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Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Significant Accounting Policies  
Note 2 Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation

 

The accompanying financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP under the accrual basis of accounting. These financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and are prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are carried at fair value.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Jacksam Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with U.S. GAAP and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions impact both assets and liabilities, including but not limited to net realizable value of accounts receivable and inventory, estimated useful lives and potential impairment of property and equipment, estimate of fair value of share based payments and derivative liabilities, estimates of fair value of warrants issued and recorded as debt discount and estimates of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate could change in the near term due to one or more future nonconforming events. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from estimates.

 

Risks and Uncertainties

 

The Company’s operations are subject to risk and uncertainties including financial, operational, regulatory and other risks including the potential risk of business failure. The Company has experienced, and in the future, expects to continue to experience, variability in its sales and earnings. The factors expected to contribute to this variability include, among others, (i) the uncertainty associated with the commercialization and ultimate success of the product, (ii) competition inherent at large national retail chains where product is expected to be sold, (iii) general economic conditions and (iv) the related volatility of prices pertaining to the cost of sales.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost and consist of cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions, and all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company extends unsecured credit to its customers in the ordinary course of business but mitigates the associated risks by performing credit checks and actively pursuing past due accounts. The Company recognizes an allowance for losses on accounts receivable in an amount equal to the estimated probable losses net of recoveries. The allowance is based on an analysis of historical bad debt experience, current receivables aging, and expected future bad debts, as well as an assessment of specific identifiable customer accounts considered at risk or uncollectible. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $74,000.

 

Inventory

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or net realizable value. Cost principally consists of the purchase price (adjusted for lower of cost or market), customs, duties, and freight. The Company periodically reviews historical sales activity to determine potentially obsolete items and evaluates the impact of any anticipated changes in future demand.

 

The December 31, 2020 and 2019 inventory consisted entirely of finished goods. The Company will maintain an allowance based on specific inventory items that have shown no activity over a 24-month period. The Company tracks inventory as it is disposed, scrapped or sold at below cost to determine whether additional items on hand should be reduced in value through an allowance method. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has determined that no allowance is required.

  

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment is measured at cost, less accumulated depreciation, and is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives, ranging from 5 to 7 years of the respective assets. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon sale or retirement of property and equipment, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the statements of operations.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company measures assets and liabilities at fair value based on an expected exit price as defined by the authoritative guidance on fair value measurements, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability, as the case may be, in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level.

 

The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value:

 

Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

 

Level 2 - Inputs reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

 

 

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available.

 

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, prepaid expenses, other current assets, accounts payable & accrued expenses, certain notes payable and an approximate of their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.

 

Binomial Calculation Model

 

The Company uses a binomial calculator model to determine fair market value of derivative liabilities, warrants and options issued.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company derives revenues from the sale of machines and consumable products. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring those goods or services.

 

Revenue is recognized based on the following five step model:

 

 

-

Identification of the contract with a customer

 

-

Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

 

-

Determination of the transaction price

 

-

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

 

-

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

  

Performance Obligations

 

Sales of machines and consumable products are recognized when all the following criteria are satisfied: (i) a contract with an end user exists which has commercial substance; (ii) it is probable the Company will collect the amount charged to the end user; and (iii) the Company has completed its performance obligation whereby the end user has obtained control of the product. A contract with commercial substance exists once the Company receives and accepts a purchase order or once it enters into a contract with an end user. If collectability is not probable, the sale is deferred and not recognized until collection is probable or payment is received. Control of products typically transfers when title and risk of ownership of the product has transferred to the customer. The customer has a 10-day period to inspect the equipment and may return the product if it does not meet the agreed-upon specifications. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or services underlying each performance obligation. The Company uses an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost-plus margin approach when one is not available. Historically, the Company’s contracts have not had multiple performance obligations. The large majority of the Company’s performance obligations are recognized at a point in time related to the sale of machines and consumable products.

 

Sales, value add, and other taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense. Payment terms between invoicing and when payment is due is less than one year. As of December 31, 2020, none of the Company’s contracts contained a significant financing component.

 

The Company elected the practical expedient to not adjust the amount of revenue to be recognized under a contract with an end user for the effects of time value of money when the timing difference between receipt of payment and recognition of revenue is less than one year.

 

The majority of the Company’s contracts offer an assurance-type warranty of the products at no additional cost for a period of 3 years. Assurance-type warranties provide a customer with assurance that the related product will function as the parties intended because it complies with agreed-upon specifications. Such warranties do not represent a separate performance obligation. At the time a sale is recognized, the Company estimated future warranty costs, which were trivial.

 

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

 

At a given point in time, the Company may have collected payment for future sales of product to begin production. These transactions are deferred until the product transfers to the customer and the performance obligation is considered complete. As of December 31, 2020, $1,024,465 in revenue is expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period. The Company expects to recognize all of our unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations as revenue in the next twelve months.

