Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and costs. These estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events, historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results may be different from these estimates and assumptions.

Certain prior-year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation. Also, during Fiscal 2017, we corrected an immaterial error in our cylinder deposit liability account at two UGI International subsidiaries that arose prior to Fiscal 2015 which decreased opening retained earnings as of October 1, 2015 by $6.8, or 0.5%, increased other noncurrent liabilities by $10.6 and decreased deferred income tax liabilities by $3.8.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of UGI and its controlled subsidiary companies which, except for the Partnership, are majority owned. We report the public’s interests in the Partnership, and outside ownership interests in other consolidated but less than 100%-owned subsidiaries, as noncontrolling interests. We eliminate intercompany accounts and transactions when we consolidate.

Entities in which we do not have control but have significant influence over operating and financial policies are accounted for by the equity method. Investments in business entities that are not publicly traded and in which we do not have significant influence over operating and financial policies are accounted for using the cost method.

Our equity and cost method investments are included in “Other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and comprise the following amounts at September 30, 2017 and 2016:



	2017		2016
Equity method investments	$	59.1	$	25.9
Cost method investments (a)	$	61.3	$	70.1


(a)	Cost method investments at September 30, 2017 and 2016 include $7.0 and $18.0, respectively, associated with our investment in a private equity partnership that invests in renewable energy companies.

A wholly owned subsidiary of UGI, UGI PennEast, LLC, and four other members comprising wholly owned subsidiaries of Southern Company, New Jersey Resources, South Jersey Industries, and Enbridge, Inc., hold 20% membership interests each in PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC (“PennEast”). PennEast is focused on constructing an approximate 118-mile natural gas pipeline from Luzerne County, Pennsylvania to the Trenton-Woodbury interconnection in New Jersey. Affiliates of all members plan to be customers of the pipeline under 15-year contracts. PennEast is considered to be an equity method investment as we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over PennEast. We are obligated to provide capital contributions based upon our ownership percentage. Our investment in PennEast at September 30, 2017 and 2016 totaled $51.0 and $17.4, respectively.

Effects of Regulation

UGI Utilities accounts for the financial effects of regulation in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB’s”) guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 980, “Regulated Operations.” In accordance with this guidance, incurred costs and estimated future expenditures that would otherwise be charged to expense are capitalized and recorded as regulatory assets when it is probable that the incurred costs or estimated future expenditures will be recovered in rates in the future. Similarly, we recognize regulatory liabilities when it is probable that regulators will require customer refunds through future rates or when revenue is collected from customers for expenditures that have not yet been incurred. Regulatory assets and liabilities are classified as current if, upon initial recognition, the entire amount related to that item will be recovered or refunded within a year of the balance sheet date. Generally, regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities are amortized into expense and income over the periods authorized by the regulator. For additional information regarding the effects of rate regulation on our utility operations, see Note 8.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies fair value measurements on a recurring and, as otherwise required under GAAP, on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value in GAAP is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements performed on a recurring basis principally relate to derivative instruments and investments held in supplemental executive retirement plan grantor trusts.

GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). A level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

We use the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels:


•	Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that we have the ability to access at the measurement date.

•

Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, and inputs that are derived from observable market data by correlation or other means.


•	Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability including situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

Fair value is based upon assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and risks inherent in valuation techniques and inputs to valuations. This includes not only the credit standing of counterparties and credit enhancements but also the impact of our own nonperformance risk on our liabilities. We evaluate the need for credit adjustments to our derivative instrument fair values. These credit adjustments were not material to the fair values of our derivative instruments.

Derivative Instruments

Derivative instruments are reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at their fair values, unless the derivative instruments qualify for the normal purchase and normal sale (“NPNS”) exception under GAAP. The accounting for changes in fair value depends upon the purpose of the derivative instrument and whether it is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting.

Certain of our derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges and from time to time we also enter into net investment hedges. For cash flow hedges, changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) or noncontrolling interests, to the extent effective at offsetting changes in the hedged item, until earnings are affected by the hedged item. We discontinue cash flow hedge accounting if occurrence of the forecasted transaction is determined to be no longer probable. Hedge accounting is also discontinued for derivatives that cease to be highly effective. Gains and losses on net investment hedges that relate to our foreign operations are included in AOCI until such foreign net investment is sold or liquidated. Unrealized gains and losses on substantially all of the commodity derivative instruments used by UGI Utilities (for which NPNS has not been elected) are included in regulatory assets or liabilities because it is probable such gains or losses will be recoverable from, or refundable to, customers.

