of put options can also
provide income.
The Fund may purchase and sell call options on municipal securities and other financial
instruments that the adviser believes have a high degree of correlation to the municipal securities
which the Fund may purchase, including U.S. Treasury and agency securities, mortgage-backed
securities and Eurodollar instruments that are traded on U.S. securities exchanges and in the
over-the-counter markets and related futures on such securities. All calls sold by the Fund must
be covered or must meet the asset segregation requirements described below as long as the call is
outstanding (i.e., the Fund must own the securities or futures contract subject to the call). Even
though the Fund will receive the option premium to help protect it against loss, a call sold by the
Fund exposes the Fund during the term of the option to possible loss of opportunity to realize
appreciation in the market price of the underlying security and may require the Fund to hold a
security which it might otherwise have sold.
The Fund may purchase and sell put options that relate to municipal securities and other
financial instruments that the Adviser believes have a high degree of correlation to the municipal
securities which the Fund may purchase, including U.S. Government Securities, mortgage-backed
securities, and Eurodollar instruments (whether or not it holds the above securities in its
portfolio) or futures on such securities. The Fund will not sell put options if, as a result, more
than 50% of the Funds assets would be required to be segregated to cover its potential obligations
under its hedging, duration management, risk management, and other Strategic Transactions other
than those with respect to futures and options thereon. In selling put options, there is a risk
that the Fund may be required to buy the underlying security at a disadvantageous price above the
market price.
General Characteristics of Futures. The Fund may purchase and sell financial futures
contracts or purchase put and call options on such futures as a hedge against anticipated interest
rate movements for duration management and for risk management purposes. Futures are generally
bought and sold on the commodities exchanges where they are listed with payment of initial and
variation margin as described below. The sale of a futures contract creates a firm obligation by
the Fund, as seller, to deliver the specific type of financial instrument called for in the
contract at a specific future time for a specified price (or, with respect to index futures and
Eurodollar instruments, the net cash amount). Options on futures contracts are similar to options
on securities except that an option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right in return
for the premium paid to assume a position in a futures contract.
The Funds use of financial futures and options thereon will in all cases be consistent with
applicable regulatory requirements and in particular the rules and regulations of the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission and will be entered into for bona fide hedging (including duration
management), risk management or other portfolio management purposes. Typically, maintaining a
futures contract or selling an option thereon requires the Fund to deposit with a financial
intermediary as security for its obligations an amount of cash or other specified assets (initial
margin) which initially is typically 1% to 5% of the face amount of the contract (but may be higher
in some circumstances). Additional cash or assets (variation margin) may be required to be
deposited thereafter on a daily basis as the mark to market value of the contract fluctuates. The
purchase of options on financial futures involves payment of a premium for the option without any
further obligation on the part of the Fund. If the Fund exercises an option on a futures contract
it will be obligated to post initial margin (and potential subsequent variation margin) for the
resulting futures position just as it would for any position. Futures contracts and options
thereon are generally settled by entering into an offsetting transaction but there can be no
assurance that the position will be offset prior to settlement and that delivery will not occur.
The Fund will not enter into a futures contract or related option (except for closing
transactions) for other than bona fide hedging purposes if, immediately thereafter, the sum of the
amount of its initial margin and premiums on open futures contracts and options thereon would
exceed 5% of the Funds net assets (taken at current value); however, in the case of an option that
is in-the-money at the time of the purchase, the in-the-money amount may be excluded in calculating
the 5% limitation. Certain state securities laws to which the Fund may be subject may
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further restrict the Funds ability to engage in transactions in futures contracts and related
options. The segregation requirements with respect to futures and options thereon are described
below.
Options on Securities Indices and Other Financial Indices. The Fund also may purchase and
sell call and put options on securities indices and other financial indices, including indices
based upon municipal securities to the extent that an active market exists or develops, and, in so
doing can achieve many of the same objectives it would achieve through the sale or purchase of
options on individual securities or other instruments. Options on securities indices and other
financial indices are similar to options on a security or other instrument except that, rather than
settling by physical delivery of the underlying instrument, they settle by cash settlement, i.e.,
an option on an index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount
of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the option is based exceeds, in the case of a
call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option (except if, in the
case of an OTC option, physical delivery is specified). This amount of cash is equal to the excess
of the closing price of the index over the exercise price of the option, which also may be
multiplied by a formula value. The seller of the option is obligated, in return for the premium
received, to make delivery of this amount. The gain or loss on an option on an index depends on
price movements in the instruments making up the market, market segment, industry or other
composite on which the underlying index is based, rather than price movements in individual
securities, as is the case with respect to options on securities.
Combined Transactions. The Fund may enter into multiple transactions, including multiple
options transactions, multiple futures transactions and any combination of futures and options
transactions (component transactions), instead of a single Strategic Transaction, as part of a
single or combined strategy when, in the opinion of the Adviser, it is in the best interests of the
Fund to do so. A combined transaction will usually contain elements of risk that are present in
each of its component transactions. Although combined transactions are normally entered into based
on the Advisers judgment that the combined strategies will reduce risk or otherwise more
effectively achieve the desired portfolio management goal, it is possible that the combination will
instead increase such risks or hinder achievement of the portfolio management objective.
Swaps, Caps, Floors and Collars. Among the Strategic Transactions into which the Fund may
enter are interest rate and index swaps and the purchase or sale of related caps, floors and
collars. The Fund expects to enter into these transactions primarily to preserve a return or
spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio, to protect against currency
fluctuations, as a duration management technique or to protect against any increase in the price of
securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. The Fund intends to use these
transactions as hedges and not as speculative investments and will not sell interest rate caps or
floors where it does not own securities or other instruments providing the income stream the Fund
may be obligated to pay. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party
of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of floating rate
payments for fixed rate payments with respect to a notional amount of principal. An index swap is
an agreement to swap cash flows on a notional amount based on changes in the values of the
reference indices. The purchase of a cap entitles the purchaser to receive payments on a notional
principal amount from the party selling such cap to the extent that a specified index exceeds a
predetermined interest rate or amount. The purchase of a floor entitles the purchaser to receive
payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling such floor to the extent that a
specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate or amount. A collar is a combination of
a cap and a floor that preserves a certain return within a predetermined range of interest rates or
values.
The Fund may enter into swaps, caps, floors or collars on either an asset-based or
liability-based basis, depending on whether it is hedging its assets or its liabilities, and will
usually enter into swaps on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted out in a cash
settlement on the payment date or dates specified in the instrument, with the Fund receiving or
paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Inasmuch as these swaps,
caps, floors and collars are entered into for good faith hedging purposes, the Adviser and the Fund
believe such obligations do not constitute senior securities under the 1940 Act and, accordingly,
will not treat them as being subject to its borrowing restrictions. The Fund will not enter into
any swap, cap, floor or collar transaction unless, at the time of entering into such transaction,
the unsecured long-term debt of the Counterparty, combined with any credit enhancements, is rated
at least A by S&P or Moodys or has an equivalent rating from an NRSRO or is determined to be of
equivalent credit quality by the Adviser. If there is a default by the Counterparty, the Fund will
have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. The swap market
has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms
acting both as principals
C-5
and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become
relatively liquid. Caps, floors and collars are more recent innovations for which standardized
documentation has not yet been fully developed and, accordingly, they are less liquid than swaps.
Eurodollar Instruments. The Fund may make investments in Eurodollar instruments. Eurodollar
instruments are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts or options thereon which are linked to
the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). Eurodollar futures contracts enable purchasers to
obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings.
The Fund might use Eurodollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in
LIBOR, to which many interest rate swaps and fixed income instruments are linked.
Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts. Many Strategic Transactions, in addition to
other requirements, require that the Fund segregate liquid high grade assets with its custodian to
the extent Fund obligations are not otherwise covered through ownership of the underlying
security or financial instrument. In general, either the full amount of any obligation by the Fund
to pay or deliver securities or assets must be covered at all times by the securities or
instruments required to be delivered, or an amount of cash or liquid high grade securities at least
equal to the current amount of the obligation must be segregated with the Funds custodian. The
segregated assets cannot be sold or transferred unless equivalent assets are substituted in their
place or it is no longer necessary to segregate them. For example, a call option written by the
Fund will require the Fund to hold the securities subject to the call (or securities convertible
into the underlying securities without additional consideration) or to segregate liquid high grade
assets sufficient to purchase and deliver the securities if the call is exercised. A call option
sold by the Fund on an index will require the Fund to own portfolio securities which correlate with
the index or to segregate liquid high grade assets equal to the excess of the index value over the
exercise price on a current basis. A put option written by the Fund requires the Fund to segregate
liquid, high grade assets equal to the exercise price.
OTC options entered into by the Fund, including those on securities, financial instruments or
indices, OCC issued and exchange listed index options, swaps, caps, floors and collars will
generally provide for cash settlement. As a result, with respect to these instruments the Fund
will only segregate an amount of assets equal to its accrued net obligations, as there is no
requirement for payment or delivery of amounts in excess of the net amount. These amounts
generally will equal 100% of the exercise price in the case of a put, or the in-the-money amount in
the case of a call. In addition, when the Fund sells a call option on an index at a time when the
in-the-money amount exceeds the exercise price, the Fund will segregate, until the option expires
or is closed out, cash or cash equivalents equal in value to such excess. OCC issued and exchange
listed options sold by the Fund other than those above generally settle with physical delivery, and
the Fund will segregate an amount of assets equal to the full value of the option. OTC options
settling with physical delivery, if any, will be treated the same as other options settling with
physical delivery.
