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FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - PREDECESSOR COMPANY
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - PREDECESSOR COMPANY FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - SUCCESSOR COMPANY
Fair Value Measurement – Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The authoritative fair value guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 - Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets and liabilities primarily include cash and cash equivalents, equity securities, and derivative contracts that trade on an active exchange market.

Level 2 - Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, and other market observable inputs. The Company’s Level 2 assets and liabilities include: fixed maturity securities (corporate public and private bonds, most government securities, certain asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, etc.), certain equity securities (mutual funds, which do not trade in active markets because they are not publicly available), short-term investments, and certain OTC derivatives.

Level 3 - Fair value is based on at least one significant unobservable input for the asset or liability. The assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining the fair value. The Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities primarily include: certain private fixed maturities and equity securities, and certain manually priced public fixed maturities. Also included, for the Predecessor company only, were certain highly structured OTC derivatives and embedded derivatives resulting from reinsurance or certain products with guaranteed benefits.

Fair Value Option Election

As discussed in Note 2, we have elected to adopt the fair value option for several of our financial assets and liabilities. The following are the financial assets and liabilities for which we have elected the fair value option:

Fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Secured receivable
Mortgage and other loans
Reinsurance recoverable
Separate account assets and liabilities
Net modified coinsurance receivable
Deposit asset
Insurance liabilities
See further below for a discussion of the Successor Company's valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy.
Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level – The table below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis:

Successor Company
December 31, 2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
(in millions)
Total Business
Assets
Fixed Maturity Securities
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$— $696 $— $— $696 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions— 166 — — 166 
Foreign government bonds— — — 
U.S. corporate public securities— 2,796 — — 2,796 
U.S. corporate private securities— 144 146 — 290 
Foreign corporate public securities— 211 — — 211 
Foreign corporate private securities— 31 36 — 67 
Asset-backed securities(2)— 377 155 — 532 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 43 — — 43 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 218 — — 218 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities$— $4,687 $337 $— $5,024 
Equity securities175 — — — 175 
Mortgage and other loans— — 196 — 196 
Short-term investments— 42 — — 42 
Cash and cash equivalents872 — — — 872 
Other invested assets(3)46 621 — (582)85 
Deposit asset— — 607 — 607 
Reinsurance recoverables— — 235 — 235 
Net modified coinsurance receivable— — 18 — 18 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets1,093 5,350 1,393 (582)7,254 
Separate account assets— 23,601 — — 23,601 
Total assets$1,093 $28,951 $1,393 $(582)$30,855 
Liabilities
Insurance liabilities— — 5,546 — 5,546 
Other liabilities - derivatives— 1,076 — (875)201 
Separate account liabilities— 23,601 — — 23,601 
Total liabilities$— $24,677 $5,546 $(875)$29,348 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent offsetting considerations as disclosed in Note 5.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At December 31, 2022, the fair values of such investments were $345 million. See Note 4 for further details.
The table below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis for the Retained Business:

Successor Company
 December 31, 2022
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
 (in millions)
Retained Business
Assets
Fixed Maturity Securities
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$— $582 $— $— $582 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions— 136 — — 136 
Foreign government bonds— — — — — 
U.S. corporate public securities— 2,018 — — 2,018 
U.S. corporate private securities— — 146 — 146 
Foreign corporate public securities— 122 — — 122 
Foreign corporate private securities— — 36 — 36 
Asset-backed securities(2)— 358 155 — 513 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 43 — — 43 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 20 — — 20 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities$— $3,279 $337 $— $3,616 
Mortgage and other loans— — 196 — 196 
Short-term investments— — — 
Cash and cash equivalents433 — — — 433 
Other invested assets(3)46 386 — (347)85 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets479 3,668 533 (347)4,333 
Separate account assets— 21,558 — — 21,558 
Total assets$479 $25,226 $533 $(347)$25,891 
Liabilities
Insurance liabilities— — 2,941 — 2,941 
Other liabilities - derivatives— 602 — (602)— 
Separate account liabilities— 21,558 — — 21,558 
Total liabilities$— $22,160 $2,941 $(602)$24,499 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent offsetting considerations as disclosed in Note 5.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets within the above chart are comprised of derivatives. Excluded from the above chart are private equity funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At December 31, 2022, the fair values of such investments were $344 million. See Note 4 for further details.
The table below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis for the Ceded Business:

