-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, PAYpyHR2eSxutzt3hpYw+4V7vTMk4g7V+JEbjtStBSt6VISW89iXWhAgao9gIZBm P4Wvl8xj2oQzKtsQc86U3w== 0001058068-99-000001.txt : 19990226 0001058068-99-000001.hdr.sgml : 19990226 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001058068-99-000001 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10QSB/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 1 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19980930 FILED AS OF DATE: 19990225 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: AURORA ENERGY LTD CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000879162 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: CRUDE PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS [1311] IRS NUMBER: 911780941 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NV FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10QSB/A SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-29722 FILM NUMBER: 99549327 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3760 NORTH US 31 SOUTH STREET 2: P O BOX 961 CITY: TRAVERSE CITY STATE: MI ZIP: 49685-0961 BUSINESS PHONE: 6169410073 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3760 NORTH US 31 SOUTH STREET 2: P O BOX 961 CITY: TRAVERSE CITY STATE: MI ZIP: 49685-9861 10QSB/A 1 US SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, DC 20549 AMENDED FORM 10-QSB (Mark One) [x] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended: September 30, 1998 [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from: Commission file number: 000-29722 AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter) NEVADA State or other jurisdiction of incorporation 91-1780941 (IRS Employer Identification No.)or organization) 3760 North U.S. 31 South, Traverse City, MI 49684 (Address of principal executive offices) (616) 941-0073 (Issuer's telephone number) N/A (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes __X__ No ______ APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS Check whether the registrant filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by court. Yes ____ No _____ APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS State the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date: 8,691,697 Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (check one); Yes __ No X Part I - Financial Information Item 1 - Financial Statements AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (a development stage company) STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) Sept. 30, Sept. 30, ASSETS 1998 1997 Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 404,665 $ 84,093 Accounts receivable 229,451 474,490 Prepaid expenses 6,194 -- Total current assets 640,310 558,583 Oil and gas properties, not subject to amortization, using full cost accounting 1,986,273 361,741 Investment in oil and gas partnerships 138,222 143,000 Property and equipment, net 62,975 1,500 Total assets $2,827,780 $1,064,824 See notes to financial statements
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) Sept. 30, Sept. 30, 1998 1997 Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 728,277 $ 223,830 Current portion of capital lease obligations 10,170 -- Line of credit 490,000 -- Loan from Brittania Holdings -- 500,000 Advances from affiliates -- 125,000 Advances from investors 23,265 69,000 Accrued expenses 22,215 29,195 Total current liabilities 1,273,927 947,025 Capital lease obligations, net of current portion 26,068 -- Total liabilities 1,299,995 947,025 Stockholders equity Common stock, $.001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 8,691,697 shares issued and outstanding 8,692 6,720 Additional paid-in capital 1,869,073 201,295 Deficit accumulated during the development Stage (349,980) (90,216) Total stockholders' equity 1,527,785 117,799 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $2,827,780 $1,064,824 See notes to financial statements
AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (a development stage company) STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
For the For the For the period For the 9 months 3 months 3/12/97 3 months ended ended (inception) ended 9/30/98 9/30/98 to 9/30/97 9/30/97 Operating revenues $19,606 $12,079 $ -- $ -- Other revenue 6,976 4,885 13,817 13,817 General and administrative expenses 381,162 106,103 95,528 87,607 Operating loss (354,580) (89,139) (81,711) (73,790) Other income (expense) Equity in loss of investee partnerships (43,865) 2,942 -- -- Gain on sale of assets 300,000 300,000 -- -- Interest income 11,640 597 -- -- Interest expense (12,331) (8,448) (7,990) (7,990) Other expense, net 255,444 295,091 (7,990) (7,990) Net loss $(99,136) $205,952 $(89,701) $(81,780) Net loss per basic and diluted common share $ (.011) $.037 $ (.016) $ (.012) See notes to financial statements
AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (a development stage company) STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY FOR THE PERIOD FROM MARCH 12, 1997 (INCEPTION) THROUGH SEPTEMBER 30, 1998 (UNAUDITED)
Deficit Accumulated Add'l During the Common Stock Paid in Developmental Shares Amount Capital Stage Totals Common stock issued for cash at $.001 per share 514,997 $ 515 $ -- $ -- $ 515 Common stock issued for cash at $.025 per share 580,000 580 13,920 -- 14,500 Common stock issued in exchange for interest in oil and gas partnership 5,575,200 5,575 137,425 -- 143,000 Common stock issued for cash at $1.00 per share 50,000 50 49,950 -- 50,000 Common stock issued in exchange for cancellation of loan at $.7142857 per share 700,000 700 499,300 -- 500,000 Common stock issued for cash at $.90 per share 1,191,500 1,192 1,071,158 -- 1,072,350 Common stock options issued to consultant and non-employee director -- -- 17,400 -- 17,400 Common stock issued in exchange for oil and gas working interests 80,000 80 79,920 -- 80,000 Net loss -- -- -- (349,980) (349,980) Balance at Sept. 30, 1998 $8,691,697 $8,692 $1,869,073 $(349,980) $1,527,785 See notes to financial statements
AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (a development stage company) STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE PERIOD FROM MARCH 12, 1997 (INCEPTION) THROUGH SEPTEMBER 30, 1997 AND FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1998
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) 1998 1997 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ (99,136) $ (89,701) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 6,279 -- Equity in loss of investee partnership 43,865 -- Services received in exchange for stock options -- -- Changes in operating assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash: Accounts receivable 74,719 (474,490) Prepaid expenses (1,244) -- Accounts payable 542,125 223,830 Accrued expense (1,087) 29,195 Net cash used in operating activities 565,521 (311,166) Cash flows from investing activities Acquisition of interests in oil and gas properties (1,205,423) (361,741) Acquisition of interests in investee partnerships (82,773) -- Capital expenditures for property and equipment (6,950) (1,500) Net cash used in investing activities (1,295,146) (363,241) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from the sale of common stock 198,450 64,500 Proceeds of loan from financial institution 490,000 500,000 Advances from affiliate -- 125,000 Repayment of advancement from affiliate -- -- Advances from investors 23,265 69,000 Payments to investors (89,000) -- Payments made to reduce capital lease obligations (6,833) -- Net cash provided by financing activities 615,882 758,500 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents (113,743) 84,093 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 518,408 -- Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $404,665 $84,093 See notes to financial statements
AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) NOTE 1 BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to form 10-QSB and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals and recognition of equity in the results of operations of affiliates) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine-month period ended September 30, 1998 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 1998. For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's annual report for the period March 12, 1997 (inception) through December 31, 1997. NOTE 2 COMPUTATION OF LOSS PER SHARE Loss per share is computed for the nine months ended September 30, 1998 and for the period March 12, 1997 to September 30, 1997, using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period (8,654,822 and 5,584,764 respectively) determined pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 128, "Earnings Per Share". This Statement requires a dual presentation and reconciliation of "basic" and "diluted" per share amounts. Diluted reflects the potential dilution of all common stock equivalents. Since the assumed exercise of common stock options would be anti- dilutive for all periods presented, such exercise is not assumed for purposes of determining diluted loss per share. Accordingly, diluted and basic per share amounts are equal. Item 2 Plan of Operations The Company seeks to maximize stock price and shareholder value through exploration in lower risk shale natural gas plays and through the acquisition of properties with proven production and positive cash flow. The Company's short-term goal (the next 12 months) is to acquire or to find through exploration and bring on line enough production and positive cash flows to cover its general and administrative expenses. The Company's long term goals include continued building of reserves and cash flows from production to allow for further development of existing properties, mortgaging proved developed reserves to finance continued exploration and growth in value through development of untapped Antrim Shale, New Albany Shale or other formations. The Company should be able to meet its cash requirements for the rest of the 1998 calendar year. It will be necessary to raise additional funds for operations into 1999. These funds may be raised in part by selling additional shares of the Company's common stock through a private placement, and in part, by the sale of undeveloped or incomplete oil and gas properties and projects. The Company is also attempting to obtain recourse financing for the acquisition of productive properties capable of adding positive cash flows after servicing the related debts. The Company anticipates no change in the number of employees. YEAR 2000 DISCLOSURES: Background The Year 2000 Issue is a result of computer programs being written to recognize two digits instead of four to identify the applicable year. Date sensitive computer programs may then interpret dates using "00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could cause system failures, miscalculations or other system disruptions, which might temporarily interrupt the Company's ability