Acquisition and transaction-related costs were $18.7 million, $13.2 million and $15.0 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Acquisition and transaction-related costs include direct costs of potential and completed acquisitions (e.g., investment banker fees and professional fees, including legal and valuation services) and expenses related to acquisition integration activities (e.g., professional fees and severance). Other transactional charges include third-party costs related to structuring unusual transactions, such as the divestiture of a portion of our business. These costs are classified in General and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Our results of operations include or exclude, as applicable, the results of acquired or sold businesses beginning on their respective acquisition or sale date.

The acquisitions described below have been accounted for as business combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been recorded at their estimated fair values as of the respective acquisition date. The fair values of intangible assets were based on valuations using discounted cash flow models which require the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including estimating future revenues, future costs, and an applicable discount rate. The excess of the purchase price over the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and assumed liabilities was recorded as goodwill.

On January 3, 2023, we acquired ServiceMax, Inc. pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement dated November 17, 2022 by and among PTC, ServiceMax, Inc., and ServiceMax JV, LP. ServiceMax develops and licenses cloud-native, product-centric field service management (FSM) software, which is included within our PLM product group. The purchase price of $1,448.2 million, net of cash acquired, was payable in two installments. Upon closing of the transaction, PTC paid the first installment of $828.2 million, as adjusted for working capital, indebtedness, cash, and transaction expenses as set forth in the Share Purchase Agreement. The remaining installment of $650.0 million, of which $620.0 million represents the fair value as of the acquisition date and $30.0 million is imputed interest, was paid in October 2023. The fair value of the deferred acquisition payment was calculated based on our borrowing rate at the time of the acquisition.

PTC borrowed $630 million under the revolving line of our new credit facility and $500 million under the term loan of the new credit facility to repay amounts under the prior credit facility and to pay the closing purchase price and transaction expenses related to the acquisition. ServiceMax had approximately 500 employees on the close date. In the year ended September 30, 2023, ServiceMax revenue was $137.6 million and ServiceMax earnings were immaterial.

The following table sets forth the purchase price allocation for ServiceMax. The purchase price allocation includes the finalization of measurement period adjustments related to intangibles and deferred tax liabilities that resulted in a $3.5 million increase in customer relationships, a $3.2 million increase in net tax liability, and a $0.3 million decrease in goodwill compared to the balances reported as of March 31, 2023. We have also recorded a liability of $620.0 million related to the fair value of the $650.0 million deferred purchase price payment.


(in thousands)
Goodwill	$	974,850
Customer relationships		512,700
Purchased software		106,900
Accounts receivable		58,722
Trademarks		9,000
Other net assets		5,540
Net tax liability		(121,656	)
Deferred revenue		(97,829	)
Total	$	1,448,227

The acquired customer relationships, purchased software, and trademarks are being amortized over useful lives of 20 years, 10 years, and 10 years, respectively, based on the expected economic benefit pattern of the assets. The acquired goodwill will not be deductible for income tax purposes. The amount of goodwill resulting from the purchase price allocation reflects expected future growth as ServiceMax expands our closed-loop product lifecycle management (PLM) strategy.

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations for PTC and ServiceMax. The unaudited pro forma financial information for all periods presented includes adjustments to reflect certain business combination effects, including: amortization of acquired intangible assets and the elimination of related ServiceMax expenses; acquisition-related costs incurred by both parties; reversal of certain costs incurred by ServiceMax which would not have been incurred had the acquisition occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2022; interest expense under the new combined capital structure; stock-based compensation charges; and the related tax effects as though ServiceMax was acquired as of the beginning of fiscal 2022. The unaudited pro forma financial information as presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of fiscal 2022.

The unaudited pro forma financial information for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 presented below combines the historical results of PTC for those periods, the historical results of ServiceMax for the year ended October 31, 2022 and the three months ended January 31, 2023, and the effects of the pro forma adjustments listed above.


