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Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.
 March 31, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$$920,554 $15,000 $$935,554 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions312,329 312,329 
Foreign government bonds187,325 187,325 
U.S. corporate public securities3,881,029 3,881,029 
U.S. corporate private securities1,754,631 85,357 1,839,988 
Foreign corporate public securities906,422 203 906,625 
Foreign corporate private securities1,468,042 80,350 1,548,392 
Asset-backed securities(2)968,032 16,956 984,988 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities859,942 859,942 
Residential mortgage-backed securities69,792 69,792 
Subtotal11,328,098 197,866 11,525,964 
Fixed maturities, trading3,541,058 5,127 3,546,185 
Equity securities220,575 42,145 4,166 266,886 
Short-term investments1,044 12,349 13,393 
Cash equivalents94,999 975,703 100 1,070,802 
Other invested assets(3)83,490 7,342,975 (7,346,312)80,153 
Other assets63,072 63,072 
Reinsurance recoverables60,799 271,390 332,189 
Receivables from parent and affiliates54,147 54,147 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets399,064 23,345,969 554,070 (7,346,312)16,952,791 
Separate account assets(4)32,146,468 32,146,468 
Total assets$399,064 $55,492,437 $554,070 $(7,346,312)$49,099,259 
Future policy benefits(5)$$$10,511,815 $$10,511,815 
Policyholders' account balances986,479 986,479 
Payables to parent and affiliates14,283,188 (14,079,986)203,202 
Other liabilities23,827 21,162 (19,194)25,795 
Total liabilities$23,827 $14,304,350 $11,498,294 $(14,099,180)$11,727,291 
 December 31, 2020
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$$8,887,432 $15,000 $$8,902,432 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions277,491 277,491 
Foreign government bonds177,383 177,383 
U.S. corporate public securities3,450,407 3,450,407 
U.S. corporate private securities1,804,855 82,208 1,887,063 
Foreign corporate public securities541,644 181 541,825 
Foreign corporate private securities1,427,537 66,298 1,493,835 
Asset-backed securities(2)974,041 18,542 992,583 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities785,942 785,942 
Residential mortgage-backed securities75,724 75,724 
Subtotal18,402,456 182,229 18,584,685 
Fixed maturities, trading1,109,097 5,045 1,114,142 
Equity securities234,452 39,477 4,153 278,082 
Short-term investments143,161 10,000 153,161 
Cash equivalents533,133 533,133 
Other invested assets(3)39,906 14,779,330 (14,624,985)194,251 
Other assets53,980 53,980 
Reinsurance recoverables62,232 409,013 471,245 
Receivables from parent and affiliates56,026 56,026 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets274,358 35,124,912 664,420 (14,624,985)21,438,705 
Separate account assets(4)32,205,296 32,205,296 
Total assets$274,358 $67,330,208 $664,420 $(14,624,985)$53,644,001 
Future policy benefits(5)$$$17,314,004 $$17,314,004 
Policyholders' account balances580,184 580,184 
Payables to parent and affiliates11,926,536 (11,926,536)
Other liabilities26,309 33,416 (9,523)50,202 
Total liabilities$26,309 $11,959,952 $17,894,188 $(11,936,059)$17,944,390 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $(6,753) million and $2,689 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value ("NAV") per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair values of such investments were $10.1 million and $10.6 million, respectively.
(4)Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position.
(5)As of March 31, 2021, the net embedded derivative liability position of $10,512 million includes $746 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $11,258 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position. As of December 31, 2020, the net embedded derivative liability position of $17,314 million includes $455 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $17,769 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position.
Fair Value Inputs, Assets and Liabilities, Quantitative Information The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
 March 31, 2021
 Fair ValueValuation TechniquesUnobservable    
Inputs
Minimum    Maximum    Weighted AverageImpact of
Increase in
Input on Fair 
Value(1)
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)$99,645 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate1.37 %20.25 %6.60 %Decrease
Liquidation Liquidation value71.23 %71.23 %71.23 %Increase
Reinsurance recoverables$271,390 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as future policy benefits. 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(3)$10,511,815 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(5)%20 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(6)0.09 %1.14 %Decrease
Utilization rate(7)39 %96 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (8) below.
Mortality rate(9)%15 %Decrease
   Equity volatility curve17 %25 % Increase
Policyholders' account balances(4)$986,479 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(5)%42 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(6)0.09 %1.14 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve%42 %Increase
 