In the case of a futures contract or an option thereon, the Fund must deposit initial margin
and possible daily variation margin in addition to segregating assets sufficient to meet its
obligation to purchase or provide securities or to pay the amount owed at the expiration of an
index-based futures contract. Such assets may consist of cash, cash equivalents, liquid debt or
other acceptable assets.
With respect to swaps entered into on a net basis, the Fund will accrue the net amount of the
excess, if any, of its obligations over its entitlements with respect to each swap on a daily basis
and will segregate an amount of cash or liquid high grade securities having a value equal to the
accrued excess. Caps, floors and collars require segregation of assets with a value equal to the
Funds net obligation, if any.
Strategic Transactions may be covered by other means when consistent with applicable
regulatory policies. The Fund may also enter into offsetting transactions so that its combined
position, coupled with any segregated assets, equals its net outstanding obligation in related
options and Strategic Transactions. For example, the Fund could purchase a put option if the
strike price of that option is the same or higher than the strike price of a put option sold by the
Fund. Moreover, instead of segregating assets if the Fund held a futures or forward contract, it
could purchase a put option on the same futures or forward contract with a strike price as high or
higher than the price of the contract held. Other Strategic Transactions may also be offset in
combinations. If the offsetting transaction
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terminates at the time of or after the primary transaction, no segregation is required; but if it
terminates prior to such time, assets equal to any remaining obligation would need to be
segregated.
The Funds activities involving Strategic Transactions may be limited by the requirements of
Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code for qualification as a regulated investment company.
Invesco Van Kampen High Income Trust II (VLT)
Investment Practices
In connection with the Funds investment objective and policies, the Fund may: purchase and
sell options on fixed-income securities and on indices based on fixed-income securities to the
extent a market in any such indices exists or develops and engage in interest rate and other
hedging transactions. These investment practices entail risks. The Adviser may use some or all of
the following hedging and risk management practices when their use appears appropriate. Although
the Adviser believes that these investment practices may further the Funds investment objective,
no assurance can be given that these investment practices will achieve this result. If the Fund
issues Senior Securities and seeks to obtain a rating of the Senior Securities, the rating service
issuing such rating may, as a condition thereof, impose asset coverage or other requirements
compliance with which may restrict the Funds ability to engage in these investment practices. The
Fund anticipates the imposition of some such restrictions in connection with obtaining a rating of
the Preferred Shares. The Fund cannot predict what, if any, additional requirements may be imposed
by such rating service in connection with its rating of any Senior Securities other than the
anticipated requirements in connection with seeking a rating of the Preferred Shares.
Securities Options Transactions. The Fund may invest in options on fixed-income securities.
Such options may be traded over-the- counter or on a national securities exchange. In general, the
Fund may purchase and sell (write) options on up to 25% of its assets. The SEC requires that
obligations of investment companies such as the Fund, in connection with option sale positions,
must comply with certain segregation or coverage requirements which are more fully described below.
No limitation exists on the amount of the Funds assets which can be used to comply with such
segregation or cover requirements.
A call option gives the purchaser the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the
underlying security at the agreed upon exercise (or strike) price during the option period. A put
option gives the purchaser the right to sell, and obligates the writer to buy, the underlying
security at the strike price during the option period. Purchasers of options pay an amount, known
as a premium, to the option writer in exchange for the right under the option contract. Option
contracts may be written with terms which would permit the holder of the option to purchase or sell
the underlying security only upon the expiration date of the option.
The Fund may purchase put and call options in hedging transactions to protect against a
decline in the market value of the securities in the Funds portfolio (e.g., by the purchase of a
put option) and to protect against an increase in the cost of fixed-income securities that the Fund
may seek to purchase in the future (e.g., by the purchase of a call option). In the event the Fund
purchases put and call options, paying premiums therefor, and price movements in the underlying
securities are such that exercise of the options would not be profitable for the Fund, then to the
extent such underlying securities correlate in value to the Funds portfolio securities, losses of
the premiums paid may be offset by an increase in the value of the Funds portfolio securities (in
the case of a purchase of put options) or by a decrease in the cost of acquisition of securities by
the Fund (in the case of a purchase of call options).
The Fund may also sell put and call options as a means of increasing the yield on the Funds
portfolio and as a means of providing limited protection against decreases in market value of the
Funds portfolio. When the Fund sells an option, if the underlying securities do not increase (in
the case of a call option) or decrease (in the case of a put option) to a price level that would
make the exercise of the option profitable to the holder of the option, the option generally will
expire without being exercised and the Fund will realize as profit the premium received for such
option. When a call option of which the Fund is the writer is exercised, the Fund will be required
to sell the underlying securities to the option holder at the strike price; therefore the Fund will
not participate in any increase in the price of such securities above the strike price. When a put
option of which the Fund is the writer is exercised, the
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Fund will be required to purchase the underlying securities at the strike price, which may be
in excess of the market value of such securities.
Over-the-counter options (OTC options) differ from exchange-traded options in several
respects. They are transacted directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation, and a risk
exists of non-performance by the dealer. OTC options are available for a greater variety of
securities and for a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices than are available for
exchange-traded options. Because OTC options are not traded on an exchange, pricing is done
normally by reference to information from a market maker, which information is monitored carefully
by the Adviser and verified in appropriate cases.
Generally the Funds policy, in order to avoid the exercise of an option sold by it, will be
to cancel its obligation under the option by entering into a closing purchase transaction, if
available, unless selling (in the case of a call option) or to purchasing (in the case of a put
option) the underlying securities is determined to be in the Funds interest. A closing purchase
transaction consists of the Fund purchasing an option having the same terms as the option sold by
the Fund and has the effect of cancelling the Funds position as a seller. The premium which the
Fund will pay in executing a closing purchase transaction may be higher (or lower) than the premium
received when the option was sold, depending in large part upon the relative price of the
underlying security at the time of each transaction. To the extent options sold by the Fund are
exercised and the Fund either delivers portfolio securities to the holder of a call option or
liquidates securities in its portfolio as a source of funds to purchase securities put to the Fund,
the Funds portfolio turnover rate will increase, which would cause the Fund to incur additional
brokerage expenses.
During the option period the Fund, as a covered call writer, gives up the potential
appreciation above the exercise price should the underlying security rise in value, and the Fund,
as a secured put writer, retains the risk of loss should the underlying security decline in value.
For the covered call writer, substantial appreciation in the value of the underlying security would
result in the security being called away at the strike price of the option which may be
substantially below the fair market value of such security. For the secured put writer, substantial
depreciation in the value of the underlying security would result in the security being put to
the writer at the strike price of the option which may be substantially in excess of the fair
market value of such security. If a covered call option or a secured put option expires
unexercised, the writer realizes a gain, and the buyer a loss, in the amount of the premium.
To the extent that an active market exists or develops, whether on a national securities
exchange or over-the-counter, in options on indices based upon fixed-income securities, the Fund
may purchase and sell options on such indices, subject to the limitation that the Fund may purchase
and sell options on up to 25% of its assets. Through the writing or purchase of index options the
Fund can achieve many of the same objectives as through the use of options on individual
securities. Options on securities indices are similar to options on securities except that, rather
than the right to take or make delivery of a security at a specified price, an option on a
securities index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of
cash if the closing level of the securities index upon which the option is based is greater than,
in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the strike price of the option.
Price movements in securities which the Fund owns or intends to purchase will not correlate
perfectly with movements in the level of an index and, therefore, the Fund bears the risk of a loss
on an index option which is not offset completely by movements in the price of such securities.
Because index options are settled in cash, a call writer cannot determine the amount of its
settlement obligations in advance and, unlike call writing on specific securities, cannot provide
in advance for, or cover, its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the
underlying securities.
Interest Rate and Other Hedging Transactions. In order to seek to protect the value of its
portfolio securities against declines resulting from changes in interest rates or other market
changes, the Fund may enter into various hedging transactions, such as financial futures contracts
and related options contracts.
The Fund may enter into various interest rate hedging transactions using financial instruments
with a high degree of correlation to the securities which the Fund may purchase for its portfolio,
including interest rate futures contracts in such financial instruments and interest rate related
indices, put and call options on such futures contracts
C-8
and on such financial instruments. The Fund expects to enter into these transactions to lock
in a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio, to protect against
any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, or for
other risk management strategies. Financial futures and options contracts and the risks attendant
to the Funds use thereof are described more completely below.
