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Fair Value Measurements and Derivative Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative instruments disclosure  
Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments that are not Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis
The estimated fair value of our financial instruments that are not measured at fair value, categorized based upon the fair value hierarchy, are as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019
DescriptionTotal Carrying AmountTotal Fair Value
Level 1(1)
Level 2(2)
Level 3(3)
Total Carrying AmountTotal Fair Value
Level 1(1)
Level 2(2)
Level 3(3)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents(4)$3,684,474 $3,684,474 $3,684,474 — — $243,738 $243,738 $243,738 — — 
Total Assets$3,684,474 $3,684,474 $3,684,474 $— $— $243,738 $243,738 $243,738 $— $— 
Liabilities:
Long-term debt (including current portion of long-term debt)(5)$18,706,359 $20,981,040 — $20,981,040 — $9,370,438 $10,059,055 — $10,059,055 — 
Total Liabilities$18,706,359 $20,981,040 $— $20,981,040 $— $9,370,438 $10,059,055 $— $10,059,055 $— 
___________________________________________________________________
(1)Inputs based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Valuation of these items does not entail a significant amount of judgment.
(2)Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the liability, either directly or indirectly. For unsecured revolving credit facilities and unsecured term loans, fair value is determined utilizing the income valuation approach. This valuation model takes into account the contract terms of our debt such as the debt maturity and the interest rate on the debt. The valuation model also takes into account the creditworthiness of the Company.
(3)Inputs that are unobservable. The Company did not use any Level 3 inputs as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
(4)Consists of cash and marketable securities with original maturities of less than 90 days.
(5)Consists of unsecured revolving credit facilities, senior notes, senior debentures, term loans and convertible notes. These amounts do not include our capital lease obligations or commercial paper.
The following table presents information about the Company’s nonfinancial instruments recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis (in thousands):

Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2020 Using
DescriptionTotal Carrying AmountTotal Fair ValueLevel 3Total Impairment for the year ended December 31, 2020
Silversea Goodwill(1)508,578 508,578 508,578 576,208 
Indefinite-life intangible asset(2)318,700 318,700 318,700 30,800 
Long-lived assets(3)577,193 577,193 577,193 727,063 
Right-of-use assets(4)67,265 67,265 67,265 65,909 
Equity-method investments(5)— — — 39,735 
Total1,471,736 1,471,736 1,471,736 1,439,715 
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1) We estimated the fair value of the Silversea Cruises reporting unit using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model in combination with a market based valuation approach. The principal assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model were (i) the timing of our return to service, changes in market conditions and port or other restrictions; (ii) forecasted net revenues, primarily the timing of returning to normalized operations, occupancy rates from existing and expected ship deliveries, including options, and terminal growth rate; and (iii) weighted average cost of capital (i.e., discount rate). The discounted cash flow model used our 2020 projected operating results as a base. To that base we added future years’ cash flows through 2030 assuming multiple revenue and expense scenarios that reflect the impact of different global economic environments for this period on the Silversea Cruises' reporting unit. We assigned a probability to each revenue and expense scenario. We discounted the projected cash flows using rates specific to the Silversea Cruises' reporting unit based on its weighted-average cost of capital, which was determined to be 12.75%. The fair value of Silversea Cruises’ goodwill was estimated as of March 31, 2020, the date the asset was last impaired.
(2) Amount represents the Silversea Cruises trade name which makes up the majority of our indefinite-life intangible assets, totaling $321.5 million. We estimated the fair value of our the Silversea Cruises trade name using a discounted cash flow model and the relief-from-royalty method and used a discount rate of 13.25%. Significant inputs in performing the fair value assessment for the trade name were (i) forecasted net revenues, primarily the timing of returning to normalized operations, occupancy rates from existing and expected ship deliveries, including options, and terminal growth rate; (ii) the royalty rate of 3.0%; and (iii) weighted average cost of capital (i.e., discount rate). The fair value of the Silversea Cruises trade name was estimated as of March 31, 2020, the date the asset was last impaired.

(3) Impairments primarily relate to certain vessels during 2020. In addition, certain construction in progress projects generated impairments during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 and quarter ended December 31, 2020. For the vessels impaired during the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we estimated the fair value of two of our vessels using a blended indication from the income and cost approaches and the fair value of the remaining vessels was estimated primarily based on their orderly liquidation values. For the vessels impaired during the quarter ended June 30, 2020, we estimated the fair value of the vessels using a modified market approach based on the carrying values and orderly liquidation values of the vessels. For the vessels impaired during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, we estimated the fair value of the three Azamara vessels using a market approach. A significant input in performing the fair value assessments for these vessels was management's expected use of the vessels, which takes into consideration forecasted operating results. During the quarter ended September 30, 2020 and quarter ended December 31, 2020, construction in progress assets were impaired due to a reduction in scope or the decision to not complete the projects. The impairment was calculated based on orderly liquidation values. The fair value of these assets were estimated as of the date the asset was last impaired.

