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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

In calculating the provision for income taxes, the Company uses an estimate of the annual effective tax rate based upon the facts and circumstances at each interim period. On a quarterly basis, the estimated annual effective tax rate is adjusted, as appropriate, based upon changes in facts and circumstances, if any, as compared to those forecasted at the beginning of the fiscal year and at each interim period thereafter.

The provision for income taxes reflected U.S. federal, state and local taxes at an estimated effective tax rate of 31.4% and 39.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decrease in the estimated effective tax rate was primarily due to changes in the valuation allowances related to market adjustments on the Company’s marketable securities. For the three months ended June 30, 2017, a valuation allowance was established on a deferred tax asset associated with certain state net operating losses that could expire before being utilized.