The Fund will not engage in the foregoing transactions for speculative purposes, but only as a
means to hedge risks associated with management of the Funds portfolio. Typically, investment in
these contracts requires the Fund to deposit with the applicable exchange or other specified
financial intermediary as a good faith deposit for its obligations, known as initial margin, an
amount of cash or specified debt securities which initially is 1%-15% of the face amount of the
contract and which thereafter fluctuates on a periodic basis as the value of the contract
fluctuates. Thereafter, the Fund must make additional deposits equal to any net losses due to
unfavorable price movements of the contract and will be credited with an amount equal to any net
gains due to favorable price movements. These additional deposits or credits are calculated and
required daily and are known as variation margin.
The SEC generally requires that when an investment company, such as the Fund, effects
transactions of the foregoing nature, such a fund either must segregate cash or high quality,
readily marketable portfolio securities with its custodian in the amount of its obligations under
the foregoing transactions or must cover such obligations by maintaining positions in portfolio
securities, futures contracts or options that would serve to satisfy or offset the risk of such
obligations. When effecting transactions of the foregoing nature, the Fund will comply with such
segregation or cover requirements. No limitation exists as to the percentage of the Funds assets
which may be segregated in connection with such transactions.
The Fund will not enter into a futures contract or related option if, immediately after such
investment, the sum of the amount of its initial margin deposits and premiums on open contracts and
options would exceed 5% of the Funds total assets at current value. The Fund, however, may invest
more than such amount in the future if it obtains authority to do so from the appropriate
regulatory agencies without rendering the Fund a commodity pool operator or adversely affecting its
status as an investment company for federal securities law or income tax purposes.
All of the foregoing transactions present certain risks. In particular, the variable degree of
correlation between price movements of futures contracts and price movements in the security being
hedged creates the possibility that losses on the hedge may be greater than gains in the value of
the Funds securities. In addition, these instruments may not be liquid in all circumstances and
are closed out generally by entering into offsetting transactions rather than by disposing of the
obligations. As a result, in volatile markets, the Fund may not be able to close out a transaction
without incurring losses. Although the contemplated use of those contracts should tend to reduce
the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged security, at the same time the use of
these contracts could tend to limit any potential gain which might result from an increase in the
value of such security. Finally, the daily deposit requirements for futures contracts create an
ongoing greater potential financial risk than do option purchase transactions, where the exposure
is limited to the cost of the premium for the option.
Successful use of futures contracts and options thereon by the Fund is subject to the ability
of the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest rates and other factors
affecting markets for securities. If the Advisers expectations are not met, the Fund would be in a
worse position than if a hedging strategy had not been pursued. For example, if the Fund has hedged
against the possibility of an increase in interest rates which would adversely affect the price of
securities in its portfolio and the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will lose
part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its securities because it will have offsetting
losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash
to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities to meet such
requirements. Such sales of securities may, but will not necessarily, be at increased prices which
reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it is
disadvantageous to do so.
In addition to engaging in transactions utilizing options on futures contracts, the Fund may
purchase put and call options on securities and, as developed from time to time, on interest
indices and other instruments. Purchasing options may increase investment flexibility and improve
total return, but also risks loss of the option
C-9
premium if an asset the Fund has the option to buy declines in value or if an asset the Fund
has the option to sell increases in value.
The Fund also may enter into various other hedging transactions, such as interest rate swaps
and the purchase or sale of interest rate caps and floors. The Fund expects to enter into these
transactions primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its
portfolio or to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates
purchasing at a later date. The Fund intends to use these transactions as a hedge and not as a
speculative investment. The Fund will not sell interest rate caps or floors that it does not own.
Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective
commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate
payments. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a
specified index exceeds a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a
notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The purchase of an
interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a
predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from
the party selling such interest rate floor.
The Fund may enter into interest rate swaps, caps and floors on either an asset-based or
liability- based basis, depending on whether it is hedging its assets or its liabilities, and will
enter usually into interest rate swaps on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted
out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two
payments. Inasmuch as these hedging transactions are entered into for good faith risk management
purposes, the Adviser and the Fund believe such obligations do not constitute senior securities
and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to its investment restrictions on borrowing.
The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect
to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid
securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be
maintained in a segregated account by the Funds custodian. The creditworthiness of firms with
which the Fund enters into interest rate swaps, caps or floors will be monitored on an ongoing
basis by the Adviser pursuant to procedures adopted and reviewed, on an ongoing basis, by the Board
of Trustees of the Fund. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, the Fund will
have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.
New options and futures contracts and other financial products, and various combinations
thereof, continue to be developed and the Fund may invest in any such options, contracts and
products as may be developed to the extent consistent with its investment objective and the
regulatory requirements applicable to investment companies.
Options and Futures
General. The Fund may engage in futures and options transactions in accordance with its
investment objective and policies. The Fund intends to engage in such transactions if it appears
advantageous to the Adviser to do so in order to pursue its investment objective, to hedge against
the effects of market conditions and to stabilize the value of its assets. The use of futures and
options, and the possible benefits and attendant risks are discussed below, along with information
concerning certain other investment policies and techniques.
Financial Futures Contracts. The Fund may enter into financial futures contracts for the
future delivery of a financial instrument, such as a security, or the cash value of a securities
index. This investment technique is designed primarily to hedge (i.e., protect) against anticipated
future changes in market conditions which otherwise might adversely affect the value of securities
which the Fund holds or intends to purchase. A sale of a futures contract means the undertaking
of a contractual obligation to deliver the securities, or the cash value of an index, called for by
the contract at a specified price during a specified delivery period. A purchase of a futures
contract means the undertaking of a contractual obligation to acquire the securities, or cash value
of an index, at a specified price during a specified delivery period. At the time of delivery in
the case of fixed income securities pursuant to the contract, adjustments are made to recognize
differences in value arising from the delivery of securities with a different interest rate than
that specified in the contract. In some cases, securities called for by a futures contract may not
have been issued at the time the contract was written.
Although some financial futures contracts by their terms call for the actual delivery or
acquisition of securities, in most cases the contractual commitment is closed out before delivery
without having to make or take delivery of the security. The offsetting of a contractual obligation
is accomplished by purchasing (or selling, as the
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case may be) on a commodities exchange an identical futures contract calling for delivery in
the same period. Such a transaction cancels the obligation to make or take delivery of the
securities. All transactions in the futures market are made, offset or fulfilled through a clearing
house associated with the exchange on which the contracts are traded. The Fund will incur brokerage
fees when it purchases or sells contracts, and will be required to maintain margin deposits.
Futures contracts entail risks. If the Advisers judgment about the general direction of securities
markets or interest rates is wrong, the Funds overall performance may be poorer than if the Fund
had not entered into such contracts.
There may be an imperfect correlation between movements in prices of futures contracts and
portfolio securities being hedged. In addition, the market prices of futures contracts may be
affected by certain factors. If participants in the futures market elect to close out their
contracts through offsetting transactions rather than meet margin requirements, distortions in the
normal relationship between the securities and futures markets could result. Price distortions
could also result if investors in futures contracts decide to make or take delivery of underlying
securities rather than engage in closing transactions due to the resultant reduction in the
liquidity of the futures market. In addition, because from the point of view of speculators, the
margin requirements in the futures market may be less onerous than margin requirements in the cash
market, increased participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price
distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because of the
imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities and movements in the prices of
futures contracts, a correct forecast of market trends by the Adviser may still not result in a
successful hedging transaction. If this should occur, the Fund could lose money on the financial
futures contracts and also on the value of its portfolio securities.
Options on Financial Futures Contracts. The Fund may purchase and write call and put options
on financial futures contracts. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in
return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise
price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise, the writer of the option delivers
the futures contract to the holder at the exercise price. The Fund would be required to deposit
with its custodian initial margin and maintenance margin with respect to put and call options on
futures contracts written by it. Options on futures contracts involve risks similar to those risks
relating to transactions in financial futures contracts described above. Also, an option purchased
by the Fund may expire worthless, in which case the Fund would lose the premium paid therefor.
Options on Securities. The Fund may write covered call options so long as it owns securities
which are acceptable for escrow purposes and may write secured put options, which means that so
long as the Fund is obligated as a writer of a put option, it will invest an amount, not less than
the exercise price of the put option, in eligible securities. A call option gives the purchaser the
right to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price
during the option period. A put option gives the purchaser the right to sell, and the writer the
obligation to buy, the underlying security at the exercise price during the option period. The
premium received for writing an option will reflect, among other things, the current market price
of the underlying security, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price, the price
volatility of the underlying security, the option period, supply and demand and interest rates. The
Fund may write or purchase spread options, which are options for which the exercise price may be a
fixed dollar spread or yield spread between the security underlying the option and another security
that is used as a benchmark. The exercise price of an option may be below, equal to or above the
current market value of the underlying security at the time the option is written. The buyer of a
put who also owns the related security is protected by ownership of a put option against any
decline in that securitys price below the exercise price, less the amount paid for the option. At
times the Fund may wish to establish a position in a security upon which call options are
available. By purchasing a call option on such security the Fund would be able to fix the cost of
acquiring the security, this being the cost of the call plus the exercise price of the option. This
procedure also provides some protection from an unexpected downturn in the market, because the Fund
is only at risk for the amount of the premium paid for the call option which it can, if it chooses,
permit to expire.
