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Investments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments

3. INVESTMENTS

 

Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities

 

The following tables provide information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading) as of the dates indicated:

     September 30, 2012
               Other-than-
        Gross  Gross   temporary
     Amortized  Unrealized  Unrealized Fair impairments
     Cost  Gains  Losses Value in AOCI (3)
                   
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S.                
 government authorities and agencies $ 35,363 $ 401 $ - $ 35,764 $ -
Obligations of U.S. states and their political               
 subdivisions   94,734   8,452   271   102,915   -
Foreign government bonds   45,855   10,470   -   56,325   -
Corporate securities   3,034,106   344,149   1,020   3,377,235   -
Asset-backed securities (1)   177,191   9,054   1,260   184,985   (3,704)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   399,534   30,038   43   429,529   -
Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)   323,350   17,807   -   341,157   (50)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 4,110,133 $ 420,371 $ 2,594 $ 4,527,910 $ (3,754)
                   
Equity securities, available-for-sale               
 Common Stocks               
  Industrial, miscellaneous & other $ 18 $ 4 $ - $ 22   
                

  • Includes credit tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
  • Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
  • Represents the amount of other-than-temporary impairment losses in “AOCI,” which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $4.4 million of net unrealized gains on impaired securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

     December 31, 2011 (4)
               Other-than-
        Gross  Gross   temporary
     Amortized  Unrealized  Unrealized Fair impairments
     Cost  Gains  Losses Value in AOCI (3)
                   
     (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S.               
  government authorities and agencies$ 85,196 $ 839 $ - $ 86,035 $ -
 Obligations of U.S. states and their political              
  subdivisions  85,822   8,336   -   94,158   -
 Foreign government bonds  66,449   10,782   -   77,231   -
 Corporate securities  3,585,776   369,769   4,336   3,951,209   (236)
 Asset-backed securities (1)  172,390   9,798   4,804   177,384   (3,906)
 Commercial mortgage-backed securities  463,576   28,189   8   491,757   -
 Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)  379,486   16,562   55   395,993   (55)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 4,838,695 $ 444,275 $ 9,203 $ 5,273,767 $ (4,197)
                   
Equity securities, available-for-sale               
 Common Stocks               
  Industrial, miscellaneous & other $ 2,510 $ 561 $ - $ 3,071   
                

  • Includes credit tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
  • Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
  • Represents the amount of other-than-temporary impairment losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $2.4 million of net unrealized gains on impaired securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.
  • Prior period's amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities at September 30, 2012, are as follows:

     Available-for-Sale
     Amortized Fair
     Cost Value
          
     (in thousands)
Due in one year or less $ 833,834 $ 868,462
Due after one year through five years   1,299,010   1,425,074
Due after five years through ten years   587,882   681,147
Due after ten years   489,332   597,556
Asset-backed securities   177,191   184,985
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   399,534   429,529
Residential mortgage-backed securities   323,350   341,157
 Total $ 4,110,133 $ 4,527,910

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed, and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they are not due at a single maturity date.

 

The following table depicts the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related gross investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities:

 

     Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
     September 30, September 30, 
     2012 2011 2012 2011 
                 
     (in thousands) 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale   
  Proceeds from sales $ 186,603 $ 10,700 $ 380,099 $ 562,602 
  Proceeds from maturities/repayments   282,052   146,615   655,857   376,721 
  Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments, and maturities   2,233   7,734   16,266   53,698 
  Gross investment losses from sales and maturities   (109)   (216)   (133)   (216) 
                 
Fixed maturity and equity security impairments             
  Net writedowns for other-than-temporary impairment losses             
  on fixed maturities recognized in earnings (1) $ (71) $ (559) $ (223) $ (858) 
  Writedowns for impairments on equity securities   -   3,500   -   4,250 

  • Excludes the portion of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.

As discussed in Note 2, a portion of certain OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities are recognized in OCI. For these securities the net amount recognized in earnings (“credit loss impairments”) represents the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment. Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in OCI.

The following tables set forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of the dates indicated, for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI, and the corresponding changes in such amounts.

 

   Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
   September 30, September 30,
   2012 2012
        
    (in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$ 3,387 $ 3,542
Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down,      
 prepaid or were sold during the period  (59)   (190)
Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired  71   223
Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses  28   79
Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected     
 to be collected  (114)   (341)
Balance, end of period$ 3,313 $ 3,313
        
        
   Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
   September 30, September 30,
   2011 2011
        
    (in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$ 11,201 $ 14,148
Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down,      
 prepaid or were sold during the period  (8,206)   (11,420)
Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired  558   857
Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses  55   317
Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected  (76)   (370)
 to be collected     
Balance, end of period$ 3,532 $ 3,532
 

Trading Account Assets

 

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company's trading account assets as of the dates indicated:

 

     September 30, 2012 December 31, 2011
     Amortized Fair Amortized Fair
     Cost Value Cost Value
                
  (in thousands)
             
Fixed maturities - Asset-backed securities $1,964 $2,029 $30,800 $31,571
Equity securities  5,171  5,897  6,664  7,007
Total trading account assets  $7,135 $7,926 $37,464 $38,578

The net change in unrealized gains and losses from trading account assets still held at period end, recorded within “Asset administration fees and other income” included $0.2 million of gains and ($1.1) million of losses during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and ($0.3) million and ($3.9) million of losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

 

The Company's commercial mortgage and other loans are comprised as follows, as of the dates indicated:

 

  September 30, 2012  December 31, 2011 
     % of     % of 
  Amount  Total  Amount  Total 
             
Commercial mortgage and other loans by property type: (in thousands)     (in thousands)    
Office$ 59,684   12.9%$ 60,220   13.3%
Retail   80,490   17.4   68,369   15.1 
Apartments/Multi-Family   111,297   24.0   114,900   25.5 
Industrial  144,163   31.1   144,513   32.1 
Hospitality  9,228   2.0   9,289   2.1 
Total commercial mortgage loans  404,862   87.4   397,291   88.1 
Agricultural property loans  53,815   11.6   48,964   10.9 
Other  4,597   1.0   4,605   1.0 
Total commercial mortgage and other loans  463,274   100.0%  450,860   100.0%
Valuation allowance  (2,088)      (1,501)    
Total net commercial mortgage and other loans by property type$ 461,186    $ 449,359    

The commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans are geographically dispersed throughout the United States, Canada and Asia with the largest concentrations in California (23%), New York (16%), and Ohio (10%) at September 30, 2012.

 

Activity in the allowance for losses for all commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated, is as follows:

     September 30, 2012 December 31, 2011
          
  (in thousands)
Allowance for losses, beginning of year $1,501 $2,980
Addition to / (release of) allowance for losses  587   (1,479)
Total ending balance (1) $2,088 $1,501

(1) Agricultural loans represent $0.2 million of the ending allowance at both September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans as of dates indicated:

 

        
     September 30, 2012 December 31, 2011
     Total Loans Total Loans
          
  (in thousands)
Allowance for Credit Losses:      
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ - $ -
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment (2)  2,088  1,501
Total ending balance $2,088 $1,501
          
Recorded Investment (3):      
Ending balance gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ - $ -
Ending balance gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment (2)  463,274  450,860
Total ending balance, gross of reserves $463,274 $450,860

  • There were no agricultural loans individually evaluated for impairments at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
  • Agricultural loans collectively evaluated for impairment had a recorded investment of $53.8 million and $48.9 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, and both had a related allowance of $0.2 million.
  • Recorded investment reflects the balance sheet carrying value gross of related allowance.

 

Impaired loans include those loans for which it is probable that all amounts due will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. As shown in the table above, there were no impaired commercial mortgage and other loans identified in management's specific review of probable loan losses and related allowance at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The average recorded investment in impaired loans with an allowance recorded, before the allowance for losses, was $0 million and $3 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

 

There was no net investment income recognized on these loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and for the year ended December 31, 2011. See Note 2 for information regarding the Company's accounting policies for non-performing loans.

