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Purchase Agreement, Controlled Equity Offering and Public Offering of Common Stock
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Purchase Agreement Controlled Equity Offering And Public Offering Of Common Stock [Abstract]  
Purchase Agreement, Controlled Equity Offering and Public Offering of Common Stock

15.

Purchase Agreement, Controlled Equity Offering and Public Offering of Common Stock

On April 28, 2017, the Company sold 24.9 million units, each consisting of one share of the Company’s Common Stock, a Series A warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock, and a Series B warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of Common Stock, at a public offering price of $1.00 per unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $24.9 million in an underwritten firm commitment public offering. Net proceeds after issuance costs were $23.2 million, assuming no exercise of the warrants. The closing of the public offering occurred on May 3, 2017.

On December 16, 2016, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (the “LPC Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, (“Lincoln Park”), pursuant to which the Company had the right to sell to Lincoln Park up to an aggregate of $25.0 million in shares of the Company’s Common Stock, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the LPC Purchase Agreement. The Company issued to Lincoln Park 345,421 shares of Common Stock as commitment shares in consideration for the LPC Purchase Agreement through April 27, 2017. Sales under the LPC Purchase Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2016 were 300,000 shares, with gross proceeds of $412,500 and net proceeds of $392,500. Sales under the LPC Purchase Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2017 were 3,972,741 shares, with gross and net proceeds of $5,304,000. Effective April 27, 2017, the Company terminated the LPC Purchase Agreement. The LPC Purchase Agreement provided the Company with an election to terminate the Purchase Agreement for any reason or for no reason by delivering a notice to Lincoln Park, and the Company did not incur any early termination penalties in connection with the termination of the LPC Purchase Agreement.

On August 31, 2017, the Company entered into an At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the “2017 Sales Agreement”) with Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (“Stifel”), as sales agent, pursuant to which the Company can sell through Stifel, from time to time, up to $50.0 million in shares of Common Stock in an at-the-market offering. The Company pays Stifel a commission of approximately 3% of the aggregate gross proceeds received from all sales of common stock under the 2017 Sales Agreement. Unless otherwise terminated earlier, the 2017 Sales Agreement continues until all shares available under the Sales Agreement have been sold.

The following table summarizes the total sales under the 2017 Sales Agreement for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

2017 Sales

Agreement

 

 

Year Ended

December 31,

2017

 

Total shares of common stock sold

 

15,998.5

 

Average price per share

$

3.13

 

Gross proceeds

$

50,000

 

Commissions earned by Stifel

$

1,500

 

Other issuance costs

$

97