Options on Securities Indices. The Fund also may purchase and write call and put options on
securities indices. Through the writing or purchase of index options, the Fund can achieve many of
the same objectives as through the use of options on individual securities. Options on securities
indices are similar to options on a security except that, rather than the right to take or make
delivery of a security at a specified price, an option on a securities index gives the holder the
right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the
securities index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less
than, in the case of a put,
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the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the
closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option. The writer of the option is
obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. Unlike options on
securities (which require, upon exercise, delivery of the underlying security), all settlements of
options on securities indices, upon exercise thereof, are in cash, and the gain or loss on an
option on an index depends on price movements in the market generally (or in a particular industry
or segment of the market on which the underlying index base) rather than price movements in
individual securities, as is the case with respect to options on securities.
When the Fund writes an option on a securities index. it will be required to deposit with its
custodian eligible securities equal in value to 100% of the exercise price in the case of a put, or
the contracts value in the case of a call. In addition, where the Fund writes a call option on a
securities index at a time when the contract value exceeds the exercise price, the Fund will
segregate, until the option expires or is closed out, cash or cash equivalents equal in value to
such excess.
Options on futures contracts and index options involve risks similar to those risks relating
to transactions in financial futures described above. Also, an option purchased by the Fund may
expire worthless, in which case the Fund would lose the premium paid therefor.
Over-the-Counter Options. As previously indicated in this Prospectus (see Investment
PracticesSecurities Options Transactions), the Fund may deal in OTC options. The Fund
understands the position of the staff of the SEC to be that purchased OTC options and the assets
used as cover for written OTC options are illiquid securities. The Fund and the Adviser disagree
with this position and have found the dealers with which they engage in OTC options transactions
generally agreeable to and capable of entering into closing transactions. As also indicated in
this Prospectus, the Fund has adopted procedures for engaging in OTC options for the purpose of
reducing any potential adverse impact of such transactions upon the liquidity of the Funds
portfolio.
As part of these procedures the Fund will only engage in OTC options transactions with primary
dealers that have been specifically approved by the Board of Trustees of the Fund. The Fund and its
Adviser believe that the approved dealers should be agreeable and able to enter into closing
transactions if necessary and, therefore, present minimal credit risks to the Fund. The Fund
anticipates entering into written agreements with those dealers to whom the Fund may sell OTC
options, pursuant to which the Fund would have the absolute right to repurchase the OTC options
from such dealers at any time at a price determined pursuant to a formula set forth in certain no
action letters published by the SEC staff. The Fund will not engage in OTC options transactions if
the amount invested by the Fund in OTC options plus, with respect to OTC options written by the
Fund, the amounts required to be treated as illiquid pursuant to the terms of such letters (and the
value of the assets used as cover with respect to OTC option sales which are not within the scope
of such letters), plus the amount invested by the Fund in illiquid securities, would exceed 20% of
the Funds total assets.
Regulatory Restrictions. To the extent required to comply with applicable SEC releases and
staff positions, when purchasing a futures contract or writing a put option, the Fund will
maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid high-grade securities equal to the value of such
contracts.
To the extent required to comply with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulations and
avoid commodity pool operator status, the Fund will not enter into a futures contract or purchase
an option thereon if immediately thereafter the initial margin deposits for futures contracts held
by the Fund plus premiums paid by it for open options on futures would exceed 5% of the Funds
total assets. The Fund will not engage in transactions in financial futures contracts or options
thereon for speculation, but only to attempt to hedge against changes in market conditions
affecting the values of securities which the Fund holds or intends to purchase. When futures
contracts or options thereon are purchased to protect against a price increase on securities
intended to be purchased later, it is anticipated that at least 75% of such intended purchases will
be completed. When other futures contracts or options thereon are purchased, the underlying value
of such contracts will at all times not exceed the sum of: (1) accrued profit on such contracts
held by the broker; (2) cash or high quality money market instruments set aside in an identifiable
manner; and (3) cash proceeds from investments due in 30 days.
Accounting and Tax Considerations. When the Fund writes an option, an amount equal to the
premium received by it is included in the Funds Statement of Assets and Liabilities as a
liability. The amount of the liability
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is subsequently marked to market to reflect the current market value of the option written.
When the Fund purchases an option, the premium paid by the Fund is recorded as an asset and is
subsequently adjusted to the current market value of the option.
In the case of a regulated futures contract purchased or sold by the Fund, an amount equal to
the initial margin deposit is recorded as an asset. The amount of the asset is subsequently
adjusted to reflect changes in the amount of the deposit as well as changes in the value of the
contract.
Certain listed options and futures contracts are considered section 1256 contracts for
federal income tax purposes. In general, gain or loss realized by the Fund on section 1256
contracts will be considered 60% long term and 40% short term capital gain or loss. Also, section
1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each taxable year (and at October 31 for purposes of
calculating the excise tax) will be marked to market, that is, treated for federal income tax
purposes as though sold for fair market value on the last business day of such taxable year. The
Fund can elect to exempt its section 1256 contracts which are part of a mixed straddle (as
described below) from the application of section 1256.
Gain or loss realized by the Fund upon the expiration or sale of certain over-the-counter put
and call options held by the Fund will be either long term or short term capital gain or loss
depending upon the Funds holding period with respect to such option. However, gain or loss
realized upon the expiration or closing out of such options that are written by the Fund will be
treated as short term capital gain or loss. In general, if the Fund exercises an option, or an
option that the Fund has written is exercised, gain or loss on the option will not be separately
recognized, but the premium received or paid will be included in the calculation of gain or loss
upon disposition of the property underlying the option.
Any security, option or futures contract, delayed delivery transaction, or other position
entered into or held by the Fund in conjunction with any other position held by the Fund may
constitute a straddle for federal income tax purposes. A straddle of which at least one, but not
all, of the positions are section 1256 contracts will constitute a mixed straddle. In general,
straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the character and timing of the Funds gains
and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that loss realized
on disposition of one position of a straddle be deferred to the extent of any unrealized gain in an
offsetting position until such position is disposed of; that the Funds holding period in certain
straddle positions not begin until the straddle is terminated (possibly resulting in gain being
treated as short term capital gain rather than long term capital gain); and that losses recognized
with respect to certain straddle positions, that would otherwise constitute short term capital
losses, be treated as long term capital losses. Different elections are available to the Fund which
may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules, particularly with respect to mixed straddles.
Invesco Van Kampen Municipal Trust (VKQ), Invesco Van Kampen Trust for Value Municipals (VIM)
and Invesco Van Kampen Ohio Quality Municipal Trust (VOQ)
Options and Futures
General. The Fund may engage in futures and options transactions in accordance with its
investment objective and policies. The Fund intends to engage in such transactions if it appears
advantageous to the Adviser to do so in order to pursue its investment objective, to hedge against
the effects of market conditions and to stabilize the value of its assets. The use of futures and
options, and the possible benefits and attendant risks are discussed below, along with information
concerning certain other investment policies and techniques.
In connection with the investment objective and policies described above, the Fund may engage
in interest rate and other hedging and risk management transactions; and purchase and sell options
on municipal securities and on indices based on municipal securities. These investment practices
entail risks. The Adviser may use some or all of the following hedging and risk management
practices when their use appears appropriate. Although the Adviser believes that these investment
practices may further the Funds investment objective, no assurance can be given that these
investment practices will achieve this result.
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Securities Options Transactions. The Fund may invest in options on municipal securities. Such
options are traded over-the-counter, although if options on municipal securities were to be listed
for trading on a national securities exchange the Fund may trade in exchange-listed options. In
general, the Fund may purchase and sell ( write) options on up to 20% of its assets. The Securities
and Exchange Commission (the SEC) requires that obligations of investment companies such as the
Fund, in connection with options sale positions, must comply with certain segregation or cover
requirements which are more fully described below. There is no limitation on the amount of the
Funds assets which can be used to comply with such segregation or cover requirements.
A call option gives the purchaser the right to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the
underlying security at the agreed upon exercise (or strike) price during the option period. A put
option gives the purchaser the right to sell, and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying
security at the strike price during the option period. Purchasers of options pay an amount, known
as a premium, to the option writer in exchange for the right under the option contract. Option
contracts may be written with terms which would permit the holder of the option to purchase or sell
the underlying security only upon the expiration date of the option.
The Fund may purchase put and call options in hedging transactions to protect against a
decline in the market value of municipal securities in the Funds portfolio (e.g., by the purchase
of a put option) and to protect against an increase in the cost of fixed income securities that the
Fund may seek to purchase in the future (e.g., by the purchase of a call option). In the event the
Fund purchases put and call options, paying premiums therefor, and price movements in the
underlying securities are such that exercise of the options would not be profitable for the Fund,
to the extent such underlying securities correlate in value to the Funds portfolio securities,
losses of the premiums paid may be offset by an increase in the value of the Funds portfolio
securities (in the case of a purchase of put options) or by a decrease in the cost of acquisition
of securities by the Fund (in the case of a purchase of call options).
