We are exposed to certain market risks related to our ongoing business operations. Management uses derivative financial and commodity instruments, among other things, to manage: (1) commodity price risk; (2) interest rate risk; and (3) foreign currency exchange rate risk. Although we use derivative financial and commodity instruments to reduce market risk associated with forecasted transactions, we do not use derivative financial and commodity instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The use of derivative instruments is controlled by our risk management and credit policies, which govern, among other things, the derivative instruments we can use, counterparty credit limits and contract authorization limits. Although our commodity derivative instruments extend over a number of years, a significant portion of our commodity derivative instruments economically hedge commodity price risk during the next twelve months. For information on the accounting for our derivative instruments, see Note 2.

PA Gas Utility’s tariffs contain clauses that permit recovery of all prudently incurred costs of natural gas it sells to retail core-market customers, including the cost of financial instruments used to hedge purchased gas costs. As permitted and agreed to by the PAPUC pursuant to PA Gas Utility’s annual PGC filings, PA Gas Utility currently uses NYMEX natural gas futures and option contracts to reduce commodity price volatility associated with a portion of the natural gas it purchases for its retail core-market customers. See Note 7 for further information on the regulatory accounting treatment for these derivative instruments.

In order to manage market price risk associated with the Partnership’s fixed-price programs and to reduce the effects of short-term commodity price volatility, the Partnership uses over-the-counter derivative commodity instruments, principally price swap contracts. In addition, the Partnership and our UGI International operations also use over-the-counter price swap and option contracts to reduce commodity price volatility associated with a portion of their forecasted LPG purchases.

In order to manage market price risk relating to fixed-price sales contracts for physical natural gas, Midstream & Marketing enters into NYMEX and over-the-counter natural gas futures and over-the-counter and ICE natural gas basis swap contracts. In addition, Midstream & Marketing uses NYMEX and over-the-counter futures and options contracts to economically hedge price volatility associated with the gross margin derived from the purchase and anticipated later near-term sale of natural gas storage inventories. Outside of the financial market, Midstream & Marketing also uses ICE and over-the-counter forward physical contracts. UGI International also uses natural gas futures and forward contracts to economically hedge market price risk associated with a substantial portion of anticipated volumes under fixed-price sales contracts with its customers. See Note 5 for information on the exit of substantially all of the Company’s European energy marketing business.

In order to manage market price risk relating to fixed-price sales contracts for electricity, Midstream & Marketing enters into electricity futures and forward contracts. Midstream & Marketing also uses NYMEX and over-the-counter electricity futures contracts to economically hedge the price of a portion of its anticipated future sales of electricity from its electric generation facilities. UGI International also uses electricity futures and forward contracts to economically hedge market price risk associated with fixed-price sales and purchase contracts for electricity. See Note 5 for information on the exit of substantially all of the Company’s European energy marketing business.

Certain of our long-term debt agreements have interest rates that are generally indexed to short-term market interest rates. In order to fix the underlying short-term market interest rates, we may enter into pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap agreements and designate such swaps as cash flow hedges.

The remainder of our long-term debt is typically issued at fixed rates of interest. As this long-term debt matures, we typically refinance such debt with new debt having interest rates reflecting then-current market conditions. In order to reduce market rate risk on the underlying benchmark rate of interest associated with near- to medium-term forecasted issuances of fixed-rate debt, from time to time we enter into IRPAs. We account for IRPAs as cash flow hedges. There were no unsettled IRPAs during any of the periods presented. At March 31, 2024, the amount of pre-tax net gains associated with interest rate hedges expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months is $19.

In order to reduce the volatility in net income associated with our foreign operations, principally as a result of changes in the USD exchange rate to the euro and British pound sterling, we enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts. We layer in these foreign currency exchange contracts over multi-year periods to eventually equal approximately 90% of anticipated UGI International foreign currency earnings before income taxes. Because these contracts are not designated as hedging instruments, realized and unrealized gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net,” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

From time to time, we also enter into certain forward foreign currency exchange contracts to reduce the volatility of the USD value of a portion of our UGI International euro-denominated net investments, including anticipated foreign currency denominated dividends. We account for these foreign currency exchange contracts as net investment hedges and all changes in the fair value of these contracts are reported in the cumulative translation adjustment component in AOCI. We use the spot rate method to measure ineffectiveness of our net investment hedges.

Our euro-denominated long-term debt has also been designated as net investment hedges, representing a portion of our UGI International euro-denominated net investment. We recognized pre-tax gains (losses) associated with these net investment hedges in the cumulative translation adjustment component in AOCI of $17 and $(9) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $(15) and $(73) during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table summarizes by derivative type the gross notional amounts related to open derivative contracts at March 31, 2024, September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, and the final settlement dates of the Company's open derivative contracts as of March 31, 2024, but excluding those derivatives that qualified for the NPNS exception:


			Notional Amounts (in millions)
Type	Units	Settlements Extending Through	March 31, 2024		September 30, 2023		March 31, 2023
Commodity Price Risk:
Regulated Utility Operations
PA Gas Utility NYMEX natural gas futures and option contracts	Dekatherms	February 2025	13		38		12


Non-utility Operations
LPG swaps	Gallons	September 2026	425		727		691
Natural gas futures, forward, basis swap, options and pipeline contracts (a)	Dekatherms	March 2028	339		338		366




Electricity forward and futures contracts	Kilowatt hours	December 2027	544		1,260		1,890

Interest Rate Risk:
Interest rate swaps	Euro	March 2026	€	300	€	300	€	300
Interest rate swaps	USD	September 2026	$	1,263	$	1,270	$	1,277

