UNITED STATES
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which the registrant plans to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent described herein.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED June 30, 2022
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PART I
Item 1. Business
China Green Agriculture, Inc. (‘we” or “the Company”) is primarily engaged in the research, development, production, and sale of various types of fertilizers and agricultural products in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) through its wholly owned Chinese subsidiaries, Jinong Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), and Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., (“Gufeng”), both of which are engaged in fertilizer production. In addition, we operate through variable interest entities (the “VIEs”), including Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), engaged in agricultural products production, and Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co. Ltd. Our primary business is fertilizer products, specifically humic acid-based compound fertilizer produced through Jinong; and compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer produced through Gufeng. In addition, through Yuxing, we develop and produce agricultural products, such as top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings.
Since June 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following eight companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and are deemed as VIEs: Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd., Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd., Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd. (collectively hereafter referred to as “the VIE Companies.”)
As of June 30, 2022, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, has discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd., Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd., Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd., decreasing the number of VIE companies from eight to zero.
Fertilizer production is our core business and we generated approximately $160,657,513, $200,245,680, and $200,185,739, or 88.4%, 83.5%, and 80.3% of our total revenues for the years ended June 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Our total annual production capacity was 555,000 metric tons as of June 30, 2022.
As of June 30, 2022, we sold our products through a network of 1,398 regional distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. We do not rely on any single distributor. Our top five distributors accounted for approximately 49.9% of our fertilizer revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
As of June 30, 2022, we have developed 416 different fertilizer products. We conduct our research and development activities through Yuxing, one of Jinong’s VIEs, which tests new fertilizers and grows high quality flowers, vegetables and seedlings for commercial sales.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, our revenues from continuing and discontinued operations were $181,806,425, $239,927,726, and $249,243,496, respectively; our net income (loss) for these periods was $(98,364,332), $(119,747,617), and $(134,689,311), respectively.
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Recent Developments
Strategic Acquisitions:
On June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, through Jinong, we entered (i) Strategic Acquisition Agreements (the “SAA”), and (ii) Agreements for Convertible Notes (the “ACN”), with the shareholders of the companies as identified below (the “Targets”).
June 30, 2016:
| Cash | Principal of | |||||||||
| Payment for | Notes for | |||||||||
| Acquisition | Acquisition | |||||||||
| Company Name | Business Scope | (RMB[1]) | (RMB) | |||||||
| Shaanxi
Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd. |
Sales of pesticides, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, agricultural materials; Manufacture and sales of mulches. | 10,000,000 | 3,000,000 | |||||||
| Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd. |
Promotion and consulting services regarding agricultural technologies; Retail sales of chemical fertilizers (including compound fertilizers and organic fertilizers); Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides, agricultural machinery and accessories; Collection of agricultural information; Development of saline-alkali soil; Promotion and development of high-efficiency agriculture and related information technology solutions for agriculture, agricultural and biological engineering high technologies; E-commerce; Cultivation of freshwater fish, poultry, fruits, flowers, vegetables, and seeds; Recycling and complex utilization of straw and stalk; Technology transfer and training; Recycling of agricultural materials; Ecological industry planning. | 8,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd.(2) | Cultivation of crops; Storage, sales, preliminary processing and logistics distribution of agricultural by-products; Promotion and application of agricultural technologies; Purchase and sales of agricultural materials; Electronic commerce. | 3,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. | Promotion and application of new agricultural technologies; Professional prevention of plant diseases and insect pests; Sales of plant protection products, plastic mulches, material, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural medicines, micronutrient fertilizers, hormones, agricultural machinery and medicines, and gardening tools. | 6,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.(3) | Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides; Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, compound fertilizers, plant growth regulators, agricultural machinery, and water economizers; Consulting services for agricultural technologies; Purchase and sales of agricultural by- products. | 10,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd (3) | Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, organic fertilizers, plant growth regulators, agricultural machineries, and water economizers; Purchase and sales of agricultural by-products; Cultivation of fruits and vegetables; Consulting services and training for agricultural technologies; Storage services; Sales of articles of daily use, food and oil; On-line sales of the above-mentioned products. | |||||||||
| Total | 37,000,000 | 51,000,000 | ||||||||
| (1) | The exchange rate between RMB and U.S. dollars on June 30, 2016 was RMB1=US$0.1508, according to the exchange rate published by Bank of China. |
| (2) | On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai. In return, the shareholders of Zhenbai agreed to tender the whole payment consideration in the SAA back to the Company with early termination penalties. The convertible notes paid to Zhenbai’s shareholders, and the accrued interest had been forfeited. |
| (3) | On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei. In return, the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei and agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB1,850,000 (approximately $276,205) to the Company. |
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| (4) | On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie. In return, the shareholders of Lishijie agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB3,500,000 (approximately $522,550) to the Company. |
| (5) | On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian. In return, the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian agreed to pay cash with amount off RMB11,700,000 (approximately $1,746,810) to the Company. |
January 1, 2017:
| Cash Payment for | Principal of Notes for | |||||||||
| Acquisition | Acquisition | |||||||||
| Company Name | Business Scope | (RMB[1]) | (RMB) | |||||||
| Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.(3) | Sales of pesticides, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, agricultural materials; Manufacture and sales of mulches. | 4,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
| Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd. | Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides; Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, compound fertilizers and plant growth regulators | 4,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
| Total | 8,000,000 | 12,000,000 | ||||||||
| (1) | The exchange rate between RMB and U.S. dollars on January 1, 2017 was RMB1=US$0.144, according to the exchange rate published by Bank of China. |
| (2) | On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xiangrong. In return, the shareholders of Xiangrong agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB24,430,000 (approximately $3,647,399) to the Company. |
| (3) | On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong. In return, the shareholders of Fengnong agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB8,750,000(approximately $1,306,375) to the Company. |
Pursuant to the SAA and the ACN, the shareholders of the Targets, while retaining possession of the equity interests and continuing to be the legal owners of such interests, agreed to pledge and entrust all of their equity interests, including the proceeds thereof (but excluding any claims or encumbrances), and the operations and management of its business to Jinong, in exchange for an aggregate amount of RMB45,000,000 (approximately $6,718,500), to be paid by Jinong within three days following the execution of the SAA, ACN and the VIE Agreements, and convertible notes with an aggregate face value of RMB63,000,000 (approximately $9,405,900), with an annual fixed compound interest rate of 3% and a term of three years.
The SAA contains representations and warranties by both Jinong and the shareholders of the Targets, including:
Should the shareholders of the Targets fail to satisfy the conditions listed in the exhibit to the SAA, i.e., the entry into the VIE Agreements, or breach of any the representations or warranties in the SAA, other than the direct and consequential damages that may cause to Jinong, they are to pay RMB100,000 (approximately $14,930) as liquidated damages.
The shareholders of the Targets also agreed to ensure that its management and principal technology employees enter into noncompetition agreements prohibiting them from any direct or indirect operation or ownership of any business that is in competition with the Targets.
The shareholders of the Targets also represented that there are no claims or encumbrances against their interests, as defined in the SAA, and that there are no actions or other legal proceedings pending against the Targets that would have a material adverse effect on the Target’s capacity to fulfill their contractual obligations. The Targets are to have a minimum of 10% annual compound growth rate (the “Growth Rate”) within the three years after the closing of the acquisitions (the “Closing”).
Pursuant to the SAA, all the existing employees continue to be the employees of the Targets after the Closing based on their current employment terms, subject to the decisions of the new Boards of Directors of the Targets to be formed after the Closing.
Under the agreements relating to the convertible notes, each convertible note has a face value of RMB100, with a term of three years and an annual fixed compound interest rate of 3%. The convertible notes take priority over the preferred stock and common stock of Jinong, and any other class or series of capital stock Jinong issues in the future, in terms of interest and payments in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Jinong. On or after the third anniversary of the issuance date of each note (the “Maturity Date”), noteholders may convert the notes into Common Stock of the Company. The noteholders may not convert the notes prior to the Maturity Date. If a note is converted into the Company’s common stock, the noteholder will become a holder of the Company’s common stock.
The per share conversion price of the notes is the greater of the following: (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) 75% of the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date the noteholder delivers the conversion notice.
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If the profits of the Targets hit certain levels of sales set by the parties, i.e., the Growth Rate, Jinong may, at its discretion, convert the notes to (i) cash, (ii) the Company’s common stock, or (iii) to a combination of cash and the Company’s common stock, in the amount of the face value of the notes with compound interest for three years.
Upon the Maturity Date of the note, the noteholder can (i) request Jinong to convert all or a part of the note; (ii) continue to hold the note until the holder elects to deliver a conversion request; however, if the holder chooses to hold the note after the Maturity Date, no interest accrues on the note after the three-year term.
In the event that the actions of the Targets or noteholders materially impair Jinong or if any of the Targets fail to achieve the Growth Rate, Jinong may request noteholders to redeem the shares they hold of the Targets for (i) an amount represented by the convertible notes including the accrued interest and the cash payment Jinong made on the Closing of the acquisition and (ii) 15% of the amount under (i) mentioned immediately prior to this item. However, the noteholder can elect to offset the payment of the interest of the note by the annual increase rate the Targets realizes, despite a lower rate.
VIE Structure with the Targets
Jinong, the Targets, and the shareholders of the Targets also entered into a series of contractual agreements for the Targets to qualify as variable interest entities or VIEs (the “VIE Agreements”). The VIE Agreements can be summarized as follows:
Entrusted Management Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Entrusted Management Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, between Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies (the “Entrusted Management Agreements”), the sales VIE Companies and their shareholders agreed to entrust the operations and management of its business to Jinong. According to the Entrusted Management Agreement, Jinong possesses the full and exclusive right to manage the sales VIE Companies’ operations, assets and personnel, has the right to control all the sales VIE Companies’ cash flows through an entrusted bank account, is entitled to the sales VIE Companies’ net profits as a management fee, is obligated to pay all the sales VIE Companies’ payables and loan payments, and bears all losses of the sales VIE Companies. The Entrusted Management Agreements will remain in effect until (i) the parties mutually agree to terminate the agreement; (ii) the dissolution of the sales VIE Companies; or (iii) Jinong acquires all the assets or equity of the sales VIE Companies (as more fully described below under “Exclusive Option Agreements”).
Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, between Jinong and the sales VIE companies (the “Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements”), Jinong is the exclusive technology provider to the sales VIE companies. The sales VIE companies agreed to pay Jinong all fees payable for technology supply prior to making any payments under the Entrusted Management Agreement. The Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements shall remain in effect until (i) the parties mutually agree to terminate the agreement; (ii) the dissolution of the sales VIE companies; or (iii) Jinong acquires the sales VIE companies (as more fully described below under “Exclusive Option Agreements”).
Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies irrevocably appointed Jinong as their proxy to exercise on such shareholders’ behalf all of their voting rights as shareholders pursuant to PRC law and the Articles of Association of the sales VIE companies, including the appointment and election of directors of the sales VIE companies. Jinong agreed that it shall maintain a board of directors, the composition and appointment of which shall be approved by the Board of the Company. The Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements will remain in effect until Jinong acquires all the assets or equity of the sales VIE companies.
Exclusive Option Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Exclusive Option Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong, the sales VIE companies, and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Exclusive Option Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies granted Jinong an irrevocable and exclusive purchase option (the “Option”) to acquire the sales VIE companies’ equity interests and/or remaining assets, but only to the extent that the acquisition does not violate limitations imposed by PRC law on such transactions. The Option is exercisable at any time at Jinong’s discretion so long as such exercise and subsequent acquisition of the sales VIE companies does not violate PRC law. The consideration for the exercise of the Option is to be determined by the parties and memorialized in the future by definitive agreements setting forth the kind and value of such consideration. Jinong may transfer all rights and obligations under the Exclusive Option Agreements to any third parties without the approval of the shareholders of the sales VIE companies so long as a written notice is provided. The Exclusive Option Agreements may be terminated by mutual agreements or by 30 days written notice by Jinong.
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Equity Pledge Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Equity Pledge Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Pledge Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies pledged all of their equity interests in the sales VIE companies to Jinong, including the proceeds thereof, to guarantee all of Jinong’s rights and benefits under the Entrusted Management Agreements, the Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements, the Shareholder’ Voting Proxy Agreements and the Exclusive Option Agreements. Prior to termination of the Pledge Agreements, the pledged equity interests cannot be transferred without Jinong’s prior written consent. The Pledge Agreements may be terminated only upon the written agreement of the parties.
Non-Compete Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Non-Compete Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the Targets (the “Non-Compete Agreements”), the shareholders of the Targets agreed that during the period beginning on the initial date of their services with Jinong, and ending five (5) years after termination of their services with Jinong, without Jinong’s prior written consent, they will not provide services or accept positions (including partners, directors, shareholders, managers, proxies or consultants) with by any profit making organizations with businesses that may compete with Jinong. They will not solicit or interfere with any of Jinong’s customers, or solicit, induce, recruit or encourage any person engaged or employed by Jinong to terminate his or her service or engagement.
Jinong acquired the Targets using the VIE arrangement based on our need to further develop our business and comply with the regulatory requirements under the PRC laws.
As our business focuses on the production of fertilizer, all our business activities intertwine with those in the agriculture industry in China. Specifically, we deal with compliance, regulation, safety, inspection, and licenses in fertilizer production, farmland use and transfer, growing and distribution of agriculture goods, agriculture basic supplies, seeds, pesticides, and trades of grains. It is an industry in which stringent regulations are implemented and strictly enforced. In addition, e-commerce, which is also under strict government regulations in the PRC, has lately become a sale and distribution channel for agricultural products. Currently, we are developing an online platform to connect the physical distribution network we either own or lease.
Compared with the regulatory environment in other jurisdictions, the regulatory environment in the PRC is unique. For example, On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies promulgated the Regulation on Merger and Acquisition of Domestic Companies by Foreign Investors (the “M&A Rules”), which became effective on September 8, 2006. The M&A Rules require that an offshore special purpose vehicle controlled directly or indirectly by PRC companies or individuals and formed for purposes of overseas listing through acquisition of PRC domestic interests held by such PRC companies or individuals obtain the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”) prior to the listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published procedures regarding its approval of overseas listings by special purpose vehicles.
For both e-commerce and agriculture industries, PRC regulators limit the investment from foreign entities and set rules for foreign-owned entities to conduct business. We expect these limitations on foreign-owned entities will continue to exist in e-commerce and agriculture industries. VIE arrangements, however, provide feasibility for obtaining administrative approval process and avoiding industry restrictions that may be imposed on an entity that is a wholly owned subsidiary of a foreign entity. The VIE agreements reduce uncertainty and the current limitation risk. It is our understanding that the VIE agreements, as well as the control we obtained through VIE arrangement, are valid and enforceable. We believe that this legal structure does not violate the known, published, and current PRC laws. While there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC Laws and future PRC laws and regulations, and there can be no assurance that the PRC authorities will take a view that is not contrary to or otherwise different from our belief and understanding stated above, we believe the substantial difficulty that we experienced previously to conduct business in agriculture as a foreign ownership company can be greatly reduced by the VIE arrangement. Further, as an integral part of the VIE arrangement, the underlying equity pledge agreements provide legal protection for the control we obtained. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreements, we have completed the equity pledge processes with the Targets to ensure the complete control of the interests in the Targets. The shareholders of the Targets are not entitled to transfer any shares to the third party under the exclusive option agreements. If necessary, they may transfer shares to us without consideration.
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While the VIE arrangement provides us with the feasibility to conduct our business in the e-commerce and agriculture industries, validity and enforceability of VIE arrangement is subject to (i) any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, (ii) possible judicial or administrative actions or any PRC Laws affecting creditors’ rights, (iii) certain equitable, legal or statutory principles affecting the validity and enforceability of contractual rights generally under concepts of public interest, interests of the State, national security, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and applicable statutes of limitation; (iv) any circumstance in connection with formulation, execution or implementation of any legal documents that would be deemed materially mistaken, clearly unconscionable, fraudulent, coercive at the conclusions thereof; and (v) judicial discretion with respect to the availability of indemnifications, remedies or defenses, the calculation of damages, the entitlement to attorney’s fees and other costs, and the waiver of immunity from jurisdiction of any court or from legal process. Validity and enforceability of VIE arrangements is also subject to risk derived from the discretion of any competent PRC legislative, administrative or judicial bodies in exercising their authority in the PRC. As a result, there can be no assurance that any of such PRC Laws will not be changed, amended or replaced in the immediate future or in the longer term with or without retrospective effect.
Our History
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the state of Kansas on February 6, 1987 under the name Videophone, Inc. The Company had no operations from December 1996 to December 2007. In October 2007, the Company was reincorporated in the state of Nevada. On December 26, 2007, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding capital stock of Green New Jersey, through a share exchange (the “Share Exchange”). Because of the Share Exchange, the Company owns 100% of Green New Jersey. The Share Exchange occurred simultaneously with a private placement of $20,519,255 on December 26, 2007.
Green New Jersey was incorporated on January 27, 2007 under the laws of the State of New Jersey. On August 24, 2007, Green New Jersey acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Jinong, a company incorporated in the PRC on June 19, 2000.
After the acquisition of Green New Jersey, the Company changed its name to China Green Agriculture, Inc., effective on February 5, 2008.
On July 23, 2009, Yuxing became a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Jinong to facilitate the research and development of agricultural products and fertilizers. Effective June 16, 2013, Yuxing was converted into a PRC domestic enterprise wholly owned by an individual who entered into a series of contractual agreements with Jinong pursuant to which Yuxing became Jinong’s variable interest entity or VIE.
On March 9, 2009, the Company’s common stock was listed on the NYSE MKT, formerly known as NYSE Amex Equities under the trading symbol “CGA”. On December 4, 2009, the Company voluntarily ceased trading its common stock on the NYSE Amex Equities and transferred its listing to the New York Stock Exchange on December 7, 2009. The Company’s ticker symbol remains “CGA”.
On July 2, 2010, the Company, through Jinong, consummated a transaction to acquire all equity interests of Gufeng and its subsidiary Tianjuyuan. As a result, Gufeng and Tianjuyuan became wholly owned subsidiaries of Jinong and indirect subsidiaries of the Company.
On June 30, 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following six companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed as our VIEs: Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd., Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd., Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
On January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following two companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed as our VIEs: Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd.
On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.
On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.
On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.
On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.
On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.
Our principal executive offices are located at 3rd Floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China 710065 and our telephone number is +86-29-88266368. Our website address is www.cgagri.com. The Company routinely posts important information on its website.
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Our current corporate structure is set forth in the following diagram:
Yuxing may also collectively be referred to as “the VIE Company”.
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Industry Analysis
Fertilizer Market in China
Influenced by the sluggish demand in domestic and international fertilizer markets, China’s fertilizer market is in a downturn during this fiscal year. In terms of production, the growth of fertilizer output remained limited during the fiscal year. Meanwhile, large inventories of fertilizer placed downward pressure on prices. Market prices of the raw material were volatile; the price of fertilizer is uncertain and can be hard to increase. In terms of domestic consumption, though grain prices increased to some extent, the domestic consumption capacity is limited; as for export, international markets are depressed continuously, resulting from the declines in export prices. During this fiscal year, the fertilizer industry was in a downward trend as profits are compressed again and the losses of enterprises are enlarged. Under the pressure of sluggish growth in the fertilizer market, industrial restructuring, merger and reorganization activity in the industry increased, reducing the number of enterprises in the market. At the same time, the production equipment and technological level was largely improved: coal-water slurry gasification technology, powdered coal pressure gasification technology, large sulfur-based compound fertilizer technology and beneficiation technology of mid-low-grade phosphate were widely used, while new fertilizer products such as slow controlled release fertilizer and microbial fertilizer have been rapidly developed and resulted in significant market expansion. In the last few years, as the growth of China’s economy has gradually slowed down and the risk of economic downturn therefore exists, the government has adopted various measures to maintain the growth and the Company needs structural adjustment and growth pattern transformation.
On the one hand, government’s support to agricultural production includes intensive agricultural investment, subsidies and minimum purchasing price increases for farm products. China has seen another bumper year of grain production, while increased fertilizer consumption remains highly uncertain. The country has achieved consecutive years of rising grain harvests since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. As the concentration of the fertilizer industry is steadily improving, the influence on market from key enterprises have increased, which appeared to help to ease the weakened market volatility. On the other hand, the current oversupply problem is difficult to relieve. Mechanisms of price reform for raw materials (such as coal, natural gas, sulfur phosphate ore, etc.) are accelerating, which caused pressure on production costs. A stricter export tariff policy is expected to last indefinitely, and the external economic situation may limit the operation and expansion of fertilizer enterprises in international markets.
The interaction of the above factors complicated the situation in fertilizer markets since 2017. The overall growth rate of this industry has continually slowed down, and the market has fluctuated violently. The transformation for China’s fertilizer industry from quantitative growth pattern to qualitative growth pattern is irreversible. The centralization of production, high-end oriented product, service-oriented marketing and market-oriented raw materials dominated the developments in the fertilizer market.
Additionally, government support for the agriculture industry in China can act as an additional boost to the fertilizer industry in China. However, we anticipate organic fertilizers will become an emerging segment in the coming years, given the additional subsidies for farming, elimination of certain land taxes, and land reform initiatives to be implemented by the PRC government to promote the growing of organic produce. We believe the demand for fertilizer will continue to grow because of increase in food demand, decrease in arable land and reduction of crop yields. The demand for fertilizers nationwide is continuously expected to increase by millions of tons of nutrient, with an expected compound annual growth rate of 7.7% from 2016 to 2022.
Organic versus Chemical Fertilizers
In general, fertilizer products are categorized into organic and chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers can be natural or developed artificially. Natural organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, humic acid, brassin and guano. Artificial organic fertilizers include compost, blood meal, bone meal, humic acid, and are typically supplemented with other nutrient ingredients. Chemical fertilizers normally are composed of synthetic chemicals such as phosphate and potassium compounds. The primary difference between organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers is in the sourcing process of ingredients, as the nutrient contents are largely the same.
Over the past 20 years, the use of chemical fertilizers in China substantially increased, but years of use created unintended consequences for the agriculture industry—agricultural products gradually lack certain minerals, since chemical fertilizers applied fell short of natural minerals which made soil infertile.
In addition, heavy use of chemical fertilizers can create “fertilizer burn,” the over-fertilization of a single nutrient such as nitrogen, which can dry roots and suspend crop growth due to the upset of balance in compound salts and soil acidification. Another drawback caused by chemical fertilizers is that soil is easily depleted by irrigation, rainfall and flooding. In addition, the production of chemical fertilizers consumes a great deal of natural resources. For example, the production of synthetic ammonia, a common chemical fertilizer, comprises about 5% of the world’s natural gas consumption.
Organic fertilizers, on the other hand, improve the biodiversity and long-term productivity of soil. Organic nutrients increase the abundance of soil organisms by providing organic micronutrients. Unlike chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizer nutrients are diluted with better solubility. It requires less application on soil to reach the same result as of chemical fertilizers, which maintains soil fertility and avoid the runoff caused by components like soluble nitrogen and phosphorus. However, the composition of organic fertilizer is more complex and costly than chemical products. As an alternative to pure chemical fertilizer use, farmers can also use inorganic fertilizer supplemented with a small portion of organic fertilizers.
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Since the 1980s, China has intensified the use of chemical fertilizers to increase crop yields. While the increase in crop yield slowed down in recent years, the overuse of chemical fertilizers also caused many environmental issues ranging from water pollution to soil damage. As a result, the PRC government has been promoting the use of environmentally friendly green fertilizers, such as humic acid-based organic compound fertilizers and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, because they provide crops with incremental yield by adding various nutrients essential to soil. Although being relatively new to farmers, the demand for these green fertilizers is increasing and we expect this trend to continue in the coming years. Although we expanded business among other Asian and Southeast Asian countries, the PRC remained our principal market for organic compound fertilizers and related agricultural products.
The “Green Food” Industry in the PRC
The rise of the PRC industry for food free from pollutants or harmful chemicals, or “green food,” raises the demand for organic fertilizers. “Green Food,” the certificate for agricultural products promoted by the Chinese Government, is positioned between ordinary agricultural food from common farming practice and organic food and has two levels: “AA Green Food” and “A Green Food”. The “AA Green Food” standard indicates products that are equal to those of organic agriculture. Since the market for organic agricultural products in China has huge potential, it is forecasted that the increase of organic agricultural products consumption in China will exceed that of the average organic agricultural products consumption in the world in the next few years. The market for Chinese organic agricultural products reached USD 5 billion in 2015, with an incremental 20 percent increase year over year during the following years.
With the rapid development of the organic food industry in China, an increasing number of companies have been entering into the green food sector to utilize market opportunities. In 1990, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture began to promote the production of green food. In 1992, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture established the China Green Food Development Center (CGFDC) to supervise the development and management of green food at the national and provincial levels in the PRC. In 1993, the PRC Ministry of Agriculture established regulations for green food labeling; in 1996, a trademark for green food was registered and put into use in the PRC.
