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Investments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments

3. INVESTMENTS

 

Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities

 

The following tables provide information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading) as of the dates indicated:

     March 31, 2013
               Other-than-
        Gross  Gross   temporary
     Amortized  Unrealized  Unrealized Fair Impairments
     Cost  Gains  Losses Value in AOCI (3)
                   
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S.                
 government authorities and agencies $ 4,556 $ 98 $ - $ 4,654 $ -
Obligations of U.S. states and their political               
 subdivisions   95,765   6,993   315   102,443   -
Foreign government bonds   30,510   9,076   -   39,586   -
Public utilities   243,597   26,724   543   269,778   -
Redeemable preferred stock   -   -   -   -   -
Corporate securities   2,470,504   244,000   734   2,713,770   -
Asset-backed securities (1)   173,529   9,618   14   183,133   (1,352)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   379,751   21,141   315   400,577   -
Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)   223,510   10,757   -   234,267   (46)
  Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 3,621,722 $ 328,407 $ 1,921 $ 3,948,208 $ (1,398)
                   
Equity securities, available-for-sale               
Common Stocks               
 Mutual Funds $ 18 $ 4 $ - $ 22   
 Industrial, miscellaneous & other   -   -   -   -   
  Total equity securities, available-for-sale $ 18 $ 4 $ - $ 22   
                

  • Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
  • Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
  • Represents the amount of other-than-temporary impairment losses in “AOCI,” which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $1.8 million of net unrealized gains on impaired securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

     December 31, 2012
               Other-than-
        Gross  Gross   temporary
     Amortized  Unrealized  Unrealized Fair Impairments
     Cost  Gains  Losses Value in AOCI (3)
                   
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S.               
  government authorities and agencies$ 4,568 $ 118 $ - $ 4,686 $ -
 Obligations of U.S. states and their political              
  subdivisions  95,107   7,359   350   102,116   -
 Foreign government bonds  45,733   9,796   -   55,529   -
 Public utilities  253,566   29,554   569   282,551   -
 Redeemable preferred stock  2,565   697   -   3,262   -
 Corporate securities  2,622,982   283,117   658   2,905,441   -
 Asset-backed securities (1)  179,037   8,772   332   187,477   (3,514)
 Commercial mortgage-backed securities  369,187   25,725   10   394,902   -
 Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)  254,751   12,735   -   267,486   (48)
  Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 3,827,496 $ 377,873 $ 1,919 $ 4,203,450 $ (3,562)
                   
Equity securities, available-for-sale               
Common Stocks               
 Mutual Funds (4) $ 18 $ 4 $ - $ 22   
  Total equity securities, available-for-sale $ 18 $ 4 $ - $ 22   
                

  • Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
  • Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
  • Represents the amount of other-than-temporary impairment losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $4.1 million of net unrealized gains on impaired securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

  • Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities at March 31, 2013, are as follows:

     Available-for-Sale
     Amortized Fair
     Cost Value
          
     (in thousands)
Due in one year or less $ 1,170,549 $ 1,209,770
Due after one year through five years   712,092   808,650
Due after five years through ten years   509,424   589,668
Due after ten years   452,867   522,143
Asset-backed securities   173,529   183,133
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   379,751   400,577
Residential mortgage-backed securities   223,510   234,267
 Total $ 3,621,722 $ 3,948,208

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed, and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they are not due at a single maturity date.

 

The following table depicts the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related gross investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities:

 

    Three Months Ended
     March 31,
     2013 2012
          
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
  Proceeds from sales $ 114,927 $ 283,320
  Proceeds from maturities/repayments   206,415   149,141
  Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments, and maturities   2,792   7,138
  Gross investment losses from sales and maturities   (80)   (1)
          
Equity securities, available-for-sale      
  Proceeds from sales $ 1 $ -
  Proceeds from maturities/repayments   -   -
  Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments, and maturities   1   -
  Gross investment losses from sales and maturities   -   -
          
Fixed maturity and equity security impairments      
  Net writedowns for other-than-temporary impairment losses      
  on fixed maturities recognized in earnings (1) $ - $ (69)

  • Excludes the portion of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

As discussed in Note 2, a portion of certain OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities are recognized in OCI. For these securities the net amount recognized in earnings (“credit loss impairments”) represents the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment. Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in OCI.

