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Intangible Assets
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets

7.   Intangible Assets

The gross book value, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets were as follows:

 

 

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

Sept. 30, 2018

 

 

Dec. 31, 2017

 

 

Gross

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

Net Book

 

 

Gross

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

Net Book

 

 

Book Value

 

 

Amortization

 

 

Value

 

 

Book Value

 

 

Amortization

 

 

Value

 

Customer relationships

$

4,775

 

 

$

1,187

 

 

$

3,588

 

 

$

4,832

 

 

$

1,020

 

 

$

3,812

 

Technology/technical know-how

 

3,578

 

 

 

1,197

 

 

 

2,381

 

 

 

3,634

 

 

 

1,078

 

 

 

2,556

 

Tradenames

 

2,806

 

 

 

609

 

 

 

2,197

 

 

 

2,806

 

 

 

533

 

 

 

2,273

 

Other

 

1,362

 

 

 

598

 

 

 

764

 

 

 

1,295

 

 

 

582

 

 

 

713

 

 

$

12,521

 

 

$

3,591

 

 

$

8,930

 

 

$

12,567

 

 

$

3,213

 

 

$

9,354

 

 

Amortization expense charged to income was as follows:

 

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Third Quarter

$

167

 

 

$

165

 

Nine Months

$

506

 

 

$

501

 

 

Based on the net book value of intangible assets at September 30, 2018, amortization charged to income for the subsequent five years is estimated to be: fourth quarter of 2018—$169 million; 2019—$680 million; 2020—$648 million; 2021—$617 million; 2022—$609 million; and 2023—$594 million.