to engage in normal business activities. Plan And State Of Readiness The Company has addressed the most direct problems associated with the Year 2000 Issue. The Company has obtained written assurances from the appropriate vendors and manufacturers that 100% of the Company's computer hardware, and that 100% of all date sensitive software currently in use by the Company, are Year 2000 compliant. Consequently, the Company anticipates no expenditures will be required to bring administrative software and hardware in compliance with Year 2000 requirements. The Company has only just begun communicating with third parties and examining non-information-technology systems to determine their state of readiness. The Company anticipates that by mid-1999 its survey of material vendors and partners and the inspection of non-information-technology systems will be complete. The Company has only a few non-information-technology systems and does not expect the costs of remediation to be material. The Company estimates that the survey of non-information-technology systems and third parties whose lack of readiness for the Year 2000 could materially affect the Company's ability to conduct normal day-to-day operations is 5% complete. The costs to the Company for a lack of readiness on the part of vendors, customers and partners are limited to whatever the temporary interruption of business functions would total. The major risks would be interruptions in communications, banking, and cash flows if the pipelines and final purchasers of the Company's gas and oil production are not in compliance. Cash flow could also be impacted if industry partners who operate oil and gas properties in which the Company is invested suffer business interruptions due to their own lack of readiness, or due to third party vendors' and/or customers' lack of readiness for the Year 2000 problem. Contingency Plans Temporary interruptions in the Company's cash flows due to Year 2000 Issue problems affecting purchasers of the Company's oil and gas production are not expected to present material difficulties. If, for the same reasons, more protracted cash flow interruptions are encountered, the Company plans to access unused lines of credit and/or borrow from affiliated entities to cover the most necessary disbursements until such time as the normal order of business is restored. Part II Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders The annual meeting of the shareholders was conducted on September 30, 1998. The Board of Directors was elected in its entirety. Thomas W. Tucker, William W. Deneau, John V. Miller, Jr., and Gary J. Myles were elected for terms extending until the next annual meeting of the shareholders. Each director was elected on a vote of 7,850,192 shares in favor and 11 shares against. Rehmann Robson, P.C. of Traverse City, Michigan, was appointed to continue to serve as the Company's independent auditors, with a vote of 7,300,192 shares in favor and 550,011 shares abstaining. An amendment to the Company's Bylaws was approved, moving the date for the annual meeting from September 30 to May 15 of each year. The vote was 7,300,137 shares in favor, with 550,066 shares abstaining. An amendment to the Company's Bylaws was approved, deleting a provision that permitted amendment of the bylaws only by the shareholders, and substituting the following provision: These Bylaws may be amended or repealed, or new bylaws may be adopted, by vote of a majority of the directors then in office or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting of the stockholders. The stockholders may specify particular provisions of these Bylaws which shall not be altered or repealed by the Board of Directors. The vote was 6,545,137 shares in favor, 755,000 shares opposed, and 550,066 shares abstaining. Item 6 Index to Exhibits (2) Plan of acquisition None (3) (i) Restated Articles of Incorporation (ii) Bylaws (4) Instruments defining the Incorporated by reference rights of security holders from Form 10-SB (10) Material contracts Incorporated by reference from Form 10-SB P Bank Loan Documents Incorporated by reference From Form 10-QSB, Second Quarter 1998 (11) Statement regarding computation of per share earnings None (15) Letter on unaudited interim financial information None (18) Letter on change in accounting principles None (22) Published report regarding matters submitted to vote None (24) Power of Attorney None (27) Financial Data Schedule (99) Additional Exhibits None
SIGNATURES In accordance with the requirements on the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. Date: February 22, 1999 AURORA ENERGY, LTD. By: //William W. Deneau, President// RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF AURORA ENERGY, LTD. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS: That we the undersigned, having this day associated ourselves together for the purpose of forming a corporation under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Nevada, hereby adopt the following Articles of Incorporation: ARTICLE I The name of the corporation is Aurora Energy, Ltd. ARTICLE II The principal place of business of the corporation located within the State of Nevada shall be 825 N. Lamb, No. 77, Las Vegas, Nevada. Corporate mail to be directed to: P. O. Box 70011, Las Vegas, Nevada 89170- 0011, in Clark County. The Board of Directors may establish from time to time other offices within and without the State of Nevada. ARTICLE III The nature of the business or purposes proposed to be transacted or carried on by the corporation shall be to engage in any lawful activity. ARTICLE IV The total authorized capital stock of the corporation is the amount of Five Hundred Million shares of common stock having a par value of $.001 per share. ARTICLE V The names and post office addresses of the Board of Directors of Aurora Energy, Ltd. are as follows: William W. Deneau President and Director 2533 N. Carson Street Carson City, NV 89706 Barbara J. Johnson Secretary 2533 N. Carson Street Carson City, NV 89706 Thomas W. Tucker Treasurer and Director 2533 N. Carson Street Carson City, NV 89706 John V. Miller Director and Vice President 2533 N. Carson Street Carson City, NV 89706 Gary J. Myles Director 2533 N. Carson Street Carson City, NV 89706 The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be conducted by a board of directors of such number as the By-laws may provide: but the directors may not be less than three. A governing board of directors may elect to increase the number of directors by a vote of the board. ARTICLE VI Consideration for issuance of shares may be paid in whole or in part, in money, labor, property, or other things of value to the Corporation. When payment of the consideration for which said shares are to be issued shall have been received by the Corporation, such shares shall be deemed to be fully paid and non- assessable. In absence of fraud in the transaction, the judgment of the Board of Directors as to the value of the consideration for shares shall be conclusive. ARTICLE VII The Board of Directors shall have the power to authorize from time to time, other classifications of stock, such as preferred, special, or additional common, and to designate the number of said shares and shall fix and determine the designations, rights, preferences or other variations of each class or series of stock. The Board of Directors shall also have the power to authorize the issuance of bonds, and variations of same for any purpose determined by the Board, to be in the best interests of the Corporation, and its shareholders. ARTICLE VIII The Corporation shall have perpetual existence. ARTICLE IX Any one or more of the directors may be removed, with or without cause, at any time by a vote or written consent of the stockholders representing a majority of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to voting power. ARTICLE X The Board of Directors shall elect or appoint officers: president, secretary, treasurer, etc., a resident agent, and such other officers, agents, advisors or others for the administration of the business of the Corporation as it shall from time to time determine. Officers of the Corporation need not be members of the Board of Directors. ARTICLE XI In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers vested by law, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized: A. To hold meetings within or without the State of Nevada. B. If the By-laws so provide, to designate two or more of its number to constitute an Executive Committee, which Committee shall have and exercise any or all of the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. C. Subject to the Bylaws: to make, alter, amend or change the By-laws of the Corporation. D. Subject to the By-laws, to appoint a resident agent of the state of domicile; to dismiss the registrant agent and file an appointment of another resident agent, for any valid reason what-so-ever. ARTICLE XII To the extent permitted by law, the private property of each and every stockholder, officer and director of the Corporation, real or personal, tangible or intangible, now owned or hereafter acquired by any of them, is and shall be forever exempt from all debts and obligations of the Corporation, of any type what- so-ever. ARTICLE XIII The Corporation shall indemnify all of its officers and directors, present and future, against any and all expenses incurred by them, and each of them including, but not limited to, legal fees, judgments, and penalties which may be incurred, rendered, or levied in any legal action brought against any or all of them for or on account of any act or omission alleged to have been committed while acting within the scope of their duties as officers or directors of this Corporation. ARTICLE XIV The names and post office addresses of the incorporators are as follows: Name Post Office Address H. Eugene Gerke P.O. Box 70011, Las Vegas, NV 89170 Nicky R. Vaughn P.O. Box 390, Brisbane, CA 94005 Harold D. Blethen P.O. Box 6175, San Jose, CA 95150 ARTICLE XV The Corporation's shareholders do not have a preemptive right to acquire the Corporation's unissued shares. ARTICLE XVI A director or officer is not liable for damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer except for: (a) acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law; or (b) the payment of a distribution in violation of NRC 78.300. BY-LAWS OF AURORA ENERGY, LTD. (A corporation whose domicile is the State of Nevada) ARTICLE I - OFFICES Section 1. The registered office of the Corporation in the State of Nevada shall be at 2533 N. Carson Street, Carson City, Nevada 89706. The registered agent in charge thereof shall be: LAUGHLIN & ASSOCIATES OF CARSON CITY, NEVADA. Section 2. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places as the Board of Directors may from time to time appoint or the business of the Corporation may require. ARTICLE II - SEAL Section 1. The Corporate Seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal", NEVADA. However, a Corporate Seal shall not be a requirement. ARTICLE III - STOCKHOLDERS' MEETING Section 1. The meetings of stockholders shall be held at the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Michigan or such place, either within or without this State, as may be selected from time to time by the Board of Directors. Section 2. ANNUAL MEETINGS: The annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held on May 15 of each year if not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, and if a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, then on the next secular day following, at the time and place designated by the Board. At the annual meeting, the stockholders shall elect Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. Section 3. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS: Elections of the Directors of the Corporation may be by written ballot. Section 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS; Special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time by the President, or the Board of Directors, or stockholders entitled to cast at least Twenty-five percent of the votes which all stockholders are entitled to cast at the particular meeting. At any time, upon written request of any person or persons who have duly called a special meeting, it shall be the duty of the Secretary to fix the date of the meeting, to be held not more than sixty days after receipt of the request, and to give due notice thereof. If the Secretary shall neglect or refuse to fix the date of the meeting and give notice thereof, the person or persons calling the meeting may do so. Business transacted at all special meetings shall be confined to the objects stated in the call and matters germane thereto, unless all stockholders entitled to vote are present and consent, or such shareholders as control a majority of votes of all outstanding shares. Written notice of a special meeting of stockholders stating the time and place and object thereof, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat at least ten days before such meeting, unless a greater period of notice is required by statute in a particular case. Section 5. QUORUM: A majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. At the meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. If less than a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote is represented at a meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting without further notice. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum. Section 6. PROXIES: Each Stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to Corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with interest sufficient to law to support an irrevocable power. A proxy may be made irrevocable regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled is an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the Corporation generally. All proxies shall be filed with the Secretary of the meeting before being voted upon. Section 7. NOTICE OF MEETINGS: Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting and in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise provided by law, written notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. Section 8. CONSENT IN LIEU OF MEETINGS: Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than a majority of the number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the Corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing. Section 9. LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS: The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. No share of stock upon which any installment is due and unpaid shall be voted at any meeting. The list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and be inspected by any stockholder who is present. In event the Corporation has become a publicly held entity whose shares are currently trading in the public market place, a certified current list of the Corporation's shareholders in alphabetical order, shall be acquired from the Corporation's Transfer Agent, and the Officer or Agent in charge at the meeting shall determine that no share of stock upon which any installment is due and unpaid shall be voted at any meeting. In all events the list of shareholders shall be open to the examination of any shareholders, for any reason germane to the meeting. ARTICLE IV - DIRECTORS Section 1. The business and affairs of this Corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors, number three or more. The Directors need not be residents of this State or shareholders in the Corporation. They shall be elected by the stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, and each Director shall be elected for a term of: until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify or until his earlier resignation or removal. The Board may also increase its own number of members and a chairman and vice-chairman. In event of all Board positions being vacated, a majority vote of the shareholders shall elect a new Board of Directors. Section 2. REGULAR MEETINGS: Regular meetings of the Board shall be held without notice at the Registered Office of the Corporation, or at such other time and place as shall be determined by the Board. Section 3. SPECIAL MEETINGS: Special meetings of the Board may be called by the President at any time, with each Director, either personally, by telephone, or by facsimile transmission, or by mail, or by