As a multinational company, Schlumberger conducts its business in over 120 countries. Schlumberger’s functional currency is primarily the US dollar. Approximately 73% of Schlumberger’s revenues in 2020 were denominated in US dollars. However, outside the United States, a significant portion of Schlumberger’s expenses is incurred in foreign currencies. Therefore, when the US dollar weakens (strengthens) in relation to the foreign currencies of the countries in which Schlumberger conducts business, the US dollar–reported expenses will increase (decrease).

Schlumberger is exposed to risks on future cash flows to the extent that the local currency is not the functional currency and expenses denominated in local currency are not equal to revenues denominated in local currency. Schlumberger uses foreign currency forward contracts to provide a hedge against a portion of these cash flow risks. These contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges, with the changes in the fair value of the hedge recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Amounts recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss are reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods that the hedged item is recognized in earnings.

Schlumberger is also exposed to risks on future cash flows relating to certain of its fixed rate debt denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. Schlumberger uses cross-currency swaps to provide a hedge against these cash flow risks. Included in Other Assets was $427 million at December 31, 2020 ($41 million at December 31, 2019) and included in Other Liabilities was $13 million at December 31, 2020 ($38 million at December 31, 2019) relating to the fair value of outstanding cross-currency swap derivatives. The fair value was determined using a model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived or collaborated by observable data.

During 2019, a US-dollar functional currency subsidiary of Schlumberger issued €1.5 billion of Euro-denominated debt. Schlumberger entered into cross-currency swaps for an aggregate notional amount of €1.5 billion in order to hedge changes in the fair value of its €0.5 billion 0.00% Notes due 2024, €0.5 billion 0.25% Notes due 2027 and €0.5 billion 0.50% Notes due 2031. These cross-currency swaps effectively convert the Euro-denominated notes to US-dollar denominated debt with fixed annual interest rates of 2.29%, 2.51% and 2.76%, respectively.

During the first quarter of 2020, a US-dollar functional currency subsidiary of Schlumberger issued €0.8 billion of Euro-denominated debt. Schlumberger entered into cross-currency swaps for an aggregate notional amount of €0.8 billion in order to hedge changes in the fair value of its €0.4 billion of 0.25% Notes due 2027 and €0.4 billion of 0.50% Notes due 2031. These cross-currency swaps effectively convert the Euro-denominated notes to US-dollar denominated debt with fixed annual interest rates of 1.87% and 2.20%, respectively.

During the second quarter of 2020, a US-dollar functional currency subsidiary of Schlumberger issued €2.0 billion of Euro-denominated debt. Schlumberger entered into cross-currency swaps for an aggregate notional amount of €2.0 billion in order to hedge changes in the fair value of its €1.0 billion of 1.375% Guaranteed Notes due 2026 and €1.0 billion of 2.00% Guaranteed Notes due 2032. These cross-currency swaps effectively convert the swapped portion of the Euro-denominated notes to US-dollar denominated debt with fixed annual interest rates of 2.77% and 3.49%, respectively.

During the third quarter of 2020, a Canadian dollar functional currency subsidiary of Schlumberger issued $0.5 billion of US dollar denominated debt. Schlumberger entered into cross-currency swaps for an aggregate notional amount of $0.5 billion in order to hedge changes in the fair value of its $0.5 billion 1.40% Senior Notes due 2025. These cross-currency swaps effectively convert the US dollar notes to Canadian dollar denominated debt with a fixed annual interest rate of 1.73%.

Schlumberger is exposed to changes in the fair value of assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. While Schlumberger uses foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge this exposure as it relates to certain currencies, these contracts are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. Instead, the fair value of the contracts is recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and changes in the fair value are recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income (Loss), as are changes in the fair value of the hedged item. Transaction losses of $21 million in 2020 and transaction gains of $2 million in 2019 and $1 million in 2018 were recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income (Loss) net of related hedging activities.

At December 31, 2020, contracts were outstanding for the US dollar equivalent of $8.6 billion in various foreign currencies, of which $6.4 billion relates to hedges of debt denominated in currencies other than the functional currency.

Other than the previously mentioned cross-currency swaps, the fair value of the other outstanding derivatives was not material at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

The effect of derivative instruments designated as hedges and those not designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statement of Income (Loss) was as follows:

				(Stated in millions)

	Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income (Loss)									Consolidated Statement
	2020			2019			2018			of Income (Loss) Classification
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Cross currency swap	$	493		$	(35	)	$	55		Cost of services/sales
Foreign exchange contracts		(5	)		(10	)		(1	)	Cost of services/sales
	$	488		$	(45	)	$	54
Derivatives not designated as hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	(29	)	$	(5	)	$	40		Cost of services/sales

Schlumberger does not enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes.