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Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Loans Receivable, Net [Abstract]  
Loans [Text Block]
(4) Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses

The portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands):

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Fixed
Rate
 
Variable
Rate
 
Non-accrual
 
Total
 
Fixed
Rate
 
Variable
Rate
 
Non-accrual
 
Total
Commercial
 
$
1,850,548

 
$
8,325,559

 
$
76,424

 
$
10,252,531

 
$
1,736,976

 
$
7,345,167

 
$
13,527

 
$
9,095,670

Commercial real estate
 
627,678

 
2,622,354

 
9,001

 
3,259,033

 
721,513

 
1,988,080

 
18,557

 
2,728,150

Residential mortgage
 
1,598,992

 
216,661

 
61,240

 
1,876,893

 
1,698,620

 
202,771

 
48,121

 
1,949,512

Personal
 
91,816

 
460,418

 
463

 
552,697

 
102,865

 
331,274

 
566

 
434,705

Total
 
$
4,169,034

 
$
11,624,992

 
$
147,128

 
$
15,941,154

 
$
4,259,974

 
$
9,867,292

 
$
80,771

 
$
14,208,037

Accruing loans past due (90 days)1
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
1,207

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
125

Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
7,432

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
8,170

1 
Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

At December 31, 2015, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $5.3 billion or 33% of the total loan portfolio. Loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.9 billion or 24% of our total loan portfolio. Loans for which the collateral location is not relevant, such as unsecured loans and reserve-based energy loans, are distributed by the borrower’s primary operating location. These geographic concentrations subject the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas. At December 31, 2014, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $4.9 billion or 34% of the loan portfolio and loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.4 billion or 24% of the loan portfolio.

Commercial

Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten individually and represent on-going relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts receivable, operating equipment, interest in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the customer’s business. Inherent lending risk is centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies.

At December 31, 2015, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $3.5 billion or 34% of the commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $2.5 billion or 24% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The commercial loan portfolio segment is further divided into loan classes. The energy loan class totaled $3.1 billion or 19% of total loans, including $2.5 billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. Approximately 62% of committed production loans were secured by properties primarily producing oil and 38% are secured by properties producing natural gas. The services loan class totaled $2.8 billion or 17% of total loans. Approximately $1.2 billion of loans in the services category consisted of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Businesses included in the services class include governmental, financial & insurance, religious and not-for-profit, educational and professional/technical services. The healthcare loan class totaled $1.9 billion or 12% of total loans. The healthcare loan class consists primarily of loans for the development and operation of senior housing and care facilities, including independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing. Healthcare also includes loans to hospitals and other medical service providers.

At December 31, 2014, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $3.2 billion or 36% of the commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $2.0 billion or 22% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The energy loan class totaled $2.9 billion or 20% of total loans, including $2.5 billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. At December 31, 2014, approximately 59% of committed production loans were secured by properties primarily producing oil and 41% were secured by properties producing natural gas. The services loan class totaled $2.4 billion or 17% of total loans. Approximately $1.2 billion of loans in the services category consisted of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. The healthcare loan class totaled $1.5 billion or 10% of total loans.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans are for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by borrowers for investment purposes primarily within our geographical footprint. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies.

At December 31, 2015, 30% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties primarily located in the Dallas and Houston areas of Texas. An additional 13% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties located primarily in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of Oklahoma. At December 31, 2014, 34% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties in Texas, 16% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma.

Residential Mortgage and Personal

Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the customer’s primary residence. Personal loans consist primarily of loans secured by the cash surrender value of insurance policies and marketable securities. It also includes direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, recreational and marine equipment as well as other unsecured loans. Residential mortgage and personal loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability. Residential mortgage loans retained in the Company’s portfolio are primarily composed of various mortgage programs to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and special loan programs for high net worth individuals and certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and are fully amortizing. Jumbo loans generally conform to government sponsored entity standards, except that the loan size exceeds maximums required under these standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 38%. Loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the market. Special mortgage programs include fixed and variable fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare professionals. Variable rate loans are fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust annually thereafter. 

