Goodwill by reportable operating segment and in total, and changes in the carrying amounts, as of the dates indicated are as follows:

	Women's			Men's		Home		International		Consolidated
Net goodwill at January 1, 2018	$	37,812		$	—	$	—	$	26,070	$	63,882
Acquisition of 5% interest in Iconix Australia		—			—		—		29		29
Impairment		(37,812	)				—		—		(37,812	)
Net goodwill at December 31, 2018	$			$	—	$	—	$	26,099	$	26,099
Impairment		—			—		—		—		—
Net goodwill at December 31, 2019	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	26,099	$	26,099

In July 2018, the Company purchased an additional 5% ownership interest in Iconix Australia from its joint venture partner. As a result of this transaction, the Company consolidated the entity in its financial statements and recorded goodwill of less than $0.1 million. Refer to Note 4 for further details.

The Company identifies its operating segments according to how business activities are managed and evaluated. The Company has four distinct reportable operating segments: men’s, women’s, home, and international. These operating segments represent individual reporting units for purposes of evaluating goodwill for impairment. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using discounted cash flow analysis and estimates of sales proceeds with consideration of market participant data. As a corroborative source of information, the Company evaluates the estimated aggregate fair values of its reporting units to within a reasonable range of its market capitalization, which includes an assumed control premium (an adjustment reflecting an estimated fair value on a control basis) to verify the reasonableness of the fair value of its reporting units. The control premium is estimated based upon control premiums observed in comparable market transactions. As none of the Company’s reporting units are publicly traded, individual reporting unit fair value determinations do not directly correlate to the Company’s stock price. The Company monitors changes in the share price to ensure that the market capitalization continues to exceed or is not significantly below the carrying value of our total net assets. In the event that our market capitalization is below the book value of the Company’s aggregate fair value of its reporting units, we consider the length and severity of the decline and the reason for the decline when evaluating whether potential goodwill impairment exists. Additionally, if a reporting unit does not appear to be achieving the projected growth plan used in determining its fair value, we will reevaluate the reporting unit for potential goodwill impairment based on revised projections, as deemed appropriate. The annual evaluation of goodwill is typically performed as of October 1, the beginning of the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter. Utilizing the Income Approach, the Company performed a two-step goodwill impairment test and an intangible asset impairment test using a discounted cash flow analysis to evaluate whether the carrying value of each of its segments exceeded its fair value.

During the fourth quarter of FY 2019, the Company evaluated its goodwill for potential impairment. Based upon the results of step 1 of the goodwill impairment test in accordance with ASC 350, the Company noted that the fair value of the international segment exceeded the carrying value, therefore no impairment was recorded.

During the fourth quarter of FY 2018, the Company evaluated its goodwill for potential impairment incremental to the amount recorded as of September 30, 2018. Based upon the results of step 1 of the goodwill impairment test in accordance with ASC 350, the Company noted that the fair value of the international segment exceeded the carrying value after first reflecting the impairment of trademarks. As a result, no additional goodwill impairment was recorded during the fourth quarter of FY 2018.

During the second quarter of 2018, based upon the results of step 1 of the goodwill impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 for the women’s segment, the Company noted that the carrying value of the women’s segment exceeded its fair value after first reflecting the impairment of the Mossimo trademark, as discussed below. In accordance with step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $37.8 million in the second quarter of 2018, which is due to the projected decline in royalties associated with the license agreements for the Mossimo brand.

Trademarks and Other Intangibles, net

Trademarks and other intangibles, net consist of the following:

		December 31, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Estimated Lives in Years	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Indefinite-lived trademarks and copyrights	Indefinite	$	274,080	$	—	$	337,631	$	—
Definite-lived trademarks	10-15		8,958		8,958		8,958		8,958
Licensing contracts	1-9		978		974		978		909
		$	284,016	$	9,932	$	347,567	$	9,867
Trademarks and other intangibles, net				$	274,084			$	337,700

The trademarks of Candie’s, Bongo, Joe Boxer, Rampage, Mudd, London Fog, Mossimo, Ocean Pacific, Danskin, Rocawear, Cannon, Royal Velvet, Fieldcrest, Charisma, Starter, Waverly, Ecko, Zoo York, Ed Hardy, Umbro, Modern Amusement, Buffalo, Lee Cooper, Hydraulic, and Pony have been determined to have an indefinite useful life and accordingly, consistent with ASC Topic 350, no amortization has been recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Instead, each of these intangible assets are tested for impairment annually and as needed on an individual brand and territorial basis as separate single units of accounting, with any related impairment charge recorded to the statement of operations at the time of determining such impairment. The annual evaluation of the Company’s indefinite-lived trademarks is typically performed as of October 1, the beginning of the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter, or as deemed necessary due to the identification of a triggering event.