Crops grown with the use of our products are qualified for the “AA Green Food” certificate. As noted above, the “AA” rating indicates that the crops contain minimal chemical residue from fertilizers. Although our products are not qualified for the “AA Green Food” certificate, they are (except for the products from Gufeng) certified as “Green Food Production Material” by the CGFDC.
According to the statistics from the CGFDC, China’s annual output of green food reached 15 million tons in 2008. However, the domestic consumption level remains relatively low, comprising approximately 3% of the market share of food commodities. The low consumption level is primarily due to: (i) small scale of production of green food; (ii) lack of consumer awareness of green food and (iii) the presence of counterfeit green food products that adversely affect consumers’ perception of green food.
As described by the CGFDC, the development strategies for China’s green food industry are as follows: first, maintain high quality standards and focus on developing key products; second, promote and facilitate the industrialization of green food; third, implement an integrated development strategy emphasizing producers, production base and farmers; fourth, accelerate the pace of development with the aid of the government; and fifth, to carry out an international development strategy aimed at promoting exports.
According to the Investment and Forecast Report on China Green Food Industry 2012-2016 by Research in China, a Chinese market research company, the green food industry is a high growth industry with significant investment potential. According to the report, leading green food producers will experience huge growth when they achieve national and provincial agricultural industrialization with the support of favorable government policies and tax incentives.
Growth Strategy
We believe that our increased production capacity and our research and development capability, along with the new sales segment, positions us to benefit from the anticipated growth of the PRC fertilizer market. We expect to expand sales and grow revenues through the following strategies:
☐ Expand Capacity and Diversify Product Offerings. Our current annual fertilizer production capacity is 555,000 metric tons and our production portfolio of fertilizers includes 416 products. In the future, we will expand our existing production lines, develop new products and acquire certain PRC fertilizer manufacturers that complement our product lines.
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☐ Capitalize on Synergies Created by Research and Development Efforts. Regarding the construction of Yuxing’s research and development center, we have established 98 sunlight greenhouses and six “intelligent” greenhouses. We expect the Yuxing facility to help us shorten the fertilizer market cycle by providing an advanced testing field for new products which are manufactured by Jinong. In addition, by making efforts in research and development, we expect to simultaneously facilitate the production of superior agricultural products, such as flower bulbs, flowers, fruits and vegetables, which would eventually increase revenues.
☐ Develop new advanced highly efficient fertilizers. The new fertilizer products represented by slow controlled-release fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and others, are developed rapidly with high market expansion. Gufeng develops the “Tianjuyuan” controlled-release fertilizer. The objective is to provide Gufeng with fertilizer agent to improve the control release effectiveness when producing controlled-release compound fertilizers. We expect that Gufeng’s controlled-release compound fertilizer will have an advantageous position in the market.
Products
Our principal products are our own fertilizers, which consist of liquid, granular and powdered fertilizers and various kinds of compound fertilizers developed to increase crop yields. We can manufacture 416 fertilizer products from humic acid-based fertilizers to compound fertilizers. In Yuxing, we produce high quality agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers for commercial sale. In our sales segment, we sell various products such as fertilizers, pesticides, and seeds. These products are either manufactured by us or by other manufacturers.
Fertilizer Products
Fertilizer manufacturing is our core business, which accounts for approximately 88.4% of total revenues. The self-manufactured fertilizers are produced and sold through Jinong and Gufeng. We believe that Jinong utilizes one of the most advanced automated humic acid production lines in China. Humic acid is a complex with natural, organic ingredients essential to make soil fertile. Humic acid-rich material, such as peat, lignite or weathered coal generating naturally from decomposed plant or animal remains, is one of the major organic constituents for soil composition. Humic acid exhibits a high capacity for cation exchange (a chemical process in which cations of like charge are exchanged equally between a solid and a solution), which serves to chelate plant nutrient elements and release them as the plant requires. The chelation process prevents leaching of nutrients by holding them in the soil solution. Moreover, humic acids can bind soil toxins along with plant nutrients, thereby strongly stabilizing soil. The regular use of humic acid organic liquid compound fertilizer can effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizer, insecticide, herbicide and water. This mechanism contributes to environmental protection by preventing contamination of water sources caused by runoff.
In nature, humic acid improves soil structure and aeration, nutrient absorption and water retention. It also increases soil’s buffering capacity against fluctuations in PH levels, and reduces soil crusting and erosion from wind and water as well as radical toxic pollutants. Humic acid promotes the developing of root systems, seed germination and overall plant growth. It also enhances health, resilience and overall appearance of plants. We believe there is no synthetic material currently known to match humic acid’s effectiveness and versatility.
The pure humic acid used in our fertilizers is distilled and extracted from weathered coal by way of alkaline digestion and acid recrystallization. Our Jinong fertilizers are principally used as a foliar fertilizer (a liquid, water-soluble fertilizer applied to a plant’s foliage by a fine spray, so the plant absorbs the nutrients through its leaves), through spraying directly on soil or injecting into the irrigation systems. Benefits of using our products are to stimulate the growth and yield of plants, protecting them from drought, disease and temperature damages while improving soil structure and fertility.
Gufeng and Tianjuyuan produce compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. Gufeng sells its products under four brands: “KEBA”, “Mei Er An”, “Huang Cheng Gen” and “SPR HOP,” which are all registered trademarks in the PRC. Tianjuyuan’s products are marketed under the brands “AGR GFJ” and “T.J.Y.” which are both PRC registered trademarks.
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We have a multi-tiered product line of 416 fertilizer products, covering humic acid-based compound fertilizer produced through Jinong, and organic/inorganic compound fertilizer through Gufeng.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, we recorded $160,657,513, $200,245,680, and $200,185,739, respectively, in gross revenues from sales of our fertilizer products, representing 88.4%, 83.5%, and 80.3% of our total revenues for such periods. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan manufacture a total of 336 fertilizer products. 47.7% of Gufeng’s fertilizer revenue came from humic acid compound fertilizers and 52.3% from compound fertilizer for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
Agricultural Products
Our subsidiary, Yuxing, one of Jinong’s VIEs, produces top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings for commercial sale. The gross revenues from the sale of our agricultural products for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, were $11,356,390, $11,038,666, and $9,227,113, respectively, representing 6.2%, 4.6%, and 3.7% of our total revenues, respectively.
Yuxing was originally established to be the research and development base for humic acid fertilizers produced by Jinong. By simulating the growing conditions and cycles of various plants, such as flowers, vegetables and seedlings, Yuxing regularly conducts experimental testing to enhance the efficacy of our new fertilizers.
Fertilizer Manufacturing Process
Our production lines employ scientifically designed production procedures and strict quality control systems to ensure high quality in our products. These production lines are fully automated and operated by a central control system with minimal manual input by technicians. The machinery and vats for the line are supplied by a local medical machinery manufacturer and the automatic control systems were developed by us. Our access management system always protects the proprietary ingredient mixes from any unauthorized use. Our computer server is connected to the electronic scales on each of the material input bins to ensure that the exact quantity of each element or ingredient is delivered correctly, thus maintaining product quality and reduce waste. Our production line producing liquid fertilizer and powered fertilizer is centrally controlled by a wireless panoramic audio and video monitoring system that allows connectivity with mobile terminals such as cell phones.
In Jinong, we operate a 6,495 square meters (69,911 square feet) facility that manufactures liquid fertilizer products and a 13,803-square meter (148,576 square feet) facility that produces liquid and highly concentrated (powdered) fertilizers. Jinong’s total annual production capacity at these facilities is 55,000 metric tons.
In Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, we operate eight manufacturing facilities located in No. 6 Mafang Logistics Park, Pinggu, Beijing. These facilities produce various kinds of fertilizers and have a total annual production capacity of 500,000 metric tons.
The manufacturing techniques utilized by Gufeng include extruder granulation, rotary drum steam granulation, urea-based spraying granulation and resin-coated sustained release, which enable Gufeng to effectively meet the production requirements of all different compound fertilizers. To ensure high quality, Gufeng and Tianjuyuan employ strict quality controls from the raw materials purchases to the products sales to end users.
We produced and sold a total of approximately 287,160 metric tons of fertilizer products during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
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Raw Materials and Suppliers
Fertilizer Products
Among the three materials utilized to produce humic acid (weathered coal, lignite and peat), we have chosen weathered coal as a key raw material because it is abundant and economical for production. We have been sourcing the humic acid from different regions including Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
In addition to weathered coal, we use approximately 50 different components in our production process, including elements such as sodium, calcium, zinc, iron and potassium, all of which can be readily obtained from local markets. We utilize spectral analysis technology to select raw materials with the best quality, and we have specially trained buyers to ensure the consistency of raw materials procured.
The fertilizer products that Gufeng and Tianjuyuan manufacture incorporate over 50 different raw materials, including coal, sulfuric acid and NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) related compounds such as amide and hydro nitrogen. Gufeng sources these supplies largely from neighboring provinces and regions, such as Hebei and Shaanxi provinces, and the Municipality of Beijing, for the economical transportation costs.
Our products are packaged in bottles, bags and boxes. Each type of packaging material, along with packaging labels, is readily available for purchase from manufacturers in Shaanxi, Beijing, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces.
Agricultural Products
The plants that generate our top-grade flowers and multi-colored seedlings are mainly planted and cultivated in research and development facilities maintained by Yuxing. We purchase seeds of green vegetables and fruits from agricultural companies, such as RijkZwaan Company, which imports the seeds from foreign markets, including Holland. We cultivate our agricultural products by applying fertilizers produced by Jinong.
Inventory
For our fertilizer products, our efficient production methods allow us to maintain appropriate inventory levels, which keep inventory costs reasonable. We purchase raw materials and packaging materials based on demands and business forecasts. Products, in various formulas and different batches, with customized volumes, are shipped to distributors and users after production in response to orders we receive.
For our agricultural products, we maintain corresponding inventory to both the anticipated demand from customers and other needs, as we often use certain agricultural products to serve our product testing base for research and development purposes.
Seasonality
The peak season to sell fertilizer products is from January through June. However, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Jinong did not experience significant seasonal variation with respect to its fertilizer sales since approximately 44.8% of its annual sales revenue occurred in the third fiscal quarter (winter) and the fourth fiscal quarter (spring). Usually, Gufeng’s sales of compound fertilizer undergoes significant seasonal variation in China. Correspondingly, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Gufeng experienced seasonal variation. 65.0% of Gufeng’s annual sales revenue occurred in the third fiscal quarter (winter) and the fourth fiscal quarter (spring).
The purchase of its raw material, basic fertilizers, is affected by the supply and demand in the fertilizer market with seasonality. Over non-peak sales season, when the raw material price is low and economical, Gufeng may choose to place larger orders for raw materials as its export business offsets the seasonality when exports are made to southern Asia, such as India, where the selling season corresponds to the non-peak season in China.
The peak selling season for our agricultural products is from October until March, namely our second fiscal quarter (fall) and the third fiscal quarter (winter). This is primarily due to the strong demand for high-end fruits and decorative flowers during the holiday seasons.
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Marketing, Distribution and Customers
Overview
We currently market our own fertilizer products to private wholesalers and retailers of agricultural farm products in 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. For the fiscal year 2022, the following five PRC provinces collectively accounted for 70.2% of our fertilizer manufacturing revenue: Hebei (34.4%), Heilongjiang (12.6%), Inner Mongolia (9.4%), Liaoning (9.1%), and Shaanxi (4.7%). We believe this geographically diverse distribution helps us to become a leader in the compound fertilizer market as compared to regional competitors because we are not heavily dependent on any single geographic area for sales and are able to raise our brand and product awareness nationwide. We also manufacture our fertilizer products for export through contracted distributors in foreign countries, including India and Africa. Total revenues from exported products accounted for approximately 0.3% of our total fertilizer revenues in fiscal 2022.
Our agricultural products are distributed through various channels in Shaanxi Province and other provinces. Decorative flowers are usually sold through our fertilizer distributors to end-users such as flower shops, luxury hotels and government agencies. Fruits and vegetables are sold to high-end supermarkets and upscale restaurants. Seedlings are sold primarily to departments of city planning.
A multi-tiered product strategy allows us to tailor our fertilizer products to the needs and preferences of the various geographic regions in China. Our fertilizers can be tailored to different crops grown in varying climate and soil conditions. For example, climate and rainfall conditions in Southern and Eastern China allow farmers to grow high margin crops such as fruit and seasonal vegetables. As a result, these farmers are willing to invest in expensive and specialized fertilizers. In contrast, we market low-cost fertilizers to farmers in the Northwest areas of China due to the inclement weather.
Our research and development capabilities allow us to tailor products to meet specific farming needs in considering different factors such as crops species, humidity, weather and soil conditions.
Marketing
Our marketing staff is trained to closely work with distributors and customers, including retailers and farmers, providing professional advice on customizing our products to customer needs and offering agricultural knowledge and other extensive customer support. In addition, our employees educate and communicate with distributors and customers by regularly organizing training courses on new agricultural techniques.
Compared with industry norms, we believe our product development cycle of three to nine months is relatively short. Through our regular collection of market data, including growth records of a variety of plants cultivated in different soil and climate conditions, together with feedbacks from our end-users, we can conduct nationwide market analysis, ascertain new product needs, estimate demand and customer demographics and develop new products tailored to current market needs.
Although we utilize television advertisements and mass media, most of our marketing efforts are conducted through joint activities with distributors. Our sales and marketing staff work with and train distributors and retail clients through lectures and interactive meetings. We emphasize the technological components of our products to end-users to help them understand the differences in products and how to effectively use them. Word-of-mouth advertising and sample trials of new products in new areas are also essential components of our marketing efforts. In addition, we have established nationwide telephone hotlines to answer questions and have constructed an SMS text message platform to allow real-time interaction with customers.
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Our best-selling self-manufactured fertilizers, based on revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, are listed below:
| Percent of | ||||||||||||||
| Volume | Revenues | Fertilizer | ||||||||||||
| Ranking | Product Names | (Tons) | (USD) | Sales | ||||||||||
| 1 | Organic/Inorganic Compound Fertilizer (humic acid) NPK46% | 102,528 | 48,749,704 | 29.5 | % | |||||||||
| 2 | Gufeng Compound Fertilizer NPK40% | 108,463 | 48,130,731 | 29.1 | % | |||||||||
| 3 | Gufeng Compound Fertilizer Other | 8,270 | 1,867,499 | 1.1 | % | |||||||||
| 4 | Gufeng Compound Fertilizer NPK51% | 2,748 | 1,243,049 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||
| 5 | Jinong Chongshifei Fertilizer (humic acid) | 676 | 1,182,603 | 0.7 | % | |||||||||
COVID-19 Update
In the fiscal year 2020, the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) spread rapidly across the world in the first half year of 2020 and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted our business operations, including our employees, customers, partners, and communities. The government and private sector responses to contain its spread began to significantly affect our operating businesses in February and March and adversely affected nearly all our operations in the second quarter, although such effects may vary significantly. The duration and extent of the effects over longer terms cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The risks and uncertainties resulting from the pandemic that may affect our future earnings, cash flows and financial condition include the closure of our various office buildings and facilities and the long-term effect on the demand for our products and services. Accordingly, significant estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements including the evaluations of bad debt expense. More information concerning the effects of COVID-19 is included in Note 22.
Fertilizer Products
The fertilizer product market in China is highly fragmented. Our primary sales strategy is to establish contractual relationships with qualified distributors throughout the country, who, in turn, will distribute our products to wholesalers and retailers, and ultimately, the farmers.
As of June 30, 2022, we sold our products through a nationwide constructed network of about 1,398 distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China.
The distributors sell our products to the smaller, local wholesale and retail outlets who then sell to the end-users, typically farmers. We do not grant provincial or regional exclusivity because there is currently no single distributor sufficiently dominant to warrant exclusivity. We enter into non-exclusive written distribution agreements with chosen distributors that demonstrate their ability in regional sales networks. The distribution agreements do not dictate distribution quantity because changes in weather and local market could dramatically affect sales quotas.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, sales of our self-manufactured products to our top five distributors accounted for approximately 49.9% of our revenues. As we do not depend on specific customers, we believe that the loss of single customers would not have any significant effect on our business.
Agricultural Products
We distribute our agricultural products through several networks depending on the type of product. Our top-grade flowers are mainly distributed through our fertilizer distribution network; our green vegetables and fruits are mainly distributed to a variety of wholesale markets and supermarkets in Xi’an, while our multi-colored seedlings are distributed to the seedling centers and planting companies in China with which we have had long-term cooperation.
Retail Stores and Authorized Retailers
We have successfully implemented two marketing programs in Shaanxi, Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu and Guangzhou provinces. These marketing programs consist of: (i) establishment of Company directly owned retail stores to sell fertilizer products produced by Jinong and Gufeng through the designated sales personnel (the “Pilot Program”) and (ii) selection of qualified retailers from the Company’s distributor base to be designated as authorized retailers. With the Pilot Program, we have worked closely with our distributors, with each distributor’s outlet having an assigned territory in order not to compete with other existing distributors. We had entered into agreements with these retailers on their exhibits, and we had well-positioned standardized shelves and product displays in their retail stores. In addition, we provide the retailers with educational materials on proper product use and billboard ads with our product logo to attract target farmers.
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Research and Development
We conduct the bulk of our research and development activities through Yuxing. Through Yuxing, we cultivate high-quality flowers, green vegetables and fruits in our own greenhouses and sell them to various end-users, including airlines, hotels and restaurants. Yuxing operates advanced research and development facilities that: (i) provide testing and an experimental data collection base for new fertilizers produced by Jinong by simulating the growing conditions and development stages of a variety of plants, such as flowers, vegetables and seedlings, and (ii) increase our capability to produce more products while shortening the new product development cycle, which allows us to release products to market quickly, thus increasing revenues and market share. In addition, our research and development capabilities allow us to develop products tailored to specific farming needs generated by different crop species, humidity, weather and soil conditions. Flowers, fruits and vegetables grown from experimental testing of Jinong’s humic acid compound fertilizers are of high quality and are sold to local supermarkets and airline companies.
The capital expenditure and other payments on Yuxing’s construction, net of accumulated depreciation, were approximately $6,988,882, $8,295,772 and $8,414,911 during the fiscal years ending of June 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The research and development center helps expand our output of high-quality agricultural products for commercial sale while providing an advanced testing field for new products. The facility at Yuxing enhances our capability to produce more products while shortening the development cycle, thus increasing revenues and market share. In addition to developing new humic acid-based fertilizer products, we plan to develop other agricultural derivatives such as humic-acid based organic pesticides, which can provide additional revenue sources. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, we sold approximately $11,356,390 of these agricultural products.
| FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | ||||||||||
| Machines, Buildings and Equipment | $ | 6,926,023 | $ | 8,198,256 | $ | 8,355,336 | ||||||
| Construction in Progress | $ | 10,600 | $ | 97,516 | $ | 59,575 | ||||||
| Total | $ | 6,988,882 | $ | 8,295,772 | $ | 8,414,911 | ||||||
New Products
With our research and development capabilities, we have developed 416 products and continue to develop new products. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, we developed 11 new products of liquid fertilizers.
In addition to developing new fertilizer products, we also developed soilless seeding and breeding of colored-leaf plants, rare flowers and new species of fruits and vegetables.
Intellectual Property
We hold the following trademarks registered with the PRC Trademark Offices of National Industrial and Commerce Administrative Bureau (the “PRC Trademark Offices”):
| Trademark | Registration Number | Valid term | ||
| Huang Cheng Gen | No.5219720 | June 28, 2019 to June 27, 2029 | ||
| Mei Er An | No.1508004 | January 21, 2021 to January 20, 2031 | ||
| KEBA | No.10045980 | December 07, 2012 to December 06, 2022 | ||
| KEBA | No.10046405 | December 14, 2012 to December 13, 2022 | ||
| KEBA | No.10045898 | March 07, 2013 to March 06, 2023 | ||
| KEBA | No.10046344 | March 07, 2013 to March 06, 2023 | ||
| AGR GFJ | No.3320281 | May 28, 2014 to May 27, 2024 | ||
| SPR HOP | No.3320282 | May 28, 2014 to May 27, 2024 | ||
| T.J.Y | No.3320283 | May 28, 2014 to May 27, 2024 | ||
| KEBA | No.760379 | August 14, 2005 to August 13, 2025 |
A registered trademark is protected in China for a term of 10 years, and it is renewable for another 10-year term under the PRC trademark law if the renewal application is submitted to the PRC Trademark Offices within 6 months prior to the expiration of the previous term.
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Listed below are Jinong’s four patents for a fertilizer formulation and a proprietary production line and manufacturing processes.
| Inventor’s | Date of | |||||||||
| Patent/Pending | Patent No./ | Name and | Date of | Publication and | ||||||
| Patent Application | Type of Patent | Application No. | Patent Holder | Application | Term | |||||
| Patent: | Utility Model | Application No.: | Applicant: | February 1, 2007 | November 24, | |||||
| Method and recipe of the water-soluble humic acid fertilizers | Patent | ZL200710017334.x | Jinong |
2010; 20 years | ||||||
| Patent: | Utility Model | Application No.: | Applicant: | September 22, 2011 | December 4, 2013; | |||||
| Production method of Organic Fertilizer | Patent | ZL201110282544.8 |
Jinong |
20
years | ||||||
| Patent: | Utility Model | Application No.: | Applicant: | August 15, 2013 | February 11, 2015; | |||||
| Method and recipe of the water-soluble high concentration humic acid fertilizers | Patent | ZL201310357167.9 |
Jinong |
20
years | ||||||
| Patent: | Utility Model | Application No.: | Applicant: | January 17, 2014 | April 08, 2015; | |||||
| Production method of Multifunctional liquid calcium fertilizer | Patent | NL 201410020442.2 | Jinong | 20 Years |
The PRC Patent Law was adopted by the PRC National People’s Congress in 1984 and was subsequently amended in 1992 and 2000. Under the PRC Patent Law, an invention patent is valid for a term of 20 years and a utility or design patent is valid for a term of 10 years. Both of our registered patents are utility patents. Any use of our patent without consent or a proper license from us constitutes an infringement of patent rights.
In addition to trademark and patent protection in China, we also rely on contractual confidentiality provisions to protect our brand and intellectual property rights. To safeguard these rights our research and development personnel and executive officers are subject to confidentiality agreements. They are also subject to a non-competition covenant following the termination of employment. They also agree that all work products belong to us. Moreover, we take steps to limit the number of personnel involved in the production process and, instead of disclosing fertilizer ingredients to employees, we refer to the ingredients by numbers.
Competitive Strengths
We believe our products possess the following competitive advantages which enable us to compete in the PRC fertilizer market.
Nation-wide sales network. In the highly fragmented Chinese fertilizer market, we have established our own distribution channels with private distributors that sell our products to retail stores and farmers throughout China. We have over 1,398 distributors nationwide across 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. Most of our competitors do not have a sales team as large as ours that specializes in the sale of compound fertilizer products. Moreover, we believe the regional strengths of Gufeng’s distribution network have expanded and will continue to expand our sales coverage to certain cities and counties as well as foreign markets.
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Strong Research and Development. Our research and development are managed effectively. Typically, it takes only three to nine months from the decision to develop a new product to mass production, which ensures product flow and helps to maintain market share. Our strong research and development department is based on our intelligent greenhouse facilities. The advanced equipment and soil-free techniques in such facilities simulate the natural environment in different areas and control selected factors. Since most of Jinong’s experimental work is conducted in Yuxing’s greenhouse facilities, thereby speeding up development cycles, we can reduce costs without sacrificing accurate results. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, we generated approximately $11,356,390 revenue from sales of Yuxing’s agricultural products, and we anticipate that this source of revenue will grow in the future. We have built 98 sunlight greenhouses and six intelligent greenhouses on an 88-acre parcel of land relating to Yuxing’s pending research and development center, which expands output of high-quality agricultural products for commercial sale while providing an advanced testing field for new products.
Gufeng and Tianjuyuan have developed seven technologies:
| (1) | Drying fan for urea-based compound fertilizer; |
| (2) | Heat balance control system for flexible compound fertilizer; |
| (3) | Automatic control system for the anti-block of compound fertilizer; |
| (4) | Water control technology for low nitrogen, low potassium and high phosphorus compound fertilizer; |
| (5) | Manufacturing technology for salt-alkaline resistance and soil improvement of compound fertilizer (The company won the third prize for “Progress in Science and Technology in Pinggu District Beijing” with this technology); |
| (6) | Manufacturing technology for compound HA fertilizer with high density (NPK ≥ 51%); and |
| (7) | Manufacturing technology for the sustained release of blending and compound fertilizer. |
While we believe our greenhouse facilities provide us with a competitive advantage over the competitors, some of them may still have better understanding in certain local markets where they have successfully marketed products over a period and have developed specifically formulated fertilizers for local plants, soil and climate conditions. To enhance our competitiveness, we will seek to diversify our fertilizers to benefit a wider range of plants and soil conditions.