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, residential mortgage loans included $197 million and $206 million, respectively, of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools. These loans either have been repurchased or are eligible to be repurchased by the Company when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Although payments on these loans generally are past due more than 90 days, interest continues to accrue based on the government guarantee.

Home equity loans totaled $735 million at December 31, 2015 and $774 million at December 31, 2014. At December 31, 2015, 68% of the home equity loan portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 32% of the home equity portfolio was comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 65% to amortizing term loans and 35% to revolving lines of credit. At December 31, 2014, 69% of the home equity portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 31% of the home equity loan portfolio was comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 71% to amortizing term loans and 29% to revolving lines of credit. Home equity loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 40%. The maximum loan amount available for our home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 5 year revolving period followed by 15 year term of amortizing repayments. Interest-only home equity loans may not be extended for any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year revolving term subject to an update of certain credit information.

At December 31, 2015, 37% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Oklahoma, 29% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Texas, 12% of residential mortgage are secured by properties located in New Mexico and 9% of residential mortgage are secured by properties located in Colorado. At December 31, 2014, 38% of residential mortgage loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma, 28% of residential mortgage were secured by properties in Texas 12% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in New Mexico and 10% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in Colorado.

Credit Commitments
 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At December 31, 2015, outstanding commitments totaled $8.5 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans.

The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based upon management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the underlying loan commitment. At December 31, 2015, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $508 million. Commercial letters of credit are used to facilitate customer trade transactions with the drafts being drawn when the underlying transaction is consummated. At December 31, 2015, outstanding commercial letters of credit totaled $7.9 million.

Allowances for Credit Losses

BOK Financial maintains an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. The accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees. As discussed in greater detail in Note 7, the Company also has separate accruals related to off-balance sheet credit risk related to residential mortgage loans previously sold with full or partial recourse and for residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored agencies under standard representations and warranties.

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances based on general economic conditions, concentration in loans with large balances and other relevant factors.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2015 is summarized as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Commercial
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Residential Mortgage
 
Personal
 
Nonspecific Allowance
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
90,875

 
$
42,445

 
$
23,458

 
$
4,233

 
$
28,045

 
$
189,056

Provision for loan losses
 
43,464

 
(11,189
)
 
(3,004
)
 
2,167

 
2,081

 
33,519

Loans charged off
 
(6,734
)
 
(944
)
 
(2,205
)
 
(5,288
)
 
—

 
(15,171
)
Recoveries
 
2,729

 
11,079

 
1,260

 
3,052

 
—

 
18,120

Ending balance
 
$
130,334

 
$
41,391

 
$
19,509

 
$
4,164

 
$
30,126

 
$
225,524

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
$
475

 
$
707

 
$
28

 
$
20

 
$
—

 
$
1,230

Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk
 
1,031

 
(554
)
 
2

 
2

 
—

 
481

Ending balance
 
$
1,506

 
$
153

 
$
30

 
$
22

 
$
—

 
$
1,711

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total provision for credit losses
 
$
44,495

 
$
(11,743
)
 
$
(3,002
)
 
$
2,169

 
$
2,081

 
$
34,000




The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2014 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Commercial
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Residential Mortgage
 
Personal
 
Nonspecific Allowance
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
79,180

 
$
41,573

 
$
29,465

 
$
6,965

 
$
28,213

 
$
185,396

Provision for loan losses
 
9,561

 
(4,084
)
 
(3,559
)
 
(892
)
 
(168
)
 
858

Loans charged off
 
(3,569
)
 
(2,047
)
 
(4,448
)
 
(6,168
)
 
—

 
(16,232
)
Recoveries
 
5,703

 
7,003

 
2,000

 
4,328

 
—

 
19,034

Ending balance
 
$
90,875

 
$
42,445

 
$
23,458

 
$
4,233

 
$
28,045

 
$
189,056

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
$
119

 
$
1,876

 
$
90

 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
2,088

Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk
 
356

 
(1,169
)
 
(62
)
 
17

 
—

 
(858
)
Ending balance
 
$
475

 
$
707

 
$
28

 
$
20

 
$
—

 
$
1,230

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total provision for credit losses
 
$
9,917

 
$
(5,253
)
 
$
(3,621
)
 
$
(875
)
 
$
(168
)
 
