License Agreements	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
License Agreements
License Agreements	Note 8. License Agreements Novartis In November 2009, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Novartis. Under the terms of the agreement, Novartis received exclusive development and commercialization rights outside of the United States to our JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib and certain back-up compounds for hematologic and oncology indications, including all hematological malignancies, solid tumors and myeloproliferative diseases. We retained exclusive development and commercialization rights to JAKAFI (ruxolitinib) in the United States and in certain other indications. Novartis also received worldwide exclusive development and commercialization rights to our MET inhibitor compound capmatinib and certain back-up compounds in all indications. Under this agreement, we were initially eligible to receive up to $174.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, up to $495.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and up to $500.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. In addition, we were initially eligible to receive up to $75.0 million of additional potential development and regulatory milestones relating to graft-versus-host-disease (“GVHD”). Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have recognized and received, in the aggregate, $157.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, $345.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones, and $200.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. We also are eligible to receive tiered, double-digit royalties ranging from the upper-teens to the mid-twenties on future JAKAVI net sales outside of the United States, and tiered, worldwide royalties on TABRECTA net sales that range from 12% to 14%. We are obligated to pay to Novartis tiered royalties in the low single-digits on future JAKAFI net sales within the United States contingent on certain conditions. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, such royalties on net sales within the United States totaled $36.3 million and $93.9 million, respectively, and were reflected in cost of product revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, such royalties on net sales within the United States totaled $31.1 million and $88.0 million, respectively, and were reflected in cost of product revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximately $469.5 million and $375.6 million, respectively, of accrued royalties were included in accrued and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, payment of which is dependent on the outcome of a contract dispute with Novartis. Each company is responsible for costs relating to the development and commercialization of ruxolitinib in its respective territories, with costs of collaborative studies shared equally. Novartis is also responsible for all costs relating to the development and commercialization of capmatinib. We had no milestone and contract revenue under the Novartis agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Milestone and contract revenue under the Novartis agreement was $5.0 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of JAKAVI outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $115.7 million and $304.7 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of JAKAVI outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $96.6 million and $263.7 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of TABRECTA worldwide for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $5.9 million and $16.5 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of TABRECTA worldwide for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $4.1 million and $13.1 million, respectively. Lilly – Baricitinib In December 2009, we entered into a License, Development and Commercialization Agreement with Lilly. Under the terms of the agreement, Lilly received exclusive worldwide development and commercialization rights to our JAK inhibitor baricitinib, and certain back-up compounds for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Under this agreement, we were initially eligible to receive up to $150.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, up to $365.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and up to $150.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have recognized and received, in aggregate, $149.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, $335.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and $50.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. We are also eligible to receive tiered, double-digit royalties on future global sales with rates ranging up to the mid-twenties if a product is successfully commercialized. Product royalty revenue related to Lilly net sales of OLUMIANT outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $34.8 million and $97.1 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Lilly net sales of OLUMIANT outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $29.6 million and $95.8 million, respectively. Agenus In January 2015, we entered into a License, Development and Commercialization Agreement with Agenus Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, 4-Antibody AG (now known as Agenus Switzerland Inc.), which we collectively refer to as Agenus. Under this agreement, which was amended in February 2017, the parties have agreed to collaborate on the discovery of novel immuno-therapeutics using Agenus’ antibody discovery platforms. Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have paid Agenus milestones totaling $30.0 million, and Agenus is eligible to receive up to an additional $500.0 million in future contingent development, regulatory and commercialization milestones across all programs in the collaboration. As of September 30, 2024, we held an investment of approximately 0.6 million shares of Agenus Inc. common stock. The fair market value of our equity investment in Agenus Inc. at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $3.3 million and $10.0 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an unrealized loss of $6.8 million and $6.7 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Agenus Inc.’s common stock during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $5.6 million and $15.3 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Agenus Inc.’s common stock during the respective periods. Merus In December 2016, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Merus N.V. (“Merus”). Under this agreement, the parties have agreed to collaborate with respect to the research, discovery and development of bispecific antibodies utilizing Merus’ technology platform. The collaboration encompasses up to ten independent programs. Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have paid and expensed Merus milestones totaling $10.0 million. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we sold approximately 3.0 million of Merus’ common shares for proceeds of $160.6 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we sold our remaining approximately 1.0 million of Merus’ common shares for proceeds of $55.5 million. As of September 30, 2024, we had no remaining investment of Merus’ common shares. The fair market value of our equity investment in Merus at December 31, 2023 was $110.1 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded realized and unrealized losses of $4.1 million and realized and unrealized gains of $106.1 million, respectively, based on the sale of shares and change in fair value of remaining Merus’ common shares during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $9.1 million and an unrealized gain of $29.5 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Merus’ common shares during the respective periods. MacroGenics In October 2017, we entered into a Global Collaboration and License Agreement with MacroGenics, Inc. (“MacroGenics”). Under this agreement, we received exclusive development and commercialization rights worldwide to MacroGenics’ INCMGA0012 (formerly MGA012), an investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits PD-1. Except as set forth in the succeeding sentence, we have sole authority over and bear all costs and expenses in connection with the development and commercialization of INCMGA0012 in all indications, whether as a monotherapy or as part of a combination regimen. MacroGenics has retained the right to develop and commercialize, at its cost and expense, its pipeline assets in combination with INCMGA0012. In addition, MacroGenics has the right to manufacture a portion of both companies’ global clinical and commercial supply needs of INCMGA0012. In March 2023, we made a $15.0 million regulatory milestone payment to MacroGenics for the FDA approval of ZYNYZ for the treatment of adults with Merkel cell carcinoma. This milestone payment was capitalized as an intangible asset and included in Other intangible assets, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024, and is being amortized through cost of product revenues over the estimated useful life of 13.5 years. On July 24, 2024, the parties amended the agreement, and Incyte agreed to pay MacroGenics $100.0 million in exchange for MacroGenics’ agreement that all milestones for squamous cell anal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer have been deemed either achieved or inapplicable and certain future milestones for non-small cell lung cancer were waived. This $100.0 million milestone payment was recorded as research and development expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Since the inception of the agreement, inclusive of the July 2022 and July 2024 amendments to the agreement, through September 30, 2024, we have paid MacroGenics developmental and regulatory milestones totaling $215.0 million. After these amendments and subsequent payments, MacroGenics will be eligible to receive up to an additional $210.0 million in future contingent development and regulatory milestones, and up to $330.0 million in sales milestones as well as tiered royalties ranging from 15% to 24% of global net sales. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 also included $15.5 million and $40.8 million, respectively, of development costs incurred pursuant to the MacroGenics agreement. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 also included $12.9 million and $42.8 million, respectively, of development costs incurred pursuant to the MacroGenics agreement. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, a total of $0.9 million and $0.3 million of such costs were included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. MorphoSys As described in Note 6, on February 5, 2024, we entered into a purchase agreement with MorphoSys that became effective as of that date, as a result of which we now hold exclusive global rights for tafasitamab, a humanized Fc-modified CD19-targeting immunotherapy marketed in the United States as MONJUVI (tafasitamab-cxix) and outside of the United States as MINJUVI (tafasitamab). Prior to the acquisition, pursuant to a now-terminated collaboration and license agreement, we and MorphoSys agreed to co-develop tafasitamab and to share development costs associated with global and U.S.-specific clinical trials, with Incyte responsible for 55% of such costs and MorphoSys responsible for 45% of such costs. Each company was responsible for funding any independent development activities, and we were responsible for funding development activities specific to territories outside of the United States. During May 2024, as part of the Novartis tender offer for MorphoSys AG’s outstanding shares, we sold all of our 3.6 million American Depository Shares, each representing 0.25 of an ordinary share of MorphoSys AG, for proceeds of $66.6 million. The fair market value of our equity investment in MorphoSys AG as of December 31, 2023 was $35.9 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a realized gain of $30.7 million, based on the sale of shares and change in fair value of MorphoSys AG’s ordinary shares during the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $2.7 million and an unrealized gain of $11.4 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of MorphoSys AG’s ordinary shares during the respective