(4) Impairments to our right-of-use assets relate to certain of our berthing arrangements and a ship operating lease. We estimated the fair value of the berthing arrangements using estimated projected discounted cash flows and the fair value of the ship operating lease was estimated using a market approach. The fair value of the berthing arrangements was estimated as of March 31, 2020, the date these assets were last impaired. A significant input in performing the fair value assessments for these assets was our expected passenger headcount. The fair value of the ship operating lease was estimated as of December 31, 2020, the date this asset was last impaired, and significant inputs in performing the fair value assessment using the market approach for this asset were the expected rate of return and remaining lease payments.
(5) We estimated the fair value of our other than temporarily impaired equity-method investments using a discounted cash flow model. A significant input in performing the fair value assessments for these assets was forecasted operating results for these investments. The fair value of these equity-method investments was estimated as of March 31, 2020, the date these assets were last impaired. For further information on our equity method investments, refer to Note 8. Other Assets.
Company's Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on Recurring Basis The following table presents information about the Company's financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019
DescriptionTotal Fair Value
Level 1(1)
Level 2(2)
Level 3(3)
Total Fair Value
Level 1(1)
Level 2(2)
Level 3(3)
Assets:
Derivative financial instruments(4)
$108,539 $— $108,539 $— $39,994 $— $39,994 $— 
Total Assets$108,539 $— $108,539 $— $39,994 $— $39,994 $— 
Liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments(5)
$259,705 $— $259,705 $— $257,728 $— $257,728 $— 
Contingent consideration(6)
— — — — 62,400 — — 62,400 
Total Liabilities$259,705 $— $259,705 $— $320,128 $— $257,728 $62,400 
___________________________________________________________________
(1)Inputs based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Valuation of these items does not entail a significant amount of judgment.
(2)Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. For foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and fuel swaps, fair value is derived using valuation models that utilize the income valuation approach. These valuation models take into account the contract terms, such as maturity as well as other inputs, such as foreign exchange rates and curves, fuel types, fuel curves and interest rate yield curves. Derivative instrument fair values take into account the creditworthiness of the counterparty and the Company.
(3)Inputs that are unobservable.
(4)Consists of foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and fuel swaps. Refer to the "Fair Value of Derivative Instruments" table for breakdown by instrument type.
(5)Consists of foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and fuel swaps. Refer to the "Fair Value of Derivative Instruments" table for breakdown by instrument type.
(6)Any obligation under the contingent consideration related to the 2018 Silversea Cruises acquisition was terminated during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 as a result of our purchase of the remaining 33.3% non-controlling interest in Silversea Cruises. In prior periods, the contingent consideration was estimated by applying a Monte-Carlo simulation method using our closing stock price along with significant inputs not observable in the market, including the probability of achieving the milestones and estimated future operating results. The Monte-Carlo simulation is a generally accepted statistical technique used to generate a defined number of valuation paths in order to develop a reasonable estimate of fair value. Refer to Note 1. General, Note 3. Business Combination, and Note 11. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest for further information on the Silversea Cruises acquisitions. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, we recorded income for the change in fair value of the contingent consideration of $45.1 million within Other (expense) income in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Offsetting Assets
The following table presents information about the Company’s offsetting of financial assets under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties (in thousands):
Gross Amounts not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject to Master Netting Agreements
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Gross Amount of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting
Recognized
Derivative Liabilities
Cash Collateral
Received
Net Amount of
Derivative Assets
Gross Amount of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting
Recognized
Derivative Liabilities
Cash Collateral
Received
Net Amount of
Derivative Assets
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$108,539 $(80,743)$— $27,796 $39,994 $(39,994)$— $— 
Total$108,539 $(80,743)$— $27,796 $39,994 $(39,994)$— $— 
Offsetting Liabilities
The following table presents information about the Company’s offsetting of financial liabilities under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties (in thousands):
Gross Amounts not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject to Master Netting Agreements
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Gross Amount of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting
Recognized
Derivative Assets
Cash Collateral
Pledged
Net Amount of
Derivative Liabilities
Gross Amount of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting
Recognized
Derivative Assets
Cash Collateral
Pledged
Net Amount of
Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$(259,705)$80,743 $57,273 $(121,689)$(257,728)$39,994 $— $(217,734)
Total$(259,705)$80,743 $57,273 $(121,689)$(257,728)$39,994 $— $(217,734)
