10-Q 1 edmc0331201310-q.htm 10-Q EDMC 03.31.2013 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
___________________________________________ 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period From                     to
Commission File Number: 001-34466
___________________________________________ 
EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 ___________________________________________ 
Pennsylvania
 
25-1119571
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
210 Sixth Avenue, 33rd Floor
Pittsburgh, PA, 15222
(412) 562-0900
(Address, including zip code and telephone number, of principal executive offices)
___________________________________________ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes   x     No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes   x     No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
o
 
Accelerated filer
 
x
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
o  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company  
 
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.):
Yes   ¨     No x
As of May 8, 2013, there were 124,601,524 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.




Table of Contents





PART I

ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


3


  
EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
 
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
183,614

 
$
191,008

 
$
287,503

Restricted cash
272,029

 
267,880

 
284,053

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
455,643

 
458,888

 
571,556

Student receivables, net of allowances of $177,802, $225,657 and $214,140
153,069

 
203,341

 
144,495

Notes, advances and other receivables
27,509

 
22,174

 
20,768

Inventories
7,000

 
8,382

 
10,035

Deferred income taxes
102,793

 
102,668

 
76,674

Prepaid income taxes

 
6,796

 
7,406

Other current assets
33,547

 
40,399

 
40,009

Total current assets
779,561

 
842,648

 
870,943

Property and equipment, net (Note 4)
543,731

 
651,797

 
653,888

Other long-term assets (Note 6)
55,878

 
51,071

 
47,176

Intangible assets, net (Note 5)
301,039

 
330,029

 
458,844

Goodwill (Note 5)
669,090

 
963,550

 
2,086,619

Total assets
$
2,349,299

 
$
2,839,095

 
$
4,117,470

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 8)
$
12,076

 
$
12,076

 
$
12,076

Revolving credit facility (Note 8)

 
111,300

 

Accounts payable
20,955

 
54,834

 
31,735

Accrued liabilities (Note 7)
148,782

 
137,348

 
169,838

Accrued income taxes
3,174

 

 

Unearned tuition
78,473

 
116,277

 
80,046

Advance payments
222,942

 
102,170

 
261,260

Total current liabilities
486,402

 
534,005

 
554,955

Long-term debt, less current portion (Note 8)
1,283,344

 
1,453,468

 
1,456,352

Deferred income taxes
88,216

 
111,767

 
171,498

Deferred rent
206,847

 
197,758

 
195,494

Other long-term liabilities
39,250

 
45,533

 
45,766

Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock, at par
1,435

 
1,434

 
1,434

Additional paid-in capital
1,789,672

 
1,777,732

 
1,774,634

Treasury stock, at cost
(328,605
)
 
(328,605
)
 
(317,888
)
(Accumulated deficit) Retained earnings
(1,201,903
)
 
(935,960
)
 
252,746

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(15,359
)
 
(18,037
)
 
(17,521
)
Total shareholders’ equity
245,240

 
496,564

 
1,693,405

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
2,349,299

 
$
2,839,095

 
$
4,117,470

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4


EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net revenues
$
638,903

 
$
702,499

 
$
1,903,363

 
$
2,121,782

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
350,134

 
382,204

 
1,091,808

 
1,132,421

General and administrative
166,814

 
191,747

 
512,496

 
581,608

Depreciation and amortization
40,266

 
40,610

 
123,667

 
118,694

Long-lived asset impairments (Note 5)
323,690

 
495,380

 
323,690

 
495,380

Total costs and expenses
880,904

 
1,109,941

 
2,051,661

 
2,328,103

Loss before interest and income taxes
(242,001
)
 
(407,442
)
 
(148,298
)
 
(206,321
)
Interest expense, net
30,464

 
25,424

 
92,924

 
79,139

Loss on debt refinancing (Note 8)
5,232

 
9,474

 
5,232

 
9,474

Loss before income taxes
(277,697
)
 
(442,340
)
 
(246,454
)
 
(294,934
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
6,297

 
(25,224
)
 
19,489

 
32,101

Net loss
$
(283,994
)
 
$
(417,116
)
 
$
(265,943
)
 
$
(327,035
)
Loss per share: (Note 2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(2.28
)
 
$
(3.31
)
 
$
(2.14
)
 
$
(2.57
)
Diluted
$
(2.28
)
 
$
(3.31
)
 
$
(2.14
)
 
$
(2.57
)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding: (Note 2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
124,602

 
126,005

 
124,546

 
127,224

Diluted
124,602

 
126,005

 
124,546

 
127,224

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

5


EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited)
(In thousands)


 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net loss
$
(283,994
)
 
$
(417,116
)
 
$
(265,943
)
 
$
(327,035
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net change in interest rate swaps:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Periodic revaluation of interest rate swaps, net of tax benefit of $237, $309, $1,671 and $6,718 respectively
(401
)
 
(524
)
 
(2,833
)
 
(11,389
)
Reclassification adjustment for interest recognized in consolidated statement of operations, net of tax expense of $1,130, $1,157, $3,303 and $3,950 respectively
1,915

 
1,963

 
5,599

 
6,699

Net change in unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax
1,514

 
1,439

 
2,766

 
(4,690
)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)
(147
)
 
141

 
(88
)
 
(641
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
1,367

 
1,580

 
2,678

 
(5,331
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(282,627
)
 
$
(415,536
)
 
$
(263,265
)
 
$
(332,366
)



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


6


EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In thousands) 
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(265,943
)
 
$
(327,035
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
118,814

 
112,936

Amortization of intangible assets
4,853

 
5,758

Bad debt expense
129,659

 
117,695

Long-lived asset impairments
323,690

 
495,380

Loss on debt refinancing
5,232

 
9,474

Share-based compensation
11,938

 
10,171

Non cash adjustments related to deferred rent
(12,610
)
 
(9,300
)
Amortization of deferred gains on sale-leaseback transactions
(1,012
)
 

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Restricted cash
(4,149
)
 
(236,540
)
Receivables
(91,473
)
 
(105,089
)
Reimbursements for tenant improvements
7,102

 
14,248

Inventory
1,383

 
(447
)
Other assets
8,667

 
(9,444
)
Accounts payable
(29,792
)
 
(20,922
)
Accrued liabilities
(3,096
)
 
6,632

Unearned tuition
(37,804
)
 
(60,104
)
Advance payments
120,743

 
149,263

Total adjustments
552,145

 
479,711

Net cash flows provided by operating activities
286,202

 
152,676

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Expenditures for long-lived assets
(64,586
)
 
(64,679
)
Proceeds from sales of long-lived assets
65,065

 

Reimbursements for tenant improvements
(7,102
)
 
(14,248
)
Net cash flows used in investing activities
(6,623
)
 
(78,927
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Payments under revolving credit facility
(111,300
)
 
(79,000
)
Principal payment on senior notes due June 2014
(162,246
)
 

Issuance of common stock
3

 
2,618

Common stock repurchased for treasury

 
(92,756
)
Principal payments on other long-term debt
(9,117
)
 
(8,141
)
Debt issuance costs
(4,436
)
 
(11,928
)
Net cash flows used in financing activities
(287,096
)
 
(189,207
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
123

 
(263
)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
(7,394
)
 
(115,721
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
191,008

 
403,224

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
183,614

 
$
287,503

Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest (including swap settlement)
$
89,705

 
$
77,736

Income taxes, net of refunds
34,960

 
74,328

 
As of March 31,
Noncash investing activities:
2013
 
2012
Capital expenditures in current liabilities
$
7,756

 
$
7,580


 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7


EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
Common
Stock at
Par Value (b)
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Treasury
Stock (b)
 
(Accumulated Deficit) Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2011
$
1,431

 
$
1,761,848

 
$
(226,926
)
 
$
579,781

 
$
(12,190
)
 
$
2,103,944

Exercise of stock options including tax benefit
3

 
2,594

 

 

 

 
2,597

Share-based compensation

 
13,290

 

 

 

 
13,290

Common stock repurchased for treasury

 

 
(101,679
)
 

 

 
(101,679
)
Net loss

 

 

 
(1,515,741
)
 

 
(1,515,741
)
Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 
(5,847
)
 
(5,847
)
Balance at June 30, 2012
1,434

 
1,777,732

 
(328,605
)
 
(935,960
)
 
(18,037
)
(a) 
496,564

(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercise of stock options

 
3

 

 

 

 
3

Share-based compensation
1

 
11,937

 

 

 

 
11,938

Net loss

 

 

 
(265,943
)
 

 
(265,943
)
Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 
2,678

 
2,678

Balance at March 31, 2013
$
1,435

 
$
1,789,672

 
$
(328,605
)
 
$
(1,201,903
)
 
$
(15,359
)
(a) 
$
245,240

 
(a)
The balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 was comprised of $14.9 million, $17.6 million and $17.2 million of cumulative unrealized losses on interest rate swaps, net of tax, respectively and $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million of a cumulative foreign currency translation loss, respectively.

(b)
There were 600,000,000 authorized shares of par value $0.01 common stock at March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012. There were 125,548,403 outstanding shares of common stock, net of 17,831,544 shares in treasury, at March 31, 2012. Common stock outstanding and treasury stock balances and activity were as follows for the periods indicated.
 
Treasury
 
Net outstanding
Balance at June 30, 2011
13,333,972

 
129,811,749

Repurchased for treasury
5,568,168

 
(5,568,168
)
Issued for stock-based compensation plans

 
234,226

Balance at June 30, 2012
18,902,140

 
124,477,807

Issued for stock-based compensation plans

 
123,717

Balance at March 31, 2013
18,902,140

 
124,601,524


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

8


EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Education Management Corporation ("EDMC" and, together with its subsidiaries, the "Company") have been prepared by the Company’s management in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2013 and 2012, its consolidated statements of operations and of comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, its consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 and its consolidated statement of shareholders' equity for the nine months ended March 31, 2013. The consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 (the “Annual Report on Form 10-K”) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The accompanying consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2012 and consolidated statement of shareholders' equity for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 have been derived from the consolidated audited balance sheet and statement of shareholders' equity included in the 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Description of Business
The Company is among the largest providers of post-secondary education in North America, with approximately 132,000 enrolled students as of October 2012. The Company offers campus-based education through four different education systems and through online platforms at three of its four education systems, or through a combination of both. These four education systems coincide with the Company's reportable segments, which are The Art Institutes, Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University. Refer to Note 14, "Segment Reporting" for additional information.
The Company is committed to offering quality academic programs and strives to improve the learning experience for its students. The curriculum is designed with a strong emphasis on applied career-oriented content and is primarily taught by faculty members who possess practical and relevant professional experience in their respective fields.
Ownership
On June 1, 2006, EDMC was acquired by a consortium of private equity investment funds led by Providence Equity Partners, Goldman Sachs Capital Partners and Leeds Equity Partners (collectively, the “Sponsors”). The acquisition was accomplished through the merger of EM Acquisition Corporation into EDMC, with EDMC surviving the merger (the "Transaction") and was financed by equity invested by the Sponsors and other investors, cash on hand and secured and unsecured borrowings. Refer to Note 8, "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" for more information.
In October 2009, EDMC completed an initial public offering of 23.0 million shares of its common stock, $0.01 par value per share ("Common Stock"), at a per share price of $18.00 (the "Initial Public Offering"). The Sponsors did not sell any of their shares in connection with the Initial Public Offering.
Seasonality
The Company's quarterly net revenues and net income fluctuate primarily as a result of the pattern of student enrollments. The Company typically recognizes less net revenue in the first quarter of its fiscal year than in other quarters due to student vacations.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications of prior year data have been made to conform to the March 31, 2013 presentation. These reclassifications did not materially change any of the previously reported amounts.
2. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The Company uses the treasury stock method to compute diluted EPS, which assumes that restricted stock is converted into common stock and that outstanding stock options are exercised and the resulting proceeds are used to acquire shares of common stock at its average market price during the reporting period.
Basic and diluted EPS were calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net loss
$
(283,994
)
 
$
(417,116
)
 
$
(265,943
)
 
$
(327,035
)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
124,602

 
126,005

 
124,546

 
127,224

Diluted
124,602

 
126,005

 
124,546

 
127,224

Loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(2.28
)
 
$
(3.31
)
 
$
(2.14
)
 
$
(2.57
)
Diluted
$
(2.28
)
 
$
(3.31
)
 
$
(2.14
)
 
$
(2.57
)
Outstanding time-based options to purchase approximately 9.7 million and 9.2 million shares of the Company's common stock at March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, which represent all outstanding time-based stock options at such dates, were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because the effect of applying the treasury stock method would have been anti-dilutive.
In addition, and as further described in Note 3, “Share-Based Compensation,” the Company has determined that all of its outstanding performance-based stock options (approximately 2.0 million options) are contingently issuable; therefore, they were not included in the diluted EPS calculation for any period presented.
3. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan
Effective in September 2012, the Company adopted the Education Management Corporation 2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2012 Omnibus Plan”), which may be used to issue stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other forms of long-term incentive compensation. In April 2013, the Company granted approximately 1.1 million time-based stock options and approximately 0.3 million restricted stock units in connection with the appointment of three key executive officers. As of April 30, 2013, approximately 2.6 million shares of Common Stock remain reserved for issuance under the 2012 Omnibus Plan.
2009 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan and 2006 Stock Option Plan
In August 2006, the Company adopted the 2006 Stock Option Plan for executive management and key personnel, under which certain of the Company's employees were granted a combination of time-based and performance-based options to purchase Common Stock. In April 2009, the Company adopted the Education Management Corporation Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "2009 Omnibus Plan"), which became effective upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering and provided for the issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other forms of long-term incentive compensation. Both the 2006 Stock Option Plan and 2009 Omnibus Plan have been frozen such that no further awards can be granted from these plans. However, stock options granted under both plans that were not surrendered in the Option Exchange described below remain subject to the terms and conditions of their respective plans.
Share-Based Compensation Activity
During the nine month period ended March 31, 2013, the Company granted approximately 3.0 million time-based stock options that vest 25% per year over a four year service period. These options have an average exercise price of $3.17 per share and a contractual life of ten years from the date of grant. Also during the nine month period ended March 31, 2013, the Company granted approximately 2.8 million restricted stock units that generally vest 25% per year over a four year service period. The restricted stock units were granted when the Company's stock price was $3.30 per share and the related compensation expense will be recognized over the service period. Additionally, on September 13, 2012, the Company granted options to purchase approximately 8.3 million shares of Common Stock under the 2012 Omnibus Plan in connection with the Option Exchange described below.

9


The Company recognized $4.3 million and $3.6 million of share-based compensation expense during the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $11.9 million and $10.2 million of share-based compensation expense during the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Because the relevant performance conditions are not probable of being met at March 31, 2013, the Company continues to defer the recognition of any expense on its outstanding performance-based stock options.
Exercises of stock options and vesting of restricted stock were not significant during the nine month period ended March 31, 2013. Net of estimated forfeitures, the Company had $26.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost relating to time-based stock options, $7.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost relating to restricted stock units and $4.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost relating to performance-based stock options at March 31, 2013.
Option Exchange
In August 2012, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a program (the "Option Exchange") to allow eligible option holders the opportunity to exchange their existing EDMC stock options for replacement stock options having an exercise price of $3.59 per share, which was the closing price for a share of the Company's Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market ("NASDAQ") on September 13, 2012, the date on which the offer expired. Campus presidents and directors who participated in the Option Exchange received a new stock option grant, based on seniority, which vests in four equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and expires on the tenth anniversary of the grant date. Campus presidents and directors who elected to not participate in the Option Exchange retained their existing stock options and received a new grant of stock options to purchase a smaller number of shares than they would have received had they participated in the Option Exchange with similar vesting and expiration terms as stock options received by campus presidents and directors who participated in the Option Exchange. All other employees who participated in the Option Exchange received a fixed number of new stock options, calculated on the basis of a set exchange ratio corresponding to the grant date and exercise price of the stock options that they surrendered for exchange. The vesting terms of the new stock option grants remained subject to the original vesting schedule of the corresponding options that were surrendered for exchange, provided that none of the replacement stock options vest before September 13, 2013, except under certain specific circumstances described in the 2012 Omnibus Plan and/or the Stock Option Agreements under which the replacement stock options were granted, including but not limited to a change in control of EDMC.
In connection with the Option Exchange, the Company granted approximately 6.3 million time-based and approximately 2.0 million performance-based replacement stock options in return for the cancellation of approximately 8.5 million time-based and approximately 3.1 million performance-based stock options. The Option Exchange was accounted for as a modification of the original awards. Consequently, incremental value to the option holders was calculated using a Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model by taking the value of all time-based stock options on September 13, 2012 using the original option award terms and comparing that to the value of the modified time-based stock options using the new option award terms on September 13, 2012. Because the original awards had exercise prices well in excess of the price of a share of Common Stock on the modification date, the Company used a lattice model to determine the appropriate expected term to use in the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The modification of the original awards resulted in $2.2 million of incremental compensation expense, net of expected forfeitures. This incremental compensation cost will be recognized over the applicable employee service periods, which range from one year to four years.

10


Below is a summary of the key assumptions used in determining the incremental compensation cost associated with the time-based replacement stock options granted in connection with the Option Exchange:
Replacement options:
 
Number of options
6,300,075
Volatility
80-87%
Expected term
2.94-6.25 yrs
Fair value per option
$1.87-$2.53
 
 
Cancelled options:
 
Number of options
8,525,171
Volatility
78-87%
Expected term
2.25-7.67 yrs
Fair value per option
$0.78-$1.97
    
Because the relevant performance conditions were not probable of being met at the time of the Option Exchange, unrecognized compensation expense for performance-based stock options was recalculated based on the new terms of the awards. Compensation expense on performance-based stock options will be recognized if the performance conditions become probable of being met.
Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan
In fiscal 2007, EDMC adopted the Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the “LTIC Plan”). The LTIC Plan consists of a bonus pool that is valued based on returns to Providence Equity Partners and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners in connection with a change in control of EDMC. Out of a total of 1,000,000 authorized units, approximately 438,000 units were outstanding under the LTIC Plan at March 31, 2013. Each unit represents the right to receive a payment based on the value of the bonus pool. Because the contingent future events that would result in value to the unit-holders are less than probable, no compensation expense has been recognized by the Company during any of the periods following the Transaction. The plan is being accounted for as an equity-based plan because the units may be settled in stock or cash at the Company’s discretion, and it is the Company’s intent to settle any future payment out of the LTIC Plan by issuing Common Stock. The total amount of unrecognized compensation cost related to LTIC Plan units, net of estimated forfeitures, is approximately $1.6 million at March 31, 2013.
4.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
The Company evaluates the recoverability of property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. During the quarter ended March 31, 2013, the Company recorded a long-lived asset impairment of $1.2 million in the consolidated statement of operations because anticipated future cash flows at one of the Company's schools could not support the carrying value of its property and equipment.
Property and equipment consisted of the following amounts (in thousands):

11


 
Asset Class
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Land
$
5,496

 
$
16,712

 
$
16,713

Buildings and improvements
25,450

 
74,783

 
71,772

Leasehold improvements
566,142

 
545,646

 
540,319

Furniture and equipment
162,503

 
158,464

 
153,565

Technology and other equipment
320,870

 
307,511

 
301,067

Software
92,142

 
86,810

 
79,848

Library books
44,130

 
42,706

 
42,073

Construction in progress
21,941

 
21,725

 
17,135

Total
1,238,674

 
1,254,357

 
1,222,492

Less accumulated depreciation
(694,943
)
 
(602,560
)
 
(568,604
)
Property and equipment, net
$
543,731

 
$
651,797

 
$
653,888

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $38.6 million and $38.7 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 and $118.8 million and $112.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 included $3.9 million and $3.6 million of amortization expense on software assets, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 include $16.1 million and $10.8 million of amortization expense on software assets, respectively. Amortization expense on software assets for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 included $4.6 million in accelerated amortization resulting from the write off of a software asset that no longer had a useful life.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2012, the Company completed five sale-leaseback transactions with unrelated third parties for net proceeds of $65.1 million. Concurrent with these sales, the Company entered into agreements to lease the properties back from the purchasers over initial lease terms ranging from three to 15 years. The Company classified these leases as operating and considers them normal leasebacks with no other continuing involvement. The Company recorded a net loss of $3.5 million related to these transactions at the time of their closing; however, a gain of approximately $17.8 million was deferred at December 31, 2012 and will be recognized over the initial terms of the new leases as a reduction to educational services expense.
5.
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
In connection with the Transaction, property, equipment, intangible assets other than goodwill and other assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value. The excess of the amount paid to acquire the Company at the time of the Transaction over the fair values of these net assets represented the intrinsic value of the Company beyond its tangible and identifiable intangible net assets and was assigned to goodwill. In connection with the Transaction, the Company recorded approximately $2.6 billion of goodwill, which was allocated to its four reporting units: The Art Institutes, Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University. The goodwill balance attributed to the Brown Mackie Colleges reporting unit was fully written off in connection with the impairment charge incurred in the quarter ended March 31, 2012.
On April 1 of each fiscal year, the Company formally evaluates the carrying amount of goodwill for each of its four education systems, each of which represents a reporting unit of the Company. In addition, the Company also performs an evaluation on an interim basis if it determines that recent events or prevailing conditions indicate a potential impairment of goodwill. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining whether an indicator of impairment has occurred between annual impairment tests. These indicators include, but are not limited to, overall financial performance such as adverse changes in recent forecasts of operating results, industry and market considerations, the Company's market capitalization, updated business plans and regulatory and legal developments. A two step process is used to determine the amount to be recorded for an impairment. In the first step, the Company determines the fair value of each reporting unit and compares that value to the reporting unit's carrying value. If the results of this first step indicate the carrying amount of a reporting unit is higher than its fair value, the second step must be performed, which requires that the Company determine the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as if it had acquired those reporting units as of the testing date. Under the second step, an impairment is recognized if the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill is greater than its implied fair value. If an impairment charge is required to be recorded, it is presented as an operating expense in the period in which the goodwill’s carrying value exceeds its new implied fair value.

12


The Company's market capitalization of its equity was approximately 18% lower than its carrying value at March 31, 2013 and was below carrying value for all but five days of the quarter then ended. Due primarily to this factor, the Company did not believe that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair values of each of its reporting units exceeded their carrying values as of March 31, 2013 and performed a step one interim goodwill impairment test for each of its reporting units. The results indicated that the Argosy University and South University reporting units each had fair values in excess of their carrying values by more than 35%. However, the test indicated that the fair value of The Art Institutes fell slightly below its carrying value as of March 31, 2013. Therefore, a step two test was required to be performed for The Art Institutes reporting unit, which yielded a goodwill impairment charge of $294.5 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2013. None of this charge was deductible for income tax purposes.
The Company estimated the fair value of its reporting units in step one using a combination of the traditional discounted cash flow approach and the guideline public company method, which takes into account the relative price and associated earnings multiples of publicly-traded peer companies. These approaches utilize a significant number of unobservable "Level Three" inputs, such as future cash flow assumptions and discount rate selection. See Note 10, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments" for a definition of Level Three inputs.
The valuation of the Company's reporting units under the traditional discounted cash flow approach requires the use of internal business plans that are based on judgments and estimates, which account for expected future economic conditions, demand and pricing for the Company's educational services, costs, inflation and discount rates, and other factors. The use of judgments and estimates involves inherent uncertainties. The Company's measurement of the fair values of its reporting units is dependent on the accuracy of the assumptions used and how the Company's estimates compare to future operating performance. The key assumptions used are, but are not limited to, the following:
Future cash flow assumptions — The Company's projections are based on organic growth and are derived from historical experience and assumptions regarding future growth and profitability trends. These projections also take into account the current economic climate and the extent to which the regulatory environment is expected to impact future growth opportunities. The Company's analysis incorporated an assumed period of cash flows of ten years with a terminal value determined using the Gordon Growth Model.
Discount rate — The discount rate is based on each reporting unit’s estimated weighted average cost of capital ("WACC"). The three components of WACC are the cost of equity, cost of debt and capital structure, each of which requires judgment by management to estimate. The Company develops its cost of equity estimate using the Capital Asset Pricing Model based on perceived risks and predictability of each reporting unit’s future cash flows. The cost of debt component represents a market participant’s estimated cost of borrowing, which the Company estimates using the average return on corporate bonds as of the valuation date, adjusted for taxes. At March 31, 2013, the WACC used to estimate the fair value of The Art Institutes reporting unit was 15.0%, while the Argosy University and South University reporting units used a WACC of 17.5% and 18.0%, respectively.
The Company also recorded multiple goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2012. The Company recognized a total of $459.4 million in goodwill impairment charges at its Argosy University, South University and Brown Mackie Colleges reporting units during the quarter ended March 31, 2012, of which $379.0 million was not deductible for income tax purposes. Also, in the fourth fiscal quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $1,123.1 million at The Art Institutes, none of which was deductible for income tax purposes.
A roll forward of the Company's consolidated goodwill balance from June 30, 2011 to March 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2011
 
Impairment Charge
 
June 30, 2012
 
Impairment Charge
 
March 31, 2013
The Art Institutes
$
1,984,688

 
$
(1,123,069
)
 
$
861,619

 
$
(294,460
)
 
$
567,159

Argosy University
219,350

 
(155,905
)
 
63,445

 

 
63,445

Brown Mackie Colleges
254,561

 
(254,561
)
 

 

 

South University
123,400

 
(84,914
)
 
38,486

 

 
38,486

Total goodwill
$
2,581,999

 
$
(1,618,449
)
 
$
963,550

 
$
(294,460
)
 
$
669,090

Intangible Assets
In connection with the step one and step two goodwill analyses performed as of March 31, 2013 described above, the Company performed an impairment analysis with respect to indefinite-lived intangible assets. As a result, the Company recorded a $28.0 million impairment related to the trade name of The Art Institutes in the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The

13


fair value of The Art Institutes trade name was determined under the relief from royalty method (which is similar to the income approach). This approach utilized Level Three inputs, which consisted of a 2.0% royalty rate and a 15.5% discount rate.
The remaining indefinite-lived intangible assets relate to each reporting unit's licensing, accreditation and Title IV program participation assets, the fair values of which were determined under a combination of the cost and income approaches. No impairment was recorded for these assets during the quarter ended March 31, 2013 as their fair values exceeded their carrying values.
Intangible assets other than goodwill consisted of the following amounts (in thousands): 
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
The Art Institutes trade name
$
190,000

 
$

 
$
218,000

 
$

 
$
330,000

 
$

Licensing, accreditation and Title IV program participation
95,862

 

 
95,862

 

 
112,179

 

Curriculum and programs
42,434

 
(31,385
)
 
38,702

 
(28,541
)
 
37,364

 
(27,350
)
Student contracts, applications and relationships
39,511

 
(37,104
)
 
39,511

 
(36,270
)
 
39,511

 
(35,992
)
Favorable leases and other
19,424

 
(17,703
)
 
19,424

 
(16,659
)
 
19,434

 
(16,302
)
Total intangible assets
$
387,231

 
$
(86,192
)
 
$
411,499

 
$
(81,470
)
 
$
538,488

 
$
(79,644
)
Trade names are often considered to have useful lives similar to that of the overall business, which generally means such assets are assigned an indefinite life for accounting purposes.  State licenses and accreditations of the Company’s schools as well as their eligibility for Title IV program participation are periodically renewed in cycles ranging from every year to up to every 10 years depending upon government and accreditation regulations. Because the Company considers these renewal processes to be a routine aspect of the overall business, these assets are assigned indefinite lives.
Amortization of intangible assets was $1.7 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $4.9 million and $5.8 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Total estimated amortization of the Company’s intangible assets for each of the fiscal years ending June 30, 2013 through 2017 and thereafter is as follows at March 31, 2013 (in thousands): 
Fiscal years
Amortization
Expense
2013 (remainder)
$
1,289

2014
4,765

2015
4,149

2016
2,793

2017
2,121

Thereafter
60

6.
OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS
Other long-term assets consisted of the following (in thousands): 
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Student receivables, net of allowances of $23,826, $19,532 and $15,931
$
21,983

 
$
15,233

 
$
9,672

Deferred financing fees
11,473

 
14,768

 
15,896

Deferred compensation
13,240

 
12,164

 
12,661

Other
9,182

 
8,906

 
8,947

Total other long-term assets
$
55,878

 
$
51,071

 
$
47,176

    
Student receivables, net of allowances, relate to the extension of credit to students for amounts due beyond one year. This extension of credit to students helps fund the difference between total tuition and fees and the amount covered by various sources of financial aid, including amounts awarded under Title IV programs, private loans and cash payments by students. Out-of-school balances are reserved for at a higher rate than in-school balances. During fiscal 2013, the Company extended the

14


repayment period for financing made available to students from a maximum of 36 months beyond graduation to a maximum of 42 months beyond graduation. The Company's gross long-term student receivables were as follows (in thousands):
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
In-school
$
32,844

 
$
24,354

 
$
17,794

Out-of-school
12,965

 
10,411

 
7,809

Gross long-term student receivables
$
45,809

 
$
34,765

 
$
25,603


A roll forward of the Company's total allowance for doubtful accounts and loan loss reserves from June 30, 2011 to March 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands):
Balance June 30, 2011
$
199,357

Bad debt expense
163,926

Amounts written off
(113,001
)
Balance June 30, 2012
250,282

Bad debt expense
129,659

Amounts written off
(173,220
)
Balance March 31, 2013
$
206,721


These amounts were recorded within student receivables, net and other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheets. When certain criteria are met, which is generally when receivables age past the due date by more than four months and internal collection measures have been taken without success, the accounts of former students are placed with a collection agency. Student accounts that have been placed with a collection agency are reserved for at higher rates than accounts for students who are in school and are written off after repeated collection attempts have been unsuccessful. During fiscal 2013, the Company reduced the number of days after which accounts in collection are written off. This change had no impact to the statement of operations or net student receivables as the applicable accounts were fully reserved.
7.
ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following amounts (in thousands): 
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Payroll and related taxes
$
57,480

 
$
50,291

 
$
70,352

Capital expenditures
4,310

 
5,624

 
3,826

Advertising
25,032

 
24,837

 
23,425

Interest
3,391

 
3,296

 
11,390

Benefits
15,482

 
14,014

 
11,146

Other
43,087

 
39,286

 
49,699

Total accrued liabilities
$
148,782

 
$
137,348

 
$
169,838


During the quarter ended September 30, 2012, the Company completed a restructuring plan at several locations to improve operational efficiencies and recorded a related charge of $9.1 million. The restructuring charge consisted of $7.5 million related to employee severance costs, primarily at The Art Institutes segment, and a lease abandonment charge of $1.6 million at one of the Company's operations offices. At March 31, 2013, the remaining liability for this restructuring plan was $1.3 million, which primarily consists of net rent charges to be paid through fiscal 2019 relating to the lease abandonment.
8.
SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT
U.S. Department of Education Letters of Credit
The Company had outstanding letters of credit of $353.0 million at March 31, 2013, the largest of which is issued to the U.S. Department of Education, which requires that the Company maintain a letter of credit due to its failure to satisfy certain regulatory financial ratios after giving effect to the Transaction. In December 2012, the U.S. Department of Education decreased the amount of the required letter of credit from $414.5 million to $348.6 million, which equals 15% of the total Title IV aid received by students attending the Company’s institutions during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012.

15


During fiscal 2012, the Company entered into two cash secured letter of credit facilities pursuant to which the lenders agreed to issue letters of credit at any time to the U.S. Department of Education in an aggregate face amount of up to $200.0 million. The Company's obligations with respect to such letters of credit are secured by liens in favor of the lenders on certain of the Company's cash deposits, which must total at least 105% of the aggregate face amount of any outstanding letters of credit. These two facilities currently mature on July 8, 2014 or earlier if the existing revolving credit facility is terminated.
As of March 31, 2013, in order to fund its current letter of credit obligation to the U.S. Department of Education, the Company utilized $148.6 million of letter of credit capacity under its revolving credit facility and all $200.0 million of capacity under the cash secured letter of credit facilities, in connection with which the Company classifies $210.0 million as restricted cash to satisfy the 105% collateralization requirement. Any future reduction in the usage of the cash secured letter of credit facilities will reduce the amount of cash that is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet.
Short-Term Debt
There were $111.3 million of borrowings outstanding under the $328.3 million revolving credit facility at June 30, 2012. These borrowings were repaid in full on July 2, 2012. There were no borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2013 and 2012. After adjusting for outstanding letters of credit, which decrease availability under the revolving credit facility, the Company had $175.3 million of remaining borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2013.
The interest rate on amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility at June 30, 2012 was 6.25%, which is equal to the prime rate, as defined under the credit facility, plus a margin of 3.00%. The applicable margin for borrowings under the revolving credit facility can change depending on the Company's leverage ratios and credit ratings. The Company is obligated to pay a per annum commitment fee on undrawn amounts under the revolving credit facility, which is currently 0.375% and varies based on certain leverage ratios. The revolving credit facility is secured by certain of the Company’s assets and is subject to the Company’s satisfaction of certain covenants and financial ratios, which are described further below.
Long-Term Debt
The Company’s long-term debt consisted of the following amounts (in thousands):
 
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Senior secured term loan facility, due in June 2016
$738,476
 
$744,539
 
$746,560
Senior secured term loan facility, due in March 2018, net of discount of$3,050, $3,508 and $3,660
343,159

 
345,545

 
346,340

Senior cash pay/PIK notes, due in July 2018, net of discount of $29,074
203,826

 

 

Senior notes, due in June 2014
9,707

 
375,000

 
375,000

Other
252

 
460

 
528

Total long-term debt
1,295,420

 
1,465,544

 
1,468,428

Less current portion
(12,076
)
 
(12,076
)
 
(12,076
)
Total long-term debt, less current portion
$
1,283,344

 
$
1,453,468

 
$
1,456,352

Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes
On March 5, 2013, Education Management LLC ("EM LLC"), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of EDMC, and Education Management Finance Corp. (a wholly-owned subsidiary of EM LLC) completed a private exchange offer (the "Exchange Offer") in which they offered to exchange their 8.75% senior notes due June 1, 2014 ("Old Notes") for (i) new Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes due July 1, 2018 ("New Notes") and (ii) cash. In connection with the Exchange Offer and a simultaneous private exchange on the same terms, the Company issued $203.0 million of New Notes and paid down $162.3 million of Old Notes with cash on hand. The remaining Old Notes of $9.7 million not tendered in the Exchange Offer were extinguished in April 2013 at par. Included in the $365.3 million of Old Notes tendered for exchange was $4.0 million owned by an affiliate of one of the Sponsors.
The Company incurred $5.2 million of fees to third parties that were reported as a loss on debt refinancing in the consolidated statement of operations during the current period. Included in these third party fees was $2.9 million paid to affiliates of one of the Sponsors.
Cash interest on the New Notes will accrue at the rate of 15% per annum and is payable semi-annually on March 30 and September 30, commencing on September 30, 2013. For any interest period after March 30, 2014 up to and including July 1, 2018, interest in addition to the cash interest payable will be paid by increasing the principal amount of the outstanding New Notes or by issuing additional New Notes (“PIK Interest”). PIK Interest on the New Notes will accrue at a rate of (i) 1.0% per