The Fund may also sell put and call options as a means of increasing the yield on the Funds
portfolio and also as a means of providing limited protection against decreases in market value of
the Funds portfolio. When the Fund sells an option, if the underlying securities do not increase
(in the case of a call option) or decrease (in the case of a put option) to a price level that
would make the exercise of the option profitable to the holder of the option, the option generally
will expire without being exercised and the Fund will realize as profit the premium received for
such option. When a call option of which the Fund is the writer is exercised, the option holder
purchases the underlying security at the strike price and the Fund does not participate in any
increase in the price of such securities above the strike price. When a put option of which the
Fund is the writer is exercised, the Fund will be required to purchase the underlying securities at
the strike price, which may be in excess of the market value of such securities.
Over-the-counter options (OTC options) differ from exchange-traded options in several
respects. They are transacted directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation, and there
is a risk of non-performance by the dealer. OTC options are available for a greater variety of
securities and for a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices than for exchange-traded
options. Because OTC options are not traded on an exchange, pricing is normally done by reference
to information from a market maker, which information is carefully monitored by the Adviser and
verified in appropriate cases. The Fund may be required to treat certain of its OTC options
transactions as illiquid securities as described below.
It will generally be the Funds policy, in order to avoid the exercise of an option sold by
it, to cancel its obligation under the option by entering into a closing purchase transaction, if
available, unless it is determined to be in the Funds interest to sell (in the case of a call
option) or to purchase (in the case of a put option) the underlying securities. A closing purchase
transaction consists of the Fund purchasing an option having the same terms as the option sold by
the Fund and has the effect of cancelling the Funds position as a seller. The premium which the
Fund will pay in executing a closing purchase transaction may be higher than the premium received
when the option was sold, depending in large part upon the relative price of the underlying
security at the time of each transaction. To the extent options sold by the Fund are exercised and
the Fund either delivers portfolio securities to the holder of a call option or liquidates
securities in its portfolio as a source of funds to purchase securities put to the Fund, the Funds
portfolio turnover rate will increase, which would cause the Fund to incur additional brokerage
expenses.
During the option period the Fund, as a covered call writer, gives up the potential
appreciation above the exercise price should the underlying security rise in value, and the Fund,
as a secured put writer, retains the risk of
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loss should the underlying security decline in value. For the covered call writer, substantial
appreciation in the value of the underlying security would result in the security being called
away at the strike price of the option which may be substantially below the fair market value of
such security. For the secured put writer, substantial depreciation in the value of the underlying
security would result in the security being put to the writer at the strike price of the option
which may be substantially in excess of the fair market value of such security. If a covered call
option or a secured put option expires unexercised, the writer realizes a gain, and the buyer a
loss, in the amount of the premium.
To the extent that an active market exists or develops, whether on a national securities
exchange or over-the-counter, in options on indices based upon municipal securities, the
Fund may purchase and sell options on such indices, subject to the limitation that the Fund may
purchase and sell options on up to 20% of its assets. Through the writing or purchase of index
options the Fund can achieve many of the same objectives as through the use of options on
individual securities. Options on securities indices are similar to options on securities except
that, rather than the right to take or make delivery of a security at a specified price, an option
on a securities index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount
of cash if the closing level of the securities index upon which the option is based is greater
than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the strike price of the option.
Price movements in securities which the Fund owns or intends to purchase will not correlate
perfectly with movements in the level of an index and, therefore, the Fund bears the risk of a loss
on an index option which is not completely offset by movements in the price of such securities.
Because index options are settled in cash, a call writer cannot determine the amount of its
settlement obligations in advance and, unlike call writing on specific securities, cannot provide
in advance for, or cover, its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the
underlying securities.
Income earned or deemed to be earned, if any, by the Fund from transactions in securities
options will be taxable income of the Fund. Under a revenue ruling issued by the Service, the Fund
is required to allocate net capital gains and other taxable income, if any, among Common Shares and
Preferred Shares on a pro rata basis for the year in which such net capital gains or other taxable
income is realized. For a further discussion of certain characteristics of options and risks
associated with options transaction, see below.
Interest Rate and Other Hedging Transactions. In order to seek to protect the value of its
portfolio securities against declines resulting from changes in interest rates or other market
changes, the Fund may enter into various hedging transactions, such as financial futures contracts
and related options contracts.
The Fund may enter into various interest rate hedging transactions using financial instruments
with a high degree of correlation to the municipal securities which the Fund may purchase for its
portfolio, including interest rate futures contracts in such financial instruments (e.g., futures
contracts on U.S. Treasury securities) and interest rate related indices (e.g., municipal bond
indices), put and call options on such futures contracts and on such financial instruments. The
Fund expects to enter into these transactions to lock in a return or spread on a particular
investment or portion of its portfolio, to protect against any increase in the price of securities
the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, or for other risk management strategies such as
managing the effective dollar weighted average duration of the Funds portfolio. Financial futures
and options contracts and the risks attendant to the Funds use thereof are more completely
described below. The successful utilization of hedging and risk management transactions requires
skills different from those needed in the selection of the Funds portfolio securities. The Adviser
currently actively manages approximately $[ ] billion of assets for mutual funds and closed-end
management investment companies, the majority of which is invested in fixed-income instruments, and
actively utilizes various hedging techniques in connection therewith. The Fund believes that the
Adviser possesses the skills necessary for the successful utilization of hedging and risk
management transactions.
The Fund will not engage in the foregoing transactions for speculative purposes, but only as a
means to hedge risks associated with management of the Funds portfolio. Typically, investments in
futures contracts and sales of futures options contracts require the Fund to deposit in a custodial
account a good faith deposit, known as initial margin, in connection with its obligations in an
amount of cash or specified debt securities which generally is equal to 1%-15% of the face amount
of the contract, which initial margin requirement may be revised periodically by the applicable
exchange as the volatility of the contract fluctuates. Thereafter, the Fund must make additional
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deposits with the applicable financial intermediary equal to any net losses due to unfavorable
price movements of the contract, and will be credited with an amount equal to any net gains due to
favorable price movements. These additional deposits or credits are calculated and required daily
and are known as variation margin.
The SEC generally requires that when investment companies, such as the Fund, effect
transactions of the foregoing nature, such funds must either segregate cash or high quality,
readily marketable portfolio securities with its custodian or financial intermediary in the amount
of its obligations under the foregoing transactions, or cover such obligations by maintaining
positions in portfolio securities, futures contracts or options that would serve to satisfy or
offset the risk of such obligations. When effecting transactions of the foregoing nature, the Fund
will comply with such segregation or cover requirements. There is no limitation as to the
percentage of the Funds assets which may be segregated with respect to such transactions.
The Fund will not enter into a futures contract or related option, if, immediately after such
investment, the sum of the amount of its initial margin deposits and premiums on open contracts and
options would exceed 5% of the Funds total assets at current value. The Fund may, however, invest
more than such amount in the future if it obtains authority to do so from the appropriate
regulatory agencies without rendering the Fund a commodity pool operator or adversely affecting its
status as an investment company for federal securities law or income tax purposes.
All of the foregoing transactions present certain risks. In particular, the variable degree of
correlation between price movements of futures contracts and price movements in the securities
being hedged creates the possibility that losses on the hedge may be greater than gains in the
value of the Funds securities. In addition, these instruments may not be liquid in all
circumstances and generally are closed out by entering into offsetting transactions rather than by
delivery or cash settlement at maturity. As a result, in volatile markets, the Fund may not be able
to close out a transaction without incurring losses. Although the contemplated use of those
contracts should tend to reduce the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged
security, at the same time the use of these contracts could tend to limit any potential gain which
might result from an increase in the value of such security. Finally, the daily deposit
requirements for futures contracts and sales of futures options contracts create an ongoing greater
potential financial risk than do option purchase transactions, where the exposure is limited to the
cost of the premium for the option.
Successful use of futures contracts and options thereon by the Fund is subject to the ability
of the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest rates and other factors
affecting markets for securities. If the Advisers expectations are not met, the Fund would be in a
worse position than if a hedging strategy had not been pursued. For example, if the Fund has hedged
against the possibility of an increase in interest rates which would adversely affect the price of
securities in its portfolio and the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will lose
part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its securities because it will have offsetting
losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash
to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities to meet such
requirements. Such sales of securities may be, but will not necessarily be, at increased prices
which reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it is
disadvantageous to do so.
In addition to engaging in transactions utilizing options on futures contracts, the Fund may
purchase put and call options on securities and, as developed from time to time, on interest
indices and other instruments. Purchasing options may increase investment flexibility and improve
total return, but also risks loss of the option premium if an asset the Fund has the option to buy
declines in value or if an asset the Fund has the option to sell increases in value.
To the extent permitted by applicable regulatory authority, the Fund also may enter into
various other hedging transactions, such as interest rate swaps and the purchase or sale of
interest rate caps and floors. The Fund expects to enter into these transactions primarily to
preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio or to protect
against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date.
The Fund intends to use these transactions as a hedge and not as a speculative investment. The Fund
will not sell interest rate caps or floors that it does not own. Interest rate swaps involve the
exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest,
e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments. The purchase of an interest
rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified
C-16
index exceeds a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional
principal amount (the reference amount with respect to which interest obligations are determined,
although no actual exchange of principal occurs) from the party selling such interest rate cap. The
purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index
falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal
amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The Fund will not enter into swaps, caps or
floors if, on a net basis, the aggregate notional principal amount with respect to such agreements
exceeds the net assets of the Fund.