The following table sets forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of the dates indicated, for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI, and the corresponding changes in such amounts.

 

   Three Months Ended
   March 31, 2013 March 31, 2012
        
    (in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$ 3,381 $ 3,542
Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down,      
 prepaid or were sold during the period  (1,614)   (18)
Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities impaired to fair value during the period   -   -
Credit loss impairment recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired  -   -
Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired  -   69
Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses  27   23
Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected     
 to be collected  (68)   (134)
Balance, end of period$ 1,726 $ 3,482

Trading Account Assets

 

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company's trading account assets as of the dates indicated:

 

     March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012
     Amortized Fair Amortized Fair
     Cost Value Cost Value
                
  (in thousands)
             
Fixed maturities $1,982 $2,014 $1,973 $2,022
Equity securities  5,308  6,416  5,217  5,894
Total trading account assets  $7,290 $8,430 $7,190 $7,916

The net change in unrealized gains and losses from trading account assets still held at period end, recorded within “Asset administration fees and other income” was $0.4 million of losses and $0.0 million of losses during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

 

The Company's commercial mortgage and other loans are comprised as follows, as of the dates indicated:

 

  March 31, 2013  December 31, 2012 
     % of     % of 
  Amount  Total  Amount  Total 
             
Commercial mortgage and other loans by property type: (in thousands)     (in thousands)    
Office$ 62,954   14.6%$ 59,074   13.8%
Retail   71,178   16.5   71,546   16.7 
Apartments/Multi-Family   118,732   27.5   120,066   28.0 
Industrial  113,894   26.4   114,619   26.7 
Hospitality  4,613   1.1   4,621   1.1 
Other  10,727   2.5   9,206   2.0 
Total commercial mortgage loans  382,098   88.5   379,132   88.3 
Agricultural property loans  49,517   11.5   50,026   11.7 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans by property type  431,615   100.0%  429,158   100.0%
Valuation allowance  (2,139)      (2,177)    
Total net commercial and agricultural mortgage loans by property type  429,476      426,981    
             
Other Loans            
Uncollateralized loans  2,740      -    
Total other loans  2,740      -    
Valuation Allowance  -      -    
Total net other loans  2,740      -    
Total commercial mortgage and other loans$ 432,216    $ 426,981    

The commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans are geographically dispersed throughout the United States, Canada and Asia with the largest concentrations in California (17%), New York (14%), and Ohio (11%) at March 31, 2013.

 

Activity in the allowance for losses for all commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated, is as follows:

     March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012
          
  (in thousands)
Allowance for losses, beginning of year $2,177 $1,501
Addition to / (release of) allowance for losses   (38)   676
Total ending balance (1) $2,139 $2,177

(1) Agricultural loans represent $0.2 million of the ending allowance at both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

 

The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated:

 

        
     March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012
     Total Loans
          
  (in thousands)
Allowance for Credit Losses:      
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ - $ -
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment (2)  2,139  2,177
Total ending balance $2,139 $2,177
          
Recorded Investment (3):      
Ending balance gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ - $ -
Ending balance gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment (2)  434,355  429,158
Total ending balance, gross of reserves $434,355 $429,158

  • There were no agricultural or uncollateralized loans individually evaluated for impairments at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
  • Agricultural loans collectively evaluated for impairment had a recorded investment of $50 million at both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and a related allowance of $0.2 million for both periods. Uncollateralized loans collectively evaluated for impairment had a recorded investment of $3 million at March 31, 2013 and $0 million at December 31, 2012, respectively, and no related allowance for both periods.
  • Recorded investment reflects the balance sheet carrying value gross of related allowance.

 

Impaired loans include those loans for which it is probable that all amounts due will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. As shown in the table above, there were no impaired commercial mortgage and other loans identified in management's specific review of probable loan losses and related allowance at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The average recorded investment in impaired loans with an allowance recorded, before the allowance for losses, was $0 million at both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

 

There was no net investment income recognized on these loans for both the periods ended March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. See Note 2 for information regarding the Company's accounting policies for non-performing loans.

 

Impaired commercial mortgage and other loans with no allowance for losses are loans in which the fair value of the collateral or the net present value of the loans' expected future cash flows equals or exceeds the recorded investment. The Company had no such loans at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. See Note 2 for information regarding the Company's accounting policies for non-performing loans.

