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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and include the accounts of Matrix Service Company and its subsidiaries (“Matrix”, the “Company” or “we”, “our”, and “us” are to Matrix Service Company and its subsidiaries), all of which are wholly owned. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

We operate in the United States, Canada, South Korea and Australia. Our reportable segments are Utility and Power Infrastructure, Process and Industrial Facilities, and Storage and Terminal Solutions.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. We believe the most significant estimates and judgments are associated with revenue recognition, the recoverability tests that must be periodically performed with respect to our goodwill and other intangible assets, deferred tax assets, and the estimation of loss contingencies, including liabilities associated with litigation and with the self-insured retentions on our insurance programs. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

General Information about our Contracts with Customers

Our revenue comes from contracts to provide engineering, procurement, fabrication and construction, repair and maintenance and other services. Our engineering, procurement and fabrication and construction services are usually provided in association with capital projects, which are commonly fixed-price contracts that are billed based on project milestones. Our repair and maintenance services typically are cost reimbursable or time and material based contracts and are billed monthly or, for projects of short duration, at the conclusion of the project. The elapsed time from award to completion of performance may exceed one year for capital projects.

Step 1: Contract Identification

We do not recognize revenue unless we have identified a contract with a customer. A contract with a customer exists when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights and obligations of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability is probable. We also evaluate whether a contract should be combined with other contracts and accounted for as a single contract. This evaluation requires judgment and could change the timing of the amount of revenue and profit recorded for a given period.

Step 2: Identify Performance Obligations

Next, we identify each performance obligation in the contract. A performance obligation is a promise to provide a distinct good or service or a series of distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized separately for each performance obligation in the contract. Many of our contracts have one clearly identifiable performance obligation. However, many of our contracts provide the customer an integrated service that includes two or more of the following services: engineering, procurement, fabrication, construction, repair and maintenance services. For these contracts, we do not consider the integrated services to be distinct within the context of the contract when the separate scopes of work combine into a single commercial objective or capability for the customer. Accordingly, we generally identify one performance obligation in our contracts. The determination of the number of performance obligations in a contract requires significant judgment and could change the timing of the amount of revenue recorded for a given period.

Step 3: Determine Contract Price

After determining the performance obligations in the contract, we determine the contract price. The contract price is the amount of consideration we expect to receive from the customer for completing the performance obligation(s). In a fixed-price contract, the contract price is a single lump-sum amount. In reimbursable and time and materials based contracts, the contract price is determined by the agreed upon rates or reimbursements for time and materials expended in completing the performance obligation(s) in the contract.

A number of our contracts contain various cost and performance incentives and penalties that can either increase or decrease the contract price. These variable consideration amounts are generally earned or incurred based on certain performance metrics, most commonly related to project schedule or cost targets. We estimate variable consideration at the most likely amount of additional consideration to be received (or paid in the case of penalties), provided that meeting the variable condition is probable. We include estimated amounts of variable consideration in the contract price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the contract price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. We reassess the amount of variable consideration each accounting period until the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Changes in the assessed amount of variable consideration are accounted for prospectively as a cumulative adjustment to revenue recognized in the current period.

Step 4: Assign Contract Price to Performance Obligations

After determining the contract price, we assign such price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract. If a contract has multiple performance obligations, we assign the contract price to each performance obligation based on the stand-alone selling prices of the distinct services that comprise each performance obligation.

Step 5: Recognize Revenue as Performance Obligations are Satisfied

We record revenue for contracts with our customers as we satisfy the contracts' performance obligations. We recognize revenue on performance obligations associated with fixed-price contracts for engineering, procurement, fabrication and construction services over time since these services create or enhance assets the customer controls as they are being created or enhanced. We measure progress of satisfying these performance obligations by using the percentage-of-completion method, which is based on costs incurred to date compared to the total estimated costs at completion, since it best depicts the transfer of control of assets being created or enhanced to the customer.

We recognize revenue over time for reimbursable and time and material based repair and maintenance contracts since the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of those services as we perform work under the contract. As a practical expedient allowed under the revenue accounting standards, we record revenue for these contracts in the amount to which we have a right to invoice for the services performed provided that we have a right to consideration from the customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value of the performance completed to date.

Costs incurred may include direct labor, direct materials, subcontractor costs and indirect costs, such as salaries and benefits, supplies and tools, equipment costs and insurance costs. Indirect costs are charged to projects based upon direct costs and overhead allocation rates per dollar of direct costs incurred or direct labor hours worked. Typically, customer contracts will include standard warranties that provide assurance that products and services will function as expected. We do not sell separate warranties.