Inasmuch as these hedging transactions are entered into for good-faith risk management
purposes, the Adviser and the Fund believe such obligations do not constitute senior securities.
The staff of the SEC is presently considering its position with respect to swaps, caps and floors
as senior securities. Pending a determination by the staff, the Fund will either treat swaps, caps
and floors as being subject to its senior securities restrictions or will refrain from engaging in
swaps, caps and floors. Once the staff has expressed a position with respect to swaps, caps and
floors, the Fund intends to engage in swaps, caps and floors, if at all, in a manner consistent
with such position. The Fund will usually enter into interest rate swaps on a net basis, i.e.,
where the two parties make net payments with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only
the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations
over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued and an amount of cash
or liquid securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will
be designated on the Funds books. If the Fund enters into a swap on other than a net basis, the
Fund will designate on the Funds books the full amount of the Funds obligations under each such
swap. The Fund may enter into swaps, caps and floors with member banks of the Federal Reserve
System, members of the New York Stock Exchange or other entities determined by the Adviser,
pursuant to procedures adopted and reviewed on an ongoing basis by the Board of Trustees, to be
creditworthy. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, the Fund will have
contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction but such remedies may be
subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws which could affect the Funds rights as a creditor. The
swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and financial
services firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation.
As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid. Caps and floors are more recent
innovations and they are less liquid than swaps. There can be no assurance, however, that the Fund
will be able to enter into interest rate swaps or to purchase interest rate caps or floors at
prices or on terms the Adviser believes are advantageous to the Fund. In addition, although the
terms of interest rate swaps, caps and floors may provide for termination, there can be no
assurance that the Fund will be able to terminate an interest rate swap or to sell or offset
interest rate caps or floors that it has purchased. Payments received on transactions in swaps,
caps or floors will generally constitute taxable income or gains to the Fund.
New options and futures contracts and other financial products, and various combinations
thereof, continue to be developed and the Fund may invest in any such options, contracts and
products as may be developed to the extent consistent with its investment objective and the
regulatory requirements applicable to investment companies.
Income earned or deemed to be earned, if any, by the Fund from its hedging activities, will be
taxable income of the Fund. Such income will be allocated to both the Common Shares and the
Preferred Shares.
Financial Futures Contracts. The Fund may enter into financial futures contracts for the
future delivery of a financial instrument, such as a security, or the cash value of a securities
index. This investment technique is designed primarily to hedge (i.e., protect) against anticipated
future changes in market conditions which otherwise might adversely affect the value of securities
which the Fund holds or intends to purchase. A sale of a futures contract means the undertaking
of a contractual obligation to deliver the securities, or the cash value of an index, called for by
the contract at a specified price during a specified delivery period. A purchase of a futures
contract means the undertaking of a contractual obligation to acquire the securities, or cash value
of an index, at a specified price during a specified delivery period. At the time of delivery, in
the case of fixed income securities pursuant to the contract, adjustments are made to recognize
differences in value arising from the delivery of securities with a different interest rate than
that specified in the contract. In some cases, securities called for by a futures contract may not
have been issued at the time the contract was written.
Although some financial futures contracts by their terms call for the actual delivery or
acquisition of securities, in most cases the contractual commitment is closed out before delivery
without having to make or take delivery of the security. The offsetting of a contractual obligation
is accomplished by purchasing (or selling, as the
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case may be) on a commodities exchange an identical futures contract calling for delivery in
the same period. Such a transaction cancels the obligation to make or take delivery of the
securities. All transactions in the futures market are made, offset or fulfilled through a clearing
house associated with the exchange on which the contracts are traded. The Fund will incur brokerage
fees when it purchases or sells contracts, and will be required to maintain margin deposits.
Futures contracts entail risk. If the Advisers judgment about the general direction of securities
markets or interest rates is wrong, the Funds overall performance may be poorer than if the Fund
had not entered into such contracts.
There may be an imperfect correlation between movements in prices of futures contracts and
portfolio securities being hedged. In addition, the market prices of futures contracts may be
affected by certain factors. If participants in the futures market elect to close out their
contracts through offsetting transactions rather than meet margin requirements, distortions in the
normal relationship between the securities and futures markets could result. Price distortions
could also result if investors in futures contracts decide to make or take delivery of underlying
securities rather than engage in closing transactions due to the resultant reduction in the
liquidity of the futures market. In addition, because from the point of view of speculators, the
margin requirements in the futures market may be less onerous than margin requirements in the cash
market, increased participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price
distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because of the
imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities and movements in the prices of
futures contracts, a correct forecast of market trends by the Adviser may still not result in a
successful hedging transaction. If this should occur, the Fund could lose money on the financial
futures contracts and also on the value of its portfolio securities.
Options on Financial Futures Contracts. The Fund may purchase and write call and put options
on financial futures contracts. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in
return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise
price at any time during the period specified in the terms of the option. Upon exercise, the writer
of the option delivers the futures contract to the holder at the exercise price. The Fund would be
required to deposit with its custodian initial margin and maintenance margin with respect to put
and call options on futures contracts written by it. Options on futures contracts involve risks
similar to those risks relating to transactions in financial futures contracts described above.
Also, an option purchased by the Fund may expire worthless, in which case the Fund would lose the
premium paid therefor.
Options on Securities. The Fund may write covered call options so long as it owns securities
which are acceptable for escrow purposes and may write secured put options, which means that so
long as the Fund is obligated as a writer of a put option, it will invest an amount, not less than
the exercise price of the put option, in eligible securities. A call option gives the purchaser the
right to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price
during the period specified in the terms of the option. A put option gives the purchaser the right
to sell, and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying security at the exercise price during
the period specified in the terms of the option. The premium received for writing an option will
reflect, among other things, the current market price of the underlying security, the relationship
of the exercise price to the market price, the price volatility of the underlying security, the
option period, supply and demand and interest rates. The Fund may write or purchase spread options,
which are options for which the exercise price may be a fixed dollar spread or yield spread between
the security underlying the option and another security that is used as a benchmark. The exercise
price of an option may be below, equal to or above the current market value of the underlying
security at the time the option is written. The buyer of a put who also owns the related security
is protected by ownership of a put option against any decline in that securitys price below the
exercise price, less the amount paid for the option. At times the Fund may wish to establish a
position in a security upon which call options are available. By purchasing a call option on such
security the Fund would be able to fix the cost of acquiring the security, this being the cost of
the call plus the exercise price of the option. This procedure also provides some protection from
an unexpected downturn in the market, because the Fund is only at risk for the amount of the
premium paid for the call option which it can, if it chooses, permit to expire.
Options on Securities Indices. The Fund also may purchase and write call and put options on
securities indices. Through the writing or purchase of index options, the Fund can achieve many of
the same objectives as through the use of options on individual securities. Options on securities
indices are similar to options on a security except that, rather than the right to take or make
delivery of a security at a specified price, an option on a securities index gives the holder the
right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the
C-18
securities index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or
less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to
the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option. The
writer of the option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this
amount. Unlike options on securities (which require, upon exercise, delivery of the underlying
security), settlements of options on securities indices, upon exercise thereof, are in cash, and
the gain or loss on an option on an index depends on price movements in the market generally (or in
a particular industry or segment of the market on which the underlying index base) rather than
price movements in individual securities, as is the case with respect to options on securities.
When the Fund writes an option on a securities index, it will be required to deposit with its
custodian eligible securities equal in value to 100% of the exercise price in the case of a put, or
the contracts value in the case of a call. In addition, where the Fund writes a call option on a
securities index at a time when the contract value exceeds the exercise price, the Fund will
segregate, until the option expires or is closed out, cash or cash equivalents equal in value to
such excess.
Options on securities and index options involve risks similar to those risks relating to
transactions in financial futures described above. Also, an option purchased by the Fund may expire
worthless, in which case the Fund would lose the premium paid therefor.
Over-the-Counter Options. As previously indicated in this Prospectus (see Investment
PracticesSecurities Options Transactions), the Fund may deal in OTC options. The Fund
understands the position of the staff of the SEC to be that purchased OTC options and the assets
used as cover for written OTC options arc illiquid securities. The Fund and the Adviser disagree
with this position and have found the dealers with which they engage in OTC options transactions
generally agreeable to and capable of entering into closing transactions. The Fund has adopted
procedures for engaging in OTC options for the purpose of reducing any potential adverse impact of
such transactions upon the liquidity of the Funds portfolio.
As part of these procedures the Fund will only engage in OTC options transactions with respect
to U.S. government securities with primary dealers that have been specifically approved by the
Board of Trustees of the Fund. The Fund will engage in OTC options transactions with respect to
municipal securities only with dealers that have been specifically approved by the Board of
Trustees. The Fund and its Adviser believe that the approved dealers should be agreeable and able
to enter into closing transactions as necessary and, therefore, present minimal credit risks to the
Fund. The Fund anticipates entering into written agreements with those dealers to whom the Fund may
sell OTC options, pursuant to which the Fund would have the absolute right to repurchase the OTC
options from such dealers at any time at a price with respect to U.S. government securities
determined pursuant to a formula set forth in certain no action letters published by the SEC staff.
