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Acquisitions Acquisitions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Mergers, Acquisitions and Dispositions Disclosures [Text Block] Held-for-Sale
Shady Point — In December 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to sell Shady Point, a U.S. coal-fired generating facility, for $30 million, subject to customary purchase price adjustments. The sale is subject to regulatory approval and is expected to close during the second half of 2019. As of December 31, 2018, Shady Point was classified as held-for-sale, but did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Shady Point's carrying value as of December 31, 2018 was $30 million. Excluding impairment charges, pre-tax income attributable to AES was $19 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Shady Point is reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment. See Note 20—Asset Impairment Expense for further information.
Redondo Beach — In October 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to sell land held by AES Redondo Beach, a gas-fired generating facility in California. The sale is expected to close during the first half of 2019. As of December 31, 2018, the $24 million carrying value of the land held by Redondo Beach was classified as held-for-sale. Redondo Beach is reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Dispositions
CTNG — In December 2018, AES Gener completed the sale of CTNG, an entity that holds transmission lines in Chile, for $225 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments, resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $129 million. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to its sale, CTNG was reported in the South America SBU reportable segment.
Electrica Santiago — In May 2018, AES Gener completed the sale of Electrica Santiago for total consideration of $287 million, resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $69 million after post-closing adjustments. Electrica Santiago consisted of four gas and diesel-fired generation plants in Chile. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to its sale, Electrica Santiago was reported in the South America SBU reportable segment.
Stuart and Killen — In May 2018, DPL retired the co-owned Stuart coal-fired and diesel-fired generating units, and the Killen coal-fired generating unit and combustion turbine. Prior to their retirement, Stuart and Killen were reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment. See Note 20—Asset Impairment Expense for further information.
Masinloc — In March 2018, the Company completed the sale of its entire 51% equity interest in Masinloc for cash proceeds of $1.05 billion, resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $772 million after post-closing adjustments, subject to U.S. income tax. Masinloc consisted of a coal-fired generation plant in operation, a coal-fired generation plant under construction and an energy storage facility all located in the Philippines. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to its sale, Masinloc was reported in the Eurasia SBU reportable segment.
In 2014, the Company completed the sale of 45% of its ownership interest in Masinloc for $436 million, including $23 million of consideration that was contingent upon the achievement of certain tax restructuring efficiencies. In December 2017, the related contingency expired and the $23 million of contingent consideration was recognized as a gain in Gain (loss) on disposal and sale of business interests in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
DPL peaker assets — In March 2018, DPL completed the sale of six of its combustion turbine and diesel-fired generation facilities and related assets ("DPL peaker assets") for total proceeds of $239 million, inclusive of estimated working capital and subject to customary post-closing adjustments, resulting in a loss on sale of $2 million. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to their sale, the DPL peaker assets were reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Beckjord facility — In February 2018, DPL transferred its interest in Beckjord, a coal-fired generation facility retired in 2014, including its obligations to remediate the facility and its site. The transfer resulted in cash expenditures of $15 million, inclusive of disposal charges, and a loss on disposal of $12 million. Prior to the transfer, Beckjord was reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Advancion Energy Storage — In January 2018, the Company deconsolidated the AES Advancion energy storage development business and contributed it to the Fluence joint venture, resulting in a gain on sale of $23 million. See Note 7—Investments in and Advances to Affiliates for further discussion. Prior to the transfer, the AES Advancion energy storage development business was reported as part of Corporate and Other.
Zimmer and Miami Fort — In December 2017, DPL and AES Ohio Generation completed the sale of Zimmer and Miami Fort, two coal-fired generating plants, for net proceeds of $70 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $13 million. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to their sale, Zimmer and Miami Fort were reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Kazakhstan Hydroelectric Affiliates of the Company (the “Affiliates”) previously operated Shulbinsk HPP and Ust-Kamenogorsk HPP (the “HPPs”), two hydroelectric plants in Kazakhstan, under a concession agreement with the Republic of Kazakhstan (“RoK”). In April 2017, the RoK initiated the process to transfer these plants back to the RoK. The RoK indicated that arbitration would be necessary to determine the correct Return Share Transfer Payment ("RST") and, rather than paying the Affiliates, deposited the RST into an escrow account. In exchange, the Affiliates transferred 100% of the shares in the HPPs to the RoK, under protest and with a full reservation of rights. The Company recorded a loss on disposal of $33 million in the fourth quarter of 2017. In February 2018, the Affiliates initiated the arbitration process in international court to recover at least $75 million of the RST placed in escrow, based on the September 30, 2017 RST calculation. As of December 31, 2018, the arbitration proceedings are ongoing, and additional losses are not considered probable at this time. However, additional losses may be incurred if some or all of the disputed consideration is not paid by the RoK via a mutually acceptable settlement, or upon any unfavorable decision rendered by the arbiter. The transfer did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to their transfer, the Kazakhstan HPPs were reported in the Eurasia SBU reportable segment. See Note 20Asset Impairment Expense for further information.
Kazakhstan CHPs In April 2017, the Company completed the sale of Ust-Kamenogorsk CHP and Sogrinsk CHP, its combined heating and power coal plants in Kazakhstan, for net proceeds of $24 million. The Company recognized a pre-tax loss on sale of $49 million, primarily related to cumulative translation losses. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Prior to their sale, the Kazakhstan CHP plants were reported in the Eurasia SBU reportable segment. See Note 20Asset Impairment Expense for further information.
UK Wind During 2016, the Company determined it no longer had control of its wind development projects in the United Kingdom (“UK Wind”) as the Company no longer held seats on the board of directors. In accordance with accounting guidance, UK Wind was deconsolidated and a loss on deconsolidation of $20 million was recorded to Gain (loss) on disposal and sale of business interests in the Consolidated Statement of Operations to write off the Company’s noncontrolling interest in the project. The UK Wind projects were reported in the Eurasia SBU reportable segment.
DPLER In January 2016, the Company completed the sale of DPLER, a competitive retail marketer selling electricity to customers in Ohio, and recognized a gain on sale of $49 million. Proceeds of $76 million were received in December 2015. DPLER did not meet the criteria to be reported as a discontinued operation. DPLER's results were therefore reflected within continuing operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to its sale, DPLER was reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Kelanitissa In January 2016, the Company completed the sale of its interest in Kelanitissa, a diesel-fired generation plant in Sri Lanka, for $18 million, resulting in a loss on sale of $5 million. The sale did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations. Kelanitissa's results were therefore reflected within continuing operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to its sale, Kelanitissa was reported in the Eurasia SBU reportable segment.
Jordan — In February 2016, the Company completed the sale of 40% of its interest in a wholly-owned subsidiary in Jordan that owns a controlling interest in the Jordan IPP4 gas-fired plant for $21 million. The transaction was accounted for as a sale of in-substance real estate and a pre-tax gain of $4 million, net of transaction costs, was recognized in net income. The cash proceeds from the sale are reflected in Proceeds from the sale of business interests, net of cash and restricted cash sold on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the period ended December 31, 2016. After completion of the sale, the Company has a 36% economic interest in Jordan IPP4 and continues to manage and operate the plant. As the Company maintained control after the sale, Jordan IPP4 continues to be consolidated by the Company within the Eurasia SBU reportable segment.
Excluding any impairment charge or gain/loss on sale, pre-tax income (loss) attributable to AES of disposed businesses was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Masinloc
$
9