16


annum for the period from March 30, 2014 through and including March 30, 2015, (ii) 2.0% per annum for the period from March 31, 2015 through and including March 30, 2016, (iii) 3.0% per annum for the period from March 31, 2016 through and including March 30, 2017 and (iv) 4.0% per annum for the period from March 31, 2017 through and including July 1, 2018. Additionally, the New Notes are required to be paid at a premium of 13% at their contractual maturity, which is being treated as an original issuance discount for accounting purposes. Including PIK interest and the original issuance discount, the annual effective interest rate on the New Notes is 19.8%.
The indenture governing the New Notes contains a number of covenants that restrict, subject to certain exceptions, EM LLC’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends on or make other distributions in respect of its capital stock or make other restricted payments, make certain investments, enter into certain types of transactions with affiliates, create liens securing certain debt without securing the New Notes, sell certain assets, consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets and designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.    
Senior Secured Credit Facility
At March 31, 2013, the term loan under the Company's senior secured credit facilities included outstanding balances of $343.2 million due March 30, 2018 (the “Tranche C-3 Loan”) and $738.5 million due June 1, 2016 (the “Tranche C-2 Loan”).  The Tranche C-3 Loan bears interest at a rate equal to the greater of three-month LIBOR or 1.25%, plus a margin of 7.0%, or 8.25% at March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012.  The Tranche C-2 Loan bears interest at a rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 4.00%, or  4.31%, 4.50% and 4.50% at March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively.  Both tranches may be prepaid at any time, subject with respect to the Tranche C-3 Loan to substantial penalties in connection with any prepayment prior to March 30, 2014. 
In connection with the amendments made in fiscal 2011 and 2012 to the Company's senior secured credit facilities giving rise to the current terms and structure of the term debt described above, the Company capitalized $4.3 million of third party costs as deferred financing fees within other long-term assets, of which $0.7 million was paid to an affiliate of one of the Sponsors.  Additionally, the Company capitalized a $3.7 million discount as a reduction to long-term debt.  These fees are being charged to interest expense over the life of the debt through the maturity date.  Included as part of these amendments were an increase to the covenant basket amount for capital expenditures and certain restricted payments and the ability to use cash to collateralize letters of credit. 
The senior secured credit facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, EM LLC’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends and distributions on or repurchase capital stock, create liens on assets, repay subordinated indebtedness, make investments, loans or advances, make capital expenditures, engage in certain transactions with affiliates, amend certain material agreements, change its lines of business, sell assets and engage in mergers or consolidations. In addition, EM LLC is required to satisfy and maintain a maximum total leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio under the senior secured credit facilities on a quarterly basis. EM LLC met the requirements of these two financial covenants for the twelve month period ended March 31, 2013.
9.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company has historically utilized interest rate swap agreements, which are contractual agreements to exchange payments based on underlying interest rates, to manage the floating rate portion of its term debt. Effective July 1, 2011, the Company entered into three interest rate swap agreements for an aggregate notional amount of $950.0 million. One swap agreement is for a notional amount of $325.0 million and effectively fixes future interest payments at a maximum rate of 9.44% through June 1, 2013. The other two swap agreements, one of which was entered into with an affiliate of one of the Sponsors, are for notional amounts of $312.5 million each and effectively fix future interest payments at a rate of 6.26% through June 1, 2015.
The fair values of the interest rate swap liabilities were $24.2 million, $30.1 million and $29.8 million at March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively. At March 31, 2013, approximately $0.5 million was recorded in accrued liabilities as the underlying agreement matures on June 1, 2013, and $23.7 million was recorded in other long-term liabilities. The balances at June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 were recorded in other long-term liabilities.
On March 30, 2012, the Company replaced $348.6 million of its term loan with a new $350.0 million term loan, as described in Note 8, "Short-term and Long-term Debt." Because the interest payable on the new term loan is based on the higher of LIBOR or 1.25% (rather than strictly the prevailing LIBOR) plus a margin of 7.0%, the $325.0 million interest rate swap does not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment as of the date of this refinancing. As a result, the Company recorded a fair value loss of $2.5 million that was previously reflected in other comprehensive loss as interest expense in the quarter ended March 31, 2012 with subsequent changes to the fair value of this interest rate swap being recorded as interest expense in the period incurred. The Company recorded a $0.5 million revaluation loss through interest expense during the nine months ended March 31, 2013 related to this interest rate swap.

17


The refinancing of the term loan did not impact the Company's other two swap agreements. At March 31, 2013, there was a cumulative unrealized loss of $14.9 million, net of tax, related to these interest rate swaps included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Company’s accompanying consolidated balance sheet. This loss would be immediately recognized in the consolidated statement of operations if these instruments fail to meet certain cash flow hedge requirements.
Over the next twelve months, the Company estimates that approximately $7.8 million, net of tax, will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the consolidated statement of operations based on current interest rates and underlying debt obligations at March 31, 2013.
The Company used Level Two inputs to value its interest rate swaps as defined in Note 10, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," which includes obtaining quotes from counter-parties that are based on LIBOR forward curves and assessing non-performance risk based upon published market data.
10.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
The Company determines the fair value of assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The fair values are based on assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in valuation techniques and the inputs to valuations. The fair value hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own assumptions of what market participants would use. The fair value hierarchy includes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as described below.
Level One - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level Two - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations for which all significant inputs are observable market data.
Level Three - Unobservable inputs significant to the fair value measurement supported by little or no market activity.
In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may meet the definition of more than one level of fair value hierarchy. The lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its totality determines the applicable level in the fair value hierarchy.
The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of the interest rate swap liabilities, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on the framework described in Note 9, "Derivative Instruments," and the fair values of the Company's debt, which is recorded at carrying value (in thousands):
 
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
Carrying Value
Level One
Level Two
 
Carrying Value
Level One
Level Two
 
Carrying Value
Level One
Level Two
Recurring:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap liabilities
$
24,206

$

$
24,206

 
$
30,114

$

$
30,114

 
$
29,805

$

$
29,805

Disclosure only:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Variable rate debt
1,081,635


918,467

 
1,090,084


980,477

 
1,092,900


1,037,768

Fixed rate debt
213,785

213,785


 
375,460

341,710


 
375,528

371,778


The fair value of the Company’s debt was based on each instrument’s trading value at the dates presented. Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, student accounts receivable, notes receivable, the revolving credit facility, accounts payable and accrued expenses have fair values that approximate their carrying values.
As described in Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets," the Company recorded goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairments during fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2012. Additionally, the Company recorded a $1.2 million impairment described in Note 4, "Property and Equipment." This resulted in the following assets being measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis using Level Three inputs:
goodwill at The Art Institutes reporting unit as of March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2012;
the trade name for The Art Institutes as of March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2012;
the licensing, accreditation and Title IV program participation assets at The Art Institutes and Argosy University as of June 30, 2012;

18


goodwill at Brown Mackie Colleges, South University and Argosy University as of March 31, 2012; and
certain long-lived assets at one of the Company's schools as of March 31, 2013.
11.
INCOME TAXES
The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities result from (i) temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for financial and federal income tax reporting requirements, and (ii) differences between the recorded value of assets acquired in business combinations accounted for as purchases for financial reporting purposes and their corresponding tax bases. Deferred tax assets should be reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon the weight of the available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Future realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends upon the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in either the carry back or carry forward period under applicable tax law.
The Company assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis by considering the relative impact of all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether, based upon the weight of that evidence a valuation allowance is needed. This evaluation requires the use of considerable judgment and estimates that are subject to change. Excluding deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite-lived intangible assets, which are not scheduled to reverse, the Company is in a net deferred tax asset position at March 31, 2013.
The Company will incur cumulative losses before taxes in the three most recent fiscal years ended June 30, 2013 due to impairment charges recorded in fiscal years 2012 and 2013 as described in Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets." However, excluding the non-deductible impairment charges incurred in fiscal 2012, the Company would have had income before taxes for the three year period ended June 30, 2012. Further, the Company expects that it will have income before taxes for the three year period ended June 30, 2013, excluding non-deductible impairment charges incurred in fiscal 2013 and 2012. Additionally, the Company has consistently generated taxable income in the past and reasonably expects to generate sufficient taxable income in the future to realize the benefit of its deferred tax assets. Therefore, the Company believes it is more-likely-than-not that it will realize the benefit of its deferred tax assets and, as such, no valuation allowance is required except as disclosed in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," Note 11, "Income Taxes" of the June 30, 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K with respect to certain state deferred tax assets.
The Company's effective tax rate was (2.3)% and 5.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company's effective tax rate was (7.9)% and (10.9)%, respectively, for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012. The effective tax rates in all periods were significantly impacted by goodwill impairment charges, most of which were not deductible for tax purposes. Excluding the income statement impact of the impairments in both fiscal 2013 and 2012, the effective tax rates would have been 39.1% and 40.4% in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2013, respectively, and 38.0% and 38.7% in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2012, respectively. The effective tax rate differed from the combined federal and state statutory rates due to valuation allowances, expenses that are non-deductible for tax purposes, and the accounting related to uncertain tax positions.
As a result of the expiration of certain statutes of limitation with respect to the 2009 and 2008 fiscal years, the Company's liability for uncertain tax positions, excluding interest and the indirect benefits associated with state income taxes, decreased by $0.7 million and $0.9 million during the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company's effective tax rate was impacted by $0.7 million during each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, related to these statutes of limitation expirations. In addition, the Company reduced tax expense by $0.7 million in the current quarter as a result of a state income tax refund.
As of March 31, 2013, the Company's accrual for uncertain tax positions was $3.9 million, excluding interest and the indirect benefits associated with state income taxes. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and the indirect benefits associated with state income taxes, will decrease by $2.9 million within the next twelve months due to the expiration of certain statutes of limitation with respect to the 2010 fiscal year. The tax benefit of such a decrease, if recognized, would be a discrete item in the third quarter of fiscal year 2014.
The statutes of limitation for the Company's U.S. income tax returns are closed for years through fiscal 2009. The statutes of limitation for the Company's state and local income tax returns for prior periods vary by jurisdiction. However, the statutes of limitation with respect to the major jurisdictions in which the Company files state and local income tax returns are generally closed for years through fiscal 2008.
12. CONTINGENCIES
Qui Tam Matters
Washington v. Education Management Corporation. On May 3, 2011, a qui tam action captioned United States of America, and the States of California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New Jersey, New

19


Mexico, New York and Tennessee, and the District of Columbia, each ex rel. Lynntoya Washington and Michael T. Mahoney v. Education Management Corporation, et al. (“Washington”) filed under the federal False Claims Act in April 2007 was unsealed due to the U.S. Department of Justice's decision to intervene in the case. Five of the states listed in the caption joined the case based on qui tam actions filed under their respective False Claims Acts. The Court granted the Company's motion to dismiss the District of Columbia from the case and denied the Commonwealth of Kentucky's motion to intervene in the case under its consumer protection laws.
The case, which is pending in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, relates to whether the Company's compensation plans for admission representatives violated the Higher Education Act, as amended (“HEA”), and U.S. Department of Education regulations prohibiting an institution participating in Title IV programs from providing any commission, bonus or other incentive payment based directly or indirectly on success in securing enrollments to any person or entity engaged in any student recruitment or admissions activity during the period of July 1, 2003 through June 30, 2011. The complaint was initially filed by a former admissions representative at The Art Institute of Pittsburgh Online Division and a former director of training at EDMC Online Higher Education and asserts the relators are entitled to recover treble the amount of actual damages allegedly sustained by the federal government as a result of the alleged activity, plus civil monetary penalties. The complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought but claims that the Company and/or students attending the Company's schools received over $11 billion in funds from participation in Title IV programs and state financial aid programs during the period of alleged wrongdoing.
On May 11, 2012, the Court ruled on the Company's motion to dismiss case for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, dismissing the claims that the design of the Company's compensation plan for admissions representatives violated the incentive compensation rule and allowing common law claims and the allegations that the plan as implemented violated the rule to continue to discovery.
The Company believes the case to be without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself.
Sobek v. Education Management Corporation. On March 13, 2012, a qui tam action captioned United States of America, ex rel. Jason Sobek v. Education Management Corporation, et al. filed under the federal False Claims Act on January 28, 2010 was unsealed after the U.S. Department of Justice declined to intervene in the case at this time. The case, which is pending in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, alleges that the defendants violated the U.S. Department of Education's regulation prohibiting institutions from making substantial misrepresentations to prospective students, did not adequately track student academic progress and violated the U.S. Department of Education's prohibition on the payment of incentive compensation to admissions representatives. The complaint was filed by a former project associate director of admissions at EDMC Online Higher Education who worked for South University and asserts the relator is entitled to recover treble the amount of actual damages allegedly sustained by the federal government as a result of the alleged activity, plus civil monetary penalties. The complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought but claims that the Company's institutions were ineligible to participate in Title IV programs during the period of alleged wrongdoing.
On May 29, 2012, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the case with prejudice for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. On October 22, 2012, the magistrate judge assigned to the case issued a Report and Recommendation on the Company's motion to dismiss, which recommends that the Court dismiss with prejudice claims related to incentive compensation, program costs and the withholding of amounts due to the government and allow claims related to satisfactory academic progress, job placement statistics and programmatic accreditation to continue. The Report and Recommendation is not binding on the federal district judge assigned to the case. The Company believes the remaining claims in the case to be without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself.
Shareholder Derivative Lawsuits
Oklahoma Law Enforcement Retirement System v. Nelson. On May 21, 2012, a shareholder derivative class action captioned Oklahoma Law Enforcement Retirement System v. Todd S. Nelson, et al. was filed against the directors of the Company in state court located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Company is named as a nominal defendant in the case. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated their fiduciary obligations to the Company's shareholders due to the Company's violation of the U.S. Department of Education's prohibition on paying incentive compensation to admissions representatives, engaging in improper recruiting tactics in violation of Title IV of the HEA and accrediting agency standards, falsification of job placement data for graduates of its schools and failure to satisfy the U.S. Department of Education's financial responsibility standards. The Company previously received two demand letters from the plaintiff which were investigated by a Special Litigation Committee of the Board of Directors and found to be without merit. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the case with prejudice on August 13, 2012. In response, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint making substantially the same allegations as the initial complaint on September 27, 2012. The Company and the director defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on October 17, 2012. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself.

20


Bushansky v. Nelson. On August 3, 2012, a shareholder derivative class action captioned Stephen Bushansky v. Todd S. Nelson, et al. was filed against certain of the directors of the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. The Company is named as a nominal defendant in the case. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated their fiduciary obligations to the Company's shareholders due to the Company's use of improper recruiting, enrollment admission and financial aid practices and violation of the U.S. Department of Education's prohibition on the payment of incentive compensation to admissions representatives. The Company previously received a demand letter from the plaintiff which was investigated by a Special Litigation Committee of the Board of Directors and found to be without merit. The Company and the named director defendants filed a motion to dismiss the case on October 19, 2012. The Company believes that the claims set forth in the complaint are without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself.
Buirkle APA Program Accreditation Lawsuit
The Company and Argosy University were the subject of claims brought by former students who enrolled in the Clinical Psychology program offered by the Dallas campus of Argosy University pursuant to two cases filed in the District Court for Dallas County, Texas, Buirkle et al. v. Argosy Education Group, Inc. University, Education Management LLC and Education Management Corporation and Adibian et al. v. Argosy Education Group, Inc., Education Management LLC, and Education Management Corporation. The petitions allege that, prior to the plaintiffs' enrollment and/or while the plaintiffs were enrolled in the program, the defendants made material misrepresentations regarding the importance of accreditation of the program by the Commission on Accreditation of the American Psychological Association, the status of the application of the Dallas campus for such accreditation, the availability of loan repayment options for the plaintiffs, and the quantity and quality of the plaintiffs' career options. Plaintiffs seek monetary compensatory and punitive damages.
The Company has entered into settlement agreements with 20 of the plaintiffs for the payment by the Company of an immaterial amount in settlement. The remaining three plaintiffs are pursuing common law fraud cases in state court. The Company believes the claims in the lawsuits to be without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself.
State Attorney General Investigations
In January 2013, The New England Institute of Art received a civil investigative demand from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Attorney General requesting information for the period from January 1, 2010 to the present pursuant to an investigation of practices by the school in connection with marketing and advertising job placement and student outcomes, the recruitment of students and the financing of education. The Company previously responded to a similar request that The New England Institute of Art received in June 2007 and intends to cooperate with the Attorney General in connection with its investigation. However, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
In September 2012, the Company received a subpoena from the State of Colorado Attorney General's office requesting documents and detailed information for the period of January 1, 2006 through the present. The subpoena is primarily focused on the programs offered by the College of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences at the Denver, Colorado campus of Argosy University. Argosy University also received in September 2012 demand letters from an attorney representing three former students in the Doctorate of Counseling Psychology program alleging that the students were unable to find internships necessary to complete the program in Denver, Colorado and that the campus claimed that the program would lead to licensure in Colorado, among other things. The Company intends to cooperate with the Attorney General's investigation. However, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
In August 2011, the Company received a subpoena from the Attorney General of the State of New York requesting documents and detailed information for the time period of January 1, 2000 through the present. The Art Institute of New York City is the Company's only school located in New York though the subpoena also addresses fully-online students who reside in the State. The subpoena is primarily related to the Company's compensation of admissions representatives and recruiting activities. The relators in the Washington qui tam case filed the complaint under the State of New York's False Claims Act though the state has not announced an intention to intervene in the matter. The Company intends to cooperate with the investigation. However, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
In December 2010, the Company received a subpoena from the Office of Consumer Protection of the Attorney General of the Commonwealth of Kentucky requesting documents and detailed information for the time period of January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2010. The Company has three Brown Mackie College locations in Kentucky. The Kentucky Attorney General announced an investigation of the business practices of private sector post-secondary schools and that subpoenas were issued to six private sector colleges that do business in Kentucky in connection with the investigation. The Company intends to continue to cooperate with the investigation. However, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
In October 2010, Argosy University received a subpoena from the Florida Attorney General's office seeking a wide range of documents related to the Company's institutions, including the nine institutions located in Florida, from January 2, 2006 to the present. The Florida Attorney General has announced that it is investigating potential misrepresentations in recruitment,

21


financial aid and other areas. The Company is cooperating with the investigation, but has also filed a suit to quash or limit the subpoena and to protect information sought that constitutes proprietary or trade secret information. The Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
City of San Francisco
In December 2011, the Company received a letter from the City Attorney of the City of San Francisco, California requesting information related to student recruitment and indebtedness, including recruiting practices and job placement reporting, among other issues, by The Art Institute of San Francisco and the seven other Art Institutes located in California.  The Company intends to cooperate with the investigation. However, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
Securities and Exchange Commission Subpoena
On March 20, 2013, the Company received a subpoena from the Division of Enforcement of the Securities and Exchange Commission requesting documents and information relating to the Company's valuation of goodwill and its bad debt allowance for student receivables. The Company intends to cooperate with the SEC in its investigation. The Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
Other Matters
The Company is a defendant in certain other legal proceedings arising out of the conduct of its business. In the opinion of management, based upon an investigation of these claims and discussion with legal counsel, the ultimate outcome of such other legal proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
13. GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The New Notes described in Note 8 "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by EDMC and all of EM LLC’s existing direct and indirect domestic restricted subsidiaries, other than any subsidiary that directly owns or operates a school, or has been formed for such purposes, and subsidiaries that have no material assets (collectively, the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). All other subsidiaries of EM LLC, either direct or indirect, (the “Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”) do not guarantee the New Notes.
The following tables present the condensed consolidated financial position of EM LLC, the Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries and EDMC as of March 31, 2013, June 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012. The results of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 and the condensed statements

22


of cash flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 are presented for EM LLC, the Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries and EDMC.