Successor Company
December 31, 2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
(in millions)
Ceded Business
Assets
Fixed Maturity Securities
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$— $114 $— $— $114 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions— 30 — — 30 
Foreign government bonds— — — 
U.S. corporate public securities— 778 — — 778 
U.S. corporate private securities— 144 — — 144 
Foreign corporate public securities— 89 — — 89 
Foreign corporate private securities— 31 — — 31 
Asset-backed securities(2)— 19 — — 19 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— — — — — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 198 — — 198 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities$— $1,408 $— $— $1,408 
Equity securities175 — — — 175 
Short-term investments— 39 — — 39 
Cash and cash equivalents439 — — — 439 
Other invested assets(3)— 235 — (235)— 
Deposit asset— — 607 — 607 
Reinsurance recoverables— — 235 — 235 
Net modified coinsurance receivable— — 18 — 18 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets614 1,682 860 (235)2,921 
Separate account assets— 2,043 — — 2,043 
Total assets$614 $3,725 $860 $(235)$4,964 
Liabilities
Insurance liabilities— — 2,605 — 2,605 
Other liabilities - derivatives— 473 — (272)201 
Separate account liabilities— 2,043 — — 2,043 
Total liabilities$— $2,516 $2,605 $(272)$4,849 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent offsetting considerations as disclosed in Note 4.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets within the above chart are comprised of derivatives. Excluded from the above chart are private equity funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At December 31, 2022, the fair values of such investments were $1 million. See Note 4 for further details.
The methods and assumptions the Company uses to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.

Fixed Maturity Securities – Whenever available, we obtain quoted prices in active markets for identical assets at the balance sheet date to measure fixed maturity securities at fair value. Market price data is generally obtained from dealer markets. We employ multiple independent third-party valuation service providers that gather, analyze, and interpret market information to derive fair value estimates for individual investments, based upon market-accepted methodologies and assumptions. The methodologies used by these independent third-party valuation service providers are reviewed and understood by management, through periodic discussion with and information provided by the independent third-party valuation service providers, and a vendor hierarchy is maintained by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. The Company ultimately uses the price from the pricing service highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type. The pricing hierarchy is updated for new financial products and recent pricing experience with various vendors. In addition, control processes are applied to the fair values received from independent third-party valuation service providers to determine the accuracy of these values.

These control processes are designed to assess whether the fair values received from independent third-party valuation service providers are accurately recorded, that their data inputs and valuation techniques are appropriate and consistently applied and that the assumptions used appear reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value. We assess the reasonableness of individual security values received from independent third-party valuation service providers through various analytical techniques, review of various pricing integrity reports and pricing trends, back testing, and have procedures to escalate related questions internally and to the independent third-party valuation service providers for resolution. To assess the degree of pricing consensus among various valuation service providers for specific asset types, we conduct comparisons of prices received from available sources. We use these comparisons to establish a hierarchy for the fair values received from independent third-party valuation service providers to be used for particular security classes. We also validate prices for selected securities through reviews by members of management who have relevant expertise and who are independent of those charged with executing investing transactions.

When observable price quotations are not available, internally-developed valuations or indicative broker quotes are also used to determine fair value in circumstances, or where the Company ultimately concludes that pricing information received from the independent pricing services is not reflective of market activity. If the Company concludes the values from both pricing services and brokers are not reflective of market activity, it may override the information with an internally developed valuation. Fair value is determined based on discounted cash flow models using discount rates based on credit spreads, yields or price levels of comparable securities, adjusted for illiquidity and structure. Fair values determined internally are also subject to management review to determine whether the valuation models and related inputs are reasonable. Pricing service overrides, internally-developed valuations and indicative broker quotes are generally included in Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Equity Securities – Equity securities consist principally of investments in common and preferred stock of publicly traded companies, privately traded securities, as well as mutual fund shares. The fair values of most publicly traded equity securities are based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Derivative Instruments (Other invested assets and other liabilities) – The fair values of derivative contracts can be affected by changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, credit spreads, market volatility, expected returns, NPR, liquidity and other factors.

The Company's exchange-traded futures and options include treasury and equity futures. Exchange-traded futures and options are valued using quoted prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.
The majority of the Company’s derivative positions are traded in the OTC derivative market and are classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. OTC derivatives classified within Level 2 are valued using models that utilize actively quoted or observable market input from external market data providers, third-party pricing vendors and/or recent trading activity. The Company’s policy is to use mid-market pricing in determining its best estimate of fair value. The fair values of most OTC derivatives, including interest rate and cross-currency swaps, currency forward contracts and credit default swaps are determined using discounted cash flow models. The fair values of European style option contracts are determined using Black-Scholes option pricing models. These models’ key inputs include the contractual terms of the respective contract, along with significant observable inputs, including interest rates, currency rates, credit spreads, equity prices, index dividend yields, NPR, volatility and other factors.

