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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of EZCORP, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
We adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Upon adoption of the ASU, management has the responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued) or to provide related footnote disclosures.
To determine if we hold a controlling financial interest in an entity, we first evaluate if we are required to apply the variable interest entity (“VIE”) model to the entity; otherwise, the entity is evaluated under the voting interest model. Where we hold current or potential rights that give us the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, combined with a variable interest that gives us the right to receive potentially significant benefits or the obligation to absorb potentially significant losses, we have a controlling financial interest in that VIE. Rights held by others to remove the party with power over the VIE are not considered unless one party can exercise those rights unilaterally.
In evaluating whether we have the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, we consider the purpose for which the VIE was created, the importance of each of the activities in which it is engaged and our decision-making role, if any, in those activities that significantly determine the entity’s economic performance as compared to other economic interest holders. This evaluation requires consideration of all facts and circumstances relevant to decision-making that affects the entity’s future performance and the exercise of professional judgment in deciding which decision-making rights are most important.
In determining whether we have the right to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses that could potentially be significant to a VIE, we evaluate all of our economic interests in the entity, regardless of form (debt, equity, management and servicing fees and other contractual arrangements). This evaluation considers all relevant factors of the entity’s design, including the entity’s capital structure, contractual rights to earnings or losses, subordination of our interests relative to those of other investors, as well as any other contractual arrangements that might exist that could have the potential to be economically significant. The evaluation of each of these factors in reaching a conclusion about the potential significance of our economic interests is a matter that requires the exercise of professional judgment.
Pawn Loan and Sales Revenue Recognition
Pawn Loan and Sales Revenue Recognition
We record pawn service charges using the effective interest method for all pawn loans we believe to be collectible. We base our estimate of collectible loans on several inputs, including recent redemption rates, historical trends in redemption rates and the amount of loans due in the following months. Unexpected variations in any of these factors could change our estimate of collectible loans, affecting our earnings and financial condition. If a pawn loan is not repaid, we value the forfeited collateral (inventory) at the lower of cost (pawn loan principal) or net realizable value of the item.
We record sales revenue and the related cost when merchandise inventory is sold, or when we receive the final payment on a layaway sale. We record sales revenue and the related cost when scrap inventory is sold and the proceeds to be received are fixed and determinable and ownership is transferred. Sales tax collected on the sale of inventory is excluded from the amount recognized as sales and instead recorded as a liability in “Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets until remitted to the appropriate governmental authorities.
Customers may purchase a product protection plan that allows them to exchange certain general merchandise (non-jewelry) sold through our retail pawn operations within six months of purchase. We recognize the fees for this service as revenue ratably over the three to six month period of the plan. We also offer a jewelry VIP package, which guarantees customers a minimum future pawn loan amount on the item sold, allows them full credit if they trade in the item to purchase a more expensive piece of jewelry, and provides minor repair service on the item sold. These fees are recognized upon sale. Customers may also purchase an item on layaway by paying a minimum layaway deposit of typically 10% of the item’s sale price. We hold the item for a 60 to 180-day period, during which the customer is required to pay the balance of the sales price. The initial deposit and subsequent payments are recorded as customer layaway deposits. Layaways are recorded as sales when paid in full. We record product protection, jewelry VIP and layaway fees as merchandise sales revenue, as they are incidental to sales of merchandise.
Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold
Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold
If a pawn loan is not redeemed, we record the forfeited collateral at cost (the principal amount of the pawn loan) in "Inventory, net" in our consolidated balance sheets. We do not record loan loss allowances or charge-offs on the principal portion of pawn loans, as they are fully collateralized. We record our inventory using the specific identification method of accounting.
In order to state inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, we record an allowance for excess, obsolete or slow moving inventory based on the type and age of merchandise. Our inventory consists primarily of general merchandise and jewelry. Our "Merchandise cost of goods sold" includes the historical cost of inventory sold, inventory shrinkage and any change in the allowance for inventory shrinkage and valuation. We include the cost of operating our central jewelry processing unit under “Jewelry scrapping cost of goods sold,” as it relates directly to sales of precious metals to refiners.