As it relates to the Company’s impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets, assumptions and inputs used in our fair value estimates include the following: (i) discount rates; (ii) royalty rates; (iii) projected average revenue growth rates; and (iv) projected long-term growth rates. Additionally, for those instances where core licenses have not been or will not be renewed and replacement licenses have not yet been identified, the Company’s estimate of fair value may incorporate a probability weighted average of projected cash flows based on several scenarios (e.g. DTR license, wholesale license, or direct-to-consumer model). Key inputs to these scenarios, which were selected based on the perspective of a market participant and include estimated future retail and wholesale sales and related royalties, are assessed a probability of occurrence to compensate for the uncertainty of success and timing of completion. The Company will continue to reassess these probabilities and inputs, as well as economic conditions and expectations of management, and may record additional impairment charges as these estimates are updated, all of which are subject to change in the future based on period-specific facts and circumstances.

The Company recorded impairment charges for indefinite-lived intangible assets consisting of trademarks in FY 2019. The primary driver of the impairment charges was a decline in the net sales, as well as a decline in future guaranteed minimum royalties from license agreements for certain brands. As a result, in the fourth quarter of FY 2019, the Company recorded a total non-cash asset impairment charge of $65.6 million, which is comprised of $35.3 million in the women’s segment, $0.8 million in the men’s segment, $17.8 million in the home segment, and $11.7 million in the international segment to reduce various trademarks in those segments to fair value. Impairments primarily relate to declines in the Joe Boxer, Mudd, OP, Mossimo, Bongo, Rampage, Umbro, Fieldcrest and Royal Velvet brands.

The Company recorded impairment charges for indefinite-lived intangible assets consisting of trademarks in the fourth quarter of FY 2018 based on a decline in the net sales as well as a decline in future guaranteed minimum royalties from license agreements for certain brands. As a result, in the fourth quarter of FY 2018, the Company recorded a total non-cash asset impairment charge of $58.7 million which is comprised of $55.1 million in the women’s segment, $0.1 million in the men’s segment, $2.7 million in the home segment, and $0.8 million in the international segment to reduce various trademarks in those segments to fair value.

Given Kmart/Sears bankruptcy filing on October 15, 2018, the Company conducted an indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 for the Joe Boxer, Cannon and Bongo trademarks whose future revenues and earnings were either exclusively or heavily dependent on the existing license agreements with Sears. As part of its indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test for the Joe Boxer, Cannon and Bongo trademarks, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $4.4 million in the third quarter of FY 2018 to reduce the Joe Boxer trademark to fair value. At that time, the fair value of the Bongo and Cannon trademarks remained above their current book value and thus no impairment charge was recorded. During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recognized an additional non-cash impairment charges of $6.8 million related to the Joe Boxer trademark (in the women’s segment) and $2.7 million related to the Cannon trademark (in the home segment), which are included in the total $58.7 million non-cash impairment charge discussed above.

As of June 30, 2018, the Company revised its forecasted future earnings for the Mossimo brand given the Company was unsuccessful in finding a replacement core licensee. As a result, the Company conducted an indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test in accordance with ASC 350. Consequently, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $73.3 million in the second quarter of FY 2018 in the women segment to reduce the Mossimo trademark to fair value. During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recognized an additional non-cash impairment charge of $32.7 million (in the women’s segment), which is included in the total $58.7 million non-cash impairment charge discussed above.

The Company measured its indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC-820-10-55-3F which states, “The income approach converts future amounts (for example cash flows) in income and expenses in a single current (that is, discounted) amount. When the income approach is used, fair value measurement reflects current market expectations about those future amounts. The Income Approach is based on the present value of future earnings expected to be generated by a business or asset. Income projections for a future period are discounted at a rate commensurate with the degree of risk associated with future proceeds. A residual or terminal value is also added to the present value of the income to quantify the value of the business beyond the projection period.”

Changes in estimates and assumptions used to determine whether impairment exists or changes in actual results compared to expected results could result in additional impairment charges in future periods.

In accordance with ASC 360, there were no impairment charges to the Company’s definite-lived trademarks during FY 2019 or FY 2018.

During FY 2018, the Company completed the sale of the Badgley Mischka and Sharper Image intellectual property and related assets from the Iconix Southeast Asia, Iconix MENA, Iconix Europe and Iconix Australia joint ventures. Refer to Note 5 for further details.

During FY 2018, the Company purchased an additional 5% ownership interest in Iconix Australia, which resulted in the Company consolidating the entity on its consolidated balance sheet and the statement of operations. As a result of this transaction, the Company recorded $12.3 million of trademarks on its consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 4 for further details.

Amortization expense for intangible assets for FY 2019 and FY 2018 was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The Company projects amortization expenses to be less than $0.1 million in both FY 2020 and FY 2021 and none in FY 2022 through FY 2024.