EX-99.12 TAX OPINION 4 d_newoppsex12b.htm EX-99.12 TAX OPINION d_newoppsex12b.htm

 

[FORM OF TAX OPINION] 
[DATE] 

 

Putnam Vista Fund
One Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts 02109

Putnam New Opportunities Fund
One Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts 02109

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel in connection with the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated [DATE], between Putnam Vista Fund (“Acquired Fund”) and Putnam New Opportunities Fund (“Acquiring Fund”). The Agreement describes a proposed transaction (the “Reorganization”) to occur as of the date of this letter (the “Exchange Date”), pursuant to which Acquiring Fund will acquire substantially all of the assets of Acquired Fund in exchange for shares of beneficial interest in Acquiring Fund (the “Acquiring Fund Shares”) and the assumption by Acquiring Fund of all of the liabilities of Acquired Fund following which the Acquiring Fund Shares received by Acquired Fund will be distributed by Acquired Fund to its shareholders in liquidation and termination of Acquired Fund. This opinion as to certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganization is furnished to you pursuant to Section 8(g) of the Agreement. Capitalized terms not defined herein are used herein as defined in the Agreement.

Acquired Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management investment company. Shares of Acquired Fund are redeemable at net asset value at each shareholder’s option. Acquired Fund has elected to be a regulated investment company for federal income tax purposes under Section 851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

Acquiring Fund is registered under the 1940 Act as an open-end management investment company. Shares of Acquiring Fund are redeemable at net asset value at each shareholder's option. Acquiring Fund has elected to be a regulated investment company for federal income tax purposes under Section 851 of the Code.

For purposes of this opinion, we have considered the Agreement, the Combined Prospectus/Proxy Statement dated [DATE], and such other items as we have deemed necessary to render this opinion. In addition, each of Acquired Fund and Acquiring Fund has provided us with a letter dated as of the date hereof (collectively, the “Representation Letters”) representing as to certain facts, occurrences and information upon which Acquired Fund and Acquiring Fund has indicated that we may rely in rendering this opinion (whether or not contained or reflected in the documents and items referred to above).

In reviewing the foregoing materials, we have assumed, with your permission, the authenticity of original documents, the accuracy of copies, the genuineness of signatures, the



legal capacity of signatories, and the proper execution of documents. We have further assumed that (i) all parties to the Agreement and any other documents examined by us have acted, and will act, in accordance with the terms of such Agreement and documents, and that the Reorganization will be consummated pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in the Agreement without the waiver or modification of any such terms and conditions; and (ii) all representations contained in the Agreement, as well as those representations contained in the Representation Letters, are true and complete.

Based on and subject to the foregoing and subject to the final paragraphs hereof, we are of the opinion that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

(i) The Reorganization will constitute a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and Acquiring Fund and Acquired Fund each will be a “party to a reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code;

(ii) Under Section 1032 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by Acquiring Fund upon the receipt of the assets of Acquired Fund in exchange for Acquiring Fund Shares and the assumption by Acquiring Fund of all the liabilities of Acquired Fund;

(iii) Under Section 362(b) of the Code, Acquiring Fund's tax basis in the assets of Acquired Fund transferred to Acquiring Fund in the Reorganization will be the same as Acquired Fund's tax basis immediately prior to the transfer;

(iv) Under Section 1223(2) of the Code, Acquiring Fund's holding periods for the assets it receives from Acquired Fund in the Reorganization will include Acquired Fund's holding periods for those assets;

(v) Under Section 361 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by Acquired Fund upon the transfer of Acquired Fund's assets to Acquiring Fund in exchange for Acquiring Fund Shares and the assumption by Acquiring Fund of all the liabilities of Acquired Fund, or upon the distribution of Acquiring Fund Shares by Acquired Fund to its shareholders in liquidation;

(vi) Under Section 354 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by Acquired Fund shareholders upon the exchange of their Acquired Fund shares for Acquiring Fund Shares;

(vii) Under Section 358 of the Code, the aggregate tax basis of Acquiring Fund Shares a Acquired Fund shareholder receives in the Reorganization will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Acquired Fund shares exchanged therefor;

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(viii) Under Section 1223(1) of the Code, an Acquired Fund shareholder's holding period for the Acquiring Fund Shares received in the Reorganization will be determined by including the shareholder's holding period for the Acquired Fund shares exchanged therefor, provided that the shareholder held those Acquired Fund shares as capital assets; and

(ix) Acquiring Fund will succeed to and take into account the items of Acquired Fund described in Section 381(c) of the Code, subject to the conditions and limitations specified in Sections 381, 382, 383 and 384 of the Code and the Regulations thereunder.

We express no view with respect to the effect of the Reorganization on any transferred asset as to which any unrealized gain or loss is required to be recognized under federal income tax principles (i) at the end of a taxable year or upon the termination thereof, or (ii) upon the transfer of such asset regardless of whether such a transfer would otherwise be a non-taxable transaction.

In connection with this opinion, we call your attention to Revenue Ruling 87-76, 1987-2 C.B. 84, published by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). In that ruling, the IRS held that the so-called “continuity of business enterprise” requirement necessary for tax-free reorganization treatment was not met in the case of an acquisition of an investment company which invested in corporate stocks and bonds by an investment company which invested in municipal bonds. Specifically, the IRS based its ruling on its conclusion that the business of investing in corporate stocks and bonds is not the same line of business as investing in municipal bonds. We believe that the IRS’s conclusion in this ruling has always been questionable. In addition, a series of private letter rulings issued in July 2005 and subsequent private letter rulings (that indicate the IRS's view on these issues but on which, as a matter of law, we are not permitted to rely under Code Section 6110(k)(3)) suggest that the IRS’s position on this issue is evolving: in each of these rulings, the IRS relied upon historic business representations to conclude that the reorganization satisfied the continuity of business enterprise requirement. However, even if the IRS’s 1987 revenue ruling were a correct statement of law, the facts of this Reorganization would be distinguishable from those in the ruling.

We believe that Acquiring Fund will continue Acquired Fund's historic business, within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.368-1(d), as an open-end management investment company that seeks capital appreciation by investing mainly in common stocks of U.S. companies, with a focus on growth stocks. Although Acquiring Fund will dispose of securities formerly held by Acquired Fund, these dispositions will be in the normal course of operations (which include redemptions) and fully consistent with Acquiring Fund’s investment objectives and strategies, including those objectives and strategies it shares with Acquired Fund, and all proceeds generated by such dispositions not distributed in redemption will be reinvested in a manner fully consistent with such policies. Based upon all the facts and circumstances including those recited above, we are of the opinion that Acquiring Fund will have continued the historic business of Acquired Fund for the benefit of, among others, the historic stockholders of Acquired Fund, and that the continuity of business enterprise doctrine should, as a result, be fulfilled. We call to your attention the fact that there is no case law, and Revenue Ruling 87-76 is the only ruling on which taxpayers can rely (i.e., the only ruling that is not a private letter ruling) dealing specifically with

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the application of the “continuity of business enterprise” requirement to a reorganization involving two or more investment companies.

No ruling has been or will be obtained from the IRS as to the subject matter of this opinion and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court of law will concur with the opinion set forth above. Our opinion is based on the Code, Treasury Regulations, IRS rulings, judicial decisions, and other applicable authority, all as in effect on the date of this opinion. The legal authorities on which this opinion is based may be changed at any time. Any such changes may be retroactively applied and could modify the opinions expressed above.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and to the references therein to us. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Very truly yours, 
 
 
Ropes & Gray LLP 

 

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