We consider our estimates of obsolete or slow moving inventory and shrinkage critical estimates in determining the appropriate overall valuation allowance for inventory. We monitor our sales margins for each type of inventory on an ongoing basis and compare to historical margins. Significant variances in those margins may require a revision to future inventory reserve estimates. We monitor our reserve estimates pertaining to jewelry inventory depending on the current and projected prices of gold. Future declines in the value of gold prices may cause an increase in reserve rates pertaining to jewelry inventory.
With respect to our Mexico pawn operations, we do not own the forfeited collateral; however, we assume the risk of loss on such collateral and are solely responsible for its care and disposition and as such, record such collateral under “Inventory, net” in our consolidated balance sheets. The amount of inventory from our Mexico pawn operations classified as “Inventory, net” in our consolidated balance sheets was $21.8 million and $19.0 million as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
We adopted ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, during the first quarter of fiscal 2017 on a prospective basis, and such adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We now measure our inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value, where net realizable value is "estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation." Inventory was previously required to be measured at the lower of cost or market value, where the measurement of market value had several potential outcomes.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Cash Concentrations
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Cash Concentrations
Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit or highly liquid investments with original contractual maturities of three months or less, or money market mutual funds. We hold cash at major financial institutions that often exceed FDIC insured limits. We manage our credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents and cash concentrations by concentrating our cash deposits in high quality financial institutions and by periodically evaluating the credit quality of the primary financial institutions issuing investments or holding such deposits. Historically, we have not experienced any losses due to such cash concentrations.
Notes Receivable
Notes Receivable
As discussed under “Notes Receivable from Grupo Finmart Divestiture” in Note 5, in September 2017 we restructured the repayment arrangements for certain promissory notes that we had received from Grupo Finmart in connection with such divestiture. We accounted for the restructuring as new notes receivable for which the modification was more than minor, recognizing $3.0 million of discount remaining on the original notes receivable as a gain, included in our income statement as a component of “Interest income.” As part of the restructuring of the notes receivable, we negotiated a deferred compensation amount of up to $14.0 million which we will account for as “Interest income” under the effective interest method, accreting to its ultimate estimated settlement amount at September 2020. We review the payment history, creditworthiness, projected cash flows and related assumptions of Grupo Finmart and AlphaCredit (the guarantor of such notes receivable) in determining whether our notes receivable and deferred compensation amounts are collectible. Prior to the restructuring, we amortized the discount on our notes receivable into “Interest income” under the effective interest method over the life of the notes receivable. We currently accrue interest under the terms of the repayment schedules. These items are included in “Corporate items” and “Mexico Pawn” within our segment disclosure in Note 5.
Equity Method Investments
Equity Method Investments
We account for our investment in Cash Converters International using the equity method. Since Cash Converters International’s fiscal year ends three months prior to ours, we report the income from this investment on a three-month lag. Thus, income reported for fiscal years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 represents our percentage interest in the results of Cash Converters International’s operations from July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017, July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016 and July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015, respectively. Because Cash Converters International publicly files semi-annual financial reports with the Australian Securities & Investments Commission as of and for the periods ended June 30 and December 31, we make estimates for our equity in Cash Converters International’s net income (loss) for Cash Converters International three-month periods ended March 31 (our reporting period ended June 30) and September 30 (our reporting period ended December 31). Those estimates may vary from actual results. We adjust our estimates as necessary in our reporting periods ended March 31 and September 30 to conform to Cash Converters International actual results as shown in their published semi-annual reports. We record all other-than-temporary impairments as of the date of our reporting period.
Cash Converters International records its results of operations under International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). There have historically been and currently are no material differences between Cash Converters International results of operations based upon IFRS versus results of operations as converted to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). We will continue to monitor for any potential IFRS to GAAP differences.