Beginning October 1, 2016, in order to reduce the volatility in net income associated with our foreign operations, principally as a result of changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rate between the euro and British pound sterling, we have entered into forward foreign currency exchange contracts. Because these contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, realized and unrealized gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in “Losses on foreign currency contracts, net” on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Cash flows from derivative instruments, other than net investment hedges and certain cross-currency swaps, if any, are included in cash flows from operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash flows from net investment hedges, if any, are included in cash flows from investing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash flows from the interest portion of our cross-currency hedges, if any, are included in cash flow from operating activities while cash flows from the currency portion of such hedges, if any, are included in cash flow from financing activities.

For a more detailed description of the derivative instruments we use, our accounting for derivatives, our objectives for using them and other information, see Note 17.

Foreign Currency Translation

Balance sheets of international subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Income statements and equity investee results are translated into U.S. dollars using an average exchange rate for each reporting period. Where the local currency is the functional currency, translation adjustments are recorded in other comprehensive income.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues from the sale of LPG are recognized principally upon delivery. Midstream & Marketing and our UGI International energy marketing business record revenues when energy products are delivered or services are provided to customers. Revenues from the sale of appliances and equipment are recognized at the later of sale or installation. Revenues from repair or maintenance services are recognized upon completion of services.

UGI Utilities’ regulated revenues are recognized as natural gas and electricity are delivered and include estimated amounts for distribution service rendered and commodities delivered but not billed at the end of each month. We reflect the impact of Gas Utility and Electric Utility rate increases or decreases at the time they become effective.

We present revenue-related taxes collected on behalf of customers and remitted to taxing authorities, principally sales and use taxes, on a net basis. Electric Utility gross receipts taxes are included in “Utility taxes other than income taxes” on the Consolidated Statements of Income in accordance with regulatory practice.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at the gross outstanding amount adjusted for an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable that are acquired are initially recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition. Provisions for uncollectible accounts are established based upon our collection experience and the assessment of the collectability of specific amounts. Accounts receivable are written off in the period in which the receivable is deemed uncollectible.

LPG Delivery Expenses

Expenses associated with the delivery of LPG to customers of the Partnership and our UGI International operations (including vehicle expenses, expenses of delivery personnel, vehicle repair and maintenance and general liability expenses) are classified as “Operating and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Depreciation expense associated with the Partnership and UGI International delivery vehicles is classified in “Depreciation” on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes

AmeriGas Partners and AmeriGas OLP are not directly subject to federal income taxes. Instead, their taxable income or loss is allocated to the individual partners. We record income taxes on (1) our share of the Partnership’s current taxable income or loss and (2) the differences between the book and tax basis of our investment in the Partnership. AmeriGas OLP has subsidiaries which operate in corporate form and are directly subject to federal and state income taxes. Legislation in certain states allows for taxation of partnership income and the accompanying financial statements reflect state income taxes resulting from such legislation.

UGI Utilities records deferred income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income resulting from the use of accelerated tax depreciation methods based upon amounts recognized for ratemaking purposes. UGI Utilities also records a deferred income tax liability for tax benefits, principally the result of accelerated tax depreciation for state income tax purposes that are flowed through to ratepayers when temporary differences originate and record a regulatory income tax asset for the probable increase in future revenues that will result when the temporary differences reverse.

We are amortizing deferred investment tax credits related to UGI Utilities’ plant additions over the service lives of the related property. UGI Utilities reduces its deferred income tax liability for the future tax benefits that will occur when investment tax credits, which are not taxable, are amortized. We also reduce the regulatory income tax asset for the probable reduction in future revenues that will result when such deferred investment tax credits amortize.

We record interest on tax deficiencies and income tax penalties in “Income taxes” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. For Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015, interest income or expense recognized in “Income taxes” on the Consolidated Statements of Income was not material.

Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per share attributable to UGI Corporation stockholders reflect the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share attributable to UGI Corporation include the effects of dilutive stock options and common stock awards. In the following table, we present shares used in computing basic and diluted earnings per share for Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015:



(Thousands of shares)	2017	2016	2015
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic computation	173,662	173,154	173,115
Incremental shares issuable for stock options and common stock awards (a)	3,497	2,418	2,552
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for diluted computation	177,159	175,572	175,667

(a)

For Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015, there were 146 shares, 38 shares and 1 share, respectively, associated with outstanding stock option awards that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share above because their effect was antidilutive. See “Equity-Based Compensation” below for a description of the impact on the calculation of diluted shares for Fiscal 2017, resulting from the adoption of new accounting guidance regarding share-based payments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For cash flow purposes, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash in banks and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash principally represents those cash balances in our commodity futures brokerage accounts that are restricted from withdrawal.

