We are exposed to various market risks relating to our ongoing business operations. The primary market risks, which are managed using derivative instruments, are foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk. In certain circumstances, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts (“forward contracts”) and cross-currency swaps to reduce the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates on our cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our long-term debt obligations. We have historically managed interest rate risk through the use of a combination of fixed and variable rate borrowings.

We use cross-currency swaps, forward contracts and a portion of our foreign currency denominated debt, a non-derivative financial instrument, to protect the value of our net investments in certain of our foreign subsidiaries. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of our net investments in foreign operations, the changes in fair values of the derivative instruments are recognized in foreign currency translation, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”), to offset the changes in the values of the net investments being hedged. For non-derivative financial instruments that are designated and qualify as

hedges of net investments in foreign operations, the change in the carrying value of the designated portion of the non-derivative financial instrument due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates is recorded in foreign currency translation adjustments.

The €400.0 ($434.4) notes due September 2022 and the €500.0 ($539.9) notes due June 2026 were designated as a hedge of our net investment in our foreign subsidiaries with a Euro-functional currency as of September 30, 2019.

In September 2019, we entered into a cross-currency swap agreement that net converts fixed-rate Swiss franc (“CHF”) payments to fixed-rate United States dollar payments. This swap was designated as a net investment hedge of our foreign subsidiary with CHF functional currency.

The effect of our net investment hedges on AOCI for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018 was as follows:

	Gain Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income
	3 Months Ended September 30,				9 Months Ended September 30,
Instrument	2019		2018		2019		2018
Euro Notes	$	42.6	$	7.2	$	51.1	$	33.1
Cross-currency swaps		2.8		—		2.8		—

We use cross-currency swaps to hedge the changes in cash flows of certain of our foreign currency denominated debt due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For our cross-currency swaps, we record the change in carrying value of the foreign currency denominated debt due to changes in exchange rates into earnings each period. The changes in fair value of the cross-currency swap derivatives are recorded in AOCI with an immediate reclassification into earnings for the change in fair value attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

In April 2019, we entered into a cross-currency swap agreement to convert our intercompany fixed-rate, CHF denominated note, including the annual interest payment and the payment of remaining principal at maturity, to a fixed-rate Euro denominated note. The economic effect of the swap agreement is to eliminate the uncertainty of cash flows in CHF associated with the note by fixing the principal at €202.3 with a fixed annual interest rate of 1.256%. This hedging arrangement has been designated as a cash flow hedge. The swap matures in April 2022, which matches the term of the intercompany note. Gains and losses from the hedge offset the changes in the value of principal and interest payments as a result of changes in foreign exchange rates. In September 2019 we entered into to a cross-currency swap agreement to convert an additional intercompany fixed-rate CHF note, including the annual interest payment and the payment of remaining principal at maturity, to a fixed-rate Euro denominated note. The economic effect of the swap is identical to the original April 2019 swap, and fixes the principal of €55.4 with a fixed interest rate of 1.143%. The swap matures in September 2022, which matches the term of the intercompany note.

We assessed the hedging relationship at the inception of the hedge in order to determine whether the derivatives that are used in the hedging transaction are highly effective in offsetting the cash flows of the hedged item and will continue to assess the relationship on an ongoing basis. We use the hypothetical derivative method in conjunction with regression analysis using a third-party valuation to measure effectiveness of our cross-currency swap agreement.

The following tables present the impact that changes in the fair values of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges had on other comprehensive income (“OCI”), AOCI and earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018:

						Gain Reclassified
	Gain Recognized in OCI					from AOCI into Income
	3 Months Ended September 30,				Location of Gain Reclassified	3 Months Ended September 30,
Instrument	2019		2018		from AOCI into Income	2019		2018
Cross-currency swaps	$	4.2	$	—	Interest and other expenses (income), net	$	4.6	$	—

						Gain Reclassified
	Gain Recognized in OCI					from AOCI into Income
	9 Months Ended September 30,				Location of Gain Reclassified	9 Months Ended September 30,
Instrument	2019		2018		from AOCI into Income	2019		2018
Cross-currency swaps	$	9.2	$	—	Interest and other expenses (income), net	$	10.0	$	—

We expect the net amount of pre-tax derivative gains and losses included in AOCI at September 30, 2019 to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months will not be significant. The actual amount that will be reclassified to earnings over the next twelve months will vary due to future currency exchange rates.

We also use certain derivatives, which are not designated as hedging instruments, as economic hedges of foreign currency and interest rate exposure. For our forward contracts that are not designated as hedges, any gain or loss resulting from the change in fair value is recognized in current period earnings. These gains or losses are offset by the exposure related to receivables and payables with our foreign subsidiaries and to interest due on our Euro-denominated notes, which is paid annually in June and September. The effect of our forward contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was as follows:

	Location of Gain	Amount of Gain Recognized in Income
Instrument	Recognized in Income	3 Months Ended September 30,				9 Months Ended September 30,
		2019		2018		2019		2018
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest and other expenses (income), net	$	4.6	$	—	$	13.8	$	2.0

The following tables present the fair value of derivative and non-derivative assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

	Assets
		September 30,		December 31,
	Balance Sheet Location	2019		2018
Instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Cross-currency swaps	Prepaid expenses and other assets	$	9.0	$	—
Instruments designated as net investment:
Cross-currency swaps	Prepaid expenses and other assets		2.8		—
Instruments not designated as hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Accounts receivable, net		0.1		0.1
Total instruments		$	11.9	$	0.1

	Liabilities
		September 30,		December 31,
	Balance Sheet Location	2019		2018
Instruments designated as net investment hedges:
Euro Notes	Long-term debt		1,045.7		1,052.9
Instruments not designated as hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Accrued liabilities		—		0.1
Total instruments		$	1,045.7	$	1,053.0

The carrying value of long-term debt approximates fair value, except for the Euro-denominated notes. The fair value of the Euro-denominated notes, as observable at commonly quoted intervals (Level 2 inputs), was $1,045.7 and $1,052.9 as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, compared to a carrying value of $974.3 and $1,024.6, respectively.

Our deferred compensation plan assets were $101.4 and $89.5 as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 respectively. We determine the fair value of these assets, comprised of publicly traded securities, by using market quotes as of the last day of the period (Level 1 inputs).

We measure the fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts and cross-currency swaps at the value based on either directly or indirectly observable inputs from third parties (Level 2 inputs).