Well-known Brands. We believe customers have strong brand recognition and make purchase decisions accordingly. “Jinong”, “KEBA” and “T.J.Y.” are registered trademarks and are well recognized by end users; in addition, certain large national fertilizer traders, such as Sinoagri Holding Company Limited, one of the largest domestic fertilizer traders in China, had strong brand preference for Gufeng’s fertilizer products. Gufeng sells its products under four brands, namely “KEBA”, “Mei Er An”, “Huangchenggen” and “SPR HOP”. Tianjuyuan’s products are marketed under the brands “AGR GFJ” and “T.J.Y.” The primary products sold under the Gufeng and Tianjuyuan brands include organic/inorganic compound fertilizer (humic acid) with NPK ≥ 40%, and organic /inorganic compound fertilizer (humic acid) with NPK ≥ 48%.
Automated Production Line and Process. All Jinong’s major production procedures are controlled by a centralized computer system only accessible by authorized personnel. Jinong’s production lines are fully automated to ensure that content in each product is measured exactly according to its recipe by linking the computer server with the electronic weights on each material input bin. In addition, spectral analysis is used to accurately check the composition of materials. During the fiscal year 2021, Jinong’s highly advanced production lines can manufacture a multi-tiered line of 103 fertilizer products, and we believe that Jinong’s production lines are among the few advanced lines in the Chinese industry. As mentioned above, we have patent protection for Jinong’s two proprietary production lines, one of which has medical grade production equipment with precise quality control, and the other can produce liquid, powder and granular fertilizers. We currently have an annual production capacity of 555,000 metric tons.
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Competition
Fertilizer Products
Based on our internal estimates, there are approximately 2,000 organic fertilizer manufacturers in China, with no discernible market leaders in the sector. We believe our competitors are currently comprised of approximately 90% small-sized local manufacturers and 10% large national manufacturers. We believe we are among the large national fertilizer manufacturers.
Gufeng’s primary competitor is Stanley Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Stanley”), a compound fertilizer manufacturer based in Linyi, Shandong Province, which was listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange (China) in June 2011. Stanley manufactures various kinds of compound fertilizers and tailored fertilizers which directly compete with Gufeng.
The smaller competitors are generally producers of amino acid compound fertilizers, which are very price competitive.
However, lacking adequate quality or process control technologies, these companies often sell products with inconsistent quality.
The Chinese fertilizer market has been fully opened to foreign companies since China’s entry into the World Trade Organization in December 2006. Accordingly, the PRC government has increased its fertilizer import quota and, since January 2007, has reduced the import tariffs on foreign fertilizer to 1%. However, foreign fertilizers are generally more expensive than PRC manufactured fertilizers and are not customized to soil conditions influenced by China’s diverse climate and terrains.
Agricultural Products
The competitive market of our agriculture products varies among our three main products: Top-grade flowers, green vegetables and fruits, multi-colored seedlings.
Top-grade Flowers: The growers in the flowers and flower seedlings businesses are largely locally based. We believe that our flower products have comparative advantages in terms of the advanced technologies we apply, the superior species of the seedlings we select and the efficiency and stability due to strict quality control. In addition, our greenhouse facilities enable us to produce flower seedlings year-round.
Green Vegetables and Fruits: Our competitors are primarily the vegetable planting centers and planters in Shaanxi, Shandong and Gansu provinces that produce vegetables such as cucumbers and peppers. With the aid from our green fertilizers that improve soil conditions and limit bacterial growth, our competitive advantage lies in the advanced greenhouse facilities which contribute to the pollution-free end products.
Multi-colored Seedlings: In the market of Multi-colored seedlings, our competitors are from nationwide. Some of our products, such as red photiniaserrulata, are also imported from other countries with high survival rates.
Government Regulation
Our business operations are subject to various laws, including environmental, health and workplace safety laws issued by governmental agencies on the provincial and state levels. Business and company registrations, along with the products, are monitored through the issuance of licenses and certificates including the following:
“Green” Certification. Except for those manufactured by Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, all our fertilizer products are certified by the CGFDC as “Green Food Production Material”. Currently, the CGFDC provides two different certifications within the green food industry: “Green Food Certification” granted to edible foods, and “Green Food Production Material Certification” granted to production materials such as our fertilizers. A “Green Food Production Material Certification” was issued to Jinong in March 2015 and renewed in 2018 and 2021. The certificate is renewable with an application within 90 days prior to the expiration.
Operating license. Our operating license enables us to (1) undertake research and development, production, sales and services of humic-acid liquid fertilizer, (2) sell pesticides, and (3) export and import products, technology and equipment. Jinong’s license (Registration No. 610000100003655) is valid until August 8, 2057, and the license is renewable. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan maintain valid operating licenses with expiration dates of August 1, 2043 (for the license with Registration No. 110000008250498) and August 7, 2021 (for the license with Registration No.110117003157142), respectively.
Fertilizer Registration. Fertilizer registration is issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and is required for producing fertilizers. There are two kinds of registrations: interim registration and formal registration. The interim registration is valid for one year and applies to fertilizers in the stages of in-the-field testing and test selling; fertilizers that have completed in-the-field testing and test selling must obtain formal registration, which, if granted, is valid for five years, and thereafter must be renewed every five years. Jinong currently holds 16 formal fertilizer registration certificates. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan hold 11 interim fertilizer certificates and 259 formal certificates.
As of the date of this Report, we believe we are in material compliance with all registrations and requirements for the issuance and maintenance of all licenses required to conduct our businesses and operations.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our securities involves risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the following information about these risks, together with the other information contained in this Report. Our business, results of operations or financial condition could be adversely affected by any of these risks, which could result in a decline in the market price of our securities, causing you to lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
The industry in which we do business is highly fragmented and competitive and we face competition from numerous fertilizer manufacturers in China and elsewhere.
We compete with numerous local Chinese fertilizer manufacturers. Although we may have greater resources than many of our competitors, most of which are small local fertilizer companies, it is possible that these competitors have better access in certain local markets, an enhanced ability to customize products to certain regions and better-established local distribution channels. We also compete with large national competitors in the PRC. Although we have advanced automated humic acid-based fertilizer production lines and greenhouse supported research and development centers, we cannot assure that such large competitors will not develop their own similar production or research and development facilities. Further, China’s access into the World Trade Organization has led to increased foreign competition for us. International producers and traders import products into China that generally are of higher quality than those produced by the local Chinese manufacturers. If they are localized and become familiar with fertilizers we produce, we may face additional competition. If we are not successful in our research, development and production of new products and/or in our marketing and advertising efforts to increase awareness of our brands, our revenues could decline, which might have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.
Our major competitors may be able to endure downturns in our industrial sector more than we are. When facing reduced demand for our products, we can either choose to maintain market share by reducing selling prices to meet competition, or to maintain the prices while sacrificing a portion of market share. Our overall profitability likely would be reduced in either case. In addition, we cannot assure you that additional competitors will not enter our existing markets, or that we will be able to compete successfully against existing or new competitors.
If we are unable to design, manufacture, and market fertilizer products in a timely and efficient manner, we may not remain as competitive.
Many of our fertilizer products are characterized by short product development cycles as they target the unique climate and soil conditions where our customers are located. Accordingly, we devote a substantial number of resources to product development. To compete successfully, we must develop new and/or improved fertilizer products that cater to customer needs. New fertilizers may not be easily developed. As a result, we may experience performance difficulties, which may result in delays, setbacks and cost overruns. Our inability to develop and offer new and/or improved fertilizer products or to achieve customer acceptance of these products could limit our ability to compete in the market or to grow revenues at a desired rate.
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Our proprietary fertilizer formula may become obsolete or be unintentionally disclosed to competitors, which could materially adversely affect the competitiveness of our future fertilizer products.
Our proprietary fertilizer formula is the base for producing our fertilizer. Our future success will depend upon our ability to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers by supplying existing humic acid fertilizer products and by developing new products on a timely basis that keep pace with the evolving industry standards and changing customer requests. If our proprietary formula becomes obsolete because our competitors develop better products, our future business and financial results could be adversely affected. In addition, although we have entered into confidentiality agreements with key employees, we cannot assure that if there were a breach of such agreement by an employee, we would not lose any competitive advantage that we currently have with respect to our proprietary fertilizer formula. If we are forced to take legal action to protect our proprietary formula, we will incur significant expense, and a favorable outcome cannot be guaranteed.
If our warehouse selling and credit sales of certain fertilizer products continue to increase and we fail to collect the accounts receivables that are due in a timely manner, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected.
We had accounts receivable of $28,792,891 as of June 30, 2022, as compared to $102,783,004 and $99,052,071 as of June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, decreases of $73,990,113 and increases of $3,730,933, or 72.0% and 3.8% year over year. The decreases were primarily due to discontinuing sales VIEs.
We offer a tentative credit period up to 180 days to our customers. Although we perform routine assessment of our customers’ creditworthiness, evaluate the structure and collectability of accounts receivable and provide an allowance for doubtful accounts, when necessary, we may not be able to receive or collect payment for our products on time or at all if our customers encounter difficulties in their businesses. Any such failure may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operation.
Our concentration of customers could have a material adverse effect on us.
Gufeng’s top five distributors accounted for 80.9% of its revenues, with its largest distributor accounting for 16.4% of total revenues for the 2022 fiscal year. Jinong’s top five distributors accounted for 4.6% of its fertilizer revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. If those major customers reduce or discontinue their product purchases from us and we are unable to find their replacements, it will adversely affect our results of operations.
If we fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we may be exposed to intellectual property infringement and the value of our intellectual property rights could diminish.
Our success, competitive position and future revenues will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our products, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties.
Jinong is the holder of four registered patents. The first patent is a fertilizer formulation named “Method and Recipe of the Water-Soluble Humic Acid Fertilizers.” The second patent, “Production Facility of Humic Acid Products,” relates to our proprietary production line and manufacturing processes in the PRC. The third patent is “Production Method of Organic Fertilizer.” The fourth patent is “Production method of Multifunctional liquid calcium fertilizer.” Gufeng and Tianjuyuan do not have patents but currently possess seven proprietary technologies. However, we cannot predict the degree and range of protection patents and confidentiality agreements with respect to proprietary technologies will defend us against competitors. Third parties may find ways to invalidate or otherwise circumvent our patents and proprietary technologies. Third parties may attempt to obtain patents claiming aspects like our patent applications. We cannot assure you that our current or potential competitors do not have, and will not obtain, patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products in the PRC.
If we need to initiate litigation or administrative proceedings, such actions may be costly and may divert management attention as well as consume other resources which could otherwise have been devoted to our business. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation. In addition, historically, implementation of PRC intellectual property-related laws has been lacking, primarily because of ambiguities in the PRC laws and difficulties in enforcement. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as those in the United States or other countries, which increases the risk that we may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property. Moreover, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Future litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of our management’s attention and resources, and could disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Given the relative unpredictability of China’s legal system and potential difficulties enforcing court judgments in China, there is no guarantee that we would be able to halt any unauthorized use of our intellectual property through litigation.
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If we infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, we could be prevented from selling products, forced to pay damages and compelled to defend against claims by third parties, which, if successful, could cause us to pay significant damage awards and incur other costs.
Our success also depends in large part on our ability to use and develop our technology and know-how without infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties. As litigation becomes more common in the PRC in resolving commercial disputes, we face a higher risk of being the subject of intellectual property infringement claims. The validity and scope of claims relating to humic acid fertilizer production technology and related devices and machine patents involve complex technical, legal and factual questions and analysis and, therefore, may be highly uncertain. Also, the defense and prosecution of intellectual property suits, patent opposition proceedings and related legal and administrative proceedings can be both costly and time consuming and may significantly divert the efforts and resources of our technical and management personnel. An adverse determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party could subject us to significant liability, including damage awards to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties (which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all), to pay ongoing royalties, or to redesign our products or subject us to injunctions preventing the manufacture and sale of our products. Protracted litigation could also result in our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of our products until resolution of such litigation.
Disruptions in the supply of raw materials used in our products could cause us to be unable to meet customer demand in a timely manner, which could result in the loss of customers and net sales or could result in a lower profit margin for us.
Jinong is supplied with approximately fifty different types of raw materials, of which weathered coal is the primary one as it is the raw material from which humic acid is extracted and applied to the manufacturing of our products. Although there are numerous weathered coal suppliers available in the market, we have been using major suppliers of weathered coal in northern China. If suppliers do not intend to supply us the raw material for any reason, or if there are any business interruptions at the suppliers and we are unable to source alternative supplies in a timely manner or on the same terms, we may not be able to meet customer demand for humic acid-based fertilizers in a timely manner or maintain our standards of quality for humic acid-based fertilizers during the transitional period, which may result in the loss of customers and net sales or we may not be able to keep our profit margin as before for our humic acid-based fertilizers.
Gufeng and Tianjuyuan are supplied with over fifty types of raw materials from a diversified pool of suppliers. Neither Gufeng nor Tianjuyuan are dependent on any single supplier for its raw materials; however, if we experience a significant increase in demand or if we need to replace any of these suppliers, we cannot be assured that the adequate supply of raw materials or a replacement supplier will be acquired in a timely manner to avoid any material adverse effect on our business operations and financial condition.
Any significant fluctuation in our production costs may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
The prices for the raw materials and other inputs to manufacture our fertilizer products are subject to market forces largely beyond our control, including the price of weathered coal, energy costs, mineral and non-mineral elements, and freight costs. The costs for these inputs may fluctuate significantly based upon changes in the economy and markets. Although we may pass any increase of such costs to our customers, in the event we are unable to do so, we could incur significant losses and a diminution of our share price.
We do not presently maintain business disruption insurance. Any disruption of the operations in our factories would damage our business.
Our operations could be interrupted by fire, flood, earthquake and other events beyond our control for which we do not carry adequate insurance. While we have property damage insurance and automobile insurance, we do not carry business disruption insurance, which is not readily available in China. Any disruption of the operations in our factories would have a significant negative impact on our ability to manufacture and deliver products, which would cause a potential diminution in sales, the cancellation of orders, damage to our reputation and potential lawsuits.
We do not presently maintain product liability insurance, and our property and equipment insurance does not cover the full value of our property and equipment, which leaves us with exposure in the event of loss or damage to our properties or claims filed against us.
We currently do not carry any product liability or other similar insurance. We cannot assure that we would not face liability in the event of the failure of any of our products. We also cannot assure you that, especially as China’s domestic consumer economy and industrial economy continues to expand, product liability exposure and litigation will not become more commonplace in the PRC, or that we will not face product liability exposure or actual liability as we expand our sales into international markets where product liability claims could be more prevalent.
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The occurrence of any acts of God, war, terrorist attacks and other emergencies which are beyond our control may have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial condition.
Acts of God, war, terrorist attacks and other emergencies which are beyond our control may have a material adverse effect on the economy and infrastructure in the PRC and on the livelihood of the Chinese population. Our business operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected should such events occur. We cannot give assurance that any acts of God such as floods, earthquakes, drought or any war, terrorist attack or other hostilities in any part of the PRC or even the world, potential or threatened, will not, directly or indirectly, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
If we cannot renew our fertilizer registration certificates, we will be unable to sell some or all our products. If we do not receive the formal fertilizer registration certificates for our new products, upon the expiration of the temporary registration certificates, we cannot continue to produce such new products.
All fertilizers produced in China must be registered with the PRC Ministry of Agriculture. No fertilizer can be manufactured without such registration. There are two kinds of registrations: interim registration and formal registration. The interim registration is valid for one year and applies to fertilizers in the stages of in-the-field testing and test selling. Fertilizers that have completed in-the-field testing and test selling must obtain formal registration, which is valid for five years, and thereafter must be renewed each five years. Jinong has 16 formal registration certificates. Gufeng and Tianjuyuan have 19 interim fertilizer certificates and 259 formal certificates. We plan to apply for formal certificates for each of our interim certificates before the applicable expiration dates.
Our belief is that the PRC Ministry of Agriculture generally grants an application for renewal in the absence of illegal activity by the applicant. However, there is no assurance that the PRC Ministry of Agriculture will grant renewal of our formal Fertilizer Registration Certificates. If we cannot obtain the necessary renewal, we will not be able to manufacture and sell such fertilizer products without certificates, which will cause the termination of commercial operations for such fertilizer products. With respect to the transformation of the interim fertilizer registration certificates to formal fertilizer registration certificates, we believe that we can receive formal fertilizer registration certificates for our 19 interim fertilizer registration certificates in due course; however, if the government imposes additional burden on the application procedure or put temporary suspension on its certificate granting process due to any unexpected incidents in China, we cannot assure that our formal fertilizer registration certificates can be obtained without delay or can be obtained at all, in which case our production could be adversely affected.
We may not possess all the licenses required to operate our business or may fail to maintain the licenses we currently hold. This could subject us to fines and other penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
In addition to a fertilizer registration certificate, we are required to hold a variety of other permits, licenses and certificates to conduct our business in China. We may not possess or receive all the permits, licenses and certificates required for our business or for which application has been made. In addition, there may be circumstances under which the approvals, permits, licenses or certificates granted by the governmental agencies are subject to change without substantial notice in advance. If we fail to obtain or to maintain such permits, licenses or certificates or renewals are granted with onerous conditions, we could be subject to fines and other penalties and be limited in the number or the quality of the products that we would be able to offer. As a result, our business, result of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
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Potential environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition.
Our manufacturing operations are subject to numerous laws, regulations, rules and specifications relating to the environment, including, among others, the Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants GB 16297-1996 and the Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area GB 3096-93. Failure to comply with any laws and regulations and future changes to them may result in significant consequences to us, including civil and criminal penalties, liability for damages and negative publicity. Our business and operating results may be materially and adversely affected if we were to be held liable for violating existing environmental regulations or if we were to incur significant expenditures to comply with environmental regulations affecting our operations.
Our success depends on our management team and other key personnel, the loss of any of whom could disrupt our business operations.
We depend, to a large extent, on the abilities and participation of our current management team, with a reliance upon Mr. Zhuoyu Li, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors, and Mr. Zhibiao Pan, the Company’s Co-Chief Executive Officer. The loss of the services of Mr. Li and/or Mr. Pan, for any reason, may have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects. We do not carry key man life insurance for our key personnel.
The agricultural chemicals business is specialized and requires the employment of personnel with significant scientific and operational experience in the industry. Accordingly, we must attract, recruit and retain a sizeable workforce of technically and scientifically competent employees. Our ability to effectively implement our business strategy will depend upon, among other factors, the successful recruitment and retention of additional management and other key personnel that have the necessary scientific, technical and operational skills and experience with the fertilizer industry. These individuals are difficult to find in the PRC and we may not be able to retain such skilled employees. If we are unable to hire individuals with the requisite experience, we may not be able to produce enough products to optimize profits, and the research and development initiatives may be delayed which will negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations and share price.
Mr. Zhuoyu Li, our Chairman and CEO may not devote all his time to our business.
Our Chairman and CEO, Mr. Zhuoyu Li, also serves as Chairman of Xi’an Techteam Science & Technology Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., a company engaged in hi-tech application fields in China, and Chairman and CEO of Xi’an Techteam Investment Holding (Group) Co., Ltd, a holding company for certain entities such as Gem Grain. This may give rise to further allocation of Mr. Li’s time to each business. While Mr. Li anticipates having sufficient time to devote to our business, a lack of adequate time spent by him on our business may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.
Mr. Zhibiao Pan, our co-CEO may not devote all his time to our business.
Our newly appointed co-CEO, Mr. Zhibiao Pan, also serves as the CEO of Poolin Group, a company engaged in blockchain and cryptocurrency business globally. This may give rise to further allocation of Mr. Pan’s time to the business of Poolin Group. While Mr. Pan anticipates having sufficient time to devote to our business, a lack of adequate time spent by him on our business may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and share price.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm our business and have an adverse effect on our stock price.
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to annually furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. Such report must contain, among other matters, an assessment by our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, including a statement as to whether our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of the end of our fiscal year. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management. Performing the system and process documentation and evaluation needed to comply with Section 404 is both costly and challenging. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We cannot provide assurance that we will not fail to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment on an ongoing basis, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and have a material adverse effect on the price of our common stock.
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We are responsible for the indemnification of our officers and directors.
Our Bylaws provide for the indemnification of our directors, officers, employees, and agents, under certain circumstances, against costs and expenses incurred by them in any litigation to which they become a party arising from their association with or activities on our behalf. Consequently, we may be required to expend substantial funds to satisfy these indemnity obligations.
Our inability to effectively improve the financial performance of Gufeng may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
While Gufeng had sales revenues of $102,755,286, for its fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Gufeng’s net income for such period was $(80,547,966). This was primarily due to the lower profit margins on Gufeng’s products, inefficiencies in production and daily operations and negative working capital. In addition, rising transportation costs passed on by Gufeng’s distributors may further erode margins on Gufeng’s products. As Gufeng is based in Beijing, it is susceptible to rising costs of labor common in large cities such as Beijing, which may make it difficult for us to expand the workforce of Gufeng and Tianjuyuan to meet our strategic goals.
Although we have continued making progress in terms of integrating Gufeng’s employees, products and distribution network into our business, there is no assurance that we will be able to continue effectively to do so, which may result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have not obtained the land use right over the premises on which certain facilities of Gufeng, our indirect, wholly owned subsidiary, is located. As a result, the lack of a proper title certificate may jeopardize our right to use the premises and our possession of the buildings we built on such premises.
Through Tianjuyuan, we rent approximately 47,333 square meters (509,488 square feet) of land in the Ping Gu District of Beijing (the “Premises”). Under the rental agreement dated February 16, 2004 with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District (the “rental agreement”), Tianjuyuan rents the land at an annual rent of RMB 35,500 (approximately $5,300). The term of the rental agreement is from February 1, 2004 to January 31, 2054. We were informed by our PRC counsel that the rental agreement is invalid and unenforceable pursuant to the PRC Land Administration Law and related regulations. Therefore, we have been in the process of applying for the proper land use right certificate from the relevant government authorities to legitimize our right over the Premises. As of the date of this report, we were informed by the local government that our application materials for the land use right in issue has been moved up from the department in charge of general matters to the land administrative department of the local government and is under their review. However, there can be no assurance that such land use right certificate will be granted to us. Until we obtain the land use right certificate, there is a risk that the PRC government may declare the rental agreement invalid, evict our personnel from the Premises and tear down the buildings we built on the Premises. As of the date of this Report, we have no knowledge of any pending or threatened governmental actions relating to the Premises.
A severe or prolonged downturn in the global economy could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
The global market and economic conditions during the years 2008 through 2022 were unprecedented and challenging, with recessions occurring in most major economies. Continued concerns about the systemic impact of potential long-term and wide-spread recession, energy costs, geopolitical issues, and the availability and cost of credit have contributed to increased market volatility and diminished expectations for economic growth around the world. The difficult economic outlook has negatively affected businesses and consumer confidence and contributed to volatility of unprecedented levels.
The PRC economy also faces challenges. The PRC government has implemented various measures recently to curb inflation. If economic growth slows or an economic downturn occurs, our business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
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Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC
Substantially all our assets and operations are in the PRC, and substantially all our revenue is sourced from the PRC. Accordingly, our results of operations and financial position are subject to a significant degree to economic, political and legal developments in the PRC, including the following risks:
Changes in the policies of the PRC government could have a significant impact upon the business we may be able to conduct in the PRC and the profitability of such business.
The PRC’s economy is in a transition from a planned economy to a market-oriented economy, subject to five-year and annual plans adopted by the government that set national economic development goals. Policies of the PRC government can have significant effects on economic conditions in China. Our interests may be adversely affected by changes in policies by the PRC government, including:
| ● | changes in laws, regulations or their interpretation; |
| ● | confiscatory taxation; |
| ● | restrictions on currency conversion, imports or sources of supplies and export tariff; |
| ● | expropriation or nationalization of private enterprises. |
Although the PRC government has been pursuing economic reform policies for more than two decades, we cannot assure you that the government will continue to pursue such policies or that such policies may not be significantly altered, especially in the event of a change in leadership, social or political disruption, or other circumstances affecting political, economic and social life in China.
The PRC laws and regulations governing our current business operations are sometimes vague and uncertain. Any changes in such PRC laws and regulations may have a material and adverse effect on our business.
We and any future subsidiaries are considered foreign persons or foreign funded enterprises under PRC laws, and we are subject to PRC laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are sometimes vague and may be subject to future changes, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance from foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from sales in the PRC and any downturn in the Chinese economy could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Substantially all our operations are conducted in the PRC and substantially all our revenues are generated from sales in the PRC. We anticipate that revenues from sales of our products in the PRC will continue to represent a substantial proportion of our total revenues soon. Any significant decline in the condition of the PRC economy could, among other things, adversely affect the consumption of our products, which in turn would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
Inflation in the PRC could negatively affect our profitability and growth.