Inventories

Our inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We determine cost using an average cost method for non-utility LPG and natural gas and Gas Utility natural gas; specific identification for appliances; and the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method for all other inventories.

Property, Plant and Equipment and Related Depreciation

We record property, plant and equipment at original cost. Capitalized costs include labor, materials and other direct and indirect costs, and for certain operations subject to cost-of-service rate regulation, allowance for funds used during construction (“AFUDC”). The amounts assigned to property, plant and equipment of acquired businesses are based upon estimated fair value at date of acquisition.

We record depreciation expense on non-utility plant and equipment on a straight-line basis over estimated economic useful lives. At September 30, 2017, estimated useful lives by type were as follows:



Asset Type	Minimum Estimated Useful Life (in years)	Maximum Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Buildings and improvements	10	40
Equipment, primarily cylinders and tanks	5	40
Electricity generation facilities	25	40
Pipeline and related assets	25	40
Transportation equipment and office furniture and fixtures	3	12
Computer software	1	10

We record depreciation expense for UGI Utilities’ plant and equipment on a straight-line basis based upon the projected service lives of the various classes of its depreciable property. The average composite depreciation rates at our Gas Utility and Electric Utility for Fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:



	2017		2016		2015
Gas Utility	2.2	%	2.2	%	2.2	%
Electric Utility	2.4	%	2.5	%	2.5	%

When UGI Utilities retires depreciable utility plant and equipment, we charge the original cost to accumulated depreciation for financial accounting purposes. Costs incurred to retire utility plant and equipment, net of salvage, are recorded in regulatory assets and amortized over five years, consistent with prior ratemaking treatment.

No depreciation expense is included in cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We amortize intangible assets over their estimated useful lives unless we determine their lives to be indefinite. No amortization expense of intangible assets is included in cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income (see Note 11). Estimated useful lives of definite-lived intangible assets, primarily consisting of customer relationships, certain tradenames and noncompete agreements, do not exceed 15 years. We review definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the associated carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Determining whether an impairment loss occurred requires comparing the carrying amount to the sum of undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually (and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that it is more likely than not that they are impaired) and written down to fair value, if impaired.

We do not amortize goodwill, but test it at least annually for impairment at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (a component) if discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management. Components are aggregated as a single reporting unit if they have similar economic characteristics. Each of our reporting units with goodwill is required to perform impairment tests annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the value of goodwill may be impaired. During the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2017, the Company adopted new accounting guidance simplifying the test for goodwill impairment. The adoption of the new guidance did not impact the consolidated financial statements (see Note 3).

For certain of our reporting units with goodwill, we assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. For our other reporting units with goodwill, we bypass the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative assessment by comparing the fair values of the reporting units with their carrying amounts, including goodwill. We determine fair values generally based on a weighting of income and market approaches. For purposes of the income approach, fair values are determined based upon the present value of the reporting unit’s estimated future cash flows, including an estimate of the reporting unit’s terminal value based upon these cash flows, discounted at appropriate risk-adjusted rates. We use our internal forecasts to estimate future cash flows which may include estimates of long-term future growth rates based upon our most recent reviews of the long-term outlook for each reporting unit. Cash flow estimates used to establish fair values under our income approach involve management judgments based on a broad range of information and historical results. In addition, external economic and competitive conditions can influence future performance. For purposes of the market approach, we use valuation multiples for companies comparable to our reporting units. The market approach requires judgment to determine the appropriate valuation multiples. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to such excess but not to exceed the total amount of the goodwill of the reporting unit.

There were no accumulated impairment losses at September 30, 2017 and 2016, and no provisions for goodwill or other intangible asset impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 or Fiscal 2015.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Cost Basis Investments

We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. We evaluate recoverability based upon undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by such assets. No material provisions for impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 or Fiscal 2015.

We reduce the carrying values of our cost basis investments when we determine that a decline in fair value is other than temporary. During Fiscal 2017, we recorded a pre-tax loss of $11.0 associated with an other-than-temporary impairment of our investment in a private equity partnership that invests in renewable energy companies. This loss is reflected in “Other operating income, net” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. No other-than-temporary impairment losses were recognized during Fiscal 2016 or Fiscal 2015.

Deferred Debt Issuance Costs

We defer and amortize debt issuance costs and debt premiums and discounts over the expected lives of the respective debt issues considering maturity dates. Deferred debt issuance costs associated with long-term debt are reflected as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of such debt. Deferred debt issuance costs associated with line of credit facilities are classified as “Other assets” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of the issuance costs is reported as interest expense. Unamortized costs associated with redemptions of debt prior to their stated maturity are generally recognized and recorded in loss on extinguishment of debt. As permitted by regulatory authorities, gains or losses resulting from refinancings of UGI Utilities’ debt are deferred and amortized over the lives of the new issuances.