We have numerous contracts that are in various stages of completion which require estimates to determine the forecasted costs at completion. Due to the nature of the work left to be performed on many of our contracts, the estimation of total cost at completion for fixed-price contracts is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Estimates of total cost at completion are made each period and changes in these estimates are accounted for prospectively as cumulative adjustments to revenue recognized in the current period. If estimates of costs to complete fixed-price contracts indicate a loss, a provision is made through a contract write-down for the total loss anticipated.

Change Orders

Contracts are often modified through change orders, which are changes to the agreed upon scope of work. Most of our change orders, which may be priced or unpriced, are for goods or services that are not distinct from the existing contract due to the significant integration of services provided in the context of the contract and are accounted for as if they were part of that existing contract. The effect of a change order on the contract price and our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis. For unpriced change orders, we estimate the increase or decrease to the contract price using the variable consideration method described in the Step 3: Determine Contract Price paragraph above. Unpriced change orders are more fully discussed in Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies.

Claims

Sometimes we seek claims for amounts in excess of the contract price for delays, errors in specifications and designs, contract terminations, change orders in dispute or other causes of additional costs incurred by us. Recognition of amounts as additional contract price related to claims is appropriate only if there is a legal basis for the claim. The determination of our legal basis for a claim requires significant judgment. We estimate the change to the contract price using the variable consideration method described in the Step 3: Determine Contract Price paragraph above. Claims are more fully discussed in Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

We include as cash equivalents all investments with original maturities of three months or less which are readily convertible into cash. We have cash on deposit at June 30, 2022 with banks in the United States, Canada, South Korea and Australia in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"), Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation ("CDIC"), Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation ("KDIC") and Financial Claims Scheme ("FCS") protection limits, respectively. The United States Dollar equivalent of Canadian, South Korean and Australian deposits totaled $5.7 million as of June 30, 2022.

The ABL Facility requires us to maintain a minimum of $25.0 million of restricted cash at all times. Since this cash must be restricted through the maturity date of the ABL Facility, which is beyond one year, we have classified this restricted cash as non-current in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):


	June 30, 2022		June 30, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	52,371	$	83,878
Restricted cash	$	25,000	—
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	$	77,371	$	83,878

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are carried on a gross basis, less the allowance for credit losses. We estimate the allowance for credit losses based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. Our customers consist primarily of major integrated oil companies, independent refiners and marketers, power companies, petrochemical companies, pipeline companies, mining companies, contractors and engineering firms. We are exposed to the risk of individual customer defaults or depressed cycles in our customers’ industries. To mitigate this risk, many of our contracts require payment as projects progress or advance payment in some circumstances. In addition, in most cases we can place liens against the property, plant or equipment constructed or terminate the contract if a material contract default occurs. Accounts are written off against the allowance for credit losses only after all reasonable collection attempts have been exhausted.

Retentions

Contract retentions collectable beyond one year are included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accounts payable retentions are generally settled within one year.

Loss Contingencies

Various legal actions, claims and other contingencies arise in the normal course of our business. Contingencies are recorded in the consolidated financial statements, or are otherwise disclosed, in accordance with ASC 450-20, “Loss Contingencies”. Specific reserves are provided for loss contingencies to the extent we conclude that a loss is both probable and estimable. We use a case-by-case evaluation of the underlying data and update our evaluation as further information becomes known. We believe that any amounts exceeding our recorded accruals should not materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. However, the results of litigation are inherently unpredictable, and the possibility exists that the ultimate resolution of one or more of these matters could result in a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Inventories

Inventories consist primarily of steel plate and pipe and aluminum coil and extrusions. Cost is determined primarily using the average cost method and inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

Depreciation

DepreciationDepreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets. Depreciable lives are as follows: buildings—40 years, construction equipment—3 to 15 years, transportation equipment—3 to 5 years, and office equipment and software—3 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the lease term.

Leases

We enter into lease arrangements for real estate, construction equipment and information technology equipment in the normal course of business. We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception of the arrangement. An arrangement is determined to be a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of identified property and equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating lease right-of-use assets are recognized as the present value of future lease payments over the lease term as of the commencement date, plus any lease payments made prior to commencement, and less any lease incentives received. Operating lease liabilities are recognized as the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term as of the commencement date. Operating lease expense is recognized based on the undiscounted future lease payments over the remaining lease term on a straight-line basis. Lease expense related to short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Determinations with respect to lease term (including any renewals and terminations), incremental borrowing rate used to discount lease payments, variable lease expense and future lease payments require the use of judgment based on the facts and circumstances related to each lease. We consider various factors, including economic incentives, intent, past history and business need, to determine the likelihood that a renewal option will be exercised.

