Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business

Description of Business. Insignia Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) markets in-store advertising products, programs and services to retailers and consumer packaged goods manufacturers. The Company operates in a single reportable segment. The Company’s primary products include the Insignia Point-of-Purchase Services (POPS^®), and other retailer approved promotional services, in-store marketing solutions, and custom adhesive and non-adhesive signage materials directly to our retail customers.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue from its In-Store Signage Solutions ratably over the period of service. The Company recognizes revenue related to equipment and sign card sales at the time the products are shipped to customers. Revenue associated with maintenance agreements is recognized ratably over the life of the contract. Revenue from innovation initiatives or other retailer approved promotional services and sign solutions is recognized with a mix of over-time and point in time recognition dependent on type of service performed. Revenue that has been billed and not yet earned is reflected as deferred revenue on the balance sheet. We account for taxes collected for customers on a net basis.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, $9,393,000 and $4,846,000 was invested in an insured sweep account, respectively. The balances in cash accounts, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. Amounts held in checking accounts and in insured cash sweep accounts during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were fully insured under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Fair Value of Financial Measurements

Fair Value of Financial Measurements. Fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820-10 also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability, developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect management’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances.

The hierarchy is divided into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company records certain financial assets and liabilities at their carrying amounts that approximate fair value, based on their short-term nature. These financial assets and liabilities included cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable. The majority of the Company’s accounts receivable is due from companies in the consumer-packaged goods industry. Credit is extended based on evaluation of a customer’s financial condition and, generally, collateral is not required. Accounts receivable are due within 30-150 days and are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The Company determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company writes-off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible, and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:

December 31	2018			2017
Beginning balance	$	213,000		$	141,000
Bad debt provision		6,000			72,000
Accounts written-off		(197,000	)		-
Ending balance	$	22,000		$	213,000

Inventories

Inventories. Inventories are primarily comprised of sign cards, hardware and roll stock. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, and consists of the following:

December 31	2018		2017
Raw materials	$	80,000	$	68,000
Work-in-process		12,000		10,000
Finished goods		261,000		223,000
	$	353,000	$	301,000

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment. Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Significant additions or improvements extending asset lives are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. Internally developed software is capitalized upon completion of preliminary project stage and when it is probable the project will be completed. Expenditures are capitalized for all development activities, while expenditures related to planning, training, and maintenance are expensed. Depreciation is provided in amounts sufficient to relate the cost of assets to operations over their estimated useful lives. The straight-line method of depreciation is used for financial reporting purposes and accelerated methods are used for tax purposes. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:

Production tooling, machinery and equipment	1 - 6 years
Office furniture and fixtures	3 years
Computer equipment and software	3 - 5 years

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the remaining term of the lease or estimated life of the asset. Internally developed software is amortized over the estimated life of the asset, which is five years.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. The Company records impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amount. Impaired assets are then recorded at their estimated fair value. There were no material impairment losses during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes. Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred taxes are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of the enactment. It is the Company’s policy to provide for uncertain tax positions and the related interest and penalties based upon management’s assessment of whether a tax benefit is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense (benefit).

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation. The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based awards at fair value. Restricted stock units and awards are valued at the closing market price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the weighted average fair value of options and employee stock purchase plan rights. The determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as by assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors.

The expected lives of the options and employee stock purchase plan rights are based on evaluations of historical and expected future employee exercise behavior. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected term at grant date. Volatility is based on historical and expected future volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company has not historically issued any dividends beyond one-time dividends declared in 2011 and 2016 and does not expect to in the future. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of the grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from estimates.

Advertising Costs

Advertising Costs. Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred. Advertising expenses were approximately $207,000 and $59,000 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Net Income (Loss) per Share

Net Income (Loss) Per Share. Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average shares outstanding and excludes any dilutive effects of stock options and restricted stock units and awards. Diluted net income (loss) per share gives effect to all diluted potential common shares outstanding during the year.

Weighted average common shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:

Year ended December 31	2018		2017
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted average shares		11,776,000		11,717,000
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards		231,000		-
Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per share - weighted average shares		12,007,000		11,717,000

Options to purchase approximately 284,000 shares of common stock outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2018 were not included in the computation of common stock equivalents because their exercise prices were higher than the average fair market value of the common shares during the year. Restricted stock units of approximately 45,000 shares for the year ended December 31, 2018 are antidilutive due to the amount of weighted-average unrecognized compensation related to these grants. Due to the net loss incurred during the year ended December 31, 2017, all stock awards were anti-dilutive for this period.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncement. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605 “Revenue Recognition,” and requires entities to recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The adoption of ASU 2014-09, using the modified retrospective approach, had no significant impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, or financial position. Revenue continues to be recognized for In-Store Signage Solutions ratably over the period of service, which is typically a two-week display cycle, and for sign card sales, at the time the products are shipped to customers. Additional information and disclosures required by this new standard are contained in Note 2, “Revenue.”

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncement. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, under which lessees will recognize most leases on the balance sheet. The Company will adopt this ASU for its annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2019, and elected not to restate comparative periods in transition. The Company performed a review of the requirements of the new guidance and identified which of its leases will be within the scope of ASU 2016-02.  The Company completed its adoption plan which included a review of lease contracts, applying the new standard to the lease contracts and comparing the results to our current accounting.  As part of this plan, the Company determined no significant changes were necessary to processes and internal controls to capture new data and address changes in financial reporting. Effective for our quarter ending March 31, 2019, the Company will revise its lease accounting policy disclosures to reflect the requirements of ASU 2016-02. The Company estimates the impact of the adoption will be an increase of approximately $305,000 to both assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, with no net impact to the statements of operations or cash flows. The Company also expects additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures will be required upon adoption.