(4) Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses

Loans

Loans are either secured or unsecured based on the type of loan and the financial condition of the borrower. Repayment is generally expected from cash flow or proceeds from the sale of selected assets of the borrower. BOK Financial is exposed to risk of loss on loans due to the borrower’s difficulties, which may arise from any number of factors, including problems within the respective industry or local economic conditions. Access to collateral, in the event of borrower default, is reasonably assured through adherence to applicable lending laws and through sound lending standards and credit review procedures. Accounting policies for all loans, excluding residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are as follows.

Interest is accrued at the applicable interest rate on the principal amount outstanding. Loans are placed on nonaccruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal or interest is uncertain. Internally risk graded loans are individually evaluated for nonaccruing status quarterly. Non-risk graded loans are generally placed on nonaccruing status when more than 90 days past due or within 60 days of being notified of the borrower's bankruptcy filing. Interest previously accrued but not collected is charged against interest income when the loan is placed on nonaccruing status. Payments on nonaccruing loans are applied to principal or recognized as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Loans may be returned to accruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest, including principal previously charged off, is probable based on improvements in the borrower’s financial condition or a sustained period of performance.

Loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties may be modified in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). All TDRs are classified as nonaccruing. Modifications generally consist of extension of payment terms or interest rate concessions and may result either voluntarily through negotiations with the borrower or involuntarily through court order. Generally, principal and accrued but unpaid interest is not voluntarily forgiven.

Performing loans may be renewed under the current collateral value, debt service ratio and other underwriting standards. Nonaccruing loans may be renewed and will remain classified as nonaccruing.

All loans are charged off when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer supported by the paying capacity of the borrower or when the required cash flow is reduced in a TDR. The charge-off amount is determined through a quarterly evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans that are past due between 60 and 180 days, based on the loan product type, are charged off. Loans to borrowers whose personal obligation has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings are charged off within 60 days of notice of the bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status.

Loan origination and commitment fees and direct loan acquisition and origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the loan or over the commitment period, as applicable.

Qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have been sold into GNMA pools. Under certain performance conditions specified in government programs, the Company may have the right, but not the obligation to repurchase loans from GNMA pools. These loans no longer qualify for sale accounting and are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Guaranteed loans are considered impaired because we do not expect to receive all principal and interest based on the loan's contractual terms. The principal balance continues to be guaranteed; however, interest accrues at a curtailed rate as specified in the programs. The carrying value of these loans is reduced based on an estimate of the expected cash flows discounted at the original note rate plus a liquidity spread. Guaranteed loans may be modified in TDRs in accordance with U.S. government agency guidelines. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified rate. Guaranteed loans may either be resold into GNMA pools after a performance period specified by the programs or foreclosed and conveyed to the guarantors.

Loans are disaggregated into portfolio segments and further disaggregated into classes. The portfolio segment is the level at which the Company develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. Classes are a further disaggregation of portfolio segments based on the risk characteristics of the loans and the Company’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risk.

Portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands):



	September 30, 2015								December 31, 2014
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Non-accrual		Total		Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Non-accrual		Total
Commercial	$	1,854,163	$	7,909,461	$	33,798	$	9,797,422	$	1,736,976	$	7,345,167	$	13,527	$	9,095,670
Commercial real estate	588,604		2,635,507		10,956		3,235,067		721,513		1,988,080		18,557		2,728,150
Residential mortgage	1,624,759		200,136		44,100		1,868,995		1,698,620		202,771		48,121		1,949,512
Personal	100,615		364,848		494		465,957		102,865		331,274		566		434,705
Total	$	4,168,141	$	11,109,952	$	89,348	$	15,367,441	$	4,259,974	$	9,867,292	$	80,771	$	14,208,037
Accruing loans past due (90 days)¹							$	101							$	125



	September 30, 2014
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Non-accrual		Total
Commercial	$	1,714,251	$	6,841,383	$	16,404	$	8,572,038
Commercial real estate	757,846		1,935,693		30,660		2,724,199
Residential mortgage	1,722,864		207,892		48,907		1,979,663
Personal	106,736		300,523		580		407,839
Total	$	4,301,697	$	9,285,491	$	96,551	$	13,683,739
Accruing loans past due (90 days)¹							$	25


¹	Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government

At September 30, 2015, $5.2 billion or 34% of our total loan portfolio is to businesses and individuals attributed to the Texas market and $3.4 billion or 22% of the total loan portfolio is to businesses and individuals attributed to the Oklahoma market. These geographic concentrations subject the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas.

Commercial

Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten individually and represent on-going relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts receivable, operating equipment, interest in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the customer’s business. Inherent lending risk is centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies.

At September 30, 2015, commercial loans attributed to the Texas market totaled $3.4 billion or 35% of the commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans attributed to the Oklahoma market totaled $2.1 billion or 21% of the commercial loan portfolio segment.