While the PRC economy has experienced rapid growth, it has been uneven among various sectors of the economy and in different geographical areas of the country. Rapid economic growth can lead to growth in the money supply and rising inflation. If prices for our products do not rise at a rate that is sufficient to fully absorb inflation-driven increases in our costs of supplies, our profitability can be adversely affected.
According to the International Monetary Fund or IMF, the inflation rate in China fluctuated on an annual basis from a low rate of -1.4% in 1999 to the highest rate of 5.9% in 2008. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the year-over-year percent changes in the consumer price index for December 2019, 2020 and 2021 were increases of 4.5%, 0.2% and 1.5%, respectively. These fluctuations and economic factors have led to the adoption by the Chinese government, from time to time, of various corrective measures designed to restrict the availability of credit or regulate growth and contain inflation. To control inflation in the past, the PRC government has imposed controls on bank credits, limits on loans for fixed assets and restrictions on state bank lending. The implementation of these and other similar policies can impede economic growth and thereby harm the market for our products.
Restrictions on investigations by overseas securities regulators.
Under Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law, which became effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator can directly conduct investigations or evidence collection activities within the PRC and no entity or individual in China may provide documents and information relating to securities business activities to overseas regulators without Chinese government approval. As a result, our shareholders may not benefit from a regulatory environment that fosters effective enforcement of U.S. and other securities laws. This could adversely affect investor and shareholder protection, and it could cause securities exchanges and overseas regulators to impose additional requirements on us.
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Recent regulatory developments in China may subject us to additional regulatory review and disclosure requirements, expose us to government interference, or otherwise restrict our ability to offer securities and raise capital outside China, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our securities.
As our operations in China increasingly involve the provision of administrative support as well as information technology services to our operating entities within China, we may be subject to PRC laws relating to, among others, data security and restrictions over foreign investments in value-added telecommunications services and other industry sectors set out in the Special Administrative Measures (Negative List) for the Access of Foreign Investment (2020 Edition). Specifically, we may be subject to PRC laws relating to the collection, use, sharing, retention, security, and transfer of confidential and private information, such as personal information and other data. These PRC laws apply not only to third-party transactions, but also to transfers of information between us and our wholly foreign-owned enterprises in China, and other parties with which we have commercial relations. These PRC laws and their interpretations and enforcement continue to develop and are subject to change, and the PRC government may adopt other rules and restrictions in the future.
The recent regulatory developments in China, with respect to restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore, and the government-led cybersecurity reviews of certain companies with VIE structures, may lead to additional regulatory review in China over our financing and capital raising activities in the United States.
Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, which was promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on November 7, 2016 and took effect on June 1, 2017, personal information and important data collected and generated by a critical information infrastructure operator in the course of its operations in China must be stored in China, and if a critical information infrastructure operator purchases internet products and services that affect or may affect national security, it should be subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC. The PRC Cybersecurity Law also establishes more stringent requirements applicable to operators of computer networks, especially to operators of networks which involve critical information infrastructure. The PRC Cybersecurity Law contains an overarching framework for regulating Internet security, protection of private and sensitive information, and safeguards for national cyberspace security and provisions for the continued government regulation of the Internet and content available in China. The PRC Cybersecurity Law emphasizes requirements for network products, services, operations and information security, as well as monitoring, early detection, emergency response and reporting. Due to the lack of further interpretations, the exact scope of “critical information infrastructure operator” remains unclear. On July 10, 2021, the CAC publicly issued the Cybersecurity Review Measures (the “Draft Measures”) for public comments until July 25, 2021. According to the Draft Measures, the scope of cybersecurity reviews is extended to data processing operators engaging in data processing activities that affect or may affect national security. The Draft Measures further requires that any operator applying for listing on a foreign exchange must go through cybersecurity review if it possesses personal information of more than one million users. According to the Draft Measures, a cybersecurity review assesses potential national security risks that may be brought about by any procurement, data processing, or overseas listing. The review focuses on several factors, including, among others, (1) the risk of theft, leakage, corruption, illegal use or export of any core or important data, or a large amount of personal information, and (2) the risk of any critical information infrastructure, core or important data, or a large amount of personal information being affected, controlled or maliciously exploited by a foreign government after a company is listed overseas. While the Draft Measures had been released for consultation purpose, there is still uncertainty regarding the Draft Measures as to its final content, its adoption timeline or effective date, its final interpretation and implementation, and other aspects. Furthermore, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress passed the Personal Information Protection Law of the PRC (“PIPL”), which will become effective from November 1, 2021, and requires general network operators to obtain a personal information protection certification issued by recognized institutions in accordance with the CAC regulation before such information can be transferred out of China.
On July 30, 2021, in response to the recent regulatory developments in China and actions adopted by the PRC government, the Chairman of the SEC issued a statement requesting additional disclosures from offshore issuers with China-based operating companies before their registration statements will be declared effective, including detailed disclosure related to VIE structures and whether the VIE and the issuer, when applicable, received or were denied permission from the PRC authorities to list on U.S. exchanges and the risks that such approval could be denied or rescinded. On August 1, 2021, the CSRC issued a statement that it had taken note of the new disclosure requirements announced by the SEC regarding the listings of Chinese companies and the recent regulatory developments in China, and that the securities regulators in both countries should strengthen communications on regulating China-related issuers.
As of the date of this report, we have taken preliminary steps to expand our business into that of blockchain applications and cryptocurrency mining in international markets. Our remaining operations in China do not involve the processing of any significant amount of personal information. However, if the enacted version of the Draft Measures mandates clearance of cybersecurity review and other specific actions to be completed by companies aiming to offer securities outside China, we cannot assure you that the PRC regulatory authorities will not subsequently require us to undergo the approval procedures and subject us to penalties for non-compliance, or that if we are required to obtain such clearance, such clearance can be timely obtained, or at all. If we become subject to cybersecurity inspection and/or review by the CAC or other PRC authorities or are required by them to take any specific actions, it could cause suspension or termination of the future offering of our securities, disruptions to our operations, result in negative publicity regarding our company, and divert our managerial and financial resources. We may also be subject to significant fines or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Our subsidiaries are subject to restrictions on paying dividends and making other payments to our subsidiary, Green New Jersey; as a result, we might therefore be unable to pay dividends to you.
We are a holding company incorporated in the State of Nevada and do not have any assets or conduct any business operations other than our investments in our subsidiaries, Green New Jersey, Jinong, Gufeng, and the VIE company. Because of our holding company structure, we rely entirely on dividends payments from our subsidiaries in the PRC. PRC regulations currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits, as determined in with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC accounting standards and regulations, our subsidiaries are also required to set aside a portion of their after-tax profits to fund certain reserves. We may experience difficulties such as lengthy processing time from the foreign exchange administrative bureau’s side and administrative formalities in completing the procedures necessary to obtain and remit foreign currency. Furthermore, if any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other payments. If we or Green New Jersey are unable to receive any profits from the operations of our subsidiaries in the PRC, we may be unable to pay dividends to our common stockholders.
Governmental control of currency conversion may affect the value of our common stock.
The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of Renminbi (“RMB”) into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of the PRC. We receive substantially all our revenues in RMB, which is currently not a freely convertible currency. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict our ability to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends, or otherwise satisfy foreign currency denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and expenditures from the transaction, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from appropriate governmental authorities is required where RMB is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of the PRC to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of bank loans denominated in foreign currencies.
The PRC government also may at its discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay certain of our expenses as they come due.
The fluctuation of RMB may materially and adversely affect our common stock.
The value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. As we rely entirely on revenues earned in the PRC, any significant revaluation of RMB may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenues and financial condition. For example, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we receive from an offering of our securities into RMB for our operations, appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar could lead the RMB equivalent of the U.S. dollars to be reduced and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, if we decide to convert our RMB into U.S. dollars for making dividend payments on our common stock or for other business purposes and the U.S. dollar appreciates against the RMB, the U.S. dollar equivalent of the RMB we convert would be reduced. In the fiscal year 2022, China’s currency decreased by a cumulative 3.4% against the U.S. dollar on hopes of boosting the domestic economy, making Chinese exports more expensive and imports into China cheaper by that amount. The effect on trade can be substantial. In addition, the depreciation of significant U.S. dollar denominated assets could result in a charge to our income statement and a reduction in the value of these assets.
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PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC domestic residents may subject our PRC resident beneficial owners to personal liability, limit our ability to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries, limit our subsidiaries’ ability to increase their registered capital or distribute profits to us, or may otherwise adversely affect us.
SAFE promulgated the Circular on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Control on Domestic Residents’ Offshore Investment and Financing and Roundtrip Investment through Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 37, on July 4, 2014, which replaced the former circular commonly known as “SAFE Circular 75” promulgated by SAFE on October 21, 2005. SAFE Circular 37 (the “SAFE Notice”) requires PRC residents to register with local branches of SAFE regarding their direct establishment or indirect control of an offshore entity, for overseas investment and financing, with such PRC residents’ legally owned assets or equity interests in domestic enterprises or offshore assets or interests, referred to in SAFE Circular 37 as a “special purpose vehicle” (the “SPV”). SAFE Circular 37 further requires amendment to the registration in the event of any significant changes with respect to the special purpose vehicle, such as increase or decrease of capital contributed by PRC individuals, share transfer or exchange, merger, division or other material event. Under the SAFE Notice, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth above could result in liability under Chinese law for foreign exchange evasion and may result in penalties and legal sanctions, including fines, the imposition of restrictions on a Chinese subsidiary’s foreign exchange activities and its ability to distribute dividends to the SPV, its ability to pay the SPV proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation in respect of the Chinese subsidiary and the SPV’s ability to contribute additional capital into or provide loans to the Chinese subsidiary. After consultation with China counsel, we do not believe that any of our PRC domestic resident stockholders are subject to the SAFE registration requirement. However, we cannot provide any assurances that all our stockholders who are PRC residents will not be required to make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by these SAFE regulations in the future. The failure or inability of our PRC resident stockholders to comply with the registration procedures set forth therein may subject us to fines and legal sanctions, restrict our cross-border investment activities, or limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends or obtain foreign-exchange-dominated loans to our company.
As it is uncertain how the SAFE regulations will be interpreted or implemented, we cannot predict how these regulations will affect our business operations or future strategy. For example, we may be subject to more stringent review and approval process with respect to our foreign exchange activities, such as remittance of dividends and foreign-currency-denominated borrowings, which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, if we decide to acquire a PRC domestic company, we cannot assure you that we or the owners of such company will be able to obtain the necessary approvals or complete the necessary filings and registrations required by the SAFE regulations. This may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and could adversely affect our business and prospects.
We may be subject to fines and legal sanctions by SAFE or other PRC government authorities if we or our employees who are PRC citizens fail to comply with PRC regulations relating to employee stock options granted by offshore listed companies to PRC citizens.
On March 28, 2007, SAFE promulgated the Operating Procedures for Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock Option Plans of Offshore Listed Companies, or Circular 78. Under Circular 78, Chinese citizens who are granted share options by an offshore listed company are required, through a Chinese agent or Chinese subsidiary of the offshore listed company, to register with SAFE and complete certain other procedures, including applications for foreign exchange purchase quotas and opening special bank accounts. We and our Chinese employees who have been granted share options are subject to Circular 78. Failure to comply with these regulations may subject us or our Chinese employees to fines and legal sanctions imposed by SAFE or other PRC government authorities and may prevent us from further granting options under our share incentive plans to our employees. Such events could adversely affect our business operations.
Our business and financial performance may be materially adversely affected if the PRC regulatory authorities determine that our acquisition of Jinong constitutes a Round-trip Investment without the PRC Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM”) approval.
On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies promulgated the Regulation on Merger and Acquisition of Domestic Companies by Foreign Investors (the “2006 M&A Rules”), which became effective on September 8, 2006. According to the 2006 M&A Rules, a “Round-trip Investment” is defined as having taken place when a PRC business that is owned, directly or indirectly, by PRC individual(s) is sold to a non-PRC entity that is established or controlled, directly or indirectly, by those same PRC individual(s) and their PRC affiliates. Under the 2006 M&A Rules, any Round-trip Investment must be approved by the MOFCOM. The application of the 2006 M&A Rules with respect to the definition of Round-trip Investment remains unclear, with no consensus currently existing among the leading PRC law firms regarding the definition, scope of the applicability of the MOFCOM approval.
We, through Green New Jersey, acquired 100% of the capital stock of Jinong (the “Jinong Acquisition.”) Jinong is a PRC business whose stockholders were two PRC individuals and a PRC entity, of which Mr. Tao Li, our former Chairman and CEO, was the controlling stockholder, holding 31% of its shares. The PRC regulatory authorities could take the view that the Jinong Acquisition may be part of a Round-trip Investment. The PRC legal counsel of Jinong has opined that the Jinong Acquisition did not violate any PRC law, which would include the 2006 M&A Rules. We, however, cannot assure you that the PRC regulatory authority, MOFCOM, will take the same view as the PRC legal counsel. If the PRC regulatory authorities take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a Round-trip Investment under the 2006 M&A Rules, we cannot be assured that we may be able to obtain the approval required from MOFCOM.
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If the PRC regulatory authorities take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a Round-trip Investment without MOFCOM approval, they could invalidate our acquisition and ownership of Jinong. Additionally, the PRC regulatory authorities may take the view that the Jinong Acquisition constitutes a transaction which requires the prior approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or CSRC, before MOFCOM approval is obtained. We believe that if this takes place, we may be able to find a way to re-establish control of Jinong’s business operations through a series of contractual arrangements rather than an outright purchase of Jinong. We cannot assure you that such contractual arrangements will be protected by PRC law or that we can receive as complete or effective economic benefit and overall control of Jinong’s business than if the Company had direct ownership of Jinong. In addition, we cannot assure you that such contractual arrangements can be successfully affected under PRC law. If we cannot obtain MOFCOM or CSRC approval if required by the PRC regulatory authorities to do so, and if we cannot put in place or enforce relevant contractual arrangements as an alternative and equivalent means of control of Jinong, our corporate structure could be materially adversely affected.
Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing may result in adverse tax consequences to us.
We could face material and adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing were not made on an arm’s length basis and adjust our income and expenses for PRC tax purposes in the form of a transfer pricing adjustment. A transfer pricing adjustment could result in a reduction, for PRC tax purposes, of adjustments recorded by Yuxing, which could adversely affect us by increasing Yuxing’s tax liability without reducing Jinong’s tax liability, which could further result in late payment fees and other penalties to Yuxing for underpaid taxes.
We control Yuxing through contractual arrangements which may not be as effective in providing control over Yuxing as direct ownership, and if Yuxing or its shareholders breach the contractual arrangements, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law, which may not be available or effective, to enforce or protect our rights.
Effective June 16, 2013, we conduct substantially all our operations on agriculture products, and generate substantially all our revenues from agriculture products, through contractual arrangements with our VIE, Yuxing, that provide us, through our ownership of Green New Jersey and its ownership of Jinong, with effective control over Yuxing. We have no direct ownership interest in Yuxing. We depend on Yuxing to hold and maintain agriculture products contracts with our customers. Yuxing also owns substantially all our property, facilities and other assets relating to the operation of our agriculture products business and employs the personnel for substantially all our agriculture products business. Neither we nor Jinong has any direct ownership interest in Yuxing. Although we believe that that each contract under Jinong’s contractual arrangements with Yuxing is valid, binding and enforceable under current PRC laws and regulations in effect, these contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over Yuxing as direct ownership of Yuxing would be. In addition, Yuxing may breach the contractual arrangements. For example, Yuxing may decide not to make contractual payments to Jinong, and consequently to us, in accordance with the existing contractual arrangements. In the event of any such breach, we would have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may not always be available or effective, particularly considering uncertainties in the PRC legal system.
Yuxing may also seek to renew its agreements on terms that are disadvantageous to us. Although we have entered into a series of agreements that provide us with substantial ability to control Yuxing, we may not succeed in enforcing our rights under them insofar as our contractual rights and legal remedies under PRC law are inadequate. If we are unable to renew these agreements on favorable terms when these agreements expire or enter into similar agreements with other parties, our business may not be able to operate or expand, and our operating expenses may significantly increase.
In addition, although we do not rely on Yuxing’s revenue, Yuxing’s VIE structure is subject to uncertainty amid the PRC’s changing legislative practice. In January 2015, China’s Ministry of Commerce unveiled draft legislation that could change how the government regulates corporate structures, especially for VIEs controlled by foreign investments. Instead of looking at “ownership,” the draft law focuses on the entities or individuals who control a VIE. If a VIE is deemed to be controlled by foreign investors, it may be barred from operating in restricted sectors or the prohibited sectors listed on a “negative list,” where only companies controlled by Chinese nationals could operate, even if structured as VIEs.
If the draft law is implemented in any form, and the Company’s business is characterized as one of the “restricted” or “prohibited” sectors, Yuxing may be barred from operation, which would materially adversely affect our business.
PRC laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our contractual arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation of such PRC laws and regulations, we could be subject to sanctions. In addition, changes in such PRC laws and regulations may materially and adversely affect our business.
There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of Yuxing’s contractual arrangements with Jinong. Jinong is considered a foreign invested enterprise under PRC law. As a result, Jinong is subject to PRC law limitations on its businesses and foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.
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The PRC government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and requiring actions necessary for compliance. Licenses and permits issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked later by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations on our businesses. We cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws or regulations. As a result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The PRC environmental laws and regulations may adversely impact on our business.
Our manufacturing operations are subject to numerous environmental laws, ordinances and regulations. These laws, ordinances and regulations address and regulate, among other matters, wastewater discharge, air quality and the generation, handling, storage, treatment, disposal and transportation of solid and hazardous waste. It is possible that compliance with a new regulatory requirement could impose significant compliance costs on us. Such costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The increased global focus on environmental and social issues could result in the adoption of more stringent standards in these areas by the PRC.
We believe that we have obtained all permits, licenses and approvals, and filed all registrations required for the conduct of our business, except where the failure to obtain such permit, license or approval, or file any registration would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have not been notified by any governmental authority of any continuing noncompliance, liability or other claim relating to any of our properties or business operations, nor are we aware of any other material environmental condition with respect to any of our properties or arising out of our business operations at any other location.
However, no assurance can be given that all potential environmental liabilities have been identified or properly quantified or that any prior owner, operator, or tenant has not created an environmental condition unknown to us. Moreover, no assurance can be given that (i) future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability or (ii) the current environmental condition of the properties will not be affected by the condition of land or operations near the properties (such as the presence of underground storage tanks), or by third parties unrelated to us.
PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds we receive from any offerings to make loans to our PRC subsidiaries or to make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
We are a holding company in the United States conducting our operations in China through our PRC subsidiaries. In utilizing the proceeds, we may receive from any offerings, we may make loans to our PRC subsidiaries, whether currently in existence or to be formed in the future, or we may make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.
Any loans we make to our PRC subsidiaries cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with SAFE, or its local counterparts. Under applicable PRC law, the government authorities must approve a foreign-invested enterprise’s registered capital amount, which represents the total amount of capital contributions made by the stockholders that have registered with the registration authorities. In addition, the authorities must also approve the foreign-invested enterprise’s total investment, which is equal to the company’s registered capital plus the amount of stockholder loans it is permitted to borrow under the law. The ratio of registered capital to total investment cannot be lower than the minimum statutory requirement. If we make loans to our operating subsidiaries in China that do not exceed the current maximum amount of borrowings, we will have to register each loan with SAFE or its local counterpart for the issuance of a registration certificate of foreign debts. In practice, it could be time-consuming to complete such SAFE registration process. Alternatively, or concurrently with the loans, we might make capital contributions to our operating subsidiaries in China and such capital contributions involve uncertainties of their own. Further, SAFE promulgated a new circular (known as Circular 142) in August 2008 with respect to the administration of conversion of foreign exchange capital contributions of a foreign-invested enterprise. The circular clarifies that RMB converted from foreign exchange capital contributions can only be used for the activities within the approved business scope of such foreign-invested enterprise and cannot be used for domestic equity investments unless otherwise permitted.
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While we do not foresee this to happen soon, with respect to future loans by us to our PRC subsidiaries or with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries, we cannot be assured that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, when the need arises. If circumstances call and if we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we receive from this offering and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially affect our ability to fund and expand our business.
The PRC government has significant influence over companies with China-based operations by enforcing existing rules and regulation, adopting new ones, or changing relevant industrial policies in a manner that may materially increase our compliance cost, change the relevant industry landscape or otherwise cause significant changes to our remaining business operations in China, which could result in material and adverse changes in our operations and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.
The PRC government has significant influence over China-based operations of any company by allocating resources, providing preferential treatment to industries or companies, or imposing industry-wide policies on certain industries. The PRC government may also amend or enforce existing rules and regulation, or adopt ones, which could materially increase our compliance cost, change the relevant industry landscape, or cause significant changes to our business operations in China. In addition, the PRC regulatory system is based in part on government policies and internal guidance, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all, and some of which may even have a retroactive effect. We may not be always aware of all non-compliance incidents, and may face regulatory investigation, fines, and other penalties as a result. As a result of the changes in the industrial policies of the PRC government, including the amendment to and/or enforcement of the related laws and regulations, companies with China-based operations face significant compliance and operational risks and uncertainties. For example, on July 24, 2021, Chinese state media, including Xinhua News Agency and China Central Television, announced a broad set of reforms targeting private education companies providing after-school tutoring services and prohibiting foreign investments in institutions providing such after-school tutoring services. As a result, the market value of certain U.S. listed companies with China-based operations in the affected sectors declined substantially. On August 30, 2021, the PRC government-imposed restrictions over the provision of online gaming services to minors, aiming at curbing excessive indulgence in online gaming and protecting minors’ mental and physical health, which could adversely affect the development of the online gaming industry in China. The PRC government has also imposed severe restrictions over the operations of cryptocurrency business, which changed the entire industry landscape in China. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission of China may classify cryptocurrency mining operations as an industry to be eliminated. We have adopted a development strategy to focus on the development and expansion of our blockchain and cryptocurrency mining operations into international markets. As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any similar regulations that may be adopted to significantly curtail our existing business operations in China. However, if such other adverse regulations or policies are adopted in China, our existing operations in China will be materially and adversely affected, and we may have to relocate our offices and certain assets to international markets outside China, which may significantly disrupt our international operations and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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If we were to be deemed as a “resident enterprise” by PRC tax authorities, we could be subject to tax on our global income at the rate of 25% under the Enterprise Income Tax Law (“2008 EIT Law”) in the PRC and our non-PRC shareholders could be subject to certain PRC taxes.
Under the 2008 EIT Law and the implementing rules, both of which became effective January 1, 2008, an enterprise established outside of the PRC with “de facto management bodies” within the PRC may be considered a PRC “resident enterprise” and will be subject to the enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on its global income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. The implementing rules of the 2008 EIT Law define “de facto management” as “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise. If we were to be considered a “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities, our global income would be taxable under the 2008 EIT Law at the rate of 25% and, to the extent we were to generate a substantial amount of income outside of PRC in the future, we would be subject to additional taxes. In addition, the dividends we pay to our non-PRC enterprise shareholders and gains derived by such shareholders from the transfer of our shares may also be subject to PRC withholding tax at the rate up to 10%, if such income were regarded as China-sourced income. In addition, the circular mentioned above details that certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by Chinese enterprises or Chinese group enterprises will be classified as “resident enterprises” if the following are located or resident in China: senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management; financial and personnel decision making bodies; key properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and stockholders’ meetings; and half or more of the directors with voting rights or senior management. However, as of the date hereof, no final interpretation on the implementation of the “resident enterprise” designation is available. Moreover, any such designation, when made by PRC tax authorities, will be determined based on the facts and circumstances of individual cases. As a result, we cannot determine the likelihood or consequences of our being designated a “resident enterprise” as of the date hereof.
If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise,” we may be subject to enterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide income and dividends paid by us to our non-PRC stockholders as well as capital gains recognized by them with respect to the sale of our stock may be subject to a PRC withholding tax. This will have an impact on our effective tax rate, a material adverse effect on our net income and results of operations, and it may require us to withhold tax on our non-PRC stockholders.
Because our principal assets are located outside of the United States and because almost all our directors and officers reside outside of the United States, it may be difficult for you to use the United States Federal securities laws to enforce your rights against us and our officers and most of our directors or to enforce judgments of United States courts against us or most of our directors and officers in the PRC.