 December 31, 2020
 Fair ValueValuation TechniquesUnobservable    
Inputs
MinimumMaximumWeighted AverageImpact of
Increase in
Input on Fair 
Value(1)
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)$59,960 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate0.99 %20 %6.53 %Decrease
Reinsurance recoverables$409,013 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as future policy benefits. 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(3)$17,314,004 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(5)%20 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(6)0.06 %1.17 %Decrease
Utilization rate(7)39 %96 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (8) below.
Mortality rate(9)%15 %Decrease
   Equity volatility curve18 %26 %Increase
Policyholders' account balances(4)$580,184 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(5)%40 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(6)0.06 %1.17 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve(10)%42 %Increase

(1)Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on fair value as that presented in the table.
(2)Includes assets classified as fixed maturities, available-for-sale and fixed maturities trading.
(3)Future policy benefits primarily represent general account liabilities for the living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than a weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(4)Policyholders’ account balances primarily represent general account liabilities for the index-linked interest credited on certain of the Company’s annuity products that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than a weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(5)Lapse rates for contracts with living benefit guarantees are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates for contracts with index-linked crediting guarantees may be adjusted at the contract level based on the applicability of any surrender charges, product type, and market related factors such as interest rates. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for the purposes of valuing these embedded derivatives.
(6)The spread over the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") swap curve represents the premium added to the proxy for the risk-free rate (LIBOR) to reflect the Company's estimates of rates that a market participant would use to value the living benefits in both the accumulation and payout phases and index-linked interest crediting guarantees. This spread includes an estimate of NPR, which is the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled by the Company. NPR is primarily estimated by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium. In order to reflect the financial strength ratings of the Company, credit spreads associated with funding agreements, as opposed to credit spread associated with debt, are utilized in developing this estimate because funding agreements, living benefit guarantees, and index-linked interest crediting guarantees are insurance liabilities and are therefore senior to debt.
(7)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception.The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale, and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.
(8)The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 76% and the maximum withdrawal rate assumption may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.
(9)The range reflects the mortality rates for the vast majority of business with living benefits, with policyholders ranging from 45 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain other contracts do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders with mortality rates approaching 0% for certain benefits. Mortality rates may vary by product, age, and duration. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.
(10)Prior period amount has been updated.
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Government$15,000 $$$$$$$$$15,000 $
Corporate Securities(3)148,687 (931)10,634 (7,627)15,147 165,910 (1,031)
Structured Securities(4)18,542 (107)(1,479)16,956 (106)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading5,045 82 5,127 87 
Equity securities4,153 13 4,166 13 
Short term investments10,000 2,349 12,349 
Cash equivalents100 100 
Other assets53,980 8,572 2,653 (2,133)63,072 6,439 
Reinsurance recoverables409,013 (141,885)4,262 271,390 (135,675)
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(17,314,004)7,093,338 (291,149)(10,511,815)6,900,120 
Policyholders' account balances(5)(580,184)(267,770)(138,525)(986,479)(252,703)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(44)$$(987)$(7)$(37)$$(1,100)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading88 (6)87 
Equity securities13 13 
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets8,572 6,439 
Reinsurance recoverables(141,885)(135,675)
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits7,093,338 6,900,120 
Policyholders' account balances(267,770)(252,703)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Government$10,547 $$911 $$$$$$$11,458 $
Corporate Securities(3)104,267 (14,767)11,277 (1,155)(2,365)14,349 111,606 (15,781)
Structured Securities(4)18,825 (288)6,145 (455)24,227 (286)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading4,464 (871)3,593 (866)
Equity securities5,247 (261)4,986 (261)
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets8,059 (3,613)7,796 12,242 (3,613)
Reinsurance recoverables302,814 257,953 4,323 565,090 260,722 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(11,822,998)(13,197,472)(282,184)(25,302,654)(13,329,640)
Policyholders' account balances(5)(196,892)60,429 (22,457)(158,920)53,957 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)(6)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)(6)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(110)$$(14,924)$(21)$$$(16,067)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading(866)(5)(866)
Equity securities(261)(261)
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets(3,613)(3,613)
Reinsurance recoverables257,953 260,722 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(13,197,472)(13,329,640)
Policyholders' account balances60,429 53,957 