$
—



The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2013 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Commercial
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Residential Mortgage
 
Personal
 
Nonspecific Allowance
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
65,280

 
$
54,884

 
$
41,703

 
$
9,453

 
$
44,187

 
$
215,507

Provision for loan losses
 
12,747

 
(16,886
)
 
(8,043
)
 
83

 
(15,974
)
 
(28,073
)
Loans charged off
 
(6,335
)
 
(5,845
)
 
(5,753
)
 
(7,349
)
 
—

 
(25,282
)
Recoveries
 
7,488

 
9,420

 
1,558

 
4,778

 
—

 
23,244

Ending balance
 
$
79,180

 
$
41,573

 
$
29,465

 
$
6,965

 
$
28,213

 
$
185,396

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
$
475

 
$
1,353

 
$
78

 
$
9

 
$
—

 
$
1,915

Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk
 
(356
)
 
523

 
12

 
(6
)
 
—

 
173

Ending balance
 
$
119

 
$
1,876

 
$
90

 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
2,088

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total provision for credit losses
 
$
12,391

 
$
(16,363
)
 
$
(8,031
)
 
$
77

 
$
(15,974
)
 
$
(27,900
)





The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Collectively Measured
for Impairment
 
Individually Measured
for Impairment
 
Total
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related
Allowance
Commercial
 
$
10,176,107

 
$
114,027

 
$
76,424

 
$
16,307

 
$
10,252,531

 
$
130,334

Commercial real estate
 
3,250,032

 
41,373

 
9,001

 
18

 
3,259,033

 
41,391

Residential mortgage
 
1,815,653

 
19,441

 
61,240

 
68

 
1,876,893

 
19,509

Personal
 
552,234

 
4,164

 
463

 
—

 
552,697

 
4,164

Total
 
15,794,026

 
179,005

 
147,128

 
16,393

 
15,941,154

 
195,398

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonspecific allowance
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
30,126

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
15,794,026

 
$
179,005

 
$
147,128

 
$
16,393

 
$
15,941,154

 
$
225,524



The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Collectively Measured
for Impairment
 
Individually Measured
for Impairment
 
Total
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related
Allowance
Commercial
 
$
9,082,143

 
$
90,709

 
$
13,527

 
$
166

 
$
9,095,670

 
$
90,875

Commercial real estate
 
2,709,593

 
42,404

 
18,557

 
41

 
2,728,150

 
42,445

Residential mortgage
 
1,901,391

 
23,353

 
48,121

 
105

 
1,949,512

 
23,458

Personal
 
434,139

 
4,233

 
566

 
—

 
434,705

 
4,233

Total
 
14,127,266

 
160,699

 
80,771

 
312

 
14,208,037

 
161,011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonspecific allowance
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
28,045

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
14,127,266

 
$
160,699

 
$
80,771

 
$
312

 
$
14,208,037

 
$
189,056




Credit Quality Indicators

The Company utilizes loan class and risk grading as primary credit quality indicators. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans are small, homogeneous pools that are not risk graded. 

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Internally Risk Graded
 
Non-Graded
 
Total
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related
Allowance
Commercial
 
$
10,227,303

 
$
129,426

 
$
25,228

 
$
908

 
$
10,252,531

 
$
130,334

Commercial real estate
 
3,259,033

 
41,391

 
—

 
—

 
3,259,033

 
41,391

Residential mortgage
 
196,701

 
2,883

 
1,680,192

 
16,626

 
1,876,893

 
19,509

Personal
 
467,955

 
1,390

 
84,742

 
2,774

 
552,697

 
4,164

Total
 
14,150,992

 
175,090

 
1,790,162

 
20,308

 
15,941,154

 
195,398

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonspecific allowance
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
30,126

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
14,150,992

 
$
175,090

 
$
1,790,162

 
$
20,308

 
$
15,941,154

 
$
225,524

 
The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):

 
 
Internally Risk Graded
 
Non-Graded
 
Total
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related Allowance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Related
Allowance
Commercial
 
