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Basis of Presentation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
PetroQuest Energy, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) (“PetroQuest”) is an independent oil and gas company headquartered in Lafayette, Louisiana with exploration offices in Houston, Texas and Tulsa, Oklahoma. It is engaged in the exploration, development, acquisition and operation of oil and gas properties in Oklahoma, Wyoming and Texas as well as onshore and in the shallow waters offshore the Gulf Coast Basin.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of PetroQuest and its subsidiaries, PetroQuest Energy, L.L.C., PetroQuest Oil & Gas, L.L.C, Pittrans, Inc. and TDC Energy LLC (collectively, the "Company"). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Oil and Gas Properties
The Company utilizes the full cost method of accounting, which involves capitalizing all acquisition, exploration and development costs incurred for the purpose of finding oil and gas reserves including the costs of drilling and equipping productive wells, dry hole costs, lease acquisition costs and delay rentals. The Company also capitalizes the portion of general and administrative costs that can be directly identified with acquisition, exploration or development of oil and gas properties. Unevaluated property costs are transferred to evaluated property costs at such time as wells are completed on the properties, the properties are sold, or management determines these costs to have been impaired. Interest is capitalized on unevaluated property costs. Transactions involving sales of reserves in place, unless significant, are recorded as adjustments to accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization with no gain or loss recognized.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of oil and gas properties is computed using the unit-of-production method based on estimated proved reserves. All costs associated with evaluated oil and gas properties, including an estimate of future development costs associated therewith, are included in the depreciable base. The costs of investments in unevaluated properties are excluded from this calculation until the related properties are evaluated, proved reserves are established or the properties are determined to be impaired. Proved oil and gas reserves are estimated annually by independent petroleum engineers.
The capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties cannot exceed the present value of the estimated net future cash flows from proved reserves based on historical first of the month average twelve-month oil, gas and natural gas liquid prices, including the effect of hedges in place (the full cost ceiling). If the capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties exceed the full cost ceiling, the Company is required to write-down the value of its oil and gas properties to the full cost ceiling amount. The Company follows the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 106, regarding the application of ASC Topic 410-20 by companies following the full cost accounting method. SAB No. 106 indicates that estimated future dismantlement and abandonment costs that are recorded on the balance sheet are to be included in the costs subject to the full cost ceiling limitation. The estimated future cash outflows associated with settling the recorded asset retirement obligations should be excluded from the computation of the present value of estimated future net revenues used in applying the ceiling test.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a stated maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are in overnight securities made through its commercial bank accounts, which result in available funds the next business day.
Accounts Receivable
In its capacity as operator, the Company incurs drilling and operating costs that are billed to its partners based on their respective working interests. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had $0.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, recorded related to an allowance for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2012, $9.2 million was recorded as an other receivable relative to net proceeds from the sale of the Company's non-operated Arkansas assets, which were collected in January 2013.
Other Property and Equipment
During 2006, the Company acquired an interest in a gas gathering system used in the transportation of natural gas. The costs related to this system are depreciated on a straight line basis over the estimated remaining useful life, generally 14 years. During 2012, the Company acquired well service equipment to be used on its oil and gas related activities. The costs related to these assets and other furniture and fixtures are depreciated on a straight line basis over estimated useful lives ranging from 3-8 years. During 2012, a field office servicing the Company's Oklahoma assets was built and is being depreciated over 39 years.
Other Assets
Other assets includes deferred financing costs, which are amortized over the life of the related debt, and the long-term portion of a severance tax receivable from the state of Oklahoma, which is payable over the next 2.5 years.
Drilling Pipe Inventory
Drilling pipe inventory, which is included in current assets, consists of tubular goods and pipe that the Company either utilizes in its ongoing exploration and development activities or has available for sale. The cost basis of drilling pipe inventory to be utilized is depreciated as a component of oil and gas properties once the inventory is used in drilling or other capitalized operations.
Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011 included $5.7 million and $7.0 million, respectively, related to accrued incentive compensation costs.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740. Provisions for income taxes include deferred taxes resulting primarily from temporary differences due to different reporting methods for oil and gas properties for financial reporting purposes and income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, all exploratory and development expenditures are capitalized and depreciated, depleted and amortized on the unit-of-production method. For income tax purposes, only the equipment and leasehold costs relative to successful wells are capitalized and recovered through depreciation or depletion. Generally, most other exploratory and development costs are charged to expense as incurred; however, the Company may use certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code which allow capitalization of intangible drilling costs. Other financial and income tax reporting differences occur primarily as a result of statutory depletion. Deferred tax assets are assessed for realizabilty and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of the asset for which it is more likely than not will not be realized.
Revenue Recognition
The Company records natural gas and oil revenue under the sales method of accounting. Under the sales method, the Company recognizes revenues based on the amount of natural gas or oil sold to purchasers, which may differ from the amounts to which the Company is entitled based on its interest in the properties. Gas balancing obligations as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were not significant.
Certain Concentrations
The Company’s production is sold on month to month contracts at prevailing prices. The Company attempts to diversify its sales among multiple purchasers and obtain credit protection such as letters of credit and parental guarantees when necessary.
The following table identifies customers from whom the Company derived 10% or more of its net oil and gas revenues during the years presented. Based on the availability of other customers, the Company does not believe the loss of any of these customers would have a significant effect on its business or financial condition.
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2012
2011
2010
Shell Trading Co.
 
30
%
18
%
19
%
Laclede Energy
 
17
%
20
%
17
%
JP Morgan Ventures Energy
 
12
%
(a)

(a)

Texon LP
 
(a)

15
%
17
%
Gary Williams
 
(a)

11
%
10
%
 
(a)
Less than 10 percent
Derivative Instruments
Under ASC Topic 815, the nature of a derivative instrument must be evaluated to determine if it qualifies for hedge accounting treatment. Instruments qualifying for hedge accounting treatment are recorded as an asset or liability measured at fair value and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in stockholders’ equity through other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes, to the extent the hedge is effective. If a hedge becomes ineffective because the hedged production does not occur, or the hedge otherwise does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the cash settlements and changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the income statement as derivative income (expense). The Company does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments. The cash settlements of effective hedges are recorded as adjustments to oil and gas sales. Oil and gas revenues include additions related to the net settlement of hedges totaling $9.1 million, $2.4 million and $17.5 million during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company’s hedges are specifically referenced to NYMEX prices for oil and natural gas. The effectiveness of hedges is evaluated at the time the contracts are entered into, as well as periodically over the life of the contracts, by analyzing the correlation between NYMEX prices and the posted prices received from the designated production. Through this analysis, the Company is able to determine if a high correlation exists between the prices received for its designated production and the NYMEX prices at which the hedges will be settled. At December 31, 2012, the Company’s derivative instruments, with the exception of a three-way collar contract for 2013 natural gas production, were designated effective cash flow hedges. See Note 7 for further discussion of the Company’s derivative instruments.