The Fund will not engage in OTC options transactions if the amount invested by the Fund in OTC
options, plus, with respect to OTC options written by the Fund, the amounts required to be treated
as illiquid pursuant to the terms of such letters (and the value of the assets used as cover with
respect to OTC option sales which are not within the scope of such letters), plus the amount
invested by the Fund in illiquid securities, would exceed 15% of the Funds total assets. OTC
options on securities other than U.S. government securities, including options on municipal
securities, may not be within the scope of such letters and, accordingly, the amount invested by
the Fund in OTC options on such other securities and the value of the assets used as cover with
respect to OTC option sales regarding such non-U.S. government securities will be treated as
illiquid and subject to the 15% limitation on the Funds assets which may be invested in illiquid
securities.
Regulatory Restrictions. To the extent required to comply with applicable SEC releases and
staff positions, when purchasing a futures contract or writing a put option, the Fund will
designate on the Funds books cash or liquid high-grade securities equal to the value of such
contracts.
To the extent required to comply with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulations and
avoid commodity pool operator status, the Fund will not enter into a futures contract or purchase
an option thereon if immediately thereafter the initial margin deposits for futures contracts held
by the Fund plus premiums paid by it for open options on futures would exceed 5% of the Funds
total assets. The Fund will not engage in transactions in financial futures contracts or options
thereon for speculation, but only to attempt to hedge against changes in market conditions
affecting the values of securities which the Fund holds or intends to purchase. When futures
contracts or options thereon are purchased to protect against a price increase on securities
intended to be purchased later, it is
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anticipated that at least 75% of such intended purchases will be completed. When other futures
contracts or options thereon are purchased, the underlying value of such contracts will at all
times not exceed the sum of: (1) accrued profit on such contracts held by the broker; (2) cash or
high quality money market instruments set aside in an identifiable manner; and (3) cash proceeds
from investments due in 30 days.
Accounting and Tax Considerations. When the Fund writes an option, an amount equal to the
premium received by it is included in the Funds Statement of Assets and Liabilities as a
liability. The amount of the liability is subsequently marked to market to reflect the current
market value of the option written. When the Fund purchases an option, the premium paid by the Fund
is recorded as an asset and is subsequently adjusted to the current market value of the option.
In the case of a regulated futures contract purchased or sold by the Fund, an amount equal to
the initial margin deposit is recorded as an asset. The amount of the asset is subsequently
adjusted to reflect changes in the amount of the deposit as well as changes in the value of the
contract.
Certain listed options and futures contracts are considered section 1256 contracts for
Federal income tax purposes. In general, gain or loss realized by the Fund on section 1256
contracts will be considered 60% long term and 40% short term capital gain or loss. Also, section
1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each taxable year (and at October 31 for purposes of
calculating the excise tax) will be marked to market, that is, treated for Federal income tax
purposes as though sold for fair market value on the last business day of such taxable year. The
Fund can elect to exempt its section 1256 contracts which are part of a mixed straddle (as
described below) from the application of section 1256.
Gain or loss realized by the Fund upon the expiration or sale of certain over-the-counter put
and call options held by the Fund will be either long term or short term capital gain or loss
depending upon the Funds holding period with respect to such option. However, gain or loss
realized upon the expiration or closing out of such options that are written by the Fund will be
treated as short term capital gain or loss. In general, if the Fund exercises an option, or an
option that the Fund has written is exercised, gain or loss on the option will not be separately
recognized, but the premium received or paid will be included in the calculation of gain or loss
upon disposition of the property underlying the option.
Any security, option or futures contract, delayed delivery transaction, or other position
entered into or held by the Fund in conjunction with any other position held by the Fund may
constitute a straddle for Federal income tax purposes. A straddle of which at least one, but not
all, the positions are section 1256 contracts will constitute a mixed straddle. In general,
straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the character and timing of the Funds gains
and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that loss realized
on disposition of one position of a straddle be deferred to the extent of any unrealized gain in an
offsetting position until such position is disposed of; that the Funds holding period in certain
straddle positions not begin until the straddle is terminated (possibly resulting in gain being
treated as short term capital gain rather than long term capital gain); and that losses recognized
with respect to certain straddle positions, that would otherwise constitute short term capital
losses, be treated as long term capital losses. Different elections are available to the Fund which
may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules, particularly with respect to mixed straddles.
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APPENDIX D
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
D-1
APPENDIX E
MANAGEMENT FEES
E-1
APPENDIX F
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES FEES
F-1
APPENDIX G
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
G-1
APPENDIX H
BROKERAGE COMMISSIONS
H-1
APPENDIX I
DIRECTED BROKERAGE (RESEARCH SERVICES) AND PURCHASES OF SECURITIES OF
REGULAR BROKERS OR DEALERS
I-1
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 15. Indemnification.
Declaration of Trust
The Trustees shall provide for indemnification by the Trust of any person who is, or has been, a
Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust against all liability and against all expenses
reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in
which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Trustee,
officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof,
in such manner as the Trustees may provide from time to time in the By-Laws.
The words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or
proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including appeals), actual or threatened; and the words
liability and expenses shall include without limitation, attorneys fees, costs, judgments,
amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
By-Laws
(a) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Trust) by reason of
the fact that he is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust. The indemnification
shall be against expenses, including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, and amounts paid in
settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit, or
proceeding, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding,
had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or
proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its
equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith
and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that
his conduct was unlawful.
(b) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or on behalf of the Trust to obtain a
judgment or decree in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a Trustee, officer,
employee, or agent of the Trust. The indemnification shall be against expenses, including
attorneys fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or
settlement of the action or suit, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed
to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust; except that no indemnification shall be
made in respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which the person has been adjudged to be
liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duty to the Trust, except to the
extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought, or a court of equity in the county
in which the Trust has its principal office, determines upon application that, despite the
adjudication of liability but in view of all circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and
reasonably entitled to indemnity for those expenses which the court shall deem proper, provided
such Trustee, officer, employee or agent is not adjudged to be liable by reason of his willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office.
(c) To the extent that a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust has been successful on
the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsection (a)
or (b) or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against
expenses, including attorneys fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection
therewith.
(d) (1) Unless a court orders otherwise, any indemnification under subsections (a) or (b) of this
section may be made by the Trust only as authorized in the specific case after a determination that
indemnification of the Trustee, officer, employee, or agent is proper in the circumstances because
he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in subsections (a) or (b). (2) The
determination shall be made: (i) By the Trustees, by a majority vote of a quorum which consists of
Trustees who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding; or (ii) If the required quorum is
not obtainable, or if a quorum of disinterested Trustees so directs, by independent legal counsel
in a written opinion; or (iii) By the Shareholders. (3) Notwithstanding any provision of this
Section 4.8, no person shall be entitled to indemnification for any liability, whether or not there
is an adjudication of liability, arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence, or reckless disregard of duties as described in Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (disabling conduct). A person shall be deemed not liable by reason of
disabling conduct if, either: (i) a final decision on the merits is made by a court or other body
before whom the proceeding was brought that the person to be indemnified (indemnitee) was not
liable by reason of disabling conduct; or (ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable
determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the indemnitee was not liable by reason of
disabling conduct, is made by either: (A) a majority of a quorum of Trustees who are neither
interested persons of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of
1940, nor parties to the action, suit or proceeding, or (B) an independent legal counsel in a
written opinion.
(e) Expenses, including attorneys fees, incurred by a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the
Trust in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding may be paid by the Trust in
advance of the final disposition thereof if: (1) authorized in the specific case by the Trustees;
and (2) the Trust receives an undertaking by or on behalf of the Trustee, officer, employee or
agent of the Trust to repay the advance if it is not ultimately determined that such person is
entitled to be indemnified by the Trust; and (3) either: (i) such person provides a security for
his undertaking, or (ii) the Trust is insured against losses by reason of any lawful advances, or
(iii) a determination, based on a review of readily available facts, that there is reason to
believe that such person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification, is made by either:
(A) a majority of a quorum which consists of Trustees who are neither interested persons of the
Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, nor parties to the action, suit or
proceeding, or (B) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(f) The indemnification provided by this Section shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights
to which a person may be entitled under any by-law, agreement, vote of Shareholders or
disinterested Trustees or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in
another capacity while holding the office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be
a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent and inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and
administrators of such person; provided that no person may satisfy any right of indemnity or
reimbursement granted herein or to which he may be otherwise entitled except out of the property of
the Trust, and no Shareholder shall be personally liable with respect to any claim for indemnity or
reimbursement or otherwise.
(g) The Trust may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Trustee,
officer, employee, or agent of the Trust, against any liability asserted against him and incurred
by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such. However, in no event will the
Trust purchase insurance to indemnify any officer or Trustee against liability for any act for
which the Trust itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
(h) Nothing contained in this Section shall be construed to protect any Trustee or officer of the
Trust against any liability to the Trust or to its security holders to which he would otherwise be
subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Item 16. Exhibits.