 

Contract Costs

 

Costs incurred to obtain a customer contract are not material to the Company. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient to not capitalize contract costs to obtain contracts with a duration of one year or less, which are expensed and included within cost of goods and services.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Estimates are used to determine the amount of variable consideration in contracts, the standalone selling price among separate performance obligations and the measure of progress for contracts where revenue is recognized over time. The Company reviews and updates these estimates regularly.

  

Disaggregation of Revenue

 

All machine sales and most consumable products sales are completed in North America.

 

 

 

Year

Ended

December 31,

2020

 

 

Year

Ended

December 31,

2019

 

Machine sales

 

$

1,969,693

 

 

$

2,441,524

 

Consumable product sales

 

 

1,312,242

 

 

 

2,149,453

 

Total sales

 

$

3,281,935

 

 

$

4,590,977

 

 Cost of Goods Sold

 

Cost of goods sold represents costs directly related to supplies and materials, machines, freight and delivery, commissions, printing, packaging and other costs.

 

Advertising and Marketing Expenses

 

Advertising and marketing expense include cost incurred in public relations, online marketing, magazine, and social networking etc. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 advertising and marketing expenses were $56,518 and $118,774, respectively.

 

Income Tax Provision

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Statements of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740, tax positions must initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions must initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and relevant facts.

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability.

  

Contingencies

 

The Company follows subtopic 450-20 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company, but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

 

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s Financial Statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

 

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires that stock-based compensation be measured and recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such expense be measured at the grant date fair value.

 

For awards that vest based on service conditions, the Company uses the straight-line method to allocate compensation expense to reporting periods. The grant date fair value of options granted is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the use of subjective assumptions including volatility, expected term and the fair value of the underlying common stock, among others.

 

The Company periodically issues performance-based awards. For these awards, vesting will occur upon the achievement of certain milestones. When achievement of the milestone is deemed probable, the Company expenses the compensation of the respective awards over the implicit service period.

  

Stock awards to non-employees are accounted for in accordance with ASC 505-50, Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees (“ASC 505-50”). The measurement date for non-employee awards is generally the date performance of services required from the non-employee is complete. For non-employee awards that vest based on service conditions, the Company expenses the value of the awards over the related service period, provided they expect the service condition to be met. The Company records the expense of services rendered by non- employees based on the estimated fair value of the stock option using the Black-Scholes option pricing model over the contractual term of the non-employee. The fair value of unvested non-employee awards is remeasured at each reporting period and expensed over the vesting term of the underlying stock options on a straight-line basis. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-09 Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting during the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

The stock-based compensation plans provide that grantees may have the right to exercise an option prior to vesting. Shares purchased upon the exercise of unvested options will be subject to the same vesting schedule as the underlying options and are subject to repurchase at the original exercise price by the Company should the grantee discontinue providing services to the Company for any reason, prior to becoming fully vested in such shares.

 

Issuance Costs Related to Equity and Debt

 

The Company allocates issuance costs between the individual freestanding instruments identified on the same basis as proceeds were allocated. Issuance costs associated with the issuance of stock or equity contracts (i.e., equity-classified warrants and convertible preferred stock) are recorded as a charge against the gross proceeds of the offering. Any issuance costs associated with the issuance of liability-classified warrants are expensed as incurred. Issuance costs associated with the issuance of debt (i.e., convertible debt) is recorded as a direct reduction of the carrying amount of the debt liability but limited to the notional value of the debt. The Company accounts for debt as liabilities measured at amortized cost and amortizes the resulting debt discount to interest expense using the effective interest method over the expected term of the notes pursuant to ASC 835, Interest (“ASC 835”). To the extent that the reduction from issuance costs of the carrying amount of the debt liability would reduce the carrying amount below zero, such excess is recorded as interest expense.

 

Embedded Conversion Features

 

The Company evaluates embedded conversion features within convertible debt under ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” to determine whether the embedded conversion feature(s) should be bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for as a derivative at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. If the conversion feature does not require derivative treatment under ASC 815, the instrument is evaluated under ASC 470-20 “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Under the ASC 470-20, an entity must separately account for the liability and equity components of the convertible debt instruments that may be settled entirely or partially in cash upon conversion in a manner that reflects the issuer’s economic interest cost. The effect of ASC 470-20 on the accounting for our convertible debt instruments is that the equity component is required to be included in the additional paid-in capital section of stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets and the value of the equity component is treated as original issue discount for purposes of accounting for the debt component of the notes. As a result, we are required to record non-cash interest expense as a result of the amortization of the discounted carrying value of the convertible debt to their face amount over the term of the convertible debt. We report higher interest expense in our financial results because ASC 470-20 requires interest to include both the current period’s amortization of the debt discount and the instrument’s coupon interest.

 

For conventional convertible debt where the rate of conversion is below market value, the Company records a “beneficial conversion feature” (“BCF”) and related debt discount. When the Company records a BCF, the relative fair value of the BCF is recorded as a debt discount against the face amount of the respective debt instrument (offset to additional paid in capital) and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.