$
9,073,030

 
$
90,085

 
$
22,640

 
$
790

 
$
9,095,670

 
$
90,875

Commercial real estate
 
2,728,150

 
42,445

 
—

 
—

 
2,728,150

 
42,445

Residential mortgage
 
192,303

 
2,996

 
1,757,209

 
20,462

 
1,949,512

 
23,458

Personal
 
343,227

 
1,506

 
91,478

 
2,727

 
434,705

 
4,233

Total
 
12,336,710

 
137,032

 
1,871,327

 
23,979

 
14,208,037

 
161,011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonspecific allowance
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
28,045

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
12,336,710

 
$
137,032

 
$
1,871,327

 
$
23,979

 
$
14,208,037

 
$
189,056



Loans are considered to be performing if they are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement which is consistent with the regulatory guideline of “pass.” Performing also includes loans considered to be “other loans especially mentioned” by regulatory guidelines. Other loans especially mentioned are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement but may have a weakness that deserves management’s close attention. Performing loans also include past due residential mortgages that are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

The risk grading process identified certain criticized loans as potential problem loans. These loans have a well-defined weakness (e.g. inadequate debt service coverage or liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is consistent with the regulatory guideline for “substandard.” Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, these loans were not placed in nonaccruing status. Known information does, however, cause concern as to the borrowers’ continued compliance with current repayment terms. Nonaccruing loans represent loans for which full collection of principal and interest in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements is uncertain. This is substantially the same criteria used to determine whether a loan is impaired and includes certain loans considered “substandard” and all loans considered “doubtful” by regulatory guidelines.

The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2015 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): 
 
 
Internally Risk Graded
 
Non-Graded
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
Potential Problem
 
Nonaccruing
 
Performing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
2,906,357

 
$
129,782

 
$
61,189

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
3,097,328

Services
 
2,767,225

 
6,761

 
10,290

 
—

 
—

 
2,784,276

Healthcare
 
1,882,308

 
—

 
1,072

 
—

 
—

 
1,883,380

Wholesale/retail
 
1,412,780

 
6,365

 
2,919

 
—

 
—

 
1,422,064

Manufacturing
 
554,526

 
1,872

 
331

 
—

 
—

 
556,729

Other commercial and industrial
 
483,030

 
—

 
496

 
25,101

 
127

 
508,754

Total commercial
 
10,006,226

 
144,780

 
76,297

 
25,101

 
127

 
10,252,531

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
 
794,754

 
426

 
1,319

 
—

 
—

 
796,499

Multifamily
 
744,299

 
6,512

 
274

 
—

 
—

 
751,085

Office
 
636,501

 
555

 
651

 
—

 
—

 
637,707

Industrial
 
563,093

 
—

 
76

 
—

 
—

 
563,169

Residential construction and land development
 
155,724

 
293

 
4,409

 
—

 
—

 
160,426

Other commercial real estate
 
347,864

 
11

 
2,272

 
—

 
—

 
350,147

Total commercial real estate
 
3,242,235

 
7,797

 
9,001

 
—

 
—

 
3,259,033

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
 
192,456

 
1,932

 
2,313

 
721,964

 
26,671

 
945,336

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
175,037

 
21,900

 
196,937

Home equity
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
724,264

 
10,356

 
734,620

Total residential mortgage
 
192,456

 
1,932

 
2,313

 
1,621,265

 
58,927

 
1,876,893

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
467,811

 
14

 
130

 
84,409

 
333

 
552,697

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
13,908,728

 
$
154,523

 
$
87,741

 
$
1,730,775

 
$
59,387

 
$
15,941,154


The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): 
 
 
Internally Risk Graded
 
Non-Graded
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
Potential Problem
 