Fuel Swap Agreements As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had the following outstanding fuel swap agreements:
Fuel Swap Agreements
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
(metric tons)
Designated as hedges:
2021385,050 488,900 
2022389,650 322,900 
202382,400 82,400 

Fuel Swap Agreements
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
(% hedged)
Designated hedges as a % of projected fuel purchases:
202140 %30 %
202223 %19 %
2023%%


Fuel Swap Agreements
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
(metric tons)
Not designated as hedges:
2021229,850 — 
202214,650 — 
Fair Value And Line item Caption of Derivative Instruments
The fair value and line item caption of derivative instruments recorded within our consolidated balance sheets were as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
Asset DerivativesLiability Derivatives
Balance Sheet
Location
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019Balance Sheet
Location
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Fair ValueFair ValueFair ValueFair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20(1)
Interest rate swapsOther assets$17,271 $11 Other long-term liabilities$144,653 $64,168 
Interest rate swapsDerivative financial instruments261 — Derivative Financial Instruments— — 
Foreign currency forward contracts
Derivative financial instruments63,894 — Derivative financial instruments13,294 75,260 
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other assets20,836 9,380 Other long-term liabilities7,306 64,711 
Fuel swapsDerivative financial instruments5,093 16,922 Derivative financial instruments25,203 16,901 
Fuel swapsOther assets350 8,677 Other long-term liabilities50,117 33,965 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20
107,705 34,990 240,573 255,005 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20
Foreign currency forward contracts
Derivative financial Instruments— 3,186 Derivative financial instruments160 2,419 
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other assets— — Other long-term liabilities— — 
Fuel swapsDerivative financial instruments834 1,643 Derivative financial instruments18,028 295 
Fuel swapsOther assets— 175 Other long-term liabilities944 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20
834 5,004 19,132 2,723 
Total derivatives$108,539 $39,994 $259,705 $257,728 
___________________________________________________________________
(1)Accounting Standard Codification 815-20 "Derivatives and Hedging."
The fair value and line item caption of derivative instruments recorded within our consolidated balance sheets for the cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges were as follows (in thousands):
Line Item in the Statement of Financial Position Where the Hedged Item is IncludedCarrying Amount of the Hedged LiabilitiesCumulative amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Liabilities
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Current portion of long-term debt and Long-term debt$700,331 $715,234 $17,512 $(1,301)
$700,331 $715,234 $17,512 $(1,301)
Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) in Statement of Financial Performance
The location and amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income on fair value and cash flow hedging relationships were as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019
Fuel ExpenseDepreciation and Amortization ExpensesInterest Income (Expense)Other Income (Expense)Fuel ExpenseDepreciation and Amortization ExpensesInterest Income (Expense)Other Income (Expense)
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the statement of financial performance in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded$371,015$1,279,254$(823,202)$(137,085)$697,962$1,245,942$(381,568)$(24,513)
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging:
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts
Hedged itemsn/an/a$(18,813)n/an/a(23,464)$— 
Derivatives designated as hedging instrumentsn/an/a$23,819 n/an/a$16,607 $— 
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into incomen/an/a$(25,267)n/an/an/a$(4,289)n/a
Commodity contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into income$(35,407)n/an/a$3,549 $29,929 n/an/a$(1,292)
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into incomen/a$(14,679)n/a$(7,315)n/a$(14,063)n/a$(5,080)

Year Ended December 31, 2018
Fuel ExpenseDepreciation and Amortization ExpensesInterest Income (Expense)Other Income (Expense)
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the statement of financial performance in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded$710,617 $1,033,697 $(300,872)$11,107 
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging:
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts
Hedged itemsn/an/a$4,673 $— 
Derivatives designated as hedging instrumentsn/an/a$(8,854)$— 
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20
Interest contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into incomen/an/a$(10,931)n/a
Commodity contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into income$1,366 n/an/a$(1,580)
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into incomen/a$(12,843)n/a$12,855 
Fair Value and Line Item Caption of Non-derivative Instruments
The carrying value and line item caption of non-derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments recorded within our consolidated balance sheets were as follows (in thousands):
Carrying Value
Non-derivative instrument designated as
hedging instrument under ASC 815-20
Balance Sheet LocationAs of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Foreign currency debtCurrent portion of long-term debt$43,696 $73,572 
Foreign currency debtLong-term debt219,335 284,506 
$263,031 $358,078 
Effect of Non-derivative Instruments Qualifying and Designated as Hedging Instruments in Net Investment Hedges on Consolidated Financial Statements
The effect of non-derivative instruments qualifying and designated as net investment hedging instruments on the consolidated financial statements was as follows (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Non-derivative instruments under ASC 815-20
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018
Foreign Currency Debt$(28,062)$6,111 $13,210 
$(28,062)$6,111 $13,210 
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument  
Derivative instruments disclosure  
Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) in Statement of Financial Performance
The effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the consolidated financial statements was as follows (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
in Income on Derivative
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging
Instruments under ASC 815-20
Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018
Foreign currency forward contractsOther income (expense)$(18,961)$1,356 $(62,423)
Fuel swapsFuel— (37)1,161 
Fuel swapsOther income (expense)(102,740)112 114 
$(121,701)$1,431 $(61,148)
Fair value hedging  
Derivative instruments disclosure  
Schedule of Interest Rate Derivatives At December 31, 2020, we maintained interest rate swap agreements on the following fixed-rate debt instruments:
Debt InstrumentSwap Notional as of December 31, 2020 (In thousands)MaturityDebt Fixed RateSwap Floating Rate: LIBOR plusAll-in Swap Floating Rate as of December 31, 2020
Oasis of the Seas term loan
$35,000 October 20215.41%3.87%4.12%
Unsecured senior notes650,000 November 20225.25%3.63%3.85%
$685,000 
Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) in Statement of Financial Performance
The effect of derivative instruments qualifying and designated as hedging instruments and the related hedged items in fair value hedges on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) was as follows (in thousands):
Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative and Hedged ItemAmount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on DerivativeAmount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Hedged Item
Derivatives and related Hedged Items under ASC 815-20 Fair Value Hedging RelationshipsYear Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018
Interest rate swapsInterest expense (income), net of interest capitalized$23,819 $16,607 $(8,854)$(18,813)$(23,464)$4,673 
$23,819 $16,607 $(8,854)$(18,813)$(23,464)$4,673 
Cash flow hedge  
Derivative instruments disclosure  
Schedule of Interest Rate Derivatives At December 31, 2020, we maintained interest rate swap agreements on the following floating-rate debt instruments:
Debt InstrumentSwap Notional as of December 31, 2020 (In thousands)MaturityDebt Floating RateAll-in Swap Fixed Rate
Celebrity Reflection term loan
$218,167 October 2024LIBOR plus0.40%2.85%
Quantum of the Seas term loan
367,500 October 2026LIBOR plus1.30%3.74%
Anthem of the Seas term loan
392,708 April 2027LIBOR plus1.30%3.86%
Ovation of the Seas term loan
518,750 April 2028LIBOR plus1.00%3.16%
Harmony of the Seas term loan (1)
530,191 May 2028EURIBOR plus1.15%2.26%
Odyssey of the Seas term loan(2)
460,000 October 2032LIBOR plus0.95%3.20%
Odyssey of the Seas term loan(2)
191,667 October 2032LIBOR plus0.95%2.83%
$2,678,983 
___________________________________________________________________
(1)    Interest rate swap agreements hedging the Euro-denominated term loan for Harmony of the Seas include EURIBOR zero-floors matching the hedged debt EURIBOR zero-floor. Amount presented is based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2020.
(2)    Interest rate swap agreements hedging the term loan of Odyssey of the Seas include LIBOR zero-floors matching the debt LIBOR zero-floor. The effective dates of the $460.0 million and $191.7 million interest rate swap agreements are October 2020 and October 2022, respectively. The anticipated unsecured term loan for the financing of Odyssey of the Seas was initially expected to be drawn in October 2020. However, due to the impact of COVID-19 to shipyard operations, there is a delay in the ship delivery.
Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) in Statement of Financial Performance
The effect of derivative instruments qualifying and designated as cash flow hedging instruments on the consolidated financial statements was as follows (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on DerivativeLocation of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into IncomeAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income
Derivatives under ASC 815-20 Cash Flow Hedging RelationshipsYear Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018
Interest rate swaps$(112,960)$(72,732)$18,578 Interest expense$(25,267)$(4,289)$(10,931)
Foreign currency forward contracts130,426 (148,881)(222,645)Depreciation and amortization expenses(14,679)(14,063)(12,843)
Foreign currency forward contracts— — — Other income (expense)(7,315)(5,080)12,855 
Foreign currency forward contracts— — — Other indirect operating expenses— — — 
Foreign currency collar options— — — Depreciation and amortization expenses— — — 
Fuel swaps— — — Other income (expense)3,549 (1,292)(1,580)
Fuel swaps(58,575)75,505 (93,927)Fuel(35,407)29,929 1,366 
$(41,109)$(146,108)$(297,994)$(79,119)$5,205 $(11,133)
The table below represents amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for our net investment hedging instruments for which the difference between changes in fair value and periodic amortization is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (in thousands):
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income (Net Investment Excluded Components)Year Ended December 31, 2020
Net inception fair value at January 1, 2020$(8,008)
Amount of gain recognized in income on derivatives for the year ended December 31, 20206,620 
Amount of loss remaining to be amortized in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2020(528)
Fair value at December 31, 2020$(1,916)