Impairments and other items recognized in prior years have created a negative basis in our investment in Cash Converters International of $20.7 million as compared to our proportionate share of equity. We accounted for this negative basis as a reduction in our portion of Cash Converters International goodwill. We will increase our equity in Cash Converters International’s net income in future reporting periods for our portion of any impairments of goodwill that may be recorded by Cash Converters International until such negative basis is restored.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and other intangible assets having indefinite lives are not subject to amortization. We test goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives for potential impairment annually as of September 30, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. We adopted ASU 2017-04, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, and such adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. This ASU eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test which previously required measurement of any goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under the new standard we compare the fair value of our reporting units with their carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, without exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
We perform our impairment analyses utilizing the income approach. This approach uses future cash flows and estimated terminal values for each of our reporting units (discounted using a market participant perspective) to determine the fair value of each reporting unit, which is then compared to the carrying value of the reporting unit to determine if there is an impairment. We have determined that our reporting units are equivalent to our operating segments for fiscal 2017. The income approach includes assumptions about revenue growth rates, operating margins and terminal growth rates discounted by an estimated weighted-average cost of capital derived from other publicly-traded companies that are similar but not identical from an operational and economic standpoint. We use discount rates that are commensurate with the risks and uncertainty inherent in the respective businesses and in our internally developed forecasts. Discount rates used in fiscal 2017 goodwill and other intangible asset valuations ranged from 9% to 12%. In testing other intangible assets for potential impairment, we apply key assumptions that are consistent with those utilized in our goodwill impairment test. Changes in the economic conditions or regulatory environment could negatively affect our key assumptions.
In addition to the assumptions discussed above pertaining to the income approach, we consider the assessment of potential triggering events to be a critical estimate.
Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment
We record property and equipment at cost. We depreciate these assets on a straight-line basis using estimated useful lives of 30 years for buildings and two to seven years for furniture, equipment and software development costs. We depreciate leasehold improvements over the shorter of their estimated useful life (typically 10 years) or the reasonably assured lease term at the inception of the lease.
Valuation of Tangible Long-Lived Assets
Valuation of Tangible Long-Lived Assets
We assess the impairment of tangible long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net recorded amount may not be recoverable. The following factors could trigger an impairment review: significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future cash flows, significant changes in the manner of use of the assets or the strategy for the overall business, or significant negative industry trends or legislative changes prohibiting us from offering our loan products. An impairment loss is recognized if the future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset and the estimated fair value of the asset are less than the asset's carrying value.
In addition to the assumptions associated with the determination of projected future cash flows, we consider the assessment of potential triggering events to be a critical estimate.
Software Development Costs and Cloud Computing Arrangements
Software Development Costs and Cloud Computing Arrangements
We capitalize certain costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining software for internal use and amortize the costs on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each system, typically five years.
We adopted ASU 2015-05, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement, during the first quarter of fiscal 2017 on a prospective basis for all arrangements entered into or materially modified after adoption of the ASU, and such adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We now consider whether cloud computing arrangements include a software license. In evaluating whether our arrangements include a software license, we consider whether we have the contractual right to take possession of the software at any time during the hosting period without significant penalty and whether it is feasible for us to either run the software on our own hardware or contract with another party unrelated to the vendor to host the software. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then we account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, we account for the arrangement as a service contract.
Customer Layaways
Customer Layaways
Customer layaway deposits are recorded as deferred revenue until we collect the entire related sales price and deliver the related merchandise to the customer.
Insurance Recoveries
Insurance Recoveries
We incur legal costs with respect to a variety of issues on an ongoing basis. To the extent that such costs are reimbursable under applicable insurance policies, we believe it is probable such costs will be reimbursed and such reimbursements can be reasonably estimated, we record a receivable from the insurance enterprise and a recovery of the costs in our statements of operations. All loss contingencies are recorded gross of the insured recoveries as applicable
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
We have elected not to measure at fair value any eligible items for which fair value measurement is optional. We determine the fair value of financial instruments by reference to various market data and other valuation techniques, as appropriate.
Business Combinations
Business Combinations
We allocate the total acquisition price to the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired and immediately expense transaction costs. We adopted ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805), during the second quarter of fiscal 2016 to reduce the cost and complexity of accounting for and reporting business combinations, and such adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. This ASU requires recognition of adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, with the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date.