The Company’s cleared interest rate swaps and credit derivatives linked to an index are valued using models that utilize actively quoted or observable market inputs, including the secured overnight financing rate ("SOFR"), obtained from external market data providers, third-party pricing vendors, and/or recent trading activity. These derivatives are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Mortgage and other loans – Fair value for mortgage and other loans is primarily based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate or foreign government bond rate (for non-U.S. dollar-denominated loans) plus an appropriate credit spread for loans of similar quality, average life, and currency. The quality ratings for these loans, a primary determinant of the credit spreads and a significant component of the pricing process, are based on an internally-developed methodology. Certain mortgage and other loans are valued incorporating other factors, including the terms of the loans, the principal exit strategies for the loans, prevailing interest rates and credit risk. The difference in the aggregate fair value and unpaid principal balance of mortgage and other loans was de minimis at December 31, 2022. There were no mortgage and other loans that were 90 days or more past due or were in nonaccrual status at December 31, 2022.

Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments – Cash equivalents and short-term investments include money market instruments and other highly liquid debt instruments. Certain money market instruments are valued using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible for identical assets and are primarily classified as Level 1.

Separate account assets and liabilities – Separate account assets include fixed maturity securities, treasuries, equity securities, mutual funds and commercial mortgage loans for which values are determined consistent with similar instruments described above under “Fixed Maturity Securities” and “Equity Securities”. Separate account liabilities are recorded at the amount credited to the contractholder, which reflects the change in fair value of the corresponding separate account assets including contractholder deposits less withdrawals and fees.

Reinsurance recoverable – The reinsurance recoverable represents a recoverable that backs the insurance liabilities under the reinsurance agreement regarding the business reinsured to Prudential Insurance. The reinsurance recoverable is recorded to match the associated insurance liabilities, which are recorded at fair value. Accordingly, the fair value of our reinsurance recoverable is determined by the fair value calculation of our insurance liabilities. See discussion of the fair value determination for insurance liabilities below.

Modified coinsurance agreement receivables and payables – The modified coinsurance receivable represents the reserve credits for the insurance liabilities covered under the reinsurance agreements regarding our variable annuity base contracts, along with guaranteed benefits. The modified coinsurance receivable is recorded to match the associated insurance liabilities, which are recorded at fair value. Accordingly, the fair value of our modified coinsurance receivable is determined by the fair value calculation of our insurance liabilities. See our discussion of the fair value determination for insurance liabilities below. Similarly, the modified coinsurance payable primarily represents the fair value of the cession of assets backing the ceded insurance liabilities under the reinsurance agreement. Accordingly, the fair value of the modified coinsurance payable is calculated to match the fair value of the assets under the reinsurance agreement. See our discussion of the fair value determination for the respective assets within the modified coinsurance portfolio, which are included in our discussion of fair value herein.

Deposit asset – The deposit asset represents assets, held in trust by the reinsurer, that back the insurance liabilities under the reinsurance agreement regarding our fixed indexed annuities and fixed annuities with a guaranteed lifetime withdrawal income. The deposit is recorded to match the associated insurance liabilities, which are recorded at fair value. Accordingly, the fair value of our deposit asset is determined by the fair value calculation of our insurance liabilities. See discussion of the fair value determination for insurance liabilities below.

Insurance liabilities – Our insurance liabilities are primarily comprised of guarantees primarily associated with the living
benefit features of certain variable annuity contracts, including guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”), guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”) and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”). These are optional riders that are added to the base variable annuity contract, which includes Mortality and Expense charges (M&E) and contract charges. The fair values of these liabilities are calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers, anticipated future trail commissions paid to agents and certain administrative expenses less the present value of future expected rider fees, M&E charges, contract charges and the anticipated future reimbursement of certain asset management fees. This methodology could result in either a liability or asset balance, given changing capital market conditions and various actuarial assumptions. Since there is no observable active market for the transfer of these obligations, the valuations are calculated using internally developed models with option pricing techniques. The models are based on a risk neutral valuation framework and incorporate premiums for risks inherent in valuation techniques, inputs, and the general uncertainty around the timing and amount of future cash flows. The determination of these risk premiums requires the use of management's judgment.