 
$
103

 
$
103

Stuart and Killen (1)(2)
77

 
17

 

DPL peaker assets
7

 
17

 
20

Zimmer and Miami Fort

 
26

 
(14
)
Kazakhstan Hydroelectric

 
33

 
34

Kazakhstan CHPs

 
13

 
12

Other
14

 
9

 
11

Total
$
107

 
$
218

 
$
166

_____________________________
(1) 
The Company entered into contracts to buy back all open capacity years for Stuart and Killen at prices lower than the PJM capacity revenue prices. As such, the Company continues to earn capacity margin.
(2) 
Reductions in the asset retirement obligations for ash ponds and landfills at Stuart and Killen in 2018 resulted in a $32 million reduction to cost of sales. See Note 3Property, Plant and Equipment for further information.ACQUISITIONS
Distributed Energy — In December 2018, Distributed Energy acquired the outstanding noncontrolling interest in a partnership holding various solar projects from its tax equity partner for $23 million of consideration in a non-cash transaction through the assumption of debt, increasing the Company's ownership to 100%. The partnership was previously classified as an equity method investment. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition, therefore the Company remeasured the equity investment at fair value and recognized a loss of $5 million in Other expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The fair value of the investment, along with the consideration transferred, plus transaction costs, were allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their relative fair values. Distributed Energy is reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
In September 2016, Distributed Energy acquired the equity interest of various projects held by multiple partnerships for approximately $43 million. These partnerships were previously classified as equity method investments. In accordance with the accounting guidance for business combinations, the Company recorded the opening balance sheets of the acquired businesses based on the purchase price allocation as of the acquisition date.
Oahu In November 2018, AES Oahu amended a 2017 agreement to acquire 100% of Na Pua Makani Power Partners, a partnership designed to develop and hold a wind project in Hawaii. The fair value of the initial consideration was $53 million, of which $48 million was contingent on meeting predefined development milestones. The transaction was accounted for as an acquisition of a variable interest entity that did not meet the definition of a business, therefore the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their fair values, which equaled the fair value of the consideration. As a result of the amendment, the Company paid $11 million in 2018 and the contingent consideration was reduced to $5 million, resulting in a $32 million gain on remeasurement of contingent consideration recorded in Other income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. AES Oahu is reported in the US and Utilities SBU reportable segment.
Guaimbê Solar Complex — In September 2018, AES Tietê completed the acquisition of the Guaimbê Solar Complex (“Guaimbê”) from Cobra do Brasil for $152 million, subject to post-closing adjustments, comprised of the exchange of $119 million of non-convertible debentures in project financing and additional cash consideration of $33 million. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition, therefore the consideration transferred, plus transaction costs, were allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their relative fair values. Any differences arising from post-closing adjustments will be allocated accordingly. Guaimbê is reported in the South America SBU reportable segment.
Alto Sertão II — In August 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of the Alto Sertão II Wind Complex (“Alto Sertão II”) from Renova Energia S.A. for $179 million, plus the assumption of $346 million of non-recourse debt. At closing, the Company made a cash payment of $143 million, which excluded holdbacks related to indemnifications. In September 2018, an additional $12 million was paid to settle a portion of the remaining indemnification liability. In the first quarter of 2018, the Company finalized the purchase price allocation related to the acquisition of Alto Sertão II. There were no significant adjustments made to the preliminary purchase price
allocation recorded in the third quarter of 2017 when the acquisition was completed. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date were recorded at fair value, including a contingent liability for earn-out payments of $18 million, based on the final purchase price allocation at March 31, 2018. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the earn-out payments will be reflected in earnings. Alto Sertão II is reported in the South America SBU reportable segment.