The commercial loan portfolio segment is further divided into loan classes. The energy loan class totaled $2.8 billion or 18% of total loans at September 30, 2015, including $2.3 billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. Approximately 61% of committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing oil and 39% are secured by properties producing natural gas. The services loan class totaled $2.7 billion at September 30, 2015. Approximately $1.2 billion of loans in the services category consist of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Businesses included in the services class include governmental, finance and insurance, not-for-profit, educational services and loans to entities providing services for real estate and construction.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans are for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by borrowers for investment purposes primarily within our geographical footprint. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies.

At September 30, 2015, 31% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties primarily located in the Dallas and Houston areas of Texas. An additional 13% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties located primarily in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of Oklahoma.

Residential Mortgage and Personal

Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the customer’s primary residence. Personal loans consist primarily of loans secured by the cash surrender value of insurance policies and marketable securities. It also includes direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, recreational and marine equipment as well as unsecured loans. Residential mortgage and personal loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Loans may be individually underwritten or credit scored based on size and other criteria. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability. Residential mortgage loans retained in the Company’s portfolio are primarily composed of various mortgage programs to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and special loan programs for high net worth individuals and certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and are fully amortizing. Jumbo loans generally conform to government sponsored entity standards, except that the loan size exceeds maximums required under these standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 38%. Loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the market. Special mortgage programs include fixed and variable fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare professionals. Variable rate loans are fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust annually thereafter.

At September 30, 2015, residential mortgage loans included $193 million of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools. These loans either have been repurchased or are eligible to be repurchased by the Company when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Although payments on these loans generally are past due more than 90 days, interest continues to accrue based on the government guarantee.

Home equity loans totaled $739 million at September 30, 2015. Approximately, 69% of the home equity loan portfolio is comprised of first lien loans and 31% of the home equity portfolio is comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans are distributed 67% to amortizing term loans and 33% to revolving lines of credit. Home equity loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 40%. The maximum loan amount available for our home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 5 year revolving period followed by a 15 year term of amortizing repayments. Interest-only home equity loans may not be extended for any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year revolving term, subject to an update of certain credit information.

Credit Commitments

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At September 30, 2015, outstanding commitments totaled $8.3 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans.

The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based upon management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the underlying loan commitment. At September 30, 2015, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $480 million. Commercial letters of credit are used to facilitate customer trade transactions with the drafts being drawn when the underlying transaction is consummated. At September 30, 2015, outstanding commercial letters of credit totaled $7.4 million.

Allowances for Credit Losses

BOK Financial maintains an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. The accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees. As discussed in greater detail in Note 6, the Company also has separate accruals for off-balance sheet credit risk related to residential mortgage loans previously sold with full or partial recourse and for residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored agencies under standard representations and warranties.

The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses (collectively "allowance for credit losses") is assessed by management based on an on-going quarterly evaluation of the probable estimated losses inherent in the portfolio, including probable losses on both outstanding loans and unused commitments.

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances based on general economic conditions, risk concentration and related factors. There have been no material changes in the approach or techniques utilized in developing the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Loans are considered to be impaired when it becomes probable that BOK Financial will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated individually for impairment. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded based on evaluation of the borrowers' ability to repay. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans are small balance, homogeneous pools of loans that are not risk graded. Non-risk graded loans are identified as impaired based on performance status. Generally, non-risk graded loans 90 days or more past due or modified in a TDR or in bankruptcy are considered to be impaired.

Specific allowances for impaired loans are measured by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loans’ initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. Collateral value of real property is generally based on third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, less estimated selling costs. Appraised values are on an "as-is" basis and are generally not adjusted by the Company. Updated appraisals are obtained at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values have declined. Collateral value of mineral rights is generally determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash flows under current market conditions. Collateral values and available cash resources that support impaired loans are evaluated quarterly. Historical statistics may be used as a practical way to estimate impairment in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is identified as impaired at the end of a reporting period, until an updated appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed. Estimates of future cash flows and collateral values require significant judgments and may be volatile.

General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on estimated loss rates by loan class. The gross loss rate for each loan class is determined by the greater of the current gross loss rate based on the most recent twelve months or a ten-year gross loss rate. Recoveries are not directly considered in the estimation of loss rates. Recoveries generally do not follow predictable patterns and are not received until well after the charge-off date as a result of protracted legal actions. For risk graded loans, gross loss rates are adjusted for changes in risk grading. For each loan class, the current weighted average risk grade is compared to the long-term average risk grade. This comparison determines whether credit risk in each loan class is increasing or decreasing. Loss rates are adjusted upward or downward in proportion to changes in average risk grading. General allowances for unimpaired loans also consider inherent risks identified for each loan class. Inherent risks consider loss rates that most appropriately represent the current credit cycle and other factors attributable to specific loan classes which have not yet been represented in the gross loss rates or risk grading. These factors include changes in commodity prices or engineering imprecision, which may affect the value of reserves that secure our energy loan portfolio, construction risk that may affect commercial real estate loans, changes in regulations and public policy that may disproportionately impact health care loans and changes in loan products.

Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular loan or loan class. These factors include trends in the economy of our primary lending areas, concentrations in large balance loans and other relevant factors.

An accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses is included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The appropriateness of this accrual is determined in the same manner as the allowance for loan losses.