23


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
March 31, 2013 (In thousands)
 
 
EM LLC
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
176,449

$
120

$
3,825

$

$
180,394

$
3,220

$

$
183,614

Restricted cash
45,803


226,226


272,029



272,029

Student and other receivables, net
2,753

172

177,652


180,577

1


180,578

Inventories

154

6,846


7,000



7,000

Other current assets
34,681

538

101,121


136,340



136,340

Total current assets
259,686

984

515,670


776,340

3,221


779,561

Property and equipment, net
64,881

6,104

472,746


543,731



543,731

Inter-company balances
405,600

(30,868
)
(535,186
)

(160,454
)
160,454



Other long-term assets
25,346


30,532


55,878



55,878

Investment in subsidiaries
708,831



(708,831
)

81,460

(81,460
)

Intangible assets, net
1,513

31

299,495


301,039



301,039

Goodwill
7,328


661,762


669,090



669,090

Total assets
$
1,473,185

$
(23,749
)
$
1,445,019

$
(708,831
)
$
2,185,624

$
245,135

$
(81,460
)
$
2,349,299

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
11,850

$

$
226

$

$
12,076

$

$

$
12,076

Other current liabilities
48,295

2,419

423,613


474,327

(1
)

474,326

Total current liabilities
60,145

2,419

423,839


486,403

(1
)

486,402

Long-term debt, less current portion
1,283,321


23


1,283,344



1,283,344

Other long-term liabilities
46,729

280

199,088


246,097



246,097

Deferred income taxes
1,530

515

86,275


88,320

(104
)

88,216

Total liabilities
1,391,725

3,214

709,225


2,104,164

(105
)

2,104,059

Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
81,460

(26,963
)
735,794

(708,831
)
81,460

245,240

(81,460
)
245,240

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
$
1,473,185

$
(23,749
)
$
1,445,019

$
(708,831
)
$
2,185,624

$
245,135

$
(81,460
)
$
2,349,299



24


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
June 30, 2012 (In thousands)
 
 
EM LLC
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
(26,249
)
$
98

$
213,960

$

$
187,809

$
3,199

$

$
191,008

Restricted cash
42,931


224,949


267,880



267,880

Student and other receivables, net
4,149

153

221,214


225,516

(1
)

225,515

Inventories

159

8,223


8,382



8,382

Other current assets
35,543

660

113,660


149,863



149,863

Total current assets
56,374

1,070

782,006


839,450

3,198


842,648

Property and equipment, net
72,279

7,846

571,672


651,797



651,797

Inter-company balances
1,059,102

(26,456
)
(1,181,164
)

(148,518
)
148,518



Other long-term assets
15,276


35,794


51,070

1


51,071

Investment in subsidiaries
826,651



(826,651
)

344,742

(344,742
)

Intangible assets, net
2,031

39

327,959


330,029



330,029

Goodwill
7,328


956,222


963,550



963,550

Total assets
$
2,039,041

$
(17,501
)
$
1,492,489

$
(826,651
)
$
2,687,378

$
496,459

$
(344,742
)
$
2,839,095

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt and revolving credit facility
$
123,150

$

$
226

$

$
123,376

$

$

$
123,376

Other current liabilities
63,935

8,319

338,378


410,632

(3
)

410,629

Total current liabilities
187,085

8,319

338,604


534,008

(3
)

534,005

Long-term debt, less current portion
1,453,234


234


1,453,468



1,453,468

Other long-term liabilities
52,450

374

190,465


243,289

2


243,291

Deferred income taxes
1,530

515

109,826


111,871

(104
)

111,767

Total liabilities
1,694,299

9,208

639,129


2,342,636

(105
)

2,342,531

Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
344,742

(26,709
)
853,360

(826,651
)
344,742

496,564

(344,742
)
496,564

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
$
2,039,041

$
(17,501
)
$
1,492,489

$
(826,651
)
$
2,687,378

$
496,459

$
(344,742
)
$
2,839,095



25


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
March 31, 2012 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
227,263

$
47

$
6,997

$

$
234,307

$
53,196

$

$
287,503

Restricted cash
48,243


235,810


284,053



284,053

Student and other receivables, net
8,771

174

156,319


165,264

(1
)

165,263

Inventories

117

9,918


10,035



10,035

Other current assets
26,653

218

97,218


124,089



124,089

Total current assets
310,930

556

506,262


817,748

53,195


870,943

Property and equipment, net
69,445

7,657

576,786


653,888



653,888

Inter-company balances
665,834

(29,550
)
(742,409
)

(106,125
)
106,125



Other long-term assets
48,521


(1,345
)

47,176



47,176

Investment in subsidiaries
1,989,615



(1,989,615
)

1,533,959

(1,533,959
)

Intangible assets, net
1,950

42

456,852


458,844



458,844

Goodwill
7,328


2,079,291


2,086,619



2,086,619

Total assets
$
3,093,623

$
(21,295
)
$
2,875,437

$
(1,989,615
)
$
3,958,150

$
1,693,279

$
(1,533,959
)
$
4,117,470

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
11,850

$

$
226

$

$
12,076

$

$

$
12,076

Other current liabilities
37,679

4,880

500,324


542,883

(4
)

542,879

Total current liabilities
49,529

4,880

500,550


554,959

(4
)

554,955

Long-term debt, less current portion
1,456,050


302


1,456,352



1,456,352

Other long-term liabilities
52,839

376

188,043


241,258

2


241,260

Deferred income taxes
1,246

265

170,111


171,622

(124
)

171,498

Total liabilities
1,559,664

5,521

859,006


2,424,191

(126
)

2,424,065

Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
1,533,959

(26,816
)
2,016,431

(1,989,615
)
1,533,959

1,693,405

(1,533,959
)
1,693,405

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
$
3,093,623

$
(21,295
)
$
2,875,437

$
(1,989,615
)
$
3,958,150

$
1,693,279

$
(1,533,959
)
$
4,117,470



26



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 (In thousands)
 
 
EM LLC
Guarantor Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Net revenues
$

$
2,002

$
636,901

$

$
638,903

$

$

$
638,903

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
22,807

1,213

326,114


350,134



350,134

General and administrative
(42,959
)
2,863

206,910


166,814



166,814

Depreciation and amortization
6,762

151

33,353


40,266



40,266

Long-lived asset impairments


323,690

 
323,690

 
 
323,690

Total costs and expenses
(13,390
)
4,227

890,067


880,904



880,904

Income (loss) before interest and income taxes
13,390

(2,225
)
(253,166
)

(242,001
)


(242,001
)
Interest expense (income), net
29,869


600


30,469

(5
)

30,464

Loss on debt refinancing
5,232




5,232



5,232

Equity in loss of subsidiaries
(203,855
)


203,855


(283,999
)
283,999


Loss before income taxes
(225,566
)
(2,225
)
(253,766
)
203,855

(277,702
)
(283,994
)
283,999

(277,697
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
58,433

(822
)
(51,314
)

6,297



6,297

Net loss
$
(283,999
)
$
(1,403
)
$
(202,452
)
$
203,855

$
(283,999
)
$
(283,994
)
$
283,999

$
(283,994
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net change in unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax
$
1,514

$

$

$

$
1,514

$
1,514

$
(1,514
)
$
1,514

Foreign currency translation loss
(147
)

(147
)
147

(147
)
(147
)
147

(147
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
1,367


(147
)
147

1,367

1,367

(1,367
)
1,367

Comprehensive loss
$
(282,632
)
$
(1,403
)
$
(202,599
)
$
204,002

$
(282,632
)
$
(282,627
)
$
282,632

$
(282,627
)


27



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Net revenues
$

$
1,430

$
701,069

$

$
702,499

$

$

$
702,499

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
42,995

2,265

336,943


382,203

1


382,204

General and administrative
(37,258
)
338

228,611


191,691

56


191,747

Depreciation and amortization
6,626

142

33,842


40,610



40,610

Goodwill impairment


495,380

 
495,380

 
 
495,380

Total costs and expenses
12,363

2,745

1,094,776


1,109,884

57


1,109,941

Loss before interest and income taxes
(12,363
)
(1,315
)
(393,707
)

(407,385
)
(57
)

(407,442
)
Interest expense (income), net
24,826


599


25,425

(1
)

25,424

Loss on debt refinancing
9,474




9,474



9,474

Equity in loss of subsidiaries
(331,525
)


331,525


(417,060
)
417,060


Loss before income taxes
(378,188
)
(1,315
)
(394,306
)
331,525

(442,284
)
(417,116
)
417,060

(442,340
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
38,872

294

(64,390
)

(25,224
)


(25,224
)
Net Loss
$
(417,060
)
$
(1,609
)
$
(329,916
)
$
331,525

$
(417,060
)
$
(417,116
)
$
417,060

$
(417,116
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net change in unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax
$
1,439

$

$

$

$
1,439

$
1,439

$
(1,439
)
$
1,439

Foreign currency translation gain
141


141

(141
)
141

141

(141
)
141

Other comprehensive income
1,580


141

(141
)
1,580

1,580

(1,580
)
1,580

Comprehensive loss
$
(415,480
)
$
(1,609
)
$
(329,775
)
$
331,384

$
(415,480
)
$
(415,536
)
$
415,480

$
(415,536
)



























28





CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2013 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Net revenues
$

$
6,161

$
1,897,202

$

$
1,903,363

$

$

$
1,903,363

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
87,122

6,503

998,182


1,091,807

1


1,091,808

General and administrative
(74,336
)
(561
)
587,393


512,496



512,496

Depreciation and amortization
25,641

454

97,572


123,667



123,667

Long-lived asset impairments


323,690

 
323,690

 
 
323,690

Total costs and expenses
38,427

6,396

2,006,837


2,051,660

1


2,051,661

Loss before interest and income taxes
(38,427
)
(235
)
(109,635
)

(148,297
)
(1
)

(148,298
)
Interest expense (income), net
91,144


1,798


92,942

(18
)

92,924

Loss on debt refinancing
5,232






5,232



5,232

Equity in loss of subsidiaries
(120,498
)


120,498


(265,960
)
265,960


Loss before income taxes
(255,301
)
(235
)
(111,433
)
120,498

(246,471
)
(265,943
)
265,960

(246,454
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
10,659

19

8,811


19,489



19,489

Net loss
$
(265,960
)
$
(254
)
$
(120,244
)
$
120,498

$
(265,960
)
$
(265,943
)
$
265,960

$
(265,943
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net change in unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax
$
2,766

$

$

$

$
2,766

$
2,766

$
(2,766
)
$
2,766

Foreign currency translation gain
(88
)

(88
)
88

(88
)
(88
)
88

(88
)
Other comprehensive income
2,678


(88
)
88

2,678

2,678

(2,678
)
2,678

Comprehensive loss
$
(263,282
)
$
(254
)
$
(120,332
)
$
120,586

$
(263,282
)
$
(263,265
)
$
263,282

$
(263,265
)





























29



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2012 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
Eliminations
EDMC
Consolidated
Net revenues
$

$
6,106

$
2,115,676

$

$
2,121,782

$

$

$
2,121,782

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
85,571

7,549

1,039,301


1,132,421



1,132,421

General and administrative
(77,327
)
(188
)
658,951


581,436

172


581,608

Depreciation and amortization
19,590

363

98,741


118,694



118,694

Goodwill impairment


495,380

 
495,380

 
 
495,380

Total costs and expenses
27,834

7,724

2,292,373


2,327,931

172


2,328,103

Loss before interest and income taxes
(27,834
)
(1,618
)
(176,697
)

(206,149
)
(172
)

(206,321
)
Interest expense (income), net
77,273


1,871


79,144

(5
)

79,139

Loss on debt refinancing
9,474




9,474



9,474

Equity in loss of subsidiaries
(199,809
)


199,809


(326,868
)
326,868


Loss before income taxes
(314,390
)
(1,618
)
(178,568
)
199,809

(294,767
)
(327,035
)
326,868

(294,934
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
12,478

176

19,447


32,101



32,101

Net loss
$
(326,868
)
$
(1,794
)
$
(198,015
)
$
199,809

$
(326,868
)
$
(327,035
)
$
326,868

$
(327,035
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net change in unrecognized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax
$
(4,690
)
$

$

$

$
(4,690
)
$
(4,690
)
$
4,690

$
(4,690
)
Foreign currency translation loss
(641
)

(641
)
641

(641
)
(641
)
641

(641
)
Other comprehensive loss
(5,331
)

(641
)
641

(5,331
)
(5,331
)
5,331

(5,331
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(332,199
)
$
(1,794
)
$
(198,656
)
$
200,450

$
(332,199
)
$
(332,366
)
$
332,199

$
(332,366
)






























30



CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2013 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
EDMC
Consolidated
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operations
$
(165,111
)
$
(5,647
)
$
456,939

$
286,181

$
21

$
286,202

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenditures for long-lived assets
(7,707
)
(725
)
(56,154
)
(64,586
)

(64,586
)
Proceeds from sales of long-lived assets


65,065

65,065

 
65,065

Other investing activities
(858
)

(6,244
)
(7,102
)

(7,102
)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities
(8,565
)
(725
)
2,667

(6,623
)

(6,623
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net repayments of debt and other
(286,885
)

(211
)
(287,096
)


(287,096
)
Inter-company transactions
663,259

6,394

(669,653
)



Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
376,374

6,394

(669,864
)
(287,096
)

(287,096
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents


123

123


123

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
202,698

22

(210,135
)
(7,415
)
21

(7,394
)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents
(26,249
)
98

213,960

187,809

3,199

191,008

Ending cash and cash equivalents
$
176,449

$
120

$
3,825

$
180,394

$
3,220

$
183,614






































31



CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2012 (In thousands)

 
EM LLC
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
EM LLC
Consolidated
EDMC
EDMC
Consolidated
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operations
$
(187,444
)
$
409

$
336,648

$
149,613

$
3,063

$
152,676

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenditures for long-lived assets
(6,819
)
(752
)
(57,108
)
(64,679
)

(64,679
)
Other investing activities


(14,248
)
(14,248
)

(14,248
)
Net cash flows used in investing activities
(6,819
)
(752
)
(71,356
)
(78,927
)

(78,927
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net repayments of debt
(98,874
)

(195
)
(99,069
)

(99,069
)
Common stock repurchased and stock option exercises




(90,138
)
(90,138
)
Inter-company transactions
537,216

120

(627,474
)
(90,138
)
90,138


Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
438,342

120

(627,669
)
(189,207
)

(189,207
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents


(263
)
(263
)

(263
)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
244,079

(223
)
(362,640
)
(118,784
)
3,063

(115,721
)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents
(16,816
)
270

369,637

353,091

50,133

403,224

Ending cash and cash equivalents
$
227,263

$
47

$
6,997

$
234,307

$
53,196

$
287,503

 

32


14. SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company's principal business is providing post-secondary education. The Company manages its operations through four operating segments, which through March 31, 2012 were aggregated into one reportable segment, as all criteria for aggregation under applicable accounting rules were met. As of June 30, 2012, the Company began to report results for each of its four operating segments because the Company could no longer demonstrate margin convergence with respect to its operating segments with relative certainty over a reasonable period of time. The Company's four reportable segments are The Art Institutes, Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University.
Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") excluding certain expenses is the measure used by the chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. It is defined as net income before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and certain expenses presented below. EBITDA excluding certain expenses is not a recognized term under generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and does not purport to be an alternative to net income as a measure of operating performance or to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Additionally, EBITDA excluding certain expenses is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow available for management’s discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments and debt service requirements. Management believes EBITDA excluding certain expenses is helpful in highlighting trends because EBITDA excluding certain expenses excludes the results of decisions that are outside the control of operating management and can differ significantly from company to company depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which companies operate and capital investments. Management compensates for the limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures by using them to supplement GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than GAAP results alone. Because not all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of EBITDA excluding certain expenses may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Adjustments to reconcile segment results to consolidated results are included under the caption “Corporate and other,” which primarily includes unallocated corporate activity. A reconciliation of EBITDA excluding certain expenses by reportable segment to consolidated loss before income taxes along with other summary financial information by reportable segment is presented below (in thousands):

33


 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Art Institutes
$
393,560

 
$
442,842

 
$
1,185,232

 
$
1,341,344

Argosy University
94,430

 
104,781

 
268,663

 
308,995

Brown Mackie Colleges
73,876

 
77,949

 
226,122

 
240,617

South University
77,037

 
76,927

 
223,346

 
230,826

Total EDMC
$
638,903

 
$
702,499

 
$
1,903,363

 
$
2,121,782

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA excluding certain expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Art Institutes
$
100,527

 
$
124,611

 
$
280,714

 
$
386,688

Argosy University
16,373

 
19,202

 
33,363

 
50,580

Brown Mackie Colleges
8,436

 
14,521

 
28,798

 
50,733

South University
15,410

 
(1,980
)
 
30,670

 
1,320

Corporate and other
(18,791
)
 
(21,898
)
 
(65,341
)
 
(68,993
)
Total EDMC
121,955

 
134,456

 
308,204

 
420,328

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation to consolidated loss before income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-lived asset impairments (A)
323,690

 
495,380

 
323,690

 
495,380

Loss on debt refinancing
5,232

 
9,474

 
5,232

 
9,474

Restructuring (B)

 
5,908

 
9,145

 
12,575

Depreciation and amortization
40,266

 
40,610

 
123,667

 
118,694

Net interest expense
30,464

 
25,424

 
92,924

 
79,139

Loss before income taxes
$
(277,697
)
 
$
(442,340
)
 
$
(246,454
)
 
$
(294,934
)

(A) Current period charge consists of a $294.5 million goodwill impairment at The Art Institutes, $28.0 million impairment of The Art Institutes trade name and a $1.2 million impairment of property and equipment at one of the Company's schools. Refer to Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more detail.

(B) Refer to Note 7, "Accrued Liabilities" for more information on the current period charge. The prior year nine-month period includes a $10.1 million employee severance charge and a $2.5 million lease termination charge.

Assets: (C)
March 31, 2013
 
June 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
The Art Institutes
$
1,417,887

 
$
1,824,385

 
$
3,023,789

Argosy University
236,759

 
308,286

 
276,611

Brown Mackie Colleges
202,844

 
268,694

 
181,377

South University
188,915

 
272,729

 
210,709

Corporate and other 
302,894

 
165,001

 
424,984

Total EDMC
$
2,349,299

 
$
2,839,095

 
$
4,117,470


(C) Excludes inter-company activity.