 

As described in Note 2, loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios are measures commonly used to assess the quality of commercial mortgage and other loans. As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, 85% of the $432 million recorded investment and 85% of the $429 million recorded investment, respectively, had a loan-to-value ratio of less than 80%. As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, 95% and 96% of the recorded investment had a debt service coverage ratio of 1.0X or greater. As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately 5% or $23 million and 4% or $17 million, respectively, of the recorded investment had a loan-to-value ratio greater than 100% or debt service coverage ratio less than 1.0X, reflecting loans where the mortgage amount exceeds the collateral value or where current debt payments are greater than income from property operations; none of which related to agricultural or uncollateralized loans.

 

All commercial mortgage and other loans were in current status at both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Nonaccrual loans are those on which the accrual of interest has been suspended after the loans become 90 days delinquent as to principal or interest payments, or earlier when the Company has doubts about collectability and loans for which a loan specific reserve has been established. See Note 2 for further discussion regarding non-accrual status loans.

 

During 2012, the Company sold commercial mortgage loans to an affiliated company. See Note 7 for further discussion regarding related party transactions.

 

Commercial mortgage and other loans may occasionally be involved in a troubled debt restructuring. These restructurings generally include one or more of the following: full or partial payoffs outside of the original contract terms: changes to interest rates; extensions of maturity; or additions or modifications to covenants. Additionally, the Company may accept assets in full or partial satisfaction of the debt as part of a troubled debt restructuring. When restructurings occur, they are evaluated individually to determine whether the restructuring or modification constitutes a “troubled debt restructuring” as defined by authoritative accounting guidance. The Company does not hold any outstanding investments related to commercial mortgage and other loans that have been restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.

 

As of March 31, 2013, the Company has not committed to provide additional funds to borrowers that have been involved in a troubled debt restructuring.

 

Net Investment Income

 

Net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 was from the following sources:

 

   Three Months Ended
   March 31,
   2013 2012
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 53,294 $ 67,621
Equity securities, available-for-sale   -   -
Trading account assets   32   444
Commercial mortgage and other loans   6,128   6,822
Policy loans   114   131
Short-term investments and cash equivalents   82   200
Other long-term investments   691   738
Gross investment income   60,341   75,956
Less investment expenses   (1,801)   (2,063)
 Net investment income $ 58,540 $ 73,893

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net 

 

Realized investment gains (losses), net, for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, were from the following sources:

     Three Months Ended
     March 31,
     2013 2012
          
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities $ 2,712 $ 7,068
Equity securities   1   -
Commercial mortgage and other loans   38   (556)
Derivatives   (40,826)   (42,595)
Other   (21)   -
 Realized investment gains (losses), net $ (38,096) $ (36,083)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The balance of and changes in each component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment  Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) (1)  Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012$ 7 $ 147,280 $ 147,287
Change in other comprehensive income        
before reclassifications   (15)   (11,298)   (11,313)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI   -   (2,713)   (2,713)
Income tax benefit (expense)  5   4,904   4,909
Balance, March 31, 2013$ (3) $ 138,173 $ 138,170
         
         
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment  Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) (1)  Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2011$ - $ 160,712 $ 160,712
Change in component during period (2)  2   (13,564)   (13,562)
Balance, March 31, 2012$ 2 $ 147,148 $ 147,150

  • Includes cash flow hedges of ($1) million and ($3) million as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and ($2) million and ($1) million as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.
  • All amounts are shown net of taxes.

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) ("AOCI")
   
  Three Months Ended
  March 31, 2013
  (in thousands)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (1)(2):  
   
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):  
Cash flow hedges - Currency/Interest rate (3)$ (29)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities  2,742
Total net unrealized investment gains (losses) (4)  2,713
   
Total reclassifications for the period$ 2,713

  • All amounts are shown before tax.
  • Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
  • See Note 5 for additional information on cash flow hedges.
  • See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition and other costs, future policy benefits and policyholders' dividends.