The significant inputs to the valuation models include capital market assumptions, such as interest rate levels and volatility assumptions, as well as actuarially determined assumptions, including contractholder behavior, such as lapse rates, benefit utilization rates, withdrawal rates, and mortality rates. Since many of these assumptions are unobservable and are considered to be significant inputs to the liability valuation, the insurance liabilities have been reflected within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
Quantitative Information Regarding Internally-Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
Successor Company
 December 31, 2022
 Fair ValueValuation
Techniques
Unobservable
Inputs
MinimumMaximumWeighted
Average
Impact of 
Increase in Input on Fair Value(1)
 (in millions)
Assets:
Retained business
U.S. corporate private securities$146 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate4.75 %8.03 %6.56 %Decrease
Foreign corporate public securities36 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate4.33 %6.38 %5.36 %Decrease
Asset-backed securities155 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate7.19 %8.51 %7.94 %Decrease
Mortgage and other loans
 Residential mortgage loans161 Level yieldMarket yield5.759.978.40Increase
Commercial mortgage loans35 Trade priceTrade priceN/AN/AN/AIncrease
Ceded business
Deposit asset607 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as insurance liabilities.
Reinsurance recoverables235 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as insurance liabilities.
Net modified coinsurance receivable18 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as insurance liabilities.
Liabilities:
Retained business
Insurance liabilities (1)$2,941 Discounted cash flowLapse rate%20 %Decrease
Spread over risk-free0.00 %2.43 %Decrease
Utilization rate92.5 %100 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (2) below
Mortality rate %16 %Decrease
Ceded business  Equity volatility curve19.5 %26 % Increase
Insurance liabilities (1)$2,605 Discounted cash flowLapse rate%20 %Decrease
Spread over risk-free0.00 %2.21 %Decrease
Utilization rate92.5 %100 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (2) below
Mortality rate %16 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve19.5 %26 %Increase
(1) See Note 7 - Insurance liabilities for further discussion regarding the unobservable inputs noted above.
(2) The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of December 31, 2022, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 77% and the maximum withdrawal rate assumption may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.
Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs – In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another, or multiple, inputs. Examples of such interrelationships for significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities are as follows:

Corporate Securities – The rate used to discount future cash flows reflects current risk-free rates plus credit and liquidity spread requirements that market participants would use to value an asset. The discount rate may be influenced by many factors, including market cycles, expectations of default, collateral, term and asset complexity. Each of these factors can influence discount rates, either in isolation, or in response to other factors. During weaker economic cycles, as the expectations of default increases, credit spreads widen, which results in a decrease in fair value.

Insurance Liabilities, at fair value – The Company expects efficient benefit utilization and withdrawal rates to generally be correlated with lapse rates. However, behavior is highly dependent on the facts and circumstances surrounding the individual contractholder, such as their liquidity needs or tax situation, which could drive lapse behavior independent of other contractholder behavior assumptions. To the extent that more efficient contractholder behavior results in greater in-the-moneyness at the contract level, lapse rates may decline for those contracts. Similarly, to the extent that increases in equity volatility are correlated with overall declines in the capital markets, lapse rates may decline as contracts become more in-the-money.

Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities, by business segment, and in the aggregate. In addition, the following tables include the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.
Successor Company
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2022
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in millions)
Retained Business
Fixed maturity securities
U.S. corporate private securities$— $(6)$152 $— $— $— $— $— $— $146 $(6)
Foreign corporate private securities— (10)46 — — — — — — 36 (10)
Asset-backed securities— (5)160 — — — — — — 155 (5)
Mortgage and other loans
Residential mortgage loans— — 168 — — (7)— — — 161 — 
Commercial mortgage loans— — 35 — — — — — — 35 — 
Ceded Business
Secured receivable1,622 (59)22 (75)— — (1,510)— — — — 
Deposit asset2,596 (117)— — — — (1,872)— — 607 — 
Reinsurance recoverables250 (15)— — — — — — — 235 — 
Net modified coinsurance receivable68 (50)— — — — — — — 18 — 


Successor Company
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2022
Incurred losses
Fair Value, beginning of periodReduction in estimates of ultimate lossesIncrease in estimates of ultimate lossesChange in fair value (discount rate)Paid lossesOtherFair Value, end of period
(in millions)
Insurance liabilities
Retained Business$3,362 $(632)$1,759 $(1,863)$282 $33 $2,941 
Ceded Business10,249 (7,463)177 (403)33 12 2,605 
Total Insurance liabilities$13,611 $(8,095)$1,936 $(2,266)$315 $45 $5,546 

“Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)” related to our level 3 assets are included in earnings in Investment gains (losses). In addition, all activity related to our level 3 insurance liabilities are recognized in earnings within change in Policyholders' benefits and changes in fair value of insurance liabilities.
Change in Fair Value of Insurance Contracts

The components of the change in fair value of our insurance contracts are reported in several line items within Revenues and Benefits and expenses in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The revenue items include Premiums, Policy charges and fee income, and Asset management and service fees. The Benefits and expenses items include Policyholders' benefits and changes in fair value of insurance liabilities and commission expense. Policyholders' benefits and changes in fair value of insurance liabilities includes the following changes in fair value of the assets and liabilities for which we have elected the fair value option:
December 31, 2022
Retained BusinessCeded BusinessTotal
(in millions)
Assets:
Reinsurance recoverables$— $(15)$(15)
Modified coinsurance receivable— (5,640)(5,640)
Deposit asset— (1,989)(1,989)
Liabilities:
Insurance liabilities$(421)$(7,644)$(8,065)

Changes in the modified coinsurance payable are reported in Policyholders’ benefits and changes in fair value of insurance liabilities, however, they are not included in the above chart as they relate to the investment portfolio within the modified coinsurance agreement.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. In some cases the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.

