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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note  1.

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

(a)

Company Background

Scott’s Liquid Gold-Inc. (a Colorado corporation) was incorporated on February 15, 1954. Scott’s Liquid Gold-Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) develop, manufacture, market and sell quality household and skin and hair care products. We are also a distributor in the United States of Montagne Jeunesse skin sachets and Batiste Dry Shampoo manufactured by two other companies. Our business is comprised of two segments, household products and skin and hair care products.

(b)

Principles of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

(c)

Basis of Presentation

The Consolidated Statements of Income, Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in this Report have been prepared by the Company. In our opinion, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position at March 31, 2017 and results of operations and cash flows for all periods have been made.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The results of operations for the period ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

(d)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in our financial statements of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, the realization of deferred tax assets, reserves for slow moving and obsolete inventory, customer returns and allowances, stock-based compensation, and purchase price allocation. Actual results could differ from our estimates.

(e)

Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents.

(f)

Sale of Accounts Receivable

On March 16, 2011, we entered into a financing agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”) for the purpose of lowering the cost of borrowing associated with the financing of our accounts receivable. Pursuant to this agreement, we were able to sell accounts receivable from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (“Wal-Mart”) at a discount to Wells Fargo. On January 29, 2016 we terminated our agreement with Wells Fargo due to Wal-Mart changing its accounts payable policy.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, we sold approximately $0 and $306,800, respectively, of our relevant accounts receivable to Wells Fargo for approximately $0 and $305,200, respectively. The difference between the invoiced amount of the receivable and the cash that we received from Wells Fargo is a cost to us. This cost is in lieu of any cash discount our customer would have been allowed and, thus, is treated in a manner consistent with standard trade discounts granted to our customers.

The reporting of the sale of accounts receivable to Wells Fargo is treated as a sale rather than as a secured borrowing. As a result, affected accounts receivable are relieved from the Company’s financial statements upon receipt of the cash proceeds.

(g)

Inventories Valuation and Reserves

Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. We record a reserve for slow moving and obsolete products and raw materials. We estimate this reserve based upon historical and anticipated sales.

Inventories were comprised of the following at:

 

 

March 31, 2017

 

  

December 31, 2016

 

Finished goods

$

3,574,600

 

 

$

2,668,700

 

Raw materials

 

1,929,500

 

 

 

3,035,000

 

Inventory reserve for obsolescence

 

(43,000

)

 

 

(62,400

)

 

$

5,461,100

 

 

$

5,641,300

 

 

(h)

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at historical cost. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from three to 20 years. Production equipment and production support equipment are estimated to have useful lives of 15 to 20 years and three to 10 years, respectively. Office furniture and office machines are estimated to have useful lives of 10 to 20 years and three to five years, respectively. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Improvements that extend the useful lives of the asset or provide improved efficiency are capitalized.

(i)

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of customer relationships, trade names, formulas and batching processes and a non-compete agreement.  The fair value of the intangible assets is amortized over their estimated useful lives and range from a period of five to 15 years and are reviewed for impairment when changes in market circumstances occur and written down to fair value if impaired.

(j)

Goodwill

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in the Acquisition discussed in Notes 4 and 5.  Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized but are subject to annual impairment tests, and in certain circumstances these assets are written down to fair value if impaired.

(k)

Financial Instruments

Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk include cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We maintain our cash balances in the form of bank demand deposits with financial institutions that we believe are creditworthy. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we have maintained balances in various operating accounts in excess of federally insured limits. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. We have no significant financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk of accounting loss, such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign currency hedging arrangements.

The recorded amounts for cash and cash equivalents, receivables, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. At March 31, 2017, we had long-term debt of $1,800,000 and no outstanding balance on our line-of-credit. At December 31, 2016 we had long-term debt of $2,000,000 and a $750,000 outstanding balance on our line-of-credit.

 


(l)

Income Taxes

Income taxes reflect the tax effects of transactions reported in the financial statements and consist of taxes currently payable plus deferred income taxes related to certain income and expenses recognized in different periods for financial and income tax reporting purposes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future income tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become deductible. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Taxes are reported based on tax positions that meet a more-likely-than-not standard and that are measured at the amount that is more-likely-than-not to be realized. Differences between financial and tax reporting which do not meet this threshold are required to be recorded as unrecognized tax benefits or expense. We classify penalty and interest expense related to income tax liabilities as an income tax expense. There are no significant interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated statements of income or accrued on the consolidated balance sheets.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was 39.9% and 42.2% respectively, which differs from the statutory income tax rate due to permanent book to tax differences.

(m)

Revenue Recognition

Our revenue recognition policy is significant because the amount and timing of revenue is a key component of our results of operations. Certain criteria are required to be met in order to recognize revenue. If these criteria are not met, then the associated revenue is deferred until it is met. In our case, the criteria generally are met when: (i) we have an arrangement to sell a product; (ii) we have delivered the product in accordance with that arrangement; (iii) the sales price of the product is determinable; and (iv) we believe that we will be paid for the sale.