Almost all our present officers and directors reside outside of the United States; accordingly, it may be difficult to serve them with process in case of a legal action against them. In addition, our operating subsidiaries are in the PRC and substantially all their assets are located outside of the United States. It may therefore be difficult for investors in the United States to enforce their legal rights based on the civil liability provisions of the United States Federal securities laws against us or our officers and directors in the courts of either the United States or the PRC and, even if civil judgments are obtained in courts of the United States, to enforce such judgments in PRC courts. It is unclear if extradition treaties now in effect between the United States and the PRC would permit effective enforcement against us or most of our directors and officers of criminal penalties, under the United States Federal securities laws or otherwise. In addition, enforcement of a foreign judgment in the PRC may be limited or otherwise affected by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, arrangement, moratorium or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and will be subject to a statutory limitation of time within which proceedings may be brought.
Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.
We are required to comply with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which generally prohibits United States companies from engaging in bribery or other prohibited payments to foreign officials for obtaining or retaining business. Foreign companies, including some that may compete with us, are not subject to these prohibitions, and therefore may have a competitive advantage over us. Corruption, extortion, bribery, pay-offs, theft and other fraudulent practices may occur in the PRC. If our competitors engage in these practices, they may receive preferential treatment, giving our competitors an advantage in securing business, which would put us at a disadvantage. We can make no assurance that our employees or other agents will not engage in such conduct for which we might be held responsible. If our employees or other agents are found to have engaged in such practices, we could suffer severe penalties and other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may have difficulty managing the risk associated with doing business in the Chinese fertilizer and agricultural products sectors.
In general, the fertilizer and agricultural products sectors in China are affected by a series of factors, including, but not limited to, natural, economic and social such as climate, market, technology, regulation, and globalization, which makes risk management difficult. Fertilizer and agricultural products operations in China face similar risks as present in other countries; however, in the PRC these can either be mitigated or exacerbated due to governmental intervention through policy promulgation and implementation either in the fertilizer and agricultural products or sectors which provide critical inputs to fertilizer and agricultural products such as energy or outputs such as transportation. While not an exhaustive list, the following factors could significantly affect our ability to do business:
| ● | food, feed, and energy demand including liquid fuels and crude oil; |
| ● | agricultural, financial, energy and renewable energy and trade policies; |
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| ● | input and output pricing due to market factors and regulatory policies; |
| ● | production and crop progress due to adverse weather conditions, equipment deliveries, and water and irrigation conditions; and |
| ● | infrastructure conditions and policies. |
Currently, we do not hold and do not intend to purchase insurance policies to protect revenue in the case that the above conditions cause losses of revenue.
Risks Related to an Investment in our Stock.
We may not pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
We paid a cash dividend on January 30, 2015 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on the record date of October 31, 2014. However, we may not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and we may not have sufficient funds legally available to pay dividends. Even if the funds are legally available for distribution, we may nevertheless decide not to pay, or may be unable to pay, any dividends. At present we intend to retain all earnings for our company’s operations.
The market price for our common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, which may adversely affect the price at which you can sell our shares.
The market price for our common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:
| ● | actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operations results; |
| ● | filing of a class action lawsuit against us and certain of our current and former officers; |
| ● | changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts; |
| ● | conditions in foreign or domestic fertilizer and agricultural markets; |
| ● | changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other companies in the same industry; |
| ● | announcements by us or our competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; |
| ● | addition or departure of key personnel; |
| ● | fluctuations of exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar; |
| ● | intellectual property litigation; |
| ● | general economic or political conditions in the PRC; and |
| ● | Other events or factors, many of which are beyond our control. |
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In addition, the securities market has from time-to-time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
We may require additional financing in the future and our operations could be curtailed if we are unable to obtain required additional financing when needed.
We may need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to fund future capital expenditures. Additional equity may result in dilution to the holders of our outstanding shares of capital stock. Additional debt financing may include conditions that would restrict our freedom to operate our business, such as conditions that:
| ● | limit our ability to pay dividends or require us to seek consent for the payment of dividends; |
| ● | increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
| ● | require us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund capital expenditures, working capital and other general corporate purposes; and |
| ● | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry. |
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain any additional financing on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.
A SEC investor bulletin regarding reverse mergers may drive down the market price of our common stock.
On June 9, 2011, the SEC issued an investor bulletin in which it explained the process by which a company becomes a public company by means of a reverse merger, described the potential risks of investing in a reverse merger company and detailed recent enforcement actions taken by it against certain reverse merger companies. The investor bulletin raised specific concerns with respect to foreign companies that access the U.S. markets through the reverse merger process, as we did. The SEC investor bulletin could lead investors in our common stock to sell their shares and may cause other investors not to invest in us, thus driving down the market price of our common stock or making it more difficult for us to raise funds in the future.
Stockholders should have no expectation of any dividends in the future.
We paid a cash dividend on January 30, 2015 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on the record date of October 31, 2014. However, the Board of Directors may not intend to declare any dividends on our common stock soon, but instead currently intends to retain all earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business. If we decide to pay dividends, foreign exchange and other regulations in China may restrict our ability to distribute retained earnings from China or convert those payments from Renminbi into foreign currencies.
If our common stock were delisted and determined to be a “penny stock,” a broker-dealer may find it more difficult to trade our common stock and an investor may find it more difficult to acquire or dispose of our common stock in the secondary market.
If our common stock were removed from listing with the New York Stock Exchange, it may be subject to the so-called “penny stock” rules. The SEC has adopted regulations that define a “penny stock” to be any equity security that has a market price per share of less than $5.00, subject to certain exceptions, such as any securities listed on a national securities exchange. For any transaction involving a “penny stock,” unless exempt, the rules impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers, subject to certain exceptions. If our common stock were delisted and determined to be a “penny stock,” a broker-dealer may find it more difficult to trade our common stock and an investor may find it more difficult to acquire or dispose of our common stock on the secondary market. Investors in penny stocks should be prepared for the possibility that they may lose their whole investment.
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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Item 2. Properties
There is no private ownership of land in China. All land is owned by the PRC government on behalf of all Chinese citizens or collectively owned by farmers. Land use rights can be granted or transferred with or without consideration upon approval by the PRC State Land Administration Bureau or its authorized branches.
Our principal executive offices are located at Third floor, Borough A, Block A. No. 181, South Taibai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, PRC 710065. The office space is approximately 360 square meters (3,875 square feet). It is rented from Xi’an Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”), for a term of two years from July 1, 2018 at monthly rent of RMB24,480 (approximately $3,655) for 612 square meters (approximately 6,588 square feet) of office space.
Through Jinong, we own an approximately 6,495 square meters (69,911 square feet) production facility that manufactures liquid fertilizer products and a 13,803-square meter (148,576 square feet) production facility that produces liquid and highly concentrated (powdered) fertilizers, located in the Yang Ling Agriculture High-Tech Demonstration Zone, on No. 6 Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province, PRC 712100. The production facilities occupy approximately 30,947 square meters (333,111 square feet) of land, which contains office buildings, warehouses and research laboratories. The production lines have a total annual production capacity of 55,000 metric tons. We own the land use rights for the land Jinong’s manufacturing facilities are situated for a term of 50 years from 2001.
Yuxing, Jinong’s wholly owned subsidiary, has land use rights to over 353,000 square meters (3,799,660 square feet) of land located in Hu County, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province on which we have built 98 sunlight greenhouses and 6 intelligent greenhouses as part of a research and development center currently under construction. Yuxing owns the land use rights to the property for a term of 50 years from 2009.
Through Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, we own an additional 17,930 square meters (approximately 192,997 square feet) of manufacturing, office and warehouse space and 47,110 square meters (approximately 507,088 square feet) of auxiliary facilities of the building located on approximately 42,726 square meters (459,898 square feet) of land located in No. 6 Mafang Logistics Park, Pinggu, Beijing. In addition, the eight manufacturing facilities of Gufeng and Tianjuyuan collectively increased our total annual production capacity by another 500,000 metric tons.
Tianjuyuan rents approximately 47,333 square meters (509,488 square feet) of land in the Ping Gu District of Beijing. Under the rental agreement dated February 16, 2004 with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District, Tianjuyuan rents the land at an annual rent of RMB 35,500 (approximately $5,300). The rental term is from February 1, 2004 to January 31, 2054. While the rental agreement was recognized previously by our PRC counsel as invalid and unenforceable due to its permitted use, we have since obtained the proper land use right certificate from the relevant government entity.
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The details on our properties and manufacturing facilities are described in the table below:
| Facility Location and Production Segment | Address | Area
(square meters/ square feet) |
Ownership
Status and Term | |||
| Xi’an – Fertilizers (Jinong) | Yang Ling Agriculture High- tech Demonstration Zone, No. 6 Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province | 30,947 sq. m. (333,111 sq. ft.) |
Land use right (Certificate #006012633) expires in January 2051* (1) | |||
| Xi’an – Fertilizers (Jinong) | Yang Ling Agriculture High- tech Demonstration Zone, Guhua 5 Road, Yangling, Xi’an, Shaanxi province | 6,495 sq. m. No. 6 (69,911 sq. ft.) |
Building Ownership Certificate (Certificate # 20050722) * (1) | |||
| Xi’an – research and development center (Yuxing) | North Xin’an Village, Weifeng, Hu County, Shaanxi Province | 353,000 sq. m. (3,799,660 sq. ft.) |
Land use right (Certificate #006001700) expires in August 2059 | |||
| Beijing – fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing | 42,726 sq. m. (459,898 sq. ft.) |
Land use right (Certificate #2003189) expires in August 2053 * (1) | |||
| Beijing – fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing | 17,930 sq. m. (192,997 sq. ft.) |
Building Ownership Certificate# 33142 * (1) | |||
| Beijing – fertilizers (Tianjuyuan & Gufeng) | South of Nanzhangdai Village, Donggaocun Town, Ping Gu District, Beijing | 47,333 sq. m. (509,488 sq. ft.) |
Rent from February 2004 to January 2054 |
* (1) As of June 30, 2022, the encumbrances over our land use right and building ownership are summarized as below:
| Interest | ||||||||||||||
| Contract | Type of | Rate | Property under | |||||||||||
| No. | Loan Amount | Lending Institution | Period | Guarantee | (Per Annum) | Mortgage | ||||||||
| 1 | RMB 17 million | Postal Saving Bank of China- | June 23, 2022- | Mortgage | 5.66 | % | Tianjuyuan’s land | |||||||
| ($2,538,100) | Pinggu Branch | June 22, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| 2 | RMB 10 million | Beijing Bank- | June 24, 2022- | Mortgage | 5.22 | % | Tianjuyuan’s land | |||||||
| ($1,493,000) | Pinggu Branch | June 23, 2023 | ||||||||||||
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
There are no other actions, suits, proceedings, inquiries or investigations before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.
From time to time, the Company is a party to various legal actions or disputes that arise in the ordinary course of our business that we believe will not have a material effect on our business or financial condition, including claims and lawsuits alleging breaches of our contractual obligations. See Note 17, “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
On June 5, 2020, an individual filed suit pro se (as in, representing oneself without an attorney) in the Southern District of Florida federal court alleging violations of the Securities Exchange Act. The Company believes the action is without merit and vigorously opposed it. The company moved to dismiss the litigation and for attorney’s fees from the plaintiff. On November 2, 2020, the case was transferred to the United States District Court for The Southern District Of New York. On September 30, 2021, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case dismissed all claims against the company, its executives, and its independent directors. The dismissal was without prejudice and the plaintiff can appeal or amend within 30 days, or by October 29, 2021. The plaintiff amended the complaint on Oct 30, 2021. On August 30, 2022, the Southern District of New York federal court presiding over the case issued an order granting motions to dismiss all claims in the amended complaint against the Company, its executives, and its independent directors. On September 6, 2022, the plaintiff filed a notice of civil appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. The company intends to defend the appeal.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
This item is not applicable to us.
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PART II
Item 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
We have two authorized classes of equity securities: (i) common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 13,258,609 shares of which were outstanding as of November 10, 2022, and (ii) preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which no shares were outstanding as of November 10, 2022. Since December 7, 2009, our common stock has been listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbol “CGA.”
Holders
As of November 10, 2022, there were approximately 352 shareholders of record of our common stock. This does not reflect the number of persons or entities who held stock in nominee or “street” name through various brokerage firms.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
On October 27, 2009, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the Company’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”). On December 11, 2009, our stockholders approved the Incentive Plan. The Incentive Plan gives us the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock and other stock-based awards to our employees, consultants and to non-employee members of our advisory board or our Board or the board of directors of any of our subsidiaries. On October 3, 2012, October 25, 2013 and May 15, 2015, our Board approved the amendment to increase the shares covered by the Incentive Plan by three million shares. On April 23, 2019, our Board approved the fourth amendment to increase the shares covered by the Incentive Plan by 3.9 million shares and an extension of the Plan for an additional ten years. All four amendments were approved by our stockholders on the annual meetings held on December 15, 2012, December 22, 2013, June 30, 2015, and June 22, 2019, respectively. As a result, a total of 3.9 million shares of Common Stock have been reserved under the Incentive Plan.
As of June 30, 2022, there was no outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock granted under the Plan. Options granted in the future under the Incentive Plan are within the discretion of our Board or our compensation committee, as delegated by the Board. The following table summarizes the number of shares of our Common Stock authorized for issuance under our Incentive Plan as of June 30, 2022.
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Equity Compensation Plan Information
| Number of securities remaining | ||||||||||||
| available for | ||||||||||||
| Number of | future | |||||||||||
| securities to | issuance | |||||||||||
| be issued | Weighted- | under | ||||||||||
| upon | average | equity | ||||||||||
| exercise | exercise | compensation | ||||||||||
| of | price of | plans | ||||||||||
| outstanding | outstanding | (excluding | ||||||||||
| options, | options, | securities | ||||||||||
| warrants | warrants | reflected in | ||||||||||
| and rights | and rights | column | ||||||||||
| Plan category | (a) | (b) | (a)) (c) | |||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | — | $ | — | 318,816 | ||||||||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | — | — | — | |||||||||
| Total | — | $ | — | 318,816 | ||||||||
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the cumulative total return on our common stock, the NYSE Composite Index and a peer group index consisting of companies reporting under the S&P 500 Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Sub Industry Index over the period commencing on June 30, 2016 and ending on June 30, 2022.
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The performance graph in this Item 5 is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Exchange Act or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Report and irrespective of any general incorporation language in such filings.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Unregistered Securities.
There was no unregistered sale of the Company’s equity securities during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, that were not otherwise disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
There was no purchase of equity securities by the Company during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, that were not otherwise disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K.
Item 6. [Reserved]
The Company has elected to early adopt the amendment to Item 301 of Regulation S-K and is no longer required to provide five years of selected financial data.
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements that involve significant risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, such as the slow-down of the macro-economic environment in China and its impact on economic growth in general, the competition in the fertilizer industry and the impact of such competition on pricing, revenues and margins, the weather conditions in the areas where our customers are based, the cost of attracting and retaining highly skilled personnel, the prospects for future acquisitions, and the factors set forth elsewhere in this report, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. With these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this report will in fact occur. You should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this report.
The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except to the extent required by U.S. federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Further, the information about our intentions contained in this report is a statement of our intention as of the date of this report and is based upon, among other things, the existing regulatory environment, industry conditions, market conditions and prices, and our assumptions as of such date. We may change our intentions, at any time and without notice, based upon any changes in such factors, in our assumptions or otherwise.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, as used in the notes to the financial statements of the Company, the following are the references herein of all the subsidiaries of the Company (i) Green Agriculture Holding Corporation (“Green New Jersey”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada incorporated in the State of New Jersey; (ii) Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green New Jersey organized under the laws of the PRC; (iii) Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), a Variable Interest Entity in the PRC (“VIE”) controlled by Jinong through contractual agreements; (iv) Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jinong in the PRC (“Gufeng”); and (v) Beijing Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Gufeng’s wholly-owned subsidiary in the PRC (“Tianjuyuan”). Yuxing may also collectively be referred to as the “the VIE Company”.
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to (i) “PRC” and “China” are to the People’s Republic of China; (ii) “U.S. dollar,” “$” and “US$” are to United States dollars; and (iii) “RMB”, “Yuan” and Renminbi are to the currency of the PRC or China.
Overview
We are engaged in the research, development, production, and sale of various types of fertilizers and agricultural products in the PRC through our wholly owned Chinese subsidiaries, Jinong and Gufeng (including Gufeng’s subsidiary Tianjuyuan), and our VIE, Yuxing. Our primary business is fertilizer products, specifically humic-acid based compound fertilizer produced by Jinong and compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizer, and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer produced by Gufeng. In addition, through Yuxing, we develop and produce various agricultural products, such as top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings. For financial reporting purposes, our operations are organized into three business segments: fertilizer products (Jinong), fertilizer products (Gufeng) and agricultural products (Yuxing).
The fertilizer business conducted by Jinong and Gufeng generated approximately 86.4% and 71.0% of our total revenues for the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The sales VIEs generated 7.3% and 24.4% of our revenues for the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Yuxing serves as a research and development base for our fertilizer products.
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Fertilizer Products
As of June 30, 2022, we had developed, produced, and sold a total of 416 different fertilizer products in use, of which 80 were developed and produced by Jinong and 336 by Gufeng.
Below is a table that shows the metric tons of fertilizer sold by Jinong and Gufeng and the revenue per ton for the periods indicated:
| Year Ended June 30, | Change 2021 to 2022 | |||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
| (metric tons) | ||||||||||||||||
| Jinong | 59,807 | 74,382 | (14,575 | ) | -19.6 | % | ||||||||||
| Gufeng | 227,353 | 308,523 | (81,170 | ) | -26.3 | % | ||||||||||
| 287,160 | 382,905 | (95,745 | ) | -25.0 | % | |||||||||||
| Year Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| (revenue per tons) | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | 913 | 803 | |||||
| Gufeng | 452 | 358 | ||||||
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, we sold approximately 287,160 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 382,905 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Jinong sold approximately 59,807 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 74,382 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Gufeng sold approximately 227,353 metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 308,523 metric tons for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021.
Our sales of fertilizer products to five provinces accounted for approximately 70.2% of our manufactured fertilizer revenue for year ended June 30, 2022. Specifically, the provinces and their respective percentage contributed to our fertilizer revenues were Hebei (34.4%), Heilongjiang (12.6%), Inner Mongolia (9.4%), Liaoning (9.1%), and Shaanxi (4.7%).
As of June 30, 2022, we had a total of 1,398 distributors covering 22 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 4 central government-controlled municipalities in China. Jinong had 1,054 distributors in China. Jinong’s sales are not dependent on any single distributor or any group of distributors. Jinong’s top five distributors accounted for 4.6% of its fertilizer revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. Gufeng had 344 distributors, including some large state-owned enterprises. Gufeng’s top five distributors accounted for 80.9% of its revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
Agricultural Products
Through Yuxing, we develop, produce and sell high-quality flowers, green vegetables and fruits to local marketplaces and various horticulture and planting companies. We also use certain of Yuxing’s greenhouse facilities to conduct research and development activities for our fertilizer products. The three PRC provinces that accounted for 92.1% of our agricultural products revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 were Shaanxi (83.7%), Shanghai (4.8%) and Beijing (3.6%).
Recent Developments
Preliminary work for business expansion
On August 30, 2021, at the Company’s annual shareholder meeting for fiscal year 2020, a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved a proposal for the issuance of the Company’s common stock to ten non-US investors in a private placement. The purpose of the stock issuance was to raise funds for expanding the Company’s business into that of blockchain applications including cryptocurrency mining. At the meeting, the Company’s majority shareholder also approved the nomination of Mr. Jian Huang and Mr. Xiaolai Li, who have extensive knowledge and experience within the blockchain and cryptocurrency industries, to the Company’s Board of Directors.
On November 23, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with certain ten non-US investors, giving them the right to purchase up to 13,142,857 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at the price of $15 per share in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in reliance on an exemption provided by Rule 903 of Regulation S and/or Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. The aggregate purchase price for the issuable shares was up to $197,142,855.
On April 4, 2022, the Company completed the issuance of 1,314,286 shares of its Common Stock to Ran Caihua for $19,714,290 and 2,286,857 shares of its Common Stock to Xu Xiuzhen for $34,302,855. On August 2, 2022, the Company completed the issuance of 1,117,142 shares of its Common Stock for $16,757,130 to P Kevin HODL Ltd, an entity owned and controlled by Mr. Zhibiao Pan, who was subsequently appointed as the Company’s co-Chief Executive Officer on August 25, 2022. All three sales were made pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement dated November 23, 2021.
New products and distributors
During the three months ended June 30, 2022, Jinong launched 6 new fertilizer products. Jinong also eliminated 44 unqualified distributors for the three months ended June 30, 2022. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, Gufeng launched 0 new fertilizer products and added 0 new distributors.
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Strategic Acquisitions and Discontinuations of Sales VIE Companies
On June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, through Jinong, we entered (i) Strategic Acquisition Agreements (the “SAA”), and (ii) Agreements for Convertible Notes (the “ACN”), with the shareholders of the companies as identified below (the “Targets”).
June 30, 2016:
| Cash | Principal of | |||||||||
| Payment for | Notes for | |||||||||
| Acquisition | Acquisition | |||||||||
| Company Name | Business Scope | (RMB[1]) | (RMB) | |||||||
| Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd. | Sales of pesticides, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, agricultural materials; Manufacture and sales of mulches. | 10,000,000 | 3,000,000 | |||||||
| Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd. | Promotion and consulting services regarding agricultural technologies; Retail sales of chemical fertilizers (including compound fertilizers and organic fertilizers); Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides, agricultural machinery and accessories; Collection of agricultural information; Development of saline-alkali soil; Promotion and development of high-efficiency agriculture and related information technology solutions for agriculture, agricultural and biological engineering high technologies; E-commerce; Cultivation of freshwater fish, poultry, fruits, flowers, vegetables, and seeds; Recycling and complex utilization of straw and stalk; Technology transfer and training; Recycling of agricultural materials ; Ecological industry planning. | 8,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd.(2) | Cultivation of crops; Storage, sales, preliminary processing and logistics distribution of agricultural by-products; Promotion and application of agricultural technologies; Purchase and sales of agricultural materials; Electronic commerce. | 3,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. | Promotion and application of new agricultural technologies; Professional prevention of plant diseases and insect pests; Sales of plant protection products, plastic mulches, material, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural medicines, micronutrient fertilizers, hormones, agricultural machinery and medicines, and gardening tools. | 6,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
| Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.(3) | Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides; Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, compound fertilizers, plant growth regulators, agricultural machineries, and water economizers; Consulting services for agricultural technologies; Purchase and sales of agricultural by- products. | 10,000,000 | 12,000,000 | |||||||
Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd (3) |
Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, organic fertilizers, plant growth regulators, agricultural machineries, and water economizers; Purchase and sales of agricultural by-products; Cultivation of fruits and vegetables; Consulting services and training for agricultural technologies; Storage services; Sales of articles of daily use, food and oil; On-line sales of the above-mentioned products. | |||||||||
| Total | 37,000,000 | 51,000,000 | ||||||||
| (1) | The exchange rate between RMB and U.S. dollars on June 30, 2016 was RMB1=US$0.1508, according to the exchange rate published by Bank of China. |
| (2) | On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai. In return, the shareholders of Zhenbai agreed to tender the whole payment consideration in the SAA back to the Company with early termination penalties. The convertible notes paid to Zhenbai’s shareholders, and the accrued interest had been forfeited. |
| (3) | On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei. In return, the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei and agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB1,850,000 (approximately $276,205) to the Company. |
| (4) | On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie. In return, the shareholders of Lishijie agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB3,500,000 (approximately $522,550) to the Company. |
| (5) | On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian. In return, the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian agreed to pay cash with amount off RMB11,700,000 (approximately $1,746,810) to the Company. |
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January 1, 2017:
| Cash | Principal of | |||||||||
| Payment for | Notes for | |||||||||
| Acquisition | Acquisition | |||||||||
| Company Name | Business Scope | (RMB[1]) | (RMB) | |||||||
| Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.(2) | Sales of pesticides, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, agricultural materials; Manufacture and sales of mulches. | 4,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
| Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd. | Wholesale and retail sales of pesticides; Sales of chemical fertilizers, packaged seeds, agricultural mulches, micronutrient fertilizers, compound fertilizers and plant growth regulators | 4,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
| Total | 8,000,000 | 12,000,000 | ||||||||
| (1) | The exchange rate between RMB and U.S. dollars on January 1, 2017 was RMB1=US$0.144, according to the exchange rate published by Bank of China. |
| (2) | On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xiangrong. In return, the shareholders of Xiangrong agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB24,430,000 (approximately $3,647,399) to the Company. |
| (3) | On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong. In return, the shareholders of Fengnong agreed to pay cash with amount of RMB8,750,000 (approximately $1,306,375) to the Company. |
Pursuant to the SAA and the ACN, the shareholders of the Targets, while retaining possession of the equity interests and continuing to be the legal owners of such interests, agreed to pledge and entrust all of their equity interests, including the proceeds thereof but excluding any claims or encumbrances, and the operations and management of its business to Jinong, in exchange of an aggregate amount of RMB45,000,000 (approximately $6,718,500) to be paid by Jinong within three days following the execution of the SAA, ACN and the VIE Agreements, and convertible notes with an aggregate face value of RMB 63,000,000 (approximately $9,405,900) with an annual fixed compound interest rate of 3% and term of three years.
