Note 3—Revenue

We are a water, coffee, tea, extracts and filtration service company. Our principal source of revenue is from bottled water delivery to residential and business customers in North America and Europe and manufacture and distribution of coffee, tea and extracts to institutional and commercial customers in the United States. Revenue is recognized, net of sales returns, when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. We measure revenue based on the consideration specified in the client arrangement, and revenue is recognized when the performance obligations in the client arrangement are satisfied. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct service to the customer. The transaction price of a contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when the customer receives the benefit of the performance obligation. Clients typically receive the benefit of our services as they are performed. Substantially all our client contracts require that we be compensated for services performed to date. This may be upon shipment of goods or upon delivery to the customer, depending on contractual terms. Shipping and handling costs paid by the customer to us are included in revenue and costs incurred by us for shipping and handling activities that are performed after a customer obtains control of the product are accounted for as fulfillment costs. In addition, we exclude from net revenue and cost of sales taxes assessed by governmental authorities on revenue-producing transactions. Although we occasionally accept returns of products from our customers, historically returns have not been material.

Contract Estimates

The nature of certain of the Company’s contracts give rise to variable consideration including cash discounts, volume-based rebates, point of sale promotions, and other promotional discounts to certain customers. For all promotional programs and discounts, the Company estimates the rebate or discount that will be granted to the customer and records an accrual upon invoicing. These estimated rebates or discounts are included in the transaction price of the Company’s contracts with customers as a reduction to net revenues and are included as accrued sales incentives in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. This methodology is consistent with the manner in which the Company historically estimated and recorded promotional programs and discounts.

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts (i) with an original expected length of one year or less or (ii) for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount in which it has the right to invoice as product is delivered.

Contract Balances

Contract liabilities relate primarily to advances received from the Company’s customers before revenue is recognized. These amounts are recorded as deferred revenue and are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The advances are expected to be earned as revenue within one year of receipt. Deferred revenues at March 31, 2018 and December 30, 2017 were $20.8 million and $21.8 million, respectively. The amount of revenue recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2018 that was included in the December 30, 2017 deferred revenue balance was $13.8 million.

The Company does not have any material contract assets as of March 31, 2018.

Disaggregated Revenue

In general, the Company’s business segmentation is aligned according to the nature and economic characteristics of its products and customer relationships and provides meaningful disaggregation of each business segment’s results of operations.

Further disaggregation of net revenue to external customers by geographic area based on customer location is as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	March 31, 2018		April 1, 2017
United States	$	418.6	$	409.6
United Kingdom		43.6		38.7
Canada		15.2		14.5
All other countries		83.4		74.1

Total¹	$	560.8	$	536.9

^1.	Prior-period amounts are not adjusted under the modified-retrospective method of adoption.