 

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

 

Net unrealized investment gains and losses on securities classified as “available-for-sale” and certain other long-term investments and other assets are included in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from OCI those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of OCI in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains and losses, are as follows:

 

Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized

                   
         Deferred Policy       Accumulated Other
         Acquisition Costs,       Comprehensive
         Deferred Sales       Income (Loss) Related
     Net Unrealized   Inducements  Deferred   To Net Unrealized
     Gains (Losses) on    and Valuation of   Income Tax   Investment
      Investments  Business Acquired  (Liability) Benefit  Gains (Losses)
     (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012 $ 545  $ (214)  $ (100)  $ 231
Net investment (losses) gains on investments arising during               
  the period   608    -    (213)    395
Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in               
 net income    (788)    -    276    (512)
Impact of net unrealized investment (losses) gains on               
 deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements and               
 valuation of business acquired   -    85    (30)    55
Balance, March 31, 2013 $ 365  $ (129)  $ (67)  $ 169

 

All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses in AOCI

 

        Deferred Policy        Accumulated Other
        Acquisition Costs,        Comprehensive
        Deferred Sales   Policy Deferred  Income (Loss) Related
     Net Unrealized  Inducements   Holders' Income Tax   To Net Unrealized
     Gains/(Losses) on  and Valuation of   Account (Liability) Investment
     Investments (1) Business Acquired  Balances Benefit  Gains (Losses)
  (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012 $ 376,777 $ (147,089) $ (2,164) $ (80,468) $ 147,056
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during               
 the period  (46,049)   -   -   16,118   (29,931)
Reclassification adjustment for (losses) gains included in               
 net income  (1,925)   -   -   674   (1,251)
Impact of net unrealized investment (losses) gains on               
 deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements              
 and valuation of business acquired  -   31,896   -   (11,163)   20,733
                   
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on                
  policyholders' account balances   -   -   2,164   (770)   1,394
Balance, March 31, 2013 $ 328,803 $ (115,193) $ - $ (75,609) $ 138,001

 

  • Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 5 for additional discussion of our cash flow hedges.

 

 

The table below presents net unrealized gains (losses) on investments by asset class as of the dates indicated:

 

        
     March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012
          
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized $ 365 $ 545
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale - all other   326,121   375,409
Equity securities, available-for-sale   4   4
Affiliated notes   4,069   4,386
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges (1)   (1,322)   (3,068)
Other investments   (69)   46
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments and derivatives $ 329,168 $ 377,322
          
(1) See Note 5 for more information on cash flow hedges.      

Duration of Gross Unrealized Loss Positions for Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities

 

The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities and equity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:

 

    March 31, 2013
    Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total
    Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
                     
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
Obligations of U.S. States and their                   
 political subdivisions $ 7,111 $ 315 $ - $ - $ 7,111 $ 315
Corporate securities   76,285   1,077   11,881   200   88,166   1,277
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   27,901   314   407   1   28,308   315
Asset-backed securities   387   -   80   14   467   14
  Total $ 111,684 $ 1,706 $ 12,368 $ 215 $ 124,052 $ 1,921
Equity securities, available-for-sale $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -

    December 31, 2012
    Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total
    Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
                     
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
Obligations of U.S. States and their political                  
 subdivisions $ 7,090 $ 350 $ - $ - $ 7,090 $ 350
Corporate securities   35,248   897   14,867   330   50,115   1,227
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   3,326   10   -   -   3,326   10
Asset-backed securities   13,817   42   2,994   290   16,811   332
  Total $ 59,481 $ 1,299 $ 17,861 $ 620 $ 77,342 $ 1,919
Equity securities, available-for-sale $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -

The gross unrealized losses, related to fixed maturities at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, are composed of $1.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively, related to high or highest quality securities based on National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. At March 31, 2013, none of the gross unrealized losses represented declines in value of greater than 20%, as compared to $0 million at December 31, 2012, that represented declines in value of greater than 20%, $0 million of which had been in that position for less than six months. At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, the $0.2 million and $0.6 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in asset backed securities and the service and manufacturing sectors of the Company's corporate securities.

In accordance with its policy described in Note 2, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for other-than-temporary impairments for these securities was not warranted at March 31, 2013 or December 31, 2012. These conclusions are based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. The gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to credit spread widening and increased liquidity discounts. At March 31, 2013, the Company does not intend to sell the securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities before the anticipated recovery of its remaining amortized cost basis.

 

At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, there were no gross unrealized losses, related to equity securities.