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DEFERRED COMMISSIONS
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
DEFERRED COMMISSIONS DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE
The tables below show disaggregation of revenue into categories that reflect how economic factors affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows.
Timing of Revenue Recognition
Timing of revenue recognition by revenue category during the period is as follows:
For the year ended December 31, 2023Products and services transferred at a point in timeProducts and services transferred over timeTotal
Revenues:
Subscriptions:
SaaS$— $527,977 $527,977 
Transaction-based fees— 631,535 631,535 
Maintenance— 466,661 466,661 
Professional services
— 249,976 249,976 
Software licenses and royalties34,516 3,580 38,096 
Hardware and other37,506 — 37,506 
Total$72,022 $1,879,729 $1,951,751 
For the year ended December 31, 2022Products and services transferred at a point in timeProducts and services transferred over timeTotal
Revenues:
Subscriptions
SaaS$— $428,526 $428,526 
Transaction-based fees— 583,778 583,778 
Maintenance— 468,455 468,455 
Professional services
— 277,625 277,625 
Software licenses and royalties50,302 9,104 59,406 
Hardware and other32,414 — 32,414 
Total$82,716 $1,767,488 $1,850,204 
For the year ended December 31, 2021Products and services transferred at a point in timeProducts and services transferred over timeTotal
Revenues:
Subscriptions
SaaS$— $342,118 $342,118 
Transaction-based fees— 442,317 442,317 
Maintenance— 474,287 474,287 
Professional services
— 237,179 237,179 
Software licenses and royalties62,847 11,605 74,452 
Hardware and other21,934 — 21,934 
Total$84,781 $1,507,506 $1,592,287 
Recurring Revenues
The majority of our revenues are comprised of revenues from subscriptions and maintenance, which we consider to be recurring revenues. Subscriptions revenue primarily consists of revenues derived from our SaaS arrangements and transaction-based fees, which relate to digital government services and payment processing. These revenues are considered recurring because revenues from these sources are expected to recur in similar annual amounts for the term of our relationship with the client. Transaction-based fees are generally the result of multi-year contracts with our clients that result in fees generated by payment transactions and digital government services and are collected on a recurring basis during the contract term. The contract terms for subscription arrangements range from one to 10 years but are typically contracted for initial periods of three to five years. Virtually all of our on-premises software clients contract with us for maintenance and support, which provides us with a significant source of recurring revenues. Maintenance and support is generally provided under annual, or in some cases, multi-year contracts. We consider all other revenue categories to be non-recurring revenues.
Recurring revenues and non-recurring revenues recognized during the period are as follows:
For the year ended December 31, 2023Enterprise
Software		Platform TechnologiesCorporateTotals
Recurring revenues$1,077,043 $549,130 $— $1,626,173 
Non-recurring revenues272,612 45,636 7,330 325,578 
Intercompany23,566 — (23,566)— 
Total revenues$1,373,221 $594,766 $(16,236)$1,951,751 
For the year ended December 31, 2022Enterprise
Software		Platform TechnologiesCorporateTotals
Recurring revenues$970,466 $510,293 $— $1,480,759 
Non-recurring revenues286,720 76,903 5,822 369,445 
Intercompany21,636 — (21,636)— 
Total revenues$1,278,822 $587,196 $(15,814)$1,850,204 
For the year ended December 31, 2021Enterprise
Software		Platform TechnologiesCorporateTotals
Recurring revenues$864,667 $394,055 $— $1,258,722 
Non-recurring revenues278,876 51,662 3,027 333,565 
Intercompany22,033 — (22,033)— 
Total revenues$1,165,576 $445,717 $(19,006)$1,592,287 
DEFERRED REVENUE AND PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS
Total deferred revenue, including long-term, by segment is as follows:
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Enterprise Software$589,295 $533,902 
Platform Technologies39,597 33,691 
Corporate4,313 2,982 
Totals$633,205 $570,575 
Changes in total deferred revenue, including long-term, were as follows:
2023
Balance at beginning of year$570,575 
Deferral of revenue1,391,795 
Recognition of deferred revenue(1,329,165)
Balance at end of year$633,205 
Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations
The aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized (“backlog”), which includes deferred revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Backlog as of December 31, 2023 was $2.03 billion, of which we expect to recognize approximately 46% as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter.
DEFERRED COMMISSIONS
Sales commissions earned by our sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for initial contracts are deferred and then amortized commensurate with the recognition of associated revenue over a period of benefit that we have determined to be generally three to seven years. Deferred commissions were $49.2 million and $43.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense was $18.6 million, $15.4 million, and $13.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. There were no indicators of impairment in relation to the costs capitalized for the periods presented. Deferred commissions have been included with prepaid expenses for the current portion and non-current other assets for the long-term portion in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amortization expense related to deferred commissions is included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.