Refundable Tank and Cylinder Deposits

Included in “Other noncurrent liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets are customer paid deposits on tanks and cylinders primarily owned by subsidiaries of France SAS of $279.9 and $267.2 at September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Deposits are refundable to customers when the tanks or cylinders are returned in accordance with contract terms.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to environmental laws and regulations intended to mitigate or remove the effects of past operations and improve or maintain the quality of the environment. These laws and regulations require the removal or remedy of the effect on the environment of the disposal or release of certain specified hazardous substances at current or former operating sites.

Environmental reserves are accrued when assessments indicate that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and an amount can be reasonably estimated. Amounts recorded as environmental liabilities on the balance sheets represent our best estimate of costs expected to be incurred or, if no best estimate can be made, the minimum liability associated with a range of expected environmental investigation and remediation costs. Our estimated liability for environmental contamination is reduced to reflect anticipated participation of other responsible parties but is not reduced for possible recovery from insurance carriers. In those instances for which the amount and timing of cash payments associated with environmental investigation and cleanup are reliably determinable, we discount such liabilities to reflect the time value of money. We intend to pursue recovery of incurred costs through all appropriate means, including regulatory relief. UGI Gas, CPG and PNG receive ratemaking recognition of environmental investigation and remediation costs associated with their environmental sites. This ratemaking recognition balances the accumulated difference between historical costs and rate recoveries with an estimate of future costs associated with the sites. For further information, see Note 15.

Employee Retirement Plans

We use a market-related value of plan assets and an expected long-term rate of return to determine the expected return on assets of our U.S. pension and other postretirement plans. The market-related value of plan assets, other than equity investments, is based upon fair values. The market-related value of equity investments is calculated by rolling forward the prior-year’s market-related value with contributions, disbursements and the expected return on plan assets. One third of the difference between the expected and the actual value is then added to or subtracted from the expected value to determine the new market-related value (see Note 7).

Equity-Based Compensation

All of our equity-based compensation, principally comprising UGI stock options, grants of UGI stock-based equity instruments and grants of AmeriGas Partners equity instruments (together with UGI stock-based equity instruments, “Units” or “Unit awards”), are measured at fair value on the grant date, date of modification or end of the period, as applicable. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Depending upon the settlement terms of the awards, all or a portion of the fair value of equity-based awards may be presented as a liability or as equity on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Equity-based compensation costs associated with the portion of Unit awards classified as equity are measured based upon their estimated fair value on the date of grant or modification. Equity-based compensation costs associated with the portion of Unit awards classified as liabilities are measured based upon their estimated fair value at the grant date and remeasured as of the end of each period.

We record deferred tax assets for awards that we expect will result in deductions on our income tax returns based on the amount of compensation cost recognized and the statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which we will receive a deduction. Prior to the adoption of new accounting guidance effective October 1, 2016, differences between the deferred tax assets recognized for financial reporting purposes and the actual tax benefit received on the income tax return were recorded in Common Stock (if the tax benefit exceeded the deferred tax asset) or in the Consolidated Statements of Income (if the deferred tax asset exceeded the tax benefit and no tax windfall pool existed from previous awards). We calculated this tax windfall pool using the shortcut method.

Effective October 1, 2016, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payments Accounting” (“ASU 2016-09”) issued to simplify several aspects of accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. Among other things, excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies associated with employee share-based awards that vest or are exercised are recognized as income tax benefit or expense and treated as discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur. In addition, assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method used for computing diluted shares outstanding no longer include windfall tax benefits in the diluted shares calculation.

In accordance with the required prospective method of transition relating to excess tax benefits, we recognized income tax benefits of $10.3 related to excess tax benefits for share-based awards that were exercised or vested during Fiscal 2017. This amount is reflected in “Income taxes” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. In addition, upon the adoption of ASU 2016-09, we recorded a $4.9 increase to retained earnings and decrease to deferred income tax liabilities for excess tax benefits related to prior period unrecognized state tax benefits. We elected to use the prospective method of transition for classifying excess tax benefits as cash flow from operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and prior periods were not adjusted. We have historically presented employee taxes paid for net settled awards as a financing activity on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and therefore there is no transition impact from this requirement. In addition, as provided by the new guidance, we elected to account for forfeitures of share-based payments when they occur.

For additional information on our equity-based compensation plans and related disclosures, see Note 13.