Loans are either secured or unsecured based on the type of loan and the financial condition of the borrower. Repayment is generally expected from cash flow or proceeds from the sale of selected assets of the borrower. BOK Financial is exposed to risk of loss on loans due to the borrower's difficulties, which may arise from any number of factors, including problems within the respective industry or local economic conditions. Access to collateral, in the event of borrower default, is reasonably assured through adherence to applicable lending laws and through sound lending standards and credit review procedures. Accounting policies for all loans, excluding residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are as follows.

Interest is accrued at the applicable interest rate on the principal amount outstanding. Loans are placed on nonaccruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal or interest is uncertain. Internally risk graded loans are individually evaluated for nonaccruing status quarterly. Non-risk graded loans are generally placed on nonaccruing status when more than 90 days past due or within 60 days of being notified of the borrower's bankruptcy filing. Interest previously accrued but not collected is charged against interest income when the loan is placed on nonaccruing status. Accrued but not paid interest receivable is included in Receivables in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Payments on nonaccruing loans are applied to principal or recognized as interest income, according to management's judgment as to the collectability of principal. Loans may be returned to accruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest, including principal previously charged off, is probable based on improvements in the borrower's financial condition or a sustained period of performance.

Modifications of loans to existing borrowers generally consist of interest rate reductions, extension of payment terms, or a combination of these. Modifications may arise either voluntarily through negotiations with the borrower or involuntarily through court order. Payment deferrals up to six months are generally considered to be short-term modifications. Generally, principal and accrued but unpaid interest are not voluntarily forgiven. A change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance methodology.

All loans are charged off when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer supported by the paying capacity of the borrower or when the required cash flow is reduced in a modification. The charge-off amount is determined through a quarterly evaluation of available cash resources and collateral values. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated quarterly, and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans that are past due between 60 days and 180 days, based on the loan product type, are charged off. Loans to borrowers whose personal obligation has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings are charged off within 60 days of notice of the bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status.

Qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have been sold into GNMA pools. Under certain performance conditions specified in government programs, the Company may have the right, but not the obligation to repurchase loans from GNMA pools. These loans no longer qualify for sale accounting and are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We do not expect to receive all principal and interest based on the loan's contractual terms. A portion of the principal balance continues to be guaranteed; however, interest accrues at a curtailed rate as specified in the programs. The carrying value of these loans is reduced based on an estimate of the expected cash flows discounted at the original note rate plus a liquidity spread. Guaranteed loans may be modified in accordance with U.S. government agency guidelines. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified rate. Guaranteed loans may either be resold into GNMA pools after a performance period specified by the programs or foreclosed and conveyed to the guarantors.


	March 31, 2024								December 31, 2023
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Non-accrual		Total		Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Non-accrual		Total
Commercial	$	3,597,543	$	11,460,704	$	74,620	$	15,132,867	$	3,558,563	$	11,135,075	$	110,131	$	14,803,769
Commercial real estate	784,301		4,430,289		22,087		5,236,677		791,757		4,538,570		7,320		5,337,647
Loans to individuals	2,315,236		1,464,972		22,808		3,803,016		2,282,914		1,452,620		28,018		3,763,552
Total	$	6,697,080	$	17,355,965	$	119,515	$	24,172,560	$	6,633,234	$	17,126,265	$	145,469	$	23,904,968

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At March 31, 2024, outstanding commitments totaled $14.4 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the underlying loan commitment. At March 31, 2024, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $734 million.

The allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments represent the portion of the amortized cost basis of loans that we do not expect to collect over the asset's contractual life, considering past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. The appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses, including industry and product adjustments, is assessed quarterly by a senior management Allowance Committee. This review is based on an ongoing evaluation of the estimated expected credit losses in the portfolio and on unused commitments to provide financing. A well-documented methodology has been developed and is applied by an independent Credit Administration department to assure consistency across the Company.

We measure specific allowances for loans excluded from the general allowance pool by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. For a non-collateral dependent loan, the specific allowance is the amount by which the loan's amortized cost basis exceeds its net realizable value. We measure the specific allowance for collateral dependent loans as the amount by which the loan's amortized cost basis exceeds its fair value. When repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of collateral, we deduct estimated selling costs from the collateral's fair value. Generally, for real property held as collateral for loans, third-party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice serve as the basis for the fair value of real property held as collateral. These appraised values are on an "as-is" basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. We obtain updated appraisals at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. For energy loans, our internal staff of engineers generally determines collateral value of mineral rights based on projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. For real property held as collateral for other loans, third-party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice generally serve as the basis for the fair value. These appraised values are on an "as-is" basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. We obtain updated appraisals at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. Our special assets staff generally determines the value of other collateral based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. We evaluate collateral values and available cash resources quarterly. Historical statistics may be used to estimate specific allowances in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is removed from the general allowance pool near the end of a reporting period until an appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed.