 

Impaired commercial mortgage and other loans with no allowance for losses are loans in which the fair value of the collateral or the net present value of the loans' expected future cash flows equals or exceeds the recorded investment. The Company had no such loans at September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011. See Note 2 for information regarding the Company's accounting policies for non-performing loans.

 

As described in Note 2, loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios are measures commonly used to assess the quality of commercial mortgage and other loans. As of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, 86% or $397 million of the recorded investment and 85% or $384 million of the recorded investment, respectively, had a loan-to-value ratio of less than 80%. As of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, 92% and 96% of the recorded investment had a debt service coverage ratio of 1.0X or greater, respectively. As of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, approximately 8% or $38 million and 4% or $19 million, respectively, of the recorded investment had a loan-to-value ratio greater than 100% or debt service coverage ratio less than 1.0X, reflecting loans where the mortgage amount exceeds the collateral value or where current debt payments are greater than income from property operations; none of which related to agricultural loans.

 

All commercial mortgage and other loans were in current status including $0 million and $3.1 million of hospitality loans in non-accrual status at September 30, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively. Nonaccrual loans are those on which the accrual of interest has been suspended after the loans become 90 days delinquent as to principal or interest payments, or earlier when the Company has doubts about collectability and loans for which a loan specific reserve has been established. See Note 2 for further discussion regarding non-accrual status loans.

 

During 2011, the Company sold commercial mortgage loans to an affiliated company. See Note 7 for further discussion regarding related party transactions.

 

Commercial mortgage and other loans are occasionally restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. These restructurings generally include one or more of the following: full or partial payoffs outside of the original contract terms: changes to interest rates; extensions of maturity; or additions or modifications to covenants. Additionally, the Company may accept assets in full or partial satisfaction of the debt as part of a troubled debt restructuring. When restructurings occur, they are evaluated individually to determine whether the restructuring or modification constitutes a “troubled debt restructuring” as defined by authoritative accounting guidance. The Company's outstanding investment related to commercial mortgage and other loans that have been restructured in a troubled debt restructuring is not material.

 

As of September 30, 2012, the Company has not committed to provide additional funds to borrowers that have been involved in a troubled debt restructuring.

 

Net Investment Income

 

Net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was from the following sources:

 

   Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended
   September 30, September 30,
   2012 2011 2012 2011
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 59,419 $ 68,351 $ 190,400 $ 211,147
Equity securities, available-for-sale   -   (10)   7   333
Trading account assets   35   412   849   1,563
Commercial mortgage and other loans   6,871   6,300   20,584   21,444
Policy loans   273   158   625   564
Short-term investments and cash equivalents   140   186   503   499
Other long-term investments   6,614   (760)   7,529   252
Gross investment income   73,352   74,637   220,497   235,802
Less investment expenses   (1,981)   (1,650)   (6,056)   (5,097)
 Net investment income $ 71,371 $ 72,987 $ 214,441 $ 230,705

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net 

 

Realized investment gains (losses), net, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, were from the following sources:

     Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
     September 30, September 30, 
     2012 2011 2012 2011 
                 
     (in thousands) 
Fixed maturities $ 2,056 $ 6,959 $ 15,912 $ 52,624 
Equity securities   703   2,039   703   1,996 
Commercial mortgage and other loans   (483)   439   (588)   5,114 
Derivatives   (62,916)   46,731   (77,590)   24,451 
Other   -   (107)   -   (109) 
 Realized investment gains (losses), net $ (60,640) $ 56,061 $ (61,563) $ 84,076 

 

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

 

Net unrealized investment gains and losses on securities classified as “available-for-sale” and certain other long-term investments and other assets are included in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from OCI those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of OCI in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains and losses, are as follows:

 

Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized

                   
         Deferred Policy       Accumulated Other
         Acquisition Costs,       Comprehensive
         Deferred Sales       Income (Loss) Related
     Net Unrealized   Inducements  Deferred   To Net Unrealized
     Gains (Losses) on    and Valuation of   Income Tax   Investment
      Investments  Business Acquired  (Liability) Benefit  Gains (Losses)
     (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2011 $ (1,740)  $ 691  $ 367  $ (682)
Net investment (losses) gains on investments arising during               
  the period   2,399    -    (840)    1,559
Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in               
 net income    (1)    -    -    (1)
Impact of net unrealized investment (losses) gains on               
 deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements and               
 valuation of business acquired   -    (949)    332    (617)
Balance, September 30, 2012 $ 658  $ (258)  $ (141)  $ 259