A provision for credit losses is charged against or credited to earnings in amounts necessary to maintain an appropriate allowance for credit losses. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are added to the allowance when received.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the three months ended September 30, 2015 is summarized as follows (in thousands):



	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Residential Mortgage			Personal			Nonspecific Allowance			Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	107,037		$	39,744	$	21,449		$	3,955		$	28,902		$	201,087
Provision for loan losses	4,694			180		(349		)	1,413			(1,156		)	4,782
Loans charged off	(3,497		)	—		(446		)	(1,331		)	—			(5,274		)
Recoveries	759			1,865		205			692			—			3,521
Ending balance	$	108,993		$	41,789	$	20,859		$	4,729		$	27,746		$	204,116
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	595		$	242	$	26		$	19		$	—		$	882
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses	1,873			847		(2		)	—			—			2,718
Ending balance	$	2,468		$	1,089	$	24		$	19		$	—		$	3,600

Total provision for credit losses	$	6,567		$	1,027	$	(351	)	$	1,413		$	(1,156	)	$	7,500

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 is summarized as follows (in thousands):



	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Mortgage			Personal			Nonspecific Allowance			Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	90,875		$	42,445		$	23,458		$	4,233		$	28,045		$	189,056
Provision for loan losses	20,869			(11,571		)	(1,938		)	2,069			(299		)	9,130
Loans charged off	(4,552		)	(44		)	(1,784		)	(3,940		)	—			(10,320		)
Recoveries	1,801			10,959			1,123			2,367			—			16,250
Ending balance	$	108,993		$	41,789		$	20,859		$	4,729		$	27,746		$	204,116
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	475		$	707		$	28		$	20		$	—		$	1,230
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses	1,993			382			(4		)	(1		)	—			2,370
Ending balance	$	2,468		$	1,089		$	24		$	19		$	—		$	3,600

Total provision for credit losses	$	22,862		$	(11,189	)	$	(1,942	)	$	2,068		$	(299	)	$	11,500



	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Mortgage			Personal			Nonspecific Allowance		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	87,806		$	41,252		$	27,654		$	7,029		$	26,949	$	190,690
Provision for loan losses	(1,174		)	(84		)	185			156			995		78
Loans charged off	(117		)	(145		)	(773		)	(1,603		)	—		(2,638		)
Recoveries	260			1,410			150			1,294			—		3,114
Ending balance	$	86,775		$	42,433		$	27,216		$	6,876		$	27,944	$	191,244
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	345		$	902		$	43		$	18		$	—	$	1,308
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses	(65		)	10			(19		)	(4		)	—		(78		)
Ending balance	$	280		$	912		$	24		$	14		$	—	$	1,230

Total provision for credit losses	$	(1,239	)	$	(74	)	$	166		$	152		$	995	$	—



	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Mortgage			Personal			Nonspecific Allowance			Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	79,180		$	41,573		$	29,465		$	6,965		$	28,213		$	185,396
Provision for loan losses	4,444			(4,633		)	136			1,180			(269		)	858
Loans charged off	(290		)	(365		)	(3,611		)	(4,742		)	—			(9,008		)
Recoveries	3,441			5,858			1,226			3,473			—			13,998
Ending balance	$	86,775		$	42,433		$	27,216		$	6,876		$	27,944		$	191,244
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	119		$	1,876		$	90		$	3		$	—		$	2,088
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses	161			(964		)	(66		)	11			—			(858		)
Ending balance	$	280		$	912		$	24		$	14		$	—		$	1,230

Total provision for credit losses	$	4,605		$	(5,597	)	$	70		$	1,191		$	(269	)	$	—

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at September 30, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):



	Collectively Measured for Impairment				Individually Measured for Impairment				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	9,763,624	$	104,157	$	33,798	$	4,836	$	9,797,422	$	108,993
Commercial real estate	3,224,111		41,771		10,956		18		3,235,067		41,789
Residential mortgage	1,824,896		20,762		44,099		97		1,868,995		20,859
Personal	465,463		4,729		494		—		465,957		4,729
Total	15,278,094		171,419		89,347		4,951		15,367,441		176,370

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		27,746

Total	$	15,278,094	$	171,419	$	89,347	$	4,951	$	15,367,441	$	204,116

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	Collectively Measured for Impairment				Individually Measured for Impairment				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	9,082,143	$	90,709	$	13,527	$	166	$	9,095,670	$	90,875
Commercial real estate	2,709,593		42,404		18,557		41		2,728,150		42,445
Residential mortgage	1,901,391		23,353		48,121		105		1,949,512		23,458
Personal	434,139		4,233		566		—		434,705		4,233
Total	14,127,266		160,699		80,771		312		14,208,037		161,011

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		28,045

Total	$	14,127,266	$	160,699	$	80,771	$	312	$	14,208,037	$	189,056

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at September 30, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	Collectively Measured for Impairment				Individually Measured for Impairment				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	8,555,634	$	83,609	$	16,404	$	3,166	$	8,572,038	$	86,775
Commercial real estate	2,693,539		42,358		30,660		75		2,724,199		42,433
Residential mortgage	1,930,756		27,109		48,907		107		1,979,663		27,216
Personal	407,259		6,876		580		—		407,839		6,876
Total	13,587,188		159,952		96,551		3,348		13,683,739		163,300

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		27,944

Total	$	13,587,188	$	159,952	$	96,551	$	3,348	$	13,683,739	$	191,244

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company utilizes loan class and risk grading as primary credit quality indicators. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans are small, homogeneous pools that are not risk graded.