34


ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Key Trends, Developments and Challenges
The following developments and trends present opportunities, challenges and risks to our business:
U.S. Department of Education Program Integrity Regulations have negatively impacted our financial results and will likely impact future results.
As described in greater detail in Part II, Item 7 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Trends, Developments and Challenges” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, we believe that the U.S. Department of Education's Program Integrity Regulations have negatively impacted our business and will continue to do so in the future. These rules have required us to change certain of our business practices, incur additional costs of compliance and of developing and implementing changes in operations, and have affected student recruitment and enrollment, resulted in changes in or elimination of certain educational programs and have had other significant or material effects on our business.
With the exception of the gainful employment rule, these regulations became effective on July 1, 2011. The gainful employment regulations were scheduled to go into effect on July 1, 2012. However, on June 30, 2012 the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia vacated the program level metrics and remanded them to the U.S. Department of Education for further action. The Court's decision is subject to appeal by the U.S. Department of Education and could be modified or reversed on appeal. Moreover, the U.S. Department of Education could take further action to address the Court's concerns regarding the regulations and obtain approval to enforce the regulations, or the U.S. Department of Education could issue new regulations regarding gainful employment. We cannot predict what steps the U.S. Department of Education will take in response to the Court's decision, how long those steps will take, or whether those steps will result in the U.S. Department of Education being able to enforce the gainful employment regulations or issuing new regulations.
We have implemented a number of initiatives to respond to the gainful employment rules, such as shorter programs and lowering the costs associated with a number of our programs and continue to do so despite the ruling in the APSCU case. However, certain of our programs will be unable to maintain eligibility to enroll students receiving Title IV funds or have restrictions placed upon program offerings as a result of not meeting prescribed metrics if the gainful employment regulations become effective in their current form. To the extent that our new programmatic offerings do not offset the loss of any of our current programs, the loss of students or restrictions on program eligibility could have a material adverse effect on our student population, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Changes in the availability of PLUS program loans contributed to a reduction in new student projections at The Art Institutes and are likely to adversely impact both continuing and new students in fiscal 2013 and beyond.
As described in greater detail in Part II, Item 7 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Trends, Developments and Challenges” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, recent changes in the availability of PLUS program loans have negatively impacted our business, particularly with respect to The Art Institutes, and will continue to do so in the future. During fiscal 2012, we believe that the U.S. Department of Education implemented more stringent underwriting criteria for PLUS program loans. While PLUS program loans for most of fiscal 2012 remained fairly consistent with fiscal 2011, students attending, or interested in attending, our schools experienced a significant decrease in PLUS loans awarded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, and we expect this trend to continue into the foreseeable future.  For example, The Art Institutes experienced a 28% and 41% decrease in the number of students using PLUS program loans to fund a portion of their education expense in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 and first nine months of fiscal 2013, respectively, as compared to their respective prior year periods.
Recently, we have taken a number of actions to address this issue including, among other measures, expanding our scholarship programs at The Art Institutes and extending greater amounts of credit to those Art Institute students who are denied PLUS program loans but who still enroll in school. We increased the maximum length of payment plans from 36 months beyond graduation to 42 months beyond graduation effective in October 2012, and we recently announced a tuition freeze through calendar year 2015 for any student enrolled by October 2013 at The Art Institutes. In addition, during the quarter ended March 31, 2013, we commenced a new student lending program under which we will purchase loans awarded and disbursed to our students from a private lender. We do not expect activity under this program to be significant through the remainder of fiscal 2013; however, loans awarded and disbursed under this program will likely increase during fiscal 2014.
Nevertheless, this change in PLUS loan availability, along with continued economic pressures and a reluctance by parents to incur additional indebtedness, is expected to result in a significant decrease in the number of students using

35


PLUS program loans to finance their education at our Art Institute schools, which will adversely impact the number of students attending those schools in the future.  Furthermore, the increased lending activity described above will likely continue to result in comparably higher bad debt expense as a percentage of net revenues in future periods. For example, bad debt expense as a percentage of net revenues was 6.8% during the first nine months of fiscal 2013, as compared to 5.5% during the first nine months of fiscal 2012.
Investigations of private sector education institutions, student concerns over incurring debt in the current economic climate and negative media have adversely impacted each of our reporting units.
As described in greater detail in Part II, Item 7 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Trends, Developments and Challenges” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, although we believe that there are a number of factors that should contribute to long-term demand for post-secondary education, recently the industry as a whole has been challenged by a number of factors, including the overall negative impact of the current political and economic climate. We and other private sector post-secondary education providers have been subject to increased regulatory scrutiny and litigation in recent years. Furthermore, the current economic climate has impacted the ability of many prospective students to make cash payments to fund their education, and recently there has been a significant amount of negative publicity surrounding the debt that many students incur to pay for a post-secondary education. We believe that the negative publicity surrounding student indebtedness, together with the inability of students to pay cash for their education and the effect of the numerous investigations of the private sector post-secondary industry, has led to a reluctance on the part of some prospective students to enroll in our schools.
Declines in enrollment in fully-online programs have adversely impacted the current financial results of The Art Institute of Pittsburgh, Argosy University and South University, and may impact our future results.
As described in greater detail in Part II, Item 7 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Trends, Developments and Challenges” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, we believe that the non-traditional students who comprise a significant portion of our online student population have been impacted more significantly by the prolonged nature of the current economic downturn.  Additionally, we believe that competition for fully-online students has increased over the last several years and that, in general, interest in our programs has been adversely affected by the substantial negative media coverage of our business and industry. These external factors, as well as changes that we have made to our online academic programs, such as the shift to a non-term academic structure for our fully-online programs at Argosy University and South University and changes within our marketing efforts at South University, have impacted the performance of fully-online offerings. Recently, we have started to see improved financial performance for South University as a result of the changes to the marketing of its fully-online programs described above.
Potential changes to the 90/10 Rule could impact financial results in fiscal 2013 and beyond.
As described in greater detail in Part II, Item 7 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Trends, Developments and Challenges” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, various legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress that would heighten the requirements of the 90/10 Rule. If these proposed changes were adopted, we would have to make material changes to our business to remain eligible to participate in Title IV programs, which could materially and adversely affect our business. In addition, reductions in state-funded student financial aid programs also could adversely impact our compliance with the 90/10 Rule, because tuition revenue derived from such programs is included in the 10% portion of the rule calculation.
Due to the impact of the foregoing factors, our net revenues and average student population declined in fiscal 2012 and in the first nine months of fiscal 2013. Our average enrolled student body decreased from 147,000 during the nine months ended March 31, 2012 to 129,500 during the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and our average enrolled student body for fully-online programs decreased from 40,800 to 32,500 during the same periods. Our net revenues decreased from $2,121.8 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2012 to $1,903.4 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2013. Although we anticipate these factors will continue to impact us during the remainder of fiscal 2013, we are seeing encouraging demand trends as well as improved student retention across our colleges and universities.
Additionally, our cash flows from operations have been trending downward in past periods consistent with the declines in net revenues. In order to address future cash needs, during the second quarter of fiscal 2013 we completed five sale-leaseback transactions with unrelated third parties for net proceeds of $65.1 million, which are classified as a cash inflow from investing activities in the nine months ended March 31, 2013. These proceeds were used to help pay down $162.3 million of the outstanding balance on our $375.0 million senior notes due in June 2014, which was recorded as a cash outflow from financing activities.  Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 4, "Property and Equipment" and Note 8, "Short-term and Long-term Debt" for more information on these transactions. In addition, through purchasing efficiencies, reprioritizing certain projects and the elimination of others, we believe that our fiscal 2013 capital spending will be approximately 3.5% of net revenues. We

36


have opened one school location during fiscal 2013 and expect to open one additional school location in calendar 2013, depending on the timing of regulatory approvals.
The trends described above also have resulted in our business becoming less predictable, which we expect to remain the case for the foreseeable future.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the percentage relationship of certain statements of operations items to net revenues.
Amounts expressed as a percentage of net revenues
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net revenues
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Educational services
54.8
 %
 
54.4
 %
 
57.4
 %
 
53.4
 %
General and administrative
26.0
 %
 
27.3
 %
 
26.8
 %
 
27.3
 %
Depreciation and amortization
6.3
 %
 
5.8
 %
 
6.5
 %
 
5.6
 %
Long-lived asset impairments
50.7
 %
 
70.5
 %
 
17.0
 %
 
23.3
 %
Total costs and expenses
137.8
 %
 
158.0
 %
 
107.7
 %
 
109.6
 %
Loss before interest and taxes
(37.8
)%
 
(58.0
)%
 
(7.7
)%
 
(9.6
)%
Interest expense, net
4.8
 %
 
3.6
 %
 
4.9
 %
 
3.7
 %
Loss on debt refinancing
0.8
 %
 
1.3
 %
 
0.3
 %
 
0.4
 %
Loss before income taxes
(43.4
)%
 
(62.9
)%
 
(12.9
)%
 
(13.7
)%
Income tax expense (benefit)
1.0
 %
 
(3.6
)%
 
1.0
 %
 
1.5
 %
Net loss
(44.4
)%
 
(59.3
)%
 
(13.9
)%
 
(15.2
)%
Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 (current quarter) Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 (prior year quarter)
All basis point changes are presented as a change in the percentage of net revenues in each period of comparison.
Net revenues
Net revenues consist primarily of tuition and fees, student housing fees, bookstore sales, restaurant sales in connection with culinary programs, workshop fees and sales of related study materials.  The amount of tuition revenue received from students varies based on the average tuition charge per credit hour, average credit hours taken per student, type of program, specific curriculum and average student population.  The largest component of our net revenues is tuition collected from our students, which is presented in our statements of operations after deducting refunds, scholarships and other adjustments.  Bookstore and housing revenues are largely a function of the average student population. The significant majority of our net revenues indirectly come from various government-sponsored student finance programs.  Our quarterly net revenues and net income fluctuate primarily as a result of the pattern of student enrollments.  We typically recognize less net revenue in the first quarter of our fiscal year than other quarters due to student vacations.
Net revenues decreased 9.1% to $638.9 million in the current quarter compared to $702.5 million in the prior year quarter due primarily to an 11.4% decrease in average enrolled student body to 128,300 students compared to the prior year quarter. In addition, new student enrollment in the March 31, 2013 quarter decreased by 9.5% compared to the prior year quarter, to approximately 24,500 students. The reduction in new student enrollment includes the impact of the strategic changes made in marketing efforts in the summer of 2012 related to South University's fully-online programs explained in more detail under "Analysis of Operating Results by Reportable Segment." When excluding enrollment from South University's fully-online programs, new student enrollment increased by 2.0%. Average revenue per student increased by 2.6% in the current quarter due to a greater mix of campus-based students relative to fully-online students.



37


Educational services expense
Educational services expense consists primarily of costs related to the development, delivery and administration of our education programs. Major cost components are faculty compensation, salaries of administrative and student services staff, costs of educational materials, facility occupancy costs, bad debt expense and information systems costs. Educational services expense decreased by $32.1 million, or 8.4%, to $350.1 million in the current quarter. As a percentage of net revenues, educational services expense increased by 40 basis points. During the prior year quarter, we recognized $3.0 million of restructuring and lease termination expenses at two of our four education systems; after adjusting for these items, educational services expense increased by 82 basis points compared to the prior year quarter.
Within educational services expense, rent expense increased by 107 basis points in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to decreases in average class size and the resulting loss of operating leverage. Additionally, the new leases associated with the five sale-leaseback transactions that were completed with unrelated third parties in the second quarter of fiscal 2013 contributed to this increase.
Bad debt expense was $39.9 million, or 6.2% of net revenues, in the current quarter compared to $41.2 million, or 5.9% of net revenues, in the prior year quarter, an increase of 37 basis points. The increase in bad debt expense as a percentage of net revenues was primarily due to an increase in the extension of credit to our students largely attributable to the reduced PLUS loan availability explained above under "Key Trends, Developments and Challenges." Partially offsetting the bad debt increases from increased extension of credit to our students were lower receivable balances and better collections for students enrolled in fully-online programs at Argosy University and South University.
Partially offsetting the above items was a decrease in salaries and benefits expenses in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter of 52 basis points. The remaining net decrease of ten basis points resulted from changes in other costs, none of which was individually significant.
General and administrative expense
General and administrative expense consists of marketing and student admissions expenses and certain central staff departmental costs such as executive management, finance and accounting, legal, corporate development and other departments that do not provide direct services to our students. General and administrative expense was $166.8 million in the current quarter, a decrease of 13.0% from $191.7 million in the prior year quarter. As a percentage of net revenues, general and administrative expense decreased by 119 basis points compared to the prior year quarter. During the prior year quarter, we recognized $2.9 million of restructuring expenses; after adjusting for this item, general and administrative expense decreased by 77 basis points compared to the prior year quarter.
Marketing and admissions costs were 22.7% of net revenues in the current quarter and 23.0% of net revenues in the prior year quarter representing a decrease of 26 basis points. This decrease is primarily due to the impact of the strategic changes made in marketing efforts in the summer of 2012 related to South University's fully-online programs explained in more detail below under "Analysis of Operating Results by Reportable Segment."
In addition, non-marketing and admissions related salaries and benefits decreased by 26 basis points and consulting and related costs, including legal costs, decreased by 27 basis points in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. The remaining net increase of two basis points as a percentage of net revenues in the current quarter relates to other items, none of which was individually significant.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization on long-lived assets was $40.3 million in the current quarter compared to $40.6 million in the prior year quarter, a decrease of 0.8%. Depreciation and amortization expense increased by 52 basis points in the current quarter as a percentage of net revenues primarily due to lower net revenues in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter.
Loss on debt refinancing
On March 5, 2013, we completed the exchange of $365.3 million of our 8.75% senior notes due June 1, 2014 for (i) $203.0 million of New Notes and (ii) $162.3 million of cash. In connection with the exchange offer, we incurred fees of $5.2 million to third parties that were recorded as a loss on debt refinancing during the quarter ended March 31, 2013.
On March 30, 2012, we completed a refinancing of the $348.6 million portion of the $1.1 billion term loan under our senior secured credit facility that was due to expire in June 2013 by replacing it with $350.0 million of new term debt under the same credit agreement. The amendment was accounted for as an extinguishment of the original term loan, and we recorded a loss on debt refinancing of $9.5 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2012. This loss was comprised of $2.0 million of previously deferred financing fees and $7.5 million in fees paid to lending institutions to complete the refinancing.
Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 8, "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" for more information.

38


Long-lived asset impairments
During the current quarter, we recorded long-lived asset impairments of $323.7 million which consisted of a non-cash goodwill impairment of $294.5 million and a non-cash indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment of $28.0 million at The Art Institutes reporting unit. In addition, we recorded a $1.2 million non-cash impairment charge related to fixed assets at one of our schools in the current quarter. During the prior year quarter, we recorded long-lived asset impairments of $495.4 million, which consisted of non-cash goodwill impairments of $155.9 million, $254.6 million and $84.9 million at Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University, respectively. Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more information.
Interest expense, net
Net interest expense was $30.5 million in the current quarter, an increase of $5.0 million, or 19.8%, from the prior year quarter. The increase was primarily due to a higher variable interest rate following the amendment to our senior secured credit facility in March 2012. Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 8, "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" for more information.
Provision for income taxes
Our effective tax rates were (2.3)% and 5.7% for the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The effective tax rates in each quarter were significantly impacted by goodwill impairments, the majority of which were not deductible for income tax purposes. After adjusting for these impairments, our effective tax rates would have been 39.1% and 38.0% for the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In each of the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, we reduced tax expense by $0.7 million due to the reversal of uncertain tax liabilities upon the expiration of statutes of limitation. In the current quarter, we also reduced tax expense by $0.7 million as a result of a state income tax refund.
The effective rate increased in the current quarter as compared to the prior year quarter due to the impact that permanent tax differences have on lower earnings compared to the prior year, as well as a higher proportion of projected earnings coming from states with higher tax rates. The effective tax rates differed from the combined federal and state statutory rates due to valuation allowances, expenses that are non-deductible for tax purposes, and accounting related to uncertain tax positions.
As discussed in Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 11, "Income Taxes," we have evaluated the realizability of our deferred tax assets based upon the weight of all available evidence, both positive and negative, and believe it is more-likely-than-not that we will realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets and, as such, no valuation allowance is required except as disclosed in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," Note 11, "Income Taxes" of the Annual Report on Form 10-K with respect to certain state deferred tax assets.
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2013 (current period) Compared with the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2012 (prior year period)
All basis point changes are presented as a change in the percentage of net revenues in each period of comparison.
Net revenues
Net revenues decreased 10.3% from $2,121.8 million in the prior year period to $1,903.4 million in the current period due primarily to an 11.9% decrease in average enrolled student body to 129,500 students compared to the prior year period. In addition, new student enrollment in the March 31, 2013 year to date period decreased by 17% compared to the prior year period, to approximately 81,300 students, which was primarily due to declines in new student enrollment in fully-online programs. Average revenue per student increased by 1.8% in the current period due to a greater mix of campus-based students relative to fully-online students.
Educational services expense
Educational services expense decreased by $40.6 million, or 3.6%, from $1,132.4 million in the prior year period to $1,091.8 million in the current period. As a percentage of net revenues, educational services expense increased by 399 basis points.
Bad debt expense was $129.7 million, or 6.8% of net revenues, in the current period compared to $117.7 million, or 5.5% of net revenues, in the prior year period, which represented an increase of 127 basis points. The increase in bad debt expense as a percentage of net revenues was primarily due to an increase in the extension of credit to our students, which is largely attributable to the reduced PLUS loan availability explained above under "Key Trends, Developments and Challenges."
Salaries and benefits expenses increased 109 basis points as a percentage of net revenues and rent expense associated with school locations increased 107 basis points as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year period due primarily to decreases in average class size and the resulting loss of operating leverage. We also completed five sale-leaseback transactions with unrelated third parties in the second quarter of fiscal 2013 that resulted in recognizing a net loss of $3.5

