EX-99.77Q1 OTHR EXHB 7 q771.txt SUB-ITEM 77Q1 AMENDED AND RESTATED DECLARATION OF TRUST OF MFS SPECIAL VALUE TRUST Dated as of August 12, 2003 -i- TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ARTICLE I--Name and Definitions 1 -------------------- Section 1.1 Name 1 Section 1.2 Definitions 1 ARTICLE II--Trustees 3 -------- Section 2.1 Number of Trustees 3 Section 2.2 Term of Office of Trustees 3 Section 2.3 Resignation and Appointment of Trustees 4 Section 2.4 Vacancies 5 Section 2.5 Delegation of Power to Other Trustees 5 ARTICLE III--Powers of Trustees 5 ------------------ Section 3.1 General 5 Section 3.2 Investments 6 Section 3.3 Legal Title 7 Section 3.4 Issuance and Repurchase of Securities 8 Section 3.5 Borrowing Money; Lending Trust Property 8 Section 3.6 Delegation 8 Section 3.7 Collection and Payment 8 Section 3.8 Expenses 8 Section 3.9 Manner of Acting; By-Laws 8 Section 3.10 Miscellaneous Powers 9 ARTICLE IV--Investment Adviser, Distributor, Custodian and Transfer Agent 10 ------------------------------------------------------------- Section 4.1 Investment Adviser 10 Section 4.2 Distributor 10 Section 4.3 Custodian 11 Section 4.4 Transfer Agent 11 Section 4.5 Parties to Contract 11 ARTICLE V--Limitations of Liability of Shareholders, Trustees and Others 11 ------------------------------------------------------------- Section 5.1 No Personal Liability of Shareholders 11 Section 5.2 Limitation of Liability of Trustees and Others 12 Section 5.3 Mandatory Indemnification 13 Section 5.4 No Bond Required 15 Section 5.5 No Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments 15 Section 5.6 Good Faith Action; Reliance on Experts 16 Section 5.7 Derivative Actions 16 ARTICLE VI--Shares of Beneficial Interest 17 ----------------------------- Section 6.1 Beneficial Interest 17 Section 6.2 Rights of Shareholders 17 Section 6.3 Trust Only 17 Section 6.4 Issuance of Shares 17 Section 6.5 Register of Shares 18 Section 6.6 Transfer of Shares 18 Section 6.7 Notices 19 Section 6.8 Voting Powers 19 ARTICLE VII--Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions 20 -------------------------------------------------------------- ARTICLE VIII--Duration; Termination of Trust; Amendment; Mergers, etc. 20 ------------------------------------------------------- Section 8.1 Duration 20 Section 8.2 Termination of Trust 20 Section 8.3 Amendment Procedure 21 Section 8.4 Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets 22 Section 8.5 Incorporation, Reorganization 22 Section 8.6 Conversion 23 Section 8.7 Certain Transactions 23 ARTICLE IX--Miscellaneous 25 ------------- Section 9.1 Filing 25 Section 9.2 Governing Law 25 Section 9.3 Principal Office 26 Section 9.4 Counterparts 26 Section 9.5 Reliance by Third Parties 26 Section 9.6 Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations 26 Signature Page 27 -2- -1- AMENDED AND RESTATED DECLARATION OF TRUST OF MFS SPECIAL VALUE TRUST Dated as of August 12, 2003 WHEREAS, MFS Special Value Trust was established pursuant to a Declaration of Trust dated September 29, 1989, as amended (the "Original Declaration"), for the investment and reinvestment of funds contributed thereto; WHEREAS, the Trustees desire that the beneficial interest in the Trust assets continue to be divided into transferable Shares of Beneficial Interest (without par value), as hereinafter provided; WHEREAS, the Trustees wish to amend and restate the Original Declaration in its entirety, and hereby certify that this Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust has been amended and restated in accordance with the provisions of the Original Declaration; NOW THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby confirm that all money and property contributed to the Trust hereunder shall be held and managed in trust for the benefit of holders, from time to time, of the Shares of Beneficial Interest (without par value) issued hereunder and subject to the provisions hereof, and that the Original Declaration, including all appendices, is amended and restated in its entirety as follows. ARTICLE I NAME AND DEFINITIONS Section 1.1. Name. The name of the Trust is MFS Special Value Trust. ------------------ Section 1.2. Definitions. Wherever they are used herein, the ------------------------- following terms have the following respective meanings: (a) "By-Laws" means the By-laws referred to in Section 3.9 hereof, -------- as from time to time amended. (b) "Commission" has the meaning given that term in the 1940 Act. ---------- (c) "Declaration" means this Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, as amended from time to time. Reference in this Declaration of Trust to "Declaration," "hereof," "herein" and "hereunder" shall be deemed to refer to this Declaration rather than the article or section in which such words appear. (d)"Distributor" means a party furnishing services to the Trust ------------- pursuant to any contract described in Section 4.2 hereof. (e)"Interested Person" has the meaning given that term in the 1940 Act. ----------------- (f)"Investment Adviser" means a party furnishing services to the Trust ------------------- pursuant to any contract described in Section 4.1 hereof. (g) "Majority Shareholder Vote" has the same meaning as the phrase "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" as defined in the 1940 Act. (h) "1940 Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules and Regulations thereunder, as amended from time to time, and as such Act or the Rules and Regulations thereunder may apply to the Trust pursuant to any exemptive order or similar relief or interpretation issued by the Commission under such Act. (i) "Person" means and includes individuals, corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, trusts, associations, joint ventures and other entities, whether or not legal entities, and governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof, whether domestic or foreign. (j) "Shareholder" means a record owner of outstanding Shares. ----------- (k) "Shares" means the Shares of Beneficial Interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided from time to time. The term "Shares" includes fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares. (l) "Transfer Agent" means a party furnishing services to the Trust pursuant to any transfer agency contract described in Section 4.4 hereof. (m) "Trust" means the trust hereunder. ----- (n) "Trust Property" means any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust or the Trustees. (o) "Trustees" means the persons who have signed the Declaration, so long as they shall continue in office in accordance with the terms hereof, and all other persons who may from time to time be duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving as Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof, and reference herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such person or persons in their capacity as trustees hereunder. (p) "Trustees Emeritus" means any former Trustees who, from time to time, are appointed by the Trustees to serve as trustees emeritus of the Trust in accordance with the guidelines and conditions for such service adopted by the Trustees from time to time, for so long as they serve in that capacity. Trustees Emeritus, in their capacity as such, are not Trustees of the Trust for any purpose, and shall not have any powers or obligations of Trustees hereunder. ARTICLE II TRUSTEES Section 2.1. Number of Trustees. The number of Trustees shall be such number as shall be fixed from time to time by a majority of the Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than three (3) nor more than fifteen (15). No reduction in the number of Trustees shall have the effect of removing any Trustee from office prior to the expiration of his or her term unless the Trustee is specifically removed pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof at the time of the decrease. Section 2.2. Term of Office of Trustees. The Board of Trustees shall be divided into three classes. Within the limits above specified, the number of Trustees in each class shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees. The term of office of the first class shall expire on the date of the first annual meeting of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof following January 1, 2002. The term of office of the second class shall expire on the date of the second annual meeting of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof. The term of office of the third class shall expire on the date of the third annual