General allowances estimate expected credit losses on pools of loans sharing similar risk characteristics that are expected to occur over the loan's estimated remaining life. The loan's estimated remaining life represents the contractual term adjusted for amortization, estimates of prepayments, and borrower-owned extension options. Approximately 90% of the committed dollars in the loan portfolio is risk graded loans with general allowance model inputs that include probability of default, loss given default, and exposure at default. Probability of default is based on the migration of loans from performing to nonperforming using historical life of loan analysis periods. Loss given default is based on the aggregate losses incurred, net of estimated recoveries. Exposure at default represents an estimate of the outstanding amount of credit exposure at the time a default may occur.

In estimating the expected credit losses for general allowances on performing risk-graded loans, each portfolio class is assigned relevant economic loss drivers which best explain variations in portfolio net loss rates. The probability of default estimates for each portfolio class are adjusted for current and forecasted economic conditions. The result is applied to the exposure at default and loss given default to calculate the lifetime expected credit loss estimate. Selection of relevant economic loss drivers is re-evaluated periodically and involves statistical analysis as well as management judgment. The unemployment rate factors significantly in the allowance for loan losses calculation, affecting commercial and loans to individuals segments. Other primary factors impacting the commercial portfolio include BBB corporate spreads, real gross domestic product growth rate, and energy commodity prices. The primary commercial real estate variables are vacancy rate and BBB corporate spreads. In addition to the unemployment rate, the forecast for loans to individuals is tied to a home price index. The forecasts may include regional economic factors when localized conditions diverge from national conditions.

An Economic Forecast Committee, consisting of senior management with members largely independent of the allowance process develops a twelve-month forward-looking forecast for the relevant economic loss drivers. Management develops these forecasts based on external data as well as a view of future economic conditions which may include adjustments for regional conditions. The forecast includes three economic scenarios and probability weights for each scenario. The base forecast represents management's view of the most likely outcome, while the downside forecast reflects reasonably possible worsening economic conditions, and the upside forecast projects reasonably possible improving conditions.

General allowances also consider the estimated impact of factors that are not captured in the modeled results or historical experience. These factors may increase or decrease modeled results by amounts determined by the Allowance Committee. Factors not captured in modeled results or historical experience may include for example, new lines of business, market conditions that have not been previously encountered, observed changes in credit risk that are not yet reflected in macro-economic factors, or economic conditions that impact loss given default assumptions.

The accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees that are not unconditionally cancelable by the bank. This accrual is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The appropriateness of the accrual is determined in the same manner as the allowance for loan losses, with the added consideration of commitment usage over the remaining life for those loans that the bank can not unconditionally cancel.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Loans to Individuals		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	141,232	$	94,718	$	41,173	$	277,123


Provision for loan losses	8,311		3,995		(2,346)		9,960
Loans charged off	(4,240)		(1,250)		(1,570)		(7,060)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off	964		16		620		1,600
Ending balance	$	146,267	$	97,479	$	37,877	$	281,623

Allowance for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments:
Beginning balance	$	19,762	$	27,439	$	1,776	$	48,977


Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk	(1,972)		426		(112)		(1,658)
Ending balance	$	17,790	$	27,865	$	1,664	$	47,319



	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Loans to Individuals		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	131,586	$	57,648	$	46,470	$	235,704


Provision for loan losses	6,330		10,426		(2,231)		14,525
Loans charged off	(12)		(2,208)		(1,447)		(3,667)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off	1,994		137		767		2,898
Ending balance	$	139,898	$	66,003	$	43,559	$	249,460

Allowance for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments:
Beginning balance	$	18,246	$	40,490	$	2,183	$	60,919


Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk	2,362		(279)		(59)		2,024
Ending balance	$	20,608	$	40,211	$	2,124	$	62,943


	Collectively Measured for General Allowances				Individually Measured for Specific Allowances				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	15,058,247	$	143,307	$	74,620	$	2,960	$	15,132,867	$	146,267
Commercial real estate	5,214,590		97,479		22,087		—		5,236,677		97,479

Loans to individuals	3,780,208		37,877		22,808		—		3,803,016		37,877
Total	$	24,053,045	$	278,663	$	119,515	$	2,960	$	24,172,560	$	281,623