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at September 30, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded				Non-Graded				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	9,771,003	$	108,101	$	26,419	$	892	$	9,797,422	$	108,993
Commercial real estate	3,235,067		41,789		—		—		3,235,067		41,789
Residential mortgage	190,361		2,938		1,678,634		17,921		1,868,995		20,859
Personal	380,376		1,790		85,581		2,939		465,957		4,729
Total	13,576,807		154,618		1,790,634		21,752		15,367,441		176,370

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		27,746

Total	$	13,576,807	$	154,618	$	1,790,634	$	21,752	$	15,367,441	$	204,116

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded				Non-Graded				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	9,073,030	$	90,085	$	22,640	$	790	$	9,095,670	$	90,875
Commercial real estate	2,728,150		42,445		—		—		2,728,150		42,445
Residential mortgage	192,303		2,996		1,757,209		20,462		1,949,512		23,458
Personal	343,227		1,506		91,478		2,727		434,705		4,233
Total	12,336,710		137,032		1,871,327		23,979		14,208,037		161,011

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		28,045

Total	$	12,336,710	$	137,032	$	1,871,327	$	23,979	$	14,208,037	$	189,056

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at September 30, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded				Non-Graded				Total
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
Commercial	$	8,545,949	$	85,892	$	26,089	$	883	$	8,572,038	$	86,775
Commercial real estate	2,724,199		42,433		—		—		2,724,199		42,433
Residential mortgage	200,701		4,083		1,778,962		23,133		1,979,663		27,216
Personal	314,604		3,257		93,235		3,619		407,839		6,876
Total	11,785,453		135,665		1,898,286		27,635		13,683,739		163,300

Nonspecific allowance	—		—		—		—		—		27,944

Total	$	11,785,453	$	135,665	$	1,898,286	$	27,635	$	13,683,739	$	191,244

Loans are considered to be performing if they are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement, which is consistent with the regulatory guideline of “pass.” Performing also includes loans considered to be “other loans especially mentioned” by regulatory guidelines. Other loans especially mentioned are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement but may have a weakness that deserves management’s close attention. Performing loans also include past due residential mortgages that are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

The risk grading process identified certain criticized loans as potential problem loans. These loans have a well-defined weakness (e.g. inadequate debt service coverage or liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is consistent with the regulatory guideline for “substandard.” Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, these loans were not placed in nonaccruing status. Known information does, however, cause concern as to the borrowers’ continued compliance with current repayment terms. Nonaccruing loans represent loans for which full collection of principal and interest is uncertain. This is substantially the same criteria used to determine whether a loan is impaired and includes certain loans considered “substandard” and all loans considered “doubtful” by regulatory guidelines.

The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 2015 by the risk grade categories (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded						Non-Graded
	Performing		Potential Problem		Nonaccrual		Performing		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,723,841	$	96,446	$	17,880	$	—	$	—	$	2,838,167
Services	2,687,862		8,070		10,692		—		—		2,706,624
Wholesale/retail	1,455,636		3,242		3,058		—		—		1,461,936
Manufacturing	553,418		1,907		352		—		—		555,677
Healthcare	1,740,462		—		1,218		—		—		1,741,680
Other commercial and industrial	466,397		—		522		26,343		76		493,338
Total commercial	9,627,616		109,665		33,722		26,343		76		9,797,422

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	148,392		370		4,748		—		—		153,510
Retail	767,368		433		1,648		—		—		769,449
Office	624,907		560		684		—		—		626,151
Multifamily	750,791		7,682		185		—		—		758,658
Industrial	563,795		—		76		—		—		563,871
Other commercial real estate	359,672		141		3,615		—		—		363,428
Total commercial real estate	3,214,925		9,186		10,956		—		—		3,235,067

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	186,923		918		2,520		719,163		28,140		937,664
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	—		—		—		188,827		3,885		192,712
Home equity	—		—		—		729,065		9,554		738,619
Total residential mortgage	186,923		918		2,520		1,637,055		41,579		1,868,995

Personal	380,221		15		140		85,227		354		465,957

Total	$	13,409,685	$	119,784	$	47,338	$	1,748,625	$	42,009	$	15,367,441

The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 by the risk grade categories (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded						Non-Graded
	Performing		Potential Problem		Nonaccrual		Performing		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,843,093	$	15,919	$	1,416	$	—	$	—	$	2,860,428
Services	2,371,189		15,140		5,201		—		—		2,391,530
Wholesale/retail	1,427,725		8,141		4,149		—		—		1,440,015
Manufacturing	527,951		4,193		450		—		—		532,594
Healthcare	1,449,024		4,565		1,380		—		—		1,454,969
Other commercial and industrial	389,378		3,293		823		22,532		108		416,134
Total commercial	9,008,360		51,251		13,419		22,532		108		9,095,670