39


million. This loss represented an increase of 18 basis points as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year period. Cost of retail sales increased by 23 basis points primarily due to the Brown Mackie Colleges segment converting to iPads, which includes electronic books, and the resulting decrease in margins. The remaining net increase of 15 basis points in the current nine month period relates to other items, none of which was individually significant.
General and administrative expense
General and administrative expense was $512.5 million in the current period, a decrease of 11.9% from $581.6 million in the prior year period. As a percentage of net revenues, general and administrative expense decreased by 49 basis points compared to the prior year period.
Marketing and admissions costs were 22.6% of net revenues in the current period compared to 23.0% of net revenues in the prior year period representing a decrease of 39 basis points. The remaining net decrease of ten basis points in the current period relates to other items, none of which was individually significant.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization on long-lived assets was $123.7 million in the current period compared to $118.7 million in the prior year period, an increase of 4.2%. During the current period, we recorded accelerated amortization of $4.6 million primarily resulting from the write off of a software asset that no longer had a useful life. After adjusting for this charge, depreciation and amortization expense increased by 66 basis points in the current period as a percentage of net revenues primarily due to lower net revenues in the current period compared to the prior year period.
Loss on debt refinancing
On March 5, 2013, we completed the exchange of $365.3 million of our 8.75% senior notes due June 1, 2014 for (i) $203.0 million of New Notes and (ii) $162.3 million of cash. In connection with the exchange offer, we incurred fees of $5.2 million to third parties that were recorded as a loss on debt refinancing during the nine months ended March 31, 2013.
On March 30, 2012, we completed a refinancing of the $348.6 million portion of the $1.1 billion term loan under our senior secured credit facility that was due to expire in June 2013 by replacing it with $350.0 million of new term debt under the same credit agreement. The amendment was accounted for as an extinguishment of the original term loan, and we recorded a loss on debt refinancing of $9.5 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2012. This loss was comprised of $2.0 million of previously deferred financing fees and $7.5 million in fees paid to lending institutions to complete the refinancing.
Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 8, "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" for more information.
Long-lived asset impairments
During the nine months ended March 31, 2013, we recorded long-lived asset impairments of $323.7 million which consisted of a non-cash goodwill impairment of $294.5 million and a non-cash indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment of $28.0 million at The Art Institutes reporting unit. In addition, we recorded a $1.2 million non-cash impairment charge related to fixed assets at one of our schools in the current quarter. During the nine months ended March 31, 2013, we recorded long-lived asset impairments of $495.4 million, which consisted of non-cash goodwill impairments of $155.9 million, $254.6 million and $84.9 million at Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University, respectively. Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more information.
Interest expense, net
Net interest expense was $92.9 million in the current period, an increase of $13.8 million, or 17.4%, from the prior year period. The increase was primarily due to a higher variable interest rate following the amendment to our senior secured credit facility in March 2012. Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 8, "Short-Term and Long-Term Debt" for more information.
Provision for income taxes
Our effective tax rates were (7.9)% and (10.9)% for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The effective tax rates in each period were significantly impacted by goodwill impairments, the majority of which were not deductible for income tax purposes. After adjusting for these impairments, our effective tax rates would have been 40.4% and 38.7% for the nine month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In each of the nine months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, we reduced tax expense by $0.7 million due to the reversal of uncertain tax liabilities upon the expiration of statutes of limitation. In the current year period, we reduced tax expense by $0.7 million as a result of a state income tax refund.
The effective rate increased in the current period as compared to the prior year period due to the impact that permanent tax differences have on lower earnings compared to the prior year, as well as a higher proportion of projected earnings coming

40


from states with higher tax rates. The effective tax rates differed from the combined federal and state statutory rates due to valuation allowances, expenses that are non-deductible for tax purposes, and accounting related to uncertain tax positions.
As discussed in Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 11, "Income Taxes," we have evaluated the realizability of our deferred tax assets based upon the weight of all available evidence, both positive and negative, and believe it is more-likely-than-not that we will realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets and, as such, no valuation allowance is required except as disclosed in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," Note 11, "Income Taxes" of the Annual Report on Form 10-K with respect to certain state deferred tax assets.
Analysis of Operating Results by Reportable Segment
Each of the Company's schools provides student-centered education. Our schools are organized by education system and are aligned to specific targeted markets based on field of study, employment opportunity, type of degree offering and student demographics, and our operations are organized into four corresponding reportable segments. The Company's four reportable segments are The Art Institutes, Argosy University, Brown Mackie Colleges and South University.
Student information by segment was as follows:
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
New student enrollment:
2013
 
2012
 
% Change
The Art Institutes
11,200

 
12,100

 
(7.3
)%
Argosy University
5,100

 
4,300

 
18.1
 %
Brown Mackie Colleges
4,100

 
4,000

 
3.7
 %
South University
4,100

 
6,700

 
(39.0
)%
Total EDMC
24,500

 
27,100

 
(9.5
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average enrolled student body (A):
 
 
 
 
 
The Art Institutes
67,000

 
75,300

 
(11.1
)%
Argosy University
25,300

 
28,400

 
(10.9
)%
Brown Mackie Colleges
17,000

 
18,600

 
(8.3
)%
South University
19,000

 
22,500

 
(15.6
)%
Total EDMC
128,300

 
144,800

 
(11.4
)%
(A) Average enrolled student body is calculated as the three month average of the unique students who met attendance requirements within a month of the quarter.
 
April
 
April
 
 
Starting student enrollment (B):
2013
 
2012
 
% Change
The Art Institutes
63,700

 
70,500

 
(9.8
)%
Argosy University
24,500

 
26,100

 
(6.2
)%
Brown Mackie Colleges
16,700

 
18,200

 
(8.1
)%
South University
17,600

 
20,100

 
(12.3
)%
Total EDMC
122,500

 
134,900

 
(9.2
)%

(B) Fully-online enrollment is measured based on the number of students meeting attendance requirements over a two-week period near the start of the fiscal quarter.
EBITDA excluding certain expenses is the measure used by the chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. It is defined as net income before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and certain expenses. EBITDA excluding certain expenses is not a recognized term under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to net income as a measure of operating performance or to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Additionally, EBITDA excluding certain expenses is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow available for management’s discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments and debt service requirements. Management believes EBITDA excluding certain expenses is helpful in highlighting trends because EBITDA excluding certain expenses excludes the results of decisions that are outside the control of operating management and can differ significantly from company to company depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which companies operate and capital investments. Management compensates for the

41


limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures by using them to supplement GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than GAAP results alone. Because not all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of EBITDA excluding certain expenses may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Adjustments to reconcile segment results to consolidated results are included under the caption “Corporate and other,” which primarily includes unallocated corporate activity. Refer to Item 1, “Financial Statements,” Note 14, “Segments” for a reconciliation of EBITDA excluding certain expenses by reportable segment to consolidated loss before income taxes.
Net revenues and EBITDA excluding certain expenses by segment were as follows (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Art Institutes
$
393,560

 
$
442,842

 
$
1,185,232

 
$
1,341,344

Argosy University
94,430

 
104,781

 
268,663

 
308,995

Brown Mackie Colleges
73,876

 
77,949

 
226,122

 
240,617

South University
77,037

 
76,927

 
223,346

 
230,826

Total EDMC
$
638,903

 
$
702,499

 
$
1,903,363

 
$
2,121,782

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA excluding certain expenses: (A)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Art Institutes
$
100,527

 
$
124,611

 
$
280,714

 
$
386,688

Argosy University
16,373

 
19,202

 
33,363

 
50,580

Brown Mackie Colleges
8,436

 
14,521

 
28,798

 
50,733

South University
15,410

 
(1,980
)
 
30,670

 
1,320

Corporate and other
(18,791
)
 
(21,898
)
 
(65,341
)
 
(68,993
)
Total EDMC
$
121,955

 
$
134,456

 
$
308,204

 
$
420,328

(A) EBITDA excluding certain expenses excludes the following:
long-lived asset impairments and a loss on debt refinancing in all current year and prior year periods;
restructuring expenses in the current nine-month period; and
restructuring expenses in the prior year periods.
Refer to Item 1, “Financial Statements," Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" and Note 14, “Segment Reporting" for more information.

Additionally, depreciation and amortization expense is excluded from EBITDA excluding certain expenses, which was as follows (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
For the Nine Months Ended March 31,
Depreciation and Amortization:
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
The Art Institutes
$
20,689

 
$
20,700

 
$
59,969

 
$
60,136

Argosy University
4,294

 
4,466

 
12,753

 
13,325

Brown Mackie Colleges
5,503

 
6,104

 
17,116

 
17,948

South University
3,377

 
3,327

 
9,885

 
9,453

Corporate and other
6,403

 
6,013

 
23,944

 
17,832

Total EDMC
$
40,266

 
$
40,610

 
$
123,667

 
$
118,694

    
Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 (current quarter) Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 (prior year quarter)
The Art Institutes
Net revenues decreased by $49.3 million, or 11.1%, to $393.6 million in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 11.1%, or approximately 8,300 students. In addition, new student enrollment in the current quarter decreased by 7.3% compared to the prior year quarter to approximately 11,200 students. The decreases in average and new student enrollments were primarily the result of the factors described above under "Key Trends, Developments and Challenges."
The volume of applications for prospective students at The Art Institutes decreased in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. Additionally, the rate at which students who completed an application and enrolled in one of our programs, which we refer to as our "start rate," declined for The Art Institutes compared to the prior year quarter. This decrease was due

42


in part to the difficulty many traditional-aged students are having financing their education due to the decreased availability of PLUS program loans.
These declines in student enrollment and net revenues contributed to the $24.1 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses, which fell to $100.5 million at The Art Institutes in the current quarter. While operating expenses were higher as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year quarter, actual costs decreased compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to previously implemented staffing adjustments intended to align costs with enrollment levels and slightly lower advertising expense.
We determined a portion of the existing goodwill balance at The Art Institutes reporting unit was impaired at March 31, 2013. Refer to "Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies" and Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more information.
Argosy University
Net revenues decreased by $10.4 million, or 9.9%, to $94.4 million in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 10.9%, or approximately 3,100 students. The decrease in average enrolled student body was primarily the result of the factors described above under "Key Trends, Developments and Challenges." However, new student enrollment increased by 18.1% to approximately 5,100 students in the current quarter as compared to the prior year quarter.
Application volume for prospective students increased significantly in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. In addition, new student cohort retention, which we measure 180 days after the initial start of the academic term, improved significantly during the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter.
The decline in average enrolled student body and net revenues contributed to the $2.8 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses to $16.4 million at Argosy University in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. While operating expenses were higher as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year quarter, actual costs decreased compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to previously implemented staffing adjustments intended to align costs with enrollment levels and slightly lower advertising expense.
Brown Mackie Colleges
Net revenues decreased $4.1 million, or 5.2%, to $73.9 million in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 8.3%, or approximately 1,600 students. The decrease in average enrolled student body was primarily the result of the factors described above under "Key Trends, Developments and Challenges." However, new student enrollment in the current quarter increased by 3.7% to approximately 4,100 students compared to the prior year quarter. In addition, new student cohort retention improved significantly compared to the prior year quarter.
The above decrease in average enrolled student body and net revenues contributed to a $6.1 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses to $8.4 million at Brown Mackie Colleges in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. Operating expenses increased 3.2% in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter. Cost of retail sales increased due to the transition of this segment's students from traditional book sales to the use of iPads and electronic books in the current fiscal year and the resulting decrease in margins. Rent expense increased in the current quarter due to a lease termination fee received that was being amortized as a reduction to rent expense through December 2012. Additionally, advertising expense increased slightly in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter.
South University
Net revenues were flat in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter despite a decrease in average enrolled student body of 15.6%, or approximately 3,500 students, and a new student enrollment decline of 39.0% to approximately 4,100 students. The decreases in student enrollment was offset by an increase in average revenue per student of 18.6% in the current quarter due to a greater mix of campus-based students relative to fully-online students.
Average and new student enrollments as well as application volume increased in the current quarter for campus-based programs compared to the prior year quarter. The overall decrease in student enrollment in the current quarter was primarily the result of fewer students enrolling in South University's fully-online programs. South University substantially revised its marketing efforts for fully-online programs at the beginning of fiscal 2013 in order to more effectively attract students who it believes are more likely to apply, start and persist towards completion of their academic program. This change resulted in substantially fewer new students but better performance on quality metrics such as new student cohort retention, which improved significantly during the current quarter for both campus-based and fully-online programs.
South University's EBITDA excluding certain expenses was $15.4 million in the current quarter compared to a loss of $2.0 million in the prior year quarter. The increase of $17.4 million in EBITDA excluding certain expenses quarter over

43


quarter was primarily due to the marketing changes described above, which resulted in lower marketing and admissions expenses.
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2013 (current period) Compared with the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2012 (prior year period)
The Art Institutes
Net revenues decreased by $156.1 million, or 11.6%, to $1,185.2 million in the current period compared to the prior year period due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 11.4%, or approximately 8,700 students. In addition, new student enrollment in the current period decreased by 14.6% compared to the prior year period to approximately 40,400 students.
The volume of applications for prospective students at The Art Institutes decreased in the current period compared to the prior year period. Additionally, the start rate declined for The Art Institutes compared to the prior year period. This decrease was due in part to the difficulty many traditional-aged students are having financing their education due to the decreased availability of PLUS program loans.
These declines in student enrollment and net revenues contributed to the $106.0 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses, which fell to $280.7 million at The Art Institutes in the current period. While operating expenses were higher as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year period, actual costs decreased primarily due to cost savings from reductions in staffing levels and slightly lower advertising expense. These decreases were partially offset by higher bad debt expense in the current period compared to the prior year period, principally from the extension of credit to students enrolled at The Art Institutes due in part to the recent changes in the availability of PLUS program loans.
We determined a portion of the existing goodwill balance at The Art Institutes reporting unit was impaired at March 31, 2013. Refer to "Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies" and Item 1, "Financial Statements", Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more information.
Argosy University
Net revenues decreased by $40.3 million, or 13.1%, to $268.7 million in the current period compared to the prior year period due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 13.4%, or approximately 3,900 students. In addition, new student enrollment in the current period compared to the prior year period decreased by 6.0% to approximately 14,400 students. Application volume for prospective students at Argosy University increased in the current year period compared to the prior year period while start rates were down.
These declines in student enrollment and net revenues contributed to the $17.2 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses to $33.4 million at Argosy University in the current period compared to the prior year period. While operating expenses were higher as a percentage of net revenues compared to the prior year period, actual costs decreased compared to the prior year period primarily due to cost savings from reductions in staffing levels and lower advertising expenses.
Brown Mackie Colleges
Net revenues decreased $14.5 million, or 6.0%, to $226.1 million in the current period compared to the prior year period due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 10.1%, or approximately 2,000 students. In addition, new student enrollment in the current period compared to the prior year period also decreased by 2.9% to approximately 13,000 students.
The above decreases in student enrollment and net revenues resulted in the $21.9 million decrease in EBITDA excluding certain expenses to $28.8 million at Brown Mackie Colleges in the current period compared to the prior year period. Operating expenses increased 3.9% in the current period compared to the prior year period, which was primarily due to an increase in cost of retail sales. This segment transitioned its students to the use of iPads and electronic books in the current period and the resulting decrease in traditional book sales resulted in a decrease in margins. Rent expense also increased in the current period compared to the prior year period.
South University
Net revenues decreased $7.5 million, or 3.2%, to $223.3 million in the current period compared to the prior year period due primarily to a decrease in average enrolled student body of 13.2%, or approximately 2,900 students. In addition, new student enrollment in the current period compared to the prior year period also decreased by 38.4% to approximately 13,500 students. The decreases in student enrollment was partially offset by an increase in average revenue per student of 11.3% in the current year period due to a greater mix of campus-based students relative to fully-online students.
Average and new student enrollments as well as application volume increased in the current period for campus-based programs compared to the prior year period The overall decreases in student enrollment in the current year period were

44


primarily the result of fewer students enrolling in South University's fully-online programs. South University substantially revised its marketing efforts for fully-online programs at the beginning of fiscal 2013 in order to more effectively attract students who it believes are more likely to apply, start and persist towards completion of their academic program.
South University's EBITDA excluding certain expenses was $30.7 million in the current period compared to $1.3 million in the prior year period. The increase of $29.4 million in EBITDA excluding certain expenses in the current period compared to the prior year period was primarily due to the marketing changes described above, which resulted in lower marketing and admissions expenses.
Liquidity and Funds of Capital Resources
We finance our operating activities primarily from cash generated from operations, and our primary source of cash is tuition collected from our students. Most of the students at our U.S. schools rely, at least in part, on financial assistance programs to pay for their education, the most significant of which are federal student aid programs under Title IV of the HEA. We believe that cash flow from operations, supplemented from time to time with borrowings under our revolving credit facility, will provide adequate funds for ongoing operations, planned capital expenditures and debt service during the next twelve months. 
Operating cash flows
Despite lower operating performance in the current period, cash flows provided by operating activities for the nine months ended March 31, 2013 were $286.2 million compared to $152.7 million in the nine months ended March 31, 2012. Current year operating cash flows were comparatively higher primarily due to a transfer of $210.0 million to restricted cash in the prior year quarter in connection with the issuance of letters of credit under our cash secured letter of credit facilities, which reduced the prior year period's cash flow from operating activities. The cash secured letter of credit facilities are being used to help satisfy our previously disclosed letter of credit requirement with the U.S. Department of Education.
The extent to which we extend credit to our students has increased over the last several years due to decreases in the availability of PLUS program and private loans for students, and we expect this trend to continue in the future. We extend credit to students to help fund the difference between our total tuition and fees and the amount covered by other sources, including amounts awarded under Title IV programs, private loans obtained by students, and cash payments by students. Several times over the last two fiscal years, we extended the repayment period for financing made available to students beyond graduation. Most recently we extended the repayment period from a maximum of 36 months beyond graduation to a maximum of 42 months beyond graduation in October 2012. The total amount of gross receivables that extend beyond twelve months as a result of the additional extension of credit to students, which are recorded as a long-term asset, approximated $45.8 million at March 31, 2013, compared to $25.6 million at March 31, 2012. In March 2013, we commenced a new student lending program under which we will purchase loans awarded and disbursed to our students by a private lender. No aid was awarded under this program for academic terms that started prior to March 31, 2013.
The additional extension of credit has contributed to the increase in bad debt expense as a percentage of our net revenues to 6.8% during the nine months ended March 31, 2013 compared to 5.5% for the nine months ended March 31, 2012. If students continue to utilize this funding source or the new student lending program described above, our bad debt expense as a percentage of net revenues will likely continue to increase and our cash flow from operations will continue to decrease, due to delayed receipts of cash from students. Because these funding sources are not federal student loans, these plans do not directly affect our published federal student loan cohort default rates. However, these funding sources may have an indirect negative impact on the federal student loan cohort default rates because our students effectively may have more total debt upon graduation.
Our student receivables balance reaches a peak immediately after the billing of tuition and fees at the beginning of each academic period. We collect the majority of these receivables at or near the start of each academic period when we receive federal financial aid proceeds and cash payments from continuing students. Because the academic terms of our programs do not all coincide with our quarterly reporting periods, we may have quarterly fluctuations in cash receipts, reported net cash flow from operations, net accounts receivable, unearned tuition and advance payment balances. For the nine months ended March 31, 2013, there were no significant changes to the start dates of academic terms in session as compared to the prior year period.
Most of our facilities are leased under operating lease agreements. We anticipate that future commitments on existing leases will be satisfied from cash provided from operating activities. We also expect to extend the terms of leases that will expire in the near future or enter into similar long-term commitments for comparable space.
We have accrued $3.9 million as of March 31, 2013 for uncertain tax positions, excluding interest and the indirect benefits associated with state income taxes. We may be required to pay the amounts accrued in future periods if we are ultimately unsuccessful in defending these uncertain tax positions. However, we cannot reasonably predict at this time the