Nonaccruing
 
Performing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
2,843,093

 
$
15,919

 
$
1,416

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
2,860,428

Services
 
2,371,189

 
15,140

 
5,201

 
—

 
—

 
2,391,530

Healthcare
 
1,449,024

 
4,565

 
1,380

 
—

 
—

 
1,454,969

Wholesale/retail
 
1,427,725

 
8,141

 
4,149

 
—

 
—

 
1,440,015

Manufacturing
 
527,951

 
4,193

 
450

 
—

 
—

 
532,594

Other commercial and industrial
 
389,378

 
3,293

 
823

 
22,532

 
108

 
416,134

Total commercial
 
9,008,360

 
51,251

 
13,419

 
22,532

 
108

 
9,095,670

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
 
662,335

 
628

 
3,926

 
—

 
—

 
666,889

Multifamily
 
691,053

 
13,245

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
704,298

Office
 
411,548

 
576

 
3,420

 
—

 
—

 
415,544

Industrial
 
428,817

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
428,817

Residential construction and land development
 
127,437

 
10,855

 
5,299

 
—

 
—

 
143,591

Other commercial real estate
 
362,375

 
724

 
5,912

 
—

 
—

 
369,011

Total commercial real estate
 
2,683,565

 
26,028

 
18,557

 
—

 
—

 
2,728,150

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
 
187,520

 
1,773

 
3,010

 
745,813

 
31,835

 
969,951

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
202,238

 
3,712

 
205,950

Home equity
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
764,047

 
9,564

 
773,611

Total residential mortgage
 
187,520

 
1,773

 
3,010

 
1,712,098

 
45,111

 
1,949,512

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
343,041

 
19

 
167

 
91,079

 
399

 
434,705

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
12,222,486

 
$
79,071

 
$
35,153

 
$
1,825,709

 
$
45,618

 
$
14,208,037





Impaired Loans

Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring and all loans repurchased from GNMA pools.

A summary of impaired loans follows (in thousands):
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
Year Ended
 
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Total
 
With No
Allowance
 
With Allowance
 
Related Allowance
 
Average Recorded
Investment
 
Interest Income Recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
$
63,910

 
$
61,189

 
$
18,330

 
$
42,859

 
$
16,115

 
$
31,303

 
$
—

Services
13,449

 
10,290

 
9,657

 
633

 
148

 
7,746

 
—

Healthcare
1,352

 
1,072

 
931

 
141

 
35

 
1,226

 
—

Wholesale/retail
8,582

 
2,919

 
2,907

 
12

 
9

 
3,534

 
—

Manufacturing
665

 
331

 
331

 
—

 
—

 
391

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
8,304

 
623

 
623

 
—

 
—

 
777

 
—

Total commercial
96,262

 
76,424

 
32,779

 
43,645

 
16,307

 
44,977

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
1,923

 
1,319

 
1,319

 
—

 
—

 
2,622

 
—

Multifamily
1,192

 
274

 
274

 
—

 
—

 
137

 
—

Office
937

 
651

 
651

 
—

 
—

 
2,035

 
—

Industrial
76

 
76

 
76

 
—

 
—

 
38

 
—

Residential construction and land development
8,963

 
4,409

 
4,409

 
—

 
—

 
4,854

 
—

Other commercial real estate
8,363

 
2,272

 
2,113

 
159

 
18

 
4,092

 
—

Total commercial real estate
21,454

 
9,001

 
8,842

 
159

 
18

 
13,778

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
37,273

 
28,984

 
28,868

 
116

 
68

 
31,914

 
1,242

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1
202,984

 
196,937

 
196,937

 
—

 
—

 
196,827

 
7,814

Home equity
10,988

 
10,356

 
10,356

 
—

 
—

 
9,960

 
—

Total residential mortgage
251,245

 
236,277

 
236,161

 
116

 
68

 
238,701

 
9,056

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
489

 
463

 
463

 
—

 
—

 
515

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$
369,450

 
$
322,165

 
$
278,245

 
$
43,920

 
$
16,393

 
$
297,971

 
$
9,056

1 
All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2015, $22 million of these loans are nonaccruing and $175 million are accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

Generally, no interest income is recognized on impaired loans until all principal balances, including amounts charged-off, have been recovered.