 December 31, 2022
Fair ValueCarrying
Amount
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in millions)
Assets:
Accrued investment income$— $52 $— $52 $52 
Other invested assets - Policy loans— — 11 11 11 
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements$— $311 $— $311 $311 
Cash collateral for loaned securities— 106 — 106 106 

The fair values presented above have been determined by using available market information and by applying market valuation methodologies, as described in more detail below.

Policy Loans - Policy loans carrying value approximates fair value.

Accrued Investment Income - The Company believes that due to the short-term nature of these assets, the carrying value approximates fair value.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase - The Company receives collateral for selling securities under agreements to repurchase, or pledges collateral under agreements to resell. Repurchase and resale agreements are also generally short-term in nature and, therefore, the carrying amounts of these instruments approximate fair value.

Cash Collateral for Loaned Securities - Cash collateral for loaned securities represents the collateral received or paid in connection with loaning or borrowing securities, similar to the securities sold under agreement to repurchase above. Due to the short-term nature of these transactions, the carrying value approximates fair value.
FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - PREDECESSOR COMPANY
Fair Value Measurement – See Note 6 - “Fair value of assets and liabilities - Successor Company”.

See further below for a discussion of the Company's valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy.

Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level – The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.

Predecessor Company
 December 31, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting (1)Total
 (in millions)
Assets
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$— $727 $— $— $727 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions— 296 — — 296 
Foreign government bonds— 114 — — 114 
U.S. corporate public securities— 2,460 — — 2,460 
U.S. corporate private securities— 1,556 89 — 1,645 
Foreign corporate public securities— 795 — — 795 
Foreign corporate private securities— 791 101 — 892 
Asset-backed securities(2)— 1,039 23 — 1,062 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 674 32 — 706 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 54 20 — 74 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities, available-for-sale$— $8,506 $265 $— $8,771 
Fixed maturities, trading— 27 — — 27 
Equity securities321 — — 322 
Short-term investments519 263 13 — 795 
Cash equivalents372 1,359 — 1,739 
Other invested assets(3)1,477 — (1,475)
Other assets— — 400 — 400 
Reinsurance recoverables— — 1,881 — 1,881 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets$1,213 $11,632 $2,568 $(1,475)$13,938 
Separate account assets(4)— 32,267 — — 32,267 
Total assets$1,213 $43,899 $2,568 $(1,475)$46,205 
Liabilities
Future policy benefits(5)— — 4,060 — 4,060 
Policyholders' account balances— — 2,041 — 2,041 
Payables to parent and affiliates— 1,367 — (1,152)215 
Other liabilities— — (1)— 
Total liabilities$$1,367 $6,101 $(1,153)$6,316 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent offsetting considerations as disclosed in Note 15. “Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $321 million as of December 31, 2021.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At December 31, 2021, the fair values of such investments were $10.0 million.
(4)Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in Statements of Financial Position.
(5)As of December 31, 2021, the net embedded derivative liability position of $4,060 million includes $62 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $4,122 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position.

The methods and assumptions the Company uses to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below. For discussion regarding fixed maturity securities, equity securities, derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and separate account assets/liabilities see Note 6.

Receivable from Parent and Affiliates (Predecessor Company only) – Receivables from parent and affiliates carried at fair value include affiliated bonds within the Company’s legal entity where fair value is determined consistent with similar securities described above under “Fixed Maturity Securities” managed by affiliated asset managers.

Other assets Other assets consists primarily of deposit assets related to reinsurance agreements using deposit accounting under U.S. GAAP, which include amounts representing the fair value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the index-linked features of certain annuity products. The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value are consistent with those described below in “Policyholders' account balances”.

Reinsurance Recoverables – Reinsurance recoverables carried at fair value include the reinsurance of the Company’s living benefit guarantees on certain variable annuity contracts as well as variable indexed annuities. Living benefit guarantees are accounted for as embedded derivatives and are recorded in “Reinsurance recoverables” or “Reinsurance payables” when fair value is in an asset or liability position, respectively, whereas the variable indexed annuities are presented on a net basis. The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value are consistent with those described below in “Future policy benefits”. The reinsurance agreements covering these guarantees are derivatives with fair value determined in the same manner as the living benefit guarantee.