45


future period in which these payments may occur, if at all.
Direct Loan Programs and Private Student Loans
We collected the substantial majority of our consolidated net revenues during fiscal 2012 from the receipt by students of Title IV financial aid program funds. On a consolidated basis, cash received from students attending our institutions from Title IV programs represented approximately 73% of our total cash receipts during fiscal 2012. These receipts include $515.8 million of stipends, which are receipts by students of financing that exceeds the tuition and fees paid to our institutions. Stipends are disbursed to students to use for living and other expenses incurred while attending school. Stipends are not included in our consolidated net revenues. For purposes of the 90/10 Rule, which tests receipts from Title IV programs on a cash basis and excludes certain receipts such as stipends, the percentage of revenues derived by our institutions from Title IV programs during fiscal 2012 ranged from approximately 56% to approximately 86%, with a weighted average of approximately 79%.
Our students' ability to obtain private loans has decreased substantially during the last three fiscal years due to adverse market conditions for consumer student loans. While we are taking steps to address the private loan needs of our students as described above, the consumer lending market could worsen. The inability of our students to finance their education could cause our student population to decrease, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Investing cash flows
Capital expenditures were $64.6 million, or 3.4% of net revenues, in the nine months ended March 31, 2013, compared to $64.7 million, or 3.0% of net revenues, in the nine months ended March 31, 2012.
Reimbursements for tenant improvements represent cash paid for capital expenditures in which the terms of the applicable lease agreements require the lessors to reimburse the Company for leasehold improvements.
During fiscal 2013, we completed five sale-leaseback transactions with unrelated third parties for net proceeds of $65.1 million. We recorded a net loss of $3.5 million related to these transactions during the nine months ended March 31, 2013; however, a gain of approximately $17.8 million was deferred and will be recognized over the initial terms of the new leases as a reduction to educational services expense, which range from three to 15 years.
Financing cash flows
As a result of the Transaction, we are highly leveraged and our debt service requirements are significant. As of March 31, 2013, we had $1,295.4 million in aggregate indebtedness outstanding. The largest portion of our debt is a senior secured credit facility, which currently consists of a $1.1 billion term loan and a $328.3 million revolving credit facility, that we obtained in connection with the Transaction.
On March 5, 2013, we completed a private exchange offer in which we exchanged our 8.75% senior notes due June 1, 2014 for (i) new Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes due July 1, 2018 and (ii) cash. In connection with this exchange offer, we paid down $162.3 million of the existing senior notes with cash on hand. We also incurred $5.2 million of fees to third parties of which $4.4 million was paid through March 31, 2013.
At March 31, 2013, we had issued an aggregate of $353.0 million in letters of credit, the majority of which are issued to the U.S. Department of Education, which requires us to maintain one or more letters of credit due to our failure to satisfy certain regulatory financial ratios after giving effect to the Transaction. In December 2012, the U.S. Department of Education decreased the required letter of credit from $414.5 million to $348.6 million, which equals 15% of the total Title IV aid received by students attending our institutions during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012.
In order to fund the current letter of credit obligation to the U.S. Department of Education, we used all $200.0 million of capacity under our cash secured letter of credit facilities and $148.6 million of letter of credit capacity under the revolving credit facility. Because letters of credit reduce the amount available for borrowing under the revolving credit facility, the amount available to borrow under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2013 was $175.3 million.
We borrowed $111.3 million under the revolving credit facility at June 30, 2012 in order to satisfy year-end regulatory financial ratios, which was repaid on July 2, 2012 from cash on hand at fiscal year-end. We did not borrow against the revolving credit facility at any other time during fiscal 2012 or fiscal 2013.
We may from time to time use cash on hand to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.


46


Covenant Compliance
Under its senior secured credit facilities, our subsidiary, EM LLC, is required to satisfy a maximum total leverage ratio, a minimum interest coverage ratio and other financial conditions tests. As of March 31, 2013, EM LLC was in compliance with the financial and non-financial covenants. Its continued ability to meet those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that it will meet those ratios and tests in the future.
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure used to determine our compliance with certain covenants contained in the indenture governing the Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes and in the credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA further adjusted to exclude unusual items and other adjustments permitted in calculating covenant compliance under our senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing the Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes. We believe that the inclusion of supplementary adjustments to EBITDA applied in presenting Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate to provide additional information to investors to demonstrate compliance with our financing covenants.
The breach of covenants in the credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities that are tied to ratios based on Adjusted EBITDA could result in a default under that agreement, in which case the lenders could elect to declare all borrowed amounts immediately due and payable. Any such acceleration also would result in a default under our indenture governing the Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes. Additionally, under the credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing the Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes, our subsidiaries’ ability to engage in activities, such as incurring additional indebtedness, making investments and paying dividends or other distributions, is also tied to ratios based on Adjusted EBITDA.
Adjusted EBITDA does not represent net income or cash flows from operations as those terms are defined by GAAP and does not necessarily indicate whether cash flows will be sufficient to fund cash needs. In addition, unlike GAAP measures such as net income and earnings per share, Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of our obligations to make interest payments on our other debt service obligations, which have increased substantially as a result of the indebtedness incurred in June 2006 to finance the Transaction and related expenses. While Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures frequently are used as measures of operations and the ability to meet debt service requirements, these terms are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled captions of other companies due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation. Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters that we may consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations. In particular, the definition of Adjusted EBITDA in our senior credit facilities and the indenture governing the Senior Notes allows us to add back certain non-cash, extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring charges that are deducted in calculating net income. However, these are expenses that may recur, vary greatly and are difficult to predict. Further, our debt instruments require that Adjusted EBITDA be calculated for the most recent four fiscal quarters. As a result, the measure can be affected disproportionately by a particularly strong or weak quarter. Further, it may not be comparable to the measure for any subsequent twelve-month period or any complete fiscal year.
The following is a reconciliation of net income, which is a GAAP measure of operating results, to Adjusted EBITDA for Education Management LLC as defined in its debt agreements. The terms and related calculations are defined in the senior secured credit agreement (in millions).
 
For the Twelve Month Period
Ended March 31, 2013
Net loss
$
(1,454.7
)
Interest expense, net
124.1

Income tax benefit
(26.3
)
Depreciation and amortization
163.6

EBITDA
(1,193.3
)
Long-lived asset impairments (1)
1,575.1

Loss on debt refinancing (2)
5.2

Severance and relocation
14.4

Non-cash compensation (3)
15.1

Other
8.5

Adjusted EBITDA - Covenant Compliance
$
425.0

 
(1)
We recorded long-lived asset impairments of $323.7 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2013. Additionally, we recorded impairments of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets of $1,251.4 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2012. Refer to Item 1 "Financial Statements," Note 5 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" and Note 4 "Property and Equipment" for more information.


47


(2)
In March 2013, we recorded a $5.2 million loss on debt refinancing in connection with the refinancing of the senior notes.

(3)
Represents non-cash expense for stock options and restricted stock.
Our financial covenant requirements under the senior secured credit facilities and actual ratios for the twelve month period ended March 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
 
Covenant
Requirements
 
Actual
Ratios
Senior secured credit facility
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA to Consolidated Interest Expense ratio
Minimum of 2.75x
 
3.42x
Consolidated Total Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio
Maximum of 3.50x
 
2.62x
Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment of $294.5 million at The Art Institutes reporting unit. Refer to Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for more information. The following table illustrates the amount of goodwill allocated to each reporting unit as well as the deficit, if any, created between the fair value and the carrying value of each reporting unit that would occur given hypothetical reductions in their respective fair values at March 31, 2013: 
 
 
 
Step One Analysis:
 
 
 
Deficit Caused By Hypothetical Reductions to Fair Value
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
Goodwill
 
5%
 
15%
 
25%
 
35%
The Art Institutes
$
568

 
$

 
$

 
$
(23
)
 
$
(138
)
Argosy University
63

 

 

 

 

South University
38

 

 

 

 

Total EDMC
$
669

 
$

 
$

 
$
(23
)
 
$
(138
)
Holding all other factors constant, an increase in the discount rate of 100 basis points would not have resulted in the carrying values of The Art Institutes, Argosy University and South University exceeding their estimated fair values at March 31, 2013 (after recording the current quarter goodwill impairment charge at The Art Institutes).
Regulatory Environment and Gainful Employment
In October 2010, the U.S. Department of Education issued new regulations pertaining to certain aspects of the administration of the Title IV programs, including, but not limited to state authorization; disclosure of information related to gainful employment; compensation for persons and entities engaged in certain aspects of recruiting, admissions and student financial aid; determination of attendance; and definition of credit hours. With minor exceptions, these regulations became effective July 1, 2011.
See Part I, Item 1 “Business — Student Financial Assistance — Program Integrity Regulations" of our June 30, 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Contingencies
Refer to Item 1 “Financial Statements,” Note 12 “Contingencies."
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
Most of our facilities are leased under operating lease agreements. We anticipate that future commitments on existing leases through fiscal 2028 will be satisfied from cash provided from operating activities. We also expect to extend the terms of leases that will expire in the near future or enter into similar long-term commitments for comparable space.
At March 31, 2013, we have provided $21.9 million of surety bonds primarily to state regulatory agencies through four different surety providers. We believe that these surety bonds will expire without being funded; therefore, the commitments are not expected to affect our financial condition.
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
None

48



Certain Risks and Uncertainties
Certain of the matters that we discuss in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which are based on information currently available to management, typically contain words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately” or “plans” or similar words and concern our strategy, plans or intentions. However, the absence of these or similar words does not mean that any particular statement is not forward-looking. All of the statements that we make relating to estimated and projected earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and financial results are forward looking statements. In addition, from time to time, we make forward-looking public statements concerning our expected future operations and performance and other developments. These and any other forward-looking statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially and unpredictably from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions, and we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and impossible to anticipate all factors, that could affect our actual results.
Some of the factors that we believe could affect our results and that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to: the timing and magnitude of student enrollment and changes in student mix, including the relative proportions of on-ground and online students enrolled in our programs; changes in average registered credits taken by students; our ability to maintain eligibility to participate in Title IV programs; other changes in our students' ability to access federal and state financial aid, as well as private loans from third-party lenders; any difficulties we may face in opening new schools, growing our online academic programs and otherwise implementing our growth strategy; increased or unanticipated legal and regulatory costs; the results of program reviews and audits; changes in accreditation standards; the implementation of new operating procedures for our fully-online programs; the implementation of program initiatives in response to, or as a result of further developments in, the litigation concerning the U.S. Department of Education's new gainful employment regulation; adjustments to our programmatic offerings to comply with the 90/10 rule;     our high degree of leverage and our ability to generate sufficient cash to service all of our debt obligations and other liquidity needs; other market and credit risks associated with the post-secondary education industry, adverse media coverage of the industry and overall condition of the industry; changes in the overall U.S. or global economy; disruptions or other changes in access to the credit and equity markets in the United States and worldwide; and the effects of war, terrorism, natural disasters or other catastrophic events.
The foregoing review of factors should not be construed as exhaustive. For a more detailed discussion of certain risk factors affecting the Company's risk profile, see Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. The Company expressly disclaims any current intention to update any forward-looking statements contained in this report.




49


ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In connection with the exchange offer of the Company's senior notes as described in Item 1. "Financial Statements," Note 8 "Short-term and Long-term Debt," the Company's weighted average interest rate increased from 7.4% at June 30, 2012 to 9.1% at March 31, 2013.
There have been no other significant changes to our market risk since June 30, 2012. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" of our June 30, 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company, under the supervision and participation of its management, which include the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of its “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. This evaluation was conducted as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Effective controls are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There were no changes that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.


50


PART II

OTHER INFORMATION



ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation and other legal disputes in the ordinary course of business. Refer to Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements," Note 12, "Contingencies" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding certain legal proceedings, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of Part I of the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
If any of our programs fail to qualify as programs leading to “gainful employment” in a recognized occupation under U.S. Department of Education regulations, students in those programs would be unable to obtain Title IV funds to finance their education and, if student demand for those programs declined significantly, we may determine to cease offering those
programs.

In 2011, the U.S. Department of Education promulgated final regulations imposing additional Title IV program eligibility requirements on educational programs, which were scheduled to become effective as of July 1, 2012 and which would have for the first time set forth standards that would be used to measure “preparation for gainful employment” and also require schools to notify the U.S. Department of Education prior to offering additional programs of study. On June 30, 2012, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia issued a decision in the case captioned Association of Private Sector Colleges and Universities v. Duncan that vacated most of the gainful employment regulations and remanded them to the U.S. Department of Education for further action. The Court's decision is subject to appeal by the U.S. Department of Education and could be modified or reversed on appeal. Moreover, on April 16, 2013 the U.S. Department of Education announced a new negotiated rulemaking which includes gainful employment as a topic for possible new regulations. We cannot predict whether the U.S. Department of Education will appeal the Court's decision or whether the new negotiated rulemaking will result in new or substantially similar gainful employment regulations as those previously proposed by the U.S. Department of Education. The gainful employment regulations requiring the disclosure of information to prospective students which became effective as of July 1, 2011 were not impacted by the case.

Because it is not yet clear how the U.S. Department of Education will respond to the ruling in the APSCU case or what will happen in connection with the new negotiated rulemaking process, it is not possible at this time to determine with any degree of certainty when new gainful employment regulations will go into effect, if at all, what their requirements ultimately might be or how our programs and business may be affected. However, in the event that the U.S. Department of Education appeals the APSCU case and the decision is overturned, the gainful employment regulations addressing program approvals and minimum standards for student outcomes could become effective. Additionally, the negotiated rulemaking process announced by the U.S. Department of Education could address the issues upon which the Court vacated the regulations. Based on draft data published by the U.S. Department of Education in June 2012, a number of our programs would become ineligible to participate in the Title IV programs if the gainful employment regulations were effective in their current form. Under the regulations as previously adopted, the continuing eligibility of our educational programs for Title IV funding would have been at risk due to factors not completely within our control, such as changes in the actual or deemed income level of our graduates, changes in student borrowing levels, increases in interest rates, changes in the federal poverty income level relevant for calculating discretionary income, changes in the percentage of our former students who are current in repayment of their student loans, and other factors. Further, even though deficiencies in the metrics may be correctable on a timely basis, the disclosure requirements to students following a failure to meet the standards as previously proposed may adversely impact enrollment in that program and may adversely impact the reputation of our educational institutions. We have implemented a number of initiatives to respond to the gainful employment rules, such as shorter programs and lowering the costs associated with a number of our programs. However, assuming that the regulations ultimately go into effect and depending upon their terms as ultimately adopted, certain of our programs may be unable to maintain eligibility to enroll students receiving Title IV funds or have restrictions placed upon program offerings as a result of not meeting prescribed metrics. To the extent that our new programmatic offerings do not offset the loss of any of our current programs which do not satisfy one of the three metrics under the new gainful employment regulation, the loss of students or restrictions to program eligibility could have a material adverse effect on our student population, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


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Our failure to comply with various state regulations or to maintain any national, regional or programmatic accreditation could result in actions taken by those states or accrediting agencies that would have a material adverse effect on our student enrollment, results of operations and cash flows.

