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Share-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details) (USD $)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 70,951us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod    
Phantom shares annual award $ 80,000odfl_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionAmountGrantedAnnualAward $ 50,000odfl_ShareBasedGoodsAndNonemployeeServicesTransactionAmountGrantedAnnualAward  
Phantom shares vested 325,921us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod 266,740us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod  
Total liability for share awards 34,672,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability 23,632,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability  
Director Phantom Stock Plan [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 8,220us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
   
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Total Share-based Liabilities Paid 0us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
0us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
0us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
Total liability for share awards 5,614,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
3,422,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
 
Compensation costs 2,193,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
1,214,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
989,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
Unrecognized compensation cost 300,000us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_DirectorPhantomStockPlanMember
   
Employee Phantom Stock Plan [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 62,731us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
   
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Total Share-based Liabilities Paid 2,401,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
1,404,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
1,077,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsShareBasedLiabilitiesPaid
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
Total liability for share awards 29,058,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
20,210,000odfl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsTotalShareBasedLiability
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
 
Compensation costs 11,249,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
7,639,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
5,404,000us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
Unrecognized compensation cost $ 15,000,000us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_EmployeePhantomStockPlanMember
   
2012 Phantom Stock Plan [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Maximum number of shares of phantom stock available for awards 1,000,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= odfl_A2012PhantomStockPlanMember