Future Policy Benefits – The liability for future policy benefits is related to guarantees primarily associated with the living benefit features of certain variable annuity contracts, including guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”), accounted for as embedded derivatives. The fair values of these liabilities are calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers less the present value of future expected rider fees attributable to the embedded derivative feature. This methodology could result in either a liability or asset balance, given changing capital market conditions and various actuarial assumptions. Since there is no observable active market for the transfer of these obligations, the valuations are calculated using internally developed models with option pricing techniques. The models are based on a risk neutral valuation framework and incorporate premiums for risks inherent in valuation techniques, inputs, and the general uncertainty around the timing and amount of future cash flows. The determination of these risk premiums requires the use of management's judgment.

The significant inputs to the valuation models for these embedded derivatives include capital market assumptions, such as interest rate levels and volatility assumptions, the Company’s market-perceived NPR, as well as actuarially determined assumptions, including contractholder behavior, such as lapse rates, benefit utilization rates, withdrawal rates, and mortality rates. Since many of these assumptions are unobservable and are considered to be significant inputs to the liability valuation, the liability included in future policy benefits has been reflected within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Capital market inputs and actual policyholders’ account values are updated each quarter based on capital market conditions as of the end of the quarter, including interest rates, equity markets and volatility. In the risk neutral valuation, the initial swap curve drives the total return used to grow the policyholders’ account values. The Company’s discount rate assumption is based on the LIBOR swap curve adjusted for an additional spread relative to LIBOR to reflect NPR.

Actuarial assumptions, including contractholder behavior and mortality, are reviewed at least annually, and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data. These assumptions are generally updated annually unless a material change that the Company feels is indicative of a long-term trend is observed in an interim period.
Policyholders' Account Balances - The liability for policyholders’ account balances is related to certain embedded derivative instruments associated with certain annuity products that provide the policyholders with the index-linked interest credited over contract specified term periods. The fair values of these liabilities are determined using discounted cash flow models which include capital market assumptions such as interest rates and equity index volatility assumptions, the Company’s market-perceived NPR and actuarially determined assumptions for mortality, lapses and projected hedge costs.

As there is no observable active market for these liabilities, the fair value is determined as the present value of account balances paid to policyholders in excess of contractually guaranteed minimums using option pricing techniques for index term periods that contain deposits as of the valuation date, and the expected option budget for future index term periods, where the terms of index crediting rates have not yet been declared by the Company. Premiums for risks inherent in valuation techniques, inputs, and the general uncertainty around the timing and amount of future cash flows are also incorporated in the fair value of these liabilities. Since the valuation of these liabilities require the use of management’s judgment to determine these risk premiums and the use of unobservable inputs, these liabilities are reflected within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Capital market inputs, including interest rates and equity markets volatility, and actual policyholders’ account values are updated each quarter. Actuarial assumptions are reviewed at least annually and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data. Aside from these annual updates, assumptions are generally updated only if a material change is observed in an interim period that the Company believes is indicative of a long-term trend.
Quantitative Information Regarding Internally-Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
Predecessor Company
 December 31, 2021
 Fair ValueValuation
Techniques
Unobservable
Inputs
MinimumMaximumWeighted
Average
Impact of 
Increase in Input on Fair Value(1)
 (in millions)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)$163 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate2.34 %10.17 %2.82 %Decrease
Market ComparablesEBITDA multiples(3)6.5 X12.4 X8.8 XIncrease
LiquidationLiquidation rate62.58 %62.58 %62.58 %Increase
Other assets400 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as policyholders' account balances.
Reinsurance recoverables1,881 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as future policy benefits and policyholders' account balances.
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(4)$4,060 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)%20 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.03 %1.13 %Decrease
Utilization rate(8)39 %96 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (9) below.
Mortality rate (10)%15 %Decrease
   Equity volatility curve16 %25 % Increase
Policyholders' account balances(6)$2,041 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)%42 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.03 %1.17 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve%31 %Increase

