RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES

The components of restructuring and other charges, net in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:



	Years ended December 31,
	2012		2011	2010
	(In thousands)
Restructuring charges, net:
Severance and employee-related costs	$	7,205	3,162	—
Contract termination costs	865		493	—
	8,070		3,655	—

As mentioned in Note 29, “Segment Reporting,” our primary measure of segment financial performance excludes, among other items, restructuring and other charges, net. However, the applicable portion of the restructuring and other charges, net that related to each segment in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:



	Years ended December 31,
	2012		2011	2010
	(In thousands)
Fleet Management Solutions	$	6,448	3,531	—
Supply Chain Solutions	1,346		124	—
Central Support Services	276		—	—
Total	$	8,070	3,655	—

2012 Activity

In the second quarter of 2012, we approved a plan to eliminate approximately 350 employees, primarily in the U.S, as a result of cost containment actions. These actions have been completed. Workforce reductions resulted in a a pre-tax charge of $7 million. Restructuring charges, net in 2012 also included severance and employee related costs associated with the elimination of certain positions assumed in the Euroway acquisition offset by benefits from refinements in estimates from restructuring charges in the prior year. During 2012, we also recorded a pre-tax charge of $1 million associated with non-essential leased facilities assumed in the Hill Hire acquisition.

2011 Activity

During 2011, we eliminated certain positions and terminated non-essential equipment contracts assumed in the Hill Hire and Scully acquisitions, which resulted in a pre-tax charge of $4 million.

The following table presents a roll-forward of the activity and balances of our restructuring reserves, including discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:



				Deductions
	Beginning Balance		Additions	Cash Payments	Non-Cash Reductions⁽¹⁾	Foreign Translation Adjustment		Ending Balance
	(In thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2012:
Employee severance and benefits	$	2,607	8,460	6,711	1,307	98		3,147
Contract termination costs	2,639		1,084	1,519	575	99		1,728
Total	$	5,246	9,544	8,230	1,882	197		4,875

Year ended December 31, 2011:
Employee severance and benefits	$	234	3,290	736	105	(76	)	2,607
Contract termination costs	3,813		493	1,557	141	31		2,639
Total	$	4,047	3,783	2,293	246	(45	)	5,246

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(1)	Non-cash reductions represent adjustments to the restructuring reserve as actual costs were less than originally estimated.

At December 31, 2012, outstanding restructuring obligations are generally required to be paid over the next year.