meeting of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof. Upon expiration of the term of office of each class as set forth above, the number of Trustees in such class, as determined by the Board of Trustees, shall be elected for a term expiring on the date of the third annual meeting of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof following such expiration to succeed the Trustees whose terms of office expire. The Trustees shall be elected at an annual meeting of the Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof called for that purpose, except as provided in Section 2.3 hereof. Each Trustee shall hold office until the earlier of his or her death or the election and qualification of his or her successor; except that: (a) any Trustee may resign his or her trust (without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing signed by that Trustee and delivered to the Trust, which shall take effect upon such delivery or upon such later date as is specified therein; (b) any Trustee may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by written instrument signed by at least three-quarters of the Trustees, specifying the date when such removal shall become effective; (c) any Trustee who has attained a mandatory retirement age established pursuant to any written policy adopted from time to time by at least two-thirds of the Trustees shall, automatically and without action of such Trustee or the remaining Trustees, be deemed to have retired in accordance with the terms of such policy, effective as of the date determined in accordance with such policy; and (d) a Trustee may be removed at any meeting of Shareholders by a vote of Shares representing two-thirds of the outstanding Shares of the Trust entitled to vote for the election of such Trustee. Upon the resignation, retirement or removal of a Trustee, or his or her otherwise ceasing to be a Trustee, that individual shall execute and deliver such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the purpose of conveying to the Trust or the remaining Trustees any Trust Property held in the name of the resigning, retiring or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or death of any Trustee, that Trustee's legal representative shall execute and deliver on his or her behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as provided in the preceding sentence. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement to which the Trust is a party or in a written policy adopted by the Trustees, no resigning or removed Trustee shall have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal. Section 2.3. Resignation and Appointment of Trustees. In case of the declination, death, resignation, retirement or removal of any of the Trustees, or in case a vacancy shall, by reason of an increase in number of Trustees, or for any other reason, exist, a majority of the remaining Trustees may fill such vacancy by appointing such other individual as they in their discretion shall see fit. Any such appointment shall not become effective, however, until the person appointed shall have accepted in writing such appointment and agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of the Declaration. An appointment of a Trustee may be made by the Trustees then in office in anticipation of a vacancy to occur by reason of retirement, resignation, removal or increase in number of Trustees effective at a later date, provided that said appointment shall become effective only at or after the effective date of said retirement, resignation, removal or increase in number of Trustees. The power of appointment is subject to all applicable provisions of the 1940 Act. Section 2.4. Vacancies. The death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal or incapacity of the Trustees, or any of them, shall not operate to annul the Trust or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of the Declaration. Whenever a vacancy in the number of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled as provided in Section 2.3, or while any Trustee is incapacitated, the other Trustees in office, regardless of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Trustees by the Declaration, and only such other Trustees shall be counted for the purposes of the existence of a quorum or the taking of any action to be taken by the Trustees. A written instrument certifying the existence of such vacancy or incapacity signed by a majority of the Trustees shall be conclusive evidence of the existence thereof. Section 2.5. Delegation of Power to Other Trustees. Subject to requirements imposed by the 1940 Act and other applicable law, any Trustee may, by power of attorney, delegate his power for a period not exceeding six months at any one time to any other Trustee or Trustees; provided that in no case shall fewer than two Trustees personally exercise the powers granted to the Trustees under the Declaration except as otherwise expressly provided herein. ARTICLE III POWERS OF TRUSTEES Section 3.1. General. Subject to the provisions of the Declaration, the Trustees shall have exclusive and absolute control over the Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and business in their own right, but with such powers of delegation as may be permitted by the Declaration. The Trustees shall have power to conduct the business of the Trust and carry on its operations in any and all of its branches and maintain offices both within and without The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in any and all states of the United States of America, in the District of Columbia, and in any and all commonwealths, territories, dependencies, colonies, possessions, agencies or instrumentalities of the United States of America and of foreign governments, and to do all such other things and execute all such instruments as the Trustees deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote the interests of the Trust although such things are not herein specifically mentioned. Any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust made by the Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions of the Declaration, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Trustees. The enumeration of any specific power herein shall not be construed as limiting the aforesaid power or any other power of the Trustees hereunder. Such powers of the Trustees may be exercised without order of or resort to any court. Section 3.2. Investments. (a) The Trustees shall have the power: ------------------------- (i)to conduct, operate and carry on the business of an investment company; (ii) to subscribe for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge, sell, assign, transfer, exchange, distribute, lend or otherwise deal in or dispose of securities of every nature and kind, U.S. and foreign currencies, any form of gold or other precious metal, commodity contracts, any form of option contract, contracts for the future acquisition or delivery of fixed income or other securities, derivative instruments of every kind, "when-issued" or standby contracts, and all types of obligations or financial instruments, including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks, negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of indebtedness, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, bankers' acceptances, and other securities of any kind, issued, created, guaranteed or sponsored by any and all Persons, including, without limitation, (A) states, territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision, agency or instrumentality of any such Person, (B) the U.S. Government, any foreign government, or any political subdivision or any agency or instrumentality of the U.S. Government or any foreign government, (C) any international instrumentality, (D) any bank or savings institution, or (E) any corporation or organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state, territory or possession thereof, or under any foreign law; to retain Trust assets in cash and from time to time to change the investments in which the assets of the Trust are invested; and to exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges of ownership or interest in respect of any and all such investments of every kind and description, including, without limitation, the right to consent and otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons to exercise any of said rights, powers and privileges in respect of any of said investments; and (iii) to carry on any other business in connection with or incidental to any of the foregoing powers, to do everything necessary, proper or desirable for the accomplishment of any purpose or the attainment of any object or the furtherance of any power hereinbefore set forth, and to do every other act or thing incidental or appurtenant to or connected with the aforesaid purposes, objects or powers. (b) The Trustees shall not be limited to investing in securities or obligations maturing before the possible termination of the Trust, nor shall the Trustees be limited by any law limiting the investments which may be made by fiduciaries. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Declaration to the contrary, the Trustees shall have the power in their discretion without any requirement of approval by Shareholders to either invest all or a portion of the Trust Property, or sell all or a portion of such Trust Property and invest the proceeds of such sales, in one or more other investment companies to the extent not prohibited by the 1940 Act. Section 3.3. Legal Title. Legal title to all Trust Property shall be vested in the Trustees as joint tenants except that the Trustees shall have power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of one or more of the Trustees, or in the name of the Trust, or in the name of any other Person or nominee, on such terms as the Trustees may determine. The right, title and interest of the Trustees in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in each person who may hereafter become a Trustee. Upon the resignation, retirement, removal or death of a Trustee, such Trustee shall automatically cease to have any right, title or interest in any of the Trust Property, and the right, title and interest of such Trustee in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in the remaining Trustees. Such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective whether or not conveyancing documents have been executed and delivered. Section 3.4. Issuance and Repurchase of Securities. The Trustees shall have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold, resell, reissue, dispose of, transfer, and otherwise deal in Shares and, subject to the provisions set forth in Articles VII and VIII hereof, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement, cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds of the Trust or other Trust Property, whether capital or surplus or otherwise. Section 3.5. Borrowing Money; Lending Trust Property. The Trustees shall have power to borrow money or otherwise obtain credit and to secure the same by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security the Trust Property, to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance of any obligation, contract or engagement of any other Person and to lend Trust Property. Section 3.6. Delegation. The Trustees shall have power to delegate from time to time to such of their number or to officers, employees, any Investment Adviser, Distributor, custodian, agent or independent contractor of the Trust the doing of such things and the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the names of the Trustees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem appropriate or expedient. Section 3.7. Collection and Payment. The Trustees shall have power to collect all property due to the Trust; to pay all claims, including taxes, against the Trust Property; to prosecute, defend, compromise or abandon any claims relating to the Trust Property; to foreclose any security interest securing any obligations, by virtue of which any property is owed to the Trust; and to enter into releases, agreements and other instruments. Section 3.8. Expenses. The Trustees shall have the power to incur and pay any expenses which in the opinion of the Trustees are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the purposes of the Declaration, and to pay reasonable compensation from the funds of the Trust to themselves as Trustees. The Trustees shall fix the compensation of all officers, employees, Trustees and Trustees Emeritus. Section 3.9. Manner of Acting; By-Laws. Except as otherwise provided herein, in the 1940 Act or in the By-Laws, any action to be taken by the Trustees may be taken by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting of Trustees at which a quorum is present, including any meeting held by means of a conference telephone circuit or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, or by written consents of two-thirds of the Trustees. The Trustees may adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with the Declaration to provide for the conduct of the business of the Trust and may amend or repeal such By-Laws to the extent permitted therein at any time. Section 3.10. Miscellaneous Powers. Without limiting the foregoing, -------------------- the Trustees shall have the power to: (a) employ or contract with such Persons as the Trustees may deem desirable for the transaction of the business of the Trust; (b)enter into joint ventures, partnerships and any other combinations or associations; (c) elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents or employees as they consider appropriate, in each case with or without cause, and appoint and terminate any one or more committees which may exercise some or all of the power and authority of the Trustees as the Trustees may determine; (d) purchase, and pay for out of Trust Property, such insurance as they may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business of the Trust, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust and payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies insuring Shareholders, any administrator, Trustees, Trustees Emeritus, officers, employees, agents, any Investment Adviser, any Distributor, selected dealers or independent contractors of the Trust against all claims arising by reason of holding any such position or by reason of any action taken or omitted by any such Person in such capacity, whether or not constituting negligence, or whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability; (e) establish pension, profit-sharing, Share purchase, deferred compensation, and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans for any Trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Trust; (f) to the extent permitted by law, indemnify any person with whom the Trust has dealings, including any Investment Adviser, administrator, custodian, Distributor, Transfer Agent, shareholder servicing agent and any dealer, to such extent as the Trustees shall determine; (g) guarantee indebtedness or contractual obligations of others; (h) determine and change the fiscal year of the Trust and the method by which its accounts shall be kept; and (i) adopt a seal for the Trust, provided that the absence of such seal shall not impair the validity of any instrument executed on behalf of the Trust. ARTICLE IV INVESTMENT ADVISER, DISTRIBUTOR, CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT Section 4.1. Investment Adviser. Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, the Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more investment advisory or management contracts whereby the other party to each such contract shall undertake to furnish the Trust such management, investment advisory, statistical and research facilities and services, promotional activities, and such other facilities and services, if any, as the Trustees shall from time to time consider desirable and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine. Notwithstanding any provision of the Declaration, the Trustees may delegate to the Investment Adviser authority (subject to such general or specific instructions as the Trustees may from time to time adopt) to effect purchases, sales, loans or exchanges of assets of the Trust on behalf of the Trustees or may authorize any officer, employee or Trustee to effect such purchases, sales, loans or exchanges pursuant to recommendations of the Investment Adviser (and all without further action by the Trustees). Any of such purchases, sales, loans or exchanges shall be deemed to have been authorized by all the Trustees. Such services may be provided by one or more Persons. Section 4.2. Distributor. Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, the Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more exclusive or non-exclusive distribution contracts providing for the sale of Shares, whereby the Trust may either agree to sell the Shares to the other party to any such contract or appoint any such other party its sales agent for such Shares. In either case, any such contract shall be on such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine, provided that such terms and conditions are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Declaration or the By-Laws; and such contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of Shares by such other party as principal or as agent of the Trust and may provide that such other party may enter into selected dealer agreements or agency agreements with securities dealers or other Persons to further the purpose of the distribution or repurchase of the Shares. Such services may be provided by one or more Persons. Section 4.3. Custodian. The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more contracts whereby the other party to each such contract shall undertake to furnish such custody services to the Trust as the Trustees shall from time to time consider desirable and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine, provided that such terms and conditions are not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Declaration or the By-Laws. The Trustees may authorize any custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the services of the custodian as the Trustees shall from time to time consider desirable. Services described in this Section may be provided by one or more Persons. Section 4.4. Transfer Agent. The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more transfer agency or sub-transfer agency and shareholder servicing contracts whereby the other party to each such contract shall undertake to furnish such transfer agency and/or shareholder services to the Trust as the Trustees shall from time to time consider desirable and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine, provided that such terms and conditions are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Declaration or the By-Laws. Such services may be provided by one or more Persons. Section 4.5. Parties to Contract. Any contract of the character described in any Section of this Article IV may be entered into with any Person, although one or more of the Trustees or officers of the Trust may be an officer, partner, director, trustee, shareholder, or member of such other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be invalidated or rendered voidable by reason of the existence of any such relationship; nor shall any Person holding such relationship be liable merely by reason of such relationship for any loss or expense to the Trust under or by reason of any such contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or indirectly therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article IV or the By-Laws. The same Person may be the other party to contracts entered into pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 above, and any individual may be financially interested or otherwise affiliated with Persons who are parties to any or all of the contracts mentioned in this Section 4.5. ARTICLE V LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS, TRUSTEES AND OTHERS Section 5.1. No Personal Liability of Shareholders. No Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person in connection with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Trust solely by reason of being or having been a Shareholder. The Trust shall indemnify and hold each Shareholder and former Shareholder harmless from and against all claims and liabilities to which such Shareholder may become subject solely by reason of his or her being or having been a Shareholder (other than taxes payable by virtue of owning Shares), and shall reimburse such Shareholder for all legal and other expenses reasonably incurred by him in connection with any such claim or liability. The rights accruing to a Shareholder or former Shareholder under this Section 5.1 shall not exclude any other right to which such Shareholder may be lawfully entitled, nor shall anything herein contained restrict the right of the Trust to indemnify or reimburse a Shareholder or former Shareholder in any appropriate situation even though not specifically provided herein. The Trust shall, upon request by a Shareholder or former Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against such Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets of the Trust. Section 5.2. Limitation of Liability of Trustees and Others. (a) No Trustee, Trustee Emeritus, officer or employee or agent of the Trust shall be subject to any liability whatsoever to any Person in connection with Trust Property or the affairs of the Trust, and no Trustee or Trustee Emeritus shall be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, employee or agent of the Trust or for the act or omission of any other Trustee or Trustee Emeritus. For the sake of clarification and without limiting the foregoing, the appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee as the chairperson of the Board, the lead or assistant lead independent Trustee, a member or chairperson of a committee of the Trustees, an expert on any topic or in any area (including an audit committee financial expert) or any other special appointment, designation or identification given to a Trustee, shall not (a) impose on that person any duty, obligation or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations and liabilities imposed on that person as a Trustee in the absence of the appointment, designation or identification or (b) affect in any way such Trustee's rights or entitlement to indemnification, and no Trustee who has special skills or expertise, or is appointed, designated or identified as aforesaid, shall (x) be held to a higher standard of care by virtue thereof or (y) be limited with respect to any indemnification to which such Trustee would otherwise be entitled. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 5.2(a) or otherwise, nothing in the Declaration shall protect any Trustee, Trustee Emeritus, officer, employee or agent of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders to which he, she or it would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his, her or its office or position with or on behalf of the Trust. (b) All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having claim against the Trust shall look solely to the assets of the Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither any Trustee or Trustee Emeritus, nor any of the Trust's officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. Section 5.3. Mandatory Indemnification. (a) Subject to the exceptions -------------------------- and limitations contained in paragraph (b) below: (i) every person who is or has been a Trustee, Trustee Emeritus or officer of the Trust (hereinafter referred to as a "Covered Person") shall be indemnified by the Trust against all liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which that individual becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of being or having been a Trustee, Trustee Emeritus or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by that individual in the settlement thereof; (ii) the words "claim," "action," "suit" or "proceeding" shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal, administrative or other, including appeals), actual or threatened; and the words "liability" and "expenses" shall include, without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement or compromise, fines, penalties and other liabilities. (b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person: (i) against any liability to the Trust or the Shareholders by reason of a final adjudication by the court or other body before which the proceeding was brought that the Covered Person engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of that individual's office; (ii) with respect to any matter as to which the Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that that individual's action was in the best interest of the Trust; or (iii) in the event of a settlement involving a payment by a Trustee, Trustee Emeritus or officer or other disposition not involving a final adjudication as provided in paragraph (b)(i) or (b)(ii) above resulting in a payment by a Covered Person, unless there has been either a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of that individual's office by the court or other body approving the settlement or other disposition or by a reasonable determination, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry) that that individual did not engage in such conduct: (A) by vote of a majority of the Disinterested Trustees (as defined below) acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter); or (B) by written opinion of (i) the then-current legal counsel to the Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust or (ii) other legal counsel chosen by a majority of the Disinterested Trustees (or if there are no Disinterested Trustees with respect to the matter in question, by a majority of the Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust) and determined by them in their reasonable judgment to be independent. (c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person. Nothing contained herein shall limit the Trust from entering into other insurance arrangements or affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, including Covered Persons, may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law. (d) Expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit, or proceeding of the character described in paragraph (a) of this Section 5.3 shall be advanced by the Trust prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Covered Person to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that the Covered Person is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 5.3, provided that either: (i) such undertaking is secured by a surety bond or some other appropriate security or the Trust shall be insured against losses arising out of any such advances; or (ii) a majority of the Disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) or legal counsel meeting the requirement in Section 5.3(b)(iii)(B) above in a written opinion, shall determine, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification. As used in this Section 5.3 a "Disinterested Trustee" is one (i) who is not an "Interested Person" of the Trust (including anyone who has been exempted from being an "Interested Person" by any rule, regulation or order of the Commission), and (ii) against whom none of such actions, suits or other proceedings or another action, suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or had been pending. (e) With respect to any such determination or opinion referred to in clause (b)(iii) above or clause (d)(ii) above, a rebuttable presumption shall be afforded that the Covered Person has not engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person's office in accordance with pronouncements of the Commission. Section 5.4. No Bond Required. No Trustee, Trustee Emeritus or ---------------- officer shall be obligated to give any bond or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties hereunder. Section 5.5. No Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments. No purchaser, lender, shareholder servicing agent, Transfer Agent or other Person dealing with the Trustees or any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee or agent or be liable for the application of money or property paid, loaned, or delivered to or on the order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation, contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or undertaking, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively presumed to have been executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under the Declaration or in their capacity as officers, employees or agents of the Trust. Every written obligation, contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or undertaking made or issued by the Trustees or officers shall recite that the same is executed or made by them not individually, but as or on behalf of Trustees under the Declaration, and that the obligations of any such instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or Shareholders individually, but bind only the Trust estate, and may contain any further recital deemed appropriate, but the omission of such recital shall not operate to bind any of the Trustees, officers or Shareholders individually. The Trustees may maintain insurance for the protection of the Trust Property, Shareholders, Trustees, Trustees Emeritus, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable. Section 5.6. Good Faith Action; Reliance on Experts. The exercise by the Trustees or the officers of the Trust of their powers and discretions hereunder in good faith and with reasonable care under the circumstances then prevailing shall be binding upon everyone interested. The Trustees or the officers of the Trust shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. Each Trustee and officer or employee of the Trust shall, in the performance of his or her duties, be under no liability and fully and completely justified and protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting from reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Trust, upon advice of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by any of its officers or employees or by the Investment Adviser, the Distributor, Transfer Agent, custodian, any shareholder servicing agent, selected dealers, accountants, appraisers or other experts or consultants selected with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee. Section 5.7. Derivative Actions. No Shareholder shall have the right to bring or maintain any court action, proceeding or claim on behalf of the Trust without first making demand on the Trustees requesting the Trustees to bring or maintain such action, proceeding or claim. Such demand shall be excused only when the plaintiff makes a specific showing that irreparable injury to the Trust would otherwise result, or if a majority of the Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, has a material personal financial interest in the action at issue. A Trustee shall not be deemed to have a personal financial interest in an action or otherwise be disqualified from ruling on a Shareholder demand by virtue of the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration from his or her service on the Board of Trustees of the Trust or on the boards of one or more investment companies with the same or an affiliated investment adviser or underwriter, or the amount of such remuneration. Such demand shall be mailed to the Secretary or Clerk of the Trust at the Trust's principal office and shall set forth in reasonable detail the nature of the proposed court action, proceeding or claim and the essential facts relied upon by the Shareholder to support the allegations made in the demand. The Trustees shall consider such demand within 45 days of its receipt by the Trust. In their sole discretion, the Trustees may submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders of the Trust, as appropriate. Any decision by the Trustees to bring, maintain or settle (or not to bring, maintain or settle) such court action, proceeding or claim, or to submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders, shall be made by the Trustees in their business judgment and shall be binding upon the Shareholders. Any decision by the Trustees to bring or maintain a court action, proceeding or suit on behalf of the Trust shall be subject to the right of the Shareholders under Section 6.8 of the Declaration to vote on whether or not such court action, proceeding or suit should or should not be brought or maintained. ARTICLE VI SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST Section 6.1. Beneficial Interest. The interest of the beneficiaries hereunder may be divided into transferable Shares of Beneficial Interest (without par value). The number of Shares authorized hereunder is unlimited. All Shares issued hereunder including, without limitation, Shares issued in connection with a dividend in Shares or a split of Shares, shall be fully paid and non-assessable. Section 6.2. Rights of Shareholders. The ownership of the Trust Property of every description and the right to conduct any business hereinbefore described are vested exclusively in the Trustees, and the Shareholders shall have no interest therein other than the beneficial interest conferred by their Shares, and they shall have no right to call for any partition or division of any property, profits, rights or interests of the Trust nor can they be called upon to assume any losses of the Trust or suffer an assessment of any kind by virtue of their ownership of Shares. The Shares shall be personal property giving only the rights specifically set forth in the Declaration. The Shares shall not entitle the holder to preference, preemptive, appraisal, conversion or exchange rights. By becoming a Shareholder each Shareholder shall be held expressly to have assented to and agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration. Section 6.3. Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to create only the relationship of Trustee and beneficiary between the Trustees and each Shareholder from time to time. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association, corporation, bailment or any form of legal relationship other than a trust. Nothing in the Declaration shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock association. Section 6.4. Issuance of Shares. The Trustees, in their discretion may, from time to time without vote of the Shareholders, issue Shares, in addition to the then issued and outstanding Shares and Shares held in the treasury, to such party or parties and for such amount and type of consideration, including cash or property, at such time or times, and on such terms as the Trustees may deem best, and may in such manner acquire other assets (including the acquisition of assets subject to, and in connection with, the assumption of liabilities) and businesses. In connection with any issuance of Shares, the Trustees may issue fractional Shares. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares into a greater or lesser number without thereby changing their proportionate beneficial interests in Trust Property. Contributions to the Trust may be accepted for whole Shares and/or 1/1,000ths of a Share or integral multiples thereof. Section 6.5. Register of Shares. A register or registers shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust or at an office of the Transfer Agent which shall contain the names and addresses (which may be addresses for electronic delivery) of the Shareholders and the number of Shares held by them respectively and a record of all transfers thereof. Such register shall be conclusive as to who are the holders of the Shares and who shall be entitled to receive dividends or distributions or otherwise to exercise or enjoy the rights of Shareholders. No Shareholder shall be entitled to receive payment of any dividend or distribution, nor to have notice given to that Shareholder as provided herein or in the By-Laws, until the Shareholder has given his or her address to the Transfer Agent or such other officer or agent of the Trustees as shall keep the said register for entry thereon. The Trustees, in their discretion, may authorize the issuance of Share certificates and promulgate appropriate rules and regulations as to their use. Section 6.6. Transfer of Shares. Shares shall be transferable on the records of the Trust only by the record holder thereof or by the record holder's agent thereunto authorized in writing, upon delivery to the Trustees or, if there is a Transfer Agent with respect to such Shares, the Transfer Agent of a duly executed instrument of transfer together with any certificate or certificates (if issued) for such Shares and such evidence of the genuineness of each such execution and authorization and of other matters as may reasonably be required. Upon such delivery the transfer shall be recorded on the register of the Trust. Until such record is made, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and neither the Trustees nor any Transfer Agent or registrar nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of the proposed transfer. Any Person becoming entitled to any Shares in consequence of the death, bankruptcy, or incompetence of any Shareholder, or otherwise by operation of law, shall be recorded on the register of Shares as the holder of such Shares upon production of the proper evidence thereof to the Trustees or the Transfer Agent; but until such record is made, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and neither the Trustees nor any Transfer Agent or registrar nor any officer or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of such death, bankruptcy or incompetence, or other operation of law. Section 6.7. Notices. Any and all notices to which any Shareholder may be entitled and any and all communications shall be deemed duly served or given (i) if mailed, postage prepaid, addressed to any Shareholder of record at the Shareholder's last known address as recorded on the register of the Trust, (ii) if sent by electronic transmission to the Shareholder of record at the Shareholder's last known address for electronic delivery as recorded on the register of the Trust, (iii) if mailed or sent by electronic delivery to one or more members of the Shareholder's household in accordance with applicable law or regulation, or (iv) if otherwise sent in accordance with applicable law or regulation. Section 6.8. Voting Powers. The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees when that issue is submitted to Shareholders, and for the removal of Trustees as provided in Section 2.2 hereof, (ii) with respect to any investment advisory or management contract on which a shareholder vote is required by the 1940 Act, (iii) with respect to termination of the Trust to the extent and as provided in Section 8.2 hereof, (iv) with respect to any amendment of the Declaration to the extent and as provided in Section 8.3 hereof, (v) with respect to any merger, consolidation, or sale of assets to the extent and as provided in Sections 8.4 and 8.7 hereof, (vi) with respect to any conversion of the Trust to an "open-end company" to the extent and as provided in Section 8.6 hereof, (vii) to the same extent as the stockholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Trust or the Shareholders, and (viii) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by the Declaration, the By-Laws, or any registration of the Trust with the Commission (or any successor agency) or any other regulator having jurisdiction over the Trust, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. A Shareholder shall be entitled to one vote for each Share owned by such Shareholder on each matter on which such Shareholder is entitled to vote and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. Shares held in the treasury of the Trust shall not be voted. Except when a larger vote is required by applicable law or by any provision of the Declaration or the By-Laws, if any, Shares representing a majority of the Shares voted in person or by proxy shall decide any questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, provided that abstentions and broker non-votes shall not be counted as votes cast but shall be counted as being present for purposes of determining the existence of a quorum. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees. Until Shares are issued and during any period when no Shares are outstanding, the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take any action required by law, the Declaration or the By-Laws to be taken by Shareholders. The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholder votes and meetings and related matters. ARTICLE VII DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE, NET INCOME AND DISTRIBUTIONS The Trustees, in their absolute discretion, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-Laws or in a duly adopted vote of the Trustees such bases and times for determining the per Share net asset value of the Shares or net income, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions, as they may deem necessary or desirable. ARTICLE VIII DURATION; TERMINATION OF TRUST; AMENDMENT; MERGERS, ETC. Section 8.1. Duration. The Trust shall continue without limitation of -------- time but subject to the provisions of this Article VIII. Section 8.2. Termination of Trust. (a) The Trust may be terminated at -------------------- any time (i) by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of Shareholders, or (ii) by the Trustees by written notice to the Shareholders. Upon the termination of the Trust: (i) The Trust shall carry on no business except for the purpose of winding up its affairs; (ii) The Trustees shall proceed to wind up the affairs of the Trust and all the powers of the Trustees under the Declaration shall continue until the affairs of the Trust shall have been wound up, including the power to fulfill or discharge the contracts of the Trust, collect its assets, sell, convey, assign, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the remaining Trust Property to one or more Persons at public or private sale for consideration which may consist in whole or in part of cash, securities or other property of any kind, discharge or pay its liabilities, and to do all other acts appropriate to liquidate its business; and (iii) After paying or adequately providing for the payment of all liabilities, and upon receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements as they deem necessary for their