periods. Our 50% share of the United States loss or profit for the commercialization of tafasitamab for the period from January 1, 2024 to the asset acquisition on February 5, 2024, was a profit of $1.0 million, and is recorded as (Profit) and loss sharing under collaboration agreements on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. As described in Note 6, subsequent to the asset acquisition, we recognize revenue and costs for all commercialization and clinical development of tafasitamab in the United States. Our 50% share of the United States profit or loss for the commercialization of tafasitamab for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was a profit of $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and is recorded as (profit) and loss sharing under collaboration agreements on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Research and development expenses for the period from January 1, 2024 to the asset acquisition on February 5, 2024, includes $10.7 million, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for tafasitamab. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $13.0 million and $58.5 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for tafasitamab. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $0.0 million and $18.8 million, respectively, was included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for amounts due to MorphoSys under the former agreement. Syndax In September 2021, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Syndax”), covering the worldwide development and commercialization of SNDX-6352 (“axatilimab”). We and Syndax have agreed to co-develop axatilimab and to share development costs associated with global and U.S.-specific clinical trials, with Incyte responsible for 55% of such costs and Syndax responsible for 45% of such costs. Each company is responsible for funding any independent development activities. In August 2024, we made a $12.5 million regulatory milestone payment to Syndax for the FDA approval of NIKTIMVO for the treatment of GVHD. This milestone payment was capitalized as an intangible asset and included in other intangible assets, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024, and is being amortized through cost of product revenues over the estimated useful life of 10 years. Inclusive of an upfront, non-refundable payment, since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have made payments of $129.5 million to Syndax, which were previously recorded in research and development expense or in other intangible assets, as discussed above. Syndax is eligible to receive up to $207.5 million in future contingent development and regulatory milestones and up to $230.0 million in sales milestones as well as tiered royalties ranging in the mid-teens on net sales in Europe and Japan and low double digit percentage on net sales in the rest of the world outside of the United States. As of September 30, 2024, we held an investment of approximately 1.4 million shares of Syndax common stock. The fair market value of our long term investment in Syndax as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $27.4 million and $30.7 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an unrealized loss of $1.9 million and $3.4 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Syndax’s common stock during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $9.2 million and $15.6 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Syndax’s common stock during the respective periods. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, includes $5.8 million and $17.6 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for axatilimab. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $5.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for axatilimab. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $1.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively, was included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet for amounts due to Syndax under the agreement. China Medical Systems Holdings Limited In March 2024, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with China Medical System Skinhealth, a wholly-owned dermatology medical aesthetic company and subsidiary of China Medical System Holdings Limited (“CMSHL”), for the development and commercialization of povorcitinib, a selective oral JAK1 inhibitor, in certain indications in certain Asian territories. In March 2024, we recognized an upfront payment under this agreement of $25.0 million upon our transfer of the functional intellectual property related to povorcitinib to CMSHL which was recorded in milestone and contract revenues on the condensed consolidated statement of operations during the first quarter of 2024. We are eligible to receive additional potential development and commercial milestones, as well as royalties on net sales of the licensed product in CMSHL’s territory. CMSHL received an exclusive license to develop and commercialize and a non-exclusive license to manufacture povorcitinib in autoimmune and inflammatory dermatologic diseases, including non-segmental vitiligo, hidradenitis suppurativa, prurigo nodularis, asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria, for patients in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and certain countries in Southeast Asia. Other Agreements In addition to the license and collaboration agreements discussed above, we have various other license and collaboration agreements that are not individually material to our operating results or financial condition at this time. Pursuant to the terms of those agreements, we may be required to pay, or we may receive, additional amounts contingent upon the occurrence of various future events such as future discovery, development, regulatory or commercial milestones, which in the aggregate could be material. In addition, if any products related to these collaborations are approved for sale, we may be required to pay, or we may receive, royalties on future sales. The payment or receipt of these amounts, however, is contingent upon the occurrence of various future events, the likelihood of which cannot presently be determined.