(1)Realized investment gains (losses) on future policy benefits and reinsurance recoverables primarily represent the change in the fair value of the Company's living benefit guarantees on certain of its variable annuity contracts.
(2)Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(3)Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities.
(4)Includes asset-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities.
(5)Issuances and settlements for Policyholders' account balances are presented net in the rollforward.
(6)Retitled to "Other income (loss)" to conform to current period presentation.
Fair V
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Government$15,000 $$$$$$$$$15,000 $
Corporate Securities(3)148,687 (931)10,634 (7,627)15,147 165,910 (1,031)
Structured Securities(4)18,542 (107)(1,479)16,956 (106)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading5,045 82 5,127 87 
Equity securities4,153 13 4,166 13 
Short term investments10,000 2,349 12,349 
Cash equivalents100 100 
Other assets53,980 8,572 2,653 (2,133)63,072 6,439 
Reinsurance recoverables409,013 (141,885)4,262 271,390 (135,675)
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(17,314,004)7,093,338 (291,149)(10,511,815)6,900,120 
Policyholders' account balances(5)(580,184)(267,770)(138,525)(986,479)(252,703)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(44)$$(987)$(7)$(37)$$(1,100)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading88 (6)87 
Equity securities13 13 
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets8,572 6,439 
Reinsurance recoverables(141,885)(135,675)
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits7,093,338 6,900,120 
Policyholders' account balances(267,770)(252,703)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOtherTransfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Government$10,547 $$911 $$$$$$$11,458 $
Corporate Securities(3)104,267 (14,767)11,277 (1,155)(2,365)14,349 111,606 (15,781)
Structured Securities(4)18,825 (288)6,145 (455)24,227 (286)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading4,464 (871)3,593 (866)
Equity securities5,247 (261)4,986 (261)
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets8,059 (3,613)7,796 12,242 (3,613)
Reinsurance recoverables302,814 257,953 4,323 565,090 260,722 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(11,822,998)(13,197,472)(282,184)(25,302,654)(13,329,640)
Policyholders' account balances(5)(196,892)60,429 (22,457)(158,920)53,957 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(2)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)(6)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)(6)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(110)$$(14,924)$(21)$$$(16,067)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading(866)(5)(866)
Equity securities(261)(261)
Short term investments
Cash equivalents
Other assets(3,613)(3,613)
Reinsurance recoverables257,953 260,722 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(13,197,472)(13,329,640)
Policyholders' account balances60,429 53,957 

(1)Realized investment gains (losses) on future policy benefits and reinsurance recoverables primarily represent the change in the fair value of the Company's living benefit guarantees on certain of its variable annuity contracts.
(2)Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(3)Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities.
(4)Includes asset-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities.
(5)Issuances and settlements for Policyholders' account balances are presented net in the rollforward.
(6)Retitled to "Other income (loss)" to conform to current period presentation.
Fair V
Fair Value Disclosure Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value
The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position. In some cases, as described below, the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.
 March 31, 2021
Fair ValueCarrying
Amount(1)
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Commercial mortgage and other loans$$$1,861,808 $1,861,808 $1,794,798 
Policy loans11,659 11,659 11,659 
Short-term investments
Cash and cash equivalents478,682 260,000 738,682 738,682 
Accrued investment income99,519 99,519 99,519 
Reinsurance recoverables 51,462 51,462 50,695 
Receivables from parent and affiliates34,565 34,565 34,565 
Other assets72,976 410,020 482,996 482,996 
Total assets$478,682 $467,060 $2,334,949 $3,280,691 $3,212,914 
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts$$$2,515,936 $2,515,936 $2,502,017 
Short-term debt120,394 120,394 119,671 
Long-term debt328,773 328,773 299,747 
Reinsurance payables 43,550 43,550 43,550 
Payables to parent and affiliates40,074 40,074 40,074 
Other liabilities537,517 537,517 537,517 
Separate account liabilities - investment contracts24 24 24 
Total liabilities$$1,026,782 $2,559,486 $3,586,268 $3,542,600 
 December 31, 2020
Fair Value Carrying
Amount(1)
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Commercial mortgage and other loans$$$1,836,633 $1,836,633 $1,765,770 
Policy loans11,806 11,806 11,806 
Short-term investments165,000 165,000 165,000 
Cash and cash equivalents386,078 150,000 536,078 536,078 
Accrued investment income121,604 121,604 121,604 
Reinsurance recoverables51,225 51,225 50,484 
Receivables from parent and affiliates31,594 31,594 31,594 
Other assets278,355 394,069 672,424 672,424 
Total assets$551,078 $581,553 $2,293,733 $3,426,364 $3,354,760 
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts$$$2,426,471 $2,426,471 $2,406,100 
Short-term debt121,205 121,205 119,671 
Long-term debt332,451 332,451 299,747 
Reinsurance payables44,446 44,446 44,446 
Payables to parent and affiliates47,345 47,345 47,345 
Other liabilities757,968 757,968 757,968 
Separate account liabilities - investment contracts30 30 30 
Total liabilities$$1,258,999 $2,470,917 $3,729,916 $3,675,307 

(1)Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments.