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Fair Value Measurement:

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:


•	Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•

Level 2: inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or


•	Level 3: unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair values of the assets or liabilities.

In 2017, we acquired HIS from Pfizer, and as a result of the acquisition we recognized an earn-out liability. Pfizer is entitled up to $225.0 million in cash if certain performance targets for the combined company for the three years ending December 31, 2019 are achieved. The initial value assigned to the contingent consideration was a result of forecasted product demand and operations of our business. The initial fair value of the earn-out was determined by employing a Monte Carlo simulation in a risk neutral framework. The underlying simulated variable was adjusted EBITDA. The adjusted EBITDA

volatility estimate was based on a study of historical asset volatility for a set of comparable public companies. The model includes other assumptions including the market price of risk, which was calculated as the weighted average cost of capital ("WACC") less the long-term risk free-rate. At each reporting date subsequent to the acquisition we re-measured the earn-out using the same methodology above and recognized any changes in value. If the probability of achieving the performance target significantly changes from what we initially anticipated, the change could have a significant impact on our financial statements in the period recognized. Our contingent earn-out liability is separately stated in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Level 3 earn-out liability measured at estimated fair value as of December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019 (in thousands):



	Earn-out Liability
Accrued balance, January 1, 2019	$	47,400
Change in fair value of earn-out (included in income from operations as a separate line item)	(47,400		)
Accrued balance, September 30, 2019	$	—

The fair value of the earn-out at September 30, 2019 changed from the fair value calculated at December 31, 2018 due to a change in the underlying cumulative adjusted EBITDA forecast. As of September 30, 2019, there is a remote probability that we will meet the performance targets necessary for payout of the earn-out, accordingly the liability has been reduced to zero.

The following table provides quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for fair value measurement of our earn-out liability as of December 31, 2018.



Simulation Input	As of December 31, 2018
Adjusted EBITDA Volatility	30.00	%
WACC	8.25	%
20-year risk free rate	2.87	%
Market price of risk	5.24	%
Cost of debt	5.25	%

The fair value of our investments is estimated using observable market-based inputs such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves or Level 2 inputs, which consisted of corporate bonds.

The fair value of our Level 2 forward currency contracts are estimated using observable market inputs such as known notional value amounts, spot and forward exchange rates. These inputs relate to liquid, heavily traded currencies with active markets which are available for the full term of the derivative.

There were no transfers between levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following (Level 1, 2 and 3 inputs as defined above) (in thousands):



	Fair value measurements at September 30, 2019
	Total carrying value		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (level 3)
Assets:
Available for sale securities:
Short-term	$	20,845	$	—	$	20,845	$	—
Long-term	—		—		—		—
Foreign exchange forwards:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,300		—		1,300		—
Other assets	279		—		279		—
Total Assets	$	22,424	$	—	$	22,424	$	—



	Fair value measurements at December 31, 2018
	Total carrying value		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (level 3)
Assets:
Available for sale securities:
Short-term	$	37,329	$	—	$	37,329	$	—
Long-term	2,025		—		2,025		—
Foreign exchange forwards:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	187		—		187		—
Other assets	545		—		545		—
Total Assets	$	40,086	$	—	$	40,086	$	—

Liabilities:
Earn-out liability	$	47,400	$	—	$	—	$	47,400
Total Liabilities	$	47,400	$	—	$	—	$	47,400

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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