 
As of December 31, 2014
 
Year Ended
 
 
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Total
 
With No
Allowance
 
With Allowance
 
Related Allowance
 
Average Recorded
Investment
 
Interest Income Recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
1,444

 
$
1,416

 
$
1,416

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
1,638

 
$
—

Services
 
8,068

 
5,201

 
4,487

 
714

 
157

 
5,061

 
—

Healthcare
 
2,432

 
1,380

 
1,380

 
—

 
—

 
1,483

 
—

Wholesale/retail
 
9,457

 
4,149

 
4,117

 
32

 
9

 
5,559

 
—

Manufacturing
 
737

 
450

 
450

 
—

 
—

 
521

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
 
8,604

 
931

 
931

 
—

 
—

 
881

 
—

Total commercial
 
30,742

 
13,527

 
12,781

 
746

 
166

 
15,143

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Retail
 
5,406

 
3,926

 
3,926

 
—

 
—

 
4,392

 
—

Multifamily
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3

 
—

Office
 
5,959

 
3,420

 
3,420

 
—

 
—

 
4,905

 
—

Industrial
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
126

 
—

Residential construction and land development
 
10,071

 
5,299

 
5,192

 
107

 
23

 
11,338

 
—

Other commercial real estate
 
11,954

 
5,912

 
5,739

 
173

 
18

 
8,939

 
—

Total commercial real estate
 
33,390

 
18,557

 
18,277

 
280

 
41

 
29,703

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgage
 
43,463

 
34,845

 
34,675

 
170

 
105

 
34,561

 
1,418

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1
 
212,684

 
205,950

 
205,950

 
—

 
—

 
194,017

 
8,342

Home equity
 
9,767

 
9,564

 
9,564

 
—

 
—

 
8,414

 
—

Total residential mortgage
 
265,914

 
250,359

 
250,189

 
170

 
105

 
236,992

 
9,760

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
584

 
566

 
566

 
—

 
—

 
893

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
330,630

 
$
283,009

 
$
281,813

 
$
1,196

 
$
312

 
$
282,731

 
$
9,760

1 
All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2014, $3.7 million of these loans are nonaccruing and $202 million are accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A summary of troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") by accruing status as of December 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms
 
Not
Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms
 
Specific
Allowance
 
Amounts Charged-Off During the Year Ended December 31, 2015
Nonaccruing TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
2,304

 
$
2,304

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
928

Services
 
9,027

 
8,210

 
817

 
148

 
—

Healthcare
 
673

 
673

 
—

 
—

 
—

Wholesale/retail
 
2,758

 
2,706

 
52

 
9

 
—

Manufacturing
 
282

 
282

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
 
621

 
89

 
532

 
—

 
—

Total commercial
 
15,665

 
14,264

 
1,401

 
157

 
928

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
 
1,319

 
942

 
377

 
—

 
—

Multifamily
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Office
 
165

 
165

 
—

 
—

 
—

Industrial
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Residential construction and land development
 
2,328

 
1,556

 
772

 
—

 
—

Other commercial real estate
 
920

 
478

 
442

 
—

 
—

Total commercial real estate
 
4,732

 
3,141

 
1,591

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
 
16,618

 
9,043

 
7,575

 
68

 
192

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
11,136

 
139

 
10,997

 
—

 
—

Home equity
 
5,159

 
4,218

 
941

 
—

 
80

Total residential mortgage
 
32,913

 
13,400

 
19,513

 
68

 
272

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
324

 
297

 
27

 
—

 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total nonaccruing TDRs
 
53,634

 
31,102

 
22,532

 
225

 
1,211

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accruing TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
74,050

 
23,029

 
51,021

 
—

 
—

Total residential mortgage
 
74,050

 
23,029

 
51,021

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accruing TDRs
 
74,050

 
23,029

 
51,021

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total TDRs
 
$
127,684

 
$
54,131

 
$
73,553

 
$
225

 
$
1,211


A summary of troubled debt restructurings by accruing status as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
As of December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms
 
Not
Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms
 
Specific
Allowance
 
Amounts Charged-off During the Year Ended December 31, 2014
Nonaccruing TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Services
 
1,666

 
706

 
960

 
148

 
—

Healthcare
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Wholesale/retail
 
3,381

 
3,284

 
97

 
9

 
—

Manufacturing
 
340

 
340

 
—

 
—

 
3,000

Other commercial and industrial
 
674

 
93

 
581

 
—

 
—

Total commercial
 
6,061

 
4,423

 
1,638

 
157

 
3,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Retail
 
3,600

 
2,432

 
1,168

 
—

 
—

Multifamily
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Office
 
2,324

 
—

 
2,324

 
—

 
—

Industrial
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Residential construction and land development
 