Convertible Debt Securities
Convertible Debt Securities
In accounting for our 2.875% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 (the “2024 Convertible Notes”) at issuance, we separated the 2024 Convertible Notes into debt and equity components pursuant to the accounting standards for convertible debt instruments that may be fully or partially settled in cash upon conversion. The carrying value of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated conversion feature, including discount rates slightly above 8%. The excess of the principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes over the fair value of the liability component was recorded as a discount with a corresponding increase in additional paid-in capital. The debt discount will be accreted to “Interest expense” over the term of the 2024 Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. The amount recorded to “Additional paid-in capital” will not be remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency
Our equity investment in Cash Converters International is translated from Australian dollars into United States dollars at the exchange rates as of Cash Converters International’s balance sheet date each reporting period. The related interest in Cash Converters International’s net income is translated at the average exchange rate for each six-month period reported by Cash Converters International.
The functional currency of Mexico Pawn is the Mexican peso. The functional currency of our wholly owned foreign subsidiary in Canada is the Canadian dollar. Our foreign subsidiaries' balance sheet accounts are translated from their respective functional currencies into United States dollars at the exchange rate at the end of each quarter, and their earnings are translated into United States dollars at the average exchange rate each quarter. We present resulting translation adjustments as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.
Foreign currency transaction gains and losses not accounted for as translations as discussed above are included under “Other expense” in our consolidated statements of operations.
Operations Expense
Operations Expense
Included in “Operations” expense are costs related to operating our stores and any direct costs of support offices. These costs include labor, other direct expenses such as utilities, supplies and banking fees and indirect expenses such as store rent, building repairs and maintenance, advertising, store property taxes and insurance and regional and area management expenses
Administrative Expense
Administrative Expense
Included in “Administrative” expense are costs related to our executive and administrative offices. This includes executive and administrative salaries, wages, stock and incentive compensation, professional fees, license fees, costs related to the operation of our administrative offices such as rent, property taxes, insurance, information technology and other corporate costs.
Advertising
Advertising
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included primarily under “Operations” expense in our consolidated statements of operations.
Stock Compensation
Stock Compensation
We measure share-based compensation expense at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and recognize it as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, ratably over the vesting or service period, as applicable, of the stock award. Our policy is to recognize expense on performance-based awards ratably over the awards’ vesting period and recognize expense on awards that only have service requirements on a straight-line basis.
We adopted ASU 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. This ASU simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, calculation of the dilutive impact of awards, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. We prospectively applied the requirement to present excess tax benefits as an operating activity on the statement of cash flows. Further, we continue to estimate the number of award forfeitures in recording costs for share-based awards. The financial impact of adopting the ASU was a $0.5 million income tax benefit for excess tax benefits on vested awards which previously would have been recorded to "Additional paid-in capital" prior to adoption of the ASU.
We adopted ASU 2014-12, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period, during the second quarter of fiscal 2016 and applied the amendments prospectively to all awards granted or modified after the effective date. This ASU requires recognition of compensation costs for share-based awards with performance targets in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance targets will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the periods for which the requisite service has already been rendered.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying value of assets and liabilities and their tax basis and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the related temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized when the rate change is enacted.
We consider the earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States on the basis of estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs and our specific plans for reinvestment of those subsidiary earnings. We have not recorded a deferred tax liability related to the U.S. federal and state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes of our undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries indefinitely invested outside the U.S.
We may be subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in any or all of the jurisdictions in which we operate or have operated within a relevant period. Significant judgment is required in determining uncertain tax positions. We utilize the required two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. We consider many factors when evaluating and estimating our tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately forecast actual outcomes. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of an audit or the refinement of an estimate. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. We believe adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all periods. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as “Income tax expense” in our consolidated statements of operations, which were $0.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million during fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
We consider our assessment of the recognition of deferred tax assets as well as estimates of uncertain tax positions to be critical estimates.