protection, the Trustees may distribute the remaining Trust Property, in cash or in kind or partly in cash and partly in kind, among the Shareholders of the Trust according to their respective rights. (b) After termination of the Trust and distribution to the Shareholders of the Trust as herein provided, a majority of the Trustees shall execute and lodge among the records of the Trust an instrument in writing setting forth the fact of such termination, and the Trustees shall thereupon be discharged from all further liabilities and duties hereunder with respect to the Trust, and the rights and interests of all Shareholders of the Trust shall thereupon cease. Section 8.3. Amendment Procedure. (a) Except as specifically provided herein, the Trustees may, without any Shareholder vote, amend or otherwise supplement the Declaration by making an amendment, a Declaration of Trust supplemental hereto or an amended and restated Declaration. Without limiting the foregoing power reserved to the Trustees, the Trustees may, without any Shareholder vote, amend the Declaration to change the name or principal office of the Trust, to supply any omission, to cure, correct or supplement any ambiguous, defective or inconsistent provision hereof, or if they deem it necessary or advisable, to conform the Declaration to the requirements of applicable law, including the 1940 Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, but the Trustees shall not be liable for failing to do so. Shareholders shall have the right to vote on (i) any amendment that would affect their right to vote granted in Section 6.8; (ii) any amendment to Section 8.3(a) or (b); (iii) any amendment as may be required by law or by the Trust's registration statement to be approved by Shareholders; and (iv) any amendment submitted to them by the Trustees. Except as otherwise provided in Section 8.3(c), any amendment on which Shareholders have the right to vote shall require a Majority Shareholder Vote of the Shareholders of the Trust, or the written consent, without a meeting, of the holders of Shares representing not less than a majority of the voting power of the Shares of the Trust. (b) Nothing contained in the Declaration shall permit the amendment of the Declaration to impair the exemption from personal liability of the Shareholders, former Shareholders, Trustees, Trustees Emeritus, officers, employees and agents of the Trust or to permit assessments upon Shareholders or former Shareholders. Notwithstanding anything else herein, any amendment to Section 5.3 shall not limit the rights to indemnification or insurance provided therein with respect to actions or omissions of persons entitled to indemnification under such Section prior to such amendment. (c) No amendment may be made which shall amend, alter, change or repeal any of the provisions of Section 2.2, Section 8.2, this Section 8.3(c), Section 8.4, Section 8.6 and Section 8.7 unless the amendment effecting such amendment, alteration, change or repeal shall receive the affirmative vote or consent of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote. Such affirmative vote or consent shall be in addition to the vote or consent of the holders of Shares otherwise required by law or by the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, whether now or hereafter authorized, or any agreement between the Trust and any national securities exchange. (d) A certificate signed by a majority of the Trustees setting forth an amendment and reciting that it was duly adopted by the Shareholders (if applicable) or by the Trustees as aforesaid or a copy of the Declaration, as amended, and executed by a majority of the Trustees, shall be conclusive evidence of such amendment when lodged among the records of the Trust. Section 8.4. Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets. Subject to applicable law and except as otherwise provided in Section 8.5 hereof, the Trust may merge or consolidate with any other corporation, association, trust or other organization or may sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all of the Trust Property including its good will, upon such terms and conditions and for such consideration when and as authorized (a) at any meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote, or (b) by the written consent, without a meeting, of the holders of not less than two-thirds of such Shares, provided, however, that if such merger, consolidation, sale, lease or exchange is recommended by the Trustees, the vote or written consent of the holders of a majority of Shares outstanding and entitled to vote, shall be sufficient authorization. Any such merger, consolidation, sale, lease or exchange shall be deemed for all purposes to have been accomplished under and pursuant to the statutes of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Such transactions may be effected through share-for-share exchanges, transfers or sales of assets, in-kind redemptions and purchases, exchange offers, or any other method approved by the Trustees. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as requiring approval of Shareholders for any sale of assets in the ordinary course of the business of the Trust, or for any transaction, whether deemed a merger, consolidation, reorganization or exchange of shares or otherwise, whereby the Trust issues shares in connection with the acquisition of assets (including those subject to liabilities) from any other investment company or similar entity. Section 8.5. Incorporation, Reorganization. The Trustees may, without the vote or consent of Shareholders, cause to be organized or assist in organizing a corporation or corporations under the laws of any jurisdiction, or any other trust (or series or class of a trust), unit investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, association or other organization to acquire all or a portion of the Trust Property or to carry on any business in which the Trust shall directly or indirectly have any interest, and to sell, convey and transfer such Trust Property to any such corporation, trust (or series or class of a trust), partnership, limited liability company, association or organization in exchange for the shares or securities thereof or otherwise, and to lend money to, subscribe for the shares or securities of, and enter into any contracts with any such corporation, trust, partnership, association or organization in which the Trust holds or is about to acquire shares or any other interest. The Trustees may also, without the vote or consent of Shareholders, cause a merger or consolidation between the Trust or any successor thereto and any such corporation, trust (or series or class of a trust), partnership, association or other organization if and to the extent permitted by law. The Trustees shall provide written notice to affected Shareholders of each transaction pursuant to this Section 8.5. Such transactions may be effected through share-for-share exchanges, transfers or sales of assets, in-kind redemptions and purchases, exchange offers, or any other method approved by the Trustees. Section 8.6. Conversion. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration, the conversion of the Trust from a "closed-end company" to an "open-end company," as those terms are defined in the 1940 Act, shall require the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote. Such affirmative vote or consent shall be in addition to the vote or consent of the holders of the Shares otherwise required by law or by the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, whether now or hereafter authorized, or any agreement between the Trust and any national securities exchange. Section 8.7. Certain Transactions. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration and subject to the exceptions provided in paragraph (d) of this Section, the types of transactions described in paragraph (c) of this Section shall require the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote, when a Principal Shareholder (as defined in paragraph (b) of this Section) is a party to the transaction. Such affirmative vote or consent shall be in addition to the vote or consent of the Shareholders otherwise required by law or by the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, whether now or hereafter authorized, or any agreement between the Trust and any national securities exchange. (b) The term "Principal Shareholder" shall mean any corporation, person or other entity which is the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding Shares and shall include any affiliate or associate, as such terms are defined in clause (ii) below, of a Principal Shareholder. For the purposes of this Section, in addition to the Shares which a corporation, person or other entity beneficially owns directly, (a) any corporation, person or other entity shall be deemed to be the beneficial owner of any Shares (i) which it has the right to acquire pursuant to any agreement or upon exercise of conversion rights or warrants, or otherwise (but excluding share options granted by the Trust) or (ii) which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly (including Shares deemed owned through application of clause (i) above), by any other corporation, person or entity with which its "affiliate" or "associate" (as defined below) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of Shares, or which is its "affiliate" or "associate" as those terms are defined in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as in effect on December 1, 1986, and (b) the outstanding Shares shall include Shares deemed owned through application of clauses (i) and (ii) above but shall not include any other shares which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, or upon exercise of conversion rights or warrants, or otherwise. (c) This Section shall apply to the following transactions: (i) the merger or consolidation of the Trust or any subsidiary of the Trust with or into any Principal Shareholder; (ii) the issuance of any securities of the Trust to any Principal Shareholder for cash; (iii) the sale, lease or exchange of all or any substantial part of the assets of the Trust to any Principal Shareholder (except assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than $1,000,000, aggregating for the purpose of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a twelve-month period); (iv) the sale, lease or exchange to the Trust or any subsidiary thereof, in exchange for securities of the Trust of any assets of any Principal Shareholder (except assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than $1,000,000, aggregating for the purposes of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a twelve-month period). (d) The provisions of this Section shall not be applicable to (i) any of the transactions described in paragraph (c) of this Section if the Board of Trustees of the Trust shall by resolution have approved a memorandum of understanding with such Principal Shareholder with respect to and substantially consistent with such transaction, or (ii) any such transaction with any corporation of which a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes of stock normally entitled to vote in elections of directors is owned of record or beneficially by the Trust and its subsidiaries. (e) The Board of Trustees shall have the power and duty to determine for the purposes of this Section on the basis of information known to the Trust, whether (i) a corporation, person or entity beneficially owns more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding Shares, (ii) a corporation, person or entity is an "affiliate" or "associate" (as defined above) of another, (iii) the assets being acquired or leased to or by the Trust or any subsidiary thereof, constitute a substantial part of the assets of the Trust and have an aggregate fair market value of less than $1,000,000, and (iv) the memorandum of understanding referred to in paragraph (d) hereof is substantially consistent with the transaction covered thereby. Any such determination shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes of this Section. ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS Section 9.1. Filing. The Declaration and any subsequent amendment hereto shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and in such other place or places as may be required under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and may also be filed or recorded in such other places as the Trustees deem appropriate, provided that the failure to so file shall not invalidate this instrument or any properly authorized amendment hereto. Each amendment so filed shall be accompanied by a certificate signed and acknowledged by an officer or Trustee stating that such action was duly taken in a manner provided herein, and unless such amendment or such certificate sets forth some other time for the effectiveness of such amendment, such amendment shall be effective upon its filing. A restated Declaration, integrating into a single instrument all of the provisions of the Declaration which are then in effect and operative, may be executed from time to time by a majority of the Trustees and shall, upon filing with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, be conclusive evidence of all amendments contained therein and may thereafter be referred to in lieu of the original Declaration and the various amendments thereto. Section 9.2. Governing Law. The Declaration is executed by the Trustees and delivered in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and with reference to the laws thereof, and the rights of all parties and the validity and construction of every provision hereof shall be subject to and construed according to the laws of said Commonwealth. The Trust shall be of the type commonly called a Massachusetts business trust, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a trust, and the absence of a specific reference herein to any such power, privilege, or action shall not imply that the Trust may not exercise such power or privilege or take such action. Section 9.3. Principal Office. The principal office of the Trust is ----------------- 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts. The Trustees, without a vote of Shareholders, may change the principal office of the Trust. Section 9.4. Counterparts. The Declaration may be simultaneously executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and such counterparts, together, shall constitute one and the same instrument, which shall be sufficiently evidenced by any such original counterpart. Section 9.5. Reliance by Third Parties. Any certificate executed by an individual who, according to the records of the Trust, appears to be an officer or Trustee hereunder, certifying to: (i) the number or identity of Trustees or Shareholders, (ii) the due authorization of the execution of any instrument or writing, (iii) the form of any vote passed at a meeting of Trustees or Shareholders, (iv) the fact that the number of Trustees or Shareholders present at any meeting or executing any written instrument satisfies the requirements of the Declaration, (v) the form of any By-Laws adopted by or the identity of any officers elected by the Trustees, or (vi) the existence of any fact or facts which in any manner relates to the affairs of the Trust, shall be conclusive evidence as to the matters so certified in favor of any Person dealing with the Trustees and their successors. Section 9.6. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations. ------------------------------------------------------------ (a) The provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the regulated investment company or other provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. (b) If any provision of the Declaration shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of the Declaration in any jurisdiction. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this instrument as of the day and year first written above. JOHN W. BALLEN John W. Ballen As Trustee and Not Individually 8 Orchard Road Southborough MA 01772 LAWRENCE H. COHN Lawrence H. Cohn As Trustee and Not Individually 45 Singletree Road Chestnut Hill MA 02467 WILLIAM R. GUTOW William R. Gutow As Trustee and Not Individually 3 Rue Dulac Dallas TX 75230 J. ATWOOD IVES J. Atwood Ives As Trustee and Not Individually 17 West Cedar Street Boston MA 02108 ABBY M. O'NEILL Abby M. O'Neill As Trustee and Not Individually 200 Sunset Road Oyster Bay NY 11771 KEVIN R. PARKE Kevin R. Parke As Trustee and Not Individually 33 Liberty Street Concord MA 01742 LAWRENCE T. PERERA Lawrence T. Perera As Trustee and Not Individually 18 Marlborough Street Boston MA 02116 WILLIAM J. POORVU William J. Poorvu As Trustee and Not Individually 975 Memorial Drive Apt. 710 Cambridge MA 02138 JEFFREY L. SHAMES Jeffrey L. Shames As Trustee and Not Individually 38 Lake Avenue Newton MA 02459 J. DALE SHERRATT J. Dale Sherratt As Trustee and Not Individually 86 Farm Road Sherborn MA 01770 ELAINE R. SMITH Elaine R. Smith As Trustee and Not Individually 75 Scotch Pine Road Weston MA 02493