3,140

 
641

 
2,499

 
23

 
1,597

Other commercial real estate
 
1,647

 
1,647

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total commercial real estate
 
10,711

 
4,720

 
5,991

 
23

 
1,597

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Permanent mortgage
 
16,393

 
11,134

 
5,259

 
105

 
262

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
1,597

 
179

 
1,418

 
—

 
—

Home equity
 
5,184

 
3,736

 
1,448

 
—

 
247

Total residential mortgage
 
23,174

 
15,049

 
8,125

 
105

 
509

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
419

 
253

 
166

 
—

 
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total nonaccuring TDRs
 
40,365

 
24,445

 
15,920

 
285

 
5,107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accruing TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
73,985

 
17,274

 
56,711

 
—

 
—

Total residential mortgage
 
73,985

 
17,274

 
56,711

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accruing TDRs
 
73,985

 
17,274

 
56,711

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total TDRs
 
$
114,350

 
$
41,719

 
$
72,631

 
$
285

 
$
5,107


Troubled debt restructurings generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed borrowers. The following table details the recorded balance of loans at December 31, 2015 by class that were restructured during the year ended December 31, 2015 by primary type of concession (in thousands):

 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
 
Payment Stream
 
Combination & Other
 
Total
 
Interest Rate
 
Payment Stream
 
Combination & Other
 
Total
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
2,304

 
$
2,304

 
$
2,304

Services
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
7,577

 
7,577

 
7,577

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
—

 
673

 
—

 
—

 
673

 
673

Wholesale/retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Manufacturing
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
57

 
57

 
57

Total commercial
—

 
—

 
—

 
673

 
—

 
9,938

 
10,611

 
10,611

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

Retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Multifamily
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Office
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Industrial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Residential construction and land development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
329

 
—

 
329

 
329

Other commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
329

 
—

 
329

 
329

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgage
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,004

 
1,051

 
4,055

 
4,055

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
17,717

 
10,384

 
28,101

 
—

 
1,264

 
1,837

 
3,101

 
31,202

Home equity
—

 
—

 
—

 
57

 
181

 
1,870

 
2,108

 
2,108

Total residential mortgage
17,717

 
10,384

 
28,101

 
57

 
4,449

 
4,758

 
9,264

 
37,365

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
115

 
115

 
115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$
17,717

 
$
10,384

 
$
28,101

 
$
730

 
$
4,778

 
$
14,811

 
$
20,319

 
$
48,420


The following table details the recorded balance of loans by class that were restructured during the year ended December 31, 2014 by primary type of concession (in thousands):

 
Year Ended December 31, 2014
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
 
Payment Stream
 
Combination & Other
 
Total
 
Interest Rate
 
Payment Stream
 
Combination & Other
 
Total
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Services
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Wholesale/retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,261

 
—

 
3,261

 
3,261

Manufacturing
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
396

 
81

 
477

 
477

Total commercial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,657

 
81

 
3,738

 
3,738

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Multifamily
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Office
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Industrial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Residential construction and land development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgage
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
586

 
3,538

 
4,124

 
4,124

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
15,386

 
17,293

 
32,679

 
—

 
—

 
1,059

 
1,059

 
33,738

Home equity
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,534

 
2,534

 
2,534

Total residential mortgage
15,386

 
17,293

 
32,679

 
—

 
586

 
7,131

 
7,717

 
40,396

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
76

 
76

 
76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$
15,386

 
$
17,293

 
$
32,679

 
$
—

 
$
4,243

 
$
7,288

 
$
11,531

 
$
44,210


The following table summarizes, by loan class, the recorded investment at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively of loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively (in thousands):

 
Year Ended
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Services
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Wholesale/retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Manufacturing
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial and industrial
—

 
38

 
38

 
—

 
13

 
13

Total commercial
—

 
38

 
38

 
—

 
13

 
13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Multifamily
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Office
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Industrial
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Residential construction and land development
—

 
329

 
329

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total commercial real estate
—

 
329

 
329

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent mortgage
—

 
3,034

 
3,034

 
—

 
2,836

 
2,836

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
27,223

 
3,101

 
30,324

 
29,585

 
1,047

 
30,632

Home equity
—

 
524

 
524

 
—

 
1,101

 
1,101

Total residential mortgage
27,223

 
6,659

 
33,882

 
29,585

 
4,984

 
34,569

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
—

 
13

 
13

 
—

 
25

 
25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$
27,223

 
$
7,039

 
$
34,262

 
$
29,585

 
$
5,022

 
$
34,607


A payment default is defined as being 30 days or more past due. The table above includes loans that experienced a payment default during the period, but may be performing in accordance with the modified terms as of the balance sheet date.