Earnings per Share and Common Stock
Earnings per Share and Common Stock
We compute basic earnings per share on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. We compute diluted earnings per share on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding, including conversion features embedded in our outstanding convertible debt, during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding restricted stock awards, as well as shares issuable on conversion of our outstanding convertible debt securities and exercise of outstanding warrants. Potential common shares are required to be excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share if the assumed proceeds upon exercise or vest are greater than the cost to re-acquire the same number of shares at the average market price, and therefore the effect would be anti-dilutive. There were no participating securities outstanding during fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 requiring the application of the two-class method.
Our capital stock consists of two classes of common stock designated as Class A Non-Voting Common Stock (“Class A Common Stock”) and Class B Voting Common Stock (“Class B Common Stock”). The rights, preferences and privileges of the Class A and Class B Common Stock are similar except that each share of Class B Common Stock has one vote and each share of Class A Common Stock has no voting privileges, except as required by law. All Class A Common Stock is publicly held. Holders of Class B Common Stock may, individually or as a class, convert some or all of their shares into Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis. Class A Common Stock becomes voting common stock upon the conversion of all Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock. We are required to reserve the number of authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock that would be issuable upon conversion of all outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock.
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, inventory, collectability of notes receivable, loan loss allowances, long-lived and intangible assets, income taxes, contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience, observable trends and various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. We use this information to make judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from the estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Discontinued Operations
Discontinued Operations
We adopted ASU 2014-08, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360) — Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, during the first quarter of fiscal 2016. There was no impact of adopting the ASU on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We have presented our Grupo Finmart segment classified as a discontinued operation as held for sale under the ASU, and our operations discontinued prior to adoption of the ASU including our U.S. Financial Services business ("USFS") under the accounting guidance in effect before the adoption of the ASU.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718). This ASU provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted based upon guidance issued within the ASU. A reporting entity should apply the amendment to awards modified after the adoption date on a prospective basis. We do not anticipate that the adoption of the ASU will have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. This ASU requires the inclusion of restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including within interim periods. A reporting entity should apply the amendment on a retrospective basis as of the beginning of the fiscal year for which the amendments are effective. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting the on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This ASU provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including within interim periods. A reporting entity should apply the amendment on a retrospective basis as of the beginning of the fiscal year for which the amendments are effective. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting the ASU on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU requires financial assets (or groups of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, among other provisions. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A reporting entity should generally apply the amendment on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting periods in which the amendment is effective. We have not identified any impacts to our financial statements that we believe will be material as a result of the adoption of the ASU, although we continue to evaluate the impact of adoption
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires companies to generally recognize on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted based upon guidance issued within the ASU. Although we are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting the ASU on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows, we anticipate a material impact on our consolidated financial position. Additionally, we are evaluating the disclosure requirements under this ASU and are identifying and preparing to implement changes to our accounting policies, practices and controls to support adoption of the ASU and are evaluating upgrades to our third party software solution concurrently with our adoption. We believe we are following an appropriate timeline to allow for proper recognition, presentation and disclosure upon adoption of the ASU which is effective for fiscal 2020.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) to defer the effective date to December 15, 2017 for annual reporting periods beginning after that date, with early adoption permitted, but not before the original effective date of December 15, 2016. The core principle of the ASU, and the subsequently issued ASUs modifying or clarifying the ASU, is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the guidance provides that an entity should apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The new standard allows for two methods of adoption: (a) full retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or (b) modified retrospective adoption, meaning the cumulative effect of applying the new standard is recognized as an adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance.
We are evaluating the impact that will result from adopting the ASU on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. We currently anticipate adopting the ASU using the modified retrospective method. We do not believe the adoption will have an impact on our pawn service charges recognition as we do not believe such charges are within the scope of the ASU. Further, we have not identified any impacts to our financial statements that we believe will be material as a result of the adoption of the ASU for other revenue streams, although we continue to evaluate the impact of adoption. We believe we are following an appropriate timeline to allow for proper recognition, presentation and disclosure upon adoption of the ASU which is effective for fiscal 2019.