 

Derivatives and Hedging

 

On July 1, 2017, the Company early adopted ASU 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260) Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815),” which addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The Company has concluded that the retroactive provisions of ASU 2017-11 had no impact on the accounting for the Company’s previously outstanding warrant which had been issued to the warrant holder as stock compensation.

  

ASU 2017-11 changes the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. ASU 2017-11 also clarifies existing disclosure requirements for equity- classified instruments. As a result, a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. Convertible instruments with embedded conversion options that have down round features are now subject to the specialized guidance for contingent beneficial conversion features (in Subtopic 470-20, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options”), including related EPS guidance (ASC 260). Part II of ASU 2017-11 recharacterize the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of ASC 480 that now are presented as pending content in the ASC, to a scope exception. Those amendments do not have an accounting effect.

 

Prior to the early adoption of ASU 2017-11, an equity-linked financial instrument with a down round feature that otherwise is not required to be classified as a liability under the guidance in ASC 480 is evaluated under the guidance in ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging,” to determine whether it meets the definition of a derivative. If it meets that definition, the instrument (or embedded feature) is evaluated to determine whether it is indexed to an entity’s own stock as part of the analysis of whether it qualifies for a scope exception from derivative accounting. Generally, for warrants and conversion options embedded in financial instruments that are deemed to have a debt host (assuming the underlying shares are readily convertible to cash or the contract provides for net settlement such that the embedded conversion option meets the definition of a derivative), the existence of a down round feature results in an instrument not being considered indexed to an entity’s own stock. This results in a reporting entity being required to classify the freestanding financial instrument or the bifurcated conversion option as a liability, which the entity must measure at fair value initially and at each subsequent reporting date.

 

ASU 2017-11 revises the guidance for instruments with down round features in ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity,” which is considered in determining whether an equity-linked financial instrument qualifies for a scope exception from derivative accounting. An entity still is required to determine whether instruments would be classified in equity under the guidance in ASC 815-40 in determining whether they qualify for that scope exception. If they do qualify, freestanding instruments with down round features are no longer classified as liabilities and embedded conversion options with down round features are no longer bifurcated.

 

For entities that present EPS in accordance with ASC 260, and when the down round feature is included in an equity-classified freestanding financial instrument, the value of the effect of the down round feature is treated as a dividend when it is triggered and as a numerator adjustment in the basic EPS calculation. This reflects the occurrence of an economic transfer of value to the holder of the instrument, while alleviating the complexity and income statement volatility associated with fair value measurement on an ongoing basis. Convertible instruments are unaffected by ASU 2017-11.

 

Part I of ASU 2017-11 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. ASU 2017-11 Part 1 should be applied retrospectively to outstanding financial instruments with a down round feature for each prior reporting period presented in accordance with the guidance on accounting changes in paragraphs ASC 250-10-45-5 through 45-10.

 

The Company has determined that there were no previously outstanding financial instruments that fall under the scope of ASU 2017-11. Therefore, the Company has not determined and has not recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet.

 

ASU 2017-11 Part II does not require any transition guidance because those amendments do not have an accounting effect.

  

The Company considered the impact of Part 1 of ASU 2017-11 and determined the Company had no financial instruments previously carried as derivative liabilities that were deemed to be such on the basis of embedded features containing down round provisions, resulting in the strike price being reduced on the basis of the pricing of future equity offerings. As a result, upon the early adoption provisions of ASU 2017-11, the Company did not record any adjustment to its books to account for any transition accounting issues.

 

Net Loss Per Common Share

 

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common stock equivalents are determined using the treasury stock method. For diluted net loss per share purposes, the Company excludes stock options and other stock-based awards, including shares issued as a result of option exercises that are subject to repurchase by the Company, whose effect would be anti-dilutive from the calculation. During the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per common share, as their effect was anti-dilutive due to the net loss incurred. Therefore, basic and diluted net loss per share was the same in all periods presented.

 

The Company had 11,871,324 and 13,153,968 potentially dilutive securities that have been excluded from the computation of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as they would be anti-dilutive. Additionally, 1,443,333 shares of common stock issued during the year ended December 31, 2020 under a share lending arrangement and 10,516,414 shares to be issued as part of the share payable balance are excluded from the calculation of weighted-average shares outstanding.

 

Going Concern

 

The Company’s financial statements are prepared using U.S. GAAP applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, the Company has negative working capital, recurring losses, and does not have a source of revenues sufficient to cover its operating costs. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully execute the business plan and attain profitable operations. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

In the coming year, the Company’s foreseeable cash requirements will relate to continual development of the operations of its business, maintaining its good standing and making the requisite filings with the SEC, and the payment of expenses associated with operations and business developments. The Company may experience a cash shortfall and be required to raise additional capital.

 

Historically, it has mostly relied upon convertible notes payable and cash flows from operations to finance its operations and growth. Management may raise additional capital by retaining net earnings or through future private offerings of the Company’s stock or through loans from private investors, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to obtain such financing. The Company’s failure to do so could have a material and adverse effect upon it and its shareholders.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the effect of recently issued standards that are not yet effective and will not have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations upon adoption.