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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $216,000 and $365,000 or 25.1% and 26.9% of income before taxes, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded income tax expense (benefit) of $2,000 and $(580,000), or 0.4% and 31.3% of income or loss before taxes, respectively. The income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is comprised of federal and state income taxes. The primary differences between the Company’s September 30, 2018 and 2017 effective tax rates and the statutory federal rate are expenses related to stock-based compensation and nondeductible meals and entertainment and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, a valuation allowance was recognized as it was determined that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the full amount of its net deferred tax assets. There was no impact for income taxes related to the valuation allowance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company’s statutory federal rate decreased to 21% in 2018 from 35% in 2017 due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in 2017. The Company reassesses its effective rate each reporting period and adjusts the annual effective rate if deemed necessary, based on projected annual taxable income (loss).

 

Deferred income taxes are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of enacted tax laws. In providing for deferred taxes, we consider tax regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate, estimates of future taxable income, and available tax planning strategies. If tax regulations, operating results or the ability to implement tax-planning strategies vary, adjustment to the carrying value of deferred tax assets and liabilities may be required. Valuation allowances are recorded related to deferred tax assets based on the “more likely than not” criteria. At both December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018, the Company had a valuation allowance of approximately $108,000 as a result of certain capital losses and state net operating losses carried forward which the Company does not believe are more likely than not to be realized.

 

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits totaling $604,000 and $581,000, respectively, including interest, which relates to state nexus issues. The amount of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, that would affect the effective income tax rates of future periods is $604,000. Due to the current statute of limitations regarding the unrecognized tax benefits, the unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest is not expected to change significantly in 2018.