Right-of-use assets are evaluated for impairment in accordance with our policy for impairment of long-lived assets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such assets used in operations may not be recoverable. The determination of whether an impairment has occurred is based on management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the assets as compared to the carrying value of the assets. If an impairment has occurred, the amount of the impairment recognized is determined by estimating the fair value of the assets and, to the extent the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the assets, recording a loss provision.

For assets identified to be disposed of in the future, the carrying value of the assets are compared to the estimated fair value less the cost of disposal to determine if an impairment has occurred. Until the assets are disposed of, an estimate of the fair value is redetermined when related events or circumstances change.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquisitions over the acquisition date fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. In accordance with current accounting guidance, goodwill is not amortized and is tested at least annually for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is a level below our reportable segments.

We perform our annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or in between annual tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable, to determine whether an impairment exists and to determine the amount of headroom. We define "headroom" as the percentage difference between the fair value of a reporting unit and its carrying value. The goodwill impairment test involves comparing management’s estimate of the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, then goodwill is not impaired. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then goodwill is impaired to the extent of the difference, but the impairment may not exceed the balance of goodwill assigned to that reporting unit.

We utilize a discounted cash flow analysis, referred to as an income approach, and market multiples, referred to as a market approach, to determine the estimated fair value of our reporting units. For the income approach, significant judgments and assumptions including forecasted project awards, discount rate, anticipated revenue growth rate, gross margins, operating expenses, working capital needs and capital expenditures are inherent in the fair value estimates, which are based on our operating and capital budgets and on our strategic plan. As a result, actual results may differ from the estimates utilized in our income approach. For the market approach, significant judgments and assumptions include the selection of guideline companies, forecasted guideline company EBITDA and our forecasted EBITDA. The use of alternate judgments and/or assumptions could result in a fair value that differs from our estimate and could result in the recognition of additional impairment charges in the financial statements. As a test for reasonableness, we also consider the combined fair values of our reporting units to our market capitalization.

Other Intangible Assets

Intangible assets that have finite useful lives are amortized by the straight-line method over their useful lives ranging from 6 years to 15 years. A finite intangible asset is considered impaired when its carrying amount is not recoverable and exceeds the asset's fair value. The carrying amount is deemed unrecoverable if it is greater than the sum of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from use and eventual disposition of the asset. An impairment loss is equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset. If quoted market prices are not available, the fair values of the intangible assets are based on present values of expected future cash flows or royalties avoided using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.

Insurance Reserves

We maintain insurance coverage for various aspects of our operations. However, we retain exposure to potential losses through the use of deductibles, coverage limits and self-insured retentions. We establish reserves for claims using a combination of actuarially determined estimates and case-by-case evaluations of the underlying claim data and update our evaluations as further information becomes known. Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our reserve accruals; as a result, changes in assumptions or claims experience could result in changes to these estimates in the future. If actual results of claim settlements are different than the amounts estimated, we may be exposed to future gains and losses that could be material.

Stock-Based Compensation

We have issued stock options, nonvested deferred share awards and cash-settled restricted share units under our long-term incentive compensation plans. The fair value of these awards is calculated at grant date. The fair value of time-based, nonvested deferred shares and cash-settled restricted share units is the value of our common stock at the grant date. The fair value of market-based nonvested deferred shares is based on several factors, including the probability that the market condition specified in the grant will be achieved, which is calculated using a Monte Carlo model. Cash-settled restricted share units must be settled in cash and are accounted for as liability-type awards and are remeasured at the end of each reporting period at fair

value until settlement. For all awards, expense is recognized over the requisite service period with forfeitures recorded as they occur.

Income Taxes

Income TaxesWe use the asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances based on our judgments and estimates are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized in future operating results. Our estimates are based on facts and circumstances in existence as well as interpretations of existing tax regulations and laws applied to the facts and circumstances, with the help of professional tax advisors. Therefore, we estimate and provide for amounts of additional income taxes that may be assessed by the various taxing authorities.

Foreign Currency

The functional currencies of our operations in Canada, South Korea and Australia are the Canadian Dollar, South Korean Won and U.S. Dollar, respectively. The functional currency of our Australian operations is the U.S. Dollar since its sales are primarily denominated in that currency. For subsidiaries with operations using a foreign functional currency, assets and liabilities are translated at the year-end exchange rates and the income statement accounts are translated at average exchange rates throughout the year. Translation gains and losses are reported in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax, in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Translation gains and losses are reversed from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) and are recognized in current period income in the event we dispose of an entity with accumulated translation gains or losses. Transaction gains and losses are reported as a component of Other income (expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Income.