In November 2009, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Novartis. Under the terms of the agreement, Novartis received exclusive development and commercialization rights outside of the United States to our JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib and certain back-up compounds for hematologic and oncology indications, including all hematological malignancies, solid tumors and myeloproliferative diseases. We retained exclusive development and commercialization rights to JAKAFI (ruxolitinib) in the United States and in certain other indications. Novartis also received worldwide exclusive development and commercialization rights to our MET inhibitor compound capmatinib and certain back-up compounds in all indications.

Under this agreement, we were initially eligible to receive up to $174.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, up to $495.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and up to $500.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. In addition, we were initially eligible to receive up to $75.0 million of additional potential development and regulatory milestones relating to graft-versus-host-disease (“GVHD”). Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have recognized and received, in the aggregate, $157.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, $345.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones, and $200.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones.

We also are eligible to receive tiered, double-digit royalties ranging from the upper-teens to the mid-twenties on future JAKAVI net sales outside of the United States, and tiered, worldwide royalties on TABRECTA net sales that range from 12% to 14%. We are obligated to pay to Novartis tiered royalties in the low single-digits on future JAKAFI net sales within the United States contingent on certain conditions. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, such royalties on net sales within the United States totaled $36.3 million and $93.9 million, respectively, and were reflected in cost of product revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, such royalties on net sales within the United States totaled $31.1 million and $88.0 million, respectively, and were reflected in cost of product revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximately $469.5 million and $375.6 million, respectively, of accrued royalties were included in accrued and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, payment of which is dependent on the outcome of a contract dispute with Novartis. Each company is responsible for costs relating to the development and commercialization of ruxolitinib in its respective territories, with costs of collaborative studies shared equally. Novartis is also responsible for all costs relating to the development and commercialization of capmatinib.

We had no milestone and contract revenue under the Novartis agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Milestone and contract revenue under the Novartis agreement was $5.0 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of JAKAVI outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $115.7 million and $304.7 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of JAKAVI outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $96.6 million and $263.7 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of TABRECTA worldwide for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $5.9 million and $16.5 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Novartis net sales of TABRECTA worldwide for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $4.1 million and $13.1 million, respectively.

In December 2009, we entered into a License, Development and Commercialization Agreement with Lilly. Under the terms of the agreement, Lilly received exclusive worldwide development and commercialization rights to our JAK inhibitor baricitinib, and certain back-up compounds for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Under this agreement, we were initially eligible to receive up to $150.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, up to $365.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and up to $150.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. Since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have recognized and received, in aggregate, $149.0 million for the achievement of development milestones, $335.0 million for the achievement of regulatory milestones and $50.0 million for the achievement of sales milestones. We are also eligible to receive tiered, double-digit royalties on future global sales with rates ranging up to the mid-twenties if a product is successfully commercialized.

Product royalty revenue related to Lilly net sales of OLUMIANT outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $34.8 million and $97.1 million, respectively. Product royalty revenue related to Lilly net sales of OLUMIANT outside of the United States for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $29.6 million and $95.8 million, respectively.

In January 2015, we entered into a License, Development and Commercialization Agreement with Agenus Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, 4-Antibody AG (now known as Agenus Switzerland Inc.), which we collectively refer to as Agenus. Under this agreement, which was amended in February 2017, the parties have agreed to collaborate on the discovery of novel immuno-therapeutics using Agenus’ antibody discovery platforms.

As of September 30, 2024, we held an investment of approximately 0.6 million shares of Agenus Inc. common stock. The fair market value of our equity investment in Agenus Inc. at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $3.3 million and $10.0 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an unrealized loss of $6.8 million and $6.7 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Agenus Inc.’s common stock during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $5.6 million and $15.3 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Agenus Inc.’s common stock during the respective periods.