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	127,437		10,855		5,299		—		—		143,591
Retail	662,335		628		3,926		—		—		666,889
Office	411,548		576		3,420		—		—		415,544
Multifamily	691,053		13,245		—		—		—		704,298
Industrial	428,817		—		—		—		—		428,817
Other commercial real estate	362,375		724		5,912		—		—		369,011
Total commercial real estate	2,683,565		26,028		18,557		—		—		2,728,150

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	187,520		1,773		3,010		745,813		31,835		969,951
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	—		—		—		202,238		3,712		205,950
Home equity	—		—		—		764,047		9,564		773,611
Total residential mortgage	187,520		1,773		3,010		1,712,098		45,111		1,949,512

Personal	343,041		19		167		91,079		399		434,705

Total	$	12,222,486	$	79,071	$	35,153	$	1,825,709	$	45,618	$	14,208,037

The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 2014 by the risk grade categories (in thousands):



	Internally Risk Graded						Non-Graded
	Performing		Potential Problem		Nonaccrual		Performing		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,519,924	$	30,267	$	1,508	$	—	$	—	$	2,551,699
Services	2,318,991		17,376		3,584		—		—		2,339,951
Wholesale/retail	1,412,199		3,406		5,502		—		—		1,421,107
Manufacturing	469,881		6,180		3,482		—		—		479,543
Healthcare	1,376,399		4,583		1,417		—		—		1,382,399
Other commercial and industrial	359,159		11,234		857		26,035		54		397,339
Total commercial	8,456,553		73,046		16,350		26,035		54		8,572,038

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	145,223		15,371		14,634		—		—		175,228
Retail	605,718		1,538		4,009		—		—		611,265
Office	434,829		581		3,499		—		—		438,909
Multifamily	725,720		14,037		—		—		—		739,757
Industrial	371,426		—		—		—		—		371,426
Other commercial real estate	377,419		1,677		8,518		—		—		387,614
Total commercial real estate	2,660,335		33,204		30,660		—		—		2,724,199

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	195,688		1,312		3,701		758,970		31,436		991,107
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	—		—		—		194,653		3,835		198,488
Home equity	—		—		—		780,133		9,935		790,068
Total residential mortgage	195,688		1,312		3,701		1,733,756		45,206		1,979,663

Personal	314,409		20		175		92,830		405		407,839

Total	$	11,626,985	$	107,582	$	50,886	$	1,852,621	$	45,665	$	13,683,739

Impaired Loans

Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in a TDR and all loans repurchased from GNMA pools.

A summary of impaired loans follows (in thousands):



	As of										For the				For the
	September 30, 2015										Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
			Recorded Investment								September 30, 2015				September 30, 2015
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Total		With No Allowance		With Allowance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial:
Energy	$	18,904	$	17,880	$	5,017	$	12,863	$	4,644	$	12,361	$	—	$	9,648	$	—
Services	13,677		10,692		10,041		651		148		10,818		—		7,946		—
Wholesale/retail	8,588		3,058		3,046		12		9		3,612		—		3,603		—
Manufacturing	675		352		352		—		—		365		—		401		—
Healthcare	1,612		1,218		1,064		154		35		1,248		—		1,299		—
Other commercial and industrial	8,277		598		598		—		—		611		—		765		—
Total commercial	51,733		33,798		20,118		13,680		4,836		29,015		—		23,662		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	9,349		4,748		4,748		—		—		7,058		—		5,023		—
Retail	2,252		1,648		1,648		—		—		2,737		—		2,787		—
Office	2,046		684		684		—		—		1,522		—		2,052		—
Multifamily	192		185		185		—		—		190		—		93		—
Industrial	76		76		76		—		—		76		—		38		—
Other real estate loans	9,650		3,615		3,452		163		18		3,965		—		4,763		—
Total commercial real estate	23,565		10,956		10,793		163		18		15,548		—		14,756		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	38,829		30,660		30,506		154		97		31,424		297		32,753		942
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies¹	198,905		192,712		192,712		—		—		193,165		1,902		198,312		6,205
Home equity	10,085		9,554		9,554		—		—		9,810		—		9,559		—
Total residential mortgage	247,819		232,926		232,772		154		97		234,399		2,199		240,624		7,147

Personal	516		494		494		—		—		522		—		530		—

Total	$	323,633	$	278,174	$	264,177	$	13,997	$	4,951	$	279,484	$	2,199	$	279,572	$	7,147


¹	All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At September 30, 2015, $3.9 million of these loans were nonaccruing and $189 million were accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

Generally, no interest income is recognized on impaired loans until all principal balances, including amounts charged-off, are recovered.