(1)Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on fair value as that presented in the table.
(2)Includes assets classified as fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale and fixed maturity securities, trading as of December 31, 2021.
(3)Represents multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), and are amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when valuing the investments.
(4)Future policy benefits primarily represent general account liabilities for the living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(5)Policyholders’ account balances primarily represent general account liabilities for the index-linked interest credited on certain of the Company’s annuity products that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than a weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(6)Lapse rates for contracts with living benefit guarantees are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates for contracts with index-linked crediting guarantees may be adjusted at the contract level based on the applicability of any surrender charges, product type, and market related factors such as interest rates. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for the purposes of valuing these embedded derivatives.
(7)The spread over the SOFR and LIBOR swap curve represents the premium added to the proxy for the risk-free rate (SOFR/LIBOR) to reflect the Company's estimates of rates that a market participant would use to value the living benefits in both the accumulation and payout phases and index-linked interest crediting guarantees. This spread includes an estimate of NPR, which is the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled by the Company. NPR is primarily estimated by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium. In order to reflect the financial strength ratings of the Company, credit spreads associated with funding agreements, as opposed to credit
spread associated with debt, are utilized in developing this estimate because funding agreements, living benefit guarantees, and index-linked interest crediting guarantees are insurance liabilities and are therefore senior to debt.
(8)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception. The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale, and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.
(9)The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of December 31, 2021, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 76% and the maximum withdrawal rate assumption may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.
(10)The range reflects the mortality rates for the vast majority of business with living benefits, with policyholders ranging from 45 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain other contracts do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders with mortality rates approaching 0% for certain benefits. Mortality rates may vary by product, age, and duration. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.

Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another, or multiple, inputs. Examples of such interrelationships for significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities are as follows:

Corporate Securities – The rate used to discount future cash flows reflects current risk-free rates plus credit and liquidity spread requirements that market participants would use to value an asset. The discount rate may be influenced by many factors, including market cycles, expectations of default, collateral, term and asset complexity. Each of these factors can influence discount rates, either in isolation, or in response to other factors. During weaker economic cycles, as the expectations of default increases, credit spreads widen, which results in a decrease in fair value.

Future Policy Benefits – The Company expects efficient benefit utilization and withdrawal rates to generally be correlated with lapse rates. However, behavior is highly dependent on the facts and circumstances surrounding the individual contractholder, such as their liquidity needs or tax situation, which could drive lapse behavior independent of other contractholder behavior assumptions. To the extent that more efficient contractholder behavior results in greater in-the-moneyness at the contract level, lapse rates may decline for those contracts. Similarly, to the extent that increases in equity volatility are correlated with overall declines in the capital markets, lapse rates may decline as contracts become more in-the-money.

Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.
Predecessor Company
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. government$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Corporate securities(4)190 (9)(4)— (2)— — — 180 (9)
Structured securities(5)76 (4)— (10)— (2)— — (13)47 (4)
Other assets:
Equity securities— — — — — — — — — 
Short term investments13 — — — — (13)— — — — — 
Cash equivalents— — — — (8)— — — — — 
Other assets400 (21)13 — — (16)— — — 376 (6)
Reinsurance recoverables1,881 201 — — 19 (239)— — 1,866 222 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(4,060)715 — — (48)— — — — (3,393)686 
Policyholders' account balances(6)
(2,041)124 — — — (17)— — — (1,934)89 
Predecessor Company
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (losses)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (losses)
(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$— $— $(12)$— $— $— $(12)
Other assets:
Other assets(21)— — — (6)— — 
Reinsurance recoverables201 — — — 222 — — 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits715 — — — 686 — — 
Policyholders' account balances124 — — — 89 — — 
Predecessor Company
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther(2)
Transfers into Level 3
Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Government$15 $— $— $(15)$— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Corporate Securities(4)149 (4)260 (11)— (55)(158)17 (8)190 (5)
Structured Securities(5)19 261 — — (8)(33)31 (195)76 
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading— — — — — — (7)— — 
Equity securities— — — — — (3)— — 
Short-term investments10 — 35 — — (32)(1)— 13 — 
Cash equivalents— — — — — — — — — 
Other assets54 (38)15 — — (13)382 — — 400 12 
Reinsurance recoverables409 (153)17 — 245 — 1,363 — — 1,881 (136)
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(17,314)13,934 — — (680)— — — — (4,060)1,425 
Policyholders' account balances(6)(580)(1,075)— — (386)— — — — (2,041)39 

Predecessor Company
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (losses)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (losses)
(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(5)$— $$— $(6)$— $
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading— — — — — — — 
Equity securities— — — — — — 
Short-term investments— — — — — — — 
Cash equivalents— — — — — — — 
Other assets(38)— — — 12 — — 
Reinsurance recoverables(153)— — — (136)— — 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits13,934 — — — 1,425 — — 
Policyholders' account balances(1,075)— — — 39 — — 
Predecessor Company
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in millions)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$— $— $(2)$— $(1)$— $(7)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading— — — — — 
Equity securities— — — — — — 
Other assets14 — — — 13 — — 
Reinsurance recoverables89 — — — 97 — — 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(4,340)— — — (4,711)— — 
Policyholders' account balances(202)— — — (168)— — 