Nonaccrual & Past Due Loans

Past due status for all loan classes is based on the actual number of days since the last payment was due according to the contractual terms of the loans.

A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
30 to 89
Days
 
90 Days
or More
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
3,033,504

 
$
2,635

 
$
—

 
$
61,189

 
$
3,097,328

Services
 
2,769,895

 
4,091

 
—

 
10,290

 
2,784,276

Healthcare
 
1,879,873

 
2,435

 
—

 
1,072

 
1,883,380

Wholesale/retail
 
1,418,396

 
49

 
700

 
2,919

 
1,422,064

Manufacturing
 
556,398

 
—

 
—

 
331

 
556,729

Other commercial and industrial
 
507,929

 
100

 
102

 
623

 
508,754

Total commercial
 
10,165,995

 
9,310

 
802

 
76,424

 
10,252,531

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
 
795,180

 
—

 
—

 
1,319

 
796,499

Multifamily
 
742,697

 
8,114

 
—

 
274

 
751,085

Office
 
637,056

 
—

 
—

 
651

 
637,707

Industrial
 
563,093

 
—

 
—

 
76

 
563,169

Residential construction and land development
 
156,017

 
—

 
—

 
4,409

 
160,426

Other commercial real estate
 
347,498

 
—

 
377

 
2,272

 
350,147

Total commercial real estate
 
3,241,541

 
8,114

 
377

 
9,001

 
3,259,033

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
 
913,062

 
3,290

 
—

 
28,984

 
945,336

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
33,653

 
30,383

 
111,001

 
21,900

 
196,937

Home equity
 
721,149

 
3,095

 
20

 
10,356

 
734,620

Total residential mortgage
 
1,667,864

 
36,768

 
111,021

 
61,240

 
1,876,893

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
551,533

 
693

 
8

 
463

 
552,697

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
15,626,933

 
$
54,885

 
$
112,208

 
$
147,128

 
$
15,941,154


A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
30 to 89
Days
 
90 Days
or More
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
$
2,857,082

 
$
1,930

 
$
—

 
$
1,416

 
$
2,860,428

Services
 
2,385,193

 
1,136

 
—

 
5,201

 
2,391,530

Healthcare
 
1,453,409

 
180

 
—

 
1,380

 
1,454,969

Wholesale/retail
 
1,435,866

 
—

 
—

 
4,149

 
1,440,015

Manufacturing
 
532,144

 
—

 
—

 
450

 
532,594

Other commercial and industrial
 
415,030

 
173

 
—

 
931

 
416,134

Total commercial
 
9,078,724

 
3,419

 
—

 
13,527

 
9,095,670

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Retail
 
662,963

 
—

 
—

 
3,926

 
666,889

Multifamily
 
704,298

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
704,298

Office
 
412,124

 
—

 
—

 
3,420

 
415,544

Industrial
 
428,817

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
428,817

Residential construction and land development
 
133,642

 
4,650

 
—

 
5,299

 
143,591

Other commercial real estate
 
362,529

 
570

 
—

 
5,912

 
369,011

Total commercial real estate
 
2,704,373

 
5,220

 
—

 
18,557

 
2,728,150

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Permanent mortgage
 
929,090

 
5,970

 
46

 
34,845

 
969,951

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
 
26,691

 
23,558

 
151,989

 
3,712

 
205,950

Home equity
 
761,247

 
2,723

 
77

 
9,564

 
773,611

Total residential mortgage
 
1,717,028

 
32,251

 
152,112

 
48,121

 
1,949,512

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personal
 
433,590

 
547

 
2

 
566

 
434,705

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
13,933,715

 
$
41,437

 
$
152,114

 
$
80,771

 
$
14,208,037