telegram. Special meetings shall be called by the President or Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of a majority of the Directors in office. Section 4. QUORUM: A majority of the total number of Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Section 5. CONSENT IN LIEU OF MEETING: Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. The Board of Directors may hold its meetings, and have an office or offices, outside of this State. Section 6. CONFERENCE TELEPHONE: One or more Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board, of a committee of the Board or of the stockholders, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other; participation in this manner shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. Section 7. COMPENSATION: Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services; however by resolution of the Board, a fixed sum for attendance and expenses, if any, may be allowed for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board. Additionally, options for non-employee directors as provided in a stock option plan is provided for herein. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation thereof. Section 8. REMOVAL: Any Director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of Directors. ARTICLE V - OFFICERS Section 1. The executive officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Directors and in event of a vacancy on the Board the remaining Directors may appoint a replacement. The Board of Directors may also choose a President, one or more Vice Presidents and such other officers as it shall deem necessary. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. Section 2. SALARIES: Salaries of all officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors. Section 3. TERM OF OFFICE: The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and have qualified. Any officer or agent elected or, appointed by the Board may be removed by the Board of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interest of the Corporation will be served thereby. Section 4. PRESIDENT: The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation; he shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and directors; he shall have general and active management of the business of the Corporation, shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board are carried into effect, subject, however, to the right of the directors to delegate any specific powers, except such as may be by statute exclusively conferred on the President, to any other officer or officers of the Corporation. He shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation. He shall be EX-OFFICIO a member of all committees, and shall have the general power and duties of supervision and management usually vested in the office of President of a Corporation. Section 5. SECRETARY: The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board and all meetings of the stockholders and act as clerk thereof, and record all the votes of the Corporation and the minutes of all its transactions in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for all committees of the Board of Directors when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or President, and under whose supervision he shall be. He shall keep in safe custody the Corporate Seal of the Corporation, and when authorized by the Board or President, affix the same to any instrument requiring it. Section 6. TREASURER: The Treasurer shall have custody of the Corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation, and shall keep the moneys of the Corporation in a separate account to the credit of the Corporation. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the President and Directors, at regular meetings of the Board, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. ARTICLE VI - VACANCIES Section 1. Any vacancies occurring in any office of the Corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise, shall be filled by the Board of Directors. Vacancies and newly created Directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of Directors may be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director. If at any time, by reason of death or resignation or other cause, the Corporation should have no Directors in office, then any officer or stockholder or an executor, administrator, trustee or guardian of a stockholder, or other fiduciary entrusted with the responsibility for the person or estate of a stockholder, may call a special meeting of stockholders in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws. Section 2. RESIGNATIONS EFFECTIVE AT FUTURE DATE: When one or more Directors shall resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the Directors then in office, including those who so have resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective. ARTICLE VII - CORPORATE RECORDS Section 1. Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business and with such advance notice to the Corporation as may be set by the State of Nevada to inspect for any proper purpose the Corporation's list of its stockholders, and its other books and records, and to make copies or extract therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person's interest as a stockholder. In every instance where attorney or other agent shall be the person who seeks the rights to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a Power of Attorney or such other writing which authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholders. The demand under oath shall be directed to the Corporation at its registered office in this State or at its principal place of business. ARTICLE VIII - STOCK CERTIFICATES, DIVIDENDS, ETC. Section 1. The stock certificates of the Corporation shall be numbered and registered, the transfer books of the Corporation as they are issued, or by the Corporation's Registrar. They shall bear the Corporate Seal and shall be signed by the Corporate transfer agent. Section 2. TRANSFERS: Transfers of shares shall be made on the books of the Corporation by the Registrar in behalf of the Corporation only upon surrender of the certificates therefore, endorsed by the person named in the certificate or by attorney, lawfully constituted in writing. No transfer shall be made which is inconsistent with law. A "Do Not Transfer" demand may be made by the Corporation to its Registrar if for lawful reasons. Section 3. LOST CERTIFICATES: The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in the place of any certificates theretofore signed by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificates or the issuance of such new certificates. Section 4. RECORD DATE: In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to Corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. If no record date is fixed: (a) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice or to vote a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. (b) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to Corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is necessary, shall be the day which the first written consent is expressed. (c) The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. (d) A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for adjourned meeting. Section 5. DIVIDENDS: The Board of Directors may declare and pay dividends upon the outstanding shares of the Corporation from time to time and to such extent as they deem advisable, in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by statute and Certificate of Incorporation. Section 6. RESERVES: Before payment of any dividends there may be set aside out of the net profits of the Corporation such sum or sums as the Directors, from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund to meet contingencies, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purposes as the Directors think conducive to the interests of the Corporation, and the Directors may abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created. ARTICLE IX - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Section 1. FISCAL YEAR: The fiscal year shall begin on the first day of the calendar annually. Section 2. CHECKS: All checks or demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. Section 3. NOTICE: Whenever written notice is required to be given to any person, it may be given to such person, either personally or by sending a copy thereof through the mail, or by telegram, charges prepaid, to this address appearing on the books of the Corporation, or supplied by him to the Corporation for the purpose of notice. If the notice is sent by mail or by telegraph, it shall be deemed to have been given to the person entitled thereto when deposited in the United States mail or with a telegraph office for transmission to such person. Such notice shall specify meeting of stockholders, the general nature of the business to be transacted. Section 4. WAIVER OF NOTICE: Whenever any written notice is required by statute, or by the Certificate or the By-Laws of this Corporation a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Except in the case of a special meeting of stockholders, neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of the meeting need be specified in the waiver of notice or such meeting. Attendance of a person either in person or by proxy, at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such a meeting, except where a person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Section 5. RESIGNATIONS: Any Director or other Officer may resign at any time, such resignation to be in writing, and to take effect from the time of its receipt by the Corporation, unless some time be fixed in the resignation and then from that date. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be required to make it effective. Section 6. GENDER NEUTRAL: Wherever from the context it appears appropriate, each term stated in the singular or the plural shall include the singular and the plural, and pronouns stated in either the masculine, the feminine or the neuter gender shall include the masculine, feminine and neuter. ARTICLE X - ANNUAL STATEMENT Section 1. The President and Board of Directors shall present at each annual meeting a full and complete statement of the business and affairs of the Corporation for the preceding year. Such statement shall be prepared and presented in whatever manner the Board of Directors shall deem advisable and need not be verified by a certified public accountant. ARTICLE XI - AMENDMENTS Section 1. These Bylaws may be amended or repealed, or new bylaws may be adopted, by vote of a majority of the directors then in office or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting of the stockholders. The stockholders may specify particular provisions of these Bylaws which shall not be altered or repealed by the Board of Directors. __________________________________ Secretary
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