In December 2016, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Merus N.V. (“Merus”). Under this agreement, the parties have agreed to collaborate with respect to the research, discovery and development of bispecific antibodies utilizing Merus’ technology platform. The collaboration encompasses up to ten independent programs.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we sold approximately 3.0 million of Merus’ common shares for proceeds of $160.6 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we sold our remaining approximately 1.0 million of Merus’ common shares for proceeds of $55.5 million. As of September 30, 2024, we had no remaining investment of Merus’ common shares. The fair market value of our equity investment in Merus at December 31, 2023 was $110.1 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded realized and unrealized losses of $4.1 million and realized and unrealized gains of $106.1 million, respectively, based on the sale of shares and change in fair value of remaining Merus’ common shares during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $9.1 million and an unrealized gain of $29.5 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Merus’ common shares during the respective periods.

In October 2017, we entered into a Global Collaboration and License Agreement with MacroGenics, Inc. (“MacroGenics”). Under this agreement, we received exclusive development and commercialization rights worldwide to MacroGenics’ INCMGA0012 (formerly MGA012), an investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits PD-1. Except as set forth in the succeeding sentence, we have sole authority over and bear all costs and expenses in connection with the development and commercialization of INCMGA0012 in all indications, whether as a monotherapy or as part of a combination regimen. MacroGenics has retained the right to develop and commercialize, at its cost and expense, its pipeline assets in combination with INCMGA0012. In addition, MacroGenics has the right to manufacture a portion of both companies’ global clinical and commercial supply needs of INCMGA0012.

In March 2023, we made a $15.0 million regulatory milestone payment to MacroGenics for the FDA approval of ZYNYZ for the treatment of adults with Merkel cell carcinoma. This milestone payment was capitalized as an intangible asset and included in Other intangible assets, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024, and is being amortized through cost of product revenues over the estimated useful life of 13.5 years.

On July 24, 2024, the parties amended the agreement, and Incyte agreed to pay MacroGenics $100.0 million in exchange for MacroGenics’ agreement that all milestones for squamous cell anal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer have been deemed either achieved or inapplicable and certain future milestones for non-small cell lung cancer were waived. This $100.0 million milestone payment was recorded as research and development expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Since the inception of the agreement, inclusive of the July 2022 and July 2024 amendments to the agreement, through September 30, 2024, we have paid MacroGenics developmental and regulatory milestones totaling $215.0 million. After these amendments and subsequent payments, MacroGenics will be eligible to receive up to an additional $210.0 million in future contingent development and regulatory milestones, and up to $330.0 million in sales milestones as well as tiered royalties ranging from 15% to 24% of global net sales.

Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 also included $15.5 million and $40.8 million, respectively, of development costs incurred pursuant to the MacroGenics agreement. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 also included $12.9 million and $42.8 million, respectively, of development costs incurred pursuant to the MacroGenics agreement. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, a total of $0.9 million and $0.3 million of such costs were included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As described in Note 6, on February 5, 2024, we entered into a purchase agreement with MorphoSys that became effective as of that date, as a result of which we now hold exclusive global rights for tafasitamab, a humanized Fc-modified CD19-targeting immunotherapy marketed in the United States as MONJUVI (tafasitamab-cxix) and outside of the United States as MINJUVI (tafasitamab). Prior to the acquisition, pursuant to a now-terminated collaboration and license agreement, we and MorphoSys agreed to co-develop tafasitamab and to share development costs associated with global and U.S.-specific clinical trials, with Incyte responsible for 55% of such costs and MorphoSys responsible for 45% of such costs. Each company was responsible for funding any independent development activities, and we were responsible for funding development activities specific to territories outside of the United States.

During May 2024, as part of the Novartis tender offer for MorphoSys AG’s outstanding shares, we sold all of our 3.6 million American Depository Shares, each representing 0.25 of an ordinary share of MorphoSys AG, for proceeds of $66.6 million. The fair market value of our equity investment in MorphoSys AG as of December 31, 2023 was $35.9 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a realized gain of $30.7 million, based on the sale of shares and change in fair value of MorphoSys AG’s ordinary shares during the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $2.7 million and an unrealized gain of $11.4 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of MorphoSys AG’s ordinary shares during the respective periods.