Jinong acquired the Targets using the VIE arrangement based on our need to further develop our business and comply with the regulatory requirements under the PRC laws.
As our business focuses on the production of fertilizer, all our business activities intertwine with those in the agriculture industry in China. Specifically, we deal with compliance, regulation, safety, inspection, and licenses in fertilizer production, farmland use and transfer, growing and distribution of agriculture goods, agriculture basic supplies, seeds, pesticides, and trades of grains. It is an industry in which heavy regulations get implemented and strictly enforced. In addition, E-commerce, which is also under strict government regulation in the PRC, has lately become a sales and distribution channel for agricultural products. Currently, we are developing an online platform to connect the physical distribution network we either own or lease.
Compared with the regulatory environment in other jurisdictions, the regulatory environment in the PRC is unique. For example, the “M&A Rules” purports to require that an offshore special purpose vehicle controlled directly or indirectly by PRC companies or individuals and formed for purposes of overseas listing through acquisition of PRC domestic interests held by such PRC companies or individuals obtain the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”) prior to the listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published procedures regarding its approval of overseas listings by special purpose vehicles.
For both e-commerce and agriculture industries, PRC regulators limit the investment from foreign entities and set particularly rules for foreign-owned entities to conduct business. We expect these limitations on foreign-owned entities will continue to exist in e-commerce and agriculture industries. The VIE arrangement, however, provides feasibility for obtaining administrative approval process and avoiding industry restrictions that can be imposed on an entity that is a wholly owned subsidiary of a foreign entity. The VIE agreements reduce uncertainty and the current limitation risk. It is our understanding that the VIE agreements, as well as the control we obtained through VIE arrangement, are valid and enforceable. Such legal structure does not violate the known, published, and current PRC laws. While there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC Laws and future PRC laws and regulations, and there can be no assurance that the PRC authorities will take a view that is not contrary to or otherwise different from our belief and understanding stated above, we believe the substantial difficulty that we experienced previously to conduct business in agriculture as a foreign ownership can be greatly reduced by the VIE arrangement. Further, as an integral part of the VIE arrangement, the underlying equity pledge agreements provide legal protection for the control we obtained. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreements, we have completed the equity pledge processes with the Targets to ensure the complete control of the interests in the Targets. The shareholders of the Targets are not entitled to transfer any shares to a third party under the exclusive option agreements. If necessary, they may transfer shares to our company without consideration.
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While the VIE arrangement provides us with the feasibility to conduct our business in the E-Commerce and agriculture industries, validity and enforceability of VIE arrangement is subject to (i) any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, (ii) possible judicial or administrative actions or any PRC Laws affecting creditors’ rights, (iii) certain equitable, legal or statutory principles affecting the validity and enforceability of contractual rights generally under concepts of public interest, interests of the State, national security, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and applicable statutes of limitation; (iv) any circumstance in connection with formulation, execution or implementation of any legal documents that would be deemed materially mistaken, clearly unconscionable, fraudulent, coercive at the conclusions thereof; and (v) judicial discretion with respect to the availability of indemnifications, remedies or defenses, the calculation of damages, the entitlement to attorney’s fees and other costs, and the waiver of immunity from jurisdiction of any court or from legal process. Validity and enforceability of VIE arrangement is also subject to risk derived from the discretion of any competent PRC legislative, administrative or judicial bodies in exercising their authority in the PRC. As a result, there can no assurance that any of such PRC Laws will not be changed, amended or replaced in the immediate future or in the longer term with or without retrospective effect.
Results of Operations
Fiscal Year ended June 30, 2022 Compared to the Year ended June 30, 2021.
FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30
| 2022 | 2021 | Change $ | Change % | |||||||||||||
| Sales | ||||||||||||||||
| Jinong | $ | 54,339,228 | $ | 59,409,169 | (5,069,941 | ) | -8.5 | % | ||||||||
| Gufeng | 102,755,286 | 110,834,918 | (8,079,632 | ) | -7.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Yuxing | 11,356,390 | 11,038,666 | 317,724 | 2.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Net sales | 168,450,904 | 181,282,753 | (12,831,849 | ) | -7.1 | % | ||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | ||||||||||||||||
| Jinong | 39,651,439 | 43,566,629 | (3,915,190 | ) | -9.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Gufeng | 90,065,842 | 96,860,527 | (6,794,685 | ) | -7.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Yuxing | 9,527,341 | 8,991,518 | 535,823 | 6.0 | % | |||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 139,244,622 | 149,418,674 | (10,174,052 | ) | -6.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Gross profit | 29,206,282 | 31,864,079 | (2,657,797 | ) | -8.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling expenses | 11,195,153 | 12,968,729 | (1,773,576 | ) | -13.7 | % | ||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 101,809,233 | 141,187,368 | (39,378,135 | ) | -27.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 113,004,386 | 154,156,097 | (41,151,711 | ) | -26.7 | % | ||||||||||
| Income from operations | (83,798,104 | ) | (122,292,018 | ) | 38,493,914 | -31.5 | % | |||||||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | 2,046,137 | 438,121 | 1,608,016 | 367.0 | % | |||||||||||
| Interest income | 194,228 | 105,944 | 88,284 | 83.3 | % | |||||||||||
| Interest expense | (256,785 | ) | (266,304 | ) | 9,519 | -3.6 | % | |||||||||
| Total other income (expense) | 1,983,580 | 277,761 | 1,705,819 | 614.1 | % | |||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | (81,814,524 | ) | (122,014,257 | ) | 40,199,733 | -32.9 | % | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | (1,291,828 | ) | 2,979,552 | (4,271,380 | ) | -143.4 | % | |||||||||
| (Loss) from continuing operations | (80,522,696 | ) | (124,993,809 | ) | 44,471,113 | -35.6 | % | |||||||||
| Net (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (17,841,636 | ) | 5,246,192 | (23,087,828 | ) | -440.1 | % | |||||||||
| Net (Loss) | (98,364,332 | ) | (119,747,617 | ) | 21,383,285 | -17.9 | % | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain (loss) | (8,832,901 | ) | 29,682,548 | ) | (38,515,449 | ) | -129.8 | % | ||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (107,197,233 | ) | $ | (90,065,069 | ) | (17,132,164 | ) | 19.0 | % | ||||||
| Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 9,348,100 | 6,847,732 | 2,500,368 | 36.5 | % | |||||||||||
| Basic net (loss) per share – from continuing operations | (8.61 | ) | (18.25 | ) | 9.64 | -52.8 | % | |||||||||
| Basic net (loss) per share – from discontinued operations | (1.91 | ) | 0.77 | (2.67 | ) | -349.1 | % | |||||||||
| Basic net (loss) per share | $ | (10.52 | ) | $ | (17.49 | ) | 6.96 | 39.8 | % | |||||||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 9,348,100 | 6,847,732 | 2,500,368 | 36.5 | % | |||||||||||
| Diluted net (loss) per share-from continuing operations | (8.61 | ) | (18.25 | ) | 9.64 | -52.8 | % | |||||||||
| Diluted net (loss) earnings per share-from discontinued operations | (1.91 | ) | 0.77 | (2.67 | ) | -349.1 | % | |||||||||
| Diluted net (loss) per share | $ | (10.52 | ) | $ | (17.49 | ) | 6.96 | -39.8 | % | |||||||
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Net Sales
Total net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 were $168,450,904, a decrease of $12,831,849 or 7.1%, from $181,282,753 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This decrease was principally due to Jinong’s lower sales.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Jinong’s net sales decreased $5,069,941, or 8.5%, to $54,339,228 from $59,409,169 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease in Jinong’s sales volume during the last fiscal year. Jinong sold 59,807 tons of product during the fiscal year 2022, a decrease of 14,575 tons or 19.6% comparing with 74,382 tons for fiscal year 2021.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Gufeng’s net sales were $102,755,286, a decrease of $8,079,632, or 7.3% from $110,834,918, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease in Gufeng’s sales volume during the last fiscal year due to the negative impacts of COVID-19. Gufeng sold 227,353 tons of product during the fiscal year 2022, a decrease of 81,170 tons or 26.3% comparing with 308,523 tons for fiscal year 2021.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, Yuxing’s net sales were $11,356,390, an increase of $317,724, or 2.9%, from $11,038,666 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The increase was mainly attributable to the increase in market demand and the improvements in logistics that enlarges the reach of Yuxing’s products during the fiscal year 2022.
Cost of Goods Sold
Total cost of goods sold for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $139,244,622, a decrease of $10,174,052, or 6.8%, from $149,418,674 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This decrease was due primarily to lower net sales.
Cost of goods sold by Jinong for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $39,651,439, a decrease of $3,915,190, or 9.0%, from $43,566,629, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in cost of goods was mainly due to the decrease in Jinong’s net sales during the fiscal year 2022.
Cost of goods sold by Gufeng for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $90,065,842, a decrease of $6,794,685, or 7.0%, from $96,860,527, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in its sales volume during the fiscal year 2022.
For year ended June 30, 2022, cost of goods sold by Yuxing was $9,527,341, an increase of $535,823, or 6.0%, from $8,991,518 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This increase was mainly due to the increase in Yuxing’s net sales during the fiscal year 2022.
Gross Profit
Total gross profit for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 decreased by $2,657,797 to $29,206,282, as compared to $31,864,079 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. Gross profit margin was 17.3% and 17.6% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Gross profit generated by Jinong decreased by $1,154,751, or 7.3%, to $14,687,789 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 from $15,842,540 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. Gross profit margin from Jinong’s sales was approximately 27.0% and 26.7% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, gross profit generated by Gufeng was $12,689,444, a decrease of $1,284,947, or 9.2%, from $13,974,391 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. Gross profit margin from Gufeng’s sales was approximately 12.3% and 12.6% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, gross profit generated by Yuxing was $1,829,049, a decrease of $218,099, or 10.7% from $2,047,148 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The gross profit margin was approximately 16.1% and 18.5% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in gross profit percentage was mainly due to higher product costs.
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Selling Expenses
Our selling expenses consisted primarily of salaries of sales personnel, advertising and promotion expenses, freight-out costs and related compensation. Selling expenses were $11,195,153, or 6.6%, of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $12,968,729, or 7.2%, of net sales, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of $1,773,576, or 13.7%. The selling expenses of Jinong for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 were $10,788,274 or 19.9% of Jinong’s net sales, as compared to selling expenses of $12,594,150, or 21.2% of Jinong’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of $1,805,876, or 7.5%. The selling expenses of Yuxing were $74,885, or 0.7% of Yuxing’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $67,253, or 0.6%, of Yuxing’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The selling expenses of Gufeng were $331,993, or 0.3% of Gufeng’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $307,325, or 0.3%% of Gufeng’s net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021.
Selling Expenses – amortization of deferred assets
Our selling expenses - amortization of our deferred assets were 0 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. All the deferred assets were fully amortized and therefore no amortization was recorded on the fully amortized assets for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consisted primarily of related salaries, rental expenses, business development, depreciation and travel expenses incurred by our general and administrative departments and legal and professional expenses, including expenses incurred and accrued for certain litigation. General and administrative expenses were $101,809,233, or 60.4% of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $141,187,368, or 77.9%, of net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of $39,378,135, or 27.9%. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was mainly due to lower bad debts expense.
Total Other Income (Expenses)
Total other income consisted of income from subsidies received from the PRC government, interest income, interest expenses and bank charges. Total other income for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $1,983,580, as compared to $277,761 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, an increase of $1,705,819, or 614.1%. The increase in total other income mainly resulted from investment gain on discontinuing sales VIEs Lishijie, Jinyangguang, Wangtian and Fengnong.
Income Taxes
Jinong is subject to a preferred tax rate of 15% because of its business being classified as a High-Tech project under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law (“EIT”) that became effective on January 1, 2008. Jinong has 0 income tax expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $279,982 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of $279,982 or 100.0%.
Gufeng is subject to a tax rate of 25% and has income tax expense of 0 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
Yuxing has no income tax for the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 because it is exempted from paying income tax due to its products falling into the tax exemption list set out in the EIT.
Net Income (Loss)
Net loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $(98,364,332), a decrease of loss with amount of $21,383,285, or 17.9%, compared to $(119,747,617), for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower General and administrative expenses. Net loss as a percentage of total net sales was approximately -58.4% and -49.9% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Net loss from continuing operations for fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $(80,522,696), a decrease of loss with amount of $44,471,113, or 35.6%, compared to $(124,993,809) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower General and administrative expenses.
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations for fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $(17,841,636), an increase of loss with amount of $23,087,828, or 440.1%, compared to net income with amount of $5,246,192 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The increase of net loss was mainly due to lower sales.
Discussion of Segment Profitability Measures
As of June 30, 2022, we were engaged in the following businesses: the production and sale of fertilizers through Jinong and Gufeng, and the production and sale of high-quality agricultural products by Yuxing. For financial reporting purpose, our operations were organized into three main business segments based on locations and products: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production) and Yuxing (agricultural products production). Each of the segments has its own annual budget about development, production and sales.
46
Each of the three operating segments referenced above has separate and distinct general ledgers. The chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) makes decisions with respect to resources allocation and performance assessment upon receiving financial information, including revenue, gross margin, operating income and net income produced from the various general ledger systems; however, net income by segment is the principal benchmark to measure profit or loss adopted by the CODM.
For Jinong, net loss decreased 85.0%, by $17,419,136 to $(3,063,634) for the year ended June 30, 2022, from $(20,482,770) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The difference was due to the decrease in general and administrative expenses.
For Gufeng, net loss decreased by $18,762,583 or 18.9% to $(80,547,966) for the year ended June 30, 2022 from $(99,310,549) for year ended June 30, 2021. The difference was primarily due to the decrease in general and administrative expenses.
For Yuxing, net income increased 21.6%, by $83,623, to $722,936 for the year ended June 30, 2022 from $639,313 for year ended June 30, 2021. The increase of net income was mainly due to higher net sales.
For discontinued operations, the net income (loss) was $(17,841,636) for year ended June 30, 2022, decreased by $23,087,828 or 440.1%, from $5,246,192 for year ended June 30, 2021.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity include cash from operations, borrowings from local commercial banks and net proceeds of offerings of our securities.
As of June 30, 2022, cash and cash equivalents were $57,770,303, an increase of $39,429,925, or 215.0%, from $18,340,378 as of June 30, 2021.
We intend to use the net proceeds from our securities offerings, as well as other working capital if required, to acquire new businesses, upgrade production lines and complete Yuxing’s new greenhouse facilities for agriculture products located on 88 acres of land in Hu County, 18 kilometers southeast of Xi’an city. We believe that we have sufficient cash on hand and positive projected cash flow from operations to support our business growth for the next twelve months to the extent we do not have further significant acquisitions or expansions. However, if events or circumstances occur and we do not meet our operating plan as expected, we may be required to seek additional capital and/or to reduce certain discretionary spending, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our business objectives. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may seek additional financing as necessary for expansion purposes and when we believe market conditions are most advantageous, which may include additional debt and/or equity financings. There can be no assurance that any additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Any equity financing may result in dilution to existing stockholders and any debt financing may include restrictive covenants.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| Year Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (19,948,216 | ) | $ | (12,879,517 | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 7,131,374 | (476,180 | ) | |||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 54,454,275 | 14,302,100 | ||||||
| Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | (2,461,073 | ) | 5,712,763 | |||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 39,176,360 | 6,659,166 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance | 18,593,944 | 11,934,778 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance | $ | 57,770,303 | $ | 18,593,944 | ||||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $19,948,216 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $7,068,699, or 54.9% from cash provided by operating activities of $12,879,517 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The increase was mainly due to lower account payable and the loss on sales of discontinued operations as of June 30, 2022, comparing to June 30, 2021.
Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $7,131,374, an increase of $7,607,554, or 1,597.6%, from cash used in investing activities of $476,180 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. This increase was mainly attribute to sales of discontinued operations in 2022.
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Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $54,454,275, an increase of $40,152,175, or 280.7% from cash provided by financing activities of $14,302,100 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021. The increase was mainly due to the proceeds from the sale of common stock with total amount of $54,017,145, compared to $14,000,000 of proceeds from the sale of common stock for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021.
As of June 30, our loans payable was as follows:
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Short term loans payable: | $ | 4,031,100 | $ | 4,179,600 | ||||
| Total | $ | 4,031,100 | $ | 4,179,600 | ||||
Accounts Receivable
We had accounts receivable of $28,792,891 as of June 30, 2022, as compared to $67,422,866 as of June 30, 2021, a decrease of $38,629,975 or 57.3%. As of June 30, 2022, Gufeng had accounts receivable of $7,388,220, a decrease of $30,060,186, or 80.3%, compared to $37,448,306 as of June 30, 2021. As of June 30, 2022, Allowance for doubtful accounts in accounts receivable for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 was $58,000,266, an increase of $38,279,979 or 194.1% from $19,720,287 as of June 30, 2021. And the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of accounts receivable was 66.8% as of June 30, 2022 and 29.2% as of June 30, 2021. The impact of COVID-19 caused the difficulty of accounts receivable collection, resulting in higher allowance for doubtful accounts of the company.
Deferred Assets
We had no deferred assets as of June 30, 2022 and 2021. During the twelve months, we assisted the distributors in certain marketing efforts and developing standard stores to expand our competitive advantage and market shares. Based on the distributor agreements, the amount owed by the distributors in certain marketing efforts and store development will be expensed over three years if the distributors are actively selling our products. If a distributor defaults, breaches, or terminates the agreement with us earlier than the contractual terms, the unamortized portion of the amount owed by the distributor is payable to us immediately. The deferred assets had been fully amortized as of June 30, 2022.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the Company to use the assets and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the assets and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carry forward. Under this accounting standard, the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, a deferred tax asset will not be realized.
ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes defines uncertainty in income taxes and the evaluation of a tax position is a two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigation based on the technical merits of that position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which the threshold is no longer met.
Inventories
We had inventories of $42,198,186 as of June 30, 2022, compared to $57,634,145 as of June 30, 2021, a decrease of $15,435,959, or 26.8%. The principal reason for the decrease is due to the decrease of Gufeng’s inventory. As of June 30, 2022, Gufeng’s inventory was $19,463,691, compared to $36,617,573 as of June 30, 2021, a decrease of $17,153,882, or 46.8%.
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Advances to Suppliers
We had advances to suppliers of $20,711,891 as of June 30, 2022, comparing to $23,607,209 as of June 30, 2021, representing a decrease of $2,895,318, or 12.3%. Our inventory level may fluctuate from time to time, depending how fast the raw material is consumed and replenished during the production process, and how fast the finished goods are sold. The replenishment of raw material relies on the management’s estimate of numerous factors, including but not limited to, the raw materials future price, and spot price along with their volatility, as well as the seasonal demand and future price of finished fertilizer products. Such estimate may not be accurate, and the purchase decision of raw materials based on the estimate can cause excessive inventories in slow sales and insufficient inventories in peak times.
Accounts Payable
We had accounts payable of $1,670,655 as of June 30, 2022 as compared to $2,132,530 as of June 30, 2021, representing a decrease of $461,875, or 21.7%. The decrease was primarily due to lower accounts payable for Gufeng. It has account payable of $448,167 as of June 30, 2022, comparing to $783,119 as of June 30, 2021, representing a decrease of $334,952, or 42.8%.
Unearned Revenue (Customer Deposit)
We had unearned revenue of $7,994,669 as of June 30, 2022, comparing to $6,090,156 as of June 30, 2021, representing an increase of $1,904,513, or 31.3%. The increase was mainly attributable to Jinong’s $3,539,323 unearned revenue as of June 30, 2022, comparing to $1,135,988 unearned revenue as of June 30, 2021, representing an increase of $2,403,335, or 211.6%, caused by the advancement of deposits made by client. We expect to deliver products to our customers during the next three months at which time we will recognize the revenue.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. Our financial statements reflect the selection and application of accounting policies which require management to make significant estimates and judgments. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We believe that the following paragraphs reflect the most critical accounting policies that currently affect our financial condition and results of operations:
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made. However, actual results and outcomes may differ from management’s estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to the recent outbreak of COVID-19.
Revenue recognition
Sales revenue is recognized at the date of shipment to customers when a formal arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, the delivery is completed, we have no other significant obligations and collectability is reasonably assured. Payments received before all the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as unearned revenue.
Our revenue consists of invoiced value of goods, net of a value-added tax (VAT). No product return or sales discount allowance is made as products delivered and accepted by customers are normally not returnable and sales discounts are normally not granted after products are delivered.
Cash and cash equivalents
For statement of cash flows purposes, we consider all cash on hand and in banks, certificates of deposit and other highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash and cash equivalents.
49
Accounts receivable
Our policy is to maintain reserves for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Any accounts receivable of Jinong and Gufeng that are outstanding for more than 180 days will be accounted as allowance for bad debts, and any accounts receivable of Yuxing that are outstanding for more than 90 days will be accounted as allowance for bad debts.
Assets held for sale
Assets held for sale represent certain equipment from our Jintai facility that has been relocated. The carrying amount of the assets held for sale equals the fair value of the assets less disposal costs. These assets were sold prior to June 30, 2022.
Deferred assets
Deferred assets represent amounts the Company advanced to the distributors in their marketing and stores development to expand our competitive advantage and market shares. Based on the distributor agreements, the amount owed by the distributors in certain marketing efforts and store development will be expensed over three years if the distributors are actively selling our products. If a distributor defaults, breaches, or terminates the agreement with us earlier than the realization of the contractual terms, the unamortized portion of the amount owed by the distributor is to be refunded to us immediately. The deferred assets had been fully amortized as of June 30, 2022.
Segment reporting
FASB ASC 280 requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other way management disaggregates a company.
As of June 30, 2022, we were organized into three main business units: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), and Yuxing (agricultural products production). For financial reporting purpose, our operations were organized into three main business segments based on locations and products: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production), and Yuxing (agricultural products production). Each of the segments has its own annual budget regarding development, production, and sales.
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks
Disclosures about Market Risk
We may be exposed to changes in financial market conditions in the normal course of business. Market risk generally represents the risk that losses may occur because of movements in interest rates and equity prices. We currently do not, in the normal course of business, use financial instruments that are subject to changes in financial market conditions.
Currency Fluctuations and Foreign Currency Risk
Substantially all our revenues and expenses are denominated in RMB. However, we use the U.S. dollar for financial reporting purposes. Conversion of RMB into foreign currencies is regulated by the People’s Bank of China through a unified floating exchange rate system. Although the PRC government has stated its intention to support the value of RMB, there can be no assurance that such exchange rate will not again become volatile or that RMB will not devalue significantly against U.S. dollar. Exchange rate fluctuations may adversely affect the value, in U.S. dollar terms, of our net assets and income derived from our operations in the PRC.
Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Except for U.S. holding companies, all our consolidated revenues, consolidated costs and expenses, and our assets are denominated in RMB. As a result, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk as our revenues and results of operations may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and RMB. If RMB depreciates against the U.S. dollar, the value of our RMB revenues, earnings and assets as expressed in our U.S. dollar financial statements will decline. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates as of the balance sheet dates, revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates, and shareholders’ equity is translated at historical exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in determining other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders’ equity. As of June 30, 2022, our accumulated other comprehensive loss was $13.4 million. We have not entered any hedging transactions to reduce our exposure to foreign exchange risk. The value of RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions. Between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022, China’s currency decreased by a cumulative 3.4% against the U.S. dollar, making Chinese exports cheaper and imports into China more expensive by that percentage. The effect on trade can be substantial. Moreover, it is possible that, in the future, PRC authorities may lift restrictions on fluctuations in RMB exchange rate and lessen intervention in the foreign exchange market.
50
Interest Rate Risk
We deposit surplus funds with Chinese banks earning daily interest. We do not invest in any instruments for trading purposes. All our outstanding debt instruments carry fixed rates of interests. The amount of short-term debt outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021 was $4.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively. We are exposed to interest rate risk primarily with respect to our short-term bank loans. Although the interest rates, which are based on the banks’ prime rates with respect to our short-term loans, are fixed for the terms of the loans, the terms are typically three to twelve months for short-term bank loans and interest rates are subject to change upon renewal. There were no material changes in interest rates for short-term bank loans renewed during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. The original loan term on average is one year, and the remaining average life of the short term-loans is one year.
Management monitors the banks’ prime rates in conjunction with our cash requirements to determine the appropriate level of debt balances relative to other sources of funds. We have not entered any hedging transactions to reduce our exposure to interest rate risk.
