Exhibit 5.1

One Financial Center Boston, MA 02111 617-542-6000 617-542-2241 fax www.mintz.com

June 6, 2023

Microbot Medical Inc.

25 Recreation Park Drive, Unit 108

Hingham, MA 02043

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Microbot Medical Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of a Prospectus Supplement, dated June 2, 2023, to a Prospectus, dated December 4, 2020 (the “Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement”), filed pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3, Registration No. 333-250966 (the “Registration Statement”) and filed by the Company with the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Prospectus Supplement relates to the sale of 701,756 shares (the “Securities”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 2, 2023, between the Company and the purchasers named therein (the “Purchase Agreement”). The Purchase Agreement will be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement. This opinion is being rendered in connection with the filing of the Prospectus Supplement with the Commission. All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings given to them in the Registration Statement.

In connection with this opinion, we have (i) examined and relied upon: (A) the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, (B) the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, as currently in effect, and (C) the originals or copies certified to our satisfaction of such records, documents, certificates, memoranda and other instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinion expressed below; and (ii) assumed that the Securities to be sold by the Company will be sold at a price and on terms established by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly constituted pricing committee thereof in accordance with Section 153 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. As to certain factual matters, we have relied upon a certificate of an officer of the Company and have not independently verified such matters. In rendering this opinion, we have assumed the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures on signed documents; the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals; the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies; the accuracy, completeness and authenticity of certificates of public officials; and the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents where due authorization, execution and delivery are a prerequisite to the effectiveness thereof (except we have not made such assumption with respect to the Company). 

Our opinion is limited to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and we express no opinion with respect to the laws of any other jurisdiction. No opinion is expressed herein with respect to the qualification of the Securities under the securities or blue sky laws of any state or any foreign jurisdiction.

On the basis of the foregoing, and in reliance thereon, we are of the opinion that the Securities, when sold and issued in accordance with the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act and to the use of this Firm’s name therein and in the Prospectus Supplement under the caption “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C.

Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C.