Under the HEA, an institution must be authorized by each state in which it is located to participate in Title IV programs. The U.S. Department of Education historically has determined that an institution is licensed or otherwise authorized in order to be certified as eligible to participate in Title IV programs if the institution is licensed or otherwise certified in a state or, alternatively, if the institution's state does not require the institution to obtain licensure or authorization to operate in the state. The new state authorization regulations adopted by the U.S. Department of Education effective July 1, 2011 established specific new federal minimum requirements with respect to the sufficiency of a state's authorization of an educational institution for participation in Title IV programs. The U.S. Department of Education stated at the time it published the final regulation that it recognized that a state might be unable to provide appropriate state authorizations to its institutions by the July 1, 2011 effective date of the regulation and that institutions unable to obtain state authorization in that state may request a one-year extension of the effective date of the regulations to July 1, 2012 (and, if necessary, an additional one year extension of the effective date to July 1, 2013). As of March 31, 2013, we believe that all of our campuses were physically located in states that satisfied the U.S. Department of Education's final rules regarding state authorization except for our schools located in California (14 schools) and Hawaii (one school). In order to address any potential issues in California, our schools intend to apply for licenses with the California state licensing board. We anticipate that the State of Hawaii will adopt state licensing regulations which comply with the U.S. Department of Education's new regulations by June 30, 2013 and we will seek authorization in Hawaii by June 30, 2013. Recently, the U.S. Department of Education has unofficially taken positions about the application of the state authorization regulation that raise questions about whether the state licensing provisions adopted by the states of Texas, Georgia, Utah and other states comply with the new regulations. We are working with the state licensing agencies in each of these jurisdictions along with other industry groups and post-secondary institutions to obtain definitive guidance from the U.S. Department of Education by June 30, 2013 and, in the event that the U.S. Department of Education believes that these or other states are not in compliance with the new regulations, a delay in the effectiveness of the regulations beyond July 1, 2013. In the event that any states in which we have schools are found to not comply with the new state licensing regulations as of July 1, 2013, the affected schools could be deemed to have lacked state authorization and subject to sanctions, including loss of Title IV eligibility and a requirement to repay funds disbursed to students during the period in which the schools purportedly lacked state authorization. Additionally, students at our schools located in those states would be unable to access Title IV program funds, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The state authorization regulations adopted effective as of July 1, 2011 also provided that if an institution offers post-secondary education through distance education to students in a state in which the institution is not physically located, the institution must satisfy any requirements of that state for the institution to offer post-secondary distance education to students in that state. On July 12, 2011, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia struck down those portions of the regulations requiring proof of state approval for online education programs on procedural grounds, and that ruling was later upheld on appeal. A federal District Court overturned the U.S. Department of Education's regulation governing state authorizations of distance education programs in July 2011. However, the courts also ruled that the U.S. Department of Education may elect to re-introduce this rule, and on April 16, 2013 the U.S. Department of Education announced its intention to revisit the state licensing requirements for post-secondary distance education in a new negotiated rulemaking process which is expected to begin in the fall of 2013. No assurance can be given with respect to whether the U.S. Department of Education will adopt new rules addressing licensing requirements for distance education or, in the event that such regulations are adopted, our ability to comply with the new regulations.
Increased scrutiny of post-secondary education providers by Congress, state Attorneys General and various governmental agencies may lead to increased regulatory burdens and costs.
We and other proprietary post-secondary education providers have been subject to increased regulatory scrutiny and litigation in recent years. State Attorneys General, the U. S. Department of Education, members and committees of Congress and other parties have increasingly focused on allegations of improper recruiter compensation practices and deceptive marketing practices, among other issues. For example, on July 30, 2012, Senator Tom Harkin, Chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (the “HELP Committee”), and the majority staff of the HELP Committee issued a report, "For Profit Higher Education: The Failure to Safeguard the Federal Investment and Ensure Student Success." While stating that proprietary colleges and universities have an important role to play in higher education and should be well-equipped to meet the needs of non-traditional students who now constitute the majority of the post-secondary educational population, the majority staff report was highly critical of these institutions. The report contended that these institutions have a high cost of attendance, engage in aggressive and deceptive recruiting, have high drop-out rates, provide insufficient student support services, and are responsible for high levels of student debt and loan defaults, among other things. The report called for increased disclosure of information about student outcomes at proprietary colleges and universities, prohibiting institutions from using federal financial aid funding to market, advertise and recruit, amending the 90/10 Rule to prohibit these institutions

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from receiving more than 85% of their revenues from federal funds, prohibiting the use of mandatory binding arbitration clauses in enrollment agreements, and other measures ostensibly to protect students and taxpayers.
Additionally, a number of state Attorneys General have launched investigations into proprietary post-secondary education institutions, including some of our schools. We received subpoenas or requests for documents from the Attorneys General of Florida, Kentucky and New York in October 2010, December 2010 and August 2011, respectively, and the San Francisco, CA City Attorney in December 2011 in connection with investigations of our institutions and their business practices. We have nine schools located in Florida, three schools located in Kentucky and one school located in New York. In July 2011, the Attorney General of Kentucky announced a national bipartisan effort including 19 states to examine potential abuses by proprietary educational institutions. While the initial goal of the joint investigation is sharing information among the Attorneys General about potential violations of consumer protection laws, the Attorney General of Kentucky indicated that the Attorneys General may ultimately attempt to compel proprietary institutions located in their respective jurisdictions to revise their recruiting practices.
In September 2012, we received a subpoena from the State of Colorado Attorney General's office requesting documents and detailed information for the period of January 1, 2006 through the present. The subpoena is primarily focused on the programs offered by the College of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences at the Denver, Colorado campus of Argosy University. Argosy University also received in September 2012 demand letters from an attorney representing three former students in the Doctorate of Counseling Psychology program alleging that the students were unable to find internships necessary to complete the program in Denver, Colorado and that the campus claimed that the program would lead to licensure in Colorado, among other things. We intend to cooperate with the Attorney General's investigation. However, we cannot predict the eventual scope, duration or outcome of the investigation at this time.
On January 24, 2013, The New England Institute of Art received a civil investigative demand from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Attorney General requesting information for the period from January 1, 2010 to the present pursuant to an investigation of practices by the school in connection with marketing and advertising job placement and student outcomes, the recruitment of students and the financing of education. We previously responded to a similar request that The New England Institute of Art received in June 2007 and intend to cooperate with the Attorney General in connection with their investigations.
We cannot predict the extent to which, or whether, these hearings and investigations will result in legislation, further rulemaking affecting our participation in Title IV programs, or litigation alleging statutory violations, regulatory infractions or common law causes of action. The adoption of any law or regulation that reduces funding for federal student financial aid programs or the ability of our schools or students to participate in these programs could have a material adverse effect on our student population and revenue. Legislative action also may increase our administrative costs and require us to modify our practices in order for our schools to comply with applicable requirements. Additionally, actions by state Attorneys General and other governmental agencies could damage our reputation and limit our ability to recruit and enroll students, which could reduce student demand for our programs and adversely impact our revenue and cash flow from operations.
If we do not meet specific financial responsibility ratios and other compliance tests established by the U.S. Department of Education, our institutions may lose eligibility to participate in federal student financial aid programs, which may result in a reduction in our student enrollment and an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
To participate in federal student financial aid programs, an institution, among other things, must either satisfy certain quantitative standards of financial responsibility on an annual basis or post a letter of credit in favor of the U.S. Department of Education and possibly accept other conditions or limitations on its participation in the federal student financial aid programs. As of June 30, 2012, we did not meet the required quantitative measures of financial responsibility on a consolidated basis due to the amount of indebtedness we incurred and goodwill we recorded in connection with the Transaction. Accordingly, we are required by the U.S. Department of Education to post a letter of credit and are subject to provisional certification and additional financial and cash monitoring of our disbursements of Title IV funds. In December 2012, the U.S. Department of Education decreased the required letter of credit from $414.5 million, 15% of the Title IV program funds received by students at our institutions during fiscal 2011, to $348.6 million, or 15% of total Title IV aid received by students attending our institutions during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. We expect to be required to renew the letter of credit at the 15% level for as long as our schools remain provisionally certified, although the U.S. Department of Education could increase the percentage. See “Summary-Recent Developments-Reduction in Required Amount of Department of Education Letter of Credit.” Outstanding letters of credit reduce lending availability under our revolving credit facility, except to the extent that we obtain cash secured letters of credit, which we are permitted to do under our senior credit facility. In fiscal 2012, we obtained cash secured letters of credit from two lenders in the aggregate amount of $200.0 million in order to satisfy a portion of our letter of credit obligation to the U.S. Department of Education and obtained a letter of credit under our revolving credit facility for the remainder. The cash secured letter of credit facilities expire on July 8, 2014 or if earlier, the date the existing revolving credit facility is terminated. Based on the U.S. Department of Education's current requirement, we believe that we will need to renew or replace the cash secured letters of credit to satisfy our letter of credit obligation in the future, and if we cannot do so, it would impair our liquidity. However, in the future we may not have sufficient letter of credit capacity to satisfy the letter of credit

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requirement for the U.S. Department of Education, which would limit our growth and potentially subject us to operating restrictions. In addition, in order to ensure our schools meet financial responsibility tests at the institutional level, we often contribute money to our schools at the end of each of our fiscal years. We may have less liquidity to fund such contributions in future years. We do not believe any reduction in contributions to our schools will have a material adverse impact on us, but can provide no assurances.
We expect to continue to not satisfy the U.S. Department of Education's quantitative measure of financial responsibility for the foreseeable future. As a result, we expect each of our institutions to be required to continue on provisional certification for additional three-year periods. While provisional certification does not by itself limit an institution's access to Title IV program funds, it does subject our institutions to closer review by the U.S. Department of Education and possible summary adverse action if one of our institutions commits a material violation of Title IV program requirements. Additionally, the U.S. Department of Education has placed our institutions on heightened cash monitoring Level 1 due to the provisional certification and has included a requirement in some of our program participation agreements that we obtain their approval prior to offering new programs at our institutions. We anticipate that future renewals of our institutions' provisional certifications will result in continuation of the requirement that we maintain a letter of credit, provisional certification and financial and cash monitoring in future years. Any conditions or limitations on our participation in the federal student financial aid programs in addition to the letter of credit, provisional certification and additional financial and heightened cash monitoring could adversely affect our revenues and cash flows. There can be no assurance that the U.S. Department of Education will not require further restrictions as a condition of the renewal of our certification and that such additional restrictions will not materially and adversely impact our revenues and cash flows.
In the event of a bankruptcy filing by any of our schools, the schools filing for bankruptcy would not be eligible to receive Title IV program funds, notwithstanding the automatic stay provisions of federal bankruptcy law, which would make any reorganization difficult to implement. In addition, our other schools may be held to be jointly responsible for financial aid defaults experienced at the bankrupt schools. In the event of a bankruptcy filing by us, all of our schools could lose their eligibility to receive Title IV program funds, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our substantial leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and expose us to interest rate risk to the extent of our variable rate debt.
The following chart shows our level of consolidated indebtedness at March 31, 2013 (in millions):
Senior secured term loan facility, due in June 2016
$
738.5

Senior secured term loan facility, due in March 2018, net of discount
343.2

Senior cash pay/PIK notes due July 2018, net of discount
203.8

Senior notes due in June 2014
9.7

Other
0.2

Total long-term debt
$
1,295.4

Our high degree of leverage could have important consequences, including:
making it more difficult for us to make payments on our indebtedness;
increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions;
requiring a substantial portion of cash flows from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to use our cash flows to fund our operations, capital expenditures, payment of any settlements or judgments in connection with our litigation and future business opportunities;
increasing the likelihood of our not satisfying, on a consolidated basis, the U.S. Department of Education's annual financial responsibility requirements and subjecting us to letter of credit and provisional certification requirements for the foreseeable future;
exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings, including borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities, will bear interest at variable rates;
restricting us from making strategic acquisitions or causing us to make non-strategic divestitures;
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, program development, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes; and

54


limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors who are less highly leveraged.
In addition, we and our subsidiaries may incur additional indebtedness in the future, subject to the restrictions contained in our senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. If new indebtedness is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could intensify.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our debt obligations and may be forced to take other actions in an effort to satisfy our obligations under such indebtedness, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on our indebtedness, or to refinance our obligations under our debt agreements on acceptable terms, if at all, will depend on our financial and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to the financial and business risk factors described in this 10-Q and in our Fiscal 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K, many of which are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay the opening of new schools, acquisitions or capital expenditures, sell assets, seek to obtain additional equity capital or restructure our indebtedness.
We also cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, including our term loan due 2016, or obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, particularly because of our high levels of debt and the debt incurrence restrictions imposed by the agreements governing our debt and, in any event, to the extent that we do refinance any portion of our debt, that refinanced debt is likely to be subject to higher interest rates and fees than our existing debt. On March 5, 2013, we completed a private exchange offer (the "Exchange Offer") in which we offered to exchange our 8.75% Senior Notes due June 1, 2014 ("Old Notes") for (i) new Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes due July 1, 2018 ("New Notes") and (ii) cash. In connection with the Exchange Offer, we issued $203.0 million of New Notes and paid down $162.3 million of Old Notes with cash on hand. The remaining Old Notes of $9.7 million not tendered in the Exchange Offer were extinguished in April 2013 at par.
In addition, our ability to issue equity to raise additional funds may be severely constrained because of regulations of our accrediting agencies and the U.S. Department of Education relating to whether one of our institutions experiences a change of ownership or control. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Highly Regulated Industry - If regulators do not approve transactions involving a change of control or change in our corporate structure, we may lose our ability to participate in federal student financial aid programs, which would result in declines in our student enrollment, and thereby adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows” in our Fiscal 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our debt agreements contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business, and our risk of failing to satisfy one or more of the financial covenants under our debt agreements is greater in light of recent changes to those covenants and our recent and projected results of operations.
Our senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing our New Notes contain various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit certain of our subsidiaries' ability to, among other things:
incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares;
pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of capital stock or make other restricted payments;
make certain investments, including capital expenditures;
sell certain assets;
create liens;
consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and
enter into certain transactions with affiliates.
In addition, under its senior secured credit facilities, our subsidiary, Education Management LLC, is required to satisfy a maximum total leverage ratio, a minimum interest coverage ratio and other financial conditions tests. As of March 31, 2013, it was in compliance with the financial and non-financial covenants. However, its continued ability to meet those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that it will meet those ratios and tests in the future. Furthermore, on September 30, 2012, the Consolidated Total Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio decreased from 4.00x to 3.50x and the minimum interest coverage ratio increased from 2.50:1 to 2.75:1, which makes it more difficult for us to comply with these covenants in the future.

55


A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the senior secured credit agreement. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under the senior secured credit agreement, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under the senior secured credit agreement immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. Certain of our subsidiaries have pledged a significant portion of our assets as collateral under the senior secured credit agreement. If the lenders accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient assets to repay our indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities, as well as our unsecured indebtedness.
Failure to obtain additional capital in the future could adversely affect our business.
We may need additional debt or equity financing in order to finance our continued operations. The amount and timing of such additional financing will vary principally depending on the timing and size of acquisitions and new school openings, the willingness of sellers to provide financing for future acquisitions and the amount of cash flows from our operations. In December 2012, the U.S. Department of Education decreased the required letter of credit from $414.5 million, or 15% of the Title IV program funds received by students at our schools during fiscal 2011, to $348.6 million, or 15% of total Title IV aid received by students attending our institutions during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. Subsequent to the U.S. Department of Education's notification, we reduced the letter of credit to $388.1 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 and then to $348.6 million in January 2013. See “Summary-Recent Developments-Reduction in Required Amount of Department of Education Letter of Credit.” Outstanding letters of credit reduce the availability under our revolving credit facility. In the future, we may not have sufficient letter of credit capacity to satisfy the letter of credit requirement for the U.S. Department of Education, which would limit our growth and potentially subject us to operating restrictions. Further, to the extent that we require additional financing in the future and are unable to obtain such additional financing, we may not be able to grow our business.
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our results of operations which may result in similar fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock.
Historically, our quarterly revenues and income have fluctuated primarily as a result of the pattern of student enrollments at our schools. The number of students enrolled at our schools typically is greatest in the second quarter of our fiscal year, when the largest number of recent high school and college graduates typically begin post-secondary education programs. Student vacations generally cause our student enrollments to be at their lowest during our first fiscal quarter. Because a significant portion of our expenses do not vary proportionately with the fluctuations in our revenue, our results in a particular fiscal quarter may not indicate accurately the results we will achieve in a subsequent quarter or for the full fiscal year. These fluctuations in our operating results may result in corresponding volatility in the market price for our common stock. Our liquidity needs also fluctuate during the year, with our fourth fiscal quarter being our lowest point. Additionally, we have less liquidity following the use of $172.0 million of cash in connection with the (i) exchange of our Senior Notes due 2014 and the (ii) repayment of the non-exchanged Senior Notes in March 2013 and April 2013, respectively, which furthered tightened our liquidity for future periods.
The personal information that we collect and store may be vulnerable to breach, theft or loss that could adversely affect our reputation and operations.

Possession and use of personal information in our operations subjects us to risks and costs that could harm our business. Our schools collect, use and retain large amounts of personal information regarding our students and their families, including social security numbers, tax return information, personal and family financial data and credit card numbers. We also collect and maintain personal information of our employees in the ordinary course of our business. Our computer networks and the networks of certain of our vendors that hold and manage confidential information on our behalf may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, cyber computer hackers, computer viruses and other security threats. Confidential information also may become available to third parties inadvertently when we integrate or convert computer networks into our network following an acquisition of a school or in connection with upgrades from time to time.

Due to the sensitive nature of the information contained on our networks, such as students' grades, our networks may be targeted by hackers. A user who circumvents security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations. Although we use security and business controls to limit access and use of personal information, a third party may be able to circumvent those security and business controls, which could result in a breach of student or employee privacy. In addition, errors in the storage, use or transmission of personal information could result in a breach of student or employee privacy. Possession and use of personal information in our operations also subjects us to legislative and regulatory burdens that could require notification of data breaches and restrict our use of personal information. As a result, we may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of these security breaches or cyber-security attacks or to alleviate problems caused by these breaches. A major breach, theft or loss of personal information regarding our students and their families or our employees

56


that is held by us or our vendors could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and results of operations and result in further regulation and oversight by federal and state authorities and increased costs of compliance.

Government laws and regulations are evolving and unfavorable changes could harm our business.

We are subject to general business regulations and laws, as well as regulations and laws specifically governing the post-secondary industry. Existing and future laws and regulations may impede our growth. These regulations and laws may cover consumer protection, taxation, privacy, data protection, pricing, content, copyrights, distribution, mobile communications, electronic device certification, electronic waste, electronic contracts and other communications and internet services. Legislation and regulation in the United States as well as international laws and regulations could result in compliance costs which may reduce our revenue and income, as well as governmental action should our compliance measures not be deemed satisfactory.

ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None

ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None

ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.

ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
None.



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ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS INDEX
Number
Document
10.1 *
Amendment No. 1, dated as of January 29, 2013, to the Letter of Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of
November 30, 2011, among Education Management LLC, Education Management Holdings LLC,
Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and Issuing Bank, and other parties.
10.2*
Amendment No. 1, dated as of February 15, 2013, to the Letter of Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of
March 9, 2012, among Education Management LLC, Education Management Holdings LLC, BNP
Paribas, as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and Issuing Bank, and other parties thereto.
10.3
Indenture, dated as of March 5, 2013, among Education Management LLC, Education Management
Finance Corp., the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as
trustee, governing the Senior Cash Pay/PIK Notes due 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Current Report on Form 8-K of Education Management Corporation filed on March 8, 2013).
10.4
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2013, among the Education Management LLC,
Education Management Finance Corp., the guarantors named therein and the dealer managers named
therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Education
Management Corporation filed on March 8, 2013).
31.1*    
Certification of Edward H. West required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*    
Certification of Mick J. Beekhuizen required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1*    
Certification of Edward H. West required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*    
Certification of Mick J. Beekhuizen required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
101.INS      
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH    
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL    
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF    
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB    
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE    
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
_______________
*Filed herewith.



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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 
 
EDUCATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    MICK J. BEEKHUIZEN
 
 
Mick J. Beekhuizen
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: May 10, 2013


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