Our 50% share of the United States loss or profit for the commercialization of tafasitamab for the period from January 1, 2024 to the asset acquisition on February 5, 2024, was a profit of $1.0 million, and is recorded as (Profit) and loss sharing under collaboration agreements on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. As described in Note 6, subsequent to the asset acquisition, we recognize revenue and costs for all commercialization and clinical development of tafasitamab in the United States. Our 50% share of the United States profit or loss for the commercialization of tafasitamab for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was a profit of $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and is recorded as (profit) and loss sharing under collaboration agreements on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Research and development expenses for the period from January 1, 2024 to the asset acquisition on February 5, 2024, includes $10.7 million, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for tafasitamab. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $13.0 million and $58.5 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for tafasitamab. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $0.0 million and $18.8 million, respectively, was included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for amounts due to MorphoSys under the former agreement.

In September 2021, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Syndax”), covering the worldwide development and commercialization of SNDX-6352 (“axatilimab”). We and Syndax have agreed to co-develop axatilimab and to share development costs associated with global and U.S.-specific clinical trials, with Incyte responsible for 55% of such costs and Syndax responsible for 45% of such costs. Each company is responsible for funding any independent development activities.

In August 2024, we made a $12.5 million regulatory milestone payment to Syndax for the FDA approval of NIKTIMVO for the treatment of GVHD. This milestone payment was capitalized as an intangible asset and included in other intangible assets, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024, and is being amortized through cost of product revenues over the estimated useful life of 10 years.

Inclusive of an upfront, non-refundable payment, since the inception of the agreement through September 30, 2024, we have made payments of $129.5 million to Syndax, which were previously recorded in research and development expense or in other intangible assets, as discussed above. Syndax is eligible to receive up to $207.5 million in future contingent development and regulatory milestones and up to $230.0 million in sales milestones as well as tiered royalties ranging in the mid-teens on net sales in Europe and Japan and low double digit percentage on net sales in the rest of the world outside of the United States.

As of September 30, 2024, we held an investment of approximately 1.4 million shares of Syndax common stock. The fair market value of our long term investment in Syndax as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $27.4 million and $30.7 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an unrealized loss of $1.9 million and $3.4 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Syndax’s common stock during the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an unrealized loss of $9.2 million and $15.6 million, respectively, based on the change in fair value of Syndax’s common stock during the respective periods.

Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, includes $5.8 million and $17.6 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for axatilimab. Research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $5.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively, related to our 55% share of the co-development costs for axatilimab. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $1.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively, was included in accrued and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet for amounts due to Syndax under the agreement.

In March 2024, we entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with China Medical System Skinhealth, a wholly-owned dermatology medical aesthetic company and subsidiary of China Medical System Holdings Limited (“CMSHL”), for the development and commercialization of povorcitinib, a selective oral JAK1 inhibitor, in certain indications in certain Asian territories. In March 2024, we recognized an upfront payment under this agreement of $25.0 million upon our transfer of the functional intellectual property related to povorcitinib to CMSHL which was recorded in milestone and contract revenues on the condensed consolidated statement of operations during the first quarter of 2024. We are eligible to receive additional potential development and commercial milestones, as well as royalties on net sales of the licensed product in CMSHL’s territory. CMSHL received an exclusive license to develop and commercialize and a non-exclusive license to manufacture povorcitinib in autoimmune and inflammatory dermatologic diseases, including non-segmental vitiligo, hidradenitis suppurativa, prurigo nodularis, asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria, for patients in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and certain countries in Southeast Asia.

In addition to the license and collaboration agreements discussed above, we have various other license and collaboration agreements that are not individually material to our operating results or financial condition at this time. Pursuant to the terms of those agreements, we may be required to pay, or we may receive, additional amounts contingent upon the occurrence of various future events such as future discovery, development, regulatory or commercial milestones, which in the aggregate could be material. In addition, if any products related to these collaborations are approved for sale, we may be required to pay, or we may receive, royalties on future sales. The payment or receipt of these amounts, however, is contingent upon the occurrence of various future events, the likelihood of which cannot presently be determined.