	Collectively Measured for General Allowances				Individually Measured for Specific Allowances				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	14,693,638	$	138,540	$	110,131	$	2,692	$	14,803,769	$	141,232
Commercial real estate	5,330,327		94,718		7,320		—		5,337,647		94,718

Loans to individuals	3,735,534		41,173		28,018		—		3,763,552		41,173
Total	$	23,759,499	$	274,431	$	145,469	$	2,692	$	23,904,968	$	277,123

The Company utilizes risk grading as primary credit quality indicators as it influences the probability of default which is a key attribute in the expected credit losses calculation. Substantially all commercial as well as commercial real estate loans and certain loans to individuals are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers' ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most loans to individuals are small, homogeneous pools that are not risk-graded. The credit quality of these loans is based on past due days in accordance with regulatory guidelines.

We have included in the credit quality indicator "pass" loans that are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement and currently exhibit no factors that cause management to have doubts about the borrowers' ability to remain in compliance with the original terms of the agreement, which is consistent with the regulatory guideline of "pass". This also includes past due residential mortgages that are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government that continue to accrue interest based on criteria of the guarantors' programs.

The risk grading process identifies certain loans that have a well-defined weakness (for example, inadequate debt service coverage or liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is consistent with the regulatory guideline for "substandard". Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, these loans remain on accruing status. Non-graded loans 60 to 89 days past due are categorized as Accruing Substandard.


	Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Commercial:
Healthcare
Pass	$	165,523	$	638,346	$	924,230	$	573,778	$	382,923	$	1,095,684	$	288,056	$	14	$	4,068,554
Special Mention	—		15,000		—		1,254		—		20,027		855		—		37,136
Accruing Substandard	—		1,492		429		18,397		58,753		10,896		975		—		90,942
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		49,307		—		—		49,307
Total healthcare	165,523		654,838		924,659		593,429		441,676		1,175,914		289,886		14		4,245,939
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		502		—		—		502



Services
Pass	183,565		786,684		514,841		380,227		219,684		725,856		677,588		534		3,488,979
Special Mention	—		—		1,042		1,305		1,321		9,243		31		—		12,942
Accruing Substandard	—		—		13,380		155		341		7,204		2,351		750		24,181
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		1,487		349		—		1,483		—		3,319
Total services	183,565		786,684		529,263		383,174		221,695		742,303		681,453		1,284		3,529,421
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—



Energy
Pass	58,061		141,197		90,222		13,033		7,447		20,635		3,067,570		—		3,398,165
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		13,950		—		13,950
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,613		—		16,613
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		89		14,902		—		14,991
Total energy	58,061		141,197		90,222		13,033		7,447		20,724		3,113,035		—		3,443,719
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—



General business
Pass	285,096		845,326		383,429		215,106		134,121		378,163		1,569,156		1,945		3,812,342
Special Mention	—		6,110		8,244		8,594		—		1,602		10,611		6		35,167
Accruing Substandard	—		3,375		37,682		1,280		1,235		6,701		9,003		—		59,276
Nonaccrual	—		994		101		—		—		42		5,862		4		7,003
Total general business	285,096		855,805		429,456		224,980		135,356		386,508		1,594,632		1,955		3,913,788
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		27		1,399		—		—		158		2,154		—		3,738


Total commercial	692,245		2,438,524		1,973,600		1,214,616		806,174		2,325,449		5,679,006		3,253		15,132,867

Commercial real estate:
Pass	18,763		418,504		2,059,848		1,061,396		386,041		1,127,922		119,823		—		5,192,297
Special Mention	—		440		—		—		—		16,527		—		—		16,967
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		5,326		—		—		5,326
Nonaccrual	—		2,992		—		—		—		19,095		—		—		22,087
Total commercial real estate	18,763		421,936		2,059,848		1,061,396		386,041		1,168,870		119,823		—		5,236,677
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		1,250		—		—		1,250


	Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage
Pass	96,002		405,724		319,050		336,878		343,246		284,962		367,761		21,386		2,175,009
Special Mention	—		225		167		3		—		161		3,290		—		3,846
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		279		1		280
Nonaccrual	—		120		414		351		522		8,994		2,441		607		13,449
Total residential mortgage	96,002		406,069		319,631		337,232		343,768		294,117		373,771		21,994		2,192,584
Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		2		5		—		7



Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
Pass	—		361		3,012		2,204		3,806		120,856		—		—		130,239


Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		280		8,937		—		—		9,217
Total residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	—		361		3,012		2,204		4,086		129,793		—		—		139,456




Personal:
Pass	91,355		215,282		210,876		145,542		124,996		186,791		493,653		100		1,468,595
Special Mention	—		28		13		51		13		3		—		—		108
Accruing Substandard	—		—		24		—		1		144		1,962		—		2,131
Nonaccrual	—		31		29		12		9		12		32		17		142
Total personal	91,355		215,341		210,942		145,605		125,019		186,950		495,647		117		1,470,976
Loans charged off, year-to-date1	1,461		40		45		12		—		—		—		5		1,563



Total loans to individuals	187,357		621,771		533,585		485,041		472,873		610,860		869,418		22,111		3,803,016
Total loans	$	898,365	$	3,482,231	$	4,567,033	$	2,761,053	$	1,665,088	$	4,105,179	$	6,668,247	$	25,364	$	24,172,560


	Origination Year
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Commercial:
Healthcare
Pass	650,768		895,602		590,736		409,001		331,897		809,858		281,378		15		3,969,255
Special Mention	—		—		—		21,791		—		31,235		5		—		53,031
Accruing Substandard	—		2,128		18,508		6,911		—		10,896		975		—		39,418
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		30,290		23,129		28,110		—		—		81,529
Total healthcare	650,768		897,730		609,244		467,993		355,026		880,099		282,358		15		4,143,233


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		2,500		—		—		—		2,500
Services
Pass	900,090		526,776		401,872		228,818		106,112		643,477		730,729		595		3,538,469
Special Mention	—		1,085		1,520		1,341		534		4,522		81		—		9,083
Accruing Substandard	—		13,712		178		326		3,972		3,746		3,108		13		25,055
Nonaccrual	—		—		1,635		338		—		—		1,643		—		3,616
Total services	900,090		541,573		405,205		230,823		110,618		651,745		735,561		608		3,576,223


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		3,060		—		—		—		2,642		—		5,702
Energy
Pass	$	190,122	$	100,006	$	43,769	$	7,876	$	9,562	$	11,583	$	3,025,590	$	—	$	3,388,508
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		13,950		—		13,950
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,800		—		16,800
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		99		17,744		—		17,843
Total energy	190,122		100,006		43,769		7,876		9,562		11,682		3,074,084		—		3,437,101


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
General business
Pass	942,468		436,832		224,735		138,951		101,100		287,744		1,389,128		2,164		3,523,122
Special Mention	10,264		16,167		8,420		1,253		321		8,295		897		—		45,617
Accruing Substandard	4,401		33,194		1,716		27		—		—		31,992		—		71,330
Nonaccrual	—		1,134		—		—		—		48		5,956		5		7,143
Total general business	957,133		487,327		234,871		140,231		101,421		296,087		1,427,973		2,169		3,647,212


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		4,598		2		—		48		10		38		4,696
Total commercial	2,698,113		2,026,636		1,293,089		846,923		576,627		1,839,613		5,519,976		2,792		14,803,769

Commercial real estate:
Pass	396,891		1,941,913		1,194,759		416,647		513,555		705,092		136,095		—		5,304,952
Special Mention	—		476		—		—		—		19,171		—		—		19,647
Accruing Substandard	2,992		—		3		—		—		2,733		—		—		5,728
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		7,170		150		—		—		7,320
Total commercial real estate	399,883		1,942,389		1,194,762		416,647		520,725		727,146		136,095		—		5,337,647


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		—		—		—		8,446		—		—		8,446


	Origination Year
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage
Pass	426,089		320,733		342,927		349,742		54,801		243,356		375,739		23,895		2,137,282
Special Mention	157		140		131		1,361		18		134		2,982		93		5,016
Accruing Substandard	—		150		—		—		37		49		50		—		286
Nonaccrual	79		1,419		237		544		344		12,381		2,387		665		18,056
Total residential mortgage	426,325		322,442		343,295		351,647		55,200		255,920		381,158		24,653		2,160,640


Loans charged off, year-to-date	—		—		51		4		—		17		—		1		73
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
Pass	633		1,788		2,220		4,297		6,441		124,719		—		—		140,098


Nonaccrual	—		—		—		280		375		9,054		—		—		9,709
Total residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	633		1,788		2,220		4,577		6,816		133,773		—		—		149,807