Credit Risk
We have experienced higher credit risk than usual since 2020. With the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, the overdue outstanding accounts receivable increased significantly compared with the years prior to the pandemic. Our accounts receivables are typically unsecured and are mainly derived from revenues earned from customers in the PRC. Most of our customers are individuals and small and medium-sized enterprises (“SMEs”), which may not have strong cash flows or be well capitalized. They may be vulnerable to an epidemic outbreak and slowing macroeconomic conditions. Many of the SMEs that we work with cannot weather COVID-19 and the resulting economic impact, or they cannot resume business as usual after a prolonged outbreak. Numerous distributors encountered significant difficulties and/or hardships in their businesses amid the pandemic. Even through our receivables are monitored regularly by our credit managers, the bad debts expenses are higher in recent 2 years comparing with the years before 2020.
Inflation Risk
Inflationary factors such as increases in the cost of our products and overhead costs may adversely affect our operating results. Notwithstanding the measures taken by the PRC government to control inflation, China still experienced an increase in inflation and our operating cost became higher than anticipated. The high rate of inflation had an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues if the selling prices of our products do not increase with these increased costs.
Risk of epidemics, pandemics, or other outbreaks
The outbreak of COVID-19 has adversely affected, and in the future it or other epidemics, pandemics or outbreaks may adversely affect, our operations. This is or may be due to closures or restrictions requested or mandated by governmental authorities, disruption to supply chains and workforce, reduction of demand for our products and services, and credit losses when customers and other counterparties fail to satisfy their obligations to us. We share most of these risks with all businesses.
In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty. The current outbreak and continued spread of COVID-19 may cause a global recession, which would have a further adverse impact on our financial condition and operations, and this impact could exist for an extensive period.
The Company is continuing to monitor the situation and take appropriate actions in accordance with the recommendations and requirements of relevant authorities. The full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operational and financial performance is currently uncertain and will depend on many factors outside the Company’s control, including, without limitation, the timing, extent, trajectory and duration of the pandemic, the development and availability of effective treatments and vaccines, the imposition of protective public safety measures, and the impact of the pandemic on the global economy and demand for consumer products.
Additional future impacts on the Company may include, but are not limited to, material adverse effects on demand for the Company’s products and services; the Company’s supply chain and sales and distribution channels; the Company’s ability to execute its strategic plans; and the Company’s profitability and cost structure. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and stock price, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described above.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Balance sheets, as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, and statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, together with the related notes and the reports of our independent registered public accounting firms, are set forth on the “F” pages of this report.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable.
51
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), at the conclusion of the period ended March 31, 2022 we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and adequately designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms and that such information was accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a manner that allowed for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected in a timely manner. Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control will provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. In addition, the design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Therefore, any current evaluation of controls cannot and should not be projected to future periods.
Management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of the year ended June 30, 2022. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 2013 framework (COSO) in the report entitled “Internal Control-Integrated Framework.” The COSO framework summarizes each of the components of a company’s internal control system, including (i) the control environment, (ii) risk assessment, (iii) control activities, (iv) information and communication, and (v) monitoring.
Based on management’s assessment using the COSO criteria, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2022 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We are not required to have our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2022 audited by our auditors because we are a smaller reporting company.
Changes in internal controls
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during our last fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
There is no other information required to be disclosed under this item which was not previously disclosed.
52
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled “Directors and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” of our 2022 Proxy Statement.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled “Executive Compensation” of our 2022 Proxy Statement.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholders Matters
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Matters” of our 2022 Proxy Statement.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled “Certain Relationship of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Matters” of our 2022 Proxy Statement.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled "Principal Accounting Fees and Services" of our 2022 Proxy Statement.
53
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
| (a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report: |
| (1) | Financial Statements |
The following financial statements of China Green Agriculture, Inc. and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are presented in the “F” pages of this Report:
| (2) | Financial Schedules |
None.
Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes hereto.
| (3) | Exhibits |
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.
| (b) | Exhibits |
See the Exhibit Index following the signature page of this report, which Index is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
Not applicable
54
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| China Green Agriculture, Inc. | ||
| Date: November 10, 2022 | By: | /s/ Zhuoyu Li |
| Zhuoyu Li, CEO | ||
| Date: November 10, 2022 | By: | /s/ Zhibiao Pan |
| Zhibiao Pan, Co-CEO |
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Zhuoyu Li | |
| Zhuoyu Li, Chairman of the Board of Directors and CEO (principal executive officer) | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Yongcheng Yang | |
| Yongcheng Yang, Chief Financial Officer | ||
| (principal financial officer and | ||
| principal accounting officer) | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Shiyu Zhang | |
| Shiyu Zhang, Director | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Jian Huang | |
| Jian Huang, Director | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Xiaolai Li | |
| Xiaolai Li, Director | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Lianfu Liu | |
| Lianfu Liu, Director | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Daqing Zhu | |
| Daqing Zhu, Director | ||
| November 10, 2022 | /s/ Jinjun Lu | |
| Jinjun Lu, Director |
55
China Green Agriculture, Inc.
Exhibit Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Year Ended June 30, 2022
56
| * | Filed herewith |
| + | In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 are being furnished and not filed. |
57
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of China Green Agriculture, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of China Green Agriculture, Inc. (the Company) as of June 30, 2022, and 2021, and the related statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2022, and the related notes and schedules (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2022, and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended June 30, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Emphasis of a Matter
As discussed in Note 20 to the financial statements, the Company’s financial statements have been presented with its former 4 VIEs Lishijie, Fengnong, Jinyangguang and Wangtian as a discontinued operation.
Going Concern
The Company’s financial statements are prepared using the generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern. As described in Note 3 to the financial statements, The Company has incurred operating losses and has negative operating cash flows in the fiscal year 2022. These factors, among others, raise a substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plan regarding these matters is also described in Note 3. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
F-1
Land Use Rights and Trademarks Subject to Amortization - Impairment Assessment
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company has intangible assets subject to amortization including Land Use Rights and Trademarks. As of June 30, 2022, the carrying value of Land Use Rights and Trademarks is $14,935,488. The Company performed the impairment assessment of these Intangible assets subject to amortization on its elected assessment date of June 30, 2022, by assessing the recoverability and whether the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. The determination of the fair value requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reporting unit’s expected future cash flows. These estimates and assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to, market multiples, the discount rate, operating income before depreciation and amortization, cashflows and capital expenditures forecasts.
We identified the impairment testing of these intangible assets subject to amortization as a critical audit matter because of significant estimates and assumptions made by the management for the assessment.
How the Critical Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit
| ● | We tested management’s process for developing the fair value of the intangible assets subject to amortization. |
| ● | We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues by comparing actual results to management’s forecast. |
| ● | We evaluated the reasonableness of the qualitative adjustments for factors such as Company-specific risks, changes in current economic conditions that may not be captured in the quantitatively derived results, and other relevant factors. |
| ● | We tested the mathematical accuracy of the model used by management. |
| ● | We evaluated the reasonableness and consistency of the selected valuation methodology and assumptions utilized by the Company. |
| ● | We tested the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the fair value estimate. |
| ● | We evaluated the significant assumptions provided by management including discount rate by considering (i) current and past performance of the entity; (ii) their consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. |
/s/
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020
November 10, 2022
PCAOB Firm ID:
F-2
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC., AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF June 30, 2022, and 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventories, net | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Amount due from related parties | ||||||||
| Advances to suppliers, net | ||||||||
| Current Assets of discontinued VIEs | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Plant, property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Other non-current assets | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Noncurrent assets of discontinued VIEs | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Customer deposits | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ||||||||
| Amount due to related parties | ||||||||
| Taxes payable | ||||||||
| Short term loans | ||||||||
| Interest payable | ||||||||
| Current liabilities of discontinued VIEs | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Preferred Stock, $ | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Statutory reserve | ||||||||
| Retained earnings | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED June 30, 2022 and 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Sales | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| - | - | |||||||
| Net sales | ||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | ||||||||
| Jinong | ||||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | ||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||
| Selling expenses | ||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total other income (expense) | ||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Provision for income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Loss from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | ||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain (loss) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Comprehensive loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Basic weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||
| Basic net (loss) per share – from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic net (loss) earnings per share – from discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||
| Basic net (loss) per share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||
| Diluted net (loss) per share– from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Diluted net (loss) earnings per share – from discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||
| Diluted net (loss) per share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021
| Additional | Accumulated Other |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Common | Paid In | Statutory | Retained | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Of Shares | Stock | Capital | Reserve | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCE, June 30, 2021 | $ | $ | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock for convertible notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock for consulting services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfer to statutory reserve | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (Loss) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCE, June 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Additional | Accumulated Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Common | Paid In | Statutory | Retained | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Of Shares | Stock | Capital | Reserve | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2020 | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock for convertible notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of stock for consulting services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfer to statutory reserve | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCE, June 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED June 30, 2022 and 2021
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Provision for losses on accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Gain (Loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment | ||||||||
| Goodwill impairment | ||||||||
| Inventories impairment | ||||||||
| Gain (Loss) on sales of discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Amount due from related parties | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventories | ( | ) | ||||||
| Advances to suppliers | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Changes in operating liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Customer deposits | ( | ) | ||||||
| Amount due to related parties | ||||||||
| Tax payables | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Purchase of plant, property, and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Change in construction in process | ( | ) | ||||||
| Sales of discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used) in investing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Proceeds from the sale of common stock | ||||||||
| Proceeds from loans | ||||||||
| Repayment of loans | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other payables-investors | ||||||||
| Advance from related party | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplement disclosure of cash flow information | ||||||||
| Interest expense paid | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income taxes paid | ||||||||
| SUPPLEMENT NON-CASH ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Common stock issued to repay accrued expense | $ | $ | ||||||
| Nonmonetary sales and purchases | ||||||||
The consolidated statements of cash flows are presented with the combined cash flows from discontinued operations with cash flows from continuing operations within each cash flow statement category.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
China Green Agriculture, Inc. (the “Company”, “Parent Company” or “Green Nevada”), through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the research, development, production, distribution and sale of humic acid-based compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer, blended fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizers, highly concentrated water-soluble fertilizers and mixed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and the development, production, and distribution of agricultural products.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, as used in this Report, the following are the references herein of all the subsidiaries of the Company (i) Green Agriculture Holding Corporation (“Green New Jersey”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green Nevada, incorporated in the State of New Jersey; (ii) Shaanxi TechTeam Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. (“Jinong”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Green New Jersey organized under the laws of the PRC; (iii) Xi’an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Yuxing”), a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) in the in the PRC controlled by Jinong through a series of contractual agreements; (iv) Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jinong in the PRC (“Gufeng”), and (v) Beijing Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Gufeng’s wholly-owned subsidiary in the PRC (“Tianjuyuan”).
On June 30, 2016 the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following six companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed VIEs: Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd. (“Lishijie”), Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd. (“Jinyangguang”), Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd. (“Zhenbai”), Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Wangtian”), Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Xindeguo”), and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology co., Ltd. (“Xinyulei”). On January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of the following two companies that are organized under the laws of the PRC and would be deemed VIEs, Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (“Xiangrong”), and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd. (“Fengnong”).
On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.
On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo, Xinyulei and Xiangrong.
On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.
On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.
On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.
Yuxing may also collectively be referred to as the “the VIE Company”.
F-7
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
The Company’s current corporate structure as of is set forth in the diagram below:
F-8
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 2 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principle of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Green New Jersey, Jinong, Gufeng, Tianjuyuan, and the VIE Company. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
For purposes of comparability, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been presented with its former VIEs, Lishijie, Jinyangguang, Wangtian and Fengnong as a discontinued operation. See Note 21, “Discontinued Operations,” for more information.
Effective June 16, 2013, Yuxing was converted from being a wholly owned foreign enterprise 100% owned by Jinong to a domestic enterprise 100% owned one natural person, who is not affiliated to the Company (“Yuxing’s Owner”). Effective the same day, Yuxing’s Owner entered into a series of contractual agreements with Jinong pursuant to which Yuxing became the VIE of Jinong.
VIE assessment
A VIE is an entity (1) that has total equity at risk that is not sufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other entities, (2) where the group of equity holders does not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, or the obligation to absorb the entity’s expected losses or the right to receive the entity’s expected residual returns, or both, or (3) where the voting rights of some investors are not proportional to their obligations to absorb the expected losses of the entity, their rights to receive the expected residual returns of the entity, or both, and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor that has disproportionately few voting rights. In order to determine if an entity is considered a VIE, the Company first performs a qualitative analysis, which requires certain subjective decisions regarding its assessments, including, but not limited to, the design of the entity, the variability that the entity was designed to create and pass along to its interest holders, the rights of the parties, and the purpose of the arrangement. If the Company cannot conclude after a qualitative analysis whether an entity is a VIE, it performs a quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis considered the design of the entity, the risks that cause variability, the purpose for which the entity was created, and the variability that the entity was designed to pass along to its variable interest holders. When the primary beneficiary could not be identified through a qualitative analysis, we used internal cash flow models to compute and allocate expected losses or expected residual returns to each variable interest holder based upon the relative contractual rights and preferences of each interest holder in the VIE’s capital structure.
F-9
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made. However, actual results and outcomes may differ from management’s estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to the recent outbreak of a novel strain of the COVID-19.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the implicit rate is typically not readily determinable in the Company’s lease agreements, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as of the lease commencement date to determine the present value of the lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is based on the Company’s specific rate of interest to borrow on a collateralized basis, over a similar term and in a similar economic environment as the lease. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet; the Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Additionally, the Company accounts for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for its identified asset classes. As of June 30, 2022, the Company does not have any material leases for the implementation of ASC 842.
Cash and cash equivalents and concentration of cash
For
statement of cash flows purposes, the Company considers all cash on hand and in banks, certificates of deposit with state owned banks
in the PRC and banks in the United States, and other highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased,
to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains large sums of cash in three major banks in China. The aggregate cash in such accounts
and on hand as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $
F-10
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Accounts receivable
Management regularly reviews the composition of
accounts receivable and analyzes customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate
the collectability of accounts receivable at each year-end. Accounts considered uncollectible are provisioned for written off based upon
management’s assessment. As of June 30, 2022, and 2021, the Company had accounts receivable of $
Inventories
Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (determined on a weighted average basis) or market. Inventories consist of raw materials, work in process, finished goods and packaging materials. The Company reviews its inventories regularly for possible obsolete goods and establishes reserves when determined necessary. As of June 30, 2022, and 2021 the Company had no reserve for obsolete goods.
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Gains or losses on disposals are reflected as gain or loss in the year of disposal. The cost of improvements that extend the life of plant, property, and equipment are capitalized. These capitalized costs may include structural improvements, equipment, and fixtures. All ordinary repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets:
| Estimated Useful Life | ||
| Building | ||
| Agricultural assets | ||
| Machinery and equipment | ||
| Vehicles |
Construction in Progress
Construction in progress represents the costs incurred relating to the construction of buildings or new additions to the Company’s plant facilities. Costs classified to construction in progress include all costs of obtaining the asset and bringing it to the location and condition necessary for its intended use. No depreciation is provided for construction in progress until the assets are completed and are placed into service. Interest incurred during construction is capitalized into construction in progress.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets. Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. As of June 30, 2022, and 2021 the Company determined that there were no impairments of its long-lived assets.
F-11
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Intangible Assets
The Company records intangible assets acquired individually or as part of a group at fair value. Intangible assets with definitive lives are amortized over the useful life of the intangible asset, which is the period over which the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the entity’s future cash flows. The Company evaluates intangible assets for impairment at least annually and more often whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. The Company has not recorded impairment of intangible assets as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment annually, or when events and circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” permits the assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether events and circumstances lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test required under ASC 350. ASC 350 also allows the option to skip the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to a quantitative assessment.
Under
the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of the
reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than
its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit and the enterprise must perform step two of the
impairment test. Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s
goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value
of the reporting unit in a manner comparable to a purchase price allocation. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied
fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. As of June 30, 2022, and 2021, the Company performed the required impairment review which
resulted in impairment adjustment with amount of
The COVID-19 pandemic events will continue to evolve and the effects on our businesses may differ from what we currently estimate. If the effects prove to be worse than is reflected in our current estimates, additional goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges could be required.
Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures
Our accounting for Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This topic also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires classification based on observable and unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and an entity’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:
Level one — Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level two — Inputs other than level one inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and
Level three — Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions, which are developed by the reporting entity and reflect those assumptions that a market participant would use.
F-12
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter.
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these instruments.
Derivative financial instruments
The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The Company uses a binomial option pricing model to value the derivative instruments. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period.
As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there is no derivative financial instruments.
Revenue recognition
The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.
The Company has assessed the impact of the guidance by performing the following five steps analysis:
Step 1: Identify the contract
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations
Step 3: Determine the transaction price
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price
Step 5: Recognize revenue
Based on the assessment, the Company concluded that there was no change to the timing and pattern of revenue recognition for its current revenue streams in scope of Topic 606 and therefore there were no material changes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption of ASC 606.
Sales revenue is recognized on the date of shipment to customers when a formal arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, the delivery is completed, no other significant obligations of the Company exist, and collectability is reasonably assured.
The Company’s revenue consists of invoiced value of goods, net of a value-added tax (VAT). No product return or sales discount allowance are made as products delivered and accepted by customers are not returnable and sales discounts are not granted after products are delivered.
Customer deposits
Payments
received before all the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as customer deposits. When all revenue recognition
criteria are met, the customer deposits are recognized as revenue. As of June 30, 2022, and 2021, the Company had customer deposits of
$
Stock-Based Compensation
The costs of all employee stock option, as well as other equity-based compensation arrangements, are reflected in the consolidated financial statements based on the estimated fair value of the awards on the grant date. That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). Stock compensation for stock granted to non-employees is determined as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measured.
F-13
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Income taxes
We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 740, “Income Taxes.” The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous. As such, we are required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding our income tax exposures. Interpretations of, and guidance surrounding, income tax laws and regulations change over time. Changes in our subjective assumptions and judgments can materially affect amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and statements of income. See Note 12, “Taxes Payable,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail on our uncertain tax positions and further information regarding ASC 740.
Foreign currency translation
The reporting currency of the Company is the US dollar. The functional currency of the Company and Green New Jersey is the US dollar. The functional currency of the Chinese subsidiaries is the Chinese Yuan or Renminbi (“RMB”). For the subsidiaries whose functional currencies are other than the US dollar, all asset and liability accounts were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date; stockholders’ equity is translated at the historical rates and items in the income statement and cash flow statements are translated at the average rate in each applicable period. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the statement of shareholders’ equity. The resulting translation gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency is included in the results of operations as incurred.
Segment reporting
The Company utilizes the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other way management disaggregates a company.
As of June 30, 2022, the Company, through its subsidiaries is engaged into three main business segments based on location and product: Jinong (fertilizer production), Gufeng (fertilizer production) and Yuxing (agricultural products production). As of June 30, 2022, the Company maintained three main business segments.
Fair values of financial instruments
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization of financial assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, advances to suppliers, accounts payable, other payables, tax payable, and related party advances and borrowings.
As of the balance sheet dates, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments were not materially different from their carrying values as presented on the balance sheets. This is attributed to the short maturities of the instruments and that interest rates on the borrowings approximate those that would have been available for loans of similar remaining maturity and risk profile at respective balance sheet dates.
Statement of cash flows
The Company’s cash flows from operations are calculated based on the local currencies. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows may not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets.
F-14
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options and stock awards.
The components of basic and diluted earnings per share consist of the following:
| Years Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| (Loss) from continuing operations for Basic Earnings Per Share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| (Loss) Income from discontinued operations for Basic Earnings Per Share | ( | ) | ||||||
| (Loss) for Basic Earnings Per Share | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic Weighted Average Number of Shares | ||||||||
| (Loss) from continuing operations Per Share – Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| (Loss) Income from discontinued operations Per Share – Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Net (Loss) Per Share – Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| (Loss) from continuing operations for Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| (Loss) Income from discontinued operations for Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| (Loss) for Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Diluted Weighted Average Number of Shares | ||||||||
| (Loss) from continuing operations Per Share – Diluted | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||
| (Loss) Income from discontinued operations Per Share – Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Net (Loss) Per Share – Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
Reclassification
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2022 consolidated financial statement presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total revenues, operating income or net income or cash flows as previously reported.
Recent accounting pronouncements
In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”), ASU 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” ASU 2019-12 eliminates certain exceptions within ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” and clarifies certain aspects of ASC 740 to promote consistency among reporting entities. ASU 2019-12 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Most amendments within the standard are required to be applied on a prospective basis, while certain amendments must be applied on a retrospective or modified retrospective basis. The Company evaluated the impact that with the adoption of ASU 2019-12, and it did not have any impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current GAAP. The ASU also removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception and simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023, although early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this new guidance on its financial statements.
NOTE 3 – GOING CERCERN
The Company’s financial statements are prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred operating losses and had negative operating cash flows in the fiscal year 2022 and may continue to incur operating losses and generate negative cash flows as the Company implements its future business plan. If the situation exists, there could be substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as going concern.
To meet its working capital needs through the next twelve months and to fund the growth of the Company, the Company may consider plans to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or borrow loan from local bank. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully execute its new business strategy and eventually attain profitable operations.
The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as going concern.
F-15
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 4 – INVENTORIES
Inventories consisted of the following:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplies and packing materials | $ | $ | ||||||
| Work in progress | $ | $ | ||||||
| Finished goods | $ | $ | ||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
During
the year ended June 30, 2022, the Company sold compound fertilizers (finished goods) to certain parties at market price and purchased
equivalent amount of simple fertilizers (raw material) from the same parties also at market price. The simple fertilizers purchased,
along with other materials were used in the Company’s production facility to manufacture compound fertilizers. While nonmonetary,
the sales and purchase transactions were consummated independently under separate agreements at different times and measured at the prevailing
market value. The total amount of nonmonetary sales and purchases amounted to $
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, total inventories decreased $15,435,959, or 26.8%, to $42,198,186 from $57,634,145 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021.
NOTE 5 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following for the continuing entities:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Building and improvements | $ | $ | ||||||
| Auto | ||||||||
| Machinery and equipment | ||||||||
| Total property, plant and equipment | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, total depreciation
expense for the continuing entities was $
F-16
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 6 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consisted of the following:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Land use rights, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| Technology patent, net | ||||||||
| Customer relationships, net | - | |||||||
| Non-compete agreement | - | |||||||
| Trademarks | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
LAND USE RIGHT
On September 25, 2009, Yuxing was granted a land use right for approximately 88 acres (353,000 square meters or 3.8 million square feet) by the People’s Government and Land & Resources Bureau of Hu County, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province. The fair value of the related intangible asset was determined to be the respective cost of RMB73,184,895 (or $10,926,505). The intangible asset is being amortized over the grant period of 50 years using the straight-line method.