We establish reserves for customer returns of our products and customer allowances. We estimate these reserves based upon, among other things, an assessment of historical trends, information from customers and anticipated returns related to current sales activity. These reserves are established in the period of sale and reduce our revenue in that period.

Our reserve for customer allowances includes primarily reserves for trade promotions to support price features, displays, slotting fees and other merchandising of our products to our customers. The actual level of returns and customer allowances is influenced by several factors, including the promotional efforts of our customers, changes in mix of our customers, changes in the mix of the products we sell and the maturity of the product. We may change our estimates based on actual results and consideration of other factors that cause returns and allowances. In the event that actual results differ from our estimates, the results of future periods may be impacted.

We also establish reserves for coupons, rebates and certain other promotional programs for consumers. We estimate these reserves based upon, among other things, an assessment of historical trends and current sales activity. These reserves are recorded as a reduction of revenue at the later of the date at which the revenue is recognized or the date at which the sale incentive is offered.

We have also established an allowance for doubtful accounts. We estimate this allowance based upon, among other things, an assessment of the credit risk of specific customers and historical trends. We believe our allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate to absorb any losses which may arise. In the event that actual losses differ from our estimates, the results of future periods may be impacted.

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 approximately $972,800 and $1,184,700, respectively, had been reserved as a reduction of accounts receivable. Trade promotions to our customers and incentives such as coupons to our consumers are deducted from gross sales and totaled $619,700 and $451,600 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(n)

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

(o)

Stock-based Compensation

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we did not grant any stock options. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we granted options to acquire 3,000 shares of our common stock to one of our production personnel at a price of $1.20 per share, which vest ratably over 48 months, or upon a change in control under certain circumstances, and which expire after 10 years.

The weighted average fair market value of the options granted in the first three months of 2016 was estimated on the date of grant, using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

  

March 31, 2016

Expected life of options (using the “simplified” method)

10 years

Average risk-free interest rate

1.5%

Average expected volatility of stock

134%

Expected dividend rate

None

Fair value of options granted

$3,488

 

Compensation cost related to stock options recognized in operating results (included in general and administrative expenses) was $63,400 and $64,500 in the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Approximately $566,400 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested stock options is expected to be recognized over the next 12 – 60 months, depending on the vesting provisions of the options. There was no tax benefit from recording the non-cash expense as it relates to the options granted to employees, as these were qualified stock options which are not normally tax deductible.

(p)

Operating Costs and Expenses Classification

Cost of sales includes costs associated with manufacturing and distribution including labor, materials, freight-in, purchasing and receiving, quality control, internal transfer costs, repairs, maintenance and other indirect costs, as well as warehousing and distribution costs. We classify shipping and handling costs comprised primarily of freight-out as selling expenses. Other selling expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits for sales and sales support personnel, travel, brokerage commissions and promotional costs, as well as certain other indirect costs. Shipping and handling costs totaled $631,600 and $346,800 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits associated with management and administrative support departments, business insurance costs, professional fees, office facility related expenses, and other general support costs.

(q)

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We anticipate that most of our operating leases will result in recognition of additional assets and the corresponding liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We have not determined the amount of these transactions or the final impact to our earnings as the actual impact will depend on the Company’s lease portfolio at the time of adoption.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 amends the guidance for revenue recognition to replace numerous industry-specific requirements and converges areas under this topic with those of the International Financial Reporting Standards. The ASU implements a five-step process for customer contract revenue recognition that focuses on transfer of control, as opposed to transfer of risk and rewards. The amendment also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows from contracts and customers. Other major provisions include the capitalization and amortization of certain contract costs, ensuring the time value of money is considered in the transaction price, and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. The amendments in this ASU are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is prohibited. Entities can transition to the standard either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of the adoption. The guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements and we are currently assessing the need for expanded financial disclosures, if any.

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments —Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”).  Among other things, these amendments require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Effective for SEC filers for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019 (i.e., January 1, 2020, for calendar year entities). The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”), which provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. Application of the standard, which should be applied prospectively, is required for the annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”), which provides a more defined framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. ASU 2017-01 also provides greater consistency in applying the guidance, making the definition of a business more operable. ASU 2017-01 is effective for public companies for annual periods, including interim periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (“ASU 2017-04”). This ASU simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment by elimination of the Step 2 requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill. Instead, if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge will be recorded based on that difference. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The ASU will be applied prospectively and is effective for impairment tests performed after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

(r)

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” (“ASU 2015-11”), which is intended to simplify the subsequent measurement of inventories by replacing the current lower of cost or market test with a lower of cost and net realizable value test. The guidance applies only to inventories for which cost is determined by methods other than last-in first-out and the retail inventory method. Application of the standard, which should be applied prospectively, is required for the annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.