Personal:
Pass	218,401		229,580		149,291		136,215		75,348		137,629		503,841		145		1,450,450
Special Mention	66		39		106		30		8		—		1,918		3		2,170
Accruing Substandard	—		64		12		9		144		—		3		—		232
Nonaccrual	4		51		9		16		3		12		158		—		253
Total personal	218,471		229,734		149,418		136,270		75,503		137,641		505,920		148		1,453,105


Loans charged off, year-to-date1	5,636		82		96		43		—		10		6		26		5,899
Total loans to individuals	645,429		553,964		494,933		492,494		137,519		527,334		887,078		24,801		3,763,552
Total loans	$	3,743,425	$	4,522,989	$	2,982,784	$	1,756,064	$	1,234,871	$	3,094,093	$	6,543,149	$	27,593	$	23,904,968


	As of March 31, 2024
	Total		With No Allowance		With Allowance		Related Allowance
Commercial:
Healthcare	$	49,307	$	9,668	$	39,639	$	2,100
Services	3,319		1,542		1,777		460
Energy	14,991		14,991		—		—
General business	7,003		6,362		641		400
Total commercial	74,620		32,563		42,057		2,960

Commercial real estate	22,087		22,087		—		—

Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage	13,449		13,449		—		—
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	9,217		9,217		—		—
Personal	142		142		—		—
Total loans to individuals	22,808		22,808		—		—

Total	$	119,515	$	77,458	$	42,057	$	2,960


	As of December 31, 2023
	Total		With No Allowance		With Allowance		Related Allowance
Commercial:
Healthcare	$	81,529	$	40,372	$	41,157	$	1,478
Services	3,616		1,684		1,932		1,214
Energy	17,843		17,843		—		—
General business	7,143		7,143		—		—
Total commercial	110,131		67,042		43,089		2,692

Commercial real estate	7,320		7,320		—		—

Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage	18,056		18,056		—		—
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	9,709		9,709		—		—
Personal	253		253		—		—
Total loans to individuals	28,018		28,018		—		—

Total	$	145,469	$	102,380	$	43,089	$	2,692

At March 31, 2024 the Company had $52 million of loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, including $47 million of healthcare loans. Modifications generally consist of interest rate reductions, an other than insignificant payment delay, term extension or a combination. Approximately $51 million of the modifications are term extensions of healthcare, services and general business loans, and $1.8 million are combination modifications to loans to individuals. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, $4.2 million of residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that were modified in the previous twelve months defaulted. A payment default is defined as being 30 or more days past due after modification.

At March 31, 2023, the Company had $35 million of loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, including $26 million of healthcare loans and $8.4 million of residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, with the entirety of these modifications being combination modifications. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, $511 thousand of residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies were modified and subsequently defaulted.


			Past Due								Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing
	Current		30 to 59 Days		60 to 89 Days		90 Days or More		Total
Commercial:
Healthcare	$	4,206,313	$	—	$	—	$	39,626	$	4,245,939	$	—
Services	3,528,567		485		20		349		3,529,421		—
Energy	3,443,719		—		—		—		3,443,719		—
General business	3,905,270		2,054		209		6,255		3,913,788		—
Total commercial	15,083,869		2,539		229		46,230		15,132,867		—

Commercial real estate	5,214,737		11,800		—		10,140		5,236,677		—

Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage	2,183,027		7,139		737		1,681		2,192,584		—
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	55,886		22,873		15,080		45,617		139,456		41,364
Personal	1,469,874		1,055		24		23		1,470,976		—
Total loans to individuals	3,708,787		31,067		15,841		47,321		3,803,016		41,364

Total	$	24,007,393	$	45,406	$	16,070	$	103,691	$	24,172,560	$	41,364


			Past Due								Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing
	Current		30 to 59 Days		60 to 89 Days		90 Days or More		Total
Commercial:
Healthcare	$	4,071,336	$	18,019	$	30,290	$	23,588	$	4,143,233	$	—
Services	3,575,787		2		—		434		3,576,223		—
Energy	3,437,101		—		—		—		3,437,101		—
General business	3,639,775		412		1,157		5,868		3,647,212		—
Total commercial	14,723,999		18,433		31,447		29,890		14,803,769		—

Commercial real estate	5,327,481		2,992		—		7,174		5,337,647		3



Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage	2,149,927		6,340		1,494		2,879		2,160,640		36
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	54,122		25,085		17,053		53,547		149,807		48,201
Personal	1,450,302		2,561		88		154		1,453,105		131
Total loans to individuals	3,654,351		33,986		18,635		56,580		3,763,552		48,368

Total	$	23,705,831	$	55,411	$	50,082	$	93,644	$	23,904,968	$	48,371