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk:
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts	USD	September 2026	$	240	$	425	$	285
Net investment hedge forward foreign exchange contracts	Euro	December 2026	€	256	€	256	€	331

We are exposed to risk of loss in the event of nonperformance by our derivative instrument counterparties. Our derivative instrument counterparties principally comprise large energy companies and major U.S. and international financial institutions. We maintain credit policies with regard to our counterparties that we believe reduce overall credit risk. These policies include evaluating and monitoring our counterparties’ financial condition, including their credit ratings, and entering into agreements

We have concentrations of credit risk associated with derivative instruments and we evaluate the creditworthiness of our derivative counterparties on an ongoing basis. As of March 31, 2024, the maximum amount of loss, based upon the gross fair values of the derivative instruments, we would incur if these counterparties failed to perform according to the terms of their contracts was $173. In general, many of our over-the-counter derivative instruments and all exchange contracts call for the posting of collateral by the counterparty or by the Company in the forms of letters of credit, parental guarantees or cash. At March 31, 2024, we had received cash collateral from derivative instrument counterparties totaling $6. In addition, we may have offsetting derivative liabilities and certain accounts payable balances with certain of these counterparties, which further mitigates the previously mentioned maximum amount of losses. Certain of the Partnership’s derivative contracts have credit-risk-related contingent features that may require the posting of additional collateral in the event of a downgrade of the Partnership’s debt rating. At March 31, 2024, if the credit-risk-related contingent features were triggered, the amount of collateral required to be posted would not be material.

Derivative assets and liabilities are presented net by counterparty on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets if the right of offset exists. We offset amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral against amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty. Our derivative instruments include both those that are executed on an exchange through brokers and centrally cleared and over-the-counter transactions. Exchange contracts utilize a financial intermediary, exchange or clearinghouse to enter, execute or clear the transactions. Over-the-counter contracts are bilateral contracts that are transacted directly with a third party. Certain over-the-counter and exchange contracts contain contractual rights of offset through master netting arrangements, derivative clearing agreements and contract default provisions. In addition, the contracts are subject to conditional rights of offset through counterparty nonperformance, insolvency or other conditions.

In general, many of our over-the-counter transactions and all exchange contracts are subject to collateral requirements. Types of collateral generally include cash or letters of credit. Cash collateral paid by us to our over-the-counter derivative counterparties, if any, is reflected in the table below to offset derivative liabilities. Cash collateral received by us from our over-the-counter derivative counterparties, if any, is reflected in the table below to offset derivative assets. Certain other accounts receivable and accounts payable balances recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with our derivative counterparties are not included in the table below but could reduce our net exposure to such counterparties because such balances are subject to master netting or similar arrangements.


	March 31, 2024		September 30, 2023		March 31, 2023
Derivative assets:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Foreign currency contracts	$	11	$	14	$	9
Interest rate contracts	11		28		25
	22		42		34
Derivatives subject to PGC and DS mechanisms:
Commodity contracts	8		6		19
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts (a)	138		226		355
Foreign currency contracts	5		24		14
	143		250		369
Total derivative assets — gross	173		298		422
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet	(111)		(124)		(190)
Cash collateral received	(6)		(40)		(55)
Total derivative assets — net	$	56	$	134	$	177
Derivative liabilities:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:



Interest rate contracts	$	(3)	$	—	$	(21)

Derivatives subject to PGC and DS mechanisms:
Commodity contracts	(14)		(8)		(36)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts (a)	(208)		(266)		(396)
Foreign currency contracts	(1)		(2)		(4)
	(209)		(268)		(400)
Total derivative liabilities — gross	(226)		(276)		(457)
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet	111		124		190
Cash collateral pledged	56		53		102
Total derivative liabilities — net	$	(59)	$	(99)	$	(165)

(a)Includes certain derivative contracts associated with UGI International energy marketing business transactions (see Note 5). At September 30, 2023 there were $10 of derivative assets and $12 of derivative liabilities classified as held for sale, which are reflected in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other current liabilities,” respectively, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2023.


Three Months Ended March 31,:
	Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI				Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income				Location of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Cash Flow Hedges:	2024		2023		2024		2023



Interest rate contracts	$	17	$	(21)	$	14	$	7	Interest expense


Net Investment Hedges:
Foreign currency contracts	$	8	$	(1)

	Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:	2024		2023		Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Commodity contracts	$	(1)	$	6	Revenues
Commodity contracts	26		(343)		Cost of sales

Commodity contracts	(1)		2		Other operating income, net
Foreign currency contracts	8		(2)		Other non-operating income (expense), net
Total	$	32	$	(337)

Six Months Ended March 31,:
	Loss Recognized in AOCI				Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income				Location of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Cash Flow Hedges:	2024		2023		2024		2023



Interest rate contracts	$	(5)	$	(17)	$	27	$	14	Interest expense


Net Investment Hedges:
Foreign currency contracts	$	(2)	$	(24)

	Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:	2024		2023		Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Commodity contracts	$	1	$	10	Revenues
Commodity contracts	(129)		(1,669)		Cost of sales

Commodity contracts	2		5		Other operating income, net
Foreign currency contracts	(8)		(34)		Other non-operating income (expense), net
Total	$	(134)	$	(1,688)

We are also a party to a number of other contracts that have elements of a derivative instrument. However, these contracts qualify for NPNS exception accounting because they provide for the delivery of products or services in quantities that are expected to be used in the normal course of operating our business and the price in these contracts are based on an underlying that is directly associated with the price of the product or service being purchased or sold. These contracts include, among others, binding purchase orders, contracts that provide for the purchase and delivery, or sale, of energy products, and service contracts that require the counterparty to provide commodity storage, transportation or capacity service to meet our normal sales commitments.