(1) |
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Copies of the charter of the Registrant as now in effect; |
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(a) |
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Declaration of Trust dated March 12, 1992 will be filed by amendment. |
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(b) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated July 1, 1992 will be filed by
amendment. |
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(c) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated December 21, 1998 will be filed by
amendment. |
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(d) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated December 20, 2001 will be filed by
amendment. |
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(e) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated January 8, 2010 will be filed by
amendment. |
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(f) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated May 21, 2010 will be filed by
amendment. |
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(g) |
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Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated March 16, 2011 will be filed by
amendment. |
(2) |
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Copies of the existing bylaws or corresponding instrument of the Registrant; |
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(a) |
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Amended and Restated Bylaws dated June 19, 2009 is incorporated into this
filing by reference to the Registrants Form NSAR-B filed on December 30, 2009. |
(3) |
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Copies of any voting trust agreement affecting more than 5 percent of any class of equity
securities of the Registrant; |
(4) |
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Copies of the agreement of acquisition, reorganization, merger, liquidation and any
amendments to it; |
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(a) |
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Form of Agreement and Plan of Redomestication by and among the Registrant will
be filed by amendment. |
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(b) |
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Form of Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among the Registrant will be filed
by amendment. |
(5) |
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Copies of all instruments defining the rights of holders of the securities being registered
including, where applicable, the relevant portion of the articles of incorporation or by-laws
of the Registrant; |
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(a) |
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Articles IV and IX of the Restated and Amended Declaration of Trust. |
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(b) |
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Articles II, VIII and IX of the Amended and Restated Bylaws. |
(6) |
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Copies of all investment advisory contracts relating to the management of the assets of the
Registrant; |
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(a) |
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Master Investment Advisory Agreement, dated June 1, 2010, between the
Registrant and Invesco Advisers, Inc. is incorporated into this filing by reference to
Registrants Form NSAR-B filed on December 30, 2010. |
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(b) |
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Master Intergroup Sub-Advisory Contract for Mutual Funds, dated May 1, 2008
between Invesco Advisers, Inc., on behalf of Registrant, and each of Invesco Asset
Management Deutschland GmbH, Invesco Asset Management Ltd., Invesco Asset Management
(Japan) Limited, Invesco Australia Limited, Invesco Hong Kong Limited, Invesco Senior
Secured Management, Inc. and Invesco Trimark Ltd. Is incorporated into this filing by
reference to Registrants Form NSAR-B filed on December 30, 2010. |
(7) |
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Copies of each underwriting or distribution contract between the Registrant and a principal
underwriter, and specimens or copies of all agreements between principal underwriters and
dealers; |
(8) |
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Copies of all bonus, profit sharing, pension, or other similar contracts or arrangements
wholly or partly for the benefit of trustees or officers of the Registrant in their capacity
as such. Furnish a reasonably detailed description of any plan that is not set forth in a
formal document; |
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(a) |
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Form of AIM Funds Retirement Plan for Eligible Directors/Trustees, as approved
by the Board of Directors/Trustees on December 31, 2010 is incorporated into this
filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to AIM Investment Funds
(Invesco Investment Funds)s registration statement filed on September 23, 2011. |
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(b) |
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Form of Invesco Funds Trustee Deferred Compensation Agreement as approved by
the Board of Directors/Trustees on December 31, 2010 is incorporated into this filing
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to AIM Investment Funds (Invesco
Investment Funds)s registration statement filed on September 23, 2011. |
(9) |
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Copies of all custodian agreements and depository contracts under Section 17(f) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) for securities and similar
investments of the Registrant, including the schedule of remuneration; |
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(a) |
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Amended and Restated Master Custodian Contract, dated June 1, 2010, between
Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company is incorporated into this filing by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 97 to AIM Investment Funds (Invesco
Investment Funds)s registration statement filed on July 16, 2010. |
(10) |
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Copies of any plan entered into by Registrant pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act and
any agreements with any person relating to implementation of the plan, and copies of any plan
entered into by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act, any agreement with
any person relating to implementation of the plan, any amendment to the plan, and a copy of
the portion of the minutes of the meeting of the Registrants trustees describing any action
taken to revoke the plan; |
(11) |
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An opinion and consent of counsel as to the legality of the securities being registered,
indicating whether they will, when sold, be legally issued, fully paid and nonassessable; |
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(a) |
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Consent of Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP is filed herewith. |
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(a) |
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Opinion of Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP will be filed by amendment. |
(12) |
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An opinion, and consent to their use, of counsel or, in lieu of an opinion, a copy of the
revenue ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, supporting the tax matters and consequences
to shareholders discussed in the prospectus; |
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(a) |
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Opinion of Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, supporting the tax matters and
consequences to shareholders will be filed by amendment. |
(13) |
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Copies of all material contracts of the Registrant not made in the ordinary course of
business which are to be performed in whole or in part on or after the date of filing the
registration statement; |
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(a) |
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Memorandum of Agreement, regarding expense limitations, dated July 18, 2011,
between Registrant (on behalf of certain Funds) and Invesco Advisers, Inc. is
incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to AIM
Investment Funds (Invesco Investment Funds)s registration statement filed on September
23, 2011. |
(14) |
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Copies of any other opinions, appraisals, or rulings, and consents to their use, relied on in
preparing the registration statement and required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act; |
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(a) |
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Consent of [ ], the Registrants independent registered public
accountant, will be filed by amendment. |
(15) |
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All financial statements omitted pursuant to Item 14(a)(1); |
(16) |
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Manually signed copies of any power of attorney pursuant to which the name of any person has
been signed to the registration statement; and |
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(a) |
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Power of Attorney for David C. Arch, Frank S. Bayley, James T. Bunch, Bruce L.
Crockett, Rodney Dammeyer, Albert R. Dowden, Jack M. Fields, Martin L. Flanagan, Prema
Mathai-Davis, Larry Soll, Hugo F. Sonnenschein, Raymond Stickel, Jr., Phil A. Taylor
and Wayne W. Whalen is filed herewith. |
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(b) |
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Power of Attorney for Carl Frischling is filed herewith. |
(17) |
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Any additional exhibits which the Registrant may wish to file. |
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(a) |
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Form of Proxy Cards relating to Special Meeting of Shareholders are filed herewith. |
Item 17. Undertakings.
(1) |
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The undersigned Registrant agrees that prior to any public reoffering of the securities
registered through the use of a prospectus which is a part of this registration statement by
any person or party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c) of
the Securities Act [17 CRF 203.145C], the reoffering prospectus will contain the information
called for by the applicable registration form for reofferings by persons who may be deemed
underwriters, in addition to the information called for by the other items of the applicable
form. |
(2) |
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The undersigned Registrant agrees that every prospectus that is filled under paragraph (1)
above will be filed as a part of an amendment to the registration statement and will not be
used until the amendment is effective, and that, in determining any liability under the 1933
Act, each post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement for the
securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to
be the initial bona fide offering of them. |
(3) |
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The undersigned Registrant undertakes to file an opinion of counsel supporting the tax
matters and consequences to shareholders discussed will be filed by Post-Effective Amendment. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has
duly caused this Registration Statement on Form N-14 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereto duly authorized, in the City of Houston, State of Texas, on
the 5th day of April, 2012.
Registrant: Invesco Quality Municipal Income Trust
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By: |
/s/ Philip A. Taylor
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Philip A. Taylor, President |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement on
Form N-14 has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
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SIGNATURES |
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TITLE |
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DATE |
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|
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/s/ Philip A. Taylor
(Philip A. Taylor)
|
|
Trustee & President
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ David C. Arch*
(David C. Arch)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Frank S. Bayley*
(Frank S. Bayley)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ James T. Bunch*
(James T. Bunch)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Bruce L. Crockett*
(Bruce L. Crockett)
|
|
Chair & Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Rodney F. Dammeyer*
(Rodney F. Dammeyer)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Albert R. Dowden*
(Albert R. Dowden)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
SIGNATURES |
|
TITLE |
|
DATE |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jack M. Fields*
(Jack M. Fields)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Martin L. Flanagan*
(Martin L. Flanagan)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Carl Frischling*
(Carl Frischling)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Prema Mathai-Davis*
(Prema Mathai-Davis)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Larry Soll*
(Larry Soll)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Hugo F. Sonnenschein*
(Hugo F. Sonnenschein)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Raymond Stickel, Jr.*
(Raymond Stickel, Jr.)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Wayne W. Whalen*
(Wayne W. Whalen)
|
|
Trustee
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vice President & Treasurer
|
|
April 5, 2012 |
/s/ Sheri Morris
(Sheri Morris)
|
|
(Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*By:
|
|
/s/ Philip A. Taylor
Philip A. Taylor
|
|
|
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact |
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Philip A. Taylor, pursuant to powers of attorney dated November 30, 2011, filed herewith. |
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
EXHIBIT |
|
|
NO. |
|
EXHIBIT |
11(a)
|
|
Consent of Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP |
|
|
|
16(a)
|
|
Powers of Attorney |
|
|
|
16(b)
|
|
Powers of Attorney |
|
|
|
17
|
|
Form of Proxy Cards |