On
August 16, 2001, Jinong received a land use right as a contribution from a shareholder, which was granted by the People’s Government
and Land& Resources Bureau of Yangling District, Shaanxi Province. The fair value of the related intangible asset at the time of
the contribution was determined to be RMB
The Land Use Rights consisted of the following:
| June 30, 2021 | Foreign Currency Adjustment | Amortization/ Subtraction | June 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||
| Land use rights | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total land use rights, net | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||
TECHNOLOGY PATENT
On
August 16, 2001, Jinong was issued a technology patent related to a proprietary formula used in the production of humid acid. The fair
value of the related intangible asset was determined to be the respective cost of RMB
On
July 2, 2010, the Company acquired Gufeng and its wholly owned subsidiary Tianjuyuan. The fair value on the acquired technology patent
was estimated to be RMB
The technology know-how consisted of the following:
| June 30, | Foreign Currency | June 30, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | Adjustment | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Technology know-how | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total technology know-how, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||
F-17
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
On July 2, 2010, the Company acquired Gufeng and
its wholly owned subsidiary Tianjuyuan. The fair value on the acquired customer relationships was estimated to be RMB
| June 30, | Foreign Currency | June 30, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | Adjustment | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Customer relationships | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total customer relationships, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||
NON-COMPETE AGREEMENT
On July 2, 2010, the Company acquired Gufeng and its wholly owned subsidiary
Tianjuyuan. The fair value on the acquired non-compete agreement was estimated to be RMB
| June 30, | Foreign Currency | June 30, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | Adjustment | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Non-compete agreement | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total non-compete agreement, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||
TRADEMARKS
On
July 2, 2010, the Company acquired Gufeng and its wholly owned subsidiary Tianjuyuan. The preliminary fair value on the acquired trademarks
and brand names was estimated to be RMB
AMORTIZATION EXPENSE
Estimated amortization expenses of intangible assets for the next five twelve months periods ended June 30, are as follows:
| Years Ending June 30, | Expense ($) | |||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
NOTE 7 – OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Other
non-current assets mainly include advance payments related to rent the land use for the Company. As of June 30, 2022, the balance of
other non-current assets was $
F-18
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Estimated amortization expenses of the rental advance payments herein for the next four twelve-month periods ended June 30 and thereafter are as follows:
| Years ending June 30, | ||||
| 2023 | $ | |||
| 2024 | $ | |||
| 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | $ | |||
| 2027 and thereafter | $ | |||
NOTE 8 – ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER PAYABLES
Accrued expenses and other payables consisted of the following:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Payroll and welfare payable | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Other payables | ||||||||
| Other levy payable | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
NOTE 9 – AMOUNT DUE TO RELATED PARTIES
At
the end of December 2015, Yuxing entered into a sales agreement with the Company’s affiliate, 900LH.com Food Co., Ltd. (“900LH.com”,
previously announced as Xi’an Gem Grain Co., Ltd) pursuant to which Yuxing is to supply various vegetables to 900LH.com for its
incoming seasonal sales at the holidays and year ends (the “Sales Agreement”). The contingent contracted value of the Sales
Agreement is RMB
The
amount due from 900LH.com to Yuxing was $
As
of June 30, 2022, and June 30, 2021, the amount due to related parties was $
As
of June 30, 2022, the Company’s subsidiary, Jinong, owed 900LH.com. $
On
July 1, 2020, Jinong signed an office rental agreement with Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”),
of which Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, served as Chairman. Pursuant to the rental agreement, Jinong rented
NOTE 10 – LOAN PAYABLES
As
of June 30, 2022, the short-term loan payables consisted of two loans which mature on dates ranging from June 22, 2023 through June 23,
2023 with interest rates ranging from
| No. | Payee | Loan period per agreement | Interest Rate | June
30, 2022 |
||||||||
| 1 | Postal Saving Bank of China - Pinggu Branch | % | ||||||||||
| 2 | Beijing Bank -Pinggu Branch | % | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||||||
The
interest expense from short-term loans was $
F-19
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 11 – CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
Relating
to the acquisition of the VIE Companies, the Company subsidiary, Jinong, issued to the VIE Companies shareholders convertible notes payable
twice, in the aggregate notional amount of RMB
| No. | Related Acquisitions of Sales VIEs | Issuance Date | Maturity Date | Notional Interest Rate | Conversion Price | Notional
Amount (in RMB) |
||||||||||||
| 1 | Wangtian, Lishijie, Xindeguo, Xinyulei, Jinyangguang | % | $ | |||||||||||||||
| 2 | Fengnong, Xiangrong | % | $ | |||||||||||||||
The
convertible notes take priority over the preferred stock and common stock of Jinong, and any other class or series of capital stocks
Jinong issues in the future in terms of interests and payments in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Jinong.
On or after the third anniversary of the issuance date of the note, noteholders may request Jinong to process the note conversion to
convert the note into shares of the Company’s common stock. The notes cannot be converted prior to the mature date.
On
November 15, 2019, the Company issued
On
February 14, 2020, the Company issued
The
Company determined that the fair value of the convertible notes payable was
NOTE 12 – TAXES PAYABLE
Enterprise Income Tax
Effective
January 1, 2008, the Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) law of the PRC replaced the tax laws for Domestic Enterprises (“DEs”)
and Foreign Invested Enterprises (“FIEs”). The EIT rate of
Value-Added Tax
All
the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC were subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of
On
April 28, 2017, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2017 #37, “Notice on Policy of Reduced Value
Added Tax Rate,” under which, effective July 1, 2017, all the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold
in the PRC are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of
F-20
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
On
April 4, 2018, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2018 #32, “Notice on Adjustment of VAT Tax
Rate,” under which, effective May 1, 2018, all the Company’s fertilizer products that are produced and sold in the PRC
are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of
On
March 20, 2019, the PRC State of Administration of Taxation (SAT) released Notice 2019 #39, “Announcement on Policies Concerning
Deepening the Reform of Value Added Tax,” under which, Effective April 1, 2019, all the Company’s fertilizer products
that are produced and sold in the PRC are subject to a Chinese Value-Added Tax (VAT) of
Income Taxes and Related Payables
Taxes payable consisted of the following:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| VAT provision | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Income tax payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other levies | ||||||||
| Repatriation tax | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
The provision for income taxes consists of the following:
| Years Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Current tax – foreign | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
Significant components of deferred tax assets were as follows:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Deferred Tax Benefit | ||||||||
| Valuation allowance | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total deferred tax assets | $ | |||||||
The
change in valuation allowance for the year ended June 30, 2022 was a decrease of $
The Company periodically evaluates the likelihood of the realization of deferred tax assets and adjusts the carrying amount of the deferred tax assets by the valuation allowance to the extent the future realization of the deferred tax assets is not judged to be more likely than not. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of its deferred tax assets, including its recent cumulative earnings experience by taxing jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income or loss, the carryforward periods available to the Company for tax reporting purposes, and other relevant factors.
As
of June 30, 2022, based on the weight of available evidence, including cumulative losses in recent years and expectations of future taxable
income, the Company determined that it was more likely than not that its deferred tax assets would not be realized, and the total deferred
tax assets is
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and Provisional Estimates
F-21
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Tax Rate Reconciliation
June 30, 2022
| China 15% - 25% |
United States 21% |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pretax (loss) | $ | ( |
) | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||
| Expected income tax expense (benefit) | ( |
) | % | ( |
) | % | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||
| High-tech income benefits on Jinong | ( |
)% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from subsidiaries in which no benefit is recognized | ( |
)% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax asset from US tax benefit | ( |
) | % | ( |
)% | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||
| Actual tax expense | $ | ( |
) | % | $ | % | $ | ( |
) | % | ||||||||||||||
June 30, 2021
| China 15% - 25% | United States 21% | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pretax (loss) | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Expected income tax expense (benefit) | ( | ) | % | ( | ) | % | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| High-tech income benefits on Jinong | - | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from subsidiaries in which no benefit is recognized | - | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax asset from US tax benefit | - | % | ( | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Actual tax expense | $ | - | % | $ | % | $ | - | % | ||||||||||||||||
F-22
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 13 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
On
April 7, 2021, the Company granted and issued
On
August 30, 2021, the Company held its annual shareholder meeting for fiscal year 2020 and a proposal for issuance of shares of the Company’s
Common Stock was approved during the meeting. The proposal includes offerings up to
On
November 23, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with certain non-US investors, giving them the right to purchase
up to
On
April 4, 2022, the Company completed the issuance of
On
April 8, 2022, the Company issued
As of June 30, 2022, and June 30, 2021, there
were
Preferred Stock
As
of June 30, 2022, the Company has
NOTE 14 – STOCK OPTIONS
There
were no issuances of stock options during the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
F-23
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 15 – CONCENTRATIONS AND LITIGATION
Market Concentration
All the Company’s revenue-generating operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC’s economy.
The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among other things, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.
Vendor and Customer Concentration
There
are
There
was no vendor that the Company purchased over
There
was no customer that the Company sold over
Litigation
There are no other actions, suits, proceedings, inquiries or investigations before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.
NOTE 16 – SEGMENT REPORTING
As
of June 30, 2022, the Company was organized into
| Years Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Revenues from unaffiliated customers: | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating income (expense): | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Gufeng | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Reconciling item (1) | ||||||||
| Reconciling item (2) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Consolidated | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
F-24
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
| Net income (loss): | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||
| Gufeng | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Reconciling item (1) | ||||||||
| Reconciling item (2) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Reconciling item (3) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Consolidated | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Depreciation and Amortization: | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | $ | ||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||
| Jinong | ||||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | $ | ||||||
| Capital Expenditure: | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | $ | ||||||
| As of | ||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Identifiable assets: | ||||||||
| Jinong | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gufeng | ||||||||
| Yuxing | ||||||||
| Reconciling item (1) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Reconciling item (2) | ||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | Reconciling amounts refer to the unallocated assets or expenses of Green New Jersey. |
| (2) | Reconciling amounts refer to the unallocated assets or expenses of the Parent Company. |
| (3) | Reconciling amounts refer to the gain on discontinuing sales VIEs and the intercompany transaction clearing. |
Total
revenues from exported products currently accounted for less than
F-25
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 17 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, certain taxes and environmental matters, as wells commitments under contractual and other commercial obligations. We recognize liabilities for commitments and contingencies when a loss is probable and estimable.
On
July 1, 2020, Jinong signed an office rental agreement with Kingtone Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Kingtone Information”),
of which Mr. Zhuoyu Li, Chairman and CEO of the Company, served as its Chairman. Pursuant to the rental agreement, Jinong rented 612
square meters (approximately
In February 2004, Tianjuyuan signed a fifty-year rental agreement with the village committee of Dong Gao Village and Zhen Nan Zhang Dai Village in the Beijing Ping Gu District, at a monthly rent of RMB2,958 ($442).
On
August 1, 2020, Jinyangguang signed a one-year lease for
On
January 1, 2020, Fengnong signed a two-year lease for warehouse space with monthly rent of RMB
Accordingly,
the Company recorded an aggregate of $
| Years ending June 30, | ||||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
NOTE 18 – VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
In accordance with accounting standards regarding consolidation of variable interest entities, VIEs are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision-making ability. All VIEs with which a company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.
Green Nevada through one of its subsidiaries, Jinong, entered into a series of agreements (the “VIE Agreements”) with Yuxing for it to qualify as a VIE, effective June 16, 2013.
The Company has concluded, based on the contractual arrangements, that Yuxing is a VIE and that the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Jinong, absorbs most of the risk of loss from the activities of Yuxing, thereby enabling the Company, through Jinong, to receive a majority of Yuxing expected residual returns.
On June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and into a series of contractual agreements to qualify as VIEs with the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies.
Jinong, the sales VIE Companies, and the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies also entered into a series of contractual agreements for the sales VIE Companies to qualify as VIEs (the “VIE Agreements”).
F-26
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo, Xinyulei and Xiangrong.
On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.
On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.
On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.
As a result of these contractual arrangements, with Yuxing and the sales VIE Companies the Company is entitled to substantially all the economic benefits of Yuxing and the VIE Companies. The following financial statement amounts and balances of the VIEs were included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventories | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Related party receivable | ||||||||
| Advances to suppliers | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Plant, Property and Equipment, Net | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| - | ||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | - | |||||||
| Current Liabilities | - | |||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Customer deposits | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ||||||||
| Amount due to related parties | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | |||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
| Years Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Expenses | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
F-27
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 19 – BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
On June 30, 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinong, entered into strategic acquisition agreements and also into a series of contractual agreements to qualify as VIEs with the shareholders of Shaanxi Lishijie Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan Jinyangguang Sannong Service Co., Ltd., Shenqiu County Zhenbai Agriculture Co., Ltd., Weinan City Linwei District Wangtian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., Aksu Xindeguo Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Xinyulei Eco-agriculture Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
Subsequently, on January 1, 2017, Jinong entered into similar strategic acquisition agreements and a series of contractual agreements to qualify as VIEs with the shareholders of Sunwu County Xiangrong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., and Anhui Fengnong Seed Co., Ltd.
On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai.
On June 2, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo, Xinyulei and Xiangrong.
On December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie.
On December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong.
On March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang and Wangtian.
The VIE Agreements are as follows:
Entrusted Management Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Entrusted Management Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, between Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE Companies (the “Entrusted Management Agreements”), the sales VIE Companies and their shareholders agreed to entrust the operations and management of its business to Jinong. According to the Entrusted Management Agreement, Jinong possesses the full and exclusive right to manage the sales VIE Companies’ operations, assets and personnel, has the right to control all the sales VIE Companies’ cash flows through an entrusted bank account, is entitled to the sales VIE Companies’ net profits as a management fee, is obligated to pay all the sales VIE Companies’ payables and loan payments, and bears all losses of the sales VIE Companies. The Entrusted Management Agreements will remain in effect until (i) the parties mutually agree to terminate the agreement; (ii) the dissolution of the sales VIE Companies; or (iii) Jinong acquires all the assets or equity of the sales VIE Companies (as more fully described below under “Exclusive Option Agreements”).
Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, between Jinong and the sales VIE companies (the “Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements”), Jinong is the exclusive technology provider to the sales VIE companies. The sales VIE companies agreed to pay Jinong all fees payable for technology supply prior to making any payments under the Entrusted Management Agreement. The Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements shall remain in effect until (i) the parties mutually agree to terminate the agreement; (ii) the dissolution of the sales VIE companies; or (iii) Jinong acquires the sales VIE companies (as more fully described below under “Exclusive Option Agreements”).
Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies irrevocably appointed Jinong as their proxy to exercise on such shareholders’ behalf all of their voting rights as shareholders pursuant to PRC law and the Articles of Association of the sales VIE companies, including the appointment and election of directors of the sales VIE companies. Jinong agreed that it shall maintain a board of directors, the composition and appointment of which shall be approved by the Board of the Company. The Shareholder’s Voting Proxy Agreements will remain in effect until Jinong acquires all the assets or equity of the sales VIE companies.
F-28
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Exclusive Option Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Exclusive Option Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong, the sales VIE companies, and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Exclusive Option Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies granted Jinong an irrevocable and exclusive purchase option (the “Option”) to acquire the sales VIE companies’ equity interests and/or remaining assets, but only to the extent that the acquisition does not violate limitations imposed by PRC law on such transactions. The Option is exercisable at any time at Jinong’s discretion so long as such exercise and subsequent acquisition of the sales VIE companies does not violate PRC law. The consideration for the exercise of the Option is to be determined by the parties and memorialized in the future by definitive agreements setting forth the kind and value of such consideration. Jinong may transfer all rights and obligations under the Exclusive Option Agreements to any third parties without the approval of the shareholders of the sales VIE companies so long as a written notice is provided. The Exclusive Option Agreements may be terminated by mutual agreements or by 30 days written notice by Jinong.
Equity Pledge Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Equity Pledge Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Pledge Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies pledged all of their equity interests in the sales VIE companies to Jinong, including the proceeds thereof, to guarantee all of Jinong’s rights and benefits under the Entrusted Management Agreements, the Exclusive Technology Supply Agreements, the Shareholder’ Voting Proxy Agreements and the Exclusive Option Agreements. Prior to termination of the Pledge Agreements, the pledged equity interests cannot be transferred without Jinong’s prior written consent. The Pledge Agreements may be terminated only upon the written agreement of the parties.
Non-Compete Agreements
Pursuant to the terms of certain Non-Compete Agreements dated June 30, 2016 and January 1, 2017, among Jinong and the shareholders of the sales VIE companies (the “Non-Compete Agreements”), the shareholders of the sales VIE companies agreed that during the period beginning on the initial date of their services with Jinong, and ending five (5) years after termination of their services with Jinong, without Jinong’s prior written consent, they will not provide services or accept positions including but not limited to partners, directors, shareholders, managers, proxies or consultants, provided by any profit making organizations with businesses that may compete with Jinong. They will not solicit or interfere with any of the Jinong’s customers, or solicit, induce, recruit or encourage any person engaged or employed by Jinong to terminate his or her service or engagement. If the shareholders of the sales VIE companies breach the non-compete obligations contained therein, Jinong is entitled to all loss and damages; if the damages are difficult to determine, remedies bore the shareholders of the sales VIE companies shall be no less than 50% of the salaries and other expenses Jinong provided in the past.
The Company entered these VIE Agreements as a way for the Company to have more control over the distribution of its products. The transactions are accounted for as business combinations in accordance with ASC 805. A summary of the purchase price allocations at fair value is below:
For acquisitions made on June 30, 2016:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Accounts receivable | ||||
| Advances to suppliers | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||
| Inventories | ||||
| Machinery and equipment | ||||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Other assets | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||
| Customer deposits | ( | ) | ||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ( | ) | ||
| Taxes payable | ( | ) | ||
| Purchase price | $ |
F-29
CHINA
GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
A summary of the purchase consideration paid is below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Convertible notes | ||||
| Derivative liability | ||||
| $ |
The cash component of the purchase price for these acquisitions made on June 30, 2016 was paid in July and August 2016.
For acquisitions made on January 1, 2017:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Machinery and equipment | ||||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Customer Relationship | ||||
| Non-compete Agreement | ||||
| Purchase price | $ |
A summary of the purchase consideration paid is below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Convertible notes | ||||
| Derivative liability | ||||
| $ |
The cash component of the purchase price for these acquisitions made on January 1, 2017 was paid during March 2017.
On November 30, 2017, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Zhenbai. In return, the shareholders of Zhenbai agreed to tender the whole payment consideration in the SAA back to the Company with early termination penalties. The convertible notes paid to Zhenbai’s shareholders, and the accrued interest has been forfeited.
For the discontinuation of Zhenbai made on November 30, 2017, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Zhenbai:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Customer Relationship | ||||
| Non-compete Agreement | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total Asset | $ |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Zhenbai’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Interest Payable | ||||
| Convertible notes | ||||
| Derivative liability | ||||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Loss | ( | ) |
F-30
CHINA
GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
On
June 10, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei. In return, the shareholders of Xindeguo and Xinyulei agreed
to pay cash with amount of RMB
For the discontinuation of Xindeguo and Xinyulei made on June 10, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Xindeguo and Xinyulei:
| Working Capital | $ | ( | ) | |
| Intangible Assets | ||||
| Long-term equity investment | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total Asset |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Xindeguo and Xinyulei’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) | ( | ) |
On
June 10, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Xiangrong. In return, the shareholders of Xiangrong agreed to pay cash with amount
of RMB
For the discontinuation of Xiangrong made on June 10, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Xiangrong:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total Asset | $ |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Xiangrong’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
On
December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the
series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie. In return, the shareholders of Lishijie agreed to pay cash with amount
of RMB
For the discontinuation of Lishijie made on November 1, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Lishijie:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Total Asset | $ |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Lishijie’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
F-31
CHINA
GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
On
December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the
series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong. In return, the shareholders of Fengnong agreed to pay cash with amount
of RMB
For the discontinuation of Fengnong made on December 31, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Fengnong:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Fixed Assets | ||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||
| Total Asset |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Fengnong’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
On
March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang. In return, the shareholders of Jinyangguang agreed to pay cash with
amount of RMB
For the discontinuation of Jinyangguang made on March 31, 2022, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Jinyangguang:
| Working Capital | $ | ( | ) | |
| Intangible assets | $ | |||
| Total Asset | $ | ( | ) |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Jinyangguang’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | ( | ) | |
| Net Gain (Loss) | $ |
On
March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Wangtian. In return, the shareholders of Wangtian agreed to pay cash with amount of
RMB
For the discontinuation of Wangtian made on March 31, 2022, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Wangtian:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Fixed Assets | ||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||
| Total Asset |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Wangtian’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
F-32
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 20 – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On
December 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the
series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Lishijie. In return, the shareholders of Lishijie agreed to pay cash with amount
of RMB
For the discontinuation of Lishijie made on November 1, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Lishijie:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Total Asset | $ |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Lishijie’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
On
December 31, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the
series of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Fengnong. In return, the shareholders of Fengnong agreed to pay cash with amount
of RMB
For the discontinuation of Fengnong made on December 31, 2021, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Fengnong:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Fixed Assets | ||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||
| Total Asset |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Fengnong’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
On
March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Jinyangguang. In return, the shareholders of Jinyangguang agreed to pay cash with
amount of RMB
For the discontinuation of Jinyangguang made on March 31, 2022, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Jinyangguang:
| Working Capital | $ | ( | ) | |
| Intangible assets | $ | |||
| Total Asset | $ | ( | ) |
F-33
CHINA
GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Jinyangguang’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | ( | ) | |
| Net Gain (Loss) | $ |
On
March 31, 2022, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Jinong, discontinued the strategic acquisition agreements and the series
of contractual agreements with the shareholders of Wangtian. In return, the shareholders of Wangtian agreed to pay cash with amount of
RMB
For the discontinuation of Wangtian made on March 31, 2022, the Company gave up the control of the following assets in Wangtian:
| Working Capital | $ | |||
| Fixed Assets | ||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||
| Total Asset |
In return, the purchase consideration returned to the Company from Wangtian’s shareholders is summarized below:
| Cash | $ | |||
| Total Payback | $ | |||
| Net Gain (Loss) |
F-34
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
The following table summarizes the results of discontinued operations for the periods presented:
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventories | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Related party receivable | ||||||||
| Advances to suppliers | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Plant, Property and Equipment, Net | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Customer deposits | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ||||||||
| Amount due to related parties | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | |||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
| Years Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cost of goods sold | ||||||||
| Selling expenses | ||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||
| Income before provision (benefit) from income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | ||||||||
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
F-35
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
NOTE 21 – RESTRICTED NET ASSETS
The Company’s operations are primarily conducted through its PRC subsidiaries, which can only pay dividends out of their retained earnings determined in accordance with the accounting standards and regulations in the PRC and after it has met the PRC requirements for appropriation to statutory reserves. In addition, the Company’s businesses and assets are primarily denominated in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. These currency exchange control procedures imposed by the PRC government authorities may restrict the ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries to transfer their net assets to the Parent Company through loans, advances or cash dividends.
The
Company’s PRC subsidiaries net assets as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 exceeded
Parent Company Financial Statements
PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC.
Condensed Balance Sheets
| As of June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Long-term equity investment | ||||||||
| Total long-term assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Amount due to related parties | ||||||||
| Other payables and accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Retained earnings | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
F-36
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
Condensed Statements of Operations
| Year ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||
| Provision for tax | ( | ) | ||||||
| Equity investment in subsidiaries | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
| Year Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance | $ | $ | ||||||
Notes to Condensed Parent Company Financial Information
As of June 30, 2022, and 2021, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions for long-term obligations, or guarantees of the Company, except as separately disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements, if any. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted.
NOTE 22 – OTHER EVENTS
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, which was continuing to spread throughout China and other parts of the world, including the United States. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the COVID-19 a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern,” and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized the outbreak as a “pandemic”. The epidemic has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of office buildings and facilities in China and in the U.S.
Xi’an City, where our headquarters are located, is one of the most affected areas in China. The Company has been following the orders of local government and health authorities to minimize exposure risk for its employees, including the closures of its offices and having employees work remotely from January of 2020 until March of 2020. An occurrence of an uncontrollable event such as the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect our operations and financial results.
Substantially all our revenues are generated in China. Consequently, our results of operations were adversely and materially affected by COVID-19. Any potential impact to our results will depend on, to a large extent, future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of COVID-19 and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control. Potential impacts include, but are not limited to, the following:
| ● | temporary closure of offices, travel restrictions or suspension of transportation of our products to our customers and our suppliers have been negatively affected, and could continue to be negatively affected, on their ability to supply our demands; |
| ● | our customers that are negatively impacted by the outbreak of COVID-19 may reduce their budgets to purchase our products and services, which may materially adversely impact our revenue; |
| ● | we may have to provide significant sales incentives to our customers in response to the outbreak, which may in turn materially adversely affect our financial condition and operating results; |
| ● | the business operations of our customers and suppliers have been and could continue to be negatively impacted by the outbreak, result in loss of customers or disruption of our services, which may in turn materially adversely affect our financial condition and operating results; |
F-37
CHINA GREEN AGRICULTURE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2022
| ● | any disruption of our supply chain, logistics providers or customers could adversely impact our business and results of operations, including causing our suppliers to cease manufacturing products for a period or materially delay delivery to customers, which may also lead to loss of customers, as well as reputational, competitive, and business harm to us; |
| ● | many of our customers, distributors, suppliers, and other partners are individuals and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which may not have strong cash flows or be well capitalized, and they may be vulnerable to an epidemic outbreak and slowing macroeconomic conditions. If the SMEs that we work with cannot weather COVID-19 and the resulting economic impact, or cannot resume business as usual after a prolonged outbreak, our revenues and business operations may be materially and adversely impacted; |
| ● | the global stock markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, significant decline from the COVID-19 outbreak, which could materially adversely affect our stock price; |
Because of the uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 outbreak, the financial impact related to the outbreak of and response to the COVID-19 cannot be reasonably estimated at this time, but our results for the full fiscal year of 2022 had been adversely affected.
In general, our business could be adversely affected by the effects of epidemics, including, but not limited to, the COVID-19, avian influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the influenza A virus, the Ebola virus, or other outbreaks. In response to an epidemic or other outbreaks, government and other organizations may adopt regulations and policies that could lead to severe disruption to our daily operations, including temporary closure of our offices and other facilities. These severe conditions may cause us and/or our partners to make internal adjustments, including but not limited to, temporarily closing business, limiting business hours, and setting restrictions on travel and/or visits with clients and partners for a prolonged period. Various impacts arising from severe conditions may cause business disruption, resulting in material, adverse effects to our financial condition and results of operations.
We are taking significant measures to mitigate the financial and operational impacts of COVID-19 as well as additional actions to improve our liquidity through cost reduction and conservation measures.
NOTE 23 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In accordance with ASC 855-10, the Company has analyzed its operations after June 30, 2022 to the date these consolidated financial statements were available to be issued.
On
August 2, 2022, the Company completed the issuance of
F-38