 

All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses in AOCI

 

        Deferred Policy        Accumulated Other
        Acquisition Costs,        Comprehensive
        Deferred Sales   Policy Deferred  Income (Loss) Related
     Net Unrealized  Inducements   Holders' Income Tax   To Net Unrealized
     Gains/(Losses) on  and Valuation of   Account (Liability) Investment
     Investments (1) Business Acquired  Balances Benefit  Gains (Losses)
  (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2011 $ 441,680 $ (192,122) $ - $ (88,164) $ 161,394
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during               
 the period  (4,629)   -   -   1,620   (3,009)
Reclassification adjustment for (losses) gains included in               
 net income  (16,612)   -   -   5,814   (10,798)
Impact of net unrealized investment (losses) gains on               
 deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements and              
 and valuation of business acquired  -   30,618   -   (10,723)   19,895
                   
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on                
  policyholders' account balances   -   -   (2,279)   798   (1,481)
Balance, September 30, 2012 $ 420,439 $ (161,504)   (2,279) $ (90,655) $ 166,001

 

  • Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 5 for additional discussion of our cash flow hedges.

 

 

The table below presents net unrealized gains (losses) on investments by asset class as of the dates indicated:

 

        
     September 30, 2012 December 31, 2011
          
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized $ 658 $ (1,740)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale - all other   417,119   436,812
Equity securities, available-for-sale   4   561
Affiliated notes   4,734   5,263
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges (1)   (1,453)   (962)
Other investments   35   3
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments and derivatives $ 421,097 $ 439,937
          
 (1) See Note 5 for more information on cash flow hedges.      

Duration of Gross Unrealized Loss Positions for Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities

 

The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities and equity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:

 

    September 30, 2012
    Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total
    Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
                     
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of                  
 U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 7,183 $ 271 $ - $ - $ 7,183 $ 271
Corporate securities   37,216 $ 639   35,863   381   73,079   1,020
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   4,666   43   -   -   4,666   43
Asset-backed securities   15,455   38   31,925   1,222   47,380   1,260
Residential mortgage-backed securities   -   -   -   -   -   -
  Total $ 64,520 $ 991 $ 67,788 $ 1,603 $ 132,308 $ 2,594
Equity securities, available-for-sale $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -

    December 31, 2011
    Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total
    Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
                     
  (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale  
Corporate securities $ 129,881 $ 4,010 $ 1,130 $ 326 $ 131,011 $ 4,336
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   7,014   8   -   -   7,014   8
Asset-backed securities   48,831   782   28,430   4,022   77,261   4,804
Residential mortgage-backed securities   484   55   -   -   484   55
  Total $ 186,210 $ 4,855 $ 29,560 $ 4,348 $ 215,770 $ 9,203
Equity securities, available-for-sale $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -

The gross unrealized losses, related to fixed maturities at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are composed of $1.5 million and $5.4 million, respectively, related to high or highest quality securities based on National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $1.1 million and $3.8 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. At September 30, 2012, none of the gross unrealized losses represented declines in value of greater than 20%, as compared to $3.4 million at December 31, 2011 that represented declines in value of greater than 20%, $0.3 million of which had been in that position for less than six months. At September 30, 2012, the $1.6 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in asset backed securities and the service and manufacturing sectors of the Company's corporate securities. At December 31, 2011, $4.3 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in asset backed securities, $1.7 million in services and $1.1 million in manufacturing sector of the Company's corporate securities.

In accordance with its policy described in Note 2, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for other-than-temporary impairments for these securities was not warranted at September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011. These conclusions are based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. The gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to credit spread widening and increased liquidity discounts. At September 30, 2012, the Company does not intend to sell the securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities before the anticipated recovery of its remaining amortized cost basis.

 

At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, there were no gross unrealized losses, related to equity securities that represented declines of greater than 20%.