A summary of impaired loans at December 31, 2014 follows (in thousands):



			Recorded Investment
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Total		With No Allowance		With Allowance		Related Allowance
Commercial:
Energy	$	1,444	$	1,416	$	1,416	$	—	$	—
Services	8,068		5,201		4,487		714		157
Wholesale/retail	9,457		4,149		4,117		32		9
Manufacturing	737		450		450		—		—
Healthcare	2,432		1,380		1,380		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	8,604		931		931		—		—
Total commercial	30,742		13,527		12,781		746		166

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	10,071		5,299		5,192		107		23
Retail	5,406		3,926		3,926		—		—
Office	5,959		3,420		3,420		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	11,954		5,912		5,739		173		18
Total commercial real estate	33,390		18,557		18,277		280		41

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	43,463		34,845		34,675		170		105
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies¹	212,684		205,950		205,950		—		—
Home equity	9,767		9,564		9,564		—		—
Total residential mortgage	265,914		250,359		250,189		170		105

Personal	584		566		566		—		—

Total	$	330,630	$	283,009	$	281,813	$	1,196	$	312


¹	All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2014, $3.7 million of these loans were nonaccruing and $202 million were accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

A summary of impaired loans at September 30, 2014 follows (in thousands):



											For the				For the
	As of September 30, 2014										Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
			Recorded Investment								September 30, 2014				September 30, 2014
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Total		With No Allowance		With Allowance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial:
Energy	$	1,536	$	1,508	$	1,508	$	—	$	—	$	1,563	$	—	$	1,684	$	—
Services	6,400		3,584		2,851		733		157		3,626		—		4,253		—
Wholesale/retail	10,792		5,502		5,470		32		9		5,693		—		6,235		—
Manufacturing	3,754		3,482		482		3,000		3,000		3,495		—		2,037		—
Healthcare	2,451		1,417		1,417		—		—		1,420		—		1,502		—
Other commercial and industrial	8,580		911		911		—		—		956		—		871		—
Total commercial	33,513		16,404		12,639		3,765		3,166		16,753		—		16,582		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	18,953		14,634		14,490		144		57		14,890		—		16,006		—
Retail	5,425		4,009		4,009		—		—		4,104		—		4,433		—
Office	6,004		3,499		3,499		—		—		3,545		—		4,945		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		3		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		315		—		126		—
Other real estate loans	15,261		8,518		8,341		177		18		9,711		—		10,242		—
Total commercial real estate	45,643		30,660		30,339		321		75		32,565		—		35,755		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	44,396		35,137		34,962		175		107		34,045		429		34,708		1,067
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies¹	204,807		198,488		198,488		—		—		194,882		2,089		189,820		6,279
Home equity	10,031		9,935		9,935		—		—		9,688		—		8,599		—
Total residential mortgage	259,234		243,560		243,385		175		107		238,615		2,518		233,127		7,346

Personal	597		580		580		—		—		673		—		900		—

Total	$	338,987	$	291,204	$	286,943	$	4,261	$	3,348	$	288,606	$	2,518	$	286,364	$	7,346


¹	All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At September 30, 2014, $3.8 million of these loans were nonaccruing and $195 million were accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A summary of troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") by accruing status as of September 30, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):



	As of September 30, 2015								Amounts Charged Off During
	Recorded Investment		Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Not Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Specific Allowance		Three Months Ended September 30, 2015		Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2015
Nonaccruing TDRs:

Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	9,362		8,502		860		148		—		—
Wholesale/retail	2,897		2,844		53		9		—		—
Manufacturing	296		296		—		—		—		—
Healthcare	689		689		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	590		76		514		—		100		100
Total commercial	13,834		12,407		1,427		157		100		100

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	2,539		1,624		915		—		—		—
Retail	1,356		960		396		—		—		—
Office	169		169		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	1,037		584		453		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	5,101		3,337		1,764		—		—		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	16,359		9,361		6,998		97		140		142
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	1,944		140		1,804		—		—		—
Home equity	4,975		4,336		639		—		10		68
Total residential mortgage	23,278		13,837		9,441		97		150		210

Personal	365		209		156		—		—		2

Total nonaccruing TDRs	$	42,578	$	29,790	$	12,788	$	254	$	250	$	312

Accruing TDRs:
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	81,598		22,352		59,246		—		—		—

Total TDRs	$	124,176	$	52,142	$	72,034	$	254	$	250	$	312

A summary of troubled debt restructurings by accruing status as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	As of
	December 31, 2014
	Recorded Investment		Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Not Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Specific Allowance
Nonaccruing TDRs:

Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	1,666		706		960		148
Wholesale/retail	3,381		3,284		97		9
Manufacturing	340		340		—		—
Healthcare	—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	674		93		581		—
Total commercial	6,061		4,423		1,638		157

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	3,140		641		2,499		23
Retail	3,600		2,432		1,168		—
Office	2,324		—		2,324		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	1,647		1,647		—		—
Total commercial real estate	10,711		4,720		5,991		23

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	16,393		11,134		5,259		105
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	1,597		179		1,418		—
Home equity	5,184		3,736		1,448		—
Total residential mortgage	23,174		15,049		8,125		105

Personal	419		253		166		—

Total nonaccuring TDRs	$	40,365	$	24,445	$	15,920	$	285

Accruing TDRs:
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	73,985		17,274		56,711		—
Total TDRs	$	114,350	$	41,719	$	72,631	$	285