(in thousands)	Pro forma year ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Revenue	$	2,140,738	$	2,101,796
Net income	$	239,437	$	230,655

The impact from acquisitions other than ServiceMax for the reported periods if presented on a pro forma basis would not differ materially from our reported results.

On April 29, 2022, we acquired Intland Software, GmbH, and Eger Invest GmbH (together, “Intland Software”) pursuant to a Share Sale and Purchase Agreement. Intland Software developed and marketed the Codebeamer Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) family of software products. The purchase price of the acquisition was $278.1 million, net of cash acquired, which was financed with cash

on hand and $264 million borrowed under our existing credit facility. Intland Software had approximately 150 employees on the close date.

The following table sets forth the purchase price allocation for Intland Software. The purchase price allocation includes the finalization of measurement period adjustments, which resulted in a $0.9 million increase in goodwill from $240.0 million as of June 30, 2022, driven by completion of working capital adjustments.


(in thousands)
Goodwill	$	240,971
Customer relationships		38,800
Purchased software		19,100
Accounts receivable		6,506
Trademarks		1,300
Net tax liability		(20,811	)
Deferred revenue		(6,925	)
Other net liabilities		(818	)
Total	$	278,123

The acquired customer relationships, purchased software, and trademarks are being amortized over useful lives of 11 years, 10 years, and 10 years, respectively, based on the expected economic benefit pattern of the assets. The acquired goodwill was allocated to our software products segment and will not be deductible for income tax purposes. The resulting amount of goodwill reflects the expected value that will be created by expanding our ALM offerings, which are complementary to our PLM offerings.

On January 15, 2021, we acquired Arena Holdings, Inc. (“Arena”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of December 12, 2020 by and among PTC, Arena, Astronauts Merger Sub, Inc., and the Representative named therein. We paid approximately $715 million, net of cash acquired of $11.1 million, for Arena, which amount was financed with cash on hand and $600 million borrowed under our existing credit facility. Arena had approximately 170 employees on the close date. The acquisition of Arena added revenue of approximately $29.8 million in FY'21, which was net of approximately $9.1 million in fair value adjustments related to purchase accounting for the acquisition.

The following table sets forth the purchase price allocation for Arena.


(in thousands)
Goodwill	$	562,838
Customer relationships		155,000
Purchased software		38,300
Accounts receivable		11,392
Trademarks		4,200
Net tax liability		(41,256	)
Deferred revenue		(15,500	)
Other net liabilities		(369	)
Total	$	714,605

The acquired customer relationships, purchased software, and trademarks are being amortized over useful lives of 13 years, 9 years, and 12 years, respectively, based on the expected economic benefit pattern of the assets. The acquired goodwill was allocated to our software products segment and will not be deductible for income tax purposes. The resulting amount of goodwill reflects the expected value that will be created by participation in expected future growth of the PLM SaaS market and expansion into the mid-market for PLM, where SaaS solutions are becoming the standard.

On June 1, 2022, we sold a portion of our PLM services business to ITC Infotech India Limited pursuant to a Strategic Partner Agreement dated as of April 20, 2022 by and between PTC and ITC Infotech. Consideration received from ITC Infotech for the sale was approximately $60.4 million, consisting of $32.5 million cash paid on closing and $28.0 million of services to be provided by ITC Infotech to PTC for no additional charge.

We recognized a gain on the sale of $29.8 million, which is included within Other income, net. The recognized gain consists of $60.4 million of consideration received, less net assets of the business of $30.6 million. Net assets include $33.0 million of goodwill allocated to the business, less $2.4 million of liabilities associated with approximately 160 employees who transferred to ITC Infotech. Goodwill was allocated to the sold business based on a relative fair value allocation of total goodwill of the Professional Services segment.

Additional future contingent consideration of up to $20 million may be received by PTC based on certain performance milestones. We have elected to defer the recognition of gains associated with contingent consideration until they become realizable.