(1)Realized investment gains (losses) on future policy benefits and reinsurance recoverables primarily represent the change in the fair value of the Company's living benefit guarantees on certain of its variable annuity contracts. Refer to Note 20 for impacts to Realized investments gains (losses), net related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture and the Affiliated Reinsurance Agreement.
(2)“Other” represents noncash transfers related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture and the Affiliated Reinsurance Agreement. Refer to Note 20 for additional information.
(3)Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(4)Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities.
(5)Includes asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities.
(6)Issuances and settlements for Policyholders' account balances are presented net in the rollforward.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. In some cases the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.
Predecessor Company
 December 31, 2021
 Fair ValueCarrying
Amount(1)
 Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in millions)
Assets:
Commercial mortgage and other loans$— $— $1,516 $1,516 $1,504 
Policy loans— — 12 12 12 
Short-term investments81 — — 81 81 
Cash and cash equivalents277 — — 277 277 
Accrued investment income— 61 — 61 61 
Reinsurance recoverables— — 
Receivables from parent and affiliates— — 
Other assets— 2,275 2,279 2,279 
Total assets$358 $70 $3,812 $4,240 $4,227 
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts$— $— $2,391 $2,391 $2,381 
Payables to parent and affiliates— 36 — 36 36 
Other liabilities— 105 — 105 105 
Separate account liabilities - investment contracts— — — — — 
Total liabilities$— $141 $2,391 $2,532 $2,522 

(1)Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments.
The fair values presented above have been determined by using available market information and by applying market valuation methodologies, as described in more detail below.
Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
The fair value of most commercial mortgage loans is based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate or foreign government bond rate (for non-U.S. dollar-denominated loans) plus an appropriate credit spread for loans of similar quality, average life and currency. The quality ratings for these loans, a primary determinant of the credit spreads and a significant component of the pricing process, are based on an internally-developed methodology. Certain commercial mortgage loans are valued incorporating other factors, including the terms of the loans, the principal exit strategies for the loans, prevailing interest rates and credit risk.
Policy Loans
Policy loans carrying value approximates fair value.
Short-Term Investments, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Accrued Investment Income and Receivables from Parent and Affiliates
The Company believes that due to the short-term nature of certain assets, the carrying value approximates fair value. These assets include: certain short-term investments which are not securities, are recorded at amortized cost; cash and cash equivalent instruments; and accrued investment income.
Other Assets
Other assets for the current year consists primarily of deposit assets related to the reinsurance agreement with Pruco Life. For the prior year, other assets consisted primarily of deposit assets related to the reinsurance agreement with a third-party reinsurer. Both reinsurance agreements are using deposit accounting under U.S. GAAP. Also included are other assets that meet the definition of financial instruments, including receivables such as unsettled trades and accounts receivable.
Reinsurance Recoverables and Reinsurance Payables
Reinsurance recoverables and reinsurance payables include corresponding receivables and payables associated with reinsurance arrangements between the Company and related parties. See Note 8 for additional information about the Company's reinsurance arrangements.
Policyholders’ Account Balances - Investment Contracts
Only the portion of policyholders’ account balances related to products that are investment contracts (those without significant mortality or morbidity risk) are reflected in the table above. For fixed deferred annuities, payout annuities and other similar contracts without life contingencies, fair values are generally derived using discounted projected cash flows based on interest rates that are representative of the Company’s financial strength ratings, and hence reflect the Company’s own NPR. For those balances that can be withdrawn by the customer at any time without prior notice or penalty, the fair value is the amount estimated to be payable to the customer as of the reporting date, which is generally the carrying value.
Debt
The fair value of short-term and long-term debt is generally determined by either prices obtained from independent pricing services, which are validated by the Company, or discounted cash flow models. Discounted cash flow models predominately use market observable inputs such as the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for debt and financial instruments with similar terms and remaining maturities. For debt with a maturity of less than 90 days, the carrying value approximates fair value.
Other Liabilities and Payables to Parent and Affiliates
Other liabilities primarily consists of unsettled trades, drafts and escrow deposits. For the prior year other liabilities includes the funds withheld liability for assets retained under the reinsurance agreement with a third-party reinsurer that corresponds to the deposit assets above in “Other Assets”. Payables to parent and affiliates is primarily related to accrued expense payables. Due to the short term until settlement of most of these liabilities, the Company believes that carrying value approximates fair value.
Separate Account Liabilities - Investment Contracts
Only the portion of separate account liabilities related to products that are investment contracts are reflected in the table above. Separate account liabilities are recorded at the amount credited to the contractholder, which reflects the change in fair value of the corresponding separate account assets including contractholder deposits less withdrawals and fees; therefore, carrying value approximates fair value.