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STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
At March 31, 2015, we had the following stock option and stock purchase plans:

the 2014 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2014;
the 2011 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2011;
the 2008 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2008;
the 2005 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in April 2005;
the 2000 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, which expired in February 2010;
the 1997 Stock Option Plan, which expired in January 2007;
the 1996 Directors Stock Option Plan, which expired in May 2006; and
the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP"), which our stockholders approved in May 2001.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense:
The following table presents the total stock-based compensation expense resulting from stock option awards, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and the ESPP included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
Cost of revenues – stock option plan
 
$
23

 
$
7

Selling, general and administrative – stock option plan
 
4,729

 
4,041

Selling, general and administrative – RSUs
 
346

 
315

Selling, general and administrative – ESPP
 
389

 
309

Total pre-tax expense
 
$
5,487

 
$
4,672


    
    
The following table sets forth the tax benefits related to stock compensation:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
Tax benefit recognized in Statement of Income
 
$
2,468

 
$
909

Excess tax benefit realized
 
8,222

 
3,734



Stock Options:

Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2015, is summarized as follows:
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price per
Share
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
 
Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in years)
 
(in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of year
 
5,377,857

 
$
80.88

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
860,534

 
130.33

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(425,175
)
 
65.19

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
 
(66,154
)
 
105.30

 
 
 
 
Canceled or expired
 
(1,100
)
 
56.90

 
 
 
 
Outstanding at March 31, 2015
 
5,745,962

 
$
89.17

 
6.27
 
$
294,519

Exercisable at March 31, 2015
 
3,133,658

 
$
71.77

 
5.37
 
$
215,171

Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2015
 
5,476,973

 
$
87.92

 
 
 
 


As of March 31, 2015, there was $42.5 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested option awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.48 years.
The following table sets forth the total intrinsic value of options exercised in the quarter ended March 31:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
Total exercise intrinsic value of options exercised
 
$
29,525

 
$
11,796



The total exercise intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax value (the difference between the sales price on that trading day the option was exercised and the exercise price associated with the respective option).

The Company uses historical data to estimate expected life and volatility. The estimated fair value of stock options at the time of the grant using the Black-Scholes model option pricing model was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
Stock options granted (shares)
 
860,534

 
854,778

Weighted average fair value at grant date (per share)
 
$
22.84

 
$
21.28

Assumptions:
 
 
 
 
Expected term (in years)
 
4.79

 
4.78

Expected volatility
 
16.62
%
 
17.68
%
Expected dividend yield
 
%
 
%
Risk free interest rate
 
1.48
%
 
1.45
%

Restricted Stock Units:
Restricted stock units ("RSUs") vest at the end of three or five years. Our 2008, 2011 and 2014 Plans include a share reserve related to RSUs granted at a 2-1 ratio. A summary of the status of our non-vested RSUs and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2015, are as follows:
 
 
Number of
Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Non-vested at beginning of year
 
63,600

 
$
96.04

 
 
Granted
 
10,124

 
130.19

 
 
Vested and released
 

 

 
 
Forfeited
 
(1,470
)
 
100.77

 
 
Non-vested at March 31, 2015
 
72,254

 
$
100.73

 
$
10,147



As of March 31, 2015, there was $5.0 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.92 years.