NOTE 10. - INCOME TAXES

The Company utilizes the guidance issued by the FASB for accounting for income taxes which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.

Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Components of the net deferred tax asset (liability) at September 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

		2015		2014
Deferred tax assets:
Reserve for other receivables	$	-		$	233,014
Accrued compensation		1,513,021			1,313,354
Stock compensation		6,571,774			3,011,369
Capitalized research and development		-			13,536,745
Fair value adjustments		2,850,125			1,864,364
Net operating losses		88,965,968			42,268,526
Intangible Assets		5,551,705			-
Total deferred tax assets		105,452,593			62,227,372
Valuation allowance		(95,085,045	)		(55,224,802	)
Deferred tax liabilities:
State taxes		(10,282,834	)		(6,277,587	)
Equity investments		-			(7,675	)
Intangible assets		-			(475,829	)
Fixed assets		(84,714	)		(241,479	)
Total deferred tax liability		(10,367,548	)		(7,002,570	)
Net deferred tax assets	$	—		$	—

The Company’s book losses and other timing differences result in a net deferred income tax benefit which is offset by a valuation allowance for a net deferred asset of zero. The Company has concluded, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards, that it is more likely than not that the Company may not realize the benefit of all of its deferred tax assets. Accordingly, management has provided a 100% valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets until such time as management believes that its projections of future profits as well as expected future tax rates make the realization of these deferred tax assets more-likely-than-not. Significant judgment is required in the evaluation of deferred tax benefits and differences in future results from our estimates could result in material differences in the realization of these assets. As of September 30, 2015 and 2014, federal deferred tax assets were $105.5 million and $62.2 million, respectively. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance related to all of its deferred tax assets. The Company has performed an assessment of positive and negative evidence regarding the realization of the net deferred tax asset in accordance with FASB ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” This assessment included the evaluation of scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, the availability of carry forwards and estimates of projected future taxable income.

As of September 30, 2014, the Company had available gross federal net operating loss (NOL) carry forwards of $115.8 million and gross state NOL carry forwards of $170.8 million which expire at various dates through 2034. Gross federal NOL carry forwards for 2015 are estimated at $70.5 million, and gross state NOL carry forwards for 2015 are estimated at $124.1 million.

The provision for income taxes for the years ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

	2015		2014
Federal:
Current		—		—
Deferred		—		—
Total Federal		—		—
State:
Current	$	2,400		5,300
Deferred		—		—
Total State	$	2,400		5,300
Provision from income taxes	$	2,400		5,300

The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the statutory federal income tax rate as follows for the years ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:

	2015		2014
At U.S. federal statutory rate	34.0	%		34.0	%
State taxes, net of federal effect	9.3			7.6
Stock compensation	(0.7	)		(0.1	)
Mark-to-market adjustments	0.7			(3.5
Write-off of net operating losses	0.0			(32.7	)
Valuation allowance	(43.4	)		(5.2	)
Other	0.1			(0.1	)
Effective income tax rate	0.0	%		0.0	%

The Company has adopted guidance issued by the FASB that clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not and a measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In making this assessment, a company must determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based solely on the technical merits of the position and must assume that the tax position will be examined by taxing authorities. The Company’s policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company has not recognized any unrecognized tax benefits and does not have any interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2015 and 2014.

The Company files income tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the state of California and certain other taxing jurisdictions. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by the IRS and by state tax authorities until the net operating losses are settled.