A summary of troubled debt restructurings by accruing status as of September 30, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



	As of September 30, 2014								Amounts Charged Off During
	Recorded Investment		Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Not Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms		Specific Allowance		Three Months Ended September 30, 2014		Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2014
Nonaccruing TDRs:

Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	1,714		724		990		148		—		—
Wholesale/retail	3,545		3,440		105		9		—		—
Manufacturing	3,355		355		3,000		3,000		—		—
Healthcare	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	644		48		596		—		—		—
Total commercial	9,258		4,567		4,691		3,157		—		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	8,562		264		8,298		56		—		—
Retail	3,664		2,486		1,178		—		—		—
Office	2,345		1,194		1,151		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	1,743		1,743		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	16,314		5,687		10,627		56		—		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	16,764		11,227		5,537		80		147		246
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	1,665		329		1,336		—		—		—
Home equity	4,937		3,864		1,073		—		12		58
Total residential mortgage	23,366		15,420		7,946		80		159		304

Personal	474		322		152		—		—		1

Total nonaccruing TDRs	$	49,412	$	25,996	$	23,416	$	3,293	$	159	$	305

Accruing TDRs:
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	70,459		22,998		47,461		—		—		—
Total TDRs	$	119,871	$	48,994	$	70,877	$	3,293	$	159	$	305

Troubled debt restructurings generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed borrowers. The following tables detail the recorded balance of loans at September 30, 2015 by class that were restructured during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 by primary type of concession (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2015
	Accruing							Nonaccrual								Total
		Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total		Interest Rate		Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total
Commercial:
Energy		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Wholesale/retail		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Manufacturing		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Healthcare		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Retail		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Office		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage		—		—		—		—		1,448		150		1,598		1,598
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies		5,809		3,846		9,655		—		—		—		—		9,655
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—		447		447		447
Total residential mortgage		5,809		3,846		9,655		—		1,448		597		2,045		11,700

Personal		—		—		—		—		—		18		18		18

Total		$	5,809	$	3,846	$	9,655	$	—	$	1,448	$	615	$	2,063	$	11,718



	Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2015
	Accruing						Nonaccrual								Total
	Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total		Interest Rate		Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	—		—		—		—		—		7,851		7,851		7,851
Wholesale/retail	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Manufacturing	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Healthcare	—		—		—		689		—		—		689		689
Other commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	—		—		—		689		—		7,851		8,540		8,540

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	—		—		—		—		329		—		329		329
Retail	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Office	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	—		—		—		—		329		—		329		329

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	—		—		—		—		2,150		1,125		3,275		3,275
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	15,858		10,397		26,255		—		—		843		843		27,098
Home equity	—		—		—		59		145		1,523		1,727		1,727
Total residential mortgage	15,858		10,397		26,255		59		2,295		3,491		5,845		32,100

Personal	—		—		—		—		—		104		104		104

Total	$	15,858	$	10,397	$	26,255	$	748	$	2,624	$	11,446	$	14,818	$	41,073

Troubled debt restructurings generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed borrowers. The following tables detail the recorded balance of loans by class that were restructured during three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 by primary type of concession (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2014
	Accruing						Nonaccrual						Total
	Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total		Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Wholesale/retail	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Manufacturing	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Healthcare	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Retail	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Office	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	—		—		—		196		1,018		1,214		1,214
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	3,439		12,626		16,065		—		163		163		16,228
Home equity	—		—		—		—		570		570		570
Total residential mortgage	3,439		12,626		16,065		196		1,751		1,947		18,012

Personal	—		—		—		—		20		20		20

Total	$	3,439	$	12,626	$	16,065	$	196	$	1,771	$	1,967	$	18,032



	Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2014
	Accruing						Nonaccrual						Total
	Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total		Payment Stream		Combination & Other		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Wholesale/retail	—		—		—		3,400		—		3,400		3,400
Manufacturing	—		—		—		3,000		—		3,000		3,000
Healthcare	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		22		22		22
Total commercial	—		—		—		6,400		22		6,422		6,422

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Retail	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Office	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	—		—		—		540		3,066		3,606		3,606
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	8,288		19,222		27,510		—		1,128		1,128		28,638
Home equity	—		—		—		—		1,771		1,771		1,771
Total residential mortgage	8,288		19,222		27,510		540		5,965		6,505		34,015

Personal	—		—		—		—		41		41		41

Total	$	8,288	$	19,222	$	27,510	$	6,940	$	6,028	$	12,968	$	40,478

The following table summarizes, by loan class, the recorded investment at September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, of loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respestively (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2015						Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2015
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wholesale/retail	—		—		—		—		—		—
Manufacturing	—		—		—		—		—		—
Healthcare	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	—		—		—		—		—		—

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	—		329		329		—		329		329
Retail	—		—		—		—		—		—
Office	—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	—		329		329		—		329		329

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	—		2,364		2,364		—		2,543		2,543
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	29,942		779		30,721		31,673		919		32,592
Home equity	—		398		398		—		435		435
Total residential mortgage	29,942		3,541		33,483		31,673		3,897		35,570

Personal	—		38		38		—		38		38

Total	$	29,942	$	3,908	$	33,850	$	31,673	$	4,264	$	35,937

A payment default is defined as being 30 days or more past due. The table above includes loans that experienced a payment default during the period, but may be performing in accordance with the modified terms as of the balance sheet date.



	Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2014						Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2014
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Services	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wholesale/retail	—		—		—		—		—		—
Manufacturing	—		3,000		3,000		—		3,000		3,000
Healthcare	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	—		3,000		3,000		—		3,000		3,000

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—
Retail	—		445		445		—		445		445
Office	—		—		—		—		—		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other real estate loans	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate	—		445		445		—		445		445

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	—		2,758		2,758		—		3,254		3,254
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	23,376		1,115		24,491		24,126		1,115		25,241
Home equity	—		759		759		—		777		777
Total residential mortgage	23,376		4,632		28,008		24,126		5,146		29,272

Personal	—		—		—		—		3		3

Total	$	23,376	$	8,077	$	31,453	$	24,126	$	8,594	$	32,720

Nonaccrual & Past Due Loans

Past due status for all loan classes is based on the actual number of days since the last payment was due according to the contractual terms of the loans.

A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):



			Past Due
	Current		30 to 89 Days		90 Days or More		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,813,145	$	7,142	$	—	$	17,880	$	2,838,167
Services	2,690,554		5,378		—		10,692		2,706,624
Wholesale/retail	1,458,681		197		—		3,058		1,461,936
Manufacturing	555,325		—		—		352		555,677
Healthcare	1,740,462		—		—		1,218		1,741,680
Other commercial and industrial	492,554		86		100		598		493,338
Total commercial	9,750,721		12,803		100		33,798		9,797,422

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	148,762		—		—		4,748		153,510
Retail	767,801		—		—		1,648		769,449
Office	625,250		217		—		684		626,151
Multifamily	752,055		6,418		—		185		758,658
Industrial	563,795		—		—		76		563,871
Other real estate loans	359,813		—		—		3,615		363,428
Total commercial real estate	3,217,476		6,635		—		10,956		3,235,067

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	903,685		3,318		—		30,661		937,664
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	33,046		25,776		130,005		3,885		192,712
Home equity	725,572		3,492		1		9,554		738,619
Total residential mortgage	1,662,303		32,586		130,006		44,100		1,868,995

Personal	465,218		245		—		494		465,957

Total	$	15,095,718	$	52,269	$	130,106	$	89,348	$	15,367,441

A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



			Past Due
	Current		30 to 89 Days		90 Days or More		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,857,082	$	1,930	$	—	$	1,416	$	2,860,428
Services	2,385,193		1,136		—		5,201		2,391,530
Wholesale/retail	1,435,866		—		—		4,149		1,440,015
Manufacturing	532,144		—		—		450		532,594
Healthcare	1,453,409		180		—		1,380		1,454,969
Other commercial and industrial	415,030		173		—		931		416,134
Total commercial	9,078,724		3,419		—		13,527		9,095,670

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	133,642		4,650		—		5,299		143,591
Retail	662,963		—		—		3,926		666,889
Office	412,124		—		—		3,420		415,544
Multifamily	704,298		—		—		—		704,298
Industrial	428,817		—		—		—		428,817
Other real estate loans	362,529		570		—		5,912		369,011
Total commercial real estate	2,704,373		5,220		—		18,557		2,728,150

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	929,090		5,970		46		34,845		969,951
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	26,691		23,558		151,989		3,712		205,950
Home equity	761,247		2,723		77		9,564		773,611
Total residential mortgage	1,717,028		32,251		152,112		48,121		1,949,512

Personal	433,590		547		2		566		434,705

Total	$	13,933,715	$	41,437	$	152,114	$	80,771	$	14,208,037

A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):



			Past Due
	Current		30 to 89 Days		90 Days or More		Nonaccrual		Total
Commercial:
Energy	$	2,549,441	$	750	$	—	$	1,508	$	2,551,699
Services	2,335,550		812		5		3,584		2,339,951
Wholesale/retail	1,415,072		533		—		5,502		1,421,107
Manufacturing	475,595		466		—		3,482		479,543
Healthcare	1,380,982		—		—		1,417		1,382,399
Other commercial and industrial	396,358		70		—		911		397,339
Total commercial	8,552,998		2,631		5		16,404		8,572,038

Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development	152,399		8,195		—		14,634		175,228
Retail	606,383		873		—		4,009		611,265
Office	434,160		1,250		—		3,499		438,909
Multifamily	739,757		—		—		—		739,757
Industrial	371,426		—		—		—		371,426
Other real estate loans	378,796		300		—		8,518		387,614
Total commercial real estate	2,682,921		10,618		—		30,660		2,724,199

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage	947,791		8,179		—		35,137		991,107
Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies	35,318		23,475		135,860		3,835		198,488
Home equity	778,175		1,938		20		9,935		790,068
Total residential mortgage	1,761,284		33,592		135,880		48,907		1,979,663

Personal	406,463		796		—		580		407,839

Total	